Journal articles: 'Composite deformation'

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Nawab, Yasir, Frédéric Jaquemin, Pascal Casari, Nicolas Boyard, and Vincent Sobotka. "Evolution of chemical and thermal curvatures in thermoset-laminated composite plates during the fabrication process." Journal of Composite Materials 47, no. 3 (February 22, 2012): 327–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021998312440130.

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Residual deformations and stresses formation in the thermoset-laminated composite is a frequently studied subject in the recent years. During fabrication, the laminated composites undergo chemical deformation during cross-linking and thermal deformation while cooling. In thin laminates, due to large displacements and complex evolution of shape, these deformations can only be explained by using nonlinear strain–displacement relationship. In the present article, we calculated together for the first time, the thermal and chemical deformations occurring in carbon/epoxy laminates by considering a nonlinear geometrical approach to understand the evolution of shape and hence residual stresses induced during fabrication process. The effect of fibre fraction on the chemical and thermal deformations is studied as well.

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Garbacz, G., and L. Kyzioł. "Application of metric entropy for results interpretation of composite materials mechanical tests." Advances in Materials Science 17, no. 1 (March 1, 2017): 70–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/adms-2017-0006.

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Abstract In this paper the results of mechanical studies of the Aropol 536 composite on the epoxy-resin base are described. The aim of the studies was to measure elastic-plastic changes in the composite during its deformation. The obtained results were analyzed using Kolmogorov-Sinai metric entropy. The entropy was computed applying phase portraits reconstructed from a phase plane using delayed coordinates. Resolution of the particular experimental setup limits the number of the acquired data points, i.e., from several to tens of thousands of points and it has significant influence on accuracy of the obtained results. In conclusion, in the tested composites elastic-plastic deformations are periodic and repeat in a distinctive way in a wide range of deformations of the sample. Deformation of the elastic-plastic composite are associated with its complex structure and studies of its mechanical properties require more advanced methods such as use of Kolmogorov-Sinai metric entropy.

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Osmęda, Anna. "Measurements of strain induced by chemical shrinkage in polymer composites." Journal of Polymer Engineering 36, no. 4 (May 1, 2016): 431–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/polyeng-2015-0224.

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Abstract The aim of this work is to determine which of the techniques that allow to measure the strain induced in polymer composites by the chemical shrinkage of resin is most appropriate for predicting process-induced deformations. There are two approaches to determine the chemical strain: measurements in-plane and through-the-thickness of composite. In the following study, two methods were used for the measurement of unidirectional carbon/epoxy composite: novel one that employs a dynamic mechanical analyzer to measure through-the-thickness strain and one designed previously to measure in-plane strain. As the results of the methods were different, finite element simulation of process-induced deformation of C-sectioned composite element was carried out in order to verify the results. Comparison of numerical results with the real part deformation showed that the measurement of through-the-thickness chemical strain is the more accurate approach in the case of the prediction of deformation and that the novel method gives valid results.

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Jung, Beom-Seok, Jung-Pyo Kong, NingXue Li, Yoon-Mi Kim, Min-Saeng Kim, Sung-Hoon Ahn, and Maenghyo Cho. "Numerical simulation and verification of a curved morphing composite structure with embedded shape memory alloy wire actuators." Journal of Intelligent Material Systems and Structures 24, no. 1 (September 21, 2012): 89–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1045389x12459588.

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Shape memory alloys have been actively studied in various fields in an attempt to utilize their high energy density. In particular, shape memory alloy wire-embedded composites can be used as load-bearing smart actuators without any additional manipulation, in which they act like a hinge joint. A shape memory alloy wire-embedded composite is able to generate various deformation behaviors via the combination of its shape memory alloy and matrix materials. Accordingly, a study of the various design parameters of shape memory alloy wire-embedded composites is required to facilitate the practical application of smart structures. In this research, a numerical simulation of a shape memory alloy wire-embedded composite is used to investigate the deformation behavior of a composite panel as a function of the composite width per shape memory alloy wire, composite thickness, and the eccentricity of the shape memory alloy wire. A curved morphing composite structure is fabricated to confirm the results of the numerical simulation. The deformation of the shape memory alloy wire-embedded composite panel is determined by measuring its radius of curvature. The simulated deformation behaviors are verified with the experimental results. In addition, an analysis of the deformation and internal stress of the composites is carried out. It can be used to obtain guidelines for the mechanical design of shape memory alloy wire-embedded composite panels.

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Ивашов, А., A. Ivashov, Ю. Мандра, J. Mandra, Д. Зайцев, and D. Zaytsev. "Modelling of human teeth deformation behaviour after restoration." Actual problems in dentistry 12, no. 2 (July 26, 2016): 19–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.18481/2077-7566-2016-12-2-19-23.

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<p class="p1"><span class="s1">In the work the ef cacy of the adhesive dental restoration with different composites at monoaxial compression is tested. Deformation behavior of composite materials (SDR, Filtek P60, Filtek Ultimate Flowable, Filtek Ultimate) is compared in adhesive recording to a dentine at monoaxial compression. It is shown that mechanical properties of the composite materials are different because of their properties, but it is possible to predict their behavior in teeth after composite adhesive restoration. The highlled composites (to Filtek Ultimate and Filtek P60) are closer to dentine mechanical properties whereas the behavior of the lowlled composite materials (SDR and Filtek Ultimate Flowable) signi cantly differs from deformation behavior of a dentine. </span></p>

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Khaled, Bilal, Loukham Shyamsunder, Canio Hoffarth, Subramaniam D. Rajan, Robert K. Goldberg, Kelly S. Carney, Paul DuBois, and Gunther Blankenhorn. "Damage characterization of composites to support an orthotropic plasticity material model." Journal of Composite Materials 53, no. 7 (August 16, 2018): 941–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021998318793506.

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The focus of this paper is the development of test procedures to characterize the damage-related behavior of a unidirectional composite at room temperature and quasi-static loading conditions and use the resulting data in the damage sub-model of a newly developed material model for orthotropic composites. This material model has three distinct sub-models to handle elastic and inelastic deformations, damage, and failure. A unidirectional composite—T800/F3900 that was the focus of our previous work, is used to illustrate how the deformation and damage-related experimental procedures are developed and used. The implementation of the damage sub-model into LS-DYNA is verified using single-element tests and validated using impact tests. Results show that the implementation yields reasonably accurate predictions of impact behavior involving deformation and damage in structural composites.

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Toubal, Lofti, Moussa Karama, and B. Lorrain. "Determination of the Matrix of Rigidity of a Composite Material by the Combination of Speckle Interferometry and Ultrasonic Measurements." Applied Mechanics and Materials 3-4 (August 2006): 155–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.3-4.155.

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The characterisation of composite plates used in structural work in the field of aeronautics is approached by associating ultrasound and speckle interferometry measurements. The reduced thickness of the specimens does not allow for gauge instrumentation to measure out-of plane deformation. A system was therefore used which makes it possible to obtain the cartography of the deformations in and out of-plane. This paper describes an application of electronic speckle interferometry in the measurement of through thickness deformation in composites.

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Бутенко, О. О., А. І. Місюра, Є. П. Мамуня, В. З. Барсуков, and В. Г. Хоменко. "Термомеханічний аналіз електропровідних композитних матеріалів на основі полівінілбутиралю." Bulletin of the Kyiv National University of Technologies and Design. Technical Science Series 138, no. 5 (February 3, 2020): 141–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.30857/1813-6796.2019.5.16.

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The purpose of this work was to investigate the thermomechanical properties of electrically conductive polymer composites based on polyvinylbutyral, which can be used as shielding coatings for electronic equipment. The structure of electrically conductive polymer composites was studied using a desktop scanning electron microscope (Phenom Pro ). Investigations of the temperature dependence of the deformation of composite materials were obtained using the thermomechanical analyzer Q400 EM from TA Instruments, the USA in the temperature range from 20 to 180 ° C with a heating rate of 5 ° C/min. Indentor final zone diameter was 0.85 mm, applied force was 0.28 N, which corresponds to effort of 0,5 МPа. Composites based on polymer matrix and electrically conductive carbonaceous materials with the addition of magnetite have been developed. The thermomechanical analysis of composites was shown the structural transitions of the composite over a wide temperature range. Dependences for deformation derivate vs temperature have been analized. It was established that the introduction of carbonaceous materials as filler allows increasing the value of the equilibrium modulus of composite materials in the range of plastic deformation because the fillers limit the fluidity of the composite and as result their deformation. Thermomechanical analysis of composite materials for electromagnetic shielding was performed for the first time. The influence of the deformation resistance of the material was determinate taking in the account of nature and the amount of carbonaceous materials filler in the composite. Electroconductive composite materials with high thermomechanical stability was proposed for electromagnetic shielding protection in electronic devices.

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Li, Duo Sheng, X. L. Zhou, A. H. Zou, X. Z. Hua, G. Z. Ye, and Q. J. Chen. "Study on Micro-Deformation Behavior of Sicp/Al Composites at Low Stress." Advanced Materials Research 426 (January 2012): 147–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.426.147.

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In this paper, SiCp/Al composites were fabricated by spontaneous infiltration technology. The micro-deformation behavior (MDB) of low tress in some silicon carbide particulate reinforced aluminum composites (SiCp/Al composites) was investigated experimentally. The microstructure, micro-deformation of samples was analyzed by OM and WDW-50 respectively. The results show that, in aluminum matrix with incorporating SiCp, the distribution of SiCp was uniform. In the same other conditions, SiCp size of the composite plays an important role on MDB at low stress, and the micro-deformation performance of the SiCp/Al composite increases with decreasing of SiCp size. MDB of composites at low stress deeply depends on the matrix material, and MDB increases with increasing of the matrix strength. It was also found that, the micro-deformation of SiCp/Al composite was negative value in the early stages of low tensile stress, and the phenomenon can be explained by strain relaxation.

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Zhou, Jinzhu, Baofu Tang, Jianfeng Zhong, Yajing Ma, and Jin Huang. "Deformation analysis and experiments for functional surface of composite antenna structure." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 232, no. 5 (February 17, 2017): 895–907. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954406217694064.

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Composite structure with embedded microstrip antenna array is a multifunctional structure that can provide the capabilities of a panel skin structure and a radar antenna simultaneously, and it is usually installed in the structural surface of the air, water, and ground vehicles. The environmental load under in-service conditions leads to structural deformations of the composite antenna structure. In this paper, theoretical analysis and experimental validations were presented to investigate the deformations of the functional surface in the composite antenna structure. An electromechanical coupling analysis method was proposed to evaluate the performance of the deformed composite antenna structure subjected to external loads. Composite antenna structure specimens were designed, fabricated, and measured. Using the specimens, experimental systems were built to investigate the deformation. The results show that structural deformation decreases the electromagnetic performance of the composite antenna. The coupling analysis method can be applied to evaluate the performance of the deformed composite antenna structure at the design stage.

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11

Nawab, Yasir, Frédéric Jacquemin, Pascal Casari, Nicolas Boyard, and Vincent Sobotka. "Shape Evolution of Carbon Epoxy Laminated Composite during Curing." Key Engineering Materials 504-506 (February 2012): 1145–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.504-506.1145.

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The laminated composites undergo chemical deformation on cross-linking and thermal deformation while cooling during fabrication process. In thin laminates, due to large displacements and complex shape evolution, these deformations can only be explained by using nonlinear strain-displacement relationship. In the present article, the thermal and chemical deformations occurring in carbon/epoxy laminates are calculated together for the first time by considering a non-linear geometrical approach, to understand the evolution of shape and hence residual stresses induced during fabrication process.

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12

Nevskii, A. V. "CARBON FIBER REINFORCED CONCRETE COLUMNS UNDER STATIC AND DYNAMIC LOADS." Vestnik Tomskogo gosudarstvennogo arkhitekturno-stroitel'nogo universiteta. JOURNAL of Construction and Architecture, no. 4 (August 29, 2018): 111–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.31675/1607-1859-2018-20-4-111-121.

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Many new developments in the field of creating promising building materials relate to polymer fiber composites for reinforcing concrete constructions. The most effective use of such composites is provided by carbon fiber reinforcement. To date, the issues related to design, calculation and use of concrete constructions with carbon composite reinforcement under dynamic compressive loading have not been well studied. Purpose: The purpose of this study is to determine strength of dynamically loaded concrete constructions reinforced with carbon fiber using different methods of modification of deformation properties of concrete. Methodology: Experimental studies include testing two concrete columns with steel rod reinforcement and six concrete columns modified by carbon fiber and carbon composite reinforcement. The columns are tested under axial static and dynamic compressive loads. Research findings: The resulting longitudinal deformations of concrete and carbon-composite reinforcement and the limiting compressive force are determined. Value: New experimental data are obtained for the concrete column strength reinforced with carbon composite rods. The experimental results indicate the effective resistance to compression of carbon composite reinforcement. This phenomenon is observed in the case of carbon fiber and carbon composite reinforcement of compressed concrete constructions under the dynamic load. Practical implications: Resistance of carbon composite reinforcement to the dynamic compression affects the concrete strength, especially when its deformation properties are modified by carbon fiber and carbon composite reinforcement. The obtained results can be used in strength calculations of concrete constructions under the dynamic load.

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Suárez, Oscar Marcelo, Natalia Cortes-Urrego, Sujeily Soto-Medina, and Deborah Marty-Flores. "High-temperature mechanical behavior of Al-Cu matrix composites containing diboride particles." Science and Engineering of Composite Materials 21, no. 1 (January 1, 2014): 29–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/secm-2013-0020.

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AbstractAn aluminum-copper matrix composite reinforced with aluminum diboride particles was studied at high temperature via thermomechanometry experiments. The matrix contained 2 wt% Cu, whereas the amount of boron forming AlB2 ranged from 0 to 4 wt%, i.e., 0 to 8.31 vol% of diboride particles. In the first segment of the research, we demonstrated that larger amounts of AlB2 particles raised the composite hardness even at 300°C. To assess the material creep behavior, another set of specimens were tested under 1 N compression at 400°C and 500°C for 12 h. Higher levels of AlB2 allowed the composites to withstand compression creep deformations at those temperatures. By using existing creep models developed for metal matrix composites we were able to determine that viscous slip deformation was the dominant deformation mechanism for the temperatures and stress levels used in our experiments. Additionally, the computed creep activation energy for these aluminum matrix composites were found comparable to the energies reported for other similar materials, for instance, Al/SiCp composites.

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Kolchunov, Vitaly I., and Maria S. Gubanova. "RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN DEFORMATIONS AND STRESSES AT CONTACT ZONE OF FLAT-STRESSED COMPOSITE ELEMENT, WHICH WAS SUBJECTED CORROSION DAMAGES." International Journal for Computational Civil and Structural Engineering 13, no. 3 (September 11, 2017): 58–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.22337/1524-5845-2017-13-3-58-69.

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A computational model of deformation of a flat-stressed reinforced-concrete composite element in the contact zone is proposed. Deformation equations takes the form of the relationships between the final increments of stresses and deformations for a corrosion-damaged reinforced concrete element with intersecting cracks. Coefficients of flexibility matrix of the element are obtained. These coefficients take into account the long-term deformation, corrosion damages and concentrated shear, when intersecting cracks appear in the contact zone of the composite element. The solution to reinforced-concrete beam of composite section is given. The computational results are compared with the experimental data for such structures.

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Ertas, A. H., and F. O. Sonmez. "Design optimization of composite structures for maximum strength using direct simulated annealing." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 225, no. 1 (June 11, 2010): 28–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/09544062jmes2105.

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Composite materials have been used in many structural applications because of their superior properties. Although composites are less sensitive to deformation, their increased use has emphasized that their deformation behaviours and hence deformation analyses are more complex than for structures of uniform composition. Deformation patterns contingent upon fatigue properties of composites may vary significantly because of the large differences in properties of the fibres and matrix, and the compositions of their sub-constituents. These complexities introduce major deficiencies to methods for composite materials, which often force large factors of safety to be adopted in designs. Consequently, composite structures used in fatigue applications are generally over-designed to eliminate catastrophic failure and are therefore heavier and more costly. Accordingly, the objective of this study is to develop a methodology to maximize the load-carrying capacity or strength of composite structures by minimizing the maximum stress. A stochastic global search algorithm called the direct search simulated annealing is employed in the optimization procedure. The methodology is applied to different types of problems to demonstrate the effectiveness and reliability of the proposed method.

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Slutsker, Julia, and Alexander L Roytburd. "Deformation of Heterogeneous Adaptive Composite." MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS 43, no. 5 (2002): 1001–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.2320/matertrans.43.1001.

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Hutchinson, J. W. "Inelastic deformation of composite materials." Composites Science and Technology 44, no. 2 (January 1992): 180–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0266-3538(92)90113-h.

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Brooks, J. J. "Composite modelling of masonry deformation." Materials and Structures 23, no. 4 (July 1990): 241–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02472197.

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Ryu, Junghyun, Beom-Seok Jung, Min-Saeng Kim, JungPyo Kong, MaengHyo Cho, and Sung-Hoon Ahn. "Numerical simulation of hybrid composite shape-memory alloy wire-embedded structures." Journal of Intelligent Material Systems and Structures 22, no. 17 (September 15, 2011): 1941–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1045389x11419032.

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The large recovery force and non-linear deformation behaviour resulting from a change in the temperature in shape-memory alloys (SMAs) make them attractive materials for applications in smart materials and structures, as well as actuators. However, SMAs are limited in their application because they cannot support general loads such as bending or compression. SMA wire-embedded composite materials, where materials such as glass fibre reinforced plastics (GFRPs) are combined with SMAs, are proposed to overcome these limitations. However, the increased stiffness of GFRPs limits the deformation that can be achieved. The inclusion of more compliant materials, such as silicon rubber, into the matrix can improve the achievable deformation, and the characteristics of the resulting hybrid composite can be controlled by varying the conformation of the material. In this study, a numerical simulation method was developed to predict the deformation behaviour of SMA wire-embedded hybrid composites. To verify the simulation procedure, several conformations of SMA wire-embedded hybrid composites were fabricated, and their deformation behaviours were compared with the simulation results. The simulation was then used to achieve a favourable trade-off between the stiffness and the achievable deformation of the structure.

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Marčiukaitis, Gediminas. "DETERMINATION OF CREEP PARAMETERS IN LAYERS OF BUILDING COMPOSITES/SLUOKSNIUOTŲJŲ STATYBINIŲ KOMPOZITŲ VALKŠNUMO PARAMETRŲ NUSTATYMAS." JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT 4, no. 2 (June 30, 1998): 101–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/13921525.1998.10531388.

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Various composite building products consisting of layers of different physical-mechanical properties being tied rigidly together are manufactured and used in construction. In many cases such products curve, become flaky, crack and their thermo-insulating capability suffers. It occurs because deformation properties are not adjusted, different layers of such products deform differently under the load. And the deformation effects the behaviour of the whole structure. A correct adjustment of deformations can be achieved with allowance for creep of different layers and of the whole composite. Determination of creep parameters—creep coefficient and specific creep—depends on the orientation of layers in respect of the direction of force action. When layers are situated transverselly in respect of the direction of action of forces (stresses), creep parameters of composite depend on creep parameters of materials of separate layers and on relative volumes of these layers. Creep deformations of a composite can be described by equations describing creep of individual layers. Appropriate equations and formulas ((17)-(25)) are presented for determining such deformations. When layers are parallel to the direction of stresses, redistribution of these stresses between layers takes place. Compression stresses increase in a layer with higher modulus of deformation and decrease in that with lower modules. Proposed equations (37)-(42) enable to determine redistribution of stresses between layers, the main creep parameters of composite, their modulus of deformations and creep deformations themselves when strength of a composite product is reached, E(t0)=E(t)=const and stresses produce linear creep. Such loading of a composite product is the most common in practice. Presented formulas ((46), (52)) and diagrams show that it is possible to design a composite building product or material with creep parameters given in advance by means of appropriate distribution of product layers, selecting ratios between layers and properties of materials.

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Luo, Shen-Yi, and Tsu-Wei Chou. "Finite Deformation and Nonlinear Elastic Behavior of Flexible Composites." Journal of Applied Mechanics 55, no. 1 (March 1, 1988): 149–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3173621.

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The flexible composites discussed in this paper are composed of continuous fibers in an elastomeric matrix. The usable range of deformation of these composites is much larger than that of conventional rigid composites. Due to the material as well as geometric factors, the stress-strain relations for these composites are generally nonlinear under finite deformations. A constitutive model has been developed based upon the Eulerian description. The material nonlinear stress-strain relation is derived by using the stress energy density referring to the deformed volume. The stretching-shear coupling and the effects of the in-plane reorientation of fibers are also considered in the theoretical analysis. Comparisons are made between predictions of the present theory and experimental data for tirecord/rubber and Kevlar/silicone-elastomer flexible composite laminae; very good correlations have been found.

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Tuan, Wei-Hsing, and Rong-Zhi Chen. "Interactions between toughening mechanisms: Transformation toughening versus plastic deformation." Journal of Materials Research 17, no. 11 (November 2002): 2921–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2002.0423.

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In this study, the interactions between transformation toughening and plastic stretching were investigated experimentally. Zirconia and metals, nickel or silver, were incorporated simultaneously into an alumina matrix. The extent of phase transformation of zirconia particles was enhanced due to the coexistence of soft metals. The ductility of nickel was also enhanced in the Al2O3–Ni–ZrO2 composites. However, the presence of zirconia particles at the alumina/silver interface reduced the ability of silver to deform plastically. Due to the interactions, the ratio of composite toughness to matrix toughness for the Al2O3–Ni–ZrO2 composite was higher than the product of the ratio of the composites containing only nickel and only zirconia.

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Akhrarovich, Akramov Xusnitdin, Makhkamov Yuldashali Mamajonovich, and Umarov Shodiljon Abdugofurovich. "Development Of Deformations In The Reinforcement Of Beams With Composite Reinforcement." American Journal of Applied sciences 03, no. 05 (May 31, 2021): 196–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.37547/tajas/volume03issue05-31.

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This article describes the results of experimental research equipped with bottleflastic composite fittings in this article and the installation of special devices in the stretching and compressive zones of the sample gaps Musasura through the mass deformations and processed. It contains cases of deformation in the length of composite combination in the bowls under the influence of cargo forms. There is information on the development of voltage and deformations generated in composite fittings. In the article, 3 seaters, with the form of sample bowls in 3 series, provide an experiments conducted on sample culving experiments with the differences in the turn of the transverse steps and placement of cargo.

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Karayaka, M., and P. Kurath. "Deformation and Failure Behavior of Woven Composite Laminates." Journal of Engineering Materials and Technology 116, no. 2 (April 1, 1994): 222–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2904277.

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Conceptually, fabric composites have some structural advantages over conventional laminates. However, deformation and failure analyses become more complex with the additional anisotropy introduced by the weaving geometry. A micromechanistic deformation model, that could realistically be incorporated into structural finite element codes, is proposed where loading direction and weave parameters are allowed to vary. Comparisons are made to previous models and experimental results for woven materials, indicating that the proposed model provides improved estimates for the linear elastic stiffness. The model further provides predictions for internal stresses in the longitudinal, transverse, and interlace regions of the woven laminate which qualitatively correspond to the experimentally observed failure mechanisms. The experimental program investigates deformations behavior and failure mechanisms of 5-harness 0/90 weave Graphite/Epoxy laminates under tension, compression, and 3-point and 4-point bending loading. Under these conditions the woven laminates exhibit orientation dependent mechanical properties and strength.

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Lu, Zheng Jie, and Sen Kai Lu. "Simulations and Experimental Validation of Compression Properties of SiC/Fe–20Cr Co–Continuous Composites." Advanced Materials Research 652-654 (January 2013): 135–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.652-654.135.

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The uniaxial deformation properties of the SiC/Fe–20Cr composite have been studied using the Solidwork simulation software applied the finite element method (FEM). The simulated results have shown that the composites are relatively anisotropy. Fe–20Cr matrix and SiC network ceramic exhibit different mechanical behaviour. The ultimate stress is found near the interface of composites. The configuration of SiC has relatively great influence on intensity and distribution of stress in the composite. The material behaves in a nearly bilinear manner defined by the Young’s modulus and an elastic-plastic modulus. The large deformation appears inside Fe–20Cr matrix. The elastic deformation in the ceramic is accommodated by plastic deformation in the metal phase. Fe–20Cr and SiC can restrict each other to prevent from producing the strain under the load.

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Liu, Ke Ming, Z. Y. Jiang, Yong Hua Wang, Z. B. Chen, Jing Wei Zhao, and De Ping Lu. "Effect of Iron Content on the Strength and Conductivity of Cu-Fe In Situ Composite." Applied Mechanics and Materials 633-634 (September 2014): 63–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.633-634.63.

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Cu-14Fe and Cu-17Fe alloys were produced by casting and processed into in situ composites by hot and cold deformation, and intermediate heat treatment. The microstructures were investigated by using a scanning electron microscope and an optical microscope. The electrical conductivity was evaluated by using a digital micro-ohmmeter. The tensile strength was measured by using an electronic tensile-testing machine. The results show that there are similar cast and deformation microstructures in Cu-14Fe and Cu-17Fe. The tensile strength of deformation-processed Cu-17Fe in situ composite is much higher than that of Cu-14Fe, while the conductivity of deformation-processed Cu-17Fe in situ composite is slightly lower than that of Cu-14Fe at the same cold deformation strain. The Cu-17Fe in situ composite produced by using proper thermo-mechanical processing possesses a good combination of tensile strength and electrical conductivity.

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Ruan, Jiang Tao, Shi Bin Wang, Jing Wei Tong, Min Shen, Francesco Aymerich, and Pierluigi Priolo. "Deformation in Impacted Stitched Composite Plates Subjected to Compressive Load." Advanced Materials Research 393-395 (November 2011): 36–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.393-395.36.

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The study on deformation in impact-damaged graphite-fibre/epoxy stitched composite plates subjected to compressive load is presented. A delaminated cross-ply laminate [03/903]S obtained in low-velocity impact test has been examined using a self-designed anti-buckling device in compressive experiment. The out-of-plane displacement field of the specimen has been measured with an optical whole-filed measurement technique, which is carrier electronic speckle pattern interferometry (carrier-ESPI). Finite element (FE) simulation is also carried out to predict the deformation. The effect of the stitching line on compressive deformation is discussed for various stitched laminates. Finally, the numerical results are compared with experimental measurement deformations under different compressive loads.

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Luo, Shen-Yi, and Faruk Taban. "Deformation of Laminated Elastomer Composites." Rubber Chemistry and Technology 72, no. 1 (March 1, 1999): 212–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.5254/1.3538791.

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Abstract Flexible elastomer composites subjected to finite deformation are usually associated with significant fiber re-orientation and configuration change which cannot be described by classical composite lamination theory. Utilizing the Lagrangian description and a strain-energy density approach, this work presents a set of 2-D constitutive equations in terms of the overall deformation of laminated composites. This model includes both geometric and material nonlinearities of the laminate. Interlaminar shear deformation is addressed but not studied in this analysis. Theoretical predictions have been compared with the available experimental data about symmetric laminates with various fiber orientations in the finite deformation range. Also, a parametric study has been performed under various ratios of biaxial deformation.

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Patham, Bhaskar, and M. P. Poornendu Thejaswini. "A Preliminary Investigation of Ductility-Enhancement Mechanism through In Situ Nanofibrillation in Thermoplastic Matrix Composites." Journal of Polymers 2013 (September 9, 2013): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/424015.

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A preliminary investigation of interrelationships between tensile stress-strain characteristics and morphology evolution during deformation is conducted on a commercially available thermoplastic composite with a low-surface-energy nanofibrillating poly(tetrafluoroethylene) (PTFE) additive. In this class of composites, the deformation-associated nanofibrillation of the low-surface-energy additive has been hypothesized to provide an additional dissipation mechanism, thereby enhancing the ductility of the composite. This class of composites offers potential for automotive light weighting in exterior and interior body and fascia applications; it is therefore of interest to investigate processing-structure-property interrelationships in these materials. This study specifically probes the interrelationships between the plastic deformation within the matrix and the fibrillation of the low-surface-energy additive; tensile tests are carried out at two different temperatures which are chosen so as to facilitate and suppress plastic deformation within the matrix polymer. Based on these preliminary investigations, it is noted that PTFE fibrillation acts synergistically with the ductile deformation of the matrix resin resulting in higher strains to failure of the composite; the results also suggest that the mechanism of fibrillation-assisted enhancement of strains to failure may not operate in the absence of matrix plasticity.

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Shikula, E. "NONLENEAR DEFORMATION OF GRANULAR COMPOSITES." Collection of scientific works of the State University of Infrastructure and Technologies series "Transport Systems and Technologies", no. 36 (December 30, 2020): 121–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.32703/2617-9040-2020-36-13.

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The model of nonlinear deformation of a layered material with physically nonlinear layers is proposed. The laminate is considered a two-component material with random layers. The basis is the stochastic differential equations of the physically nonlinear theory of elasticity L.P. Khoroshun. The solution to the problem of the stress-strain state and effective properties of the composite material is constructed by the averaging method. An algorithm for determining the effective deformable properties of a layered material with physically nonlinear layers has been developed. The solution of nonlinear equations taking into account their physical nonlinearity is constructed by an iterative method. The law of the relationship between macrostresses and macrostrains in a layered material and the dependence of average strains and stresses in its layers on macrostrains has been established. Curves of material deformation are plotted for different values of the volumetric content of its filler. The dependence of the effective deformative properties of the laminated material on the volumetric content of the filler has been studied. The effect of nonlinearity of layers on the deformation of a layered composite material is investigated. It was found that the nonlinearity of the layers significantly affects the effective deformative properties and the stress-strain state of laminated materials.

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Bhowmik, Rahul, Kalpana S. Katti, and Dinesh R. Katti. "Influence of Mineral on the Load Deformation Behavior of Polymer in Hydroxyapatite-Polyacrylic Acid Nanocomposite Biomaterials: A Steered Molecular Dynamics Study." Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology 8, no. 4 (April 1, 2008): 2075–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jnn.2008.18267.

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Composites of hydroxyapatite and polymers are widely studied for bone replacement. To perform satisfactorily in the human body, these composites need to be biocompatible and exhibit optimum mechanical properties. The load-deformation behavior of composites is often investigated using experimental techniques. However, the molecular mechanisms of load deformation behavior are not clearly understood. We have used Steered Molecular Dynamics to evaluate the load-deformation behavior at interfaces in polyacrylic acid-hydroxyapatite (HAP) composite models. The polymer is pulled at constant velocity in close proximity of HAP. On comparing the results obtained for deformation behavior of polymer in vicinity of mineral and in the absence of mineral, it was found that energy required to pull the polymer in close proximity of HAP is significantly higher. Also, structural details of the load transfer mechanisms in composite were investigated under both conditions. Our simulations indicate that there is a significant role of mineral-polymer interactions on the mechanical response of polymer.

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Dai, Shihan, Zeyu Bian, Mingliang Wang, Yi Wu, Dong Chen, Hongping Li, and Haowei Wang. "The High-Temperature Creep Behavior of In-Situ TiB2 Particulate Reinforced Al12Si4Cu2NiMg Composite." Metals 8, no. 11 (November 7, 2018): 917. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met8110917.

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In the present work, the in-situ TiB2/Al12Si4Cu2NiMg (denoted as ‘Al-12Si’) composites were successful synthesized through the salt-metal reaction route. The influences of weight fraction (0, 4, and 9 wt.%) and heat treatment (T5 and T7) on the tensile creep deformation were studied at ≥623 K under constant load in air. At the investigated temperature and stress condition, TiB2 particles increased creep deformation resistance, as compared to the unreinforced alloy, while the composites presented similar strength when the weight fraction of reinforcement increased from 4% to 9%. It was found that the steady-state creep rate was lower in the 4 wt.% TiB2/Al-12Si composite (T5), as compared with that in the 4 wt.% TiB2/Al-12Si composite (T7). The result has been rationalized by using the load-partitioning model and relative to the evolution of the rigid phase. The creep deformation of the 4 wt.% TiB2/Al-12Si composite was controlled by the climb of dislocations in the aluminum alloy matrix.

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Yang, Xue Rui, Bao Hong Tian, Yi Zhang, and Yong Liu. "Hot Deformation Behavior of Multi-Size Al₂O₃ Particles Dispersion Strengthened Copper Base Composite." Advanced Materials Research 721 (July 2013): 270–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.721.270.

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The multi-size Al2O3 particles dispersion strengthened copper base composite (i.e. Al2O3/Cu-0.6%Al2O3 composite) was prepared by the vacuum hot-press sintering-internal oxidizing method. The hot deformation behavior of Al2O3/Cu-0.6%Al2O3 composite was investigated by the isothermal compression tests at the temperature range from 600°C to 950°C and strain rates of 0.001 s-1 and 1s-1 respectively with a Gleeble-1500D thermal simulator system. The results show that the flow stress-strain curves of Al2O3/Cu-0.6%Al2O3 composites indicate the softening mechanism of recrystallization. The flow stress increases with the deformation strain increasing, then decreases and tends to be steady. The hot deformation activation energy is calculated as 116.46 kJ/mol for the Al2O3/Cu-0.6%Al2O3 composite. The strain-stress constitutive equation is established on the basis of above results.

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Luo, J. J., and I. M. Daniel. "Deformation of Inhomogeneous Elastic Solids With Two-Dimensional Damage." Journal of Applied Mechanics 68, no. 4 (January 1, 2001): 528–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1380384.

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A general correlation is derived between macroscopic stresses/strains and microscopic deformation on the damage surfaces for inhomogeneous elastic solids with two-dimensional damage. Assuming linear elastic behavior for the undamaged materials, the macroscopic deformation associated with nonlinear strains, or damage strains, is shown to be the weighted sum of the microscopic deformations on the damage surfaces. For inhomogeneous materials with periodic structures (laminated composites, for example) and various identifiable damage modes, simple relations are derived between the macroscopic deformation and microscopic damage. When the number of identifiable damage modes is less than or equal to the number of relevant measurable macroscopic strains, the correlation can be used to evaluate the damage progression from simple macroscopic stress and strain measurements. The simple case of a unidirectional fiber-reinforced composite under longitudinal load is used to show how the results can help detect and characterize the damage using macroscopic measurements, without resorting to assumptions of detailed microscopic deformation mechanisms.

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Sháněl, Vít, and Miroslav Španiel. "Composite Absorber in Collision Simulations of a Bus." Journal of Middle European Construction and Design of Cars 15, no. 1 (June 27, 2017): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/mecdc-2017-0001.

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Abstract This paper details the numerical modeling of composite absorbers and an assessment of the influence of such deformation elements on a bus during frontal collision with a car. The absorber itself is designed as an assembly of thin-walled composite wound tubes oriented in the vehicle direction of travel. During the impact the tubes are crushed, causing energy absorption. Crash simulations were performed at various speeds using differing scenarios with the deformational member as well as without it. Comparative diagrams of force and velocity of the car and deformation of the bus structure were assessed

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Chan, K. C., and J. Liang. "Effect of Microstructures on Deformation Behaviour of Aluminium Matrix Composites in Laser Bending." Textures and Microstructures 34, no. 1 (January 1, 2000): 43–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/tsm.34.43.

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It is well known that the mechanical and deformation properties of metal matrix composites (MMCs) are related to their microstructures. However, less work has been carried out in laser bending to examine the dependency of microstructures of MMCs on deformation behaviour. In this paper, two aluminium-based metal matrix composites, Al2009/20 vol% SiCw and Al2009/20 vol% SiCp were investigated. A YAG laser was used to scan the composites both parallel and perpendicular to their rolling directions. It was reported that under the same processing conditions, a larger bending angle was obtained for the Al2009/SiCp composite. No significant change in microstructures was observed for both composites after bending. Experimental findings also revealed that for the particulate reinforced composite, a larger laser bending angle was obtained when the laser scanning direction was perpendicular to the rolling direction, whereas no significant difference was observed for the Al2009/SiCw composite. These phenomena were shown to relate to the shape and distribution of reinforcements.

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Ding, Boxiong, J. L. Ding, Stephen D. Antolovich, and S. C. Cho. "Effect of Fabrication Processes on the Deformation and Fracture Behaviour of Sic/Al Composites." Advanced Composites Letters 11, no. 4 (July 2002): 096369350201100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/096369350201100403.

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The purpose of this research is to investigate the effects of microstructural parameters as a result of three different processing methods on the deformation and fracture properties of SiC/Al composites. The influences of heat treatment are also investigated. It was found that without heat treatment, the SiC reinforcement phase significantly improved the strength of the composite compared to the Al matrix material. However, the strengths of the heat-treated composites were roughly in the same range as those of heat-treated Al alloy. The ball-milled composite has higher strength, but lower fracture toughness compared to the powder and flake composites. Between the latter two, the powder composite has higher toughness.

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Sokołowski, Damian, Marcin Kamiński, and Artur Wirowski. "Energy Fluctuations in the Homogenized Hyper-Elastic Particulate Composites with Stochastic Interface Defects." Energies 13, no. 8 (April 17, 2020): 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13082011.

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The principle aim of this study is to analyze deformation energy of hyper-elastic particulate composites, which is the basis for their further probabilistic homogenization. These composites have some uncertain interface defects, which are modelled as small semi-spheres with random radius and with bases positioned on the particle-matrix interface. These defects are smeared into thin layer of the interphase surrounding the reinforcing particle introduced as the third component of this composite. Matrix properties are determined from the experimental tests of Laripur LPR 5020 High Density Polyurethane (HDPU). It is strengthened with the Carbon Black particles of spherical shape. The Arruda–Boyce potential has been selected for numerical experiments as fitting the best stress-strain curves for the matrix behavior. A homogenization procedure is numerically implemented using the cubic Representative Volume Element (RVE). Spherical particle is located centrally, and computations of deformation energy probabilistic characteristics are carried out using the Iterative Stochastic Finite Element Method (ISFEM). This ISFEM is implemented in the algebra system MAPLE 2019 as dual approach based upon the stochastic perturbation method and, independently, upon a classical Monte-Carlo simulation, and uniform uniaxial deformations of this RVE are determined in the system ABAQUS and its 20-noded solid hexahedral finite elements. Computational experiments include initial deterministic numerical error analysis and the basic probabilistic characteristics, i.e., expectations, deviations, skewness and kurtosis of the deformation energy. They are performed for various expected values of the defects volume fraction. We analyze numerically (1) if randomness of homogenized deformation energy can correspond to the normal distribution, (2) how variability of the interface defects volume fraction affects the deterministic and stochastic characteristics of composite deformation energy and (3) whether the stochastic perturbation method is efficient in deformation energy computations (and in FEM analysis) of hyper-elastic media.

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Zhao, Yong Li. "The Analytical Characterization of Nonlinear Strain Rate Dependent Triaxial Braided Composites." Applied Mechanics and Materials 251 (December 2012): 455–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.251.455.

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The polymer constitutive equations are implemented within strength of materials based micromechanics method to predict the nonlinear, strain rate dependent deformation of polymer matrix composites. Based on the constitutive polymer model developed by Goldberg, nonlinear strain rate dependent triaxial braided composite has been analyzed. To verify the formulation, the tensile deformations of a representative polymer are computed across a wide range of strain rates. Results computed using the developed constitutive equations correlate well with experimental data.

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Li, Pan, and Yu Xi Jia. "Numerical Analysis on the Cure-Induced Deformation of Fiber Composite Laminates." Key Engineering Materials 575-576 (September 2013): 183–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.575-576.183.

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During the cure process of fiber reinforced resin matrix composites, the residual stress and deformation can be generated. The cure-dependent elastic model, which is the earliest constructed and the simplified form of the viscoelastic model, is most universally applied to the finite element analysis on the cure-induced deformation. However, stress relaxation and creep are the unique properties of resin matrix composites, which can affect the residual stress and deformation in some degrees. In this study, both the elastic model and the viscoelastic model were used to predict the residual stress and deformation of fiber composite laminates by means of the finite element method, and then a comparison between them was made. The results show that the difference between them decreases with the increase of fiber volume fraction or the decrease of resin curing shrinkage.

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Zhang, Guiming, Jihui Wang, and Aiqing Ni. "Process-Induced Stress and Deformation of Variable-Stiffness Composite Cylinders during Curing." Materials 12, no. 2 (January 14, 2019): 259. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12020259.

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Predicting and controlling process-induced deformation of composites during cure can play a significant role in ensuring the accuracy of manufacture and assembly of composite structures. In this paper the parametric investigation on the process-induced stress and deformation of variable-stiffness composite cylinders was presented. The Kamal model was used to simulate the cure kinetic for carbon/ epoxy prepreg. A cure hardening instantaneously linear elastic (CHILE) constitutive model was adopted to determine the modulus of matrix resin. Self-consistent micro-mechanical models were employed to represent the mechanical properties and behaviors of the lamina. The three-dimensional model of a variable-stiffness composite cylinder was established using a linear fiber angle variation. The influence of the inner radius, the fiber end angle and the thickness on the stress and deformation of the variable-stiffness cylinder was evaluated using ABAQUS. The results show that the maximum stress increases with increases of the inner radius, the fiber end angle and the thickness. The inner radius of the cylinder have little effect on deformation, the deformation increases as the fiber end angle and the thickness increases. The present model and method can provide a useful tool for prediction of variable-stiffness composite cylinders.

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USAMI, Tetsu, Hirofumi Kaneko, Kenji YAMAZAKI, Nobuo NAKAYAMA, and Takeshi KATAYAMA. "DEFORMATION PERFORMANCE OF COMPOSITE STEEL BEAM." Journal of Structural and Construction Engineering (Transactions of AIJ) 76, no. 668 (2011): 1847–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.3130/aijs.76.1847.

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ISHIZAKI, Hitoshi. "Deformation of composite ground during consolidation." Doboku Gakkai Ronbunshu, no. 457 (1992): 137–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.2208/jscej.1992.457_137.

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Wolff, Ernest G., Hong Chen, and Darrell W. Oakes. "Hygrothermal Deformation of Composite Sandwich Panels." Advanced Composites Letters 9, no. 1 (January 2000): 096369350000900. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/096369350000900104.

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Coefficients of thermal and moisture expansion (CTE and CME) can be predicted for many composite laminates and sandwich panels. Core and adhesive properties, such as geometry and stiffness are important variables. Laminate theory is augmented with a modified model for anisotropic core properties to predict the CTE and CME of sandwich panels. Procedures to measure both CTE and CME are described. Since these are thermodynamic properties, methods to obtain equilibrium moisture strains are needed. Results are given for CFRP facesheets with Al and NOMEX honeycomb cores, and for woven Kevlar facesheets with Al cores. Agreement with predictions is good and depends highly on knowledge of properties of all constituents.

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Eremina, N. A., and A. A. Baryakh. "Elastoplastic deformation of a multilayer composite." Mechanics of Composite Materials 30, no. 6 (1995): 519–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00821267.

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Hao, Shi Ming, and Jing Pei Xie. "Hot Deformation Behaviors of SiCp/Al Composites." Advanced Materials Research 1058 (November 2014): 165–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1058.165.

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The hot deformation behaviors of 30%SiCp/2024 aluminum alloy composites was studied by hot compression tests using Gleeble-1500 thermomechanical simulator at temperatures ranging from 350-500°C under strain rates of 0.01-10 s-1. The true stress-true strain curves were obtained in the tests. Constitutive equation and processing map were established. The results show that the flow stress decreases with the increase of deformation temperature at a constant strain rate, and increases with the increase of strain rate at constant temperature, indicating that composite is a positive strain rate sensitive material. The flow stress behavior of composite during hot compression deformation can be represented by a Zener-Hollomon parameter in the hyperbolic sine form. Its activation energy for hot deformation Q is 183.251 kJ/mol. The optimum hot working conditions for this material are suggested.

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Reihanian, M., M. Dashtbozorg, and SM Lari Baghal. "Fabrication of glass/carbon fiber-reinforced Al-based composites through deformation bonding." Journal of Composite Materials 53, no. 18 (February 26, 2019): 2531–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021998319833004.

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The goal of the present study is to fabricate the short fiber-reinforced metal matrix composites by accumulative roll bonding. Various mixtures of fibers including 100 glass, 95 glass/5 carbon and 80 glass/20 carbon (all in wt.%) were used as the reinforcement. In order to investigate the bonding quality at layer interface, the composites with various fiber mixtures were produced by cold roll bonding. The bonding strength of the composites under different processing conditions including the fiber mixture, reduction in thickness and post-rolling annealing was measured by the peeling test. The 95 glass/5 carbon mixture was used to fabricate the fiber-reinforced composite through accumulative roll bonding. The fiber distribution, tensile properties and wear behavior of the composite were investigated at various numbers of accumulative roll bonding cycle. It was found that during accumulative roll bonding, the fiber clusters were broken and fragmented into smaller pieces. Results showed that the tensile strength and wear resistance of the composite enhanced with increasing the number of accumulative roll bonding cycles.

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He, Ji Lin, Yun Rong Ma, Dong Li, Yao Tan, and Lei Xu. "Numerical Simulation of Curing Deformation of Thermosetting Resin Matrix Composite Curved Structure." Applied Mechanics and Materials 684 (October 2014): 145–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.684.145.

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The evolutions of physical properties of composites during the curing process of the carbon fibre reinforced resin composite, such as density, modulus, coefficient of thermal expansion, specific heat capacity and thermal conductivity, were analyzed and those evolutions were introduced into the numerical simulation. The new approach to construct the curvilinear coordinate system by streamline equation of steady flow was proposed with the complex curved structure composite as the study object. By using the finite-element method and building the curvilinear coordinate system, the distribution of internal temperature, degree of cure, internal stresses and evolutions of physical properties during the curing process of the composite skin plate of a light aircraft wing were calculated. The deformation of the skin plate caused by the uneven distributions of temperature field and cure degree field, anisotropic thermal expansion coefficients and volumetric shrinkage of resin were calculated in the same model. From the numerical simulation results, it can be concluded that the curing process will be more reasonable and more accurate when the evolutions of physical properties of composites are adopted and the curvilinear coordinate system constructed by streamline equation of steady flow is fully applicable to finite element analysis of composite curved structure.

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Gurulev, D. N., L. V. Palatkina, and I. L. Gonik. "On Deformation Powers of the Explosion Welded and Rolled Titanium-Aluminium Composite." Solid State Phenomena 265 (September 2017): 702–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.265.702.

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Received by explosion welding titanium-aluminum billet can be subjected to various operations of metals processing by pressure, which results in change of metals mechanical properties and the arrangement of the layers. The work investigated the influence of temperature on the deformation ability of titanium-aluminum layer composites by rolling. It is revealed that the deformation capacity of the layered titanium-aluminum composite is determined by the plastic properties of aluminum layers at the temperature of rolling. At 450 °C a sharp increase in strain capacity of titanium-aluminum composite is revealed.

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Hu, Hui E., and Liang Zhen. "Effect of Hot Rolling Deformation on Superplastic Deformation Behavior of TiN_P/2014Al Composite." Advanced Materials Research 264-265 (June 2011): 90–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.264-265.90.

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1.5 mm, 0.7 mm and 0.3 mm thicknesses TiNP/2014Al composite sheets were obtained by hot rolling deformation carried out on as-extruded TiNP/2014Al composite rod. The effect of hot rolling deformation on high strain rate superplastic deformation behavior of the composite was researched by tensile experiment, OM, and SEM. Results show that 0.7mm thickness TiNP/2014Al composite sheet can gain the maximum elongation of 351% at 818 K and 3.3×10-1 s-1, and the m value is 0.43. The optimum strain rate increases with decreasing thickness of the TiNP/2014Al composite sheets. Flow stress and work hardening ability show contrary change tendency to optimum strain rate. The 0.7 mm thickness TiNP/2014Al composite sheet has medium flow resistance stress and shows excellent stability of plastic flow. Fracture surfaces show that the main superplastic deformation mechanism of the TiNP/2014Al composite includes in grain boundary sliding. Subgrain boundary sliding maybe another superplastic deformation mechanism.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Composite deformation'

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