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Journal articles on the topic 'Composite beams'
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1
Zhao, Wei Jian, Jia Xin Tong, Shen Ming Yuan, and Ye Nan Guo. "Research Progress on Reinforced Concrete Composite Beam in China." Applied Mechanics and Materials 584-586 (July 2014): 939–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.584-586.939.
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Reinforced concrete composite beam plays a very important role in the precast concrete structure, composite beam research is critical. Based on the research results about it in China, on the one hand, from the traditional composite beams to the improved ones, the various kinds of composite beams were concluded; on the other hand, the applications of new building materials in the composite beams had been included, which included fiber reinforced cement-based composites, steel fiber reinforced concrete, reactive powder concrete and crumb rubber concrete. Through to the both related tests and theoretical studies, the progress of the composite beams was summarized. Finally, the further research was prospected.
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Duan, Junyi, Huaixiao Yan, Chengcheng Tao, Xingyu Wang, Shanyue Guan, and Yuxin Zhang. "Integration of Finite Element Analysis and Machine Learning for Assessing the Spatial-Temporal Conditions of Reinforced Concrete." Buildings 15, no. 3 (January 30, 2025): 435. https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings15030435.
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Composite reinforcements are attracting attention in the reinforced concrete (RC) field for their high corrosion resistance, low thermal conductivity, and low electromagnetic interference behavior. However, compared to metallic reinforcements, composites are less ductile and may lead to brittle failure. Three-point flexural tests provide information on the mechanical behavior of metal- and composite-reinforced concrete beams with distinct crack patterns. The structural conditions and failure mechanisms can be defined based on stress change and crack propagation. This study employs finite element analysis (FEA) to simulate the mechanical responses of composite- and metal-reinforced concrete beans under three-point flexural tests and predict the crack propagation in the beams. Machine learning-based algorithms are trained using FEA data to assess the spatial–temporal conditions of the RC beams. The findings indicate that composite rebars provide better reinforcement than metallic rebars in terms of stress fields (30.27% less stress in composite rebars) and crack propagation (fewer cracks in composite RC beams), with the initiation of shear cracks and maximum von Mises stress in rebars being correlated. The findings highlight the effectiveness of the Random Forest Regression (RFR) algorithm (R2=0.96) in assessing RC beam conditions under flexural loads, offering insights for efficient industry applications.
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Endriatno, Nanang. "Experimental Investigation on Vibration Responses of Fiberglass Reinforced Plastic." International Journal of Engineering and Computer Science 10, no. 4 (April 26, 2021): 25316–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.18535/ijecs/v10i4.4575.
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The purpose of this study is to analyze the vibration displacement on fiberglass reinforced plastic beams with variations a number of fibers in the resin matrix. Composite beams was made of fiberglass and polyester resin matrix with a number of fiberglass: 0, 24, and 48. Composite beams was manufactured by hand lay-up method with the unidirectional fiber orientation. The composite beams used have the dimension of length: 500 mm, height: 20 mm, and width: 20 mm. During the experimental test, the beam was vibrated using an exciter motor which was placed at the end of the cantilever support then using a vibration meter, the vibration displacement data (mm) was measured by placing the vibration transducer postions : 50 mm, 250 mm, and 450 mm from the cantilever support. During the vibration test, the vibration displacement data on the vibration meter screen were recorded using a camera recorder and the data was taken 6 times at each of measurement points. The experimental and analysis results show that the value of vibration displacement (mm) decreases when the fiberglass is added to the composite beam, or in other words, the addition of fiberglass provides an increase in the ability of the beam to withstand vibrations. The maximum vibration displacement value on composites with 0 fiberglass: 0.641 mm, then the vibration displacement decreased in composites with 24 fiberglass: 0.506 mm and the lowest displacement value for the composites with 48 fiberglass: 0.395 mm. Whereas for 3 measurement points at positions 5 cm, 25 cm, and 45 cm along the beam for three kind of the composites, the maximum value of vibration displacement value was obtained at the end of beam composites or at 45 cm from cantilever support: 0.735 mm on composite beam with 0 fiberglass and minimum at position 5 cm near the cantilever support with the value of vibration displacement: 0.323 mm on composite beam with 48 fiberglass.
4
Al-Thabhawee, Hayder Wafi. "Experimental investigation of composite steel–concrete beams using symmetrical and asymmetrical castellated beams." Curved and Layered Structures 9, no. 1 (January 1, 2022): 227–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/cls-2022-0019.
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Abstract This study aims to investigate the behavior of concrete slabs acting compositely with symmetrical and asymmetrical castellated beams. Stud connectors are used to connect the concrete slab and steel section. The use of castellated steel beams to build up composite steel-concrete beams is now common practice in building construction. Five simply supported composite beams were examined under two-point loading. Two specimens built up from standard steel beams were used as control specimens and three specimens were built up from castellated steel beams. One of these specimens was built up using a castellated steel beam with an asymmetrical cross-section fabricated from two different standard sections (IPE120/HEA120). The concrete slab of all composite specimens had the same dimensions and properties. The experimental results showed that strength and rigidity were considerably greater for composite castellated steel beams compared to composite beams built up from the parent sections. The ultimate load capacity of a composite castellated beam fabricated from an IPE120 section was 46% greater than that of a composite beam built up using the parent beam, and the ultimate load capacity of a composite castellated beam fabricated from a wide-flanged HEA120 section resulted in an increase of 21% over the parent beam control specimen. The ultimate load capacity of the composite specimen built up using the asymmetrical castellated beam (IPE120/HEA120) achieved increases of 69% and 12%, respectively, compared to the control specimens built up from standard sections.
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Song, Xingyu, Yan Liu, Xiaodong Fu, Hongwei Ma, and Xiaolun Hu. "Experimental Study on Flexural Behaviour of Prestressed Specified Density Concrete Composite Beams." Sustainability 14, no. 22 (November 8, 2022): 14727. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su142214727.
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To solve the problem of poor seismic resistance due to the disadvantages of traditional concrete composite beams, such as heavy self-weight in prefabricated buildings, prestressed specified-density concrete composite beams are proposed herein. First, a mix ratio test of specified-density concrete was performed. Second, five prestressed specified-density composite beams, a prestressed ordinary concrete composite beam, and a prestressed semi lightweight concrete cast-in-situ beam were tested. The influence of the precast concrete height, reinforcement ratio, and concrete materials on the failure mechanism, flexural bearing capacity, and short-term stiffness of the composite beams were analysed. From the results, the specified-density concrete composite beams and the ordinary composite beam had similar ultimate bearing capacities, but the average distance between crack spacings of the former was smaller. The precast concrete height affected the bending performance of the prestressed specified density concrete composite beam insignificantly, but the maximum ultimate bearing capacity of the composite beam could be increased by 35.6% by increasing the reinforcement ratio. The composite beam and the cast-in-place beam exhibited similar load-carrying capabilities and deformation properties. The average crack spacing, cracking load, and ultimate load value of the specified density concrete composite beams calculated according to the China national standard “Code for design of concrete structures” were consistent with the measured values.
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Umer Sial, Sardar, and M. Iqbal Khan. "Performance of Strain hardening cementitious composite as strengthening and protective overlay in flexural members." MATEC Web of Conferences 199 (2018): 09005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201819909005.
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Strain-hardening cementitious composites (SHCC) are advanced type of cement-based composite materials having superior crack control and tensile properties. Owing to such characteristics, SHCC can be used for strengthening and crack-width control of structural members. This paper presents a study on the flexural response of reinforced concrete (RC) beams with different overlays of SHCC. The work consists of RC-SHCC overlay beams, in which SHCC overlays of different thicknesses (15% and 30% of beam height, plus cover) and reinforcement ratios (0% and 0.4%) were cast at the bottom of the RC beams. The performance of the RC-SHCC overlay beams was compared with control RC beams having concrete overlays of similar parameters. A series of eight laboratory-scale control and composite beam specimens were tested under four-point bending test. From the experimental results, it was observed that RC-SHCC overlay beams showed improved flexural capacity and crack control as compared to that of control beams. The beams with unreinforced SHCC overlays showed significant improvement at service stage, while beams with reinforced SHCC overlays showed significant improvement at peak stage. The SHCC overlay beams without reinforcement have showed improved ductility as compared to control beams with concrete overlays. Additionally, the SHCC overlays performed as a protective layer for controlling the crack widths in the composite beams.
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Syaiful, Syaiful, and Randis Randis. "Experimental and Numerical Investigation of Fiber Direction on The Vibration Properties of Ananas Comosus Leaf Reinforced Epoxy Composite Beams." Journal of Fibers and Polymer Composites 2, no. 2 (October 30, 2023): 130–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.55043/jfpc.v2i2.74.
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Technological evolution and environmental awareness have driven the improvement of quality and renewable products, especially in natural fiber-reinforced composites. This study aims to analyze the stiffness and personal frequency of ACL fiber-reinforced composite beams due to the influence of the fiber direction. Next, compare experimental values with numerical. Composite beams are produced by varying the direction of the fibers 0°/0°/0°, -45°/0°/45° and -90°/0°/90° then supported by a simple support (clamp-roll). The exciter position is placed at 0-50 cm along the composite beam, then determine the value of stiffness and vibration behavior experimentally and numerically. This research indicates an increase in the stiffness and personal frequency of composite beams in the fiber direction 0°/0°/0°. The experimental values are also greater when compared to the values obtained numerically. These findings make it possible to use ACL fiber to manufacture composite beams with vibration-enabled characteristics for various applications in engineering materials subject to vibrational forces
8
Wang, Boxin, Ruichang Fang, and Qing Wang. "Flexural Behavior of Fiber-Reinforced Self-Stressing Concrete T-Shaped Composite Beams." Advances in Civil Engineering 2020 (June 24, 2020): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8810440.
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Given the excellent crack resistance performance of steel fiber-reinforced self-stressing concrete (SFRSSC), the bending performance of some composite beams with SFRSSC laminated layers was studied. The experiment conducted in this study comprised a single-span composite beam test (including 3 test beams) and a two-span continuous composite beam test (including 2 test beams). All the test beams were T-shaped. The cracking load, yielding load, and ultimate load of all the test beams were recorded and comparatively analyzed. Experimental results showed that the cracking load of the test beam with an SFRSSC laminated layer is significantly increased. Mechanical analysis and numerical simulation of the test beams were conducted, and the obtained results agreed well with the experimental results. The composite beams under different working conditions were also numerically simulated. Through the simulation, reasonable ranges of precompressive stress and length of the SFRSSC laminated layer at intermediate support of continuous composite beam were obtained.
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Han, Xiaoli, Jian Dai, Wei Qian, Zhaoyang Zhu, and Baolong Li. "Effects of dowels on the mechanical properties of wooden composite beams in ancient timber structures." BioResources 16, no. 4 (August 27, 2021): 6891–909. http://dx.doi.org/10.15376/biores.16.4.6891-6909.
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In order to provide more accurate suggestions for the restoration of ancient timber buildings, five types of specimens were designed for static loading tests. The tree species used for the specimens was larch. The wooden composite beams were composed of purlins, tie plates, and fangs. The study analyzed the effects of the number and position of dowels on the mechanical behaviors of wooden composite beams in ancient timber buildings. The bending moment, slippage, strain of the wooden composite beams under the deflection of the beam allowed according to code, and the ultimate bearing capacity of the wooden column composite beams under failure conditions were examined. The test results showed that the dowels could improve the bending capacity of the wooden composite beams. The even distribution of the dowels was beneficial in reducing the sliding effect of the wooden composite beams. Under the amount of deflection allowed by the code, the mid-span section strain along the height of the wooden composite beam approximately conformed to the plane section assumption. The wooden composite beam still had bending capacity after each member failed. The results of this study illustrated that dowels improved the overall mechanical properties of the wooden composite beams.
10
Jiang, Yu Chen, Xia Min Hu, and Huai Dong Yan. "Experimental Investigation on Bending Performance of Steel-Concrete Composite Slim Beams." Key Engineering Materials 853 (July 2020): 182–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.853.182.
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In this paper, the mechanical behavior of steel-concrete composite slim beams was investigated by experiments, and the influence of sectional dimension of steel beams on the bending stiffness and flexural capacity of composite slim beams was evaluated. Test results show that good cooperative performance can be achieved in steel-concrete composite slim beams and the relative slip between steel and concrete is very small. The steel-concrete slim beam presents considerable deformation ability beyond the service stage, which indicates that the composite slim beam has good ductility. In addition, sectional dimension of steel beams is proved to have significant influence on both the bending stiffness and flexural capacity of composite slim beams.
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Maaroof, Atyaf Abdul Azeez, Jasim Ali Abdullah, and Suhaib Yahya Kasim. "Performance of Steel Perforated and Partially-Encased Composite Self-Connected Beams." Jurnal Kejuruteraan 34, no. 4 (July 30, 2022): 703–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jkukm-2022-34(4)-18.
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The self-connected partially encased composite beams may be used rather than the conventional composite beams; those are connected by the concrete passing through the web-openings of the perforated profiles which works as shear connectors. This technique minimizes the construction cost and enhances the load carrying capacity and ductility of this kind of structures better than the perforated steel beams. The presented work investigates the performance of perforated steel and partially-encased composited self-connected simply supported beams applied to three-points of loading. The effect of the openings shape and the presence of concrete on the performance of the beams are investigated by testing eight specimens of perforated steel and composite beams. The openings’ shapes of perforated steel profiles and composite beams were square, rectangular and circular. The solid steel profiles are taken as control beams in both exposed and encased specimens. The composite beam constructed using perforated steel profile with square openings was reinforced with conventional reinforcement, and setting its stirrups passing through the openings to improve the self connection. The failure modes, strain behaviours, and load-deflection curves were extensively discussed. The composite beams reinforced with perforated steel profiles exhibit higher composite performance than that reinforced with solid profiles. The concrete encasement improved the local deformation performance of the perforated steel profiles (50-300%), leading to a more ductile behaviour and a higher dissipation of energy. The square openings provide higher connectivity than other shapes due to the better arrangement of openings and presence of reinforced concrete.
12
HUANG, C. W., and Y. H. SU. "DYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS OF PARTIAL COMPOSITE BEAMS." International Journal of Structural Stability and Dynamics 08, no. 04 (December 2008): 665–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219455408002946.
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This paper is concerned with the dynamic characteristics of composite beams with partial shear connections. The governing equations of motion for partial composite beams are derived from the one-dimensional partial composite beam theory. By solving the corresponding characteristic equation, the natural frequencies and modal shapes for simple partial composite beams are obtained. The orthogonality condition between the natural modes is utilized to decouple the equations of motion. Closed-form solution for the simple partial composite beam subjected to a moving load is derived by the modal superposition method. Key parameters that govern the fundamental frequency and deflection impact factor of simple partial composite beams are identified. Numerical results show that the former is controlled by the composite connection and section combination parameters, and the latter by the fundamental frequency ratio. It was observed that the time-history response of a partial composite beam may differ significantly from that of a full composite beam in terms of amplitude, period, and overall shape, depending on the composition connection.
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Waleed Kh. Hadi and May J. Hamoodi. "Experimental Study on Composite Beams with Circular Web Openings." University of Thi-Qar Journal for Engineering Sciences 5, no. 1 (June 1, 2014): 43–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.31663/utjes.v5i1.611.
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The behavior of composite beams with circular web openings is described. Four composite beams comprising one control beam were tested. The perforated beams have six circular openings with various locations. Opening size was fixed (66.7% of the steel section web depth) while number of openings in each composite beam was varied. Deflections at midspan and at openings were observed. Cracking of concrete slab and behavior of each opening were explained in detail. Tests indicated that circular web opening reduced the strength of composite beams. The behavior of composite beams relatively unaffected by the presence of circular web openings up to first yield. Less effect for the inclusion of circular web openings located out of midspan. The concrete slab has limited contribution to the strength of composite beams with circular web openings.
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Lu, Tingting, Kai Guan, and Haowei Jin. "Experimental Study on Bending Performance of High-Performance Fiber-Reinforced Cement Composite Prefabricated Monolithic Composite Beams." Buildings 13, no. 7 (July 10, 2023): 1744. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings13071744.
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To enhance the mechanical properties and damage resistance of prefabricated monolithic composite beams, this study introduces HPFRCC precast mold shells as a replacement for ordinary concrete in the construction of prefabricated monolithic composite beams. These HPFRCC precast mold shell prefabricated monolithic composite beam members are then subjected to experimental investigations to analyze their flexural properties. The results of the study indicate that the U–shaped HPFRCC precast mold shell exhibits excellent bonding with the post-cast concrete, with no significant peeling observed. Moreover, compared to ordinary cast-in-place monolithic RC beams, the HPFRCC/RC prefabricated monolithic composite beams demonstrate a 17.2% increase in peak load and a 24.55% increase in yield load. Similarly, the HPFRCC/RC prefabricated monolithic composite beams show an 8.1% increase in peak load and a 5.59% increase in yield load compared to ordinary RC composite beams. In comparison to both ordinary cast-in-place monolithic RC beams and ordinary RC composite beams, the cracks observed in the HPFRCC/RC prefabricated monolithic composite beams are denser and finer, with a smaller crack development rate and width. These findings suggest that the incorporation of HPFRCC materials improves the damage resistance of the beam members.
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Hashim, Hayder A., and Alaa H. Al-Zuhairi. "Effect of External Post-Tensioning Strengthening Technique on Flexural Capacity of Simple Supported Composite Castellated Beam." E3S Web of Conferences 318 (2021): 03006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202131803006.
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This research is carried out to study the effect of the external post-tensioning technique on the flexural capacity of simply supported composite castellated beam experimentally. In this research, seven composite castellated beams having the same dimensions and material properties were cast and tested up to failure by applied two concentrated loads at 700 mm from each end. Two external strands of 12.7 mm diameter were fixed at each side of the web of strengthening beams and located at depth 180 mm from top fiber of the section (dps) at each end of the beam. The strands have been tensioned by using a hydraulic jack with a constant stress of 100 MPa. This research aims to study the effect of the strengthening by different shapes of strand profiles of external post-tensioning techniques on the flexural capacity of the composite castellated beam. These beams were divided into three groups. Each group contained two composite castellated beams while 7th composite castellated beam kept without strengthening by external post-tensioning technique As control beam. The first group included two beams with straight strand profile of external Post-tensioning. The second group included two beams with a triangular strand profile of external post-tensioning. The third group included two beams with a trapezoidal strand profile of external post-tensioning. All composite castellated beams were simply supported, and all of them were fully shear connections between the concrete slab and steel girder. All beams included the 16 castellated openings and were stiffened by six stiffener plates welded on the web of castellated beams. Three stiffener plates are welded on each side of the web. Two of these stiffener plates welded at the middle of the beam, and four of them welded at locations under the loads. The experimental results of this research were increasing 5.43% in load capacity of an average of the straight profile of composite castellated beams, increasing 18.92% in load capacity of an average of triangular profile composite castellated beams, and increasing 20.71% in load capacity of the trapezoidal profile of composite castellated beams. All the above results were compared with control beams.
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Gupta, Amit Kumar, R. Velmurugan, and Makarand Joshi. "Comparative Study of Damping in Pristine, Steel, and Shape Memory Alloy Hybrid Glass Fiber Reinforced Plastic Composite Beams of Equivalent Stiffness." Defence Science Journal 68, no. 1 (December 18, 2017): 91. http://dx.doi.org/10.14429/dsj.68.11793.
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<p class="p1">Several efforts were made over the years to control vibration of structural components made of composite materials. This paper consists of study on effect of using shape memory alloy (SMA) to increase the damping of glass fiber reinforced plastic (GFRP) composites. A comparative study between SMA and steel was made as reinforcement material in GFRP composites to enhance damping. Dimensions of each beam were calculated such that all the beams i.e. pristine GFRP beam, GFRP beam embedded with steel wires and GFRP beam embedded with SMA wires have same flexural stiffness and first mode of frequency of vibration. Damping ratio was measured experimentally through logarithmic decay method. Through experiments damping ratio obtained for SMA hybrid composite beam was found to be higher as compared to the pristine and steel hybrid GFRP composite beams.</p><p class="Text"><span> </span></p>
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Ibrahim, Teghreed H., and Abbas A. Allawi. "The Response of Reinforced Concrete Composite Beams Reinforced with Pultruded GFRP to Repeated Loads." Journal of Engineering 29, no. 1 (January 1, 2023): 158–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.31026/j.eng.2023.01.10.
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This paper investigates the experimental response of composite reinforced concrete with GFRP and steel I-sections under limited cycles of repeated load. The practical work included testing four beams. A reference beam, two composite beams with pultruded GFRP I-sections, and a composite beam with a steel I-beam were subjected to repeated loading. The repeated loading test started by loading gradually up to a maximum of 75% of the ultimate static failure load for five loading and unloading cycles. After that, the specimens were reloaded gradually until failure. All test specimens were tested under a three-point load. Experimental results showed that the ductility index increased for the composite beams relative to the reference specimen by 156.2% for a composite beam with GFRP with shear connectors, 148.6% for composite beams with GFRP without connectors, and 96% for the composite beam with a steel I-section.
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Xie, Ruqiang, Yuanchao Hu, and Xiaopu Shen. "Experimental analysis and research on flexural properties of reinforced concrete composite beams." E3S Web of Conferences 165 (2020): 04023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202016504023.
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In order to further study the flexural properties of reinforced concrete beams after composite reinforcement, three composite beams and one cast-in-situ beam were tested under static load focusing on the bearing capacity, the law of crack development and the change of deflection. Test results demonstrate the yield strength, ultimate bending strength, and deflection of the composite beams are similar to those of the cast-in-situ beam, which confirms that the reinforced concrete composite beams can be used for reinforcement purposes in engineering projects.
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Hong, Wan, Yuchen Jiang, Yong Fang, and Xiamin Hu. "Experimental study and theoretical analysis of glulam-concrete composite beams connected with ductile shear connectors." Advances in Structural Engineering 23, no. 6 (December 4, 2019): 1168–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1369433219891560.
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Ductile shear connectors are often applied in timber-concrete composite beams. The relative interface slip of such kind of composite beams will affect the mechanical performance of the composite beams and result in structural nonlinearity. Gamma method which adopts effective bending stiffness to reflect semi-rigid connection is recommended in Eurocode 5. The effective bending stiffness is irrelevant to external loads and calculation points of the composite beam. However, actual bending stiffness distribution along the beam is variable due to that shear connectors are subjected to different shear force. In order to verify the accuracy of gamma method, four-point bending tests of a total of three glulam-concrete composite beams with lag screw connectors and one pure glulam beam were conducted in this article. The failure mode, bearing capacity, and load–deflection relationship were investigated in the experiment. Meanwhile, push-out tests of composite beams were also conducted for determination of the force–displacement relationship of ductile shear connectors. Then, numerical simulation using beam-truss model was established for investigation on the mechanism of composite beams. Finally, theoretical analysis of composite beams considering the effect of interface slip was also presented. Comparing results from gamma method with the presented method, it is shown that both methods can calculate deflection at serviceability limit state with high precision. However, non-uniform distribution of actual bending stiffness cannot be reflected by gamma method.
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Zhang, Yan Ling, Wei Ge, and De Ying Zhang. "Experimental Research on Bending-Torsion Characteristics of Steel-Concrete Composite Box Beams." Advanced Materials Research 594-597 (November 2012): 785–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.594-597.785.
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Due to the axial curvature and the eccentric vehicle loads, bending-torsion couple effects will be generated in the curved steel-concrete composite box beam bridges. To study the bending-torsion couple characteristics, six steel-concrete composite box model beams are tested under the bending-torsion couple loads, with the initial torsion-bending ratios and shear connection degrees as the design parameters. The ultimate bearing capacity, section strain, and interfacial slip of the steel-concrete composite box beams are measured. The test results show that, the fully connected composite beams mainly express bending or bending-torsion failure modes, but the partially connected composite beams are mainly sliding failure modes. The existence of the torque doesn’t have great influence on the ultimate bearing capacity and bending moment of the composite box beams. Under the bending-torsion couple loads, there are not only the longitudinal slip between the steel girder and concrete slab of the composite box beam, but also the transverse slip perpendicular to the beam axis.
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Gdoutos, E. E., and M. S. Konsta-Gdoutos. "Load and Geometry Effect on Failure Mode Initiation of Composite Sandwich Beams." Applied Mechanics and Materials 3-4 (August 2006): 173–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.3-4.173.
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Facing compressive failure, facing wrinkling and core shear failure are the most commonly encountered failure modes in sandwich beams with facings made of composite materials. The occurrence and sequence of these failure modes depends on the geometrical dimensions, the form of loading and type of support of the beam. In this paper the above three failure modes in sandwich beams with facings made of carbon/epoxy composites and cores made of aluminum honeycomb and two types of foam have been investigated. Two types of beams, the simply supported and the cantilever have been considered. Loading included concentrated and uniform. It was found that in beams with foam core facing wrinkling and core shear failure occur, whereas in beams with honeycomb core facing compressive failure and core shear crimping take place. Results were obtained for the dependence of failure mode on the geometry of the beam and the type of loading. The critical beam spans for failure mode transition from core shear to wrinkling failure were established. It was found that initiation of a particular failure mode depends on the properties of the facing and core materials, the geometrical configuration and loading of composite sandwich beams.
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Du, Hao, Shengnan Yuan, Tianhong Yu, and Xiamin Hu. "Experimental and Analytical Investigation on Flexural Behavior of High-Strength Steel-Concrete Composite Beams." Buildings 13, no. 4 (March 29, 2023): 902. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings13040902.
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This research investigated the flexural behavior of high-strength steel (HSS)—concrete composite beams. The effect of concrete strength on the load-deflection behavior, flexural capacity, and ductility of HSS—concrete composite beams was investigated. Four full-scale HSS—concrete composite beam specimens were tested under static load. The test results demonstrate that the failure mode of HSS—concrete composite beams is flexural failure of the steel member and compression fracture of concrete at mid-span. The HSS—concrete composite beam exhibits good mechanical performance and deformation behavior. The ultimate bending strength and ductility of HSS—concrete composite beams were improved with the increased concrete strength. The theoretical results demonstrate that the simplified plastic method overestimates the ultimate bending strength of HSS—concrete composite beams. The main reason is that only a small part of the steel beam bottom shows plastic strengthening, which is not enough to make up for the strength loss caused by the steel near the neutral axis failure to yield and the relative interface slip. The nonlinear method based on material constitutive model could predict the load-bearing capacity accurately. After analyzing the ultimate bending capacity of 192 sample beams, the simplified plastic method was modified, and the theoretical method for ultimate bearing capacity of HSS—concrete composite beams was proposed.
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Wang, Guang-Ming, Li Zhu, Xin-Lin Ji, and Wen-Yu Ji. "Finite Beam Element for Curved Steel–Concrete Composite Box Beams Considering Time-Dependent Effect." Materials 13, no. 15 (July 22, 2020): 3253. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13153253.
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Curved steel–concrete composite box beams are widely used in urban overpasses and ramp bridges. In contrast to straight composite beams, curved composite box beams exhibit complex mechanical behavior with bending–torsion coupling, including constrained torsion, distortion, and interfacial biaxial slip. The shear-lag effect and curvature variation in the radial direction should be taken into account when the beam is sufficiently wide. Additionally, long-term deflection has been observed in curved composite box beams due to the shrinkage and creep effects of the concrete slab. In this paper, an equilibrium equation for a theoretical model of curved composite box beams is proposed according to the virtual work principle. The finite element method is adopted to obtain the element stiffness matrix and nodal load matrix. The age-adjusted effective modulus method is introduced to address the concrete creep effects. This 26-DOF finite beam element model is able to simulate the constrained torsion, distortion, interfacial biaxial slip, shear lag, and time-dependent effects of curved composite box beams and account for curvature variation in the radial direction. An elaborate finite element model of a typical curved composite box beam is established. The correctness and applicability of the proposed finite beam element model is verified by comparing the results from the proposed beam element model to those from the elaborate finite element model. The proposed beam element model is used to analyze the long-term behavior of curved composite box beams. The analysis shows that significant changes in the displacement, stress and shear-lag coefficient occur in the curved composite beams within the first year of loading, after which the variation tendency becomes gradual. Moreover, increases in the central angle and shear connection stiffness both reduce the change rates of displacement and stress with respect to time.
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Liang, Jiong Feng, Ming Hua Hu, and Zhi Ping Deng. "Experimental Investigation on Flexural Bearing Capacity of Concrete Beams Reinforced with CFRP-PCPs Composite Rebars." Applied Mechanics and Materials 351-352 (August 2013): 541–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.351-352.541.
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The flexural behavior of concrete beams reinforced with CFRP-PCPs composite rebars was studied. Experimental results showed that the performance of CFRP-PCPs composite rebars beams is superior to that of CFRP beams at service and ultimate and comparable and even better than RC beams at service condition. Flexural cracks of concrete beams reinforced with CFRP-PCPs composite rebars are hairline before prism cracking, and they widen after the prism cracking Keywords: CFRP-PCPs, composite rebars, beam, flexural
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Lu, Tingting, Yuxiang Wen, Kai Guan, and Bin Wang. "Flexural Performance Analysis of Composite Beam with Reinforced HPFRCC Precast Shell." Materials 18, no. 4 (February 9, 2025): 762. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma18040762.
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To enhance the mechanical properties of precast composite beams, High-Performance Fiber Reinforced Cementitious Composite (HPFRCC) material was used instead of ordinary concrete in the precast shell with reinforced bars to form the R/HPFRCC precast shell composite beam. By controlling different reinforcement ratios, post-longitudinal reinforcement treatment methods, mold shell materials, and loading methods, nine test beams were designed, and four-point bending loading tests were carried out to study the flexural bearing capacity, failure mode, failure process, deformation capacity, and influencing factors of composite beams. The R/HPFRCC prefabricated shell composite beams presented good mechanical performance and integrity. Compared with the RC shell composite beams, the R/HPFRCC prefabricated shell composite beam increased the yield and peak loads by 6.6% and 10.3%, respectively. Using HPFRCC material instead of ordinary concrete in the prefabricated shell could reduce the damage degree of the composite beam under bending. Under the same load, the reinforcement strain in the R/HPFRCC precast shell was smaller than that of the RC precast shell and the cast-in-situ RC beam; thus, the yield of longitudinal reinforcement was effectively delayed. Considering the HPFRCC material mechanical properties, a calculated model for the ultimate load-carrying capacity of R/HPFRCC precast shell composite beams was established. The calculated values were in good agreement with the experimental values.
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Li, Jin, Tiancheng Zhou, Xiang Li, Dalu Xiong, De Chang, Zhongmei Lu, and Guanghua Li. "Research on Flexural Bearing Capacity of Reinforced Hollow Slab Beams Based on Polyurethane Composite Material Positive and Negative Pouring Method." Sustainability 14, no. 24 (December 19, 2022): 17030. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su142417030.
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In order to explore the construction technology of prestressed steel strand–polyurethane cement composites for strengthening hollow slab beams, two reinforced test beams (L1, L2) and one unreinforced test beam (L0) were subjected to flexural static load tests. The deflection, ductility, stiffness, strain, and bearing capacity of each test beam were used to summarize the influence of different reinforcement techniques on the flexural performance of hollow slab beams. Research shows the prestressed steel strand–polyurethane composite material was well-bonded to the hollow slab beam, which effectively inhibits the development of concrete cracks and delays the damage process of hollow slab beams, that the reinforcement effect of the test beam L1 under the reverse pouring process was remarkable, and the bending performance of the test beam L2 under the forward pouring process of the simulated real bridge was good, which was much better than that of the unreinforced beam L0. The use of tensile prestressed steel strands and forward casting of polyurethane–cement composite materials effectively improved the flexural bearing capacity of the test beams, and this reinforcement process can be further extended to engineering applications.
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R, Manimaran. "Composite Delta Beam for Slim Floor Construction." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 12, no. 3 (March 31, 2024): 382–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2024.58811.
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Abstract: The structural behaviour of the composite Flush Beam for slim floor as a whole has been investigated. The deformation behaviour of the structural members Steel beams with trapezoidal cross-sections and specially punched webs were developed as composite beams in slim floors. The estimation of the flexural stiffness and bending capacity of composite slim beams is rather complicated, because the influence of many factors should be taken into account. These factors include variable section dimensions, Profile of the beam, stiffness of the beam and interaction between steel and concrete. In this paper, analytical investigations have been conducted to investigate the deflection behaviour of Flush beam specimens under monotonic loading. A design procedure is developed for composite slim floor Flush beams based on cross-sectional analysis and the flexural properties of the slim floor beams are evaluated. From the analytical investigation it was found that the deflection of delta beam is 48% less than the conventional I-beam More over the stiffness of the Delta beam is 49.8% higher than the I-beam
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Du, Hao, Shengnan Yuan, Peiyang Liu, Xiamin Hu, and Guohui Han. "Experimental and Finite Element Study on Bending Performance of Glulam-Concrete Composite Beam Reinforced with Timber Board." Materials 15, no. 22 (November 12, 2022): 7998. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15227998.
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In this research, experimental research and finite element modelling of glulam-concrete composite (GCC) beams were undertaken to study the flexural properties of composite beams containing timber board interlayers. The experimental results demonstrated that the failure mechanism of the GCC beam was the combination of bend and tensile failure of the glulam beam. The three-dimensional non linear finite element model was confirmed by comparing the load-deflection curve and load-interface slip curve with the experimental results. Parametric analyses were completed to explore the impacts of the glulam beam height, shear connector spacing, timber board interlayer thickness and concrete slab thickness on the flexural properties of composite beams. The numerical outcomes revealed that with an increase of glulam beam height, the bending bearing capacity and flexural stiffness of the composite beams were significantly improved. The timber boards were placed on top of the glulam members and used as the formwork for concrete slab casting. In addition, the flexural properties of composite beams were improved with the increase of the timber board thickness. With the elevation of the shear connector spacing, the ultimate bearing capacity and bending stiffness of composite beams were decreased. The bending bearing capacity and flexural rigidity of the GCC beams were ameliorated with the increase of concrete slab thickness.
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Hu, Yafeng, Yang Wei, Si Chen, Yadong Yan, and Weiyao Zhang. "Experimental Study on Timber−Lightweight Concrete Composite Beams with Ductile Bolt Connectors." Materials 14, no. 10 (May 18, 2021): 2632. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14102632.
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A timber–lightweight−concrete (TLC) composite beam connected with a ductile connector in which the ductile connector is made of a stainless−steel bolt anchored with nuts at both ends was proposed. The push−out results and bending performance of the TLC composite specimens were investigated by experimental testing. The push−out results of the shear specimens show that shear–slip curves exhibit good ductility and that their failure can be attributed to bolt buckling accompanied by lightweight concrete cracking. Through the bending tests of ten TLC composite beams and two contrast (pure timber) beams, the effects of different bolt diameters on the strengthening effect of the TLC composite beams were studied. The results show that the TLC composite beams and contrast timber beams break on the timber fiber at the lowest edge of the TLC composite beam, and the failure mode is attributed to bending failure, whereas the bolt connectors and lightweight concrete have no obvious breakage; moreover, the ductile bolt connectors show a good connection performance until the TLC composite beams fail. The ultimate bearing capacities of the TLC composite beams increase 2.03–3.5 times compared to those of the contrast beams, while the mid-span maximum deformation decrease nearly doubled.
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Robinson, Hugh. "Multiple stud shear connections in deep ribbed metal deck." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 15, no. 4 (August 1, 1988): 553–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l88-076.
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This paper summarizes the results of push-out tests conducted on 17 different types of shear connections simulating three distinct components of a composite floor system: (1) an interior beam (perpendicular metal deck), (2) a spandrel beam (perpendicular metal deck), and (3) a girder (parallel metal deck). Each push-out specimen had a layer of 152 × 152 WM9.1 × WM9.1 welded wire mesh at mid-depth of each concrete slab.Two composite beams, each with ribbed shear connections typical of those in two of the types of push-out specimens representing ribbed shear connections in interior composite beams with ribbed metal deck, were tested with third-point loads over a simply supported span. Using the average ultimate shear strengths of the push-out specimens having the same configurations as the ribbed shear connections in the composite beam tests to calculate the ultimate flexural capacities of the composite beams resulted in a very close estimate of the measured ultimate flexural capacities of the composite beams. The average measured static yield strengths of the flanges and webs of the wide-flange sections used in the composite beam tests were included in the calculations of the ultimate flexural capacities of the composite beams. Key words: composite, push-out, ultimate shear, shear stud, ribbed metal deck, deep rib.
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Kabir, Mohammad Z., and Archibald N. Sherbourne. "Shear strain effects on flexure and torsion of thin-walled pultruded composite beams." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 26, no. 6 (December 1, 1999): 852–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l99-035.
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The paper presents a theoretical study on the static structural response of thin-walled composite open-section beams. Based on a Vlasov-type linear hypothesis, a beam theory is formulated in terms of in-plane elastic properties to analyze composite I and channel section pultruded beams which includes the transverse shear deformation of the beam cross section. The importance of the shear influence on the total vertical deflection is reported. Symmetric lay-up composite beams result in a bending-twisting structural coupling. The optimal fibre orientation for minimizing vertical displacements and twist angle is also investigated.Key words: pultruded, shear strain, composite beams, twist.
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Yang, Haixu, Yue Guo, Haibiao Wang, and Zihang Jiang. "Research on the Shear Performance of Cold-Formed Thin-Walled Steel-Glued Laminated Wood Composite Beams." Buildings 13, no. 12 (November 21, 2023): 2903. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings13122903.
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This paper proposes a new type of composite box beam combined with cold-formed thin-walled steel and glued laminated timber to develop green building structures while improving the load-carrying capacity of a single steel girder and glued timber girder. Two composite beams composed of laminated timber and Q235 cold-formed thin-walled steel were designed and fabricated. Then, the shear performance test with quadratic loading was carried out to analyze the load carrying capacity, damage modes, and deformation characteristics of the test beams, as well as their influencing factors. Subsequently, a finite element model of the composite beam was established, and the loading mode was the same as that of the test to further study the parameters affecting the shear performance of the composite beam. The results of the study indicate that steel and glued timber in composite beams connected by adhesive bonding can work and deform together under load and each give full play to its material properties, especially the composite beams, which exhibit higher shear strength than a steel or timber beam. The effects of parameters such as steel cross-sectional area, shear span ratio, steel skeleton form, and steel cross-sectional strength on the shear capacity of the composite beams were observed, among which the shear span ratio had the greatest effect on the shear capacity of the composite beams. The shear capacity decreased by 14.3% and 19.5% when the shear span ratio was increased from 1.5 to 2.0 and 2.5, respectively. The shear capacity of the combined composite beams increased by 10.6%, 6.3%, and 5.8% when the thickness was increased from 1.5 mm to 2.0 mm, 2.5 mm, and 3.0 mm, respectively. When the combination of the steel cross-section was a box beam, the overall shear-bearing capacity could be increased by 12% compared with the “I” type composite beam, although its shear stiffness was close to that of the “I” section composite beam.
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Ma, Xiao, Shuai Wang, Bo Zhou, and Shifeng Xue. "Study on Electromechanical Behavior of Functionally Graded Piezoelectric Composite Beams." Journal of Mechanics 36, no. 6 (August 6, 2020): 841–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jmech.2020.44.
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ABSTRACTThis paper investigates the electromechanical behavior of functionally graded piezoelectric composite beams containing axially functionally graded (AFG) beam and piezoelectric actuators subjected to electrical load. The mechanical properties of the AFG beam are assumed to be graded along the axial direction. Employing the electromechanical coupling theory and load simulation method, the expression for the simulation load of the piezoelectric actuators is obtained. Based on Euler-Bernoulli beam theory and the obtained simulation load, the differential governing equation of the piezoelectric composite beams subjected to electrical load is derived. The integration-by-parts approach is utilized to solve the differential governing equation, and the expression for the deflection of the piezoelectric composite beams is obtained. The accuracy of the proposed method is validated by the finite element method. The bending response of the functionally graded piezoelectric composite beams is investigated through the proposed method. In the numerical examples, the effects of electrical load, actuator thickness, AFG beam thickness and AFG beam length on the electromechanical behavior of the functionally graded piezoelectric composite beams are studied.
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Senthamaraikannan, C., and R. Ramesh. "Evaluation of mechanical and vibration behavior of hybrid epoxy carbon composite beam carrying micron-sized CTBN rubber and nanosilica particles." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part L: Journal of Materials: Design and Applications 233, no. 9 (June 27, 2018): 1738–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1464420718784315.
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The suppression of vibration in dynamic structures is considered as one of the important functional requirements. In the present investigation, the free vibration behaviour of the woven carbon-epoxy composite beams was studied by blending nanosilica and micro-sized carboxyl-terminated butadiene acrilonitrile copolymer CTBN rubber in an epoxy matrix. The basic I and channel shapes widely used in structural applications were considered for fabrication of composite beams and made by hand layup method. The hybrid specimens were prepared by keeping 9% rubber particles by weight as stable primary ingredients in epoxy and the secondary reinforcement nanosilica was added by varying the weight fraction of 6% and 11%. The mechanical behaviour study and free vibration test were conducted as per ASTM standards and compared between virgin and hybrid composites. The addition of nanosilica, as secondary reinforcement in an epoxy matrix improves the mechanical properties of CTBN rubber-blended carbon composites. The structural beams were tested by impulse frequency response method under cantilever boundary conditions. Frequency response function plots were recorded and compared for all considered beam samples. The decreased amplitude response observed in frequency response function plot for micro rubber added samples of 9 wt%, indicate enhanced passive damping characteristics. The nanosilica, along with the micro rubber particles, shows improved passive damping capacity than virgin carbon composite beam. Finite element modelling of the composite beam was done for modal response using ANSYS® application software. Mode shapes and corresponding modal frequency of all types of beams have been compared and discussed.
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Hieu, Nguyen Tran. "Simplified design method and parametric study of composite cellular beam." Journal of Science and Technology in Civil Engineering (STCE) - NUCE 12, no. 3 (April 30, 2018): 34–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.31814/stce.nuce2018-12(3)-04.
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Nowadays, with the development of cutting and welding technologies, steel beams with regular circular openings, called cellular beams, have been widely used for construction. The cellular beams could be designed either as steel beam or composite beam when headed shear connectors connect concrete slab to top flange of steel beam. This paper presents a procedure to design cellular composite beams according to EN 1994-1-1. In addition, a parametric study is carried out to evaluate the influence of circular opening geometry to ultimate load and failure mode of a series of cellular composite beams. As a result, an optimal dimension of cellular beam is proposed.
 Article history: Received 28 February 2018, Revised 22 March 2018, Accepted 27 April 2018
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Ebrahimi, Farzad, and Ali Dabbagh. "On thermo-mechanical vibration analysis of multi-scale hybrid composite beams." Journal of Vibration and Control 25, no. 4 (October 22, 2018): 933–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1077546318806800.
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This article is primarily organized to analyze the thermo-elastic vibrational characteristics of multi-scale hybrid composite beams according to a refined beam model. In this novel type of composites, multi-scale reinforcing elements, carbon fiber (CF) and carbon nanotube (CNT) in particular, are presumed to be dispersed in an initial resin. The homogenization process is carried out employing a mixture of the Halpin–Tsai model and the rule of mixture. The effect of temperature and its gradient on the mechanical properties of CNTs and epoxy resin is rendered to present a more reliable thermal analysis. On the other hand, a refined trigonometric shear deformable beam theory is extended to derive the kinematic relations of the beam needless of any external shear correction coefficient. On the basis of Hamilton's principle, the partial differential equations of motion are developed. Thereafter, the natural frequencies are achieved by the means of Galerkin's method for both simply supported and fully clamped edge conditions. Then, the validity of the presented model is shown by comparing these results with those of previously published researches. Finally, effects of different parameters on the natural frequency of composite beams are rendered in the framework of some numerical case studies. It can be found that multi-scale hybrid composite beams can satisfy higher frequencies once compared with each of the CF- or CNT-reinforced composite beams.
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Jiang, Li Zhong, Xin Kang, and Chang Qing Li. "Dynamics Analysis of Steel-Concrete Composite Box Beams." Applied Mechanics and Materials 528 (February 2014): 94–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.528.94.
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Steel-concrete composite box beams have been widely used in high rise buildings and long-span bridge structures. But so far, almost all researches have been aimed at the static behavior of the composite beams and dynamic behavior of steel and concrete composite beams have been rarely studied. In this paper, by using general finite element program ANSYS to analyze the dynamic performance of the composite box beam under different geometric parameters. Research is focused on the slip stiffness、width-to-thickness ratio、depth-span ratio and the height ratio of cross section to the vibration characteristics of composite box beam. The results indicate that these factors affect the seismic dynamic response of steel-concrete composite box beams most and they should be controlled according to different situations in seismic design stage.
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Li, Chunbao, Hui Cao, Di Guan, Shen Li, Xukai Wang, Valentina Y. Soloveva, Hojiboev Dalerjon, Zhiguang Fan, Pengju Qin, and Xiaohui Liu. "Study on Mechanical Properties of Multi-Cavity Steel-Concrete Composite Beam." Materials 15, no. 14 (July 13, 2022): 4882. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15144882.
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This paper proposes a new form of composite beam: a multi-cavity steel-concrete composite beam. This composite beam uses internal perforated steel plate to connect the concrete with the steel structure, and shear connectors are no longer required, which is more suitable for industrial production. The mechanical properties of a multi-cavity steel-concrete composite beam in industrial applications are studied to avoid failures. In this paper, two multi-cavity steel-concrete composite beams with a size of 2500 mm × 200 mm × 300 mm were prepared, in which the angle of internal porous steel plate was set as 60° and 75°, respectively. A full-scale static load test was conducted on the beams to research its deformation and failure modes. The finite element software ANSYS was used to perform finite element modeling of multi-cavity steel-concrete composite beams and to analyze the influence of concrete strength, steel strength, porosity, and the angle of internal porous steel plate on the mechanical properties of composite beams. The results are as follows: before the composite beam reaches its serviceability limit state, its deformation basically shows a linear change; with the increase of load, the plastic deformation is gradually obvious, which can still provide a certain bearing capacity in the failure stage; the bearing capacity of the composite beam is positively correlated with the strength of concrete and steel, while negatively correlated with the porosity and the angle of internal porous steel plate; composite beams have large bearing capacity, good ductility and integrity.
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Duan, Shaowei, Wenzhao Zhou, Xinglong Liu, Jian Yuan, and Zhifeng Wang. "Experimental Study on the Bending Behavior of Steel-Wood Composite Beams." Advances in Civil Engineering 2021 (June 26, 2021): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/1315849.
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This paper proposes a steel-wood composite beam with H-shaped steel beam webs glued to the wood. As a new type of composite beam, it combines the advantages of low energy consumption of wood, high permeability, and less pollution and the advantages of light weight and high strength of steel, high degree of assembly, short construction period, and less construction waste generated. Carrying out research is of great significance to improve the mechanical properties of steel-wood composite beams and promote the development of steel-wood composite structures. In this paper, three hot-rolled H-beam-larch composite beams and one pure steel beam were tested for bending capacity. The composite beams are divided into two different combinations of A and B types. The two sides of the web are connected with larch wood by structural glue to form a composite beam. The type B composite beam is a larch wood glued on both sides of the H-shaped steel web and penetrates the bolts at the same time. Through the three-point monotonic static grading loading of the composite beam, the deflection change, failure phenomenon, and form of the specimen during the experiment were observed. Under the circumstances, the ultimate bearing capacity of the test piece was changed to study the combined effect of larch and hot-rolled H-shaped steel. The results show that the overall performance of the H-shaped steel-larch composite beam is good. Bonding wooden boards on both sides of the steel beam web can improve the bearing capacity, and the form of the member is more reasonable and effective; increasing the cross-sectional size of the H-beam in the steel-wood composite beam can further improve the bearing capacity of the composite beam; adding bolt anchorage on the basis of the structural glue used in the composite beam can further improve the bearing capacity of the composite beam. The superposition principle is used to simplify the calculation of the ultimate bearing capacity of H-shaped steel-larch composite beams. Comparing the calculation results with the test results, the data are in good agreement, which can provide a design reference for the practical application of such composite beams.
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Jiang, Yuchen, Xiamin Hu, Wan Hong, Mingming Gu, and Weimin Sun. "Investigation on partially concrete encased composite beams under hogging moment." Advances in Structural Engineering 20, no. 3 (July 28, 2016): 461–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1369433216654148.
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In order to investigate the mechanical behavior of the partially concrete encased composite beam under hogging moment, static loading tests were conducted on one conventional composite beam and three partially concrete encased composite beams. The results show that partially concrete encased composite beams have higher stiffness and flexural capacity under hogging moment as compared with conventional composite beams. It is also found that the concrete encasement is able to enhance the local bucking resistance of the steel beam and effectively reduces the propagation speed of crack width under hogging moment. By comparing different partially concrete encased composite beams, it is indicated that the stiffness and flexural capacity of partially concrete encased composite beams increase with the increase in reinforcement ratio of the concrete slab. Also, with the increase in the reinforcement ratio of the concrete slab, the distribution of cracks on the slab is denser and the propagation speed of crack width reduces. In addition, the calculation methods in both European code and Chinese code can well predict the crack width on the concrete slab, and the ultimate flexural capacity predicted from the simplified plastic theory in Eurocode 4 is in good agreement with test results.
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Nan, Hongliang, Peng Wang, Qinmin Zhang, Dayao Meng, and Qinan Lei. "Study on the Mechanical Properties of Continuous Composite Beams under Coupled Slip and Creep." Materials 16, no. 13 (June 30, 2023): 4741. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma16134741.
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Steel–concrete continuous composite beams are widely used in buildings and bridges and have many economic benefits. Slip has always existed in composite beams and will reduce the stiffness of composite beams. The effect of creep under a long-term load will also be harmful. Many scholars ignore the combined effects of slip and creep. In order to more accurately study the mechanical properties of steel–concrete continuous composite beams under long-term loads, this paper will consider the combined actions of slip and creep. By combining the elastic theory and the age-adjusted effective modulus method, the differential equation of the composite beam is derived via the energy variational method. The analytical solutions of axial force, deflection and slip under a uniform load are obtained by substituting the relevant boundary conditions. The creep equation is used to simulate the behavior of concrete with time in ANSYS. The analytical solution is verified by establishing a finite element model of continuous composite beams considering slip and creep. The results suggest the following: the analytical solution is consistent with the finite element simulation results, which verifies the correctness of the analytical solution. Considering the slip and creep effects will increase the deflection of the composite beam and the bending moment of the steel beam, reduce the bending moment of the concrete slab and have a significant impact on the structural performance of the continuous composite beam. The research results considering the coupling effect of slip and creep on continuous composite beams can provide a theoretical basis for related problems.
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Nursherida, J. Mai, Sahari B. Barkawi, and A. A. Nuraini. "Parametric Study of Automotive Composite Bumper Beams Subjected to Frontal Impacts." Key Engineering Materials 471-472 (February 2011): 484–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.471-472.484.
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The parametric study of automotive composite bumper beam subjected to frontal impact is presented and discussed in this paper. The aim of this study is to analyze the effect of steel and composite material on energy absorption of automotive front bumper beam. The front bumper beams made of e-glass/epoxy composite and carbon epoxy composite are studied and characterized by impact modeling using LS-DYNA V971, according to United States New Car Assessment Program (US-NCAP) frontal impact velocity and based on European Enhanced Vehicle-safety Committee. The most important variable of this structure are- mass, material, and Specific Energy Absorption (SEA). The results are compared with bumper beam made of mild steel. Three types of materials are used in the present study which consists of mild steel as references material, Aluminum AA5182, E-glass/epoxy composite and carbon fiber/epoxy composite with three different fiber configurations. The beams were subjected to impact loading to determine the internal energy and SEA and to reduce mass of the conventional bumper beam. The in-plane failure behaviors of the composites were evaluated by using Tsai Wu failure criterion. The results for the composite materials are compared to that of the reference material to find the best material with highest SEA. LS-DYNA Finite Element Analysis software was used. The results showed that carbon fiber/epoxy composite bumper can reduce the bumper mass and has highest value of SEA followed by glass fiber/epoxy composite.
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Xu, Wei, Feng Xu, Hao Wang, and Lian Guang Wang. "Experimental Research on Steel-High Strength Concrete Composite Beams." Advanced Materials Research 255-260 (May 2011): 664–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.255-260.664.
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Based on 5 test specimen of steel-high strength concrete composite beam, This paper analyzes test results, researches on mechanical properties of steel-high strength concrete composite beams, load-deformation properties, performance of the interface slip and strain of the midspan across-section of beams, Study on the performance of the steel-high strength concrete composite beams.
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Yang, Jia. "Nonlinear Analysis of Steel and Concrete Composite Beams Strengthened with Prestressed FRP Bars." Applied Mechanics and Materials 256-259 (December 2012): 775–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.256-259.775.
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Steel and concrete composite beam is a kind of composite beam which the steel and the concrete are connected by shear connectors. Now, many experts and scholars have carried out many experimental research and theoretical analysis about it. But, steel and concrete composite beams strengthened with prestressed FRP bars have not been studied. Based on the structure, the nonlinear analysis mode of steel and concrete composite beams strengthened with prestressed FRP bars is proposed, the calculating program is researched. The relationships between moment and curvature, also between load and deformation of steel and concrete composite beams strengthened with prestressed FRP bars are obtained. The results show that the moment-curvature curve and load-deformation curve of steel and concrete composite beams strengthened with prestressed FRP bars can be separated to elastic stage, elastic-plastic stage and plastic stage.
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Wang, Jing, Jiageng Ren, and Yunlong Zhang. "Vibration Analysis of Carbon Fiber-Reinforced Steel–Concrete Composite Beams Considering Shear-Slip Effects." International Journal of Structural Stability and Dynamics 19, no. 07 (June 26, 2019): 1950077. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219455419500779.
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This paper presents an accurate analysis of the natural frequency and mode shape of carbon fiber-reinforced steel–concrete composite beam with double-slip surfaces. To study the flexural vibration of the composite beam, a governing differential equation considering the shear-slip effects of two interfaces is formulated. Based on this formulation, the natural frequency and mode shape of carbon fiber-reinforced composite beams are calculated. For comparison purpose, numerical simulations of the composite beams are conducted using the ANSYS in order to verify the present results. High consistency in the two calculation values is revealed. In addition, carbon fiber-reinforced composite beams are fabricated and tested. It is found that the experimental values agreed well with the theoretical results. The findings from this study may provide the benchmark reference for engineering analysis and design of carbon fiber-reinforced steel–concrete composite beams.
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Rahnavard, Rohola, Hélder D. Craveiro, and Rui Simões. "Flexural resistance of Cold‐formed steel‐lightweight concrete (CFS‐LWC) composite beam." ce/papers 6, no. 3-4 (September 2023): 176–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cepa.2479.
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AbstractThis paper discusses the flexural behaviour of innovative built‐up cold‐formed steel lightweight concrete (CFS‐LWC) composite beams through an experimental study. Two full‐scale CFS‐LWC composite beams were tested. The specimens included two distinct configurations of the innovative CFS composite beams. The tested CFS‐LWC composite beams consisted of a lightweight concrete slab supported by profiled metal decking, connected to a CFS built‐up using bolted shear connectors. Two degrees of shear connection were considered. The specimens were uniformly loaded, and the load was increased until failure occurred. The test procedure, setup, and results were recorded in detail, including load‐bearing capacity, deformation, and failure modes. The validity of the design predictions following EN 1994‐1‐1 for the innovative CFS‐LWC composite beams was investigated. Both equilibrium and simplified methods were used to predict the bending resistance of the CFS‐LWC composite beam. The results showed that the design predictions following EN 1994‐1‐1 (equilibrium method) accurately predicted the bending resistance of the CFS‐LWC composite beam, while the simplified method underpredicted the experimental results.
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Bejó, László, Péter Takáts, and Norbert Vass. "Development of Cement Bonded Composite Beams." Acta Silvatica et Lignaria Hungarica 1, no. 1 (January 1, 2005): 111–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.37045/aslh-2005-0010.
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The paper reports on the early steps in the development of cement bonded composite beams. The advantage of such products is that they are lighter than reinforced concrete, while more fire-resistant than solid wood or traditional composite beams. Experimental beams were produced to imitate the structure of organic bonded PSL and LSL, using poplar veneer strips and Scots pine strands. In this phase of the research, the aim was to verify that such products are feasible, compare different beam types, and determine the focus for the ongoing development of cement-bonded composite beams. The manufactured beams were found to be fairly lightweight, but their mechanical properties were lower than those of solid wood or composite beams. PSL type beams performed better than cementbonded LSL. Problem areas that caused the relatively poor performance were identified. Further experimental work will be directed at improving the mechanical performance of the beams.
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Chybiński, Marcin, and Łukasz Polus. "Structural Behaviour of Aluminium–Timber Composite Beams with Partial Shear Connections." Applied Sciences 13, no. 3 (January 27, 2023): 1603. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app13031603.
Full textAbstract:
In this paper, the short-term behaviour of innovative aluminium–timber composite beams was investigated. Laminated veneer lumber panels were attached to aluminium beams with screws. Recently conducted theoretical, experimental, and numerical investigations have focused on aluminium–timber composite beams with almost full shear connections. However, no experiments on aluminium–timber composite beams with partial shear connections have yet been conducted. For this reason, composite action in composite beams with different screw spacing was studied in this paper. Four-point bending tests were performed on aluminium–timber composite beams with different screw spacing to study their structural behaviour (ultimate load, mode of failure, load versus deflection response, load versus slip response, and short-term stiffness). The method used for steel–concrete composite beams with partial shear connection was adopted to estimate the load bearing capacity of the investigated aluminium–timber composite beams. The resistance to sagging bending of the aluminium–timber composite beams with partial shear connections from the theoretical analyses differed by 6–16% from the resistance in the laboratory tests. In addition, four 2D numerical models of the composite beams were developed. One model reflected the behaviour of the composite beam with full shear connection. The remaining models represented the composite beams with partial shear connections and were verified against the laboratory test results. Laminated veneer lumber was modelled as an orthotropic material and its failure was captured using the Hashin damage model. The resistance to sagging bending of the aluminium–timber composite beams with partial shear connections from the numerical analyses were only 3–6% lower than the one from the experiments.
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Zhong, Xuan-Yang, Liang-Dong Zhuang, Ran Ding, and Mu-Xuan Tao. "Experimental and Numerical Study on the Performance of Steel–Coarse Aggregate Reactive Powder Concrete Composite Beams with Uplift-Restricted and Slip-Permitted Connectors under Negative Bending Moment." Buildings 14, no. 9 (September 14, 2024): 2913. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings14092913.
Full textAbstract:
An innovative form of steel–concrete composite beam, the steel–coarse aggregate reactive powder concrete (CA-RPC) composite beam with uplift-restricted and slip-permitted (URSP) connectors, is introduced in this paper. The aim is to enhance the cracking resistance under negative bending moments, which is a difficult problem for traditional composite beams, and to make the cost lower than using ordinary reactive powder concrete (RPC). An experimental investigation of the behavior of six specimens of simply supported steel–CA-RPC composite beams with URSP connectors under negative bending moments is presented in this paper. The test results validated that the cracking load of steel–CA-RPC composite beams could be approximately three times that of the ordinary steel–concrete composite beams while the bearing capacity and stiffness are almost the same. A numerical model, using the concrete damaged plasticity (CDP) model to simulate the behavior of the CA-RPC material, was proposed and successfully calculated the overall load–displacement relationship of the composite beams with sufficient accuracy compared with the experimental results, and the distribution of cracks and the failure mode of the beams could also be captured by this model. Furthermore, a parametric analysis was carried out to find out how the application of prestress, CA-RPC, and URSP connectors could affect the cracking resistance of the composite beams, and the results indicated that using CA-RPC and prestress made the main contributions and that the usage of URSP could boost the effect of the other two factors. The plastic resistance moment of the beams was also compared with the calculation results using the methods introduced in Eurocode 4, and it was proved that the calculation results were lower than the experimental results by approximately 10%, which meant that the method was reliable for this kind of composite beam.
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Shan, Qifeng, Jialiang Zhang, Keting Tong, and Yushun Li. "Study on Flexural Behaviour of Box Section Bamboo-Steel Composite Beams." Advances in Civil Engineering 2020 (November 16, 2020): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8878776.
Full textAbstract:
To take full advantages of the bamboo and cold-formed thin-walled steel, a new type of box section beam combined with bamboo and steel channel was proposed in this paper. Five composite beams with different parameters were tested to evaluate the effects of bamboo plywood thickness of composite beams and thickness and sectional dimension of steel channel. The results of experiment showed that the proposed composite beams exhibited excellent flexural bearing capacities and stiffness. The increase of bamboo plywood thickness and sectional dimension of steel channel could improve bearing capacity and flexural stiffness of composite beams, while the increase of steel thickness could enhance the bearing capacity and safety margin of composite beams. Furthermore, a new method to predict the deformation and bearing capacities of composite beams was proposed and matched well with the experimental results.