Academic literature on the topic 'Component of corporate security'

The article is aimed at determining the consequences of the influence of the information component as a significant factor directed towards improving the economic efficiency of the corporate security system. The structure of controlling of the corporate security information system is characterized as a system of interacting components for determining the goals of strategic, tactical and operational management of the corporate security system, organization of the planned actions, regulation, control, analysis and monitoring. The general appearance of the key stages of the genesis of controlling of the corporate security information system is specified. It is concluded that thanks to the functioning of the management of the corporate security system, the fulfillment of the goal of the organization of a certain level is achieved. A variety of definitions of the concept of «controlling» is substantiated, which gives reason to take into account the controlling of the information system of corporate security as a philosophy or conception of managing the corporate security system, by which it is necessary to understand a set of opinions on determining the goals of strategic, tactical and operational management of the corporate security system, its organization and related instrumentarium. In addition, when solving an applied task, the situation of influence of the institutional environment on the system of corporate security in enterprises can be described using functional dependence. It is noted that the system of management of controlling has incoming strategic goals of the corporate security information system. The conception of corporate security information system together with strategic goals of the corporate security system itself are presented. At each level of the hierarchy of management, the controlling of the corporate security information system has a specific purpose. In this regard, there is an urgent need for further scientific and theoretical comprehension of the strategic aspects of corporate security.

Today corporate network is seen as a complex system and traditionally provides the set of interacting essential components, such as: Main Site – a network of head office; Remote Site (Branch) – networks of remote office; WAN – global network uniting networks of the offices; LAN – a local network; WAN Edge – a point of connection to WAN. Internet Edge – a point of connection to the Internet; Data Cen-ter – corporate centre of data processing. Some sources also regard Service Block as a component, which is a separate segment of the network with specific services. Every component of corporate network fea-tures contains individual set of technologies, each having its history of origination and development. The paper offers short review of basic technologies which form the history of development of corporate network, as well as their evolution from a set of separated network technologies to a unified multi-service network infrastructure. This unified infrastructure is inextricably linked with a global network of Internet which is both a service and a carrier for majority of modern corporate networks. The paper de-scribes origination and development of Internet, local and global networks, Wi-Fi networks and software defined networks. Corporate network has been through a long evolution from co-existence of separated technologies to modern unified intellectual network infrastructure with high security and reliable man-agement. Due to fast-moving development of information technologies the corporate networks have dynamically transformed in several directions: network functions virtualization (NFV – Network Func-tions Virtualization); utilization of SDN solutions; automation of management processes; analytics; se-curity; cloud services. In the course of such a transformation the corporate network turned into unified, flexible, application oriented infrastructure with high reliability, easily modified and expanded function-ality, single management center, unified security policies, fast and detailed analysis of internal network processes.

Abstract. In modern conditions of transformation and globalization of economic processes, rapid development of information and science-intensive technologies, each company seeks to ensure effective management of its activities and achieve a higher level of competitiveness. The level of quality of corporate governance influences the formation of the rating of enterprises and plays an important role in making decisions about investing in the company. At the same time, ensuring financial security is the most urgent task of society, the state, enterprises and organizations of all forms of ownership, entrepreneurs, and every citizen. In this regard, the practical implementation of recommendations to maintain financial security at the appropriate level will contribute to the completion of market transformations in the financial and credit sphere of the country, increase the level of financial security of enterprises, increase human security. It is corporate-type enterprises, namely joint-stock companies and limited liability companies, that are the main types of business structures that ensure the development of a market economy. Therefore, it is advisable to pay attention to the features of ensuring and assessing the quality of corporate governance of enterprises aimed at implementing the model of long-term sustainable development. The purpose of the article is to establish the impact of corporate governance ratings on the assessment of non-financial threats to the economic security of joint stock companies. In the article In the article the systematization of corporate governance indicators by criteria is carried out; the main components of the S&P corporate governance rating methodology, the CORE rating, the main components of the RID-Expert RA corporate governance rating methodology, the main components of the corporate governance methodology of the Crichton-Miller and Warman methodology, the main components of the Corporate Governance rating rating Credit Rating Agency; the advantages and disadvantages of methods of compiling corporate governance ratings are highlighted. Keywords: rating, corporate governance, economic security, joint-stock company, threats, assessment. JEL Classification E44, G30, K22 Formulas: 2; fig.: 5; tabl.: 0; bibl.: 36.

Abstract. The purpose of this study is to develop mechanisms to ensure the economic security of enterprises on the basis of identifying qualitative new patterns of its development, which are associated with digital transformation. The work uses methods of generalization, comparison, analysis and synthesis — to understand the essence and components of economic security; a graphic method — to visualize the conceptual model and mechanism for ensuring the economic security of the enterprise in conditions of digitalization; monographic methods — for in-depth research of the tasks set; abstract-logical methods for theoretical generalization of research results and formulation of conclusions and proposals. The mechanism for ensuring the economic security of enterprises on the basis of identifying qualitative new patterns of its development, the action of which allows to ensure the necessary level of economic security of the enterprise is suggested. The practical significance of the research lies in the development of methods for assessing the economic security of enterprises based on the calculation of relevant local indicators and a set of indicators that characterize various aspects of economic security (production, human resources, finance, environment, digitalization), which allows to develop timely measures to improve economic security in relevant areas. The originality lies in the justification of the structure of the functional components of the economic security of the enterprise and the justification of the need to calculate its level on the basis of the integral index in order to develop measures to improve it. The results of the study can be used for the formation of an effective system of economic security of the enterprise. Keywords: security, economic security, management, mechanism, enterprise, system, indicators of economic security. JEL Classification D02, M21 Formulas: 3; fig.: 2; tabl.: 3; bibl.: 17.

The article is aimed at examining the peculiarity of a system approach to the strategy of the corporate security system of an industrial enterprise as a significant factor directed towards increasing the economic efficiency of the general system. The peculiarity of the system approach to the strategy of corporate security system is examined and the main stages of its (approach) development are disclosed. It is noted that a system approach can be called the approach, in the presence of which management decisions directed towards the competitive direction of strategic development of corporate security are considered in the form of an interrelated and interdependent holistic complex. The goals of the corporate security strategy of the industrial enterprise, which should be subordinated to the general strategy of economic development, and the implementation of the management strategy for the formation of general corporate security, carried out through decision-making, are substantiated. It is concluded that the mechanism of management of the corporate security system must be realized as an integral organizational and economic system, which is an integral part in the overall structure of the mechanism of an industrial enterprise. The main tasks and components of the general corporate security strategy model are identified. In addition, it is noted that the mechanism should be understood as a sequence of measures that are caused by a set of interdependent elements of economic, logistical, personnel, legal, resource, transactional, informational, technological security that form the state and content of processes in accordance with the defined corporate security strategy.

Aim. The presented study aims to examine conceptual provisions for the formation and development of the corporate business environment to substantiate its increasing impact on the tools and methods used in solving management problems associated with ensuring the economic security of economic entities.Tasks. The authors determine the relationship and mutual influence between the corporate business environment and the management process aimed at ensuring economic security; identify the most significant components of the corporate business environment, focusing on corporate culture and commercial confidentiality; characterize the directions of government influence on the improvement of the corporate business environment to enhance the economic security and competitiveness of domestic economic entities in the national and global markets.Methods. This study analyzes scientific approaches to understanding the essence and content of the corporate business environment as well as its impact on the economic security of economic entities. The results of the analysis indicate the increasing influence of economic security on the engagement of economic entities in the formation of an effective corporate business environment.Results. The authors propose to modify the process of ensuring a high level of economic security so as to reflect the integrated interests of a wide range of economic entities related to each other both directly and indirectly. They also determine directions for the government’s stimulating influence on the improvement of the corporate business environment and the economic security of economic entities.Conclusions. The conducted study of economic security and the corporate business environment indicates a stable, direct, and inverse relationship between them. This makes it possible to formulate conceptual proposals for improving management in the field of the development of economic entities and increasing their efficiency based on economic security.

This article discusses the general principles of the implementation of the information policy and the particular principles on the basis of which the information policy is implemented in PJSC FGC UES. The authors also studied corporate policy objectives and highlighted information security as a component of the information policy.

In South Africa, cybersecurity has been identified as a critical component contributing to National Security. More rural communities are becoming integrated into the global village due to increased hardware and software corporate donations, the proliferation of mobile Internet devices and government programmes aimed at bridging the digital divide through major broadband expansion projects. The authors’ research shows that many of the new Internet users are not aptly trained to protect themselves against online threats, leaving them vulnerable to online exploits and inherently exposing the national system to potential international cyber attacks. This article works toward the identification of any correlation between the economic development and mobile use propensity of Internet users with regard to National Security. Internet penetration statistics are used in correlation with the economic development and exposure to technological advances of South Africans to classify participants in the surveys used into three groups: urban netizens, semi-rural netizens and rural netizens. South African citizens from areas within the Gauteng, Limpopo and Mpumalanga provinces participated in this study. Separate from these criteria, the availability of and access to the Internet via mobile phones is also taken into consideration. The article uses the results from the surveys to identify direct and indirect links between the factors in question.

Purpose This paper aims to demonstrate how building competency in privacy can be used to transform the corporate strategy to generate a sustainable competitive advantage. A novel framework is presented as a guide to redesigning strategy by striking a balance between customer expectation and organizational objectives. In doing so, the paper offers four possible outcomes of accommodation, accumulation, association and affiliation, providing illustrations to each scenario for strategy formulation. Design/methodology/approach The relationship between privacy paradox and corporate strategy was examined through a qualitative research study. The author conducted 30 in-depth interviews on grounded theory methodology investigating customer insights on the nature and extent of privacy protection associated with e-commerce and organizational approach. Findings The customers are dissatisfied with existing data security strategies adopted by firms in protecting privacy. The over-reliance on systems has negatively influenced the communication between the organization and customers, leading to a possible competitive disadvantage. The firms need to redesign privacy strategy shifting from a system-driven approach to providing personalized service. Originality/value This paper presents a novel framework the privacy strategy matrix (PSM), introducing privacy as a strategic expedient in transforming corporate strategy facilitating privacy protection as a metaphor for differentiation. PSM framework provides a standard to evaluate the effectiveness of the corporate strategy in managing privacy manifesting a path toward deriving a sustainable competitive advantage.

Копча Ю. Ю. Механізм формування потенціалу економічної безпеки підприємств: дисертація на здобуття ступеня доктора філософії за спеціальністю 051 – «Економіка» / Копча Юрій Юрійович. – Київ: Національний авіаційний університет; Львівський державний університет внутрішніх справ МВС України, 2020. - 277 с.
У дисертаційній роботі вирішено важливе науково-практичне завдання, пов’язане з теоретико-методичним обґрунтуванням положень і розробкою практичних рекомендацій щодо розробки механізму формування потенціалу економічної безпеки підприємства та використання системи оцінювання його складових. Доведено, що проблема визначення особливостей ідентифікації економічної стійкості підприємства як основи його потенціалу економічної безпеки дасть змогу виявити дві номенклатурні групи дослідження, а саме – економічну стійкість і потенціал економічної безпеки, які використовуються як ключ до категоризації основного завдання. Аналізуючи внутрішні та зовнішні процеси підприємства через їхні зв’язки та необхідність їхньої координації з внутрішніми складовими підприємства, створено концептуальний підхід до ідентифікації економічної стійкості підприємства як основи його потенціалу економічної безпеки. Визначені складові можна розвивати та задіювати у формуванні економічної стійкості, що реалізується за рахунок здатності мобілізації ресурсів, а отже, й створює основу для підвищення рівня потенціалу економічної безпеки. Особливістю такого концептуального підходу є система ідентифікації його складових за допомогою узагальнених і обґрунтованих ознак, що сприяє адекватному до зовнішнього і внутрішнього середовищ прийняттю рішення і впровадженню його в діяльність підприємства. Запропоновано визначення фінансового забезпечення потенціалу економічної безпеки як створення структурованих системних шляхів для безперервного спрямування різних оплачених видів ресурсів, які за допомогою переносу своїх якостей підвищують можливості підприємства до протидії загрозам його розвитку та ведення господарської діяльності. Це дозволить на підставі обраної модульної архітектоніки на єдиному підґрунті розробити інші типи забезпечення потенціалу економічної безпеки, таких як інформаційне, організаційне, кадрове та інші. Установлено, що управління підприємством як економічною системою вимагає вирішення багатьох проблем, зумовлених як зовнішніми, так і внутрішніми чинниками. Тому концепція контролінгу виступає одним із ключових факторів управління потенціалом економічної безпеки підприємства, яка дозволяє вирішувати в комплексі низку таких питань, як стабільне функціонування підприємства в довгостроковій перспективі; виявлення і приведення в дію наявних резервів; оперативне та ефективне впровадження стратегії управління потенціалом економічної безпеки підприємства та інше. Запропоновано характеризувати контролінг управління потенціалом економічної безпеки підприємством як системою, яка спрямована на досягнення довгострокових цілей шляхом координування стратегічного і оперативного рівнів управління. Мета стратегічного контролінгу – забезпечення відповідного рівня потенціалу економічної безпеки в довгостроковому періоді, мета оперативного – забезпечення відповідного рівня потенціалу економічної безпеки в короткостроковому періоді шляхом розробки та реалізації відповідних заходів щодо використання наявних ресурсів. Проаналізовано сутність організаційно-економічного механізму управління потенціалом економічної безпеки підприємства, що передбачає досягнення ефективних параметрів функціонування, збереження фінансового, виробничого і кадрового потенціалів, формування умов для надійного та конкурентоздатного функціонування. В запропонованій структурі організаційно-економічного механізму управління потенціалом економічної безпеки підприємства відображено компоненти економічної та організаційної складових, де особливе місце належить контролінгу. Виявлено, що розвиток економіки України супроводжується трансформаційними процесами, які створюють певні небезпеки для суб’єктів господарювання машинобудівної галузі, оскільки вона характеризується тривалим операційно-фінансовим циклом, що впливає на посилення ризику інвестування, не дозволяє здійснювати відтворювальні процеси та підтримувати необхідний науково-технічний рівень підприємств. Доведено необхідність упровадження механізму управління економічною стійкістю підприємств машинобудування до динамічних умов сучасної економіки, який є важливою складовою управління потенціалом економічної безпеки підприємств та однією з найважливіших умов ефективного функціонування та розвитку підприємств в економіці країни, умовою досягнення поточних і перспективних цілей, які певною мірою визначаються рівнем конкуренції на внутрішньому та зовнішньому ринках. Запропоновано теоретико-методичний підхід до оцінювання потенціалу економічної безпеки підприємств на підґрунті визначення локальних показників виробничої, фінансової та кадрової складових, що дає змогу охарактеризувати рівень достатності фінансових, кадрових і виробничих ресурсів для забезпечення розширеного відтворення та економічної безпеки підприємства, підвищити потенціал економічної безпеки у процесі діяльності, виявити основні аспекти діяльності підприємства, що негативно впливають на потенціал економічної безпеки, та забезпечити найбільш прийнятні напрями й форми управління потенціалом економічної безпеки машинобудівних підприємств. Зазначено, що підприємства функціонують як відкрита система, тобто відбувається безперервна взаємодія між компаніями і їх зовнішнім середовищем, для якого характерний надзвичайно високий ступінь складності, невизначеності та взаємопов’язаності. Це визначає кількість факторів, на які підприємство зобов’язано реагувати, а також рівень варіантності кожного з них, що визначає вплив на формування потенціалу економічної безпеки. Обґрунтовано, що з метою ефективного функціонування підприємства необхідно оцінювати вплив зовнішнього середовища на його потенціал економічної безпеки, яке може як негативно впливати на економічну безпеку, так і сприяти подальшому економічному розвитку. Найбільш доцільним підходом до визначення впливу зовнішнього середовища на функціонування машинобудівних підприємств є логістичний підхід, який дає змогу простежити зміни в межах окремих складових системи та її підсистем і взаємний вплив. Запропоновано оцінку впливу зовнішнього середовища на потенціал економічної безпеки підприємства здійснювати з використанням кваліметричного прогнозування шляхом розрахунку інтегрального показника, який характеризує вплив соціально-демографічного середовища, науково-технологічного середовища, економічного середовища, політикоінституціонального середовища на потенціал економічної безпеки. Означене дає змогу підприємству швидко адаптуватися до змін і приймати стратегічні рішення щодо подальшого розвитку. Сформовано систему стратегічного та оперативного контролінгу функціонування підприємства, в основі якої є аналіз і контроль зовнішнього середовища, визначення і контроль потенціалу та зони економічної безпеки, формулювання та контроль стратегічних орієнтирів. Це уможливлює розроблення рекомендацій щодо гармонізації управління потенціалом економічної безпеки підприємств. Розроблено та апробовано методичний підхід до оцінки потенціалу економічної безпеки підприємств за виробничою, фінансовою і кадровою складовими на основі відбору найбільш значущих показників шляхом кваліметричного прогнозування та кореляційно-регресійного аналізу. Окреслене забезпечило побудову багатофакторних моделей складових і дозволило визначити напрями підвищення потенціалу економічної безпеки аналізованих підприємств і на зовнішньому, і на внутрішньому ринках. Сформовано визначення рівня потенціалу економічної безпеки підприємств шляхом розрахунку інтегрального показника на основі кваліметричного прогнозування. Це допомагає сформувати стратегічні орієнтири управління потенціалом економічної безпеки підприємств. Запропонована оцінка рівня потенціалу економічної безпеки підприємства дозволяє: адекватно оцінити можливість і готовність підприємства до розвитку і стабільного функціонування; проаналізувати і спрогнозувати тенденції розвитку підприємства, виявити його сильні і слабкі сторони; підготувати рекомендації із підвищення потенціалу економічної безпеки підприємства та механізм їх реалізації. Запропоновано матрицю визначення зони економічної безпеки з урахування чинників зовнішнього середовища функціонування підприємств і наявного потенціалу економічної безпеки, що дозволяє розробити заходи щодо підвищення конкурентоздатності підприємств машинобудування як на зовнішньому, так і на внутрішньому ринках. Обґрунтовано доцільність здійснювати вибір стратегічних орієнтирів управління потенціалом економічної безпеки машинобудівних підприємств шляхом побудови ієрархії, проведення парних порівнянь критеріїв вибору стратегічних орієнтирів щодо фокусу ієрархії. Це дасть змогу забезпечити збалансовані темпи перманентного зростання і безпечного розвитку підприємства з урахуванням його захисту від зміни внутрішніх і зовнішніх загроз на доволі тривалий час. Розроблено модель обґрунтування вибору напрямів підвищення рівня потенціалу економічної безпеки підприємства залежно від його стратегічних орієнтирів, заснованої на визначенні відповідності рівня потенціалу економічної безпеки підприємства рівню впливу зовнішнього середовища та вибору можливих заходів. Розроблено процес формування системи енергоменеджменту машинобудівного підприємства, який ґрунтується на методології функціонального моделювання IDEF0, здійснено деталізацію процесу, ідентифіковано входи і виходи процесу, керуючі впливу і механізми реалізації (персонал, технічні засоби, організаційно-методичне забезпечення і фінанси). Це уможливлює успішну реалізацію будь-якого з вирізнених напрямів і підвищення енергетичної ефективності машинобудівних підприємств. Обґрунтовано стратегічні орієнтири диференційованого зростання і підвищення рівня зони економічної безпеки ПрАТ «Вовчанський агрегатний завод», ДП «Харківський авіаремонтний завод «Тора»», ДП «Одеський авіаційний завод», ДП «Харківський машинобудівний завод» «ФЕД»», ПрАТ «Дніпропетровський агрегатний завод», ДП «Луцький ремонтний завод «Мотор», ПАТ «Мотор Січ». Вибір стратегічних орієнтирів здійснено, спираючись на об’єктивну інформацію про стан їх потенціалу економічної безпеки, а також про фактичний рівень зони їх економічної безпеки. This thesis gives the results of solving an important scientific-practical problem related to the theoretical-methodological substantiation of the provisions and the providing of practical recommendations for the development of the mechanism of formation of the enterprise`s potential of economic security and the use of the system of evaluation of its components. It is proved in the thesis that the problem of detecting the features of identifying the economic stability of an enterprise as the basis of its economic security potential will identify two nomenclature groups of research, namely economic sustainability and economic security potential, which are used as the key to categorization of the main task. Analyzing the internal and external processes of the enterprise through their relationships and the need for their coordination with the internal components of the enterprise, a conceptual approach for identifing the economic stability of the enterprise as the basis of its potential for economic security was created. Certain components can be developed and involved in the formation of economic sustainability, which comes at the expense of the ability to mobilize resources, and therefore creates the basis for increasing the level of economic security potential. The peculiarity of such conceptual approach is the system of identification of its constituents by means of generalized and substantiated features, which contributes to the appropriate decision-making approach according to the conditions of external and internal environment and its implementation in the enterprise. The definition of financial support to the potential of economic security is proposed as creation of structured systematic ways for continuous directing of different paid kinds of resources, which by means of transfer of their qualities increase the ability of the enterprise to counter the threats of its development and conducting economic activity. This will allow, on the basis of the chosen modular architecture, to develop on a single basis other types of providing the potential of economic security such as information, organizational, personnel and other. It is established that the management of the enterprise as an economic system requires solving many problems caused by both external and internal factors, so the concept of controlling is one of the key factors of managing the potential of economic security of the enterprise, which allows to solve a number of issues in the complex, such as : stable operation of the enterprise in the long run; identification and activation of existing reserves; prompt and effective implementation of the enterprise's economic security potential management strategy and other. The author proposes to characterize controlling the management of economic security potential of an enterprise as a system that aims at achieving long-term goals by coordinating the strategic and operational level of management. The purpose of strategic controlling is to ensure an adequate level of economic security potential in the long term, the objective of operational control is to ensure an appropriate level of economic security potential in the short term by developing and implementing appropriate measures to use available resources. The organizational-economic mechanism of managing the potential of economic security of the enterprise, which envisages achievement of effective parameters of functioning, preservation of financial, production and personnel potential, formation of conditions for reliable and competitive functioning is proposed. In the proposed structure of the organizational-economic mechanism for managing the potential of economic security, the enterprises have reflected the components of the economic and organizational component and special place belongs to controlling. It is revealed that the development of the Ukrainian economy is accompanied by transformation processes that pose certain dangers for the economic entities of the engineering industry, as it is characterized by a long operational-financial cycle, which increases the risk of investment, does not allow to carry out reproduction processes and maintain the necessary scientific-technical level of enterprises. The necessity of introduction of the mechanism of management of economic stability of machine-building enterprises to the dynamic conditions of the modern economy, which is an important component of managing the potential of economic security of enterprises and is one of the most important conditions for effective functioning and development of enterprises in the economy of the country, a condition for achieving current and long-term goals, which are determined by the level of competition in the domestic and foreign markets is proved. The theoretical-methodological approach of estimating the potential of economic security of enterprises on the basis of determination of local indicators of production, financial and personnel components is offered, which allows to characterize the level of sufficiency of financial, human and production resources for ensuring extended reproduction and economic security of the enterprise; to increase the potential of economic security in the process of activity, to identify the main aspects of the activity of the enterprise, which negatively affect the potential of economic security and to provide the most acceptable directions and forms of management of the potential of economic security of machine-building enterprises. It is stated that the enterprises function as an open system, i.e. there is a continuous interaction between the companies and their external environment characterized by an extremely high degree of complexity, uncertainty and interconnection, which determines the number of factors that the enterprise is obliged to respond to, as well as the level of variability, which determines the impact on the formation of economic security potential. It is substantiated that for the effective functioning of the enterprise it is necessary to evaluate the influence of the external environment on its potential of economic security, which can both negatively affect the economic security and promote further economic development. The most appropriate approach to determining the impact of the environment on the functioning of machine-building enterprises is a logistical approach, which allows to trace changes within individual components of the system and its subsystems and mutual influence. It is suggested to assess the impact of the external environment on the potential of economic security of the enterprise using qualitative forecasting by calculating an integral indicator that characterizes the impact of socio-demographic environment, scientific-technological environment, economic environment, political-institutional environment on the potential of economic security, which enables the enterprise quickly adapting to change and making strategic decisions for further development. The system of strategic and operational control of the functioning of the enterprise is formed, based on the analysis and control of the environment, the definition and control of the potential and zone of economic security, formulation and control of strategic guidelines, which allows to develop recommendations for harmonization of the management of the potential of economic security of enterprises. A methodical approach to assessing the economic security potential of enterprises by production, financial and personnel components was developed and tested based on the selection of the most significant indicators through qualitative forecasting and correlation-regression analysis, which ensured the construction of multifactor models of components and allowed to determine the directions of increasing the potential of economic security of enterprises both on the domestic and foreign markets. The definition of the level of potential of economic security of enterprises is formed by calculating the integral indicator on the basis of qualimetric forecasting, which makes it possible to form strategic orientations for managing the potential of economic security of enterprises. The proposed assessment of the level of potential of economic security of the enterprise allows: adequately assess the ability and readiness of the enterprise for development and stable functioning; analyze and forecast trends in the enterprise development, identify its strengths and weaknesses; to prepare recommendations for enhancing the economic security potential of the enterprise and the mechanism for their implementation. The matrix of determination of the economic security zone based on the factors of the external environment of functioning of enterprises and the available potential of economic security is offered, which allows to develop measures to increase the competitiveness of machine-building enterprises both in the external and internal market. The choice of strategic guidelines for managing the potential of economic security of machine-building enterprises is substantiated by constructing a hierarchy, making pairwise comparisons of the criteria for choosing strategic benchmarks with respect to the focus of the hierarchy, that allowing to ensure a balanced rate of permanent growth and safe development of the enterprise, taking into account its protection against changes in internal and external threats for a rather long period of time. The model of substantiation of choice of directions of increase of level of enterprise`s potential of economic safety depending on its strategic orientations based on determination of correspondence of level of potential of economic security of enterprise to the level of influence of external environment and choice of possible measures is developed. The process of forming the energy management system of a machine-building enterprise based on the IDEF0 functional modeling methodology has been developed, the process details have been identified, the process inputs and outputs, control influences and mechanisms of implementation (personnel, technical means, organizational-methodological support and finances) have been carried out, which allows successful implementation of any of the selected areas and increase the energy efficiency of machine-building enterprises. Strategic orientations for differentiated growth and increase of the level of economic security zone of PJSC "Volchansk Aggregate Plant", SE "Kharkiv Aircraft Repair Plant "Tora", SE "Odessa Aviation Plant", SE "Kharkiv Machine Building Plant" "Fed", SJSC "Dnipropetrovsk repair plant”, SE "Lutsk repair plant "Motor", PJSC "MOTOR SICH" are justified. Strategic guidelines were selected based on objective information about the state of their economic security potential as well as the actual level of their economic security zone.

An analysis of the current domestic and foreign literature on corporate governance. The questions of analysis, dynamics and control risks associated with the operation and development corporations that allows you to explore a range of challenges, threats, hazards that affect the structure and development of corporate security. Analysis of research on the creation and development of a new direction - a corporate security. When you are citing the document, use the following link http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/36239

Thesis (M.A. in Security Studies (Homeland Security and Defense))--Naval Postgraduate School, June 2004.
Thesis advisor(s): Maria Rasmussen. Includes bibliographical references (p. 57-59). Also available online.

Problem: In the world of today’s business, there is a trend for investors not only to base their decisions whether to invest in a company on the basis of its financial results.

These days more features are taken into consideration. Corporate identity is a crucial aspect to bear in mind for investors, as it demonstrates what the company is, how it works and where it is going. Corporate Communication is a process that allows companies to share their information with the stakeholders. Not every company is aware

of the significance of communicating its corporate identity to investors. These represent a basis for the company, since their support is needed to achieve the organization’s objectives. Furthermore, communication of corporate identity to investors represents an opportunity for a company to achieve its goals. The importance and relation of corporate identity and communication to investors is becoming a relevant issue not only for them but also for stakeholders.

Problem: In the world of today’s business, there is a trend for investors not only to base their decisions whether to invest in a company on the basis of its financial results. These days more features are taken into consideration. Corporate identity is a crucial aspect to bear in mind for investors, as it demonstrates what the company is, how it works and where it is going. Corporate Communication is a process that allows companies to share their information with the stakeholders. Not every company is aware of the significance of communicating its corporate identity to investors. These represent a basis for the company, since their support is needed to achieve the organization’s objectives. Furthermore, communication of corporate identity to investors represents an opportunity for a company to achieve its goals. The importance and relation of corporate identity and communication to investors is becoming a relevant issue not only for them but also for stakeholders.

Purpose: The purpose of this thesis is to investigate corporate identity and its communication, as a key component, to investors.

Method: The authors have conducted a case study of the Chemical and Mining Company of Chile Inc. (SQM). A qualitative method approach has been used to achieve the purpose. Self-administered questionnaires have been used to gather empirical data.

Conclusion: The case study has led to conclusions on how important it is for SQM to communicate its corporate identity to investors. SQM’s corporate identity is seen as an instrument to differentiate, compete and communicate with investors. SQM’s visual identity is an instrument to communicate the evolution of the company. The company is using behavior, symbolism and communication as the main channels to transmit its corporate identity to investors. SQM’s investor relations show a clear awareness of the need for communication with its investors and financial stakeholders. This is supported by the development of their website and the information collected through the questionnaire. Finally, the authors conclude that corporate identity and its communication, as a key component, is essential for SQM. Its investor relations department and website show that it is very important for the company to communicate to investors its identity.

Submitted by Lucas Bubman Dyskant (lucasbubman@hotmail.com) on 2017-11-28T15:33:56Z No. of bitstreams: 2 EPGE - Final.pdf: 765762 bytes, checksum: 516f76f53430680a81d511305bdde1be (MD5) EPGE - Final.pdf: 765762 bytes, checksum: 516f76f53430680a81d511305bdde1be (MD5)
Approved for entry into archive by GILSON ROCHA MIRANDA (gilson.miranda@fgv.br) on 2017-12-07T19:31:14Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 EPGE - Final.pdf: 765762 bytes, checksum: 516f76f53430680a81d511305bdde1be (MD5) EPGE - Final.pdf: 765762 bytes, checksum: 516f76f53430680a81d511305bdde1be (MD5)
Made available in DSpace on 2017-12-08T17:08:53Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 EPGE - Final.pdf: 765762 bytes, checksum: 516f76f53430680a81d511305bdde1be (MD5) EPGE - Final.pdf: 765762 bytes, checksum: 516f76f53430680a81d511305bdde1be (MD5)
We find that illiquidity remains a major factor in explaining corporate spreads. Illiquidity is second only to the credit risk itself. This effect is surprising given that the corporate debt trading activity has more than doubled in the US since the financial crisis of 2008. Longer bonds are substantially more illiquid than shorter bonds as one additional year in time to mature dries liquidity by 16%. We regress monthly cross-sectional corporate yield spreads on our return-based illiquidity measure, controlling for other variables such as the CDS spread and volatility. We find that a one standard deviation increase in illiquidity widens spreads by 26 basis points.
Nós encontramos que a iliquidez remanesce um importante fator explicativo em spreads de títulos corporativos. A iliquidez é menos importante somente do que o próprio risco de crédito. Este efeito é surpreendente dado que o volume de negociação de dívida privada mais do que dobrou nos EUA desde a crise financeira de 2008. Títulos longos são substancialmente mais ilíquidos do que títulos mais curtos, uma vez que um ano adicional na maturidade seca a liquidez em 16%. Nós regredimos cross-sections mensais de spreads de taxas privadas em nossa medida de iliquidez baseada em retornos, controlando por outro fatores como o CDS e a volatilidade. Nós encontramos que um aumento de um desvio padrão na iliquidez aumenta os spreads em 26 pontos-base.

In modern conditions of the market economy development, the deepening of integration and globalization, the importance of taxes in providing financial security is growing. Taxes and tax policy in modern conditions is one of the most important objects of market reforms. Taking into account that taxes have a significant impact on the economy, the budget system, financial support of local authorities, tax security is an important element of the system of financial security ensuring. To our mind the tax security of the country is such condition of the tax system, which is characterized by the stability of all its elements and provides the growth of resource potential of the country with the purpose of the providing of socio-economic development of the state.

Introduction: There are many components that are required for an organisation to be successful in its chosen field. These components vary from corporate culture, to corporate leadership, to effective protection of important assets. These and many more contribute to the success of an organisation. One component that should be a definitive part in the strategy of any organisation is information security. Information security is one of the fastest growing sub-disciplines in the Information Technology industry, indicating the importance of this field (Zylt, 2001, online). Information security is concerned with the implementation and support of control measures to protect the confidentiality, integrity and availability of electronically stored information (BS 7799-1, 1999, p 1). Information security is achieved by applying control measures that will lessen the threat, reduce the vulnerability or diminish the impact of losing an information asset. However, as a result of the fact that an increasing number of employees have access to information, the protection of information is no longer only dependent on physical and technical controls, but also, to a large extent, on the actions of employees utilising information resources. All employees have a role to play in safeguarding information and they need guidance in fulfilling these roles (Barnard, 1998, p 12). This guidance should originate from senior management, using good corporate governance practices. The effective leadership resulting from good corporate governance practices is another component in an organisation that contributes to its success (King Report, 2001, p 11). Corporate governance is defined as the exercise of power over and responsibility for corporate entities (Blackwell Publishers, 2000, online). Senior management, as part of its corporate governance duties, should encourage employees to adhere to the behaviour specified by senior management to contribute towards a successful organisation. Senior management should not dictate this behaviour, but encourage it as naturally as possible, resulting in the correct behaviour becoming part of the corporate culture. If the inner workings of organisations are explored it would be found that there are many hidden forces at work that determine how senior management and the employees relate to one another and to customers. These hidden forces are collectively called the culture of the organisation (Hagberg Consulting Group, 2002, online). Cultural assumptions in organisations grow around how people in the organisation relate to each other, but that is only a small part of what corporate culture actually covers (Schein, 1999, p 28). Corporate culture is the outcome of all the collective, taken-for-granted assumptions that a group has learned throughout history. Corporate culture is the residue of success. In other words, it is the set of procedures that senior management and employees of an organisation follow in order to be successful (Schein, 1999, p 29). Cultivating an effective corporate culture, managing an organisation using efficient corporate governance practices and protecting the valuable information assets of an organisation through an effective information security program are, individually, all important components in the success of an organisation. One of the biggest questions with regard to these three fields is the relationship that should exist between information security, corporate governance and corporate culture. In other words, what can the senior management of an organisation, using effective corporate governance practices, do to ensure that information security practices become a subconscious response in the corporate culture?.

Information Security is currently viewed from a technical point of view only. Some authors believe that Information Security is a process that involves more than merely Risk Management at the department level, as it is also a strategic and potentially legal issue. Hence, there is a need to elevate the importance of Information Security to a governance level through Information Security Governance and propose a framework to help guide the Board of Directors in their Information Security Governance efforts. IT is a major facilitator of organizational business processes and these processes manipulate and transmit sensitive customer and financial information. IT, which involves major risks, may threaten the security if corporate information assets. Therefore, IT requires attention at board level to ensure that technology-related information risks are within an organization’s accepted risk appetite. However, IT issues are a neglected topic at board level and this could bring about enronesque disasters. Therefore, there is a need for the Board of Directors to direct and control IT-related risks effectively to reduce the potential for Information Security breaches and bring about a stronger system of internal control. The IT Oversight Committee is a proven means of achieving this, and this study further motivates the necessity for such a committee to solidify an organization’s Information Security posture among other IT-related issues.

The Heimdal Framework presented in this thesis is a step towards an unambiguous framework that reveals the objective strength and weaknesses of the security of components. It provides a way to combine different aspects affecting the security of components - such as category requirements, implemented security functionality and the environment in which it operates - in a modular way, making each module replaceable in the event that a more accurate module is developed.

The environment is assessed and quantified through a methodology presented as a part of the Heimdal Framework. The result of the evaluation is quantitative data, which can be presented with varying degrees of detail, reflecting the needs of the evaluator.

The framework is flexible and divides the problem space into smaller, more accomplishable subtasks with the means to focus on specific problems, aspects or system scopes. The evaluation method is focusing on technological components and is based on, but not limited to, the Security Functional Requirements (SFR) of the Common Criteria.

Security and information systems are intertwined. The costs of secure systems are in the billions of dollars. In the digital world, security vulnerabilities and threats work contrary to the security goals of confidentiality, integrity, and availability of information systems. The essay describes a view of organizations and their policies, network systems, operating systems, software applications, information, and people joined interactively and dependently in an environment. The paper presents an ecological conception of security.

Attention is coalescing around water and climate change, and the agendas for water security and climate action are converging. There is growing appreciation of water as a crosscutting mechanism for improving the effectiveness of global and national climate change policies (Smith et al., 2019). Water has long been recognised as a central component of climate change impacts as well as being an important consideration in mitigation and effective adaptation – where it can be both an enabling factor and a limiting factor (UN-Water, 2019). However, the connections go beyond just recognising the importance of water for climate change or simply making the “water sector” climate resilient; there is a need for system-wide coherence on water across different national and international agendas and transformational change of water management (UNESCO, UN-Water, 2020). The water crisis and the climate crisis require urgent action, and call for sustained and integrated support, leveraging complementary resources, with enhanced coordination in the context of growing uncertainties. As countries review and implement their Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) as part of the Paris Agreement, there is a unique opportunity to improve and enhance water management practices to increase climate resilience, improve ecosystems and reduce the risk of water-related disasters (UN-Water, 2019).