Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Complexant'
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Trippé, Gaëlle. "Du macrocycle complexant à l'electrode modifiée : synthèse et propriétés." Angers, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001ANGE0028.
Full textSeveral molecular receptors of metallic cations, associating the tetrathiafulvalene unit to a chelating site have been synthesized. The design optimization, in relation to the basic systems concerns : the redox site (the choice of a bis-pyrrolo TTF skeleton avoids the Z/E isomerization problems met with the tetrathio TTF derivatives) ; the chelating unit (the preparation of macrocycles varying by their size (polyoxaethylene chains) or by their nature (polyether chain, diazacrown, dioxocyclam) should allow trapping of other cations. These syntheses have been carried our using high-pressure or high-dilution techniques. Complexation properties of these host molecules have been determined using different methods (mass spectrometry, NMR, UV-visible spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetry). Unprecedented properties in the TTF receptors family, for the complexation of Ba2+ and Pb2+, have been found. The switchable character of metal chelation, as a function of the applied electrochemical potential, has been demonstrated by cyclic voltammetry. . .
Jacquet, Violleau Válérie Molinier Jacques. "Déminéralisation par électrodialyse en présence d'un complexant application au lactoserum /." Toulouse : INP Toulouse, 2004. http://ethesis.inp-toulouse.fr/archive/00000013.
Full textJacquet, Violleau Válérie. "Déminéralisation par électrodialyse en présence d'un complexant : application au lactoserum." Toulouse, INPT, 1999. http://ethesis.inp-toulouse.fr/archive/00000013/.
Full textBrun, Germaine. "Pouvoir complexant des matières humiques : effets sur l'alimentation minérale des végétaux." Toulouse, INPT, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993INPT010A.
Full textGharnati, Fatima. "Conformation et structure de calix[4]arènes complexant des molécules neutres." Lyon 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991LYO10111.
Full textRINGENBACH, ERIC. "Stabilismation d'un oxyde soluble par un polyelectrolyte complexant les produits de dissolution." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994STR13020.
Full textAl, Ali Fatima. "Etude du mode d'agrégation et du pouvoir complexant de nouveaux amphiphiles phosphorés polyfonctionnels." Toulouse 3, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002TOU30125.
Full textAlluis, Bertrand. "Modifications chimiques de flavonoïdes : études de leurs pouvoirs complexant (protéines, métaux, pigments) et antioxydant." Lyon 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000LYO10203.
Full textSakri, El-Bahri. "Etude cinétique de la polymérisation photochimique du méthacrylate de méthyle en présence d'agents complexant organochloroaluminiques." Paris 6, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA066140.
Full textRekab, Kamal. "Étude de la dégradation de molécules organiques complexant des radionucléides par l’utilisation de Procédés d’Oxydation Avancée." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LYO10172.
Full textThis work is part of a possible treatment of effluents of Very Low Level (VLL). Some of these effluents contain 60Co which is complexed with organic compounds such as ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), which limits existing treatments by conventional methods. This PhD work focuses on the evaluation of the efficiency of Advanced Oxidation Processes (UV / H2O2 and UV / TiO2) in order to degrade EDTA to release 60Co and thus trap it (by precipitation and / or adsorption on mineral matrices). Indeed, the adsorption study has demonstrated the ability of TiO2 to adsorb cobalt when it is not complexed. The total precipitation of cobalt is possible at pH 10 but can be performed at pH 9 in the presence of UV-C irradiation. The photon flux emitted by the lamp was determined by chemical actinometry and by the Keitz method which gave similar results. The effectiveness of the various processes to degrade EDTA and the Co-EDTA complex was studied by considering the influence of several parameters (pH, agitation mode, type of catalyst, H2O2 concentration, etc.). Under their optimal conditions, the UV / TiO2 and UV / H2O2 processes can effectively degrade and mineralize EDTA (nitrogen compounds that are essentially mineralized to ammonium). After degradation of the Co-EDTA complex, it is then possible to recover all the cobalt by adsorption on TiO2 and / or by precipitation. The processes were then applied to a nuclear effluent containing 60Co complexed with organic compounds. POAs have significantly improved decontamination factors compared to conventional treatment methods
Leygue, Nadine. "Macrocyclisation en séries lactame, lactone et thiolactone mise en évidence d'un tétralactame comme complexant sélectif du calcium /." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1987. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb376073973.
Full textLEYGUE, ESTREME NADINE. "Macrocylisation en series lactame, lactone et thiolactone : mise en evidence d'un tetralactame comme complexant selectif du calcium." Toulouse 3, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987TOU30124.
Full textPasquier, Sacha. "Développement d’une méthode de criblage de molécules chélatantes de l’uranium : applications à l’extraction sélective de U(VI) en milieu sulfurique." Thesis, Paris 11, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA112359.
Full textThe search of molecules with a specific affinity for a metal is at the basis of many processes for selective recovery. This is the case for uranium that is extracted from mines, and isolated as a result of several steps among which a solvent extraction step from a concentrated juice of sulfuric acid. To overcome some drawbacks of the current extraction process, new chelating molecules of uranium must be determined. This is possible by using a screening method to quickly compare a large number of molecules. To date, there is no method to effectively test the complexing power and selectivity of molecules for uranium in highly acidic media. The screening method proposed in this work is based on ligand displacement reactions observed by UV-visible from the Arsenazo III-UO₂²⁺ reference complex where Arsenazo III is a chromogenic molecule displaying a strong affinity for uranium. Several ligands out of four molecular families (hydrazides, dihydrazones and (mono, bis)-phosphonates) were screened. These tests - carried out in monophasic MeOH/H₂SO₄ mixtures - provided an affinity order of di hydrazones related to the nature of functionalization of the "di-hydrazone skeleton". The effect of substituents on coordination with the UO₂²⁺ ion could be reproduced by DFT calculations (Density Functional Theory). Moreover, an independent approach by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry permitted to corroborate the affinity order and to evaluate the U(VI)/Fe(III) selectivity, as iron(III) is often found quantitatively in juices. The screening method applied to bis-phosphonate ligands (in H₂SO₄ aqueous medium), already studied for the in vivo removal of uranium in biological conditions, showed very strong uranophiles while some of them were unexpected. These results highlight relationships between the bis phosphonate structures and their complexation efficiency. With this new method of search, validated on some molecular families, new trails can be considered for the selection of molecular design or the use of innovative molecules in extraction processes
VAUFREY-MARY, FRANCOISE. "Approche par r. M. N. De la structure spatiale d'antibiotiques ionophores complexant les cations monovalents : monensine, cationomycine, sels et derives." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990CLF21243.
Full textHuang, Wenyu. "Procédés de Fenton et photo-Fenton homogène et hétérogène : impact d'un agent complexant du fer, l'acide éthylènediamine-N,N'-disuccinique (EDDS)." Phd thesis, Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand II, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00788822.
Full textBouhsina, Saâd. "Pouvoir complexant des sucres acides avec les ions métalliques. Complexation de l'acide lactobionique avec les ions cuivre(II) et oxovanadium(IV)." Lille 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991LIL10174.
Full textHuang, Wenyu. "Procédés de Fenton et photo-Fenton homogène et hétérogène : impact d’un agent complexant du fer, l’acide éthylènediamine-N,N’-disuccinique (EDDS)." Thesis, Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012CLF22241/document.
Full textIn this study we used the bisphenol A (BPA) as a model pollutant to analyse the efficiency of the Fenton and photo-Fenton processes. In the first part of the thesis, we studied the Fenton process in the presence of the complex Fe(III)-EDDS used as iron source. Different physicochemical parameters (concentrations of H2O2, Fe(III)-EDDS, O2 and pH) were tested with the goal to optimized the efficiency of the system in terms of BPA degradation. In the same time, the same kind of experiments were performed in the presence of light (emission from 300 to 450 nm) to study the photo-Fenton process. In the two cases (Fenton and photo-Fenton), we observed a strong and not usual pH effect. Indeed, the degradation of BPA is faster and more important when the pH is higher in the range between 3.0 and 9.0. To understand the mechanisms involved in such processes, some inhibition experiments of radicals (·OH and HO2●/O2●-) were performed. One of the most important conclusion of this research work is that the Fe(III)-EDDS complex plays a very positive role for the degradation of BPA. Moreover, in the presence of Fe(III)-EDDS the Fenton and photo-Fenton processes are very efficient in neutral and slightly basic pH. The comparison with other iron complexes (EDTA,citrate, oxalate) shows that in the presence of Fe(III)-EDDS complex we obtained the better efficiency for the degradation of BPA. This result and the fact that Fe(III)-EDDS is efficient until pH 9.0 show that Fe(III)-EDDS complex is really a promising iron source for the Fenton and photo-Fenton processes. In a third part, we studied the effect of EDDS in a heterogeneous system in the presence of Goethite as an iron source. In this chapter, we demonstrated that the presence of EDDS is detrimental for the Fenton process and leads to an inhibition of the process. In fact, EDDS is strongly adsorbed at the surface of the Goethite and avoid the reactivity of H2O2 at the Goethite surface. On the contrary, in the photo-Fenton process EDDS increases the efficiency of the BPA degradation for pHs near 7.0 and at low H2O2 concentrations
RIVET, SEBASTIEN. "Extraction avec le dioxyde de carbone supercritique et en presence d'un agent complexant du cation uranyle contenu dans les solutions de retraitement." Paris 6, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA066609.
Full textPhan, Guillaume. "Approches pharmacocinétique et pharmacotechnique de la décorporation d'actinides par un agent complexant in vivo : application à la mise au point de nouveaux traitements." Paris 11, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA114808.
Full textParamonov, Sergey. "Benzo- et naphtopyranes annelés par des éthers couronnes : synthèse, photochromisme et pouvoir complexant vis-à-vis des cations métalliques et des acides aminés." Thesis, Aix-Marseille 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010AIX22108/document.
Full textPhotochromic chromenes are widely used in modern technologies due to their abilityto change their properties upon UV irradiation. The chromenes presented in this work alsopossess fragments able to participate to the coordination with metal cations, amino acids, orDNA. These properties may sustain mutual influence on each other resulting in either photocontrolof complexing ability or photochromism tunable by complex formation.This work is divided in two parts, one devoted to the synthesis of the targetcompounds and the second to study on the complexing ability of the substances,respectively. Thus, the synthetic approaches to photochromic benzo- and naphthopyrans,annelated to the crown ether moieties of different size and heteroatomic composition, weredeveloped. The complex formation of several chromenes with metal cations wasinvestigated by means of UV-Vis absorption and NMR spectroscopies. The metal cationnature was found to determine the stoichiometry of the complexes as well as their spatialstructure. The complex formation was found to affect the photochromic properties of thecompounds, especially the bleaching rate. Investiga.on of complexation of the chromeneswith protonated amino acids revealed that, depending on the length of the carbon chain ofthe acid used, mono- or ditopic complexes may be formed.The interaction of the new chromene, possessing a positively charged group, with DNAwas also studied. In contrast to the initial form, the photo-induced colored form was foundto intercalate with DNA
Blanchard, Pascal. "Synthèse de catalyseurs CoMo/Al2O3 par ajout d'un agent complexant. Amélioration de leurs performances catalytiques en hydrodésulfuration de gazoles lourds par ajout de dopants." Lille 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995LIL10041.
Full textCerneaux, Sophie. "Matériaux hybrides auto-organisés fonctionnels à complexant macrocyclique et fonction urée pour la réalisation de membranes à transport facilité : étude du transport de solutes biologiques." Montpellier 2, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003MON20131.
Full textSantos, Laudo Claumir. "Funções complexas de uma variavel complexa : uma abordagem via software mathematica." [s.n.], 1998. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/306670.
Full textDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Matematica, Estatistica e Computação Cientifica
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Liu, Lu. "Exploration de la chimie de l'astate en solution : focalisation sur le diagramme de Pourbaix en milieu non complexant et caractérisation de liaisons halogènes induites par l'astate." Thesis, Ecole nationale supérieure Mines-Télécom Atlantique Bretagne Pays de la Loire, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020IMTA0205.
Full textAstatine (At, Z = 85) is a scarce halogen element, all of its isotopes being radioactive. Due to the limited available quantities, no spectroscopic tool is applicable to identify the molecular nature of At species. Consequently, the chemistry of At remains poorly known. One of its isotopes, ²¹¹At, is a potential candidate for the treatment of cancers by targeted alpha therapy. However, the limited knowledge of its chemical properties has hindered attempts to label ²¹¹At with disease targeting carrier molecules. This led to the development of a research program on the basic chemistry of At. This thesis focuses more particularly on the Pourbaix diagram of astatine and the characterization of halogen bonds with the AtI species, by means of various experimental tools (ion chromatography, competition method and electromobility). In the first part, speciation studies of At in alkaline medium confirm the presence of the At⁻ species under reducing conditions. As the potential increases, the AtO(OH)₂⁻ species is formed. The speciation change between these two species is described for the first time. In a second part, the formation of halogen bonds between the AtI species and various organic compounds was studied. The reactivity is summarized by a newly established basicity scale, with the strength between the donor (AtI) and the acceptor atom following the order of C≤ O ≤ S (≈ Se)
Violleau, David. "Intérêt du fractionnement et de l'extraction des matières organiques naturelles d'eaux de surface pour l'étude de leurs propriétés structurales et de leur pouvoir complexant vis-à-vis du cuivre." Poitiers, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999POIT2360.
Full textGestin, Jean-François. "Synthese de nouveaux chelates et etudes de leur pouvoir complexant, pour le marquage des anticorps monoclonaux par des radionucleides metalliques, en vue de l'immunoscintigraphie et de la radioimmunotherapie des cancers." Nantes, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990NANT2052.
Full textALLAIN, FRANCOISE. "Complexation des cations alcalins par les calixarenes en electrospray/spectrometrie de masse, specificite pour le cesium, influence de la solvatation sur les especes ioniques et stabilite radiolytique du milieu complexant." Paris 6, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA066008.
Full textDias, Sanderlir Silva. "EletrodeposiÃÃo e caracterizaÃÃo de Ligas SnZn sobre carbono vÃtreo." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2006. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=1440.
Full textAs soldas de SnPb para interconexÃo metÃlica tÃm longa histÃria. Entretanto, a toxicidade do chumbo tem estimulado pesquisas para desenvolver novos materiais com aplicaÃÃes na indÃstria eletrÃnica. Uma solda substituta à a liga binÃria SnZn, objeto de estudo deste trabalho. Os resultados voltamÃtricos sugerem que SnZn eletrodepositado à formado de modo eutÃtico. Segundo experimentos idrodinÃmicos, somente o estanho tem controle difusional durante a eletrodeposiÃÃo. A liga SnZn tem um rendimento em funÃÃo da carga depositada e dissolvida por voltametria cÃclica em torno de 46%, sendo que 82% deste total corresponde aos processos relativos ao estanho. AlÃm disto, cerca de 60% da carga de estanho refere-se à deposiÃÃo simultÃnea na mesma regiÃo de deposiÃÃo do zinco. Quando as concentraÃÃes de Sn2+ e Zn2+ nÃo eram estequiomÃtricas, a eficiÃncia do processo de deposiÃÃo/dissoluÃÃo apresentou uma diminuiÃÃo. TambÃm houve diminuiÃÃo deste parÃmetro quando o Ãcido tartÃrico foi substituÃdo pelo Ãcido cÃtrico/citrato de sÃdio e quando houve uma adiÃÃo simultÃnea de ambos os complexantes. Uma possÃvel explicaÃÃo dessa diminuiÃÃo à o forte desprendimento de hidrogÃnio que acontece nestes sistemas. DepÃsitos obtidos potenciostaticamente em diferentes potenciais de inversÃo favorecem a deposiÃÃo de zinco. Os espectros de Energia Dispersiva de Raios-X sugerem que os eletrodepÃsitos obedecem a composiÃÃo do banho eletrolÃtico. As micrografias obtidas por Microscopia EletrÃnica de varredura para os metais individuais permitem visualizar a formaÃÃo de cristais nodulares e aciculares para os depÃsitos de estanho, e apenas cristais nodulares para os depÃsitos de zinco. Jà as micrografias para os diferentes materiais eletrodepositados permitem visualizar a formaÃÃo de cristais nodulares e homogeneamente distribuÃdos em toda a superfÃcie eletrÃdica. Um estudo comparativo usando as tÃcnicas eletroquÃmicas de cronoamperometria e Voltametria Linear de DissoluÃÃo AnÃdica foi realizado na determinaÃÃo da carga de estanho dissolvido. Os resultados para as cargas de estanho em ambas as tÃcnicas forma prÃximos, com pequenas variaÃÃes, apresentando erros distribuÃdos de forma randÃmica.
Eutectic SnPb solder alloys have widely been used in the assembly of modern electronic devices. However, because lead and its compounds are known to be toxic to the human body and cause serious environmental problems. A substitute weld would be a alloy binary SnZn, theme of study of this work. The voltammetry results suggest that SnZn in both electroplated and formed in an eutetic way. According to the hydrodynamics experiments, only tin has a difusional control. The SnZn alloy has a coulomb efficiency of electrodeposition around 46%, where 82% of this efficiency are related to tin process. Moreover, about 60% of the charge of tin is simultaneously deposited in the same region of deposition the zinc. When concentration of Sn2+ is different of concentration of Zn2+, the efficiency of the process of deposition/dissolution presented one decreases. There was also decrease not only when the tartaric acid in substituted by citric acid/ sodium citrate but also when the two complexants were added simultaneously. This occurs probably due to strong hydrogen evolution facilitates in these systems. Deposits formed in potenciostatic condition in different inversion potentials favor the zinc deposition. Using dispersive energy of rays-X, the atomic percentage of the constituent of the league was determined, and specters suggest that eletrodeposits obey the composition of the bath. The micrographies obtained for scanned electronic micrography for individual metals allow to visualizate of nodular and needles crystals for the tin, and only nodular crystals for the zinc deposits. The micrographs for the different electroplated materials alloy to visualize of crystals nodular and uniform coating. A comparative study using the electrochemical techniques Linear Sweep Voltammetry, Chronoamperometry and Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectroscopy (ICPOES), for tin determination was performed. The tin taxes determined for both methods are close, presenting small variations, where the errors are randomically.
Toura, Hanae. "Elaboration and characterization by electrochemical technique CZTS thin layers for photovoltaic application." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de València, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/154334.
Full text[ES] El aumento de las necesidades energéticas, particularmente en términos de protección del medio ambiente, ha estimulado en gran medida la investigación en el campo de la conversión fotovoltaica en los últimos años. La radiación solar proporciona un recurso excelente para producir electricidad limpia y sostenible sin contaminación tóxica o calentamiento global, pero en términos de alta demanda de energía eléctrica, así como la toxicidad o escasez de componentes que constituyen las células solares, esta tecnología de transformación solar todavía es algo limitada. En consecuencia estos parámetros constituyen las principales preocupaciones ambientales que rodean a la industria fotovoltaica. El compuesto Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) puede considerarse como uno de los materiales absorbentes más prometedores para las células solares de película delgada de bajo costo. La abundancia y la no toxicidad de los elementos constitutivos de este prometedor material es el tema de este trabajo. Este objetivo nos ha llevado a pensar en optimizar los parámetros que influyen en la formación de capas delgadas por métodos electroquímicos. La técnica de deposición electroquímica o electrodeposición catódica ofrece una alternativa ventajosa desde un punto de vista económico y especialmente ofrece la posibilidad de utilizar sustratos de gran superficie. El enfoque inicial fue determinar los parámetros óptimos para el proceso de desarrollo de película delgada cuaternaria de CZTS. La electrodeposición se implementó mediante la técnica de polarización de un electrodo por el método potenciostático, o sea a potencial constante. Debido a que esta técnica se basa en el potencial de deposición de cada sustancia que constituye el baño electrolítico, se ha llevado a cabo un estudio sobre el efecto de los factores de complejidad para acercar estos potenciales de reducción. Una vez fueron depositadas las capas, se continuó con el estudio del proceso de recocido, que es un paso necesario en la formación de capas absorbentes de CZTS bajo la influencia del factor de complejidad, debido a que conviene reducir la temperatura de recocido mientras se intenta conservan las propiedades del material. Se sintetizaron películas de kesterita de alta calidad con una morfología compacta y una estructura cristalina bien definida a bajas temperaturas usando Na2SO4 como agente acomplejante. Posteriormente, las películas de kesterita CZTS se prepararon en diferentes sustratos conductores (ITO, FTO y Mo / vidrio) para estudiar el efecto del contacto posterior. Comprobamos que el mejor comportamiento se produce para una combinación específica de los parámetros estudiados. En particular este trabajo nos ha permitido controlar la composición de las películas depositadas, dominar el proceso de recocido y usar las técnicas de caracterización necesarias para evaluar la composicion, calidad y propiedades optoelectrónicas de las capas de CZTS sintetizadas. Finalmente, nuestra estrategia implementa una simulación digital de la célula solar CZTS utilizando el software SCAPS-1D. Después de la visualización experimental de las capas delgadas de CZTS en diferentes sustratos conductores, el modelado por el software SCAPS1D del dispositivo de células solares CZTS demostró que el contacto trasero Mo ofrece los mejores rendimientos.
[FR] L'augmentation des besoins énergétiques, notamment en matière de protection de l'environnement, a fortement stimulé la recherche dans le domaine de la conversion photovoltaïque ces dernières années. Le rayonnement solaire fournit une excellente ressource pour produire de l'électricité propre et durable sans pollution toxique ni réchauffement climatique, mais en termes de forte demande d'énergie pour la production de l’électricité ainsi que la toxicité ou la rareté des composants constituent les cellules solaires, cette technologie de transformation solaire est encore un peu limitée. En raison que ces paramètres constituent les principales préoccupations environnementales entourant l'industrie photovoltaïque. Le composé C2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) peut être considéré comme l'un des matériaux de couche absorbante les plus prometteurs pour les cellules solaires en couches minces à faible coût. L’abondance et la non-toxicité des éléments constitutifs ce matériau prometteur fait l'objet de ce travail. De toute évidence, cela nous amène à réfléchir pour optimiser les autres paramètres influençant la formation de couches minces par la méthode d'électrodéposition. Une technique de dépôt par voie électrochimique qui offre une alternative avantageuse du point de vue économique et surtout de la possibilité d’utiliser des substrats de grande surface. Initialement, l'accent était mis sur la détermination des paramètres optimaux pour le processus d’élaboration de couches minces du quaternaire CZTS. L'électrodéposition est mise en œuvre par la technique de polarisation d'une électrode potentiostatique. En raison, que cette technique reposant sur le potentiel de dépôt de chaque substance constituant le bain électrolytique, une étude a été menée sur l'effet des facteurs de complexité afin de rapprocher ces potentiels de réduction. Ensuite, Le processus de recuit qui est une étape nécessaire dans la formation de couches absorbantes en CZTS a été maîtriser, sous l'influence du facteur de complexité en raison de réduire la température de recuit tout en conservant les propriétés du matériau. Des films de kësterite de haute qualité avec une morphologie compacte et une structure cristalline bien définie à basse température ont été synthétisés en utilisant Na2SO4 comme agent complexant. Par la suite, les films de kestérite CZTS ont été préparés sur différents substrats conducteurs (ITO, FTO et Mo / verre) en raison de spécifier l'effet du contact arrière. Le meilleur comportement est une combinaison spécifique des paramètres étudiés. Ces travaux ont permis notamment de maîtriser la composition des films déposés, le processus de recuit ainsi que les techniques de caractérisation nécessaire. Finalement, notre stratégie met en œuvre une simulation numérique de la cellule solaire CZTS à l'aide du logiciel SCAPS − 1D. Après la visualisation expérimentale des couches minces de Czts sur différent substrats conducteur, une modélisation par le logiciel SCAPS-1D du dispositif CZTS cellules solaires a montré que le Mo contact arrière monte les meilleures performances.
[CA] L'augment de les necessitats energètiques, particularment en termes de protecció de l'entorn, ha estimulat en gran mesura la investigació en el camp de la conversió fotovoltaica en els últims anys. La radiació solar proporciona un recurs excel·lent per produir electricitat neta i sostenible sense contaminació tòxica ni escalfament global, però en termes de l'alta demanda d'energia elèctrica, així com la toxicitat o escassetat de components que constitueixen les cèl·lules solars, aquesta tecnologia de transformació solar encara trova barreres limitadores. En conseqüència aquests paràmetres constitueixen les principals preocupacions ambientals que envolten a la indústria fotovoltaica. El compost Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) pot considerar-se com un dels materials absorbents més prometedors per a les cèl·lules solars de pel·lícula prima i de baix cost. L'abundància i la no toxicitat dels elements constitutius d'aquest prometedor material és el tema d'aquest treball. Aquest objectiu ens ha portat a treballar en l’optimització dels paràmetres que influeixen en la formació de capes primes de CZTS per mètodes electroquímics. La tècnica de deposició electroquímica o electrodeposició catòdica ofereix una alternativa avantatjosa des d'un punt de vista econòmic i especialment ofereix la possibilitat d'utilitzar substrats de gran superfície. L'enfocament inicial va ser determinar els paràmetres òptims per al procés de desenvolupament d’una pel·lícula prima quaternària de CZTS. La electrodeposició es va implementar mitjançant la tècnica de polarització d'un elèctrode pel mètode potenciostàtic, o siga a potencial constant. Aquesta tècnica es basa en el potencial de deposició de cada substància que constitueix el bany electrolític es diferent i per tant s'ha dut a terme un estudi sobre l'efecte dels factors de complexitat per tal apropar aquests potencials de reducció de tots els components involucrats. Un cop van ser dipositades les capes, es va continuar amb l’estudi del procés de recuit, que és un pas necessari en la formació de capes absorbents de CZTS sota la influència del factor de complexitat, a causa de la reducció de la temperatura de recuit mentre es conserven les propietats de l'material. Es van sintetitzar pel·lícules de kesterita d'alta qualitat amb una morfologia compacta i una estructura cristal·lina ben definida a baixes temperatures usant Na2SO4 com a agent acomplexant. Posteriorment, les pel·lícules de kesterita CZTS es van preparar en diferents substrats conductors (ITO, FTO i Mo / vidre) per estudiar l'efecte del contacte posterior sobre les capes fines. Obtinguerem que el millor comportament és una combinació específica dels paràmetres estudiats. En particular aquest treball ens ha permès controlar la composició de les pel·lícules dipositades, controlar el procés de recuit i usar les tècniques de caracterització necessàries per avaluar la composició, qualitat i propietats optoelectròniques de les capes de CZTS depositades. Finalment, en la nostra estratègia es va implementar una simulació numérica d’una cèl·lula solar de CZTS utilitzant el programari SCAPS-1D. Després de la visualització experimental de les capes primes de CZTS en diferents substrats conductors, el modelatge pel programari SCAPS-1D del dispositiu fotovoltaic de CZTS va demostrar que el contacte posterior de Mo és el que ofereix el millor rendiment.
I would like to thank the Moroccan Center for Scientific and Technical Research and the Doctoral school of the Polytechnic University of Valencia for the financial assistance they have allocated. I also extend my sincere thanks to the UPV Electron Microscopy Service and to Mr Ángel Sans Tresserras for their help to learn how to work with characterization techniques.
Toura, H. (2020). Elaboration and characterization by electrochemical technique CZTS thin layers for photovoltaic application [Tesis doctoral no publicada]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/154334
TESIS
Chapron, Simon. "Synthèse et évaluation de complexants aqueux pour la séparation américium/curium." Thesis, Montpellier 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014MON20055/document.
Full textAfter the reprocessing of uranium, plutonium and eventually neptunium by the PUREX process, the spent fuel is still composed of half of the periodic table. Among these elements, the main responsible for the heat of the wastes is americium. Its reprocessing could allow improving the compactness of deep geological storage of the wastes. Thus the liquid-liquid extraction process called EXAm was developed in order to recover the americium alone. The key step of the process is the Am/Cm separation. An extractant mixture is used with an aqueous complexing agent: TEDGA (N,N',N,N'-tetraethyl-diglycolamide). It allows to enhance the Am/Cm separation by keeping preferentially curium in the aqueous phase, but its structure selectivity relationship is not well known yet. Therefore, the purpose of this thesis is to synthesize and evaluate some structural analogues of TEDGA, in order to better understand the impact of its structure on the Am/Cm selectivity in the EXAm process.During this study, 14 analogues of TEDGA were synthesized and 17 molecules were evaluated in liquid-liquid extraction. Several structural modifications were studied: length and steric hindrance of the N-alkyl chains, size of the spacer, and the introduction of secondary amide functions. This work shows that it is not possible to maintain the ligand in the aqueous phase from tetrabutyl derivatives, and the addition of steric hindrance, or modification of hydrophilicity/lipophilicity balance, systematically decreases the selectivity of ligands. The addition of secondary amide functions (-CONHR) makes the molecules extractible by the solvent (formation of hydrogen bonds with the extractants), therefore they are unsuitable to be used in the EXAm process. The spacer has the main impact on the selectivity: the complexation capacity in high acid medium disappears when it is shortened (malonamide), whereas the ligand has a preference for Am instead of Cm (inversion of selectivity) when it is lengthen (TEDOODA and TETOUDA derivatives).This whole study shows the peculiar selectivity given by the TEDGA in comparison with other diglycolamides, and the difficulties to enhance the process using this family of ligands. Nevertheless, a better understanding of its chemistry has allowed to define more clearly its modeling in the process and the studying of its structure/selectivity relationship has shown that the enhancing of the ligands selectivity probably requires spacer preorganization
Muratt, Diana Tomazi. "Desenvolvimento e validação de métodos voltamétricos sequenciais para a determinação de elementos em matrizes complexas." Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2013. http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/10578.
Full textToxic elements are in continuous accumulation in the environment mainly due to anthropogenic activities. In this work, a voltammetric method of sequential analysis for application in matrices of complex characteristics was developed. Using an organic mixture complexing, SVRS (alizarin violet) DMG (dimethylglyoxime), 8-hydroxyquinoline (oxine), CA (chloranilic acid) and DTPA (diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid) 13 elements could be determined at two different methods. According to the formation constants with their respective ligands, in method 1, step were determined Al3+, Fe3+, Mo6+ SVRS in the presence of AdSV (Adsorptive Stripping Voltammetry). In step 2 were determined Zn2+, Cd2+, Pb2+ and Cu2+ by ASV. In step 3, were determined Ni2+ and Co2+ in the presence of DMG and oxine. In method 2, V5+ and U6+ were determined by AdSV in the presence of CA (chloranilic acid), Cr(total) was analyzed in sequence by the presence of DTPA by AdSV and finally Tl+ was determined by ASV. The data for the figures of merit showed that the proposed method is suitable for samples of complex matrices studied (certified materials and commercial plant compounds). High concentrations for some elements were found in commercial samples. It indicates that the species translocates through the environment in which they are insert, being susceptible to contact with humans.
Elementos tóxicos estão em contínuo acúmulo no ambiente principalmente devido a atividades antropogênicas. Neste trabalho, foi desenvolvido um método voltamétrico de análise sequencial para aplicação em matrizes de natureza complexa. Utilizando uma mistura de complexantes orgânicos, SVRS (violeta de solocromo), DMG (dimetilglioxima), 8-Hidroxiquinolina (oxina), CA (ácido cloranílico) e DTPA (ácido dietilenotriamino pentaacético) foi possível determinar 13 elementos em dois diferentes métodos. De acordo com as constantes de formação com os respectivos ligantes foi determinado no método 1, etapa 1 Al3+, Fe3+, Mo6+ na presença de SVRS por AdSV (Adsorptive Stripping Voltammetry). Na etapa 2 determinou-se Zn2+, Cd2+, Pb2+, Cu2+ por ASV. Na etapa 3, foram determinados Ni2+ e Co2+, na presença de DMG e oxina. No método 2, U6+ e V5+ foram determinados por AdSV na presença de CA (ácido cloranílico), Cr(total) foi determinado na sequência na presença de DTPA por AdSV e por fim, Tl+ foi determinado por ASV. Os dados obtidos para as figuras de mérito mostraram que o método proposto é adequado para as amostras de matrizes complexas estudadas (materiais certificados e compostos vegetais comerciais). Concentrações altas para alguns elementos foram encontradas nas amostras comerciais. Este dado indica que as espécies translocam-se através do meio em que estão inseridos estando suscetíveis a entrar em contato com o ser humano.
Zgheib, Nancy. "Élaboration de particules de latex composites à base d'oxyde de cérium par polymérisation radicalaire en milieu aqueux dispersé." Phd thesis, Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00862401.
Full textD'Angelo, Ricardo Andres. "The effects of dispersants on the fouling and the blockage deposits in pressurized water reactor steam generators." Thesis, Paris 6, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA066767.
Full textPolyacrylic acid (PAA), is injected into Pressurized Water Reactor steam generators (SGs) to limit the fouling and the blockage of the SGs units, which decreases thermal performance and increase maintenance costs. The aim of this study is to determine the action mechanism(s), the efficiency and the pre-emptive nature of PAA on the fouling and blockage deposits in SGs. As a first step in this work, magnetite deposits were formed. These deposits were used to investigate the effects of PAA on pre-existing magnetite deposits in a dedicated experimental loop having the physico-chemical conditions of the SGs in liquid flow. Iron concentration at the loop exit increased with the injection of at least 1 mg.kg-1 PAA. Sample characterizations show a localized diminution of the magnetite octahedra peaks at all tested PAA concentrations and the formation of a thicker hematite layer at higher PAA concentrations. This work was followed by the investigation of the effect of PAA on magnetite suspensions and the formation of deposit layers onto the passive layer in the presence of PAA. This was performed in a dedicated biphasic loop having the physico-chemical conditions of SGs. Results indicated an increased iron concentration at the loop exit with the injection of PAA. Characterizations of the samples indicated the apparent diminution of oxide layer thickness and a change in oxide phase from magnetite to hematite at the liquid-vapor interface. The study of these effects and a complexation study performed at 25 oC, led to the formation and proposal of hypotheses to explain the underlying action mechanisms of PAA
Pacheco, Luisa CÃlia Melo. "EletrodeposiÃÃo de CuNi em meio de sulfato. uma nova abordagem." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2006. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=1436.
Full textO interesse pela eletrodeposiÃÃo de CuNi e suas mÃltiplas camadas à principalmente devido Ãs propriedades destes materiais, tais como: resistÃncia à corrosÃo, propriedades mecÃnicas (alta forÃa de traÃÃo, maleabilidade e ductilidade) e magnÃticas, alÃm de suas propriedades catalÃticas. Os resultados voltamÃtricos deste trabalho sugerem que a liga de CuNi à eletrodepositada formando uma soluÃÃo sÃlida. Por voltametria cÃclica, foi investigada a influÃncia de diferentes banhos complexantes na eletrodeposiÃÃo de CuNi, onde se observou a formaÃÃo de ligas mais nobres em banhos de sulfato e tartarato e ligas menos nobres em meio de citrato e citrato/tartarato. Foram realizados experimentos hidrodinÃmicos, onde severificou que CuNi em meio de sulfato e tartarato apresentam transporte de massa difusional. Para CuNi em meio de citrato e citrato/tartarato, nÃo foi observado a formaÃÃo de patamares difusionais, onde se sugere um transporte de massa por transferÃncia de carga ou misto. Pelos resultados obtidos observou-se que o meio complexante influÃncia na nobreza e no tipo de transporte de massa da liga formada. Por Energia Dispersiva de Raios-X, foi determinado o percentual atÃmico dos constituintes da liga, onde as ligas CuNi em banho de sulfato e tartarato apresentam um percentual de nÃquel em tono de 20% e em meio de citrato e citrato/tartarato, o percentual de nÃquel cai para 2% e 4%, respectivamente. Por espectrometria na regiÃo de absorÃÃo do UV-Vis, foram feitos curvas de calibraÃÃo e calculado _ para os metais individuais e para CuNi, sendo encontrado baixos valores, indicando que tanto os metais individuais como a liga nos diferentes meios complexantes apresentam transiÃÃes do tipo d-d. Foi feito um estudo comparativo entre as tÃcnicas eletroquÃmicas (VLDA, Cronoamperometria) e ICP-OES para determinaÃÃo de cobre. Os teores de cobre determinados para ambos os mÃtodos encontram-se bem prÃximos, mostrando pequenas variaÃÃes, onde os erros obtidos estÃo distribuÃdos aleatoriamente, apresentando um valor mÃdio de 2,56%. Os testes estatÃsticos realizados mostraram que os resultados obtidos estÃo numa faixa de confianÃa de 95%. Baseado nestes resultados à possÃvel afirmar que as tÃcnicas eletroquÃmicas utilizadas sÃo eficientes na determinaÃÃo de cobre, possibilitando, assim, a validaÃÃo destas por ICP-OES.
The interest for the electroplating of CuNi and its multiple layers is proportionate to the properties of these materials, such as: mechanical resistance to corrosion, mechanical (high tractive force, malleability and ductility) and magnetic properties, beyond its catalytic properties. The voltammetric results suggest that CuNi is electroplated, forming a solid solution. By cyclic voltammetry, the influence of different electrolytic bath in the electroplating of CuNi was investigated, where if it observed the formation of more noble alloys in sulphate baths and tartarate and less noble alloys in citrate and citrate/tartarate medium. Hydrodynamic experiments had been carried through, where it was verified for CuNi in sulphate and tartarate a transport of diffusional mass; for CuNi in citrate and citrate/tartarate was not observed the formation of diffusional plateau, suggesting a transport of mass by charge transference. By dispersive energy of rays-X, the atomic percentage of the constituent of the alloy was determined, where CuNi alloy in sulphate bath and tartarate present a percentage of nickel about 20% and in citrate and citrate/tartarate medium, the percentage of nickel falls espectively for 2% and 4%. By spectrometry of absorption of UV-Vis it was calculated the _ values for individual metals and CuNi, being found low values, indicating that as much the individual metals as the alloy in the different electrolytic transitions d-d type. It was made a comparative study between the electrochemical techniques (Linear Sweep Voltammetry, Chronoamperometry) and Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-OES), for copper determination. The copper taxes determined for both methods are near, presenting small variations, where the gotten errors are distributed in a random way presenting an average value of 2,56%. The carried through statistical tests had shown that the gotten results are in a reliable band of 95%. Based in these results it is possible to affirm that the used electrochemical techniques are efficient in the copper determination, making possible, thus, the validation of these for ICP-OES.
Schmitt-Dubessy, Marie-Françoise. "Synthèse de complexants spécifiques de catécholamines." Nancy 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997NAN10282.
Full textAndrianatoandro, Harimbola. "Macrocycles aromatiques complexants. Radiocristallographie et spectrométrie électronique." Bordeaux 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992BOR10582.
Full textGuinand, Gérard. "Structures de structures de systèmes anthracéniques complexants." Bordeaux 1, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986BOR10526.
Full textGaetano, Yannick de. "Nouveaux systèmes complexants sélectifs d'ions métalliques supportés." Thesis, Nancy 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010NAN10029/document.
Full textThe aim of the present work is dedicated to the valorization of calix[4]arene derivatives as transition-metal selective extraction agents, immobilized onto natural polymers (cellulose) or artificial (polystyrenic resins). We have elaborated a multi-step synthesis strategy, allowing the introduction of bipyridine units (2 or 3) on the lower rim and the incorporation of an amine spacer arm dedicated to grafting. Metal/Ligand stoechiometries studies in solution were undertaken by UV-Visible spectroscopy.Then, the ligands obtained were grafted onto PS-DVB resins functionnalized with aldehyde groups (Wang) or cholomethylene groups (Merrifield), and onto natural polymer (cotton). The grafting rates were determined by UV-Visible spectroscopy and ionic chromatography. Their extractive capacities were studied in aqueous/organic media, firstly for monometallic solutions then for more complex mixtures.The last part of our work was dedicated to the separation of a ternary mixture Ag/Zn/Pb, which could have an economic interest. A solid-liquid extraction process was developped, integrating recyclability and stability studies. The effective separation of these 3 metal ions was proved
Xie, Ting 1971. "Heavy metal removal from soil by complexing reagents with recycling of complexing reagents." Thesis, McGill University, 2000. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=30838.
Full textSoil washing can be used to remove metals from the soil. Chemical treatment involves the addition of extraction agents that react with the contaminant and leach it from the soil. The liquid, containing the contaminants, is separated from the soil resulting in a clean solid phase. Six chelating reagents, EDTA, Citric acid, ADA, DTPA, SCMC, and DPTA, were employed to determine the relative extraction efficiencies of the six chelating reagents for the target metals. Recycling of chelating reagent was the main interest of this study. The experiments were divided into four parts: (1) preliminary studies on the preparation and characterization of soil that included grinding, sieving, soil texture measurements, total metals content post digestion and the distribution of metals in different soil fractions as well as (2) a comparison of the extraction efficiencies of six chelating reagents toward Cu, Pb, Zn, Fe, and Mn. Additionally, the chelating reagent was liberated and recycled by treatment of the metal-complexes with disodium diethyl dithiocarbomate (DEDTC). Additionally, supercritical CO2 was used to extract metal-DEDTC complexes using various surfactants to maintain the metal-DEDTC complexes in suspension. Finally, (4) magnesium metal was evaluated as an alternative method for liberating the water-soluble chelating reagent from the complex so as to be able to recycle this reagent as well.
The different approaches were promising in terms of recycling the chelating reagents that suggests a means of optimizing the experimental conditions in future applications.
Rodrigues, João Elias Figueiredo Soares. "ORDENAMENTO EM PEROVSQUITAS COMPLEXAS." Universidade Federal do Maranhão, 2012. http://tedebc.ufma.br:8080/jspui/handle/tede/742.
Full textFUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA E AO DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTIFICO E TECNOLÓGICO DO MARANHÃO
In the present work, it was developed the synthesis and properties of complex perovskites with general formula Ba3MNb2O9, where M = Ca (BCN) e Zn (BZN), in the form of ceramics powders, sintered pellets, and thin films by Pechini methed. The key point od study incorporated the observation of the formation of ordered and partially ordered perovskite phase like 1:2 form by measuring the X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy of the systems under study. It was discussed briefly the general properties and structural aspects in simple and complex perovskites, the latter emphasizing the importance of the ordered phase in phycal properties. The phenomenological theory of Landau was employed in understanding the dynamics of order-disorder transition in convergent and non converget cátion ordering. The probing of the kinetics of crystallization of the BCN and BZN ceramic powders was made reaching the formation of partially ordered phase impurities free at 900°C/2h with average particle size estimated at 100nm. By adjusting the collected spectra, we werw able to correlate both the position and width of the band near to 800 cm-1 with annealing temperature from A1g stretching mode behavior. It was showed the formation of partially ordered phase os BCN pellets sinterd at 160°C/2h, whose order parameter estimated by the Raman spectra approached 0,97. Moreover, the order parameter as estimated by X-ray diffraction reached 0,50 in the BZN sintered pellets by high temperature ceramic method. Finally, the batium niobate imourity was mapped on the surface of the BZN thin films using Raman maps in the x-y plane. Measurements revealed that Raman depth in such films have thicknesses between 1,7µm and 2,1µm.
Neste trabalho, desenvolveu-se a síntese e as propriedades de perovsquitas complexas com fórmula geral Ba3MNb2O9, onde M = Ca (BCN) e Zn (BZN), na forma de cerâmicas em pó, pastilhas e filmes finos obtidos pelo método de Pechini. O alvo do trabalho consistiu na observação da formação da fase perovsquita ordenada e parcialmente ordenada na forma 1:2 através das medidas de difração de raios X e espectroscopia Raman dos sistemas em estudo. Abordaram-se sucintamente os aspectos estruturais e propriedades gerais em perovsquitas simples e complexas, enfatizando nesta última a importância da fase ordenada nas propriedades físicas. A teoria fenomenológica de Landau fora empregada no entendimento da dinâmica da transcrição de fase ordem-desordem nos ordenamentos convergente e não convergente. Realizou-se a sondagem da cinética de cristalização das cerâmicas em pó de BCN e BZ, observando-se a formação da fase parcialmente ordenada livre de impurezas a partir de 900°C/2h com tamanho médio das partículas estimado em 100nm. Mediante o ajuste dos espectros Raman coletados, correlacionou-se ambas a posição e a largura das bandas próximas a 800 cm-1 com a temperatura de calcinação a partir do comportamento do modo stretching A1g. Mostrou-se a formação da fase parcialmente ordenada de BCN em pastilhas sinterizadas a 1600°C/2h, cujo parâmetro de ordem estimado pelos espectros Raman aproximou de 0,97. Por outro lado, o parâmetro de ordem estimado pela difração de raios X chegou a 0,50 em pastilhas de BZN sinterizadas pelo método cerâmico de alta temperatura. Por fim, mapeou-se a impureza o niobato de bário na superfície dos filmes finos de BZN através de mapas Raman no plano x-y. Medida de mapeamento Raman em profundidade revelaram que tais filmes possuem espessuras entre 1,7µm e 2,1µm.
Moreira, Fernanda Kempner. "Diagnóstico de organizações complexas." Florianópolis, SC, 2011. http://repositorio.ufsc.br/xmlui/handle/123456789/95626.
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Esta dissertação se propõe a desenvolver um método de avaliação de organizações de serviços de saúde capaz de gerar diagnósticos que proporcionem a discussão de seus problemas e a consequente geração de iniciativas para melhoria e inovação, considerando sua complexidade e especificidade. Fundamenta-se, para este fim, nos conceitos de complexidade de Luhmann e Morin, aliados ao estudo das organizações e da ciência da Administração A análise organizacional buscou em Perrow e Morgan a importância do diagnóstico organizacional. Para compreender o estudo de caso, apresentam-se os conceitos básicos das organizações de saúde, sua complexidade e a contextualização das categorias de análise do instrumento para os serviços de saúde. Este estudo caracteriza-se como um estudo teórico-empírico, com pesquisa de campo de caso único. O instrumento proposto é uma adaptação para organizações de serviços da ferramenta desenvolvida pelo Núcleo Interdisciplinar de Estudos em Gestão da Produção e Custos (NIEPC) da Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina. É composto por 65 assertivas que relacionam 13 categorias de análise com 5 fatores de resultados, aqueles que conferem competitividade às organizações. O instrumento foi aplicado em uma organização pública de saúde, a Unidade de Pronto Atendimento Sul (UPA Sul) do Município de Florianópolis - SC, e contou com a participação de profissionais de diversas categorias, o que enriqueceu os resultados. O instrumento, através de suas assertivas, proporcionou à organização a oportunidade de analisar e discutir o seu processo produtivo, confirmando a complexidade existente. A análise organizacional resultante da aplicação do instrumento indicou que as categorias Desempenho Operacional, Gestão Ambiental e Planejamento da Produção necessitam de ações urgentes, pois não contribuem para o alcance de nenhum dos cinco resultados de desempenho - Confiabilidade, Custos, Flexibilidade, Qualidade e Rapidez. As ideias de melhoria propostas pelos profissionais convergem para ações em Treinamento, Informação e Relacionamento com Clientes, chamados de fatores de prática, como os que mais influenciariam a melhoria do processo produtivo, constatação que norteou a elaboração de três projetos de melhoria a serem aplicados pela própria Unidade. Outras ideias foram geradas e podem ser fonte de projetos a serem encaminhados aos órgãos competentes. O instrumento demonstrou-se de fácil aplicação e surtiu resultados que refletem a realidade da organização, permitindo que a mesma realize ajustes em seu processo produtivo, o que levará à melhoria dos seus resultados.
This thesis proposes to develop an evaluation method of health service organizations able to provide diagnostics that generate discussion of their problems and the consequent generation of innovation and improvement initiatives, considering its complexity and specificity. Based, to this end, the Luhmann's concepts of complexity and Morin, together with the study of organizations and science of management analysis and organizational Perrow Morgan looked at the importance of organizational diagnosis. To understand the case study, we present the basic concepts of health organizations, its complexity and contextualization of the categories of analysis tool for health services. This study is characterized as a theoretical-empirical field research with a single case. The instrument is adapted to service organizations of the tool developed by the Interdisciplinary Studies in Management and Production Costs (NIEPC), Federal University of Santa Catarina. It consists of 65 statements that relate to 13 categories of analysis results with five factors, those that confer competitiveness to organizations. It was administered in a public health organization, the Emergency Unit South (South UPA) in Florianopolis - SC, and with the participation of professionals in various categories, which enriched the results. The instrument, through their statements, the organization has provided the opportunity to review and discuss the production process, confirming the existing complexity. The organizational analysis resulting from the application of the instrument indicated that the categories Operational Performance, Environmental Management and Production Planning in need of urgent actions because they do not contribute to the achievement of any of the five performance results - Reliability, Cost, Flexibility, Quality and Speed. Ideas of improvements suggested by the professionals converge on Training, Information and Customer Relations, called factors of practice such as those that most influence the improvement of the production process, finding that guided the development of three improvement projects to be implemented by the Unit itself. Other ideas were generated and can be a source of projects to be submitted to competent bodies. The instrument proved to be easy to apply and has had results that reflect the realities of the organization, allowing it to carry out adjustments in its production process, which will lead to improved results.
Zavaschi, Eduardo. "Avaliação de superfosfato orgânico-complexado." Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/11/11140/tde-06012015-133141/.
Full textIn weathered tropical soils there is high phosphorus adsorption, turning the nutrient less available. The main strategy for increasing the levels of phosphorus in the soil is through phosphate fertilization, however 80% of the total nutrient applied to the soil becomes unavailable. The addition of organic matter is important in reducing the phosphorus adsorption due to the formation of humic substances which block the adsorption sites in addition to acting on the insoluble phosphate salts. However, for these beneficial effects there is a need of adding quite large amounts of organic compounds which would result in economical and logistic problems to the producers. Trying to solve this problem the organiccomplexed superphosphate (OCS), which have in their composition the presence of organic chelators (humic acids) complexed with monocalcium phosphate through metal bonds with calcium, iron or aluminum, or two of these metals simultaneously. The reason for the efficiency of this product is that the formation of the complex phosphorus-metal-organic acids inhibits the fixation of phosphorus in the soil, thereby increasing the use of phosphate fertilizer by crops. To verify these effects, it was performed an experiment in the greenhouse and field, respectively entitled: (i) \"Phosphorus fractions in soil by application of organiccomplexed superphosphate\" and \"(ii) organic-complexed superphosphate in the culture of cane sugarcane \". The overall objective was to evaluate the effect of the application of OCS in phosphorus adsorption in soils with contrasting textures submitted or not to the correction of acidity and also in the nutrition of cane sugar. In the greenhouse experiment, it was verified in sandy and loamy soil, with and without correction of acidity, the effect of application of organic-complexed fertilizers on soil phosphorus fractions by fractionation proposed by Hedley. In the sandy soil most of the phosphorus applied via fertilizer remained in the labile organic fractions which increase due to the application of the organic super-complexed phosphate, in addition to the synergistic effect to the practice of lime. In clay soil the application of OCS increased the forms of labile organic phosphorus in the soil, besides its synergistic interaction with the soil acidity decreasing the amount of inorganic phosphorus chemically fixed on iron and aluminum. The field experiment evaluated the effects of organic-complexed superphosphate (OCS) and simple superphosphate (SS) applications at doses of 0, 45, 90, 135 and 180 kg ha-1 of P2O5 in plant cane, but the reapplication of the 45 kg ha-1 of P2O5 dose on ratoon was only in treatments that previously received 45 and 90 kg ha-1. In plant cane the application of SFS increased stalk dry matter due to the application of crescent levels of P2O5, while the use of OCS had no influence, in addition to promoting lower phosphorus accumulation in this part of the plant. In the ratoon, the productivity of industrialized stalks and dry matter accumulation in the stem had no effect through fertilizer application, but there were lower accumulation of dry matter, nitrogen and phosphorus matter in the growing point with the use of organic-complexed fertilizer.
Silva, Marcos Afonso da [UNESP]. "Análise complexa e aplicações." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/153862.
Full textRejected by Adriana Aparecida Puerta null (dripuerta@rc.unesp.br), reason: Prezado Marcos, O documento "Análise complexa e aplicações" enviado para a coleção IGCE- Rio Claro foi recusado pelo(s) seguinte(s) motivo(s): - Falta a capa, que é elemento obrigatório e deve vir em primeiro lugar, antes da folha de rosto. - Falta a folha de aprovação, que deve ser solicitada à Seção de Pós-Graduação e deve ser inserida após a ficha catalográfica. O documento enviado não foi excluído. Para revisá-lo e realizar uma nova tentativa de envio, acesse: https://repositorio.unesp.br/mydspace Em caso de dúvidas entre em contato pelo email repositoriounesp@reitoria.unesp.br. Agradecemos a compreensão e aguardamos o envio do novo arquivo. Atenciosamente, Biblioteca Campus Rio Claro Repositório Institucional UNESP https://repositorio.unesp.br on 2018-05-03T16:21:47Z (GMT)
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O objetivo principal deste trabalho é desenvolver um estudo introdutório, porém detalhado, sobre Análise Complexa e algumas de suas aplicações. Apresentamos o corpo dos números complexos, exploramos as funções complexas de uma variável complexa, exibimos parte da teoria das funções analíticas e parte da teoria de integração complexa. Provamos importantes resultados, tais como o Teorema de Cauchy, o Teorema de Taylor, o Teorema dos Resíduos, entre outros igualmente relevantes. Como aplicação da teoria, destacamos a utilização do Teorema dos Resíduos para determinar a transformada inversa de Laplace de uma função F(s).
The main objective of this work is to develop an introductory but detailed study on Complex Analysis and some of its applications. We present the field of the complex numbers, explore the complex functions of a complex variable, exhibit part of the theory of analytic functions, and part of the complex integration theory. We prove important results, such as Cauchy’s Theorem, Taylor’s Theorem, Residue Theorem, among others equally relevant. As an application of the theory, we highlight the use of the Residue Theorem to determine the inverse Laplace transform of a function F(s).
Sanches, Thiago Pereira. "Fatores da produção complexa." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFSC, 2012. http://repositorio.ufsc.br/xmlui/handle/123456789/92717.
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O presente trabalho tem como objetivo identificar os componentes críticos da gestão da produção para que possa subsidiar a criação de um método de análise e fornecer informações para prover melhorias. Os métodos de pesquisa usados incluem, além da pesquisa bibliográfica, um ensaio prático da aplicação do método de análise criado, com coleta de dados e discussão dos resultados obtidos em uma empresa madeireira de médio porte. Faz-se uso de conceitos e críticas de abordagens dos métodos de análise Benchmarking para propor um novo instrumento de análise da produção. Como premissa para criação do instrumento, divide-se o sistema de produção em subsistemas, chamados de categorias de análise. Introduz-se a Teoria da Complexidade para expor a importância das relações existentes entre estas categorias. Discutem-se conceitos sobre as Boas Práticas da Produção para auxiliar na identificação dos componentes críticos da atividade produtiva. A partir destes componentes, criam-se os fatores da produção. Fator é a designação dada para um grupo de componentes críticos comumente referenciados na teoria, obtidos por meio de revisão documental, que influenciam positiva ou negativamente mais de uma categoria de análise ao mesmo tempo. O fator é utilizado como medida para avaliar o nível de relacionamento existente entre as categorias, pois se altera de acordo com ações existentes na produção. A partir das categorias e das relações existentes entre elas, centradas pelos fatores, apresenta-se o novo instrumento de análise da produção. Os resultados obtidos na aplicação deste instrumento, com base nos fatores, contêm evidencias de ser capaz de fornecer informações estratégicas e subsidiar as decisões de investimentos, apontando com especificidade indicadores de melhoria no sistema de produção.
This work aims to identify the critical components of the production management in order to subsidize the creation of an analysis method and supply information to provide improvements in the system production. The used methods of research include, beyond the bibliographical research, a practical assay of the application method created, with data collection and analysis of the results gotten in a lumber company. Based on concept and critical discussion of the methods of Benchmarking analysis, new instrument for production analysis is created. As premise for creation of this instrument, it is decided to divide the Production System into subsystems, calls analysis categories. It is introduced Complexity Theory to display the importance of the existing relations between these categories. It is discussed the Best Practices in Industrial issues to assist in the identification of the critical components for productive activity. From these components, factors of the production are created. Factor is the assignment given for a group of critical components commonly referred in the theory to have a considerably importance for the productive activity, based on documentary revision, that influence positive or negative these analysis categories at the same time. The factor is used as metric to evaluate the level of existing relationship between the categories. From the categories and the existing relations between them, attributed by the factors, the new instrument of analysis of the production is presented. The results gotten in the application of this instrument, on the basis of the factors, contain evidence of being capable to supply strategical information and to subsidize the decisions of investments, pointing at issues for improvement in the production system.
Silva, Marcos Afonso da. "Análise complexa e aplicações /." Rio Claro, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/153862.
Full textBanca: Eliris Cristina Rizziolli
Banca: Luciane Parron Gimenes Arantes
Resumo: O objetivo principal deste trabalho é desenvolver um estudo introdutório, porém detalhado, sobre Análise Complexa e algumas de suas aplicações. Apresentamos o corpo dos números complexos, exploramos as funções complexas de uma variável complexa, exibimos parte da teoria das funções analíticas e parte da teoria de integração complexa. Provamos importantes resultados, tais como o Teorema de Cauchy, o Teorema de Taylor, o Teorema dos Resíduos, entre outros igualmente relevantes. Como aplicação da teoria, destacamos a utilização do Teorema dos Resíduos para determinar a transformada inversa de Laplace de uma função F(s)
Abstract: The main objective of this work is to develop an introductory but detailed study on Complex Analysis and some of its applications. We present the field of the complex numbers, explore the complex functions of a complex variable, exhibit part of the theory of analytic functions, and part of the complex integration theory. We prove important results, such as Cauchy's Theorem, Taylor's Theorem, Residue Theorem, among others equally relevant. As an application of the theory, we highlight the use of the Residue Theorem to determine the inverse Laplace transform of a function F(s)
Mestre
Vilches, Thomas Nogueira. "Epidemiologia matemática em redes complexas." Botucatu, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/180926.
Full textResumo: São apresentado quatro modelos distintos no tema da modelagem matemática de doenças infecciosas que geraram cinco manuscritos para publicação. Todos estes, com exceção do último modelo, consideram uma estrutura de contato heterogênea entre indivíduos que permite (ou não) a disseminação das infecções na população. O primeiro estudo apresenta um modelo baseado em indivíduos cujas relações sociais são representadas por uma rede de Watts-Strogatz para estudar a transmissão de dois sorotipos de dengue nesta população. Os limiares epidêmicos e de coexistência dos sorotipos são obtidos através de uma aproximação de campo médio e análise de espalhamento. O segundo trabalho propõe um modelo metapopulacional de equações diferenciais ordinárias para estudar a transmissão de infecções relacionadas à assistência à saúde na rede hospitalar brasileira. Os hospitais são representados por populações distintas que são interligadas pelo sistema de referência e contra-referência de pacientes. Esta rede de conexões entre os hospitais foi construída utilizando dados sobre o tamanho e a localização de cada hospital. Os limiares epidêmicos do modelo são obtidos, e é feita uma análise da sensibilidade destes limiares para com os parâmetros. O terceiro trabalho é um modelo baseado em agentes que analisa a influência da mudança comportamental de indivíduos vacinados nas epidemias de Influenza. Para isto, são utilizados dados demográficos do Canadá, e é considerado que o número de contatos diários por i... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: We present four different models on the subject of the mathematical modelling of infectious diseases that resulted on five manuscripts sent to publication. All these models, except the last one, consider a heterogeneous structure of contacts between individuals that permits (or does not) the spread of infections in the population. The first study presents an individual-based model in which the social relationships are given by a Watts-Strogatz network in order to study the transmission of two serotypes of dengue virus in this population. The epidemic and coexistance thresholds are obtained using a mean-field approach and a spreading analysis. The second work proposes a metapopulation model of ordinary differential equations to study the transmission of healthcare-associated infections in the Brazilian hospital network. The hospitals are represented by different populations that are connected through the patient refferal and counter-referral system. This network was built using data about the size and location of the hospitals. The model’s epidemic thresholds are obtained, and a sensitivity analysis of these limits is performed. The third work is an agent-based model that analyzes the influence of behavioural changes of vaccinated individuals on the Influenza epidemics. In order to do that, it is used demographic data from Canada, and it is considered an age-dependent contact distribution. We use Monte-Carlo simulations to estimate the enhancement ratio of the epidemic size du... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Doutor
Cerna, Maguina Bibiano Martin. "Um texto de variaveis complexas." [s.n.], 1996. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/306103.
Full textDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Matematica, Estatistica e Computação Científica
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Resumo: Não informado
Abstract: Not informed
Mestrado
Mestre em Matemática
Chinellato, David Dobrigkeit 1983. "Processos dinâmicos em redes complexas." [s.n.], 2007. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/278371.
Full textDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Fisica Gleb Wataghin
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Resumo: Nesta tese, estudamos as propriedades estatísticas de processos dinâmicos de influência em redes complexas sujeitas a perturbações externas. Consideramos redes cujos nós admitem dois estados internos, digamos 0 e 1. Os estados internos se alteram de acordo com os estados dos nós vizinhos. Supomos que há N1 nós com estado interno fixo em 1, N0 elementos com estado interno fixo em 0 e outros N elementos com estado interno livre. Os nós com estado interno ½xo podem ser interpretados como perturbações externas à subrede de N elementos livres. Este sistema é uma generalização do modelo do eleitor [25] e pode descrever diversas situações interessantes, indo de sistemas sociais [26] para a física e a genética. Neste trabalho, calcularemos analiticamente a evolução de um sistema de rede totalmente conectada, obtendo expressões para as distribuições de equilíbrio de uma rede qualquer e também de todas as probabilidades de transição. Em seguida, generalizamos os resultados para o caso em que N0 e N1 são menores do que 1, representando um acoplamento fraco do sistema com um reservatório externo. Mostramos que os resultados exatos são excelentes aproximações para várias outras redes, incluindo redes aleatórias, reticuladas, livres de escala, estrela e mundo pequeno, e estudamos a dinâmica destas outras redes numericamente. Finalmente, demonstramos que, se os dois parâmetros da solução para redes totalmente conectadas, N0 e N1, forem alterados para valores efetivos para cada tipo de rede específico, o nosso resultado analítico explica satisfatoriamente todas as dinâmicas e estados assintóticos de outras topologias. O nosso modelo é portanto bastante geral, se aplicado cuidadosamente
Abstract: We study the statistical properties of in²uence networks subjected to external perturbations. We consider networks whose nodes have internal states that can assume the values 0 or 1. The internal states can change depending on the state of the neighboring nodes. We let N1 nodes be frozen in the state 1, N0 be frozen in the state 0 and the remaining N nodes be free to change their internal state. The frozen nodes are interpreted as external perturbations to the sub-network of N free nodes. The system is a generalization of the voter model [25] and can describe a variety of interesting situations, from social systems [26] to physics and genetics. In this thesis, we calculate analytically the equilibrium distribution and the transition probabilities between any two states for arbitrary values of N, N1 and N0 for the case of fully connected networks. Next we generalize the results for the case where N0 and N1 are smaller than 1, representing the weak coupling of the network to an external reservoir. We show that our exact results are excellent approximations for several other topologies, including random, regular lattices, scale-free, star and small world networks, and study the dynamics of these other networks numerically. We then proceed to show that, by appropriately tuning the two parameters from the solution from fully connected networks, N0and N1, to eÿective values when dealing with other, more sophisticated network types, we can easily explain their asymptotic network behaviour. Our model is therefore quite general in applicability, if used consciously
Mestrado
Física Estatistica e Termodinamica
Mestre em Física
Peron, Thomas Kauê Dal\'Maso. "Sincronização explosiva em redes complexas." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/76/76132/tde-19042013-075508/.
Full textSynchronization processes are observed in many physical, biological, chemical, technological and social systems. These systems can be described and modelled through the theory of complex networks, in a way that the full comprehension of the emergence of collective behavior in these complex systems will only be achieved by theories that encompass the interaction of its elements. In this thesis, we study the emergence of first-order phase transitions in the synchronization of oscillators coupled through heterogeneous and non-trivial structures. By using mean-field theories, we obtain an analytical expression for the critical coupling necessary for the occurrence of explosive synchronization in scale-free networks. Furthermore, we study the behavior of such transitions in the presence of time delays, verifying that is possible to enhance the synchronization level of the oscillators when the interaction is non-instantaneous. The obtained results contribute for the better understanding of the interplay between topology and dynamics in networks.
Hotta, Livia Akemi. "Modelos ecológicos em redes complexas." Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/55/55134/tde-17112017-105116/.
Full textOne of the most important patterns that occur in ecosystems is the species-area relationship, which says that the number of species increases with the sampled area. There is a great interest among ecologists about this pattern, since it is possible to verify the human impact on the environment and the area of reserves necessary to maintain species. Thus, motivated by the explanation of such behavior, some mathematical and computational strategies have been developed over the years. However, most approaches are simulated in homogeneous and regular scenarios, however, in the ecosystem, there are regions with landforms, different climates and vegetation. Thus, in this work, we are interested in studying the influence of different environments in the evolution process of the species. We consider ecological models that use geographical characteristics for colonization and individual behaviors such as dispersion, mutation, and mating. Thereby, it was possible to simulate the propagation of the species in different topologies and to analyze how the dynamics occurred in each case. Therefore, we verified that the regular topology and the homogeneous dispersion of the individuals are two characteristics that maximize the diversity of species. On the other hand, denser regions and heterogeneous interactions, contribute to the decrease the number of species, even when in some cases, they help in the speed of propagation and colonization.