Academic literature on the topic 'Complex wire diagnosis'
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Journal articles on the topic "Complex wire diagnosis"
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Tatebe, Masahiro, Hitoshi Hirata, Shukuki Koh, and Takaaki Shinohara. "APPARENT VISI DEFORMITY: PERISCAPHOID PERILUNATE DISSOCIATION — A CASE REPORT." Hand Surgery 14, no. 02n03 (2009): 145–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218810409004402.
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We report a case of carpal instability complex, which presented apparent volar intercalated segmental instability (VISI) caused by acute injury. Proper diagnosis and treatment by ligament repair and Kirschner wire fixation yielded good clinical results.
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Mei, Mingming. "A data-driven approach to fault modeling and diagnosis of brake-by-wire system." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2492, no. 1 (2023): 012016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2492/1/012016.
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Abstract E-Booster plays an important role in braking safety as the pressure source for vehicle hydraulic systems. According to the design feature of its series controller, the signals on key nodes, which can be directly measured, can be used as the data source for fault diagnosis. In this paper, a deep learning technique of residual 1-D CNN equipped with parallel structure is proposed for fault recognition and classification in a dynamic process. With the help of wavelet transform and probabilistic heat map, it is found that the phase current fault feature is distinct in the frequency domain. In contrast, the uniform demagnetization fault and pressure recession fault are more obvious in the time domain. Therefore, the parallel network structure with a wide and narrow convolutional kernel is used, which can handle multiple complex fault features simultaneously. Simulation models based on both data-driven and mathematical formulations are also established to better fit the actual nonlinear conditions. Finally, the proposed network structure can reach 92.1% classification accuracy compared with the commonly used lightweight 2-D CNN model. It can be concluded that 1-D CNN achieves similar classification results as 2-D CNN with less computational resource consumption.
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Zhang, Jing Kai, Peng Hui Li, Xiao Xiong Liu, and Wei Guo Zhang. "An Autopilot Fault Diagnosis Method Based on Hybrid Case and Fault Trees." Applied Mechanics and Materials 373-375 (August 2013): 829–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.373-375.829.
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Targeted at the faults of autopilot in fly-by-wire flight control system, a method based on integration of case and fault tree is proposed to quickly diagnose faults and provide the maintenance of autopilot system. In the process of diagnosis, according to the characteristics of fault information about autopilot system, the Build-in-test data was used to quickly search similar fault in the case base and accurately point out the fault location. For complex fault, the fault tree method is used to traverse to complete the reasoning and diagnosis procedure, and simultaneously add the results to the case base. The simulation results show the method is achieved.
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Xu, Ping, Jian Gang Yi, and Li Zhao. "Development of On-Line Monitoring System for Large Rotating Machinery under Complex Circumstance." Applied Mechanics and Materials 670-671 (October 2014): 1238–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.670-671.1238.
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Large rotating machinery is widely used in industrial production process. With the computer network technology, system testing technology, signal analysis and fault diagnosis technology, large motor based on high speed wire rod production line as the object, the online monitoring method of large motor is present. Based on it, the signal processing approach of large motor under complex circumstance is proposed, and the software of on-line monitoring system for large motor is developed. Through monitoring the key parameters of the distributed signals of temperature, pressure, current and so on, the developed system can accurately analyze and locate critical faults of equipments, reduce faults rate, extend the service life and increase productivity of the motor equipment.
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Piven, V. V., E. Yu Moskvina, and V. V. Pivdiablyk. "Problems in diagnostics and forecasting for the resource of wire ropes in drilling rigs." Oil and Gas Studies, no. 4 (September 4, 2020): 100–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.31660/0445-0108-2020-4-100-109.
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Continuous monitoring of the rig's technical condition is necessary for efficient use of the rig's wire rope resource. A classification of steel ropes used in the industry has been compiled. The characteristics of the pulley-block rope pulley to power drilling rigs are given. The analysis of recommendations for the selection and operation of rope hoists is carried out. The reasons for the occurrence of complex stress-strain states of the rope during its operation are considered. The analysis of methods for calculating the load-bearing capacity of wire rope and determining the fatigue strength is given. Comparative data on the actual standard operating time of wire rope are given. The scientific problem of predicting the residual resource of wire rope is analytically investigated. For operational control of defects in steel ropes, the prospects of using magnetic flaw detection methods are considered. The article draws our attention to the need to implement the following scientific, technical, and technological solutions, such as improving the design of pulley-block system of drilling rigs; accuracy increase of diagnosis of technical condition and forecasting of resource strings; maintenance of wire rope; this will contribute to a more complete use of wire rope in drilling rig.
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Herstik, I., JP Pelletier, and IO Kanat. "Pin tract infections. Incidence and management in foot surgery." Journal of the American Podiatric Medical Association 80, no. 3 (1990): 135–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.7547/87507315-80-3-135.
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The development of pin tract reactions and their sequelae is based on a complex series of events. Analysis of pin tract infections directly related to static external wire fixation at Kern Hospital for Special Surgery from 1981 through 1988 showed an incidence of 0.46%; however, the overall incidence is probably higher. A discussion of the pathogenesis and guidelines for prevention, diagnosis, and treatment are presented. The authors suggest that pin tract infections occur because of postoperative skin contamination, rather than intraoperative implantation.
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Suzuki, Tomo, Ryutaro Matsumura, Hiroshi Kitamura, and Yugo Shibagaki. "Rapid and Complete Remission of Class IV Lupus Nephritis with Massive Wire Loop Lesions." Case Reports in Nephrology and Dialysis 8, no. 1 (2018): 56–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000487920.
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Class IV lupus nephritis (LN) often has a poorer prognosis than other classes. However, class IV LN has various phenotypes, including not only segmental and global types but also others. We present the case of a 29-year-old woman with class IV-G LN who had an early response to glucocorticoid monotherapy. In addition, multiple lung nodules such as miliary tuberculosis (TB) were detected on computed tomography. All cultures of sputum, gastric fluid, and bone marrow were negative. A kidney biopsy revealed diffuse endocapillary proliferative glomerulonephritis with marked subendothelial deposition. Electron microscopy revealed massive electron-dense deposits in the subendothelial area, mesangium area, and peritubular capillaries. The histological diagnosis was class IV-G (A) LN. We administered high-dose glucocorticoid monotherapy. After treatment, the LN and the lung lesions had complete, rapid remission for 1 month. The lung lesions were associated with an immune complex similar to wire loop lesions, not TB. Thus, it is important to consider class IV-G LN with massive wire loop lesions as a new subtype.
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Arnaya, Agung K., Made B. Karna, Anak A. G. Y. Asmara, and Putu F. Meregawa. "Irreducible second and third metatarsophalangeal dislocation: a rare case report." International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences 9, no. 2 (2021): 587. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20210448.
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Metatarsophalangeal (MTP) articulations are complex structures that are prone to sprains, subluxations, and dislocations. MTP dislocations are an uncommon but well documented and problematic orthopaedic injury. Once the diagnosis is certain, the dislocation should be reduced as soon as possible. Immediate reduction of the dislocation can limit numerous complications. A 24-year-old male patients came to emergency department of Sanglah Hospital with 2nd and 3rd MTP joint dislocation. Patient treated with open reduction and immobilization with pinning for 2nd and 3rd metatarsal. After several attempt of closed reduction, the dislocation can be reduce with open reduction and immobilization with k wire, after 4 weeks k wire was removed without any complication and patient can walk normally. Irreducible metatarsophalangeal dislocation of the lesser toes is unusual with third toe was the most commonly affected, followed by the second, fourth, and fifth toes. Radiographs are very useful for diagnose. Multiple procedures have been created to attempt to reduce and stabilize the MP joint. According to other studies, Kirschner wires were also only used in unstable dislocations. In this case, dorsal surgical approach is the most commonly chosen method to reduce the irreducible metatarsophalangeal joint dislocations of the lesser toes. When irreducible dislocation found and closed reduction is initially unsuccessful, we recommend a dorsal surgical approach to open reduction and using Kirschner wires for unstable dislocations.
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Thakur, Anita, and Seema Thakur. "Management of a Complex Dentoalveolar Traumatic Injury with Multiple Avulsions." Case Reports in Dentistry 2021 (June 28, 2021): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/2373785.
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Background. Dentoalveolar trauma is a major cause of tooth loss in children. Avulsion, luxation, crown, and root fracture are the injuries to primary and permanent dentition. The incidence of trauma for maxillary anterior teeth ranges for 4%-91%. Many case reports have been published regarding the treatment of trauma to anterior teeth; however, case reports comprising multiple avulsions including canines and premolars are rare in literature. Method. After mouth rinsing was done with 2% betadine solution, the luxated teeth numbers 31 and 42 were repositioned into the tooth socket and were secured with the composite resin-wire splint. Tooth number 32 was extracted because it was disarticulated from the socket, and the socket was disrupted because of the alveolar fracture. The maxillary avulsed teeth could not be reimplanted because of the alveolar socket damage which was due to the alveolar bone fracture. Results. The patient was reevaluated for the removable prosthesis in recall visits; the patient was well adapted to the appliance with no complaints regarding mastication and speech. The patient was advised to report periodically for further adjustments in the prosthesis and for radiographic evaluation. Conclusions. This case report includes proper history taking, diagnosis, and treatment of a complex dentoalveolar trauma along with short-term prosthetic rehabilitation for improvement of aesthetics, phonetics, and mastication of growing child.
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Chen, Wei, Riquan Zhang, Xuan Wu, Zuwei Yang, Ziyuan Chen, and Houyi Wu. "Internal fixation treatment of multiple fractures in a dog." Agrobiological Records 3 (November 2020): 36–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.47278/journal.abr/2020.020.
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In order to learn the diagnosis and treatment of canine fractures, we treated a stray dog in a traffic accident. We observed and recorded the treatment process in detail with the purpose of providing reference for the treatment of fractures in dogs. The doctors conducted general examination, X-ray and a complete blood count (CBC) on the dog at a pet hospital at Nanchang, Jiangxi, China, and then immediately performed surgery on the site of the severe fractures. Intramedullary nail and bone plate, and intramedullary nail and steel wire were respectively used for internal fixation of transverse fracture of femur of left hind-limb and oblique fracture of tibia of right hind-limb. Subsequently, suitable splint was used for external fixation, and the rest of the fractures healed on their own. After three months of postoperative nursing and massage, the internal fixation material was removed. The results showed that the dog had a good recovery. This paper has provided case study and a clinical practical reference for the diagnosis and treatment of complex multiple fractures.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Complex wire diagnosis"
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Taki, Nour. "Diagnosis of Soft Faults in Complex Wired Networks." Electronic Thesis or Diss., université Paris-Saclay, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022UPASG004.
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Les câbles électriques sont utilisés dans tous les secteurs pour transférer de l'énergie ou de l'information. Pendant le fonctionnement, les câbles peuvent être sujets à des défauts francs (circuit ouvert ou court-circuit) ou des défauts non-francs (endommagement de l'isolant, pincement, etc.) dus à une mauvaise utilisation, aux conditions environnementales ou au vieillissement. Ces défauts doivent être détectés à leur stade le plus précoce pour éviter une interruption de la fonction ou des conséquences plus graves. Parmi les méthodes de diagnostic des réseaux filaires qui ont été étudiées dans la littérature, la réflectométrie électrique a été considérée la plus efficace surtout dans le cas d'un défaut franc. Cependant, cette méthode s'avère moins fiable en présence d'un défaut non-franc caractérisé, généralement, par une signature de faible amplitude sur le réflectogramme qui dépend non seulement de la variation de l'impédance caractéristique du câble au niveau du défaut mais également de la configuration du signal de test telle que sa bande passante. En effet, l'augmentation de la fréquence maximale du signal de test améliore la résolution ''spatiale'' de l'information des défauts non-francs. Cependant, elle accentue, en même temps, les phénomènes d'atténuation et de dispersion du signal de test rendant ainsi la détection de ces défauts moins fiable, et surtout dans le cas des réseaux filaires complexes où la réflectométrie pourrait souffrir de problèmes d'ambiguïté liée à la localisation des défauts. Dans ce cadre, la réflectométrie distribuée où plusieurs capteurs sont installés aux extrémités du réseau sous test est appliquée entrainant l'apparition d'autres problématiques telles que le partage des ressources, la fusion de capteurs pour la prise de décision, la consommation d'énergie, etc.Dans ce contexte, cette thèse propose de développer deux approches : la première permet de choisie la meilleure fréquence maximale à appliquer au signal de test pour la détection des défauts non-francs. La seconde approche a pour objectif de choisir les capteurs les plus pertinents pour leur diagnostic dans les réseaux filaires complexes. Pour cela, une combinaison entre les données basées sur la réflectométrie et l'algorithme d'analyse en composantes principales (PCA) est utilisée. Le modèle de la PCA est développé pour détecter les défauts non francs existants. Associé à une analyse statistique basée sur Hotelling’s T² et Squared Prediction Error (SPE), les paramètres requis sont identifiés. Une étude expérimentale est réalisée, et une analyse de leurs performances en environnement bruité est effectuée<br>Electrical cables are used in all sectors to transfer energy or information. During operation, the cables may be subject to hard faults (open circuit, short circuit) or soft faults (isolation damage, pinching, etc.) due to misuse, environmental conditions, or aging. These faults must be detected at their earliest stage to avoid interruption of the function or more serious consequences. Even though several electric and non-electric wire diagnosis methods have been studied and developed throughout the last few decades, reflectometry-based techniques have provided effective results with hard faults. However, they have been shown to be less reliable whenever soft faults are addressed.Indeed, soft faults are characterized by a small impedance variation, resulting in a low amplitude signature on the corresponding reflectograms. Accordingly, the detection of these faults depends strongly on the test signal configuration, such as its bandwidth. Although the increase of the maximal frequency of the test signal enhances the soft fault's ''spatial'' resolution, its performance is limited by signal attenuation and dispersion. Moreover, although reflectometry offers good results in point-to-point topology networks, it suffers from ambiguity related to fault location in more complex wired networks (Multi-branched). As a solution, distributed reflectometry method, where sensors are implemented in the extremities of the network under test, is used. However, several issues are enforced, from the computing complexities and sensors fusion problems to the energy consumption.In this context, this Ph.D. dissertation proposes to develop two approaches: the first selects the best maximal frequency for soft fault detection, and the second selects the most relevant sensors to monitor and diagnose those faults in multi-branched wired networks. The proposed solution is based on a combination between reflectometry and Principal Component Analysis (PCA). The PCA model coupled with statistical analysis based on Hotelling’s T² and Squared Prediction Error (SPE) is used to detect the soft faults and select the required parameters. Experimental validation is carried out, and performance analysis in the presence of noise is investigated
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Osman, Ousama. "Méthodes de diagnostic en ligne, embarqué et distribué dans les réseaux filaires complexes." Thesis, Université Clermont Auvergne (2017-2020), 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020CLFAC038.
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Les recherches menées dans cette thèse portent sur le diagnostic de réseaux filaires complexes à l’aide de la réflectométrie distribuée. L’objectif est de développer de nouvelles technologies de diagnostic en ligne, distribuées des réseaux complexes permettant la fusion de données ainsi que la communication entre les réflectomètres pour détecter, localiser et caractériser les défauts électriques (francs et non francs). Cette collaboration entre les réflectomètres permet de résoudre le problème d’ambiguïté de localisation des défauts et d’améliorer la qualité du diagnostic. La première contribution concerne la proposition d’une méthode basée sur la théorie des graphes permettant la combinaison de données entre les réflectomètres distribués afin de faciliter la localisation d’un défaut. L’amplitude du signal réfléchi est ensuite utilisée pour identifier le type du défaut et estimer son impédance. Cette estimation est basée sur la régénération du signal en compensant la dégradation subie par le signal de diagnostic au cours de sa propagation à travers le réseau. La deuxième contribution permet la fusion des données de réflectomètres distribués dans des réseaux complexes affectés par de multiples défauts. Pour atteindre cet objectif, deux méthodes ont été proposées et développées : la première est basée sur les algorithmes génétiques (AG) et la deuxième est basée sur les réseaux de neurones (RN). Ces outils combinés avec la réflectométrie distribuée permettent la détection automatique, la localisation et la caractérisation de plusieurs défauts dans différents types et topologies des réseaux filaires. La troisième contribution propose d’intégrer la communication entre les réflectomètres via le signal de diagnostic porteur d’informations. Elle utilise adéquatement les phases du signal multiporteuses MCTDR pour transmettre des données. Cette communication assure l’échange d’informations utiles entre les réflectomètres sur l’état des câbles, permettant ainsi la fusion de données et la localisation des défauts sans ambiguïtés. Les problèmes d’interférence entre les réflectomètres sont également abordés lorsqu’ils injectent simultanément leurs signaux de test dans le réseau. Ces travaux de thèse ont montré l’efficacité des méthodes proposées pour améliorer les performances des systèmes de diagnostic filaire actuels en termes de diagnostic de certains défauts encore difficiles à détecter aujourd’hui, et d’assurer la sécurité de fonctionnement des systèmes électriques<br>The research conducted in this thesis focuses on the diagnosis of complex wired networks using distributed reflectometry. It aims to develop new distributed diagnostic techniques for complex networks that allow data fusion as well as communication between reflectometers to detect, locate and characterize electrical faults (soft and hard faults). This collaboration between reflectometers solves the problem of fault location ambiguity and improves the quality of diagnosis. The first contribution is the development of a graph theory-based method for combining data between distributed reflectometers, thus facilitating the location of the fault. Then, the amplitude of the reflected signal is used to identify the type of fault and estimate its impedance. The latter is based on the regeneration of the signal by compensating for the degradation suffered by the diagnosis signal during its propagation through the network. The second contribution enables data fusion between distributed reflectometers in complex networks affected by multiple faults. To achieve this objective, two methods have been proposed and developed: the first is based on genetic algorithms (GA) and the second is based on neural networks (RN). These tools combined with distributed reflectometryallow automatic detection, location, and characterization of several faults in different types and topologies of wired networks. The third contribution proposes the use of information-carrying diagnosis signal to integrate communication between distributed reflectometers. It properly uses the phases of the MCTDR multi-carrier signal to transmit data. This communication ensures the exchange of useful information (such as fault location and amplitude) between reflectometers on the state of the cables, thus enabling data fusion and unambiguous fault location. Interference problems between the reflectometers are also addressed when they simultaneously inject their test signals into the network. These studies illustrate the efficiency and applicability of the proposed methods. They also demonstrate their potential to improve the performance of the current wired diagnosis systems to meet the need and the problem of detecting and locating faults that manufacturers and users face today in electrical systems to improve their operational safety
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Ben, Hassen Wafa. "Étude de stratégies de diagnostic embarqué des réseaux filaires complexes." Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014INPT0084/document.
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Cette étude s’inscrit dans le cadre du diagnostic embarqué des réseaux filaires complexes. Elle vise à détecter et localiser les défauts électriques avec précision. En effet, l’intégration du diagnostic par réflectométrie dans un système embarqué fait apparaître des problèmes d’interférence qui s’aggravent dans le cas d’un réseau complexe où plusieurs réflectomètres sont placés en différents points du réseau. L’objectif est de développer de nouvelles stratégies de diagnostic embarqué des réseaux filaires complexes pour résoudre les problèmes d’interférence d’une part et l’ambiguïté de localisation du défaut d’autre part. La première contribution concerne le développement d’une nouvelle méthode de réflectométrie baptisée OMTDR (Orthogonal Multi-tone Time Domain Reflectometry). Elle utilise des signaux numériques modulés et orthogonaux pour éliminer les interférences. Pour davantage de couverture, la deuxième contribution propose d’intégrer la communication entre les réflectomètres. Elle vise à fusionner les données afin de faciliter la prise de décision. La troisième contribution adresse la problématique de la stratégie de diagnostic, c’est-à-dire, de l’optimisation des performances du diagnostic d’un réseau complexe sous contraintes opérationnelles d’utilisation. L’utilisation des Réseaux Bayésiens permet d’étudier l’impact des différents facteurs et d’obtenir une estimation de la confiance et donc, de la fiabilité du résultat du diagnostic<br>This study addresses embedded diagnosis of complex wired networks. Based on the reflectometry method, it aims at detecting and locating accurately electrical faults. Increasing demand for on-line diagnosis has imposed serious challenges on interference mitigation. It aims at making diagnosis while the target system is running. The interference becomes more critical in the case of complex networks where several reflectometers are injecting their test signals simultaneously. The objective is to develop new embedded diagnosis strategies in complex wired networks that would resolve interference problems and eliminate ambiguity related to the fault location. The first contribution is the development of a new method called OMTDR (Orthogonal Multi-tone Time Domain Reflectometry). It uses orthogonal modulated digital signals for interference mitigation and thereby on-line diagnosis. For better coverage of the network, the second contribution proposes to integrate communication between reflectometers. It uses sensors data fusion to facilitate decision making. The third contribution addresses the problem of the diagnosis strategy, i.e. the optimization of diagnosis performance of a complex network under operational constraints. The use of Bayesian Networks allows us to study the impact of different factors and estimate the confidence level and thereby the reliability of the diagnosis results
Books on the topic "Complex wire diagnosis"
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Burri, Haran. Differential diagnosis of supraventricular tachycardias. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198784906.003.0479.
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This chapter overviews the electrocardiographic diagnosis of various aetiologies of narrow complex tachycardia, as well as the criteria for distinguishing aberrant conduction from ventricular tachycardia in cases of wide QRS tachycardia. Clinical investigations for diagnosis of supraventricular tachycardia are also covered.
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Gandhi, Sanjay, and William R. Lewis. ECG monitoring in the ICU. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199600830.003.0129.
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Electrocardiographic (ECG) monitoring is routinely used in hospitals for patients with a wide range of cardiac and non-cardiac diagnoses. Besides simple monitoring of heart rate and detection of life-threatening arrhythmias, the goals of ECG monitoring include detection of myocardial ischaemia, diagnosis of complex arrhythmia, and identification of a prolonged QT interval. The ECG remains a cornerstone in diagnosis and management of patients with coronary ischaemia. Over the past decade, there has been an increase in the number and complexity of electrophysiological interventions, including complex ablations, biventricular pacing, and insertion of implantable defibrillators. ECG monitoring in these patients can serve both a protective and diagnostic purpose. They detect life-threatening arrhythmias and double up as in-patient Holter monitors. Unfortunately, there are no randomized controlled trials of in-hospital cardiac monitoring—expert opinions based on clinical experience and published research in the field of electrocardiography form the basis of current guidelines.
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Drew, Barbara Jean. VALUE OF MCL(1), MCL(6), AND SELECTED LEADS IN THE DIAGNOSIS OF WIDE QRS COMPLEX TACHYCARDIA (MCL, CORONARY CARE). 1990.
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Bloom, Chloe, and Seamus Donnelly. Pulmonary sarcoidosis. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199657742.003.0019.
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This case of a young female with suspected pulmonary sarcoidosis demonstrates the difficulties in confirming the diagnosis and subsequently identifying the appropriate treatment. Current guidelines were developed in the 1990s, and there has been little change in the diagnostic pathway since then. However, there are new clinical tools to help differentiate from the common differential diagnosis of tuberculosis. The patient’s management can be complex, with a host of clinical parameters that can be potentially used to assess each patient’s disease activity, severity, and prognosis, and the decision to start immunosuppressive treatment is often difficult. The mainstay of treatment remains glucocorticoids, with a wide choice of possible steroid-sparing agents. However, the evidence for their use is limited. This case is particularly interesting, as the patient is a female with a young daughter who is planning imminently on continuing her family and has legitimate concerns about treatment side effects.
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Powell, Jenny. Approach to diagnosing skin disease. Edited by Patrick Davey and David Sprigings. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199568741.003.0244.
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Making a diagnosis in dermatology may seem daunting when there are 6 000 or more possibilities, and the terminology seems so complex. This chapter suggests a systematic approach to picking up clues from symptoms and signs, and understanding how to describe skin disease; this approach, together with experience (obtained through seeing patients, asking more experienced colleagues, and reading) will help with pattern recognition and, sometimes, lead to the answer. The skin has such a wide range of structural and functional varieties that disorders of the skin are not only common but also very variable. However, it is important to be able to give a patient a diagnosis. This ‘working label’ means that the patient fits into a known group not only in their typical presentation but also as a guide for response to treatment, prognosis, and, sometimes, for explanation of etiology and whether genetic or infective factors are important; that is, it is helpful in explaining the disease to the patient. Despite the complexity of the skin, making a diagnosis in dermatology is no different from making a diagnosis in other areas; it is based on taking a history, examining the patient, and performing investigations, if indicated.
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Harrop, James, and Christopher Maulucci, eds. Spinal Neurosurgery. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190887773.001.0001.
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Neurosurgery by Example: Key Cases and Fundamental Principles provides case-based, high yield content for the spine surgeon and neurosurgeons preparing for the American Board of Neurological Surgeons oral examination. It covers a wide array of spinal pathologies with their presentation, diagnosis, and treatment plans. Postoperative and complication management strategies are offered as well in order to prepare surgeons who can then provide comprehensive patient care for complex spine conditions.
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Bakan, Michael B. Gordon Peterson. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190855833.003.0009.
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Gordon Peterson—early music specialist, professional musician, and former tenured music professor—was diagnosed with Asperger’s syndrome at the age of forty-five, by which time he had suffered through decades of misdiagnoses, misguided psychiatric treatments, and despair. “For the first time ever,” he recalls, “I felt the correctness of the diagnosis.” Gordon attributes many of the hardships he has endured to being “wired all funny” with Asperger’s, but he sees the condition as the primary source of his musical talent, intellectual prowess, and fertile imagination as well. “In my mind,” he says, “there is an impossibly complex web of musical and non-musical cultural connections across time and geographic location . . . . I see a ribbon-like time line [that] stretches back from today all the way to the beginning of recorded history, and before . . . and I can walk around in it, looking at the instruments, hearing the sounds, hearing the language.” Asperger’s is “my superpower,” Gordon attests, but as the chapter chronicles, that superpower exacts a very high toll on him in terms of the anguish and turmoil it brings.
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Serdiuk, Oleksii, Viktor Burlaka, Andriy Kanishchev та ін. Психіатрія та наркологія. Інструменти вимірювання залежностей. Kharkiv National University of Internal Affairs, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.32631/msu2022.
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The course "Measurement of Substance Use and Abuse" is designed to introduce a wide range of instruments for measuring addictive behavior, methods of their construction and principles of application. The course introduces the ethical and legal aspects of measuring and diagnosing chemical addictions, modern approaches to the classification of behavioral disorders due to the use of chemical substances in the DSM and ICD, methodical and methodological principles of measuring addictive behavior, in particular the methods of mathematical statistics, which are the basis for the standardization and adaptation of diagnostic methods (reliability, validity, correlation and factor analysis), complex and specific tools for diagnosing and measuring addictive behavior. The course provides the most common methods of measuring and diagnosing chemical dependencies, as well as instructions for their application and interpretation of the obtained results. This course is the second in the "Addictive Behavior" educational cycle, designed to be studied after the introductory course "Addiction Research Methods". The course was created within the framework of the Ukrainian-American project "Capacity Building for Lifespan Focused Substance Use Disorder Research in Ukraine" (4D43TW009310-05) under supervision of the Addiction Center of the University of Michigan (USA) with the support of the Fogarty International Center (FIC ), National Institute of Health (NIH), National Institute on Alcohol Dependence and Alcoholism (NIAAA), National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA).
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Duris, Kimberly S., and Katherine M. Helm. What You Need to Know about Personality Disorders. Bloomsbury Publishing Inc, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9798216172567.
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This volume provides readers with all the information they need to know about personality disorders, including how to assess, treat, manage, and diagnose the varying signs and symptoms of the 10 different personality disorders currently recognized. Having a personality disorder is different than having personality quirks. Personality quirks or eccentricities are considered normal; however, when certain dominant personality traits interfere with healthy psychological functioning, a personality disorder might be the cause. This next installment in Greenwood’s Inside Diseases and Disorders series provides a complete overview of the 10 currently recognized personality disorders, as well as the myriad signs and symptoms that may lead to a diagnosis. Using the most recent scholarship and case studies, this volume aims to bring clarity to the topic of personality disorders, covering a wide range of topics from the history of assessing personality disorders to the ways in which a personality disorder may affect the family and friends of the patient.
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Lonser, Russell, and Brad Elder, eds. Surgical Neuro-Oncology. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190696696.001.0001.
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Surgical Neuro-Oncology, part of the Neurosurgery by Example series, has the overarching goal of spanning the spectrum of clinical practice and complexity within adult surgical neuro-oncology using representative cases. The presentation and discussion reflects the logic, thought process, and technical details behind surgical candidacy, planning, surgical procedure (including bail-out options, and complication avoidance/management), aftercare, evidence and outcome, and lessons learned. Authors with expert knowledge and technical skills address a wide range of complex clinical cases, which are presented as they are encountered the neurosurgical clinic, hospital emergency department, and operating room. While addressing the overall diagnosis, treatment, and outcome, the authors provide insight into how they handle each case. The books transmits experience gained from leaders to colleagues and provides a great background for maintenance of certification preparation, with each chapter providing lists that highlights elements of accurate diagnosis, successful treatment, and effective complication management. Cases included cover the spectrum of clinical diversity and complexity within surgical neuro-oncology.
Book chapters on the topic "Complex wire diagnosis"
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Sudhir, Amita, and William J. Brady. "Electrocardiographic Differential Diagnosis of Wide Complex Tachycardia." In The ECG in Prehospital Emergency Care. Blackwell Publishing Ltd., 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118473740.ch24.
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Charlton, Nathan, and William J. Brady. "The Differential Diagnosis of Wide Complex Tachycardia-ED Diagnostic and Management Considerations." In Cardiovascular Problems in Emergency Medicine. Wiley-Blackwell, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119959809.ch8.
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Brady, William J. "Wide Complex Tachycardia in a Young Adult." In Visual Diagnosis in Emergency and Critical Care Medicine. Wiley-Blackwell, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781444397994.ch7.
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Brady, William J. "Wide Complex Tachycardia in a Young Adult." In Visual Diagnosis in Emergency and Critical Care Medicine. Blackwell Publishing Ltd, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470755921.ch99.
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Brady, William J. "Wide Complex Tachycardia in an Older Male Patient." In Visual Diagnosis in Emergency and Critical Care Medicine. Wiley-Blackwell, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781444397994.ch8.
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Brady, William J. "Wide Complex Tachycardia in an Older Male Patient." In Visual Diagnosis in Emergency and Critical Care Medicine. Blackwell Publishing Ltd, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470755921.ch92.
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Mavropoulou, Antonia. "Diagnostic Approach to Wide-QRS Complex Tachycardia." In Guide to Canine and Feline Electrocardiography. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119254355.ch14.
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Chan, Theodore C., and Richard A. Harrigan. "What is the ECG Differential Diagnosis of Wide Complex Tachycardia?" In Critical Decisions in Emergency and Acute Care Electrocardiography. Wiley-Blackwell, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781444303551.ch53.
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Thoureen, Traci, and Amal Mattu. "How can the ECG Guide the Diagnosis and Management of Wide Complex Tachycardias?" In Critical Decisions in Emergency and Acute Care Electrocardiography. Wiley-Blackwell, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781444303551.ch30.
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Chan, Theodore C., and Richard A. Harrigan. "What is the ECG Differential Diagnosis of the Abnormally Wide or Large QRS Complex?" In Critical Decisions in Emergency and Acute Care Electrocardiography. Wiley-Blackwell, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781444303551.ch55.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Complex wire diagnosis"
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Bingjie Wang, Hang Xu, Yuncai Wang, Guanghui Wu, and Li Liu. "Distributed sensor diagnosis for wire fault of complex topology wired networks based on chaos-TDR." In 2016 Progress in Electromagnetic Research Symposium (PIERS). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/piers.2016.7734894.
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Obaid, Hashem, Scott Ashby, Mohamed El Sheshtawy, and Niyaz Ikhsanov. "High Definition Acoustic and Temperature Logging for the Diagnosis of Complex Annuli Leaks and Communication." In Abu Dhabi International Petroleum Exhibition & Conference. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/208056-ms.
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Abstract Maintaining annuli integrity is critical for safe and optimized well operations. Monitoring of tubing casing annulus (TCA) and casing-casing annulus (CCA) pressures is mandatory as it gives a direct indication of possible seal or tubular failures that may lead to a negative impact on HSE or well production. In cases where the observed annuli pressures suggest leaks and possible communication between tubing and TCA or TCA and CCA, a comprehensive plan should be put in place to detect and evaluate the possible leak sources and paths that will allow for proper remedial actions. Logging techniques using spectral noise logging (SNL), and high precision temperature Logging (HPT) are one way to diagnose the source of a leak and communication path between 2 adjacent casings (for example TCA and CCA). The operation is performed by running the HPT and SNL log under shut in conditions to establish a base line, followed by logging under dynamic conditions. Dynamic conditions can include bleeding off the TCA pressure while all other annuli and tree valves are shut-in and injecting into the tubing-casing annulus while bleeding off the CCA. The dynamic passes aim to activate the leak points. The SNL and HPT will capture the corresponding temperature and Spectral noise events revealed by the fluid flow though the leak points. These are compared to the base line shut in logs. The SNL is run in stations and can capture noise generated by fluid movement in a wide range of strength (decibels) and frequency within a wide scanning radius, while HPT can capture minor temperature changes of 0.02 Deg F. The paper will discuss an example where the HPT and SNL were run along with a set of conventional sensors such as GR, CCL, and pressure in a HPHT gas well to diagnose leak points and a possible communication path between the TCA and CCA. The Logging operation was carried out rig-less with minimum intervention using wire line under the shut in and dynamic conditions. Spectral noise logging precisely captured the leak points and drew a clear picture of the casing integrity breaches in multiple points. The results of the diagnostics and evaluation will now be used to design the appropriate remedial actions required to restore the well to the desired condition for production.
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Rodler, Patrick. "Memory-Limited Model-Based Diagnosis (Extended Abstract)." In Thirty-Second International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-23}. International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2023/789.
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Model-based diagnosis is a principled and broadly applicable AI-based approach to tackle debugging problems in a wide range of areas including software, knowledge bases, circuits, cars, and robots. Whenever the sound and complete computation of fault explanations in a given preference order (e.g., cardinality or probability) is required, all existing diagnosis algorithms suffer from an exponential space complexity. This can prevent their application on memory-restricted devices and for memory-intensive problem cases. As a remedy, we propose RBF-HS, a diagnostic search based on Korf’s seminal RBFS algorithm which can enumerate an arbitrary fixed number of fault explanations in best-first order within linear space bounds, without sacrificing other desirable properties. Evaluations on real-world diagnosis cases show that RBF-HS, when used to compute minimum-cardinality fault explanations, in most cases saves substantial space while requiring only reasonably more or even less time than Reiter’s HS-Tree, one of the most influential diagnostic algorithms with the same properties.
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Khan, Ashraf, and Dariusz Ceglarek. "Distributed Sensor Optimization for Fault Diagnosis in Multi-Fixture Assembly Systems." In ASME 1998 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece1998-1042.
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Abstract Sensing for the system-wide diagnosis of dimensional faults in multi-fixture sheet metal assembly presents significant issues of complexity due to the number of levels of assembly and the number of possible faults at each level. The traditional allocation of sensing at a single measurement station is no longer sufficient to guarantee adequate fault diagnostic information for the increased parts and levels of a complex assembly system architecture. This creates a need for an efficient distribution of limited sensing resources to multiple measurement locations in assembly. The proposed methodology achieves adequate diagnostic performance by configuring sensing to provide an optimally distinctive signature for each fault in assembly. A multi-level, two-step, hierarchical optimization procedure using problem decomposition, based on assembly structure data derived directly from CAD files, is used to obtain such a novel, distributed sensor configuration. Diagnosability performance is quantified in the form of a defined index, which serves the dual purpose of guiding the optimization and establishing the diagnostic worth of any candidate sensor distribution. Examples, using a multi-fixture layout, are presented to illustrate the methodology.
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Albuquerque, Júlia Elizabeth Nagrad de Farias, Byanka Eduarda Silva de Arruda, Fernando de Paiva Melo Neto, and Francisco Nêuton de Oliveira Magalhães. "Analysis of care in neurosurgery outpatient clinic in Paraíba." In XIII Congresso Paulista de Neurologia. Zeppelini Editorial e Comunicação, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5327/1516-3180.277.
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Background: Currently the public health system encompasses numerous demands, including in the neurology and neurosurgery sector. The wide outpatient search shows several symptoms, with pain being one of the most prominent. Objectives: To analyze the consultations performed in a neurosurgery clinic, aiming to understand the main demands found at secondary health care. Design and setting: Retrospective and descriptive study, conducted through the analysis of data from a neurosurgery outpatient clinic in the state of Paraíba Methods: Conducted through the analysis of data from 73 patients relative to a neurosurgery outpatient clinic, during the period between 11/24/2020 and 12/15/2020. The variables were: gender, age and diagnostic suspicion. Results: A predominance of females was found (65.7%) and, among all patients, the youngest patient was 8 years old and the oldest was 83 years old. Among the patients, it was possible to observe an important presence of Headache (28.7%), followed by Back Pain (17.7%) and Psychiatric disorders (6.9%), the other patients presented several diagnoses, such as Cerebellar Syndrome (1.37%) and Neoplasms (5.5%). There was found male predominance in Sequelae of Stroke, Parkinson’s Disease, Spinal Pathologies, Autism, Brachial Plexus Injury, Carpal Tunnel Syndrome and Complex Painful Syndrome. Furthermore, it was noted equivalence of occurrence in both sexes of Neuropathic Pain, Convulsion, Post- Herpetic Neuralgia and Trigeminal Neuralgia. Conclusion: The search for regional standards and their comparison to the world scenario is important to assist in clinical diagnosis, besides helping in the allocation of resources and studies.
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Jain Sudhir, Prathik, Ravindra Holalu Venkatadas, Naveen Prakash Goravi Vijaya Dev, and Ugrasen Gonchikar. "Estimation and Comparison of Acoustic Emission Parameters and Surface Roughness in Wire Cut Electric Discharge Machining of Stavax Material Using Multiple Regression Analysis and Group Method Data Handling Technique." In ASME 2015 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2015-50596.
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Wire Electrical Discharge Machining (WEDM) is a specialized thermal machining process capable of accurately machining parts with varying hardness or complex shapes, which have sharp edges that are very difficult to be machined by the main stream machining processes. Selection of cutting parameters for obtaining higher cutting efficiency or accuracy in WEDM is still not fully solved, even with most up-to-date CNC WEDM machine. It is widely recognised that Acoustic Emission (AE) is gaining ground as a monitoring method for health diagnosis on rotating machinery. The advantage of AE monitoring over vibration monitoring is that the AE monitoring can detect the growth of subsurface cracks whereas the vibration monitoring can detect defects only when they appear on the surface. This study outlines the estimation of AE parameters viz., signal strength, absolute energy, RMS in the WEDM. Stavax (modified AISI 420) steel material was machined using different process parameters based on Taguchi’s L’16 standard orthogonal array. Among different process parameters voltage and flush rate were kept constant. Parameters such as pulse-on time, pulse-off time, current and bed speed was varied. Molybdenum wire having diameter of 0.18 mm was used as an electrode. Simple functional relationships between the parameters were plotted to arrive at possible information on surface roughness and AE signals. But these simpler methods of analysis did not provide any information about the status of the work material. Thus, there is a requirement for more sophisticated methods that are capable of integrating information from the multiple sensors. Hence, methods like Multiple Regression Analysis (MRA) and Group Method of Data Handling (GMDH) have been applied for the estimation of surface roughness, AE signal strength, AE absolute energy and AE RMS. The GMDH algorithm is designed to learn the process by training the algorithm with the experimental data. The experimental observations are divided into two sets: the training set and testing set. The training set is used to make the GMDH learn the process and the testing set will check the performance of GMDH. Different models can be obtained by varying the percentage of data in the training set and the best model can be selected from these, viz., 50%, 62.5% and 75%. The best model is selected from the said percentages of data. Number of variables selected at each layer is usually taken as a fixed number or a constantly increasing number. It is usually given as fractional increase in number of independent variables present in the previous level. Three different criterion functions, viz., Root Mean Square (Regularity) criterion, Unbiased criterion and Combined criterion were considered for the estimation. The choice of criterion for node selection is another important parameter for proper modeling. From the results it was observed that, AE parameters and estimated surface roughness values were correlates well with GMDH when compare to MRA.
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Chmelevsky, Mikhail, and Margarita Budanova. "Differential Diagnosis of Wide QRS Complex Arrhythmias Using a Novel Slow Conduction Index Algorithm." In 2023 Computing in Cardiology Conference. Computing in Cardiology, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.22489/cinc.2023.157.
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Canuto, Francesco, Patrizio Turco, and Davide Colombo. "Control Development Process of the Brake-by-Wire System." In ASME 8th Biennial Conference on Engineering Systems Design and Analysis. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/esda2006-95660.
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The main goal of brake by wire technology is the development of compact, cheap and flexible braking systems. Since neither brake fluid nor hydraulic lines are used, brake by wire electro-mechanical actuation is a favourable solution both for production process and environmental aspect, and offer a precise control of braking torque amplitude. One of the most critical aspect is the lack of traditional link between brake pedal and brakes (calliper); this mean a potential safety problem to be correctly managed through the system architecture, redundancies, diagnosis and recoveries. During CRF brake by wire system development several architectures were deeply analysed using PHA, FMEA, and FTA methodology to identify the best configuration for production intent. The selected one is a fault-tolerant architecture based on a time-triggered communication network connecting fail-silent nodes. From safety analysis were defined critical events and system diagnosis and recovery requirements specifications. This paper describes the steps followed in the brake by wire software development, and its validation with respect to safety needs. For this purpose a three levels design and validation process was exploited. First of all, it was defined the complete simulation template including calliper electro-mechanical actuators and theirs ECU, time-triggered communication network and vehicle control ECU. The brake by wire system was interfaced to a complete vehicle dynamics model specifically developed for control design and validation purpose. Within this environment the control software was developed and the strategies were verified applying Software In the Loop technique. Then the ECU software was automatically generated using a customised tool chain based on Real Time Workshop Embedded Coder. Than, Hardware In the Loop testing was adopted to deeply verified high level software (application), low level software (OS, API, drivers,...) and hardware. HIL bench include the complete brake by wire system and a real time platform running the same vehicle model used during previous phase. Finally, vehicle testing phases complete the evaluation in the real environment and allows the system control development and tuning toward performances and subjective aspects. In each phase the system is tested both in normal and faulty conditions; a fault injection campaign was carried on to verify system response to fault with respect to the expected one. The process is cyclical, and a new loop has to be activated for each changes in the system. At the same time, testing complexity increases in order to guarantee the system safety.
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Osman, Ousama, Soumaya Sallem, Laurent Sommervogel, et al. "Distributed Sensor Diagnosis in Complex Wired Networks for Soft Fault Detection Using Reflectometry and Neural Network." In 2019 IEEE AUTOTESTCON. IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/autotestcon43700.2019.8961069.
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Carter, Campbell D., Jeffrey M. Donbar, and Gregory S. Elliott. "Development and Application of Laser Diagnostics for Reacting and Nonreacting Flows at Wright-Patterson AFB." In ASME 2002 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2002-33156.
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Over the past few years, we have developed and applied a wide range of laser-diagnostic techniques to an equally wide range of complex flowfields at Wright-Patterson AFB. Our guiding principle in these efforts has been to employ laser-based tools to further our understanding of turbulent flames, so that in the end we improve combustor performance (e.g., thrust, emissions, etc.). We have primarily focused on three areas for development (though our areas of application have been much broader): 1) combined planar laser-induced fluorescence and particle-image velocimetry, 2) planar Doppler velocimetry, and 3) filtered Rayleigh scattering. Each of these is a powerful imaging diagnostic technique that allows the study of complex turbulent flowfields. We discuss these tools in the context of their application to turbulent flows as well as future diagnostic development.
Reports on the topic "Complex wire diagnosis"
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Vakhlova, Irina, Irina Zaikova, Alexey Kiyaev, and Yulia Ibragimova. Electronic educational resource (EOR) "Module. Diabetes mellitus in children". SIB-Expertise, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.12731/er0781.29012024.
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Diabetes mellitus occupies a leading place in the pathology of the endocrine system in children and adolescents and remains one of the most urgent health problems in most countries. In the last decade, the annual incidence of type 1 diabetes in children has shown a significant increase both in Russia and around the world. According to the International Diabetes Federation (IDF), it is increasing by 3% per year. In addition, in all European countries there is a "phenomenon of rejuvenation of diabetes" - an increase in the proportion of children who first fell ill with type 1 diabetes at a younger age: 25-30% up to 4 years of age; up to 80% - from 6 months to 9 years. The annual incidence of type 1 diabetes in children (0-14 years old) in the Sverdlovsk region over the past decade (2006-2017) has almost doubled: from 12.2 cases per 100 thousand children in 2006 to 23 ,7 in 2017 and occupies one of the leading places in the Russian Federation in this indicator. More than 200 children with type 1 diabetes are diagnosed per year, of which about 75% of children who become ill for the first time are under the age of 9 years. Type 1 diabetes is characterized by complete insulin dependence, severe course, early formation of specific complications that lead to a decrease in the quality and life expectancy. Unfortunately, in more than 70% of cases, DM is diagnosed at the stage of ketoacidosis, which requires urgent measures. The main reason for the late diagnosis of this disease is the lack of "diabetic alertness" among pediatricians and AFP physicians. The foregoing obliges a wide range of doctors, including pediatricians, to know the clinical and laboratory criteria for diagnosis, modern methods of monitoring and managing diabetes, possible complications and outcomes of the disease, and be able to provide emergency care. Timely diagnosis, self-monitoring, regular monitoring, prevention of complications is an opportunity to improve the quality of life of patients with diabetes.
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Gratzke, Michael. ‘Confessions of a MILF (I chose being an artist over being a wife)’. Love and relationships in Viv Albertine’s memoirs. University of Dundee, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.20933/100001240.
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The memoirs of (post-) punk musician Viv Albertine address the issue of choice or lack thereof in romantic and family relationships. They depict a world in which choice of romantic partners appears normal if often unsuccessful, whereas choice within family relationships is restricted. It is self-evident that one cannot choose one’s blood relatives. However, amplified by Albertine’s scepticism towards any social relationships, her two memoirs represent ‘negative choice’ (Eva Illouz) in heterosexual romantic relationships and the complex ways in which negative choice can change family dynamics. In her memoirs, Albertine presents loneliness as the opposite of love which aligns with her model of choice, as it is preferable to live a lonely life over being bound up in love relationships, romantic or familial, which are harmful to one’s wellbeing. This article demonstrates how the ethos of early punk is translated into an uncompromising process of life writing which presents itself as faithfulness towards the individual’s core need for self-realisation and self-expression against the backdrop of failing romantic and familial relationships, severe physical and mental health problems, a self-diagnosis of autism and a patriarchal society.
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Wideman, Jr., Robert F., Nicholas B. Anthony, Avigdor Cahaner, Alan Shlosberg, Michel Bellaiche, and William B. Roush. Integrated Approach to Evaluating Inherited Predictors of Resistance to Pulmonary Hypertension Syndrome (Ascites) in Fast Growing Broiler Chickens. United States Department of Agriculture, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2000.7575287.bard.
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Background PHS (pulmonary hypertension syndrome, ascites syndrome) is a serious cause of loss in the broiler industry, and is a prime example of an undesirable side effect of successful genetic development that may be deleteriously manifested by factors in the environment of growing broilers. Basically, continuous and pinpointed selection for rapid growth in broilers has led to higher oxygen demand and consequently to more frequent manifestation of an inherent potential cardiopulmonary incapability to sufficiently oxygenate the arterial blood. The multifaceted causes and modifiers of PHS make research into finding solutions to the syndrome a complex and multi threaded challenge. This research used several directions to better understand the development of PHS and to probe possible means of achieving a goal of monitoring and increasing resistance to the syndrome. Research Objectives (1) To evaluate the growth dynamics of individuals within breeding stocks and their correlation with individual susceptibility or resistance to PHS; (2) To compile data on diagnostic indices found in this work to be predictive for PHS, during exposure to experimental protocols known to trigger PHS; (3) To conduct detailed physiological evaluations of cardiopulmonary function in broilers; (4) To compile data on growth dynamics and other diagnostic indices in existing lines selected for susceptibility or resistance to PHS; (5) To integrate growth dynamics and other diagnostic data within appropriate statistical procedures to provide geneticists with predictive indices that characterize resistance or susceptibility to PHS. Revisions In the first year, the US team acquired the costly Peckode weigh platform / individual bird I.D. system that was to provide the continuous (several times each day), automated weighing of birds, for a comprehensive monitoring of growth dynamics. However, data generated were found to be inaccurate and irreproducible, so making its use implausible. Henceforth, weighing was manual, this highly labor intensive work precluding some of the original objectives of using such a strategy of growth dynamics in selection procedures involving thousands of birds. Major conclusions, solutions, achievements 1. Healthy broilers were found to have greater oscillations in growth velocity and acceleration than PHS susceptible birds. This proved the scientific validity of our original hypothesis that such differences occur. 2. Growth rate in the first week is higher in PHS-susceptible than in PHS-resistant chicks. Artificial neural network accurately distinguished differences between the two groups based on growth patterns in this period. 3. In the US, the unilateral pulmonary occlusion technique was used in collaboration with a major broiler breeding company to create a commercial broiler line that is highly resistant to PHS induced by fast growth and low ambient temperatures. 4. In Israel, lines were obtained by genetic selection on PHS mortality after cold exposure in a dam-line population comprising of 85 sire families. The wide range of PHS incidence per family (0-50%), high heritability (about 0.6), and the results in cold challenged progeny, suggested a highly effective and relatively easy means for selection for PHS resistance 5. The best minimally-invasive diagnostic indices for prediction of PHS resistance were found to be oximetry, hematocrit values, heart rate and electrocardiographic (ECG) lead II waves. Some differences in results were found between the US and Israeli teams, probably reflecting genetic differences in the broiler strains used in the two countries. For instance the US team found the S wave amplitude to predict PHS susceptibility well, whereas the Israeli team found the P wave amplitude to be a better valid predictor. 6. Comprehensive physiological studies further increased knowledge on the development of PHS cardiopulmonary characteristics of pre-ascitic birds, pulmonary arterial wedge pressures, hypotension/kidney response, pulmonary hemodynamic responses to vasoactive mediators were all examined in depth. Implications, scientific and agricultural Substantial progress has been made in understanding the genetic and environmental factors involved in PHS, and their interaction. The two teams each successfully developed different selection programs, by surgical means and by divergent selection under cold challenge. Monitoring of the progress and success of the programs was done be using the in-depth estimations that this research engendered on the reliability and value of non-invasive predictive parameters. These findings helped corroborate the validity of practical means to improve PHT resistance by research-based programs of selection.
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Bercovier, Herve, and Ronald P. Hedrick. Diagnostic, eco-epidemiology and control of KHV, a new viral pathogen of koi and common carp. United States Department of Agriculture, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2007.7695593.bard.
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Original objectives and revisions-The proposed research included these original objectives: field validation of diagnostic tests (PCR), the development and evaluation of new sensitive tools (LC-PCR/TaqManPCR, antibody detection by ELISA) including their use to study the ecology and the epidemiology of KHV (virus distribution in the environment and native cyprinids) and the carrier status of fish exposed experimentally or naturally to KHV (sites of virus replication and potential persistence or latency). In the course of the study we completed the genome sequence of KHV and developed a DNA array to study the expression of KHV genes in different conditions. Background to the topics-Mass mortality of koi or common carp has been observed in Israel, USA, Europe and Asia. These outbreaks have reduced exports of koi from Israel and have created fear about production, import, and movements of koi and have raised concerns about potential impacts on native cyprinid populations in the U.S.A. Major conclusions-A suite of new diagnostic tools was developed that included 3 PCR assays for detection of KHV DNA in cell culture and fish tissues and an ELISA assay capable of detecting anti-KHV antibodies in the serum of koi and common carp. The TKPCR assay developed during the grant has become an internationally accepted gold standard for detection of viral DNA. Additionally, the ELISA developed for detecting serum anti-KHV antibodies is now in wide use as a major nonlethal screening tool for evaluating virus status of koi and common carp populations. Real time PCR assays have been able to detect viral DNA in the internal organs of survivors of natural and wild type vaccine exposures at 1 and 10³ genome equivalents at 7 months after exposure. In addition, vaccinated fish were able to transmit the virus to naive fish. Potential control utilizing hybrids of goldfish and common carp for production demonstrated they were considerably more resistant than pure common carp or koi to both KHV (CyHV-3). There was no evidence that goldfish or other tested endemic cyprinids species were susceptible to KHV. The complete genomic sequencing of 3 strains from Japan, the USA, and Israel revealed a 295 kbp genome containing a 22 kbp terminal direct repeat encoding clear gene homologs to other fish herpesviruses in the family Herpesviridae. The genome encodes156 unique protein-coding genes, eight of which are duplicated in the terminal repeat. Four to seven genes are fragmented and the loss of these genes may be associated with the high virulence of the virus. Viral gene expression was studies by a newly developed chip which has allowed verification of transcription of most all hypothetical genes (ORFs) as well as their kinetics. Implications, both scientific and agricultural- The results from this study have immediate application for the control and management of KHV. The proposal provides elements key to disease management with improved diagnostic tools. Studies on the ecology of the virus also provide insights into management of the virus at the farms that farmers will be able to apply immediately to reduce risks of infections. Lastly, critical issues that surround present procedures used to create “resistant fish” must be be resolved (e.g. carriers, risks, etc.). Currently stamping out may be effective in eradicating the disease. The emerging disease caused by KHV continues to spread. With the economic importance of koi and carp and the vast international movements of koi for the hobby, this disease has the potential for even further spread. The results from our studies form a critical component of a comprehensive program to curtail this emerging pathogen at the local, regional and international levels.
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Muldavin, Esteban, Yvonne Chauvin, Teri Neville, et al. A vegetation classi?cation and map: Guadalupe Mountains National Park. National Park Service, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/2302855.
Full textAbstract:
A vegetation classi?cation and map for Guadalupe Mountains National Park (NP) is presented as part of the National Park Service Inventory & Monitoring - Vegetation Inventory Program to classify, describe, and map vegetation communities in more than 280 national park units across the United States. Guadalupe Mountains NP lies in far west Texas and contains the highest point in the state, Guadalupe Peak (8,751 ft; 2,667 m). The mountain escarpments descend some 5,000 ft (1,500 m) to the desert basins below forming a complex geologic landscape that supports vegetation communities ranging from montane coniferous forests down to desert grasslands and scrub. Following the US National Vegetation Classi?cation (USNVC) standard, we identi?ed 129 plant associations hierarchically tiered under 29 groups and 17 macrogroups, making it one of the most ecologically diverse National Park Service units in the southwestern United States. An aspect that adds to this diversity is that the park supports communities that extend southward from the Rocky Mountains (?ve macrogroups) and Great Plains (one macrogroup) and northward from the Chihuahuan Desert (two macrogroups) and Sierra Madre Orientale of Mexico (three macrogroups). The remaining six macrogroups are found in the Great Basin (one macrogroup), and throughout the southwestern United States (remaining ?ve macrogroups). Embedded in this matrix are gypsum dunelands and riparian zones and wetlands that add further complexity. We describe in detail this vegetation classi?cation, which is based on 540 vegetation plots collected between 2006 and 2010. Full descriptions and diagnostic keys to the plant associations along with an overall plant species list are provided as appendices. Based on the vegetation classi?cation and associated plot data, the vegetation map was developed using a combined strategy of automated digital object-oriented image classi?cation and direct-analog image interpretation of four-band National Agricultural Imagery Program (NAIP) aerial photography from 2004 and 2008 and Landsat Thematic Mapper satellite imagery. The map is designed to facilitate ecologically-based natural resource management at a 1:24,000 scale with 0.5-ha minimum map unit size. The map legend is hierarchically structured: the upper Level 1 consists of 16 map units corresponding in most cases to the USNVC group level, and an additional map unit describing built-up land and agriculture; Level 2 is composed of 48 nested map units re?ecting various combinations of plant associations. A ?eld-based accuracy assessment using 341 vegetation plots revealed a Level 1 overall accuracy of 79% with 90% CI of 74?84% and 68% with 90% CI of 59?76% at Level 2. An annotated legend with summary descriptions of the units, distribution maps, aerial photo examples of map unit polygons, and representative photos are provided in Appendix D. Large wall-size poster maps at 1:35,000 scale were also produced following NPS cartographic standards. The report, plot data, and spatial layers are available at National Park Service Vegetation Mapping Program https://www.nps.gov/im/vegetation-inventory.htm). Outcomes from this project provide the most detailed vegetation classi?cation and highest resolution mapping for Guadalupe Mountains NP to date to support many uses including ?re, recreation, vegetation, and wildlife management, among others. The upper Level 1 map is particularly suited to landscape-scale, park-wide planning and linkages to its sister park, Carlsbad Caverns NP. The Level 2 mapping provides added detail for use at a more localized project scale. The overall accuracy of the maps was good, but because Guadalupe Mountains NP is primarily wilderness park, there were logistical challenges to map development and testing in remote areas that should be considered in planning management actions. In this context, some map units would bene?t from further development and accuracy assessment. In particular, a higher resolution mapping of McKittrick Creek riparian habitat at 1:6,000 scale or ?ner is recommended for this important habitat in the park. In addition, developing a structural canopy height model from LiDAR imagery would be useful to more accurately quantify woody canopy density and height to support ?re management and other habitat management issues. With respect to understanding vegetation dynamics in this time of rapid environmental change, the 540 vegetation plots themselves are su?ciently georeferenced and have the data resolution to be useful in detecting change at the decadal scales across much of the park. To this end, an additional recommendation would be to install more plots to ?ll the gaps among the main vegetation units of the park, both spatially and thematically. Overall, the Vegetation and Classi?cation Map for Guadalupe Mountains NP will support the park?s management e?orts and enhance regional understanding of vegetation and ecology of ecosystems of the southwestern United States.