Academic literature on the topic 'Complex Spatiotemporal Interplay of Biomolecules'
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Journal articles on the topic "Complex Spatiotemporal Interplay of Biomolecules"
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Nguyen, Trung Duc, Yuan-I. Chen, Limin H. Chen, and Hsin-Chih Yeh. "Recent Advances in Single-Molecule Tracking and Imaging Techniques." Annual Review of Analytical Chemistry 16, no. 1 (June 14, 2023): 253–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-anchem-091922-073057.
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Since the early 1990s, single-molecule detection in solution at room temperature has enabled direct observation of single biomolecules at work in real time and under physiological conditions, providing insights into complex biological systems that the traditional ensemble methods cannot offer. In particular, recent advances in single-molecule tracking techniques allow researchers to follow individual biomolecules in their native environments for a timescale of seconds to minutes, revealing not only the distinct pathways these biomolecules take for downstream signaling but also their roles in supporting life. In this review, we discuss various single-molecule tracking and imaging techniques developed to date, with an emphasis on advanced three-dimensional (3D) tracking systems that not only achieve ultrahigh spatiotemporal resolution but also provide sufficient working depths suitable for tracking single molecules in 3D tissue models. We then summarize the observables that can be extracted from the trajectory data. Methods to perform single-molecule clustering analysis and future directions are also discussed.
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Kataria, Meghna, and Hiroyuki Yamano. "Interplay between Phosphatases and the Anaphase-Promoting Complex/Cyclosome in Mitosis." Cells 8, no. 8 (August 2, 2019): 814. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells8080814.
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Accurate division of cells into two daughters is a process that is vital to propagation of life. Protein phosphorylation and selective degradation have emerged as two important mechanisms safeguarding the delicate choreography of mitosis. Protein phosphatases catalyze dephosphorylation of thousands of sites on proteins, steering the cells through establishment of the mitotic phase and exit from it. A large E3 ubiquitin ligase, the anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C) becomes active during latter stages of mitosis through G1 and marks hundreds of proteins for destruction. Recent studies have revealed the complex interregulation between these two classes of enzymes. In this review, we highlight the direct and indirect mechanisms by which phosphatases and the APC/C mutually influence each other to ensure accurate spatiotemporal and orderly progression through mitosis, with a particular focus on recent insights and conceptual advances.
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HILLENBRAND, ULRICH, and J. LEO van HEMMEN. "Spatiotemporal adaptation through corticothalamic loops: A hypothesis." Visual Neuroscience 17, no. 1 (January 2000): 107–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0952523800171111.
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The thalamus is the major gate to the cortex and its control over cortical responses is well established. Cortical feedback to the thalamus is, in turn, the anatomically dominant input to relay cells, yet its influence on thalamic processing has been difficult to interpret. For an understanding of complex sensory processing, detailed concepts of the corticothalamic interplay need yet to be established. Drawing on various physiological and anatomical data, we elaborate the novel hypothesis that the visual cortex controls the spatiotemporal structure of cortical receptive fields via feedback to the lateral geniculate nucleus. Furthermore, we present and analyze a model of corticogeniculate loops that implements this control, and exhibit its ability of object segmentation by statistical motion analysis in the visual field.
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Miller, R. A., and B. E. Britigan. "Role of oxidants in microbial pathophysiology." Clinical Microbiology Reviews 10, no. 1 (January 1997): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/cmr.10.1.1.
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Reactive oxidant species (superoxide, hydrogen peroxide, hydroxyl radical, hypohalous acid, and nitric oxide) are involved in many of the complex interactions between the invading microorganism and its host. Regardless of the source of these compounds or whether they are produced under normal conditions or those of oxidative stress, these oxidants exhibit a broad range of toxic effects to biomolecules that are essential for cell survival. Production of these oxidants by microorganisms enables them to have a survival advantage in their environment. Host oxidant production, especially by phagocytes, is a counteractive mechanism aimed at microbial killing. However, this mechanism may be contribute to a deleterious consequence of oxidant exposure, i.e., inflammatory tissue injury. Both the host and the microorganism have evolved complex adaptive mechanisms to deflect oxidant-mediated damage, including enzymatic and nonenzymatic oxidant-scavenging systems. This review discusses the formation of reactive oxidant species in vivo and how they mediate many of the processes involved in the complex interplay between microbial invasion and host defense.
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Das, N. S., S. T. Dheen, E. A. Ling, B. H. Bay, and D. K. Srinivasan. "Therapeutic Prospects in Preeclampsia - A Mini-Review." Current Medicinal Chemistry 26, no. 25 (October 16, 2019): 4786–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/0929867326666190228115423.
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Background: Preeclapmsia (PE) is characterized by early onset symptoms such as elevated blood pressure, proteinuria and edema in the pregnant woman, and may result in seizures in the affected female. Currently, there are no therapeutic drugs available to treat this condition, but there are interventions to regulate the symptoms based on the gestational period of the fetus, although the largely favored option is delivery of the fetus and placenta. Objective: A search for biomolecules associated with PE was conducted so as to identify diagnostic markers and therapeutic leads. Results: The literature search resulted in the identification of biomolecules such as Corin and Placental Protein 13 (PP13), among others that are associated with PE. Thereby, giving an insight into the various mechanistic pathways involved in the causation of PE. However, it is also evident that PE cannot be solely attributed to any single mechanism but is due to an interplay of different factors that have led to the development of this disease condition. Conclusion: The identified biomarkers would ultimately help in understanding this complex disease and perhaps lead to the discovery of potential effective molecular targets for clinical trials, thereby providing a valuable therapeutic option for affected pregnant women.
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Zhang, Bing, Weijuan Huang, Sen Pei, Jinfeng Zeng, Wei Shen, Daoze Wang, Gang Wang, et al. "Mechanisms for the circulation of influenza A(H3N2) in China: A spatiotemporal modelling study." PLOS Pathogens 18, no. 12 (December 16, 2022): e1011046. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1011046.
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Circulation of seasonal influenza is the product of complex interplay among multiple drivers, yet characterizing the underlying mechanism remains challenging. Leveraging the diverse seasonality of A(H3N2) virus and abundant climatic space across regions in China, we quantitatively investigated the relative importance of population susceptibility, climatic factors, and antigenic change on the dynamics of influenza A(H3N2) through an integrative modelling framework. Specifically, an absolute humidity driven multiscale transmission model was constructed for the 2013/2014, 2014/2015 and 2016/2017 influenza seasons that were dominated by influenza A(H3N2). We revealed the variable impact of absolute humidity on influenza transmission and differences in the occurring timing and magnitude of antigenic change for those three seasons. Overall, the initial population susceptibility, climatic factors, and antigenic change explained nearly 55% of variations in the dynamics of influenza A(H3N2). Specifically, the additional variation explained by the initial population susceptibility, climatic factors, and antigenic change were at 33%, 26%, and 48%, respectively. The vaccination program alone failed to fully eliminate the summer epidemics of influenza A(H3N2) and non-pharmacological interventions were needed to suppress the summer circulation. The quantitative understanding of the interplay among driving factors on the circulation of influenza A(H3N2) highlights the importance of simultaneous monitoring of fluctuations for related factors, which is crucial for precise and targeted prevention and control of seasonal influenza.
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Abbasi, Omid, Nadine Steingräber, Nikos Chalas, Daniel S. Kluger, and Joachim Gross. "Spatiotemporal dynamics characterise spectral connectivity profiles of continuous speaking and listening." PLOS Biology 21, no. 7 (July 21, 2023): e3002178. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3002178.
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Speech production and perception are fundamental processes of human cognition that both rely on intricate processing mechanisms that are still poorly understood. Here, we study these processes by using magnetoencephalography (MEG) to comprehensively map connectivity of regional brain activity within the brain and to the speech envelope during continuous speaking and listening. Our results reveal not only a partly shared neural substrate for both processes but also a dissociation in space, delay, and frequency. Neural activity in motor and frontal areas is coupled to succeeding speech in delta band (1 to 3 Hz), whereas coupling in the theta range follows speech in temporal areas during speaking. Neural connectivity results showed a separation of bottom-up and top-down signalling in distinct frequency bands during speaking. Here, we show that frequency-specific connectivity channels for bottom-up and top-down signalling support continuous speaking and listening. These findings further shed light on the complex interplay between different brain regions involved in speech production and perception.
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Cowan, A. E., Y. Li, F. R. Morgan, D. E. Koppel, B. M. Slepchenko, L. M. Loew, and J. Schaff. "Using the Virtual Cell Simulation Environment for Extracting Quantitative Parameters from Live Cell Fluorescence Imaging Data." Microscopy Today 17, no. 6 (November 2009): 36–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1551929509991039.
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Rapid advances in fluorescence probe and imaging technologies now provide easily accessible tools for biologists to perform highly detailed analysis of molecular interactions in living cells. However it can be difficult to extract accurate parameters from these experiments because of the complex interplay of diffusion-reaction events with the morphology of the cell. As a result, only a small fraction of the available spatiotemporal information is utilized, and in many cases analysis remains at a qualitative level. The Virtual Cell (VCell, http://vcell.org) simulation environment is uniquely suited to analyzing these types of fluorescence imaging experiments because it is designed to solve reaction-diffusion equations within any given geometry [1]
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Ruhl, C. J., R. E. Abercrombie, K. D. Smith, and I. Zaliapin. "Complex spatiotemporal evolution of the 2008 M w 4.9 Mogul earthquake swarm (Reno, Nevada): Interplay of fluid and faulting." Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth 121, no. 11 (November 2016): 8196–216. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2016jb013399.
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Chen, Lijun, and Shangjing Jiang. "Spatiotemporal Polyrhythm Characteristics of Public Bicycle Mobility in Urban Chronotopes Context." ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 11, no. 1 (December 28, 2021): 6. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijgi11010006.
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Cycling rhythm performance is the result of a complex interplay between active travel demand and cycling network supply. Most studies focused on bicycle flow, but little attention has been paid to cycling rhythm changes for public bicycles. Full sample data of origin–destination enables an efficient description of network-wide cycling mobility efficiency in urban public bicycle systems. In this paper, we show how the spatiotemporal characteristics of cycling speed reveal the performance of cycling rhythms. The inference method of riding speed estimation is proposed with an unknown cycling path. The significant inconsistency of docking stations in cycling rhythm was unraveled by the source–sink relationship comparison. The asymmetry of the cycling rhythm on the path is manifested as the rhythm difference among paths and bidirectional inconsistency. We found that cycling rhythm has a temporal multilayer and spatial mismatch, which shows the inflection points of the cycling rhythm where the travel behavioral preference changes and the exact road segments with different rhythms. This finding suggests that a well-designed cycling environment and occupation-residential function should be considered in active transport demand management and urban planning to help induce active travel behavior decisions.
Book chapters on the topic "Complex Spatiotemporal Interplay of Biomolecules"
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Bunker, Bruce C., and William H. Casey. "Bio-inspired Synthesis of Oxide Nanostructures." In The Aqueous Chemistry of Oxides. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199384259.003.0015.
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Nature is capable of building magnificently intricate and detailed structures out of otherwise boring materials such as calcium carbonate and silica. Anyone who has taken their children to see dinosaurs at a Natural History museum or visited natural wonders such as the Petrified Forest in Arizona are familiar with the natural process called fossilization by which the tissues of dead organisms are eventually replicated by objects of stone. Most living organisms (including humans) are critically dependent on more deliberate and controlled biomineralization phenomena that lead to the production of all hard tissues, including our teeth and bones, seashells and diatom skeletons, egg shells, and the magnetic nanoparticles that provide homing devices from bacteria to birds. All these processes are nothing more than specific examples of highly controlled nucleation and growth phenomena such as those described in generic terms in Chapter 7. At a molecular level, these processes are controlled by the same reaction mechanisms involving oxide surfaces, which were outlined in Chapter 6. However, biomineralization is orders of magnitude more sophisticated than standard nucleation and growth processes. The unique features of biomineralization involve the interplay between organic biomolecules and the nucleation and growth of inorganic phases such as oxides. This interplay is of critical importance in both biology and emerging nanotechnologies, providing specific examples that illustrate many of the concepts of oxide chemistry introduced in Chapters 5 through 7. In this chapter, we highlight the key concepts of biomineralization and provide examples of how researchers can now produce complex nanostructured oxides via biomimetic nucleation and growth strategies that replicate some of the key features used to make hard tissues in living systems. These strategies include the use of (1) molecular complexation and compartmentalization to control supersaturation levels, (2) specific ligands and surface structures to mediate nucleation phenomena, (3) hierarchical self-assembled organic architectures as templates for oxide formation, (4) functionalization to stimulate desired heterogeneous nucleation and growth processes on those templates, and (5) organic surfactants to manipulate both crystal-phase preferences and growth habits.
Conference papers on the topic "Complex Spatiotemporal Interplay of Biomolecules"
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Otsuka, Kenju, and Kensuke Ikeda. "Global Chaos in a Discrete Time-Dependent Complex Ginzburg-Landau Equation." In Nonlinear Dynamics in Optical Systems. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/nldos.1990.oc570.
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Spatiotemporal behavior of spatially distributed nonequilibrium systems is a crucial problem in complex dynamics. In particular, in high-dimensional chaotic systems, different solutions (spatial structures) coexist in the stationary state. The important fundamental question then arises: What kind of spatiotemporal behavior takes place when coexisting equilibria (patterns) become dynamically unstable? We have investigated this general issue for years, and recently discovered self-induced switching between coexisting attractor ruins by an internally created chaotic force, i.e., chaotic itinerancy, in some high-dimensional chaotic systems including a coupled bistable chain1, multimode Maxwell-Bloch2 and spatially-coupled laser systems.3 The essential common requirements for this phenomenon have been found to be ’coupling’ between elements and ’on-site nonlinearity’. This fact inspired us to investigate a simple model system, the time-dependent Ginzburg-Landau (TDGL) equation system, which includes complex coupling and nonlinearity in a general fashion.4 TDGL has been extensively investigated to understand turbulent phenomena in spatially extended nonequilibrium systems. However, attention has been focused on the behavior around the localized equilibrium, and interplay between coexisting equilibria has been left an open question. In this paper, we discuss a discrete TDGL equation with complex coupling coefficients under the periodic boundary condition, which expresses spatiotemporal dynamics of a one- dimensional looped nonlinear oscillator chain, e.g., lasers. We investigate its spatiotemporal dynamics, paying special attention to the interplay between local chaos around coexisting equilibria and the scenario leading to global chaos, which is expected to result from the connection between local chaotic orbits.
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McIntyre, Stephen D., Yoichiro Mori, and Elena G. Tolkacheva. "Local Onset of Voltage and Calcium Alternans in the Heart." In ASME 2011 Dynamic Systems and Control Conference and Bath/ASME Symposium on Fluid Power and Motion Control. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/dscc2011-6148.
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A beat-to-beat variation in cardiac action potential durations (APD) is a phenomenon known as electrical alternans. Alternans desynchronizes depolarization, increases dispersion of refractoriness and creates a substrate for ventricular fibrillation. In the heart, APD alternans can be accompanied by alternans in intracellular calcium ([Ca2+]i) transients. Recently, we demonstrated experimentally that the onset of APD alternans in the heart is a local phenomenon that undergoes complex spatiotemporal dynamics as pacing rate increases. Moreover, the local onset of APD alternans can be predicted by measuring the restitution properties of periodically paced cardiac tissue. The purpose of this research is to investigate the interplay between local onsets of APD and [Ca2+]i alternans using 2D simulation of action potential model of cardiac myocytes.