Books on the topic 'Complex societal problems'
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1
DeTombe, Dorien J. Defining complex interdisciplinary societal problems: A theoretical study for constructing a co-operative problem analyzing method: the method COMPRAM. Amsterdam: Thesis Pub., 1994.
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Societal learning and change: How governments, business and civil society are creating solutions to complex multi-stakeholder problems. Sheffield: Greenleaf Pub., 2005.
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Stuhler, Elmar A., and Dorien J. DeTombe. Complex problem solving: Methodological support for societal policy making. München: Hampp, 1999.
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Tromp, Coyan. Wicked Philosophy. NL Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5117/9789462988774.
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Wicked Philosophy. Philosophy of Science and Vision Development for Complex Problems provides an overview of the philosophy of the natural sciences, the social sciences and the humanities, and explores how insights from these three domains can be integrated to help find solutions for the complex, ‘wicked’ problems we are currently facing. The core of a new science-based vision is complexity thinking, offering a meta-position for navigating alternative paradigms and making informed choices of resources for projects involving complex problems. The book also brings design thinking into problem-solving and teaching, fostering construction of an integrative approach that bridges structure and action amplified by transdisciplinary engagement of stakeholders in society. It is not always easy to set up a succesfull philosophy course for students in other programs. The author of Wicked Philosophy, Coyan Tromp, has experience in designing courses on philosophy of science for various Bachelor programs. You can find two examples here. The first example is for an introductory course to an Interdisciplinary Philosophy of Science, which is specifically suited for programs focusing at complex problems such as sustainability or health issues. The second example is a program for a course on (Philosophy of) Science in a Post-Truth Society. More examples are also available (e.g. a program in which Philosophy of Science is combined with Vision Development and Future Scenarios). In addition to the program, the author can also provide a workbook with lesson plans, both for online and on campus settings as well as additional literature suggestions for Dutch and French programmes. Please contact us at marketing@aup.nl for questions or extra material.
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Semenova, Elena. Actual problems of designing the educational process. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1013701.
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The textbook is an author's development formed on the basis of actual achievements of several areas of scientific knowledge related to various aspects of intellectual activity and implemented in the practice of professional pedagogical activity of different educational groups and forms of education (both higher and additional professional education). Structure of the study involves theoretical facts, the availability of practical tasks, allowing to assess the level of dynamics of development of the future specialist and workshop, contributing to the expansion of personal pedagogical tools. Compiled in accordance with the requirements of the society for socially oriented professions of the future, presented on the portal of new professions atlas100.ru. Meets the requirements of the federal state educational standards of higher education of the latest generation. It is addressed to students, undergraduates, postgraduates studying in pedagogical directions, teachers of educational organizations.
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Russkevich, Evgeniy. Criminal law and "digital crime": problems and solutions. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1840963.
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The monograph is devoted to a complex of theoretical and applied problems of adapting the domestic mechanism of criminal law protection to the "digitalization" of crime in the conditions of the formation of the information society. Along with general theoretical issues, foreign criminal legislation and provisions of international law are being thoroughly analyzed. The paper presents an updated criminal-legal description of crimes in the field of computer information, including novelties of Russian criminal legislation - unlawful impact on the critical information infrastructure of the Russian Federation (Article 2741 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation), developed proposals for the differentiation of criminal liability for attacks on the security of computer data and systems, developed scientifically sound recommendations for qualification.
In the second edition, the issues of differentiation of criminal liability for digital crimes by means of the General and Special Parts of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation are separately worked out. The analysis of the problems of qualification of crimes in the field of computer information, as well as other crimes committed using information and communication technologies, outside of Chapter 28 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation. Taking into account the results obtained, a draft resolution of the Plenum of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation "On judicial practice in cases of crimes in the field of computer information" is presented.
It is intended for researchers, teachers, practicing lawyers, students and postgraduates of law schools and faculties.
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Pichugin, Vitaliy, Elena Kamneva, and Zhanna Korobanova. The problem of responsibility formation in the development of human capital. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1873865.
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The monograph examines the current problems related to the development of human capital, presents the results of research on the conditions, means and methods of effective formation of responsibility in the process of human capital development. Prepared on the basis of the results of research carried out within the framework of the university-wide complex topic of the Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation "Socio-political, economic and legal conditions for the development of human potential, society and the state. Socio-political, psychological and linguistic factors of civilizational development in conditions of instability".
It is intended for managers of personnel departments, researchers, teachers, postgraduates, doctoral students and students of higher educational institutions. The materials can be used in the educational process when reading courses "Management Psychology", "Labor Psychology", "Organizational Psychology", "Personnel Management", etc.
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Ismailov, Nariman, Samira Nadzhafova, and Aygyun Gasymova. Bioecosystem complexes for the solution of environmental, industrial and social problems (on the example of Azerbaijan). ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1043239.
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A key objective of the modern development of society is the observance of ecological and socio-economic unity in human life
and comprehensive improvement of environment and quality of life should be considered in close connection with the quality of the natural landscape. The formation of scientific understanding of the unity of society and nature is driven by the need for practical implementation of such unity. This defines the focus of this monograph. Given the overall assessment of the current state of the environment in Azerbaijan, considers the scenarios for the future development of the area. The prospects of the use of biotechnology in integrated environmental protection. In the framework of the above to address complex social, environmental and production problems in Azerbaijan developed scientific basis of integrated system of industrial farms — biclusters with a closed production cycle through effective utilization of regional biological resources,
whose interactions and relationships take on the character of vzaimodeistvie components for obtaining focused final result with high practical importance. Microbiological, biochemical
and technological processes are the basis of all development of biotechnology. Presents the development will help strengthen the ties between science and production, establishing mechanisms to conduct applied research in the field of innovation and creation of knowledge-based technologies in solving current and future environmental problems in Azerbaijan.
We offer innovative ideas distinguishes the potential need for their materialization into new products, technologies and services, including the widespread use of digital technologies to design dynamic digital environmental map in space and in time.
For students, scientific and engineering-technical workers, students and specializing in environmental technology, environmental protection.
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Goyhman, Oskar, Lyubov' Goncharova, Alla Larionova, Nikolay Kargin, Igor' Klyukanov, Nur Ahmet Dosmuhamet, Irina Privalova, et al. Social and identification status of communication studies. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1111369.
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The collective monograph is devoted to interdisciplinary problems of communication in a modern multimodal society. A number of aspects outlining the status of communication studies as a scientific, practical and social phenomenon are discussed. The authors ask questions about the influence of digitalization on interpersonal and intercultural communication in the modern world, consider the philosophical and cultural meanings of the communicative self-identity of peoples from the positions of national and state ideologies, touch upon the problems of communication in various spheres and discourses: professional, media, political, scientific, educational and social. The monograph also touches on the linguo-axiological, image and linguistic-cultural aspects of communicative processes.
The study consists of seven chapters that reveal the authors ' views on the current state and prospects for the development of communicative science and humanities in general.
It is addressed to representatives of the scientific community - scientists, graduate students, undergraduates, as well as anyone interested in the issues of communication studies as an important and complex social phenomenon.
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Vlasyenko, Nikolay, Artem Tsirin, YEkatyerina Spyektor, Natalya Povetkina, Zarina Bedoeva, Yuliya Belyaeva, Maksim Zaloilo, Elena Rafalyuk, and E. Sidorova. Dictionary on the Subject of Anti-Corruption. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/18663.
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Currently, the problem of combating corruption is in the center of attention of Russian society and the state. The legal and organizational framework for combating corruption has been formed. Anti-corruption legislation is constantly being improved, becoming more holistic and systematic, so further classification of its concepts is required.
The Glossary contains more than 500 terms of Russian and foreign language origin, which are basic in the practice of combating corruption and are used in criminal, administrative and financial law of Russia; it guides the reader in a complex system of modern legal categories related to anti-corruption topics; uses the tools of international agreements ratified by the Russian Federation; it will help clarify the conceptual apparatus of normative legal acts and eliminate contradictions in existing documents.
The publication is intended to be used in the educational process in the framework of scientific and educational support for combating corruption.
For employees of scientific institutions and government agencies, teachers, students, postgraduates of higher educational institutions and practicing lawyers.
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Gutiérrez Ríos, Mirta Yolima, and César Correa Arias. Investigación educativa. Bogotá. Colombia: Universidad de La Salle. Ediciones Unisalle, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.19052/9786287510180.
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La incertidumbre que caracteriza los tiempos actuales y venideros y las múltiples consecuencias de su influencia (a nivel individual y colectivo) se constituyen en fuente de formación y confrontación para los investigadores. De manera particular, las facultades de educación, comprometidas con la formación de doctores en este campo, tienen como desafío propiciar el desarrollo de propuestas que contribuyan a transformar la compleja crisis de las certezas desde la investigación, desarrollo e innovación de las dinámicas sociales, económicas, políticas, comunicativas y culturales. En atención a este desafío, este texto plantea una propuesta para la comprensión y construcción teórica de las demandas sociales que caracterizan nuestro tiempo desde una práctica narrativa, reflexiva y crítica basada en anclajes didácticos, necesarios para transitar de una construcción teórica a una autonomía de pensamiento epistémico. Así mismo, se propone una alternativa para el desarrollo de habilidades y capacidades científicas en la formación doctoral desde la pregunta ¿cómo potenciar la actitud resolutiva de los problemas de la educación y la sociedad desde la construcción de marcos teóricos?
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1947-, Febles Jorge M., and González-Pérez Armando, eds. Matías Montes Huidobro: Acercamientos a su obra literaria. Lewiston, N.Y: E. Mellen Press, 1997.
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Detombe, Dorien J. DEFINING COMPLEX INTERDISCIPLINARY SOCIETAL PROBLEMS. Purdue University Press, 2003.
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J, DeTombe Dorien, and Dijkum Cor van, eds. Analyzing complex societal problems: A methodological approach. München: Rainer Hampp, 1996.
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Waddell, Steve. Societal Learning and Change: How Governments, Business and Civil Society Are Creating Solutions to Complex Multi-Stakeholder Problems. Taylor & Francis Group, 2005.
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Waddell, Steve. Societal Learning and Change: How Governments, Business and Civil Society Are Creating Solutions to Complex Multi-Stakeholder Problems. Taylor & Francis Group, 2017.
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Bendix, Regina F., Kilian Bizer, and Dorothy Noyes. From Cool Phenomena to Hot Problems. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252040894.003.0003.
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The research topic shapes the interdisciplinary process. Both institutional and societal incentives favor the funding of research on "hot" problems over more stable, ongoing phenomena. All social research addresses social life and language in motion, but problem-based research also mobilizes an array of stakeholders, often coming together around a slogan-concept (such as cultural property) that proposes a solution for an intractable, complex situation. "Mode 2" knowledge networks around hot problems bring an unusual degree of scrutiny to academic work, while heightening the differential stances of researchers and their disciplines, turning the project itself into a hot zone. A remedy lies in setting the team to examine the common sense of the problem and its slogans as a starting point for more focused research.
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Garbarino, Sergio. Morbidity, mortality, societal impact, and accident in sleep disorders. Edited by Sudhansu Chokroverty, Luigi Ferini-Strambi, and Christopher Kennard. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199682003.003.0053.
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Sleep disorders are associated with several morbidities, most strongly with psychiatric disorders, cognitive impairment, and impaired quality of life, as well as with increased mortality. Sleep problems are common across the lifespan from childhood to adolescence and adulthood. Physiological sleep continuity with respect to circadian rhythms is considered to be important for the maintenance of cardiovascular, metabolic, and immune function, physiological homeostasis, and psychological balance. Nowadays, it is reasonable to include sleep disturbances among the top 10 potentially modifiable cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors. The links between sleep disorders and morbidity as CVD show bidirectional associations. Because these disorders are chronic, they may also have a deleterious societal impact on a patient’s employment status, ability to work, risk of accident, and health. The relationship between work performance and sleep quality is reciprocal and potentially complex. This chapter illustrates the principal sleep disorders and their relevance as indicators of health status.
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Tammemagi, Hans. The Waste Crisis. Oxford University Press, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195128987.001.0001.
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As populations continue to increase, society produces more and more waste. Yet it is becoming increasingly difficult to build new landfills, and the existing landfills are causing significant environmental damage. Finding solutions is not simple; the problem is enormous in size, vital in terms of its impact on the environment, and complex in scope. This book provides a vast look at solid waste management in North America and seeks solutions to the waste crisis. It describes the magnitude and complexity of the problem, focusing on municipal wastes and placing them in the perspective of other wastes such as hazardous, biochemical, and radioactive debris. It describes the components of an integrated waste management program, including recycling, composting, landfills, and waste incinerators, and it presents in detail the scientific and engineering principles underlying these technologies. To illustrate both the problems and solutions of waste management programs, the authors provide seven case histories, among them the Fresh Kills (Staten Island, New York), the East Carbon Landfill (Utah), and the Lancaster County Municipal Waste Incinerator (Pennsylvania). The Waste Crisis is unique in its attempt to analyze waste management in a broader societal context and to propose solutions based on basic principles. And by doing so, it encourages readers to challenge commonly held perceptions and to seek new and better ways of dealing with waste. As such, this book deserves a place on the bookshelf of anyone who deals with or feels the need to confront the growing problems of waste management.
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Briggle, Adam, and Clifford G. Christians. Media and Communication. Edited by Robert Frodeman. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198733522.013.17.
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“Media and Communication” surveys the historical development and present form of multi-, inter-, and transdisciplinary studies of media and communication. It begins with a brief historical sketch of media and communication in order to indicate the kinds of phenomena motivating the studies. This sketch indicates that the four primary drivers of interdisciplinarity are present in this field. Media and communication are (1) inherently complex, (2) raise questions that are not confined to a single discipline, (3) pose societal problems that transcend the academy, and (4) are tightly linked to new technologies. Indeed, media and communication studies are motivated in large part by the complex questions and social changes brought about by new technologies.
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Gray, Barbara, and Jill Purdy. Multistakeholder Partnerships in Context. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198782841.003.0002.
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This chapter analyzes a variety of contextual factors that make partnerships a necessity. More and more societal problems have become “wicked problems” that involve many actors and defy resolution and require the attention and commitment of many interdependent players to find solutions because actions taken by one organization or sector negatively impact others. Increasing “glocalization” or fusing of the local and the global problems also propels partnerships. Six glocal conditions are explored that have spurred the growth of cross-sector partnerships locally and across the globe: deepening income inequality; growing importance of health in the economy; environmental degradation including climate change, water crises, and the need for sustainability, large-scale involuntary migration, increases in extreme weather events and continued decline in ability of governments to handle complex problems. The chapter also identifies partners’ motivations for joining partnerships, and classifies partnerships according to motives and intended outcomes.
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Merkel, Wolfgang, Raj Kollmorgen, and Hans-Jürgen Wagener, eds. The Handbook of Political, Social, and Economic Transformation. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198829911.001.0001.
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Political, social, and economic transformation is a complex historical phenomenon. It can be adequately analysed only by a multidisciplinary approach. This Handbook brings together an international team of scholars who are specialists in their respective research fields. They introduce the most important areas, theories, and methods in transformation research. Most attention is placed on the historical and comparative dimension. Although focusing on postcommunist and other democratic transformations in our epoch, the Handbook therefore presents and discusses not only their problems, paths, and developments, it also deals with the antecedent ‘waves’, beginning with the Meiji Restoration in Japan in 1868 and its aftermath. The book is structured into six layers. Starting with basic concepts as systems, actors, and institutions (Section I), it then gives an overview of the major theoretical approaches and research methods (Sections II, III). The connection of theory and method with their application is essential. It allows special insights into the past and opens analytical avenues for transformation research in the future. Section IV then provides a historically oriented description and interpretation of particular ‘waves’ or types of societal transformation. With a clear focus on present transformations, the chapters in Section V provide a description and discussion of the problems, structures, actors, and courses of the transformations within different spheres of (civil) society, politics, law, and economics. Finally, the brief lexicographic chapters in Section VI delineate facts about particular relevant issues of societal transformation. Each of the chapters contains a concise list of the most important research literature.
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Termeer, Catrien, Arwin van Buuren, Art Dewulf, Dave Huitema, Heleen Mees, Sander Meijerink, and Marleen van Rijswick. Governance Arrangements for Adaptation to Climate Change. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acrefore/9780190228620.013.600.
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Adaptation to climate change is not only a technical issue; above all, it is a matter of governance. Governance is more than government and includes the totality of interactions in which public as well as private actors participate, aiming to solve societal problems. Adaptation governance poses some specific, demanding challenges, such as the context of institutional fragmentation, as climate change involves almost all policy domains and governance levels; the persistent uncertainties about the nature and scale of risks and proposed solutions; and the need to make short-term policies based on long-term projections. Furthermore, adaptation is an emerging policy field with, at least for the time being, only weakly defined ambitions, responsibilities, procedures, routines, and solutions. Many scholars have already shown that complex problems, such as adaptation to climate change, cannot be solved in a straightforward way with actions taken by a hierarchic or monocentric form of governance. This raises the question of how to develop governance arrangements that contribute to realizing adaptation options and increasing the adaptive capacity of society. A series of seven basic elements have to be addressed in designing climate adaptation governance arrangements: the framing of the problem, the level(s) at which to act, the alignment across sectoral boundaries, the timing of the policies, the selection of policy instruments, the organization of the science-policy interface, and the most appropriate form of leadership. For each of these elements, this chapter suggests some tentative design principles. In addition to effectiveness and legitimacy, resilience is an important criterion for evaluating these arrangements. The development of governance arrangements is always context- and time-specific, and constrained by the formal and informal rules of existing institutions.
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Herring, Ronald J., ed. The Oxford Handbook of Food, Politics, and Society. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780195397772.001.0001.
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This book explores the complex interrelationships between food and agriculture, politics, and society. More specifically, it considers the political aspects of three basic economic questions: what is to be produced? how is it to be produced? how it is to be distributed? It also outlines three unifying themes running through the politics of answering these societal questions with regard to food, namely: ecology, technology and property. Furthermore, the book examines the tendency to address the new organization of global civil society around food, its production, distribution, and consequences for the least powerful within the context of the North-South divide; the problems of malnutrition as opposed to poverty, food insecurity, and food shortages, as well as the widespread undernutrition in developing countries; and how biotechnology can be used to ensure a sustainable human future by addressing global problems such as human population growth, pollution, climate change, and limited access to clean water and other basic food production resources. The influence of science and politics on the framing of modern agricultural technologies is also discussed, along with the worsening food crisis in Sub-Saharan Africa, food security and food safety, and the relationship between gender inequality and food security. Other chapters deal with the link between land and food and its implications for social justice; the "eco-shopping” perspective; the transformation of the agrifood industry in developing countries; the role of wild foods in food security; agroecological intensification of smallholder production systems; and the ethics of food production and consumption.
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Bleidt, Barry A., Carmita A. Coleman, Silvia E. Rabionet, and Ardis Hanson. Pharmacists’ Roles in the Increase of Health Literacy Among Patients. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190238308.003.0007.
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Many of the challenges people face in today’s society have their origins in the early years and experiences of life, including problems with words, numeracy, and problem-solving. Layer onto these problems the need to successfully navigate today’s complex health care setting, and patients who have low health literacy and numeracy experience significant problems affecting their utilization of health care services. This chapter frames health literacy as a major public health problem, particularly its impact on patient care and its effects on health promotion and disease prevention efforts. It also addresses the roles of pharmacists, from identifying low health literacy patients and providing interventions to recommending individualized tools to assist in the everyday care of these patients.
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Platzer, Hans-Wolfgang, Matthias Klemm, and Udo Dengel, eds. Transnationalisierung der Arbeit und der Arbeitsbeziehungen. Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft mbH & Co. KG, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5771/9783845294322.
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The world of work and industrial relations, which have historically mainly been defined from a national point of view, are key aspects in a complex process of political, economic and societal transnationalisation. This book presents current research findings which focus on specific problems regarding the changes to labour and industrial relations due to transnationalisation. As part of a first topic area, transnational labour markets and employment systems as well as the requirements of social and labour rights concerning transnational labour migration are examined. A second topic area is dedicated to actors, institutions and forms of regulation in the field of transnational industrial relations. In relation to the third topic area, numerous contributions discuss the impact of interculturalism, digitisation and virtuality on modern working environments, such as working in transnational teams. With contributions by Olga Angelopoulou, Heinrich Bollinger, Udo Dengel, Christine Domke, Anne Engelhardt, Daniel Ittstein, Matthias Klemm, Horst Mund, Kirsten Nazarkiewicz, Hans-Wolfgang Platzer, Ludger Pries, Hans-Joachim Reinhard, Sophie Rosenbohm, Stefan Rüb, Agnieszka Satola, Norbert Schröer, Ronald Staples, Rainer Trinkzec
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Anitescu, Magdalena. Neuroanesthesia: A Problem-Based Learning Approach. Edited by David E. Traul and Irene P. Osborn. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190850036.001.0001.
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Neuroanesthesia: A Problem-Based Learning Approach provides a comprehensive review of the field of neuroanesthesia. Its format, inspired by the American Society of Anesthesiologists model of Problem-Based Learning Discussions, incorporates a pool of practical, ABA board-exam-style multiple choice questions for self-assessment. Each of its 29 case-based chapters start with a case description, usually a compilation of several actual cases; it then branches out through case-based questions to increasingly complex situations. The structure is designed to create an authentic experience that mirrors that of an oral board examination. The discussion sections that follow offer a comprehensive approach to the chapter’s subject matter, thus creating a modern, complete, and up-to-date review of the topic. This book is equally a solid reference compendium of neuronesthesia topics and a comprehensive review to assist the general anesthesiologist both in day-to-day practice and during preparation for certification exams.
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Kokurina, O. Yu. PROBLEMS OF STABILITY, VIABILITY, RESILIENCE OF THE STATE AND SOCIETY. ELECTRONIC TUTORIAL. O.Yu. Kokurina, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.12731/kokurina-2022-02-11.
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This manual contains a critical generalization of the problem of the viability and resilience of the state and the socio-political system, based on an interdisciplinary systems approach to its solution. The author reveals the problem of the viability of the state and the resilience of public administration and legal regulation as complex social systems. Modern approaches to ensuring the stability of complex systems with control based on the balance of diversity and complexity, control processes and self-organization are presented. It is shown that the viable systems model (VSM) can serve as a useful tool for conceptual simplification, helping to find the necessary balance between the complexity and resilience of public administration and regulation systems. The imperative of mutual responsibility of the individual, society and public authorities as a political and legal regulator of ensuring the stability of the socio-political system is substantiated. The study was supported by the RFBR and EISI within the framework of the scientific project No. 21-011-31155.
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Mitchell, George E., Hans Peter Schmitz, and Tosca Bruno-van Vijfeijken. Between Power and Irrelevance. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190084714.001.0001.
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Geopolitical shifts, increasing demands for accountability, and growing competition have been driving the need for change within the transnational nongovernmental organization (TNGO) sector. Additionally, TNGOs have been embracing more transformative strategies aimed at the root causes, not just the symptoms, of societal problems. As the world has changed and TNGOs’ ambitions have expanded, the roles of TNGOs have begun to shift and their work has become more complex. To remain effective, legitimate, and relevant in the future necessitates organizational changes and investments in new capabilities. However, many organizations have been slow to adapt. As a result, for many TNGOs’ the rhetoric of sustainable impact and transformative change has far outpaced the reality of their limited abilities to deliver on their promises. This book frankly explores why this gap between rhetoric and reality exists and what TNGOs can do individually and collectively to close it. In short, TNGOs need to change the fundamental conditions under which they themselves operate by bringing their own “forms and norms” into better alignment with their contemporary ambitions and strategies. This book offers accessible future-oriented analyses and lessons-learned to assist readers in formulating and implementing organizational changes to adapt TNGOs for the future. The book draws upon a variety of disciplines and perspectives, including hundreds of interviews with TNGO leaders, firsthand involvement in major organizational change processes in leading TNGOs, and numerous workshops, training institutes, consultancies, and research projects.
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Gray, Barbara, and Jill Purdy. Collaborating for Our Future. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198782841.001.0001.
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Organizations turn to multistakeholder partnerships (MSPs) to meet challenges they cannot handle alone. By tapping diverse stakeholders’ resources, MSPs develop the capability to address complex issues and problems, such as health care delivery, poverty, human rights, watershed management, education, sustainability, and innovation. This book provides a comprehensive understanding of MSPs, why they are needed, the challenges partners face in working together, and how to design them effectively. Through the process of collaboration partners combine their differing strengths, vantage points, and expertise to craft innovative responses to pressing societal concerns. The book offers valuable advice for leaders about how to design and scale up effective partnerships and how to address potential obstacles partners may face, such as dealing with the conflicts and power issues likely to arise as partners negotiate with each other. Drawing on three comprehensive cases and countless shorter examples from around the world, the book offers practical advice for organizations embarking on an MSP, as well as theoretical understanding of how partnerships function. Using an institutional theory lens, it explains how partnerships can effect change in institutional fields by reducing turbulence and negotiating a common set of norms and routines to govern partners’ future interactions within the field of concern. Topics covered include: the nature of working collaboratively, why partnerships are needed, types of partnerships, guidelines for partnership design, partnerships and field dynamics, how to deal with conflicts among partners, negotiating across power differences, partnerships for sustainability, collaborative governance, working across scale differences, and how partnerships transform fields.
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Ladouceur, Robert, and Stella Lachance. Overcoming Your Pathological Gambling: Workbook. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med:psych/9780195317015.001.0001.
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Though gambling has become increasingly prevalent in society, pathological gambling is a serious condition. Through this treatment program, patients will learn not only how to avoid problem situations, but also the truth about gambling. Written by researchers who have spent over two decades studying the psychology of gambling, this guide represents the treatment they have found to be most effective at controlling the urge to gamble, understanding the true nature of gambling games, and preventing future gambling problems. Intended for use in conjunction with supervised therapy, this online workbook includes various self-assessments and exercises designed to help patients reach the ultimate goal of complete abstinence from gambling.
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Bland, Lucy, and Lesley Hall. Eugenics in Britain: The View from the Metropole. Edited by Alison Bashford and Philippa Levine. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780195373141.013.0012.
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This article discusses the impact of eugenics in Britain. It discusses eugenics as a biological way of thinking about social, economic, political, and cultural change. It gives scientific credibility to prejudices, anxieties, and fears that are prevalent primarily among the middle and upper classes. It delineates the tensions between “classic” and “reform”, although this is only one modality along which to align the complex factors that polarized the society—some of them ideological, some of them about tactics, and some based on personalities. It gives a detailed description of the differentiation of societies' activities into study and practice. The social problem group; research into contraceptive methods; family allowances; race mixture; and immigration are discussed. The practices are divided into negative and positive. Finally, this article concludes that eugenicists see feeblemindedness as hereditary, emblematic of degeneracy, and contributes to numerous social problems, such as poverty and unemployment.
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Saito, Hiro. The Coexistence of Nationalism and Cosmopolitanism, 1997–2015. University of Hawai'i Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.21313/hawaii/9780824856748.003.0005.
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Between 1997 and 2015, the history problem became more complex due to changes in both domestic and international situations of the three countries. The LDP returned to power, but it had to form a coalition government with other small parties. Various new actors also entered the field, including the Japanese Society for History Textbook Reform that promoted “healthy nationalism” in history education. At the same time, historians and educators in the three countries began organizing joint historical research and education projects to promote the logic of cosmopolitanism, and even the LDP-led coalition government launched bilateral joint historical research projects with South Korea and China to prevent a further escalation of the history problem. Thus, nationalist commemorations in the three countries continued to fuel the history problem, but they came to coexist, in a complex manner, with mutual cosmopolitan commemoration initiated by the governmental and nongovernmental joint projects.
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Fleck, Leonard M. Precision Medicine and Distributive Justice. Oxford University PressNew York, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197647721.001.0001.
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Abstract Wicked ethical problems have been generated by precision medicine due to both the wiliness of cancer and the fragmentation of health care financing in the United States. The wiliness of cancer has resulted in these targeted cancer therapies yielding only very marginal gains in life expectancy for most patients at very great cost, thereby threatening the just allocation of health care resources. As a life-threatening phenomenon, cancer is not morally special. Philosophers have high hopes for the utility of their theories of justice. However, metastatic cancer and costly precision medicines generate extremely complex problems of health care justice that none of these theories can address adequately. What is needed instead is a political conception of health care justice (following Rawls) and a fair and inclusive process of rational democratic deliberation governed by public reason. A basic assumption is that society has only limited health care resources to meet unlimited health care needs (generated by emerging medical technologies). The primary ethical and political virtue of rational democratic deliberation is that it allows citizens as citizens to fashion autonomously shared understandings of how to address fairly the complex problems of health care justice generated by precision medicine. Still, in a pluralistic world, ideally just outcomes are a moral and political impossibility. Wicked problems can metastasize if rationing decisions are made invisibly, in ways effectively hidden from those affected by those decisions. A fair and inclusive process of democratic deliberation makes wicked problems visible to public reason.
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Schandl, Heinz, and Iain Walker, eds. Social Science and Sustainability. CSIRO Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/9781486306411.
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Sustainability policies shape the ways that society and the economy interact with the environment, natural resources and ecosystems, and address issues such as water, energy and food security, and climate change. These policies are complex and are, at times, obscured by contestation, uncertainty and sometimes ignorance. Ultimately, sustainability problems are social problems and they need to be addressed through social and policy change.
Social Science and Sustainability draws on the wide-ranging experience of CSIRO’s social scientists in the sustainability policy domain. These researchers have extensive experience in addressing complex issues of society–nature relationships, usually in interdisciplinary collaboration with natural scientists. This book describes some of the evidence-based concepts, frameworks and methodologies they have developed, which may guide a transition to sustainability. Contributions range from exploring ways to enhance livelihoods and alleviate poverty, to examining Australians’ responses to climate change, to discussing sociological perspectives on sustainability and how to make policy relevant.
Researchers, policy-makers and decision-makers around the globe will find this book a valuable and thought-provoking contribution to the sustainability literature. It is also suited to academics and students in postgraduate-level courses in social sciences and sustainability, or in courses in applied sociology, applied social psychology and other applied social sciences.
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Public Health Policies on Psychoactive Substance Use: A Manual for Health Planners. Pan American Health Organization, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.37774/9789275123508.
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The use of psychoactive substances has various social and health consequences. These can be addressed from the field of health and social welfare through policies formulated by government agencies in accordance with their specific mandates. An explicit policy on health and psychoactive substance use allows the development of the necessary responses to protect and promote the right to health of the population as it relates to this complex problem. This manual is an instrumental tool based on policy analysis techniques and methods developed with the purpose of facilitating the application of public health principles to define responses to problems associated with psychoactive substance use. To this end, the manual contains examples and exercises that illustrate the various phases of the planning process and can be used in workshops and other training activities. It is intended for those responsible for formulating, implementing, and evaluating policies, plans, and programs aimed at reducing the consequences of psychoactive substance use on collective health, from government health agencies and other relevant sectors to civil society.
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Anitescu, Magdalena, ed. Pain Management. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190271787.001.0001.
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Pain Management: A Problem-Based Learning Approach provides a comprehensive review of the dynamic and ever-changing field of pain medicine. Its format, based on the American Society of Anesthesiologists model of Problem-Based Learning Discussions, incorporates a vast pool of practical, ABA board-exam-style multiple-choice questions for self-assessment. Each its 46 case-based chapters are accompanied by 20 questions and answers, scrambled and grouped in several real-life practice exams. The cases presented are also unique, as each chapter starts with a case description, usually a compilation of several actual cases; it then branches out through case-based questions, to increasingly complex situations. This structure is designed to create an authentic experience that mirrors that of an oral board examination. The discussion sections that follow offer a comprehensive approach to the chapter’s subject matter, thus creating a modern, complete, and up-to-date medical review of that topic. This book is equally a solid reference compendium of pain management topics and a comprehensive review to assist the general practitioner both in day-to-day practice and during preparation for certification exams. Its problem-based format makes it an ideal resource for the lifelong learner and the modern realities of education.
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Gaus, Gerald. The Open Society and Its Complexities. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190648978.001.0001.
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Two decades ago it was widely assumed that liberal democracy and the Open Society had won their century-long struggle against authoritarianism. Although subsequent events have shocked many, F. A. Hayek would not have been surprised that people are in many ways disoriented by the society they have created. For him, the Open Society was a precarious achievement, in many ways at odds with the deepest moral sentiments. He argued that the Open Society runs against humans’ evolved attraction to “tribalism”; that the Open Society is too complex for moral justification; and that its self-organized complexity defies attempts at democratic governance. In this wide-ranging work, Gerald Gaus re-examines Hayek’s analyses. Drawing on work in social and moral science, Gaus argues that Hayek’s program was prescient and sophisticated, always identifying real and pressing problems, though he underestimated the resources of human morality and the Open Society to cope with the challenges he perceived. Gaus marshals formal models and empirical evidence to show that the Open Society is grounded on the moral foundations of human cooperation originating in the distant evolutionary past, but has built upon them a complex and diverse society that requires rethinking both the nature of moral justification and the meaning of democratic self-governance. In these fearful, angry, and inward-looking times, when political philosophy has itself become a hostile exchange between ideological camps, The Open Society and Its Complexities shows how moral and ideological diversity, far from being the enemy of a free and open society, can be its foundation.
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Bihouix, Philippe. The Age of Low Tech. Policy Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1332/policypress/9781529213263.001.0001.
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As we face a profound environmental crisis, we often think that it can be overcome by smart systems and green innovations, but this is risky since increasingly complex technological solutions rely on less abundant materials. A best-seller in France, this English language edition introduces readers to an alternative perspective on our technological future. The book skilfully goes against the grain to argue that 'high' technology will not solve global problems and envisages a different approach to manage our resources and build a more resilient and sustainable society.
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Busby-Whitehead, Jan, Samuel C. Durso, Christine Arenson, Rebecca Elon, Mary H. Palmer, and William Reichel, eds. Reichel's Care of the Elderly. 8th ed. Cambridge University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/9781108942751.
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This eighth edition of Dr Reichel's formative text remains the go-to guide for practicing physicians and allied health staff confronted with the unique problems of an increasing elderly population. Fully updated and revised, it provides a practical guide for all health specialists, emphasizing the clinical management of the elderly patient with simple to complex problems. Featuring four new chapters and the incorporation of geriatric emergency medicine into chapters. The book begins with a general approach to the management of older adults, followed by a review of common geriatric syndromes, and proceeding to an organ-based review of care. The final section addresses principles of care, including care in special situations, psychosocial aspects of our aging society, and organization of care. Particular emphasis is placed on cost-effective, patient-centered care, including a discussion of the Choosing Wisely campaign. A must-read for all practitioners seeking practical and relevant information in a comprehensive format.
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Ejarque, Mercedes. Problemas ambientales y ganadería ovina: una encrucijada en la Patagonia. Teseo, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.55778/ts878697314.
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<p>Este libro aborda la compleja relación sociedad-naturaleza en las zonas áridas a partir del análisis de la construcción social de los problemas ambientales. La investigación se interroga por las dimensiones que se ponen en juego cuando los agentes sociales definen estos problemas y, en función de ellos, desarrollan sus prácticas de producción y trabajo. Asimismo, identifica la participación de las ciencias y las políticas públicas en estos procesos de definición y selección.</p><p>A partir del caso de estudio con los agentes “laneros” de las tierras secas de Chubut (Patagonia Argentina), se observó que los procesos de construcción social de los problemas ambientales se realizan bajo ciertas condiciones materiales, culturales y políticas, donde intervienen diferentes concepciones acerca del espacio, la naturaleza, el tiempoy la capacidad de agencia social.Las tensiones entre producción y conservación en la apropiación y uso de la naturaleza, y entre conocer y poder hacer, se encuentran en el trasfondo del análisis.</p><p>El libro muestra que el abordaje de la cuestión ambiental no puede hacerse bajo enfoques reduccionistas o dicotómicos, que consideran que son solo problemas naturales o sociales. Requiere visiones críticas que permitan evidenciar que los problemas ambientales no nos afectan a todos por igual.</p>
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Titmuss, Richard M. Essays on the Welfare State. Policy Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1332/policypress/9781447349518.001.0001.
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The author of this book was a pioneer in the field of social administration (now social policy) and this reissued classic contains a selection of his most famous writing on social issues. It covers subjects ranging from the position of women in society, changes in family life, and the social effects of industrialisation, to the problems of an ageing population, pensions, social security and taxation policy, and the development of the national health service. This collection contains one of the author's most original contributions to the analysis of welfare policy — his reflections on ‘The social division of welfare’. The book stands the test of time as representative of his thinking, and as an inspiration to those who wrestle with the complex issues of our welfare state.
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Larker, José Miguel. Orden y conflictividad social entre los siglos XIX y XXI. Teseo, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.55778/ts877232721.
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<p>Los trabajos reunidos en esta obra abordan temas y problemas vinculados al orden y al conflicto social en determinados espacios del territorio de la provincia de Santa Fe durante los tiempos que transcurren entre la segunda mitad del siglo XIX y los inicios del XXI. Se trata de estudios que proponen respuestas a diferentes problemas observados en momentos particulares de esa larga temporalidad. Para ello abrevan en los aportes de la historia social, así como en aquellos de la historia de los movimientos sociales y de la historia política renovada, a la vez que comparten un conjunto de ideas que los atraviesan. De la lectura de los artículos se desprende que el orden social emergente es el resultado del complejo proceso de las relaciones de fuerzas, siempre complejas y cambiantes, que se despliegan en la sociedad. De ello se sigue, a la vez, que la sociedad misma se produce y reproduce en el marco de situaciones de cooperación, negociación y conflictos.</p>
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Políticas de salud pública sobre el consumo de sustancias psicoactivas. Manual para la planificación en el ámbito de la salud. Pan American Health Organization, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.37774/9789275323502.
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El consumo de sustancias psicoactivas tiene diversas consecuencias sociales y sanitarias, que pueden ser abordadas desde el ámbito de la salud y el bienestar social mediante políticas formuladas por los organismos de gobierno, de acuerdo con sus mandatos específicos. Una política explícita sobre salud y consumo de sustancias psicoactivas permite desarrollar las respuestas necesarias para proteger y promover el derecho a la salud de la población con relación a este problema complejo. Este manual es una herramienta instrumental basada en técnicas y métodos de análisis de políticas, elaborada con el propósito de facilitar la aplicación de los principios de la salud pública en la definición de respuestas a los problemas asociados al consumo de sustancias psicoactivas. Para ello, contiene ejemplos y ejercicios que ilustran las distintas fases del proceso de planificación y puede utilizarse en talleres y otras actividades de capacitación. Está dirigido a quienes tienen la responsabilidad de formular, implementar y evaluar las políticas, planes y programas encaminados a reducir las consecuencias del consumo de sustancias sobre la salud colectiva, desde los organismos gubernamentales de salud y otros sectores pertinentes hasta la sociedad civil.
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Namatame, Akira, and Takanori Komatsu. Modeling of Desirable Socioeconomic Networks. Edited by Shu-Heng Chen, Mak Kaboudan, and Ye-Rong Du. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199844371.013.15.
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This chapter discusses the issues of designing desirable socioeconomic networks. Such networks permeate our lives. Evidence of this has generated increasing interest in dynamic processes in complex networks, especially the interplay between processes and the influences of network structure on performance and robustness. Performance optimization and robustness are important issues of socioeconomic networks. Diffusion is the process by which new products are invented and successfully introduced into a society (good diffusion) or infectious diseases spread (bad diffusion). Many studies shed light on how network topology interacts with the structure of social networked systems such as financial institutions to determine systemwide crises. In this context, entire classes of optimization problems range from maximizing the diffusion of innovations to minimizing risk distributions and cascade failures. The structure of interconnections influences network performance.
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Verzunova, L. V. REPORTS OF THE TSHA ISSUE 293 (PART I). Publishing house of the Russian state agrarian University UN-TA im. K. A. Timiryazeva, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.26897/978-5-9675-1834-8-2021-824.
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The collection includes articles based on the reports of scientists of the K. A. Timiryazev RGAU-MSHA, other universities and research institutions at the International Scientific Conference dedicated to the 155th anniversary of the K. A. Timiryazev RGAU-MSHA, which was held on December 2-4, 2020. The collection of materials presents: on topical issues of the world economy and foreign economic activity of management in the agro-industrial complex, mathematics and applications, applied information technologies in agricultural economics and education, on the implementation of national projects and the possibility of using marketing tools and tools to ensure the economic security of agribusiness in the conditions of digitalization of the economy, on the state and development of agribusiness; agricultural relations and the agrarian economy of Russia, financial and tax policy of the agro-industrial complex in the digital economy, on the development of accounting and reporting in the information society, on state and municipal management, on philosophy and integrated communications, history and political science, pedagogy and psychology, on the problems of teaching foreign students, studying and teaching foreign and Russian languages, domestic and foreign science in the field of physical culture.
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Stephens, Bradley. The Novel and the (Il)legibility of History. Edited by Paul Hamilton. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199696383.013.5.
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The primacy of history as an educational in France and Germany kindled a taste for literary modes that could accommodate ever-changing social experience by reflecting the spirit of both the time and place in which events unfold, recalling Germaine de Staël’s ideas fromDe la littérature(1799). Crucially, the abyss which Hugo thought the Revolution opened up between present and past raised specific problems for the ambitions of the historical novel in France. How were writers to capture the vast interplay of different ideologies and discourses that had been energized by 1789, and how was meaning to be negotiated amidst the complex matrix of rival desires and reciprocal demands which it had generated in society? This chapter examines three major novelists’ attempts to narrate both the general contemporary desire for human experience to mean something, and the writer’s self-consciousness of the difficulties of finding a style answerable to this ambition.
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Walkup, James T., and Stephen Crystal. Health Services and Policy Issues in AIDS Psychiatry. Edited by Mary Ann Cohen, Jack M. Gorman, Jeffrey M. Jacobson, Paul Volberding, and Scott Letendre. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199392742.003.0050.
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Health services research is a practically focused discipline drawing on the social and behavioral sciences and concerned with the organization, financing, and delivery of services. Investigators studying HIV services examine how well healthcare and other systems meet needs, eliminate disparities, integrate services, eliminate barriers, and provide care to socially marginal and stigmatized individuals, such as injection drug users and people who are incarcerated. These issues have been important from the earliest days of the HIV epidemic and have taken on increased significance as efficacious treatments have been developed and, more recently, changes in the financing of care have reduced the number of uninsured. This chapter this focuses primarily on research in the United States with a review of recent work on financing, service fragmentation, and difficulties integrating different sectors of care, as well as problems related to the functioning of medicine in a complex, stratified society. Also addressed are certain general features of the Affordable Care Act that are relevant to HIV care and psychiatry.
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Plapper, Peter. Digitization of the work environment for sustainable production. GITO mbH Verlag, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.30844/wgab_2022.
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Sustainability is gaining importance and the economy is changing into a circular economy, especially with regard to climate change and the need to create more resilient value chains. The organization of work is meeting these challenges with, among other things, the digitalization of increasingly changeable production. Collecting and understanding data is becoming increasingly complex, as not only internal production data is of interest, but also cross-company sustainability indicators play a role in decision-making. The research results presented under the main topic “Digitization of the work environment for sustainable production” address this problem of compliance with sustainability requirements by means of digitization and its impact on the workplace and workers. The members of the Scientific Society for Work and Business Organisation (WGAB) present innovative concepts and research results for practitioners and scientists and thus provide valuable input for current challenges.
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Finseth, Ian. The “Ghastly Spectacle”. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190848347.003.0002.
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This chapter focuses on how witneᶊes to Civil War death made sense of their traumatic experience. The ethical challenge was one of recognition: to see and know the often-anonymous dead for who and what they were. Yet the dead were invariably integrated into familiar frameworks of meaning and into the conventions of aesthetics and rhetoric. Drawing on insights from phenomenology, pragmatism, Freudian psychology, and affect theory, the chapter shows that the psychological proceᶊes of abstraction and typification underlay a social logic of necrophilic dependency that both thrived on the dead and yet resisted their complex individuality. This problem is then connected to a long-standing cultural and historical melancholia whereby the Civil War dead have been internalized and eternalized as representational artifacts within a society that remains divided and ambivalent over the meaning of the war.