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Journal articles on the topic 'Complex Material Handling Systems'
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Li, Feng, and Duan Feng Han. "Study on the Intra-Ship Material Handling System." Applied Mechanics and Materials 397-400 (September 2013): 2618–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.397-400.2618.
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The efficiency of intra-ship material handling system has a significant impact on naval ship operational effectiveness. Previous ship designs did not consider material handling systems very well. This paper focuses on material handling system as a man-machine-environment system, since material handling issues are global and complex. The methods of analysis and simulation are discussed, which are utilized for the operation process of material handling system. The optimization of operation process, transportation route and arrangement are then summarized. On this basis, the evaluation index system of material handling system is set up using Delphi method.
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Shaw, Gareth, Li Hsien Yoong, Partha S. Roop, and Zoran Salcic. "A new tool-kit for designing complex material handling systems using IEC61499 function blocks." IFAC Proceedings Volumes 42, no. 4 (2009): 1412–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.3182/20090603-3-ru-2001.0448.
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Valencik, Stefan, Tomas Stejskal, Ján Kmec, Luba Bicejova, and Miroslav Gombar. "Manufacturing Systems Building and Developing." Key Engineering Materials 669 (October 2015): 514–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.669.514.
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The paper presents a complex of information aimed at automated production systems structures and simulation. For production systems intergrated structures formation it uses logistic principles for making the internal material flow among various logistic nodes more precise and effective, including respective information flow, here e. g. with use of integrable and compatibile handling and technological systems, as well.
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Rahman, Humyun Fuad, Mukund Nilakantan Janardhanan, and Peter Nielsen. "An integrated approach for line balancing and AGV scheduling towards smart assembly systems." Assembly Automation 40, no. 2 (January 22, 2020): 219–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/aa-03-2019-0057.
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Purpose Optimizing material handling within the factory is one of the key problems of modern assembly line systems. The purpose of this paper is to focus on simultaneously balancing a robotic assembly line and the scheduling of material handling required for the operation of such a system, a topic that has received limited attention in academia. Manufacturing industries focus on full autonomy because of the rapid advancements in different elements of Industry 4.0 such as the internet of things, big data and cloud computing. In smart assembly systems, this autonomy aims at the integration of automated material handling equipment such as automated guided vehicles (AGVs) to robotic assembly line systems to ensure a reliable and flexible production system. Design/methodology/approach This paper tackles the problem of designing a balanced robotic assembly line and the scheduling of AGVs to feed materials to these lines such that the cycle time and total tardiness of the assembly system are minimized. Because of the combination of two well-known complex problems such as line balancing and material handling and a heuristic- and metaheuristic-based integrated decision approach is proposed. Findings A detailed computational study demonstrates how an integrated decision approach can serve as an efficient managerial tool in designing/redesigning assembly line systems and support automated transportation infrastructure. Originality/value This study is beneficial for production managers in understanding the main decisional steps involved in the designing/redesigning of smart assembly systems and providing guidelines in decision-making. Moreover, this study explores the material distribution scheduling problems in assembly systems, which is not yet comprehensively explored in the literature.
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Irani, S. A., P. H. Cohen, and T. M. Cavalier. "Design of Cellular Manufacturing Systems." Journal of Engineering for Industry 114, no. 3 (August 1, 1992): 352–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2899803.
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This paper describes a method for layout design of a Cellular Manufacturing System (CMS) that would allow simultaneously, the grouping of machines unique to a part family into cells and those shared by several cells to be located together in functional sections. Using an illustrative example, this integration of the flexibility of a functional layout, the reduced handling gained from cell formation and allowance of limited intercell flows among adjacent cells is described. Thereby, the traditional strategy of simultaneous formation of part families and distribution of machines into independent cells which creates machine distribution and unbalanced utilization problems is avoided. This is justified by an analysis of the complex interactions between the critical subproblems in cell formation—machine grouping, part family formation, distribution and utilization of shared machines, intracell layout, intercell (or shop) layout and material handling. This approach represents a new direction in cell formation where, by allowing the handling function to limit the extent of machine duplication between adjacent cells, a new graph theoretic structure for simultaneous machine grouping and layout design was developed and validated.
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Noble, J. S., C. M. Klein, and A. Midha. "An Integrated Model of the Material Handling System and Unit Load Design Problem." Journal of Manufacturing Science and Engineering 120, no. 4 (November 1, 1998): 802–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2830223.
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Material flow system design problems (i.e. facility layout, material handling equipment selection and specification, flow path design, unit load sizing, cell design, warehousing, routing, etc.) have been predominately modelled independently in the past. Independent consideration of each design problem has reduced the solution complexity, but in the process has caused a loss in problem reality. This paper reviews recent developments in integrated approaches to material flow design and presents a model which integrates material handling equipment selection and specification (including material handling interface equipment) and path/load dependent unit load size. The formulation is solved using the meta-heuristic procedure of tabu search to find good solutions to the more realistic (and more complex) model formulation.
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Kembro, Joakim, and Andreas Norrman. "Exploring trends, implications and challenges for logistics information systems in omni-channels." International Journal of Retail & Distribution Management 47, no. 4 (April 8, 2019): 384–411. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijrdm-07-2017-0141.
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PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explore the current trends, implications and challenges of information systems (IS) related to omni-channel logistics.Design/methodology/approachAn exploratory survey study is conducted with 23 Swedish retail companies transforming to omni-channel logistics. The study investigates the retailers’ current situations regarding logistics IS as well as their perceptions of the future development.FindingsFrom the perspective of leading Swedish retailers, omni-channel requirements drive the implementation of new IS to support effective and efficient material handling across the network and in the respective nodes. The shifting roles and increase in the number of handlings nodes will require flexible IS platforms that can support multiple flows and integrated inventory. The major increase in the implementation of new, critical functionalities is related to real-time, multi-criteria decision making on order allocation to different handling nodes. More advanced IS functionality is also required in material-handling nodes to support the increased degree of automation and continuous improvements with the aim to shorten order-to-delivery lead times. A number of challenges are identified that must be addressed during the transformation to omni-channel logistics, especially related to the growing complexity and decentralization of networks, tougher lead-time requirements and larger product assortments.Research limitations/implicationsTo support further theory development, 11 propositions related to trends and a schematic framework conceptualizing implications and challenges are submitted for testing in future research.Practical implicationsThe study highlights several aspects related to logistics IS that are important for practitioners to consider as they undergo the transition to omni-channels. It provides insights into IS functionalities that are likely to grow in use and criticality for supporting material handling and inventory management in increasingly complex and decentralized networks. In particular, the authors stress the need to implement functionality that works across previously separated handling nodes and decision areas. Managers can also use the propositions to reflect on what the near future holds and as input for their own scenario analyses.Originality/valuePrevious research has primarily focused on technology that supports the front-end customer experience. This study is original in that it explores the trends, implications and challenges for logistics IS in omni-channels – an area that has not been explored in detail previously. It also studies both perceived and expected changes over time related to the transformation toward omni-channel logistics.
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Bader, Alexander, Finn Meiners, and Kirsten Tracht. "Accelerating High-Throughput Screening for Structural Materials with Production Management Methods." Materials 11, no. 8 (August 1, 2018): 1330. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma11081330.
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High-throughput screenings are widely accepted for pharmaceutical developments for new substances and the development of new drugs with required characteristics by evolutionary studies. Current research projects transfer this principle of high-throughput testing to the development of metallic materials. In addition to new generating and testing methods, these types of high-throughput systems need a logistical control and handling method to reduce throughput time to get test results faster. Instead of the direct material flow found in classical high-throughput screenings, these systems have a very complex structure of material flow. The result is a highly dynamic system that includes short-term changes such as rerun stations, partial tests, and temporarily paced sequences between working systems. This paper presents a framework that divides the actions for system acceleration into three main sections. First, methods for special applications in high-throughput systems are designed or adapted to speed up the generation, treatment, and testing processes. Second, methods are needed to process trial plans and to control test orders, which can efficiently reduce waiting times. The third part of the framework describes procedures for handling samples. This reduces non-productive times and reduces order processing in individual lots.
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Wong, M. M., C. H. Tan, J. B. Zhang, L. Q. Zhuang, Y. Z. Zhao, and M. Luo. "On-line reconfiguration to enhance the routing flexibility of complex automated material handling operations." Robotics and Computer-Integrated Manufacturing 23, no. 3 (June 2007): 294–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rcim.2006.02.002.
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Marasova, Daniela, Janka Saderova, and Lubomir Ambrisko. "Simulation of the Use of the Material Handling Equipment in the Operation Process." Open Engineering 10, no. 1 (March 10, 2020): 216–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/eng-2020-0015.
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AbstractThe article presents the simulation model and simulation experiments aimed at the rationalisation of bottle necks in operations in terms of the capacity utilisation of the material handling equipment, in particular, six conveyance lines. The models and experiments were designed in the Tecnomatix simulation environment which facilitates the modelling of even more complex systems. The simulation model visualises the material flow within the production process comprising individual technological operations and workplaces. The model was used to perform simulation experiments with adjusted production times and added or removed workplaces. The presented article also contains the graphs of the utilised capacity of the machinery and operators. The obtained experimental results suggesting the partial or complete elimination of the accumulation of unfinished products.
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Yao, Fengjia, Bugra Alkan, Bilal Ahmad, and Robert Harrison. "Improving Just-in-Time Delivery Performance of IoT-Enabled Flexible Manufacturing Systems with AGV Based Material Transportation." Sensors 20, no. 21 (November 6, 2020): 6333. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20216333.
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Autonomous guided vehicles (AGVs) are driverless material handling systems used for transportation of pallets and line side supply of materials to provide flexibility and agility in shop-floor logistics. Scheduling of shop-floor logistics in such systems is a challenging task due to their complex nature associated with the multiple part types and alternate material transfer routings. This paper presents a decision support system capable of supporting shop-floor decision-making activities during the event of manufacturing disruptions by automatically adjusting both AGV and machine schedules in Flexible Manufacturing Systems (FMSs). The proposed system uses discrete event simulation (DES) models enhanced by the Internet-of-Things (IoT) enabled digital integration and employs a nonlinear mixed integer programming Genetic Algorithm (GA) to find near-optimal production schedules prioritising the just-in-time (JIT) material delivery performance and energy efficiency of the material transportation. The performance of the proposed system is tested on the Integrated Manufacturing and Logistics (IML) demonstrator at WMG, University of Warwick. The results showed that the developed system can find the near-optimal solutions for production schedules subjected to production anomalies in a negligible time, thereby supporting shop-floor decision-making activities effectively and rapidly.
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Bányai, T. "Impact of digital twin technology on the real-time optimisation of material handling processes." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1235, no. 1 (March 1, 2022): 012077. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1235/1/012077.
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Abstract The application of Internet of Things (IoT) technologies makes it possible to improve the performance of technological and logistic processes. These processes can include a wide range of IoT technologies and solutions, like cloud, fog or edge computing, intelligent tools and gentelligent products, mobile robots, 3D printing, virtual reality or last but not at least digital twin solutions. Within the frame of this article the author describes the potential of digital twin technology to improve the performance of real-time optimisation in complex logistics systems. After a short literature review, this paper introduces the conception of digital twin solutions. The model of digital twin supported real-time optimisation of an in-plant logistics system is described including the structure, the mathematical model, the solution algorithm, and the computational results. The scenario analysis of the described system validates the model and the efficiency of digital twin solutions.
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Leung, Chris S. K., and Henry Y. K. Lau. "Multiobjective Simulation-Based Optimization Based on Artificial Immune Systems for a Distribution Center." Journal of Optimization 2018 (2018): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/5852469.
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Competitive market factors, such as more stringent government regulations, larger number of competitors, and shorter product life cycle, in recent years have created more significant pressure on the management in all supply chain parties. To this end, the ability of analyzing and evaluating systems and related operations involving the deployment of complex multiobjective material handling systems is vital for distribution practitioners. In this respect, simulation modeling techniques together with optimization have emerged as a very useful tool to facilitate the effective analysis of these complex operations and systems. In this paper, we apply a multiobjective simulation-based optimization framework consisting of a hybrid immune-inspired algorithm named Suppression-controlled Multiobjective Immune Algorithm (SCMIA) and a simulation model for solving a real-life multiobjective optimization problem. The results show that the framework is able to solve large scale problems with a large number of parameters, operators, and equipment involved.
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King, S., P. Flint, and S. Sundaram. "Handling sparse data problems in the context of monitoring multiple parameters in complex systems." Insight - Non-Destructive Testing and Condition Monitoring 52, no. 8 (August 2010): 424–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1784/insi.2010.52.8.424.
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Joe, Yen Yen, Oon Peen Gan, and Frank L. Lewis. "Multi-commodity flow dynamic resource assignment and matrix-based job dispatching for multi-relay transfer in complex material handling systems (MHS)." Journal of Intelligent Manufacturing 25, no. 4 (December 18, 2012): 681–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10845-012-0713-y.
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Amirouche, F. M. L., Tongyi Jia, and Sitki K. Ider. "A Recursive Householder Transformation for Complex Dynamical Systems With Constraints." Journal of Applied Mechanics 55, no. 3 (September 1, 1988): 729–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3125857.
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A new method is presented by which equations of motion of complex dynamical systems are reduced when subjected to some constraints. The method developed is used when the governing equations are derived using Kane’s equations with undetermined multipliers. The solution vectors of the constraint equations are determined utilizing the recursive Householder transformation to obtain a Pseudo-Uptriangular matrix. The most general solution in terms of new independent coordinates is then formulated. Methods previously used for handling such systems are discussed and the new method advantages are illustrated. The procedures developed are suitable for computer automation and especially in developing generic programs to study a large class of systems dynamics such as robotics, biosystems, and complex mechanisms.
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Tokatli, Ozan, Pragna Das, Radhika Nath, Luigi Pangione, Alessandro Altobelli, Guy Burroughes, Emil T. Jonasson, Matthew F. Turner, and Robert Skilton. "Robot-Assisted Glovebox Teleoperation for Nuclear Industry." Robotics 10, no. 3 (July 3, 2021): 85. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/robotics10030085.
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The nuclear industry has some of the most extreme environments in the world, with radiation levels and extremely harsh conditions restraining human access to many facilities. One method for enabling minimal human exposure to hazards under these conditions is through the use of gloveboxes that are sealed volumes with controlled access for performing handling. While gloveboxes allow operators to perform complex handling tasks, they put operators at considerable risk from breaking the confinement and, historically, serious examples including punctured gloves leading to lifetime doses have occurred. To date, robotic systems have had relatively little impact on the industry, even though it is clear that they offer major opportunities for improving productivity and significantly reducing risks to human health. This work presents the challenges of robotic and AI solutions for nuclear gloveboxes, and introduces a step forward for bringing cutting-edge technology to gloveboxes. The problem statement and challenges are highlighted and then an integrated demonstrator is proposed for robotic handling in nuclear gloveboxes for nuclear material handling. The proposed approach spans from tele-manipulation to shared autonomy, computer vision solutions for robotic manipulation to machine learning solutions for condition monitoring.
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Tskhovrebov, Eduard S. "Formation of regional management strategies of secondary resource handling." Vestnik MGSU, no. 4 (April 2019): 450–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.22227/1997-0935.2019.4.450-463.
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Introduction. The article considers the problems of using regional-developed territorial methods of waste handling including solid municipal waste for forming regional management systems of waste handling. Issues of expedience of forming secondary resource handling management strategies (with plans of measures on their implementation and target parameters) at regional level are studied. The strategies can become fundamental goals for creation and development of waste treatment infrastructure, efficient mechanism of resource economy management and secondary resource handling in the system of Russian industrial, construction and municipal complex. Solving problems of resource saving and involving secondary resources in economic turnover is of great importance at the modern stage of development of Russia. The aim of the study is to develop a conceptual base for forming regional strategies of the secondary resource handling. Materials and methods. The following materials are used for scientific research: legal certificates, specifications and technical documentation on the waste handling, published materials by domestic and foreign scientific researchers on the given subjects. Methods of scientific research are based on application of comparative and expert kinds of the analysis. Results. The article suggests a methodical approach to creation of a concept of typical project of regional strategy of resource saving and secondary resource turnover, to definition of target regional activity indicators in the given area. Conclusions. Scientific novelty of the research is in integrated system approach to solving the resource saving problems and secondary resource handling at the regional level. Introduction of results of this work will allow providing a scientific and methodical substantiation of creation and development of effective regional management systems in the field of secondary resource handling.
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Ueno, Hidetaka, Kiichi Sato, Kou Yamada, and Takaaki Suzuki. "Micropatterning Method for Porous Materials Using the Difference of the Glass Transition Temperature between Exposed and Unexposed Areas of a Thick-Photoresist." Micromachines 11, no. 1 (December 31, 2019): 54. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi11010054.
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A cell culture on a scaffold has the advantages of functionality and easy handling, because the geometry of the cellular tissue is controlled by designing the scaffold. To create complex cellular tissue, scaffolds should be complex two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) structures. However, it is difficult to fabricate a scaffold with a 2D and 3D structure because the shape, size, and fabrication processes of a 2D structure in creating a cell layer, and a 3D structure containing cells, are different. In this research, we propose a micropatterning method for porous materials using the difference of the glass transition temperature between exposed and unexposed areas of a thick-photoresist. Since the proposed method does not require a vacuum, high temperature, or high voltage, it can be used for fabricating various structures with a wide range of scales, regardless of the materials used. Additionally, the patterning area can be fabricated accurately by photolithography. To evaluate the proposed method, a membrane integrated scaffold (MIS) with a 2D porous membrane and 3D porous material was fabricated. The MIS had a porous membrane with a pore size of 4 μm or less, which was impermeable to cells, and a porous material which was capable of containing cells. By seeding HUVECs and HeLa cells on each side of the MIS, the cellular tissue was formed with the designed geometry.
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Ferchow, Julian, Dominik Kälin, Gokula Englberger, Marcel Schlüssel, Christoph Klahn, and Mirko Meboldt. "Design and validation of integrated clamping interfaces for post-processing and robotic handling in additive manufacturing." International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology 118, no. 11-12 (October 18, 2021): 3761–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00170-021-08065-4.
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AbstractAdditive manufacturing (AM), particularly laser-based powder bed fusion of metals (LPBF), enables the fabrication of complex and customized metallic parts. However, 20–40% of the total manufacturing costs are usually attributed to post-processing steps. To reduce the costs of extensive post-processing, the process chain for AM parts has to be automated. Accordingly, robotic gripping and handling processes, as well as an efficient clamping for subtractive machining of AM parts, are key challenges. This study introduces and validates integrated bolts acting as a handling and clamping interface of AM parts. The bolts are integrated into the part design and manufactured in the same LPBF process. The bolts can be easily removed after the machining process using a wrench. This feasibility study investigates different bolt elements. The experiments and simulations conducted in the study show that a force of 250 N resulted in a maximum displacement of 12.5 µm. The milling results of the LPBF parts reveal a maximum roughness value, Ra, of 1.42 µm, which is comparable to that of a standard clamping system. After the bolt removal, a maximum residual height of 0.067 mm remains. Two case studies are conducted to analyze the form deviation, the effect of bolts on build time, and material volume and to demonstrate the application of the bolts. Thus, the major contribution of this study is the design and the validation of standardized interfaces for robotic handling and clamping of complex AM parts. The novelties are a simple and clean interface removal, less material consumption, less support structure required, and finally an achievement of a five-side tool accessibility by combining the interfaces with a three-jaw chuck.
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DAHAL, KESHAV, STUART GALLOWAY, GRAEME BURT, JIM MCDONALD, and IAN HOPKINS. "A PORT SYSTEM SIMULATION FACILITY WITH AN OPTIMIZATION CAPABILITY." International Journal of Computational Intelligence and Applications 03, no. 04 (December 2003): 395–410. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1469026803001099.
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This paper details the optimization of bulk material port handling systems through the use of an evolutionary based approach. The effective management of port systems requires effective solutions for the design, operation and maintenance of these facilities. This has to be achieved through a reduction in financial costs, and an increase in the utilization of equipment and other resources. The operation of a port system is complex and difficult to model mathematically. Consequently, through the explicit characterization of port components, a port modeling tool was developed that permits the generic construction of port simulation models. A genetic algorithm based approach was developed to provide an optimization capability to the port simulation tool. Two case studies based on real world port systems are presented and the results are discussed. A significant improvement is demonstrated in both the operational and economic performance as a result of the GA/model interaction.
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Macovei, Olivia. "The Ethics of Synthetic Biology - at the Confluence of Ecoethics and Technoethics." Postmodern Openings 13, no. 3 (August 8, 2022): 234–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.18662/po/13.3/487.
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In the case of synthetic biology, the responsibility of humanity for the creation of new technologies that interfere with the processes of natural selection and evolution of species can be invoked, thus annihilating the complex ecological balances and possibly leading to uncontrollable genetic mutations. The big ethical questions are raised by the fact that viral genetic material is hybridized with synthetic genetic material, as well as with the genetic material that underlies the DNA of various living cells, that might interfere with synthetic genetic material - either due to errors in the handling of genetic content or the inability to predict the evolution of synthetic biological systems, an evolution beyond any mathematical modeling that would allow the estimation of biological risks given by the appearance of new species - partially or totally synthetic - and especially by their spread in ecosystems. In this article we will plead for an ethical modeling of technology and a wider communication between ethicist and bio-engineers in order to estimate the directions of technological evolution, especially in the case of synthetic biology.
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GARAFONOVA, Olga, Dmytro KOZLOVSKYI, Volodymyr SHAROV, and Iryna DVORNYK. "CONCEPTUAL ASPECTS OF THE FUNCTIONING OF INTERNATIONAL LOGISTICS SYSTEMS." Herald of Khmelnytskyi National University. Economic sciences 308, no. 4 (July 28, 2022): 13–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.31891/2307-5740-2022-308-4-2.
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In modern conditions, transport and logistics systems perform an integrating function, allow countries to realize their transit potential, and provide innovative development of regional and national economies. World practice shows that the leadership in competition in the international economy is given to countries whose complex sources of development are the effective use of logistics methods. Transport and logistics systems allow you to reduce all types of costs related to the management of material and related flows, costs of transportation, warehousing, order management, procurement, packaging and other logistics costs. The reduction of transport and logistics costs, in turn, frees up financial resources, directing them to investments in innovative developments, the purchase of fixed assets, training and retraining of personnel, marketing activities and other ways of strengthening the competitiveness of enterprises. Today, logistics is a system of organizing the delivery of goods from the producer to the consumer, and its main purpose is the coordination of various stages of transportation. The development of the transport network, which led to the strengthening of trade relations between states, as well as the progressive processes of globalization, brings such a direction as international logistics to the fore. International logistics promotes the development of foreign economic activity of enterprises, optimizes purchasing, transport, warehouse and other processes. Transportation plays a crucial role in handling logistics. A review of the current state indicates that a powerful system requires a clear logistics system and proper tools and methods to communicate production procedures.
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Karagiannis, Panagiotis, George Michalos, Dionisis Andronas, Aleksandros-Stereos Matthaiakis, Christos Giannoulis, and Sotiris Makris. "Cognitive Mechatronic Devices for Reconfigurable Production of Complex Parts." Applied Sciences 11, no. 11 (May 29, 2021): 5034. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11115034.
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This paper discusses a robotic cell that handles geometrically complex products, exploiting cognitive control and actuation systems for the manipulation, assembly and packaging. The individual mechatronic components, namely a 6-DoF gripper and a flexible assembly mechanism, have been designed via functional decomposition of the actual assembly and handling tasks. The flexibility of these mechanisms is exploited through control modules, performing different cognition functions at cell, resource and device level. The design approach can be generalized for tasks requiring dexterity and adaptation to products. A case study from the consumer goods sector, showcases the system’s reconfigurability and efficiency.
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Syrový, O., and V. Podpěra. "Simulation mathematical model of expert system for working processes management." Research in Agricultural Engineering 55, No. 1 (February 11, 2009): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/12/2008-rae.
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The elementary simulation mathematical models presented in this article are related with the sub-system Crop production of the expert system for the decision support in technological and working processes management and their optimisation. Along with this sub-system, the expert system also involves the sub-systems Livestock production and Material handling which is further divided into the parts Transport and Storage. The boundary between the individual parts of the expert system is usually a short-term or long-term material storage. The relative individual sub-systems are mutually connected through the information flow. For each of the sub-systems, specific simulation models are created. The simulation models in the expert system investigated replace the complex of general standards and norms used in other expert systems. The simulation models allow to take into consideration the concrete natural and production conditions (area, plots shape and inclination, soil type, transport routes length and surface, fertilisers doses, crops yields etc.) and also the technological systems utilised during the realisation of operations in working processes (technical, exploitation, energy, economical or energy means, attached vehicles, machines and equipment and method of their work) and the calculation of the parameters utilised. The simulation models also allow the creation of suitable working, and transport sets to choose their optimal variants for the given conditions. In comparison with the utilised standards and norms, the parameters computed through the simulation models significantly improve the data which represent the output from the expert system.
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Muniandy, Murelitharan, and Kanesan Muthusamy. "An Innovative Drive Train Design for Improved Dead Reckoning Accuracy in Automated Guided Vehicles." Advanced Materials Research 383-390 (November 2011): 5375–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.383-390.5375.
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The automated guided vehicle (AGV) is a key component for the successful implementation of flexible manufacturing systems (FMS). AGVs are wheeled mobile robots (WMR) employed for material handling in the constantly evolving layouts of these modern factory shop floors. As such their ability to navigate autonomously is an equally important aspect to sustain an efficient manufacturing process. However, their mobility efficiency is inherently affected by the unproductive systematic and non-systematic odometry errors. Odometry errors mainly occur due to the mobility configuration of the AGV drive train and the surface characteristics the robot is interacting with. Odometry error accumulates over the distance traveled and leads to severe dead reckoning inaccuracy if the robot’s feedback control mechanism is unable to correct the error fast. This paper proposes an innovative drive train mechanism called dual planetary drive (DPD) that will minimize odometry errors without the need for complex electronic feedback control systems
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You, Wei, Min Xiu Kong, Li Ning Sun, and Chan Chan Guo. "Control System Design for High Payload Industrial Robot via High Speed Communication Bus and Real-Time System." Key Engineering Materials 464 (January 2011): 272–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.464.272.
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In this paper, aiming at solving the problems of dynamic coupling effects and flexibility of joints and links, a kind of control system specialized for high payload industrial robots is proposed . After the comparisons between the control systems in all kinds of robots and numerical machines, industrial PC with TwinCAT real-time system is chosen as the motion control unit, EtherCAT is used for command transmitting. The whole control system has a decoupled and centralized control structure. The proposed control system is applied in control of a kind of high payload material handling robots with complex compound control algorithms. The final results shows that the control commands can be easily calculated and transmitted in one sample unit. The proposed control scheme is meaningful to real engineering application.
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Michalke, Jessica, Kirill Faust, Thomas Bögl, Stephan Bartling, Nils Rockstroh, and Christoph Topf. "Mild and Efficient Heterogeneous Hydrogenation of Nitroarenes Facilitated by a Pyrolytically Activated Dinuclear Ni(II)-Ce(III) Diimine Complex." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 15 (August 5, 2022): 8742. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23158742.
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We communicate the assembly of a solid, Ce-promoted Ni-based composite that was applied as catalyst for the hydrogenation of nitroarenes to afford the corresponding organic amines. The catalytically active material described herein was obtained through pyrolysis of a SiO2-pellet-supported bimetallic Ni-Ce complex that was readily synthesized prior to use from a MeO-functionalized salen congener, Ni(OAc)2·4 H2O, and Ce(NO3)3·6 H2O. Rewardingly, the requisite ligand for the pertinent solution phase precursor was accessible upon straightforward and time-saving imine condensation of ortho-vanillin with 1,3-diamino-2,2′-dimethylpropane. The introduced catalytic protocol is operationally simple in that the whole reaction set-up is quickly put together on the bench without the need of cumbersome handling in a glovebox or related containment systems. Moreover, the advantageous geometry and compact-sized nature of the used pellets renders the catalyst separation and recycling exceptionally easy.
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Kewalramani, Manish A., and Rajiv Gupta. "Group Method of Data Handling Algorithms to Predict Compressive Strength of Concrete Based on Absorbed Extraterrestrial Solar Radiations." Key Engineering Materials 689 (April 2016): 108–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.689.108.
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The present study applies group method of data handling (GMDH) to predict compressive strength of normal strength concrete based on experimentally determined weight, ultrasonic pulse velocity and extraterrestrial solar radiations absorbed by concrete specimen. GMDH are widely used as mathematical modelling and non-linear regression algorithms, and are assumed as specific type of supervised artificial neural networks. Concrete being a multi-phase porous and non-linear material justifies usage of such algorithm as GMDH employs the idea of natural selection to control size, complexity and accuracy of networks being used for various applications like function approximation, non-linear regression and pattern recognition. The effectiveness of algorithm is validated when 60%, 70%, 80% and 100% of normalized and non-normalized data is used for training. GMDH being an intelligent algorithm with ability of learning and adaptation can be conveniently used as an appropriate prediction tool for non-linear complex systems like concrete.
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Engelseth, Per, and Daniela Gundersen. "Lean and complex systems: a case study of materials handling at an on-land warehouse facility supporting subsea gas operations." International Journal of Design & Nature and Ecodynamics 13, no. 2 (June 30, 2018): 199–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/dne-v13-n2-199-207.
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Perry, Carole C., Siddharth V. Patwardhan, and Olivier Deschaume. "From biominerals to biomaterials: the role of biomolecule–mineral interactions." Biochemical Society Transactions 37, no. 4 (July 22, 2009): 687–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bst0370687.
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Interactions between inorganic materials and biomolecules at the molecular level, although complex, are commonplace. Examples include biominerals, which are, in most cases, facilitated by and in contact with biomolecules; implantable biomaterials; and food and drug handling. The effectiveness of these functional materials is dependent on the interfacial properties, i.e. the extent of molecular level ‘association’ with biomolecules. The present article gives information on biomolecule–inorganic material interactions and illustrates our current understanding using selected examples. The examples include (i) mechanism of biointegration: the role of surface chemistry and protein adsorption, (ii) towards improved aluminium-containing materials, and (iii) understanding the bioinorganic interface: experiment and modelling. A wide range of experimental techniques (microscopic, spectroscopic, particle sizing, thermal methods and solution methods) are used by the research group to study interactions between (bio)molecules and molecular and colloidal species that are coupled with computational simulation studies to gain as much information as possible on the molecular-scale interactions. Our goal is to uncover the mechanisms underpinning any interactions and to identify ‘rules’ or ‘guiding principles’ that could be used to explain and hence predict behaviour for a wide range of (bio)molecule–mineral systems.
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Pasaribu, Andy, and Teguh Kurniawan. "Collaboration in Handling COVID-19 Turbulence from a Threefold Perspective: A Literature Review." KEMUDI : Jurnal Ilmu Pemerintahan 7, no. 1 (September 30, 2022): 23–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.31629/kemudi.v7i1.4617.
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The crisis due to COVID-19 can be called turbulence and its handling requires cross-border collaboration because complex problems tend to be overcome through multi-actor collaboration in networks and relationships to obtain common solutions. Collaborative governance is present as an instrument for implementing policies for handling COVID-19 to address the government's limitations in material, technical, and resource matters. Using a qualitative approach, this study aims to identify the implementation of collaborative governance in handling COVID-19 by countries in the world in a threefold perspective. This perspective is a new approach in collaborative governance that has the same basis as the Collaborative Governance Regime theory, but tends to narrow the thinking to three layers that support each other in the form of folds: values (individuals and policies), decision structures (action situations and sub-systems). policy), and context (external variables, stable parameters, and external events). Public values grow from the social context and are articulated in collaborative governance platforms and are important for the government to work on to improve community compliance with government programs. The turbulent COVID-19 situation creates space and decision-making. Each country has different choices, backgrounds, and policies but still bases the process of making and implementing policies on collaborative governance according to their respective preferences. In the folds of policy style and administrative culture, each country has its own dynamics. Countries with sufficient experience in handling outbreaks are able to make administrative adjustments more quickly, which helps speed up the response to the pandemic
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Pal, Pralay. "Remaining Stock Computation for 3D-Machining in Parametric Regime." Journal of Manufacturing Science and Engineering 127, no. 4 (June 23, 2004): 801–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2034510.
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In manufacturing, it is often required to estimate uncut material shape between cutting stages in milling cycles. This may be useful to avoid undesired results like tool breakage, nonoptimized cutting time, and inferior surface finish besides other factors like improper feed-rate, large over-thickness, and inability of handling complex geometries. Current work discusses some strategy of ReSt (remaining stock) machining concept in CNC practices where machined and unmachined geometries are progressively computed and stored through different stages like roughing, semi-finishing, and finishing operations. The modeling of ReSt geometry in these stages is discussed with various possibilities in the parametric regime. The proposed algorithms are discussed with simulation results.
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Pokhitonov, Yu A., V. A. Starchenko, I. Yu Dalyaev, and S. L. Titov. "Using hot isostatic pressing for radioactive waste isolation purposes." Radioactive Waste 16, no. 3 (2021): 20–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.25283/2587-9707-2021-3-20-29.
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The paper summarizes the findings of a study focused on hot isostatic pressing (HIP) technique implemented by the Khlopin Radium institute. The equipment was designed and manufactured at the Kharkov’s Physics and Technology Institute. The installation provided a pressure of up to 400 NPa with the pressing temperature of up to 1250°C. The experiments were carried out on installations located in hot cells in the radiochemical department (Gatchina city). Samples of materials for HLW immobilization (titanate ceramics of the synroc type, stabilized cubic zirconia) and matrices for 129I immobilization based on copper iodide and metallic copper were obtained. The leaching rate from these samples of HLW elements (simulators) amounted to (0.5—1.5)·10–9 g/(cm2 ·day). Despite the high-performance characteristics of the materials obtained, some problems were revealed associated with the remote maintenance of equipment and the lack of industrial design analogues. Considering the experience gained, we believe that fairly simple equipment can be designed implying no complex systems and providing minimum preparatory operations. Joint efforts of technologists and designers will enable the automatization of equipment management and control through local control systems. Material loading and unloading operations can be robotized as well. Such technical solutions are expected to be in demand at industrial facilities for HLW final disposal (or when handling damaged fuel during the decommissioning of radiation and nuclear hazardous facilities).
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Ram, Mangey, and Nupur Goyal. "Stochastic Design Exploration with Rework of Flexible Manufacturing System Under Copula-Coverage Approach." International Journal of Reliability, Quality and Safety Engineering 25, no. 02 (March 6, 2018): 1850007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218539318500079.
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Manufacturing systems are increasingly becoming automated and complex in nature. Highly reliable and flexible manufacturing systems (FMSs) are the necessity of manufacturing industries to fulfill the increasing customized demands. Worldwide, FMSs are used in industries to attain high productivity in production environments with rapidly and continuously changing manufactured goods structures and demands. Reliability prediction plays a very significant role in system design in the manufacturing industry, and two crucial issues in the prediction of system reliability are failures of equipment and system configuration. This novel work presents a stochastic model to analyze the performance of an FMS through its reliability characteristics, in the concern of its equipment. To improve the reliability of FMS, determine the sensitivity of the reliability measures of FMS. FMS consists of many components such as machine tools like CNC, automatic handling and material storage, controller and robot for serving load. The designed system is studied by using the Markov process, supplementary variable technique, Laplace transformation, coverage factor and Gumbel–Hougaard family copula to obtain various reliability measures. For some realistic approach, particular cases and graphical illustrations are also obtained.
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Kafunah, Jefkine, Muhammad Intizar Ali, and John G. Breslin. "Handling Imbalanced Datasets for Robust Deep Neural Network-Based Fault Detection in Manufacturing Systems." Applied Sciences 11, no. 21 (October 20, 2021): 9783. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11219783.
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Over the recent years, Industry 4.0 (I4.0) technologies such as the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT), Artificial Intelligence (AI), and the presence of Industrial Big Data (IBD) have helped achieve intelligent Fault Detection (FD) in manufacturing. Notably, data-driven approaches in FD apply Deep Learning (DL) techniques to help generate insights required for monitoring complex manufacturing processes. However, due to the ratio of instances where actual faults occur, FD datasets tend to be imbalanced, leading to training challenges that result in inefficient DL-based FD models. In this paper, we propose Dual Logits Weights Perturbation (DLWP) loss, a method featuring weight vectors for improved dataset generalization in FD systems. The weight vectors act as hyperparameters adjusted on a case-by-case basis to regulate focus accorded to individual minority classes during training. In particular, our proposed method is suitable for imbalanced datasets from safety-related FD tasks as it generates DL models that minimize false negatives. Subsequently, we integrate human experts into the workflow as a strategy to help safeguard the system. A subset of the results, model predictions with uncertainties exceeding a preset threshold, are considered a preliminary output subject to cross-checking by human experts. We demonstrate that DLWP achieves improved Recall, AUC, F1 scores.
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Boye, A. Frederick, D. Nuka Nwaibu, E. Okoni Bennett, and ,A Victor Kalagbor. "Steam Package Boiler Expert System for Control and Maintenance of Fertilizer Plants using Rule-Base Fuzzy Logic." European Journal of Computer Science and Information Technology 10, no. 3 (March 15, 2022): 1–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.37745/ejcsit.2013/vol0n3pp132.
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Generally, expert systems have been found very useful branch of artificial intelligence that makes extensive use of specialized knowledge to solve complex problems and even in fertilizer plants it has been deployed in handling operations in critical sections, such as material handling systems, online leak detection systems, granulation, air compressor among others. This paper presents research work for steam package boiler expert system for control and maintenance of fertilizer plants using rule-base fuzzy logic hybrid system, which has not been benefited much from expert system. The system handles cause of boiler failures in terms of controlling and maintaining the functional chemical components of the boiler drum and feed water parameters. validation on the system consistency, correctness, and its precision with six (6) steam package boiler parameters test value cases was conducted involving fourteen (14) fertilizer plant boiler domain partitioners. The boiler drum and feed water qualities with less or higher test value worst-cases validates the boiler system, showing each of the parameter’s bar turns red, as displayed on the boiler’s panel, while on test value best-cases, validates the system, displaying green on the boiler’s panel as users entered the right value of parameters per the design specification. We discovered that from 1 to 10 minutes run time for auto system run gives 10.8% errors as compared from 1 to 10 minutes time interval on manual system run that gives 80.2% error, this results to less effort in user interface application usage on auto operations better than manual. The expert system prevents damaged and malfunctioning as control the alkalinity, prevent scaling, both mechanical & chemical corrosion, forming, correct pH values and then the conductivity which deals with the feed boiler water and monitored the level in the boiler drum using the industry measurement parameters (pressure, temperature, level, and flow).
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Pacifici, E., M. Chazine, A. Vichi, S. Grandini, C. Goracci, and M. Ferrari. "Shear-Bond Strength of a New Self-Adhering Flowable Restorative Material to Dentin of Primary Molars." Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry 38, no. 2 (December 1, 2013): 149–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.17796/jcpd.38.2.l3q5l3128k2870j7.
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Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the shear bond strength to dentin of primary molars of a new self-adhering flowable resin composite with two ionomer-based cements and one flowable resin composite in combination with two different adhesive systems. Study design: Fifty primary molars were grinded on the occlusal surface to obtain flat dentin substrate and randomly divided into 5 groups (n=10): OFL:Phosphoric Acid/Optibond FL/Premise Flow; OAO:Optibond All-In-One/Premise Flowable; II:Polyacrylic Acid/Fuji II; IX:Polyacrylic Acid/Fuji IX; V:Vertise Flow. Cylinders (3mm diameter – 5mm height) of restorative material were built-up in three increments over the dentin surfaces. A shear load was applied until failure. Bond strength values were statistically analysed with Kruskall-Wallis ANOVA followed by Dunn's test (P<.05). Differences in failure mode distribution were assessed with Chi-square (P<.05). Results: OFL and OAO recorded significantly higher bond strengths than the other groups. Adhesive failures were evident in all groups except OFL and OAO, in which also cohesive failures in dentin were observed. Conclusions: Vertise Flow established on primary dentin bond strengths values similar to those of glass ionomer cements routinely used for restorations of primary teeth. The combination of flowable resin with etch-and-rinse or all-in-one adhesives obtained higher bond strength values, thus involving a more complex handling.
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Muñoz-Reina, José Saúl, Miguel Gabriel Villarreal-Cervantes, and Leonel Germán Corona-Ramírez. "Empirical Study of Constraint-Handling Techniques in the Optimal Synthesis of Mechanisms for Rehabilitation." Applied Sciences 11, no. 18 (September 19, 2021): 8739. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11188739.
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Currently, rehabilitation systems with closed kinematic chain mechanisms are low-cost alternatives for treatment and health care. In designing these systems, the dimensional synthesis is commonly stated as a constrained optimization problem to achieve repetitive rehabilitation movements, and metaheuristic algorithms for constrained problems are promising methods for searching solutions in the complex search space. The Constraint Handling Techniques (CHTs) in metaheuristic algorithms have different capacities to explore and exploit the search space. However, the study of the relationship in the CHT performance of the mechanism dimensional synthesis for rehabilitation systems has not been addressed, resulting in an important gap in the literature of such problems. In this paper, we present a comparative empirical study to investigate the influence of four CHTs (penalty function, feasibility rules, stochastic-ranking, and ϵ-constraint) on the performance of ten representative algorithms that have been reported in the literature for solving mechanism synthesis for rehabilitation (four-bar linkage, eight-bar linkage, and cam-linkage mechanisms). The study involves analysis of the overall performance, six performance metrics, and evaluation of the obtained mechanism. This identified that feasibility rules usually led to efficient optimization for most analyzed algorithms and presented more consistency of the obtained results in these kinds of problems.
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Wang, Xingkai, Weimin Wu, and Zichao Xing. "Multi-decision points model to solve coupled-task scheduling problem with heterogeneous multi-AGV in manufacturing systems." International Journal of Industrial Engineering Computations 14, no. 1 (2023): 49–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.5267/j.ijiec.2022.10.003.
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Automated guided vehicle (AGV) is widely used in automated manufacturing systems as a material handling tool. Although the task scheduling problem with isomorphic AGV has remained a very active research field through the years, too little work has been devoted to the task scheduling problems with heterogeneous AGVs. A coupled task with heterogeneous AGVs is a complex task that needs the cooperation of more than one type of AGVs. In this paper, a manufacturing system with two types of AGVs and three types of tasks is studied. To solve the coupled task scheduling problem with heterogeneous AGVs in this manufacturing system, we introduce two new methods based on the established mathematical model, namely, the decoupled scheduling strategy and coupled scheduling strategy with multi-decision model. The decoupled scheduling strategy is widely used in coupled task scheduling problems. However, there are some situations that the decoupled scheduling strategy cannot solve the problem well. To overcome the problem, the multi-decision point model solves the coupled task scheduling problem without decomposition. In order to ensure the searching speed and searching accuracy, a novel hybrid heuristic algorithm based on simulated annealing algorithm and tabu search algorithm is developed. The simulation experiment results show the proposed coupled scheduling algorithm has priority in coupled task scheduling problems.
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Żmigrodzka, Małgorzata, and Ewelina Krakowiak. "Technical security systems in the protection of the airport." WUT Journal of Transportation Engineering 122 (September 1, 2018): 97–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0014.4504.
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The modern airport is a complex environment in terms of size, traffic, safety requirements and operational reasons, where the primary goal is to create favorable conditions for handling passengers and goods transported by aircraft. All elements of aerodrome infrastructure are an essential medium for carrying out transport and service processes. To be in the infrastructure of the airport should meet the current requirements and standards of carriers who treat this issue as a key criterion for the choice of the airport in terms of where they provide air operations. Modern solutions are increasingly attracting the attention of their customers. The main reason is to place services while increasing security. Europe is the target of terrorist organizations, so the critical infrastructure manager, in accordance with Annex 17 to the Chicago Convention on the State's obligations in the field of civil aviation, outweighs the adoption of an appropriate strategy that outweighs the various technical security solutions. The aim of the article is to present the currently operating technical systems at European airports. In order to achieve the intended goal, the materials available in the scientific publications and data provided by the selected airports were analyzed.
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Wang, Zhixia, Wei Wang, Qichang Zhang, Fengshou Gu, and Andrew David Ball. "Analysis of nonlinear vibration energy harvesters using a complex dynamic frequency method." International Journal of Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics 64, no. 1-4 (December 10, 2020): 1555–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/jae-209477.
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To understand the complicated dynamic behavior of a Nonlinear Piezoelectric Energy Harvester (NPEH), this paper develops an improved Complex Dynamic Frequency (CDF) method based on complex normal form. CDF introduces a dynamic frequency factor and establishes a set of algebraic equations in handling the effect of higher-order nonlinear terms in a wide frequency band to obtain periodic responses of NPEH. Numerical and experimental studies verify that the proposed CDF gives consistent and accurate predictions of the systems with both weak and strong nonlinearity. Furthermore, through an implicit relationship between magnet arrangement and output performance, one may effectively control the sweep frequency with softening and hardening characteristics. That is a major breakthrough toward the further nonlinear design for broad bandwidth harvesters. As the application, the experimental results reveal the high response profiles can be in a wide frequency range from 10.8 Hz to 24.5 Hz for the NPEH developed that allows an output power of 9 times higher than the conventional linear structure.
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Di Mascio, Paola, Giuseppe Loprencipe, and Laura Moretti. "Technical and Economic Criteria to Select Pavement Surfaces of Port Handling Plants." Coatings 9, no. 2 (February 18, 2019): 126. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings9020126.
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A port is an intermodal system in which many logistics activities requiring properly constructed areas occur. The large extension of these areas poses a major problem in choosing materials with technical and economic implications. Choice and design of pavements are directly related to the port handling systems and procedures for the disposal of the cargo units. The paper presents the design and verification procedures for three equivalent pavements for a handling pavement in an Italian medium-sized port trafficked by reach stackers moving containers. An asphalt pavement, a concrete pavement, and a concrete block pavement have been considered during the 20-year service life. Empirical and analytical methods have been adopted to design and verify the pavements. The structures have been examined in terms of economic concerns during the overall service life, considering both construction and maintenance costs, in order to determine the most cost-effective option. The results demonstrate the inappropriateness of asphalt pavement, in the examined case, from a construction costs point of view. Furthermore, the overall discounted costs show an inversion of convenience between block concrete pavement and cast in situ concrete: the latter is the cheaper solution. The proposed methodology can balance often conflicting objectives in matters of durability and funds management, providing answers to a complex topic.
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Yu, Dan, Dirk Beckelmann, Michael Opsölder, Bruno Schäfer, Karsten Moh, René Hensel, Peter de Oliveira, and Eduard Arzt. "Roll-to-Roll Manufacturing of Micropatterned Adhesives by Template Compression." Materials 12, no. 1 (December 29, 2018): 97. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12010097.
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For the next generation of handling systems, reversible adhesion enabled by micropatterned dry adhesives exhibits high potential. The versatility of polymeric micropatterns in handling objects made from various materials has been demonstrated by several groups. However, specimens reported in most studies have been restricted to the laboratory scale. Upscaling the size and quantity of micropatterned adhesives is the next step to enable successful technology transfer. Towards this aim, we introduce a continuous roll-to-roll replication process for fabrication of high-performance, mushroom-shaped micropatterned dry adhesives. The micropatterns were made from UV-curable polyurethane acrylates. To ensure the integrity of the complex structure during the fabrication process, flexible templates were used. The compression between the template and the wet prepolymer coating was investigated to optimize replication results without structural failures, and hence, to improve adhesion. As a result, we obtained micropatterned adhesive tapes, 10 cm in width and several meters in length, with adhesion strength about 250 kPa to glass, suitable for a wide range of applications.
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Iannino, Vincenzo, Valentina Colla, Claudio Mocci, Ismael Matino, Stefano Dettori, Sebastian Kolb, Thomas Plankenbühler, and Jürgen Karl. "Multi-agent systems to improve efficiency in steelworks." Matériaux & Techniques 109, no. 5-6 (2021): 502. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/mattech/2022010.
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A multi-agent system consists of several computational entities capable of autonomous actions, called agents, which communicate with each other, and have the ability to coordinate their actions and to cooperate. Multi-agent systems received a great interest and attention over time, as they can be seen as a key enabling technology for complex applications, where distributed and processing of data, autonomy, and high degree of interactions in dynamic environments are required at the same time. Therefore, in view of current and future developments of the digitalization of industrial production cycles promoted by Industry 4.0, multi-agent systems are foreseen to play an increasing role for industrial production management and optimization. Because of barriers represented by large presence of legacy systems, in the steel sector agent-based technology is not widely applied yet, and multi-agent systems applications are very few. On the other hand, steel manufacturing industries are complex and dynamic systems whose production processes held a strategic role in the global economy. During last decades, the steel sector has undergone relevant transformations, especially through the massive digitalization and the innovation introduced by Industry 4.0. A further evolution is foreseen in the incoming years to improve the sustainability of the production cycle by improving energy and resource efficiency. Therefore, steel industries must face several challenges on the path toward the factory of the future. In such context multi-agent systems, through their intrinsic properties, such as autonomy, social abilities, reactivity, proactivity, and mobility, can overcome existing drawbacks and barriers, by increasing flexibility, improving resources efficiency, handling production operations, reacting to unpredicted events, optimizing production processes, and supporting legacy systems. In this paper, some applications of multi-agent systems in steel sector are presented to show the advantages and opportunities of agent-based technology.
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Gupta, P. K. "ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT IN THE AGRO-BASED PULP AND PAPER INDUSTRY IN INDIA – A HOLISTIC APPROACH." Water Science and Technology 30, no. 3 (August 1, 1994): 209–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1994.0103.
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The agro-residue based pulp and paper industry generates high strength and high volume wastewaters, which in the absence of techno-economically viable chemical recovery systems and cost-effective pollution control systems pollute the recipient environment. The use of the “end of pipe” treatment approach results in a complex wastewater system and imposes a very high economic burden on these units. A more pertinent approach is to incorporate “at source” pollution prevention measures prior to the design of the end-of-pipe wastewater treatment facility. This cleaner production/waste minimisation approach not only results in direct financial returns in the form of material conservation and recovery/reuse of fibres but also reduces the overall investment and annual operational costs of the subsequent wastewater treatment system. Studies at four paper mills where appropriate technologies for waste reduction and handling, and energy conservation have been demonstrated and implemented, are presented. The paper highlights the various in plant measures viz. process modification and recovery/recycle/reuse of resources, which can be used to reduce the total pollution load. These measures lead to increases in profit margin of up to 20% and reduced wastewater treatment costs of up to 30%. To illustrate this approach, a case study in a 25 TPD mill has been discussed.
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Mironenko, Olga V., Andrey Yu Lomtev, Ekaterina A. Fedorova, Lidiya A. Soprun, Nina M. Frolova, Olga I. Kopytenkova, Aleksandr V. Levanchuk, and Denis A. Obukhov. "The use of Geographic Information Systems Technologies for creation of regional medical waste management systems." Hygiene and sanitation 100, no. 11 (November 30, 2021): 1209–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.47470/0016-9900-2021-100-11-1209-1217.
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Introduction. The annual growth of medical waste due necessitates a comprehensive approach to solving the issue of medical waste management. It is necessary to develop unified methodical strategies for the complex solution. The objective of the study. To substantiate the hygienic efficiency of the thermal decontamination of class B and C medical waste based on geo-informational system (GIS) technologies in the Krasnoyarsk region for five consecutive years. Materials and methods. Medical institutions (MI) of the Krasnoyarsk region’s three macro districts were studied as class B and C waste sources. At the first stage, the composition of wastes by classes and their volumes were determined, and local technologies of thermal deactivation available in medical organizations were identified. The received information was subjected to statistical processing, stratified on electronic maps to apply GIS technologies further. Results. Based on statistical processing of data on medical class B and C waste generation in separate MO, the analysis of operating technologies capacity in 2014-2015 based on GIS-technology of spatial analysis, construction of optimal transport ways of waste delivery, area mapping in the three districts in the Krasnoyarsk region have been substantiated proposals to optimize medical waste management for five years. Conclusion. To have an environmentally and epidemiologically safe system of handling class B and C waste in the region, it is necessary to create a comprehensive functional model based on GIS technology, taking into account the optimal combination of decentralized and centralized systems, regional features of the transport network, and the prospects of health care system development.
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Sahoo, Kamalakanta, Richard Bergman, Sevda Alanya-Rosenbaum, Hongmei Gu, and Shaobo Liang. "Life Cycle Assessment of Forest-Based Products: A Review." Sustainability 11, no. 17 (August 29, 2019): 4722. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11174722.
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Climate change, environmental degradation, and limited resources are motivations for sustainable forest management. Forests, the most abundant renewable resource on earth, used to make a wide variety of forest-based products for human consumption. To provide a scientific measure of a product’s sustainability and environmental performance, the life cycle assessment (LCA) method is used. This article provides a comprehensive review of environmental performances of forest-based products including traditional building products, emerging (mass-timber) building products and nanomaterials using attributional LCA. Across the supply chain, the product manufacturing life-cycle stage tends to have the largest environmental impacts. However, forest management activities and logistics tend to have the greatest economic impact. In addition, environmental trade-offs exist when regulating emissions as indicated by the latest traditional wood building product LCAs. Interpretation of these LCA results can guide new product development using biomaterials, future (mass) building systems and policy-making on mitigating climate change. Key challenges include handling of uncertainties in the supply chain and complex interactions of environment, material conversion, resource use for product production and quantifying the emissions released.
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Voronov, Artem, Richard R. A. Syms, and Oleksiy Sydoruk. "High-Performance Magnetoinductive Directional Filters." Electronics 11, no. 6 (March 8, 2022): 845. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics11060845.
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Multiport magnetoinductive (MI) devices with directional filter properties are presented. Design equations are developed and solved using wave analysis and dispersion theory, and it is shown that high-performance directional filters can be realised for use both in MI systems with complex, frequency-dependent impedance and in conventional systems with real impedance. Wave analysis is used to reduce the complexity of circuit equations. High-performance MI structures combining directional and infinite rejection filtering are demonstrated, as well as multiple-passband high-rejection filtering. A new method for improving filtering performance through multipath loss compensation is described. Methods for constructing tuneable devices using toroidal ferrite-cored transformers are proposed and demonstrated, and experimental results for tuneable MI directional filters are shown to agree with theoretical models. Limitations are explored, and power handling sufficient for HF RFID applications is demonstrated, despite the use of ferrite materials.
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Rodríguez-Ponce, Rafael, and Francisco Gustavo Mota-Muñoz. "Microcontroller-Based Direct Torque Control Servodrive." Journal of Robotics 2020 (February 8, 2020): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/9152494.
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Robot technology has become an integral part of the automotive industry in several tasks such as material handling, welding, painting, and part assembly. Therefore, the knowledge and skills to control the electric motors in these manipulators are essential for undergraduate electrical engineering students. Currently, the digital signal processor (DSP) is the core chip in industrial motor-control drives; however, the implementation of DSP control algorithms can be quite challenging for an experienced programmer, even more so for the novice. Considerable research has been done on this topic, although authors usually focus on DSP-based motor drives using popular control techniques such as field-oriented control (FOC). Although highly efficient, this approach is usually reserved for postgraduate education due to its complex structure and functionality. In this paper, the authors present a modular servodrive design on a low-cost, general-purpose microcontroller using the direct torque control (DTC) method, an alternative known for greater simplicity and torque response, compared with FOC. The system design was based on Micropython language allowing the software structure to be more manageable and the code to be more understandable. This design will be useful to undergraduates and researchers with interests in motor control design.