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Books on the topic 'Complex Material Handling Systems'

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Published: 10 March 2023

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1

Hayes, Teresa L., and Theresa D. Byham. Material handling equipment & systems. Cleveland, OH: Freedonia Group, Inc., 1998.

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2

Hester, Edward, and Michael Murphy. Material handling systems: Advanced & conventional. Cleveland, Ohio: Freedonia Group, 2002.

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3

Ergonomic design of material handling systems. Boca Raton: Lewis Publishers, 1997.

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4

Tanchoco, Jose Mario Azaña, 1946-, ed. Material flow systems in manufacturing. London: Chapman & Hall, 1994.

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5

Frost & Sullivan., ed. World intelligent material handling markets: Installations of modular designs and integrated systems on the rise. Mountain View, CA: Frost & Sullivan, 1993.

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6

Sumner, John D. Analysis of material handling equipment for Maritime Prepositioning Ships (MPS) instream offload. Monterey, Calif: Naval Postgraduate School, 1992.

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7

S, Palekar U., Pandit R, American Society of Mechanical Engineers. Winter Meeting, and American Society of Mechanical Engineers. Material Handling Engineering Division., eds. Planning and control of material handling systems: Presented at the Winter Annual Meeting of the American Society of Mechnical Engineers, Atlanta, Georgia, December 1-6, 1991. New York, N.Y: ASME, 1991.

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8

Agency, International Atomic Energy, ed. Design and operation of off-gas cleaning and ventilation systems in facilities handling low and intermediate level radioactive material. Vienna: International Atomic Energy Agency, 1988.

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9

Jan, Treur, and Wetter Th, eds. Formal specification of complex reasoning systems: Based on material from the International Workshop onFormal Specification Methods for Complex Reasoning Systems, Vienna, 1992, organized during ECAI'92 by the Artificial Intelligence Group, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam. New York: EllisHorwood, 1993.

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10

AUTOCOM '89 (1989 Dearborn, Mich.). AUTOCOM '89: June 5-8, 1989, Dearborn, Michigan ; Precision Metrology with Coordinate Measurement Systems Clinic, June 6-7, 1989, Schaumburg, Illinois ; Automated Material Handling System Clinic, June 6-7, 1989, Dearborn, Michigan. Dearborn, Mich. (P.O. Box 930, Dearborn 48121): Society of Manufacturing Engineers, 1989.

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11

Cevelev, Aleksandr. Material management of railway transport. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1064961.

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In the monograph reviewed the development of the inventory management of railway transport in the new economic environment of market economy. According to the results of theoretical research, innovative and production potential of the supply system of railway transport the main directions and methods of transformation of the restructuring process under the corporate changes of JSC "RZD", positioned value system of the logistics of railway transportation, and developed a classification model used logistical resources. Evaluation of activity of structural divisions of Russian Railways supply is proposed to be viewed through an integrated and comprehensive approach to the development of systems of balanced indicators of supply and prompt handling of material resources, the implementation of which allows to distribute the strategic objectives of the company "Russian Railways" activities in the system of logistics of the Railways and also to involve in economic circulation of excessive and unused inventories of material and technical resources and efficiently reallocate them among enterprises at the site of the railway. Recommendations for the implementation of the developed algorithms and models are long term in nature and are based on the concept of logistics management and improve the business processes of the logistics system. Will be useful for managers and specialists of directorates of logistics of Russian Railways supply, undergraduates and graduate students interested in the economy of railway transport.
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12

Cevelev, Aleksandr. The economy and material management on a railway transport. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1085329.

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In the textbook in an accessible form presented and discussed the development of the economy and the inventory management of railway transport in the new economic environment. For the first time in Russian literature, made a theoretical attempt at a comprehensive review of the effectiveness of, and satisfaction of needs in material resources structural divisions, subsidiaries and affiliates of JSC "RZD". According to the results of theoretical research, innovative and production potential of the supply system of railway transport the main directions and methods of transformation of the restructuring process under the corporate changes of JSC "RZD", positioned value system of logistics of rail transport, a comprehensive approach to the development of systems of balanced indicators of supply and prompt handling of material resources. Recommendations for the implementation of the developed algorithms and models are long term in nature and are based on the concept of logistics management improve business processes, system logistics. For students and teachers, workers of enterprises of railway transport, and others interested in questions of transport Economics.
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13

Engels, Dietrich, and Heike Engel. Experiences in case management from nine countries: Collected material : international co-operation project : the co-ordination of complex assistance for the elderly : case management in various national elderly assistance systems : developed by the Bundesministerium für Familie, Senioren, Frauen und Jugend. Stuttgart: W. Kohlhammer, 2000.

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14

Chemodurov, Vladimir, and Ella Litvinova. Physical and mathematical modeling of building systems. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1014191.

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Physical and mathematical modeling is widely used in scientific research. This is due to the fact that field experiments on real construction sites are often impossible to organize for various reasons. The material included in the textbook is a summary of the authors ' experience in the field of system analysis. In the first section, the regularities of physical modeling of the functioning of objects based on the similarity and dimension theorems are considered. The second section presents modern models and methods for choosing optimal solutions: linear, nonlinear, stochastic, and statistical. The third section deals with experimental methods of system optimization based on the theory of experimental planning. Meets the requirements of the federal state educational standards of higher education of the latest generation. For students of higher educational institutions studying in the direction of training 08.04.01 "Construction", and graduate students of higher educational institutions. It will be useful for specialists in the field of mathematical methods for the study of complex systems and their applications.
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15

Ivankova, Tat'yana, Roman Chalov, Boris Kochurov, Sofiya Isaeva, and Antonina Suzdaleva. Ensuring environmental safety of natural and technical systems of small river basins in the conditions of the Crimean Peninsula. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1903315.

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The monograph is devoted to the problems of ensuring environmental safety of natural and technical systems of small river basins. The author uses a basin approach to assess the ecological state of a small mountain river, in the basin of which both surface and groundwater are intensively used. The research is based on factual material obtained during field and desk work. The complex ecological and economic characteristics of the basin of the typical small mountain river Alma of the Crimean Peninsula, the classification of the basin lands, the assessment of the degree of stress and tension of the ecological situation, performed by computational methods, are presented. Recommendations for the protection of the natural environment in the river basin are proposed. The author has developed criteria for the ecological safety of the natural and technical system of a small river depending on the current water availability for the mountainous, foothill and plain territories of the basin as the volume of permissible withdrawal of river runoff. Recommendations on improving the management system of the natural and technical system of the river basin aimed at reducing the anthropogenic impact on the catchment area, as well as recommendations and measures to restore an environmentally favorable state are presented. It is intended for specialists in the field of rational use of natural resources, researchers, university teachers, students studying in the areas of 08.03.01, 08.04.01 "Construction", 20.03.02 "Environmental management and water use", as well as a wide range of readers interested in water resources, ecology and geography.
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16

Naumov, Vladimir. Markets information and communication technology and sales organization. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/21026.

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In the textbook sets out the basic information about the structure of markets, information and communication technologies (ICT), the methods of their research, assessing the attractiveness and forecasting, criteria and methods of segmentation. Deals with the organization of the sales Department of an IT company, involving analysis of organizational forms, population division, methods of remuneration and non-material incentives for experts dealing with sales of ICT products. Sets out the methodology for strategic sales of complex IT solutions, the technique of negotiation and the basics of neurolinguistic programming. The textbook pays attention to the peculiarities of the sales and promotion of ICT products through the Internet, the possibilities of the use of CRM systems. The principles of the organization of partnerships with clients. This methodical approaches to the assessment of the efficiency of the sales Department of an IT company and its sales staff. Discusses the economic evaluation of the project implementation in selling IT solutions. The textbook is prepared in accordance with the requirements of Federal state educational standard of higher education of the last generation. Designed for students enrolled in training 38.03.05 "Business-Informatics", but it can be useful to students from other disciplines and practitioners working in the field of information and communication technologies.
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17

Material Handling Systems and Terminology. Lionheart Pub, 1992.

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18

Kroemer, Karl H. E. Ergonomic Design for Material Handling Systems. Taylor & Francis Group, 2017.

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19

Kroemer, Karl H. E. Ergonomic Design of Material Handling Systems. CRC Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780203756683.

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20

Kroemer, Karl H. E. Ergonomic Design for Material Handling Systems. Taylor & Francis Group, 2017.

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21

Kroemer, Karl H. E. Ergonomic Design for Material Handling Systems. Taylor & Francis Group, 2017.

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22

Kroemer, Karl H. E. Ergonomic Design for Material Handling Systems. Taylor & Francis Group, 2017.

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23

Progress in Material Handling and Logistics. Springer Verlag, 1991.

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24

Reese, Charles. Material Handling Systems: Designing for Safety and Health. CRC, 2000.

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25

Furmans, Kai. Material Handling and Production Systems Modelling - based on Queuing Models. Springer, 2008.

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26

Seibold, Zäzilia. Logical Time for Decentralized Control of Material Handling Systems. Saint Philip Street Press, 2020.

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27

Mechatronic Systems 2: Applications in Material Handling Processes and Robotics. CRC Press LLC, 2021.

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28

Polishchuk, Leonid, Orken Mamyrbayev, and Konrad Gromaszek. Mechatronic Systems 2: Applications in Material Handling Processes and Robotics. CRC Press LLC, 2021.

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29

Polishchuk, Leonid, Orken Mamyrbayev, and Konrad Gromaszek. Mechatronic Systems 2: Applications in Material Handling Processes and Robotics. CRC Press LLC, 2021.

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30

Karim, Yunan. The impact of alternative cell locations and alternative routes of material handling equipment in the design of cellular manufacturing systems. 1999.

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31

Biffl, Stefan, Arndt Lüder, and Detlef Gerhard. Multi-Disciplinary Engineering for Cyber-Physical Production Systems: Data Models and Software Solutions for Handling Complex Engineering Projects. Springer, 2017.

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32

Biffl, Stefan, Arndt Lüder, and Detlef Gerhard. Multi-Disciplinary Engineering for Cyber-Physical Production Systems: Data Models and Software Solutions for Handling Complex Engineering Projects. Springer, 2018.

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33

Gibson J.A.B. P. Design and Operation of Off-Gas Cleaning and Ventilation Systems in Facilities Handling Low and Intermediate Level Radioactive Material (Technical Reports (International Atomic Energy Agency)). International Atomic Energy Agency, 1988.

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34

Ye, Liu, Jose Porro, and Ingmar Nopens, eds. Quantification and Modelling of Fugitive Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Urban Water Systems. IWA Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/9781789060461.

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Abstract With increased commitment from the international community to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from all sectors in accordance with the Paris Agreement, the water sector has never felt the pressure it is now under to transition to a low-carbon water management model. This requires reducing GHG emissions from grid-energy consumption (Scope 2 emissions), which is straightforward; however, it also requires reducing Scope 1 emissions, which include nitrous oxide and methane emissions, predominantly from wastewater handling and treatment. The pathways and factors leading to biological nitrous oxide and methane formation and emissions from wastewater are highly complex and site-specific. Good emission factors for estimating the Scope 1 emissions are lacking, water utilities have little experience in directly measuring these emissions, and the mathematical modelling of these emissions is challenging. Therefore, this book aims to help the water sector address the Scope 1 emissions by breaking down their pathways and influencing factors, and providing guidance on both the use of emission factors, and performing direct measurements of nitrous oxide and methane emissions from sewers and wastewater treatment plants. The book also dives into the mathematical modelling for predicting these emissions and provides guidance on the use of different mathematical models based upon your conditions, as well as an introduction to alternative modelling methods, including metabolic, data-driven, and AI methods. Finally, the book includes guidance on using the modelling tools for assessing different operating strategies and identifying promising mitigation actions. A must-have book for anyone needing to understand, account for, and reduce water utility Scope 1 emissions. ISBN: 9781789060454 (Paperback) ISBN: 9781789060461 (eBook) ISBN: 9781789060478 (ePub)
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35

Maxson, Rachel E., Chip Colwell-Chanthaphonh, and Lee Wayne Lomayestewa. Lost in Translation: Rethinking Hopi Katsina Tithu and Museum Language Systems. Denver Museum of Nature & Science, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.55485/lccz3131.

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Museums collect and care for material culture, and, increasingly, intangible culture. This relatively new term for the folklore, music, dance, traditional practices, and language belonging to a group of people is gaining importance in international heritage management discourse. As one aspect of intangible cultural heritage, language is more relevant in museums than has been previously acknowledged. Incorporating native languages into museum anthropology collections provides context and acts as a form of “appropriate museology,” preserving indigenous descriptions and conceptions of objects. This report presents the ways in which Hopi katsina tithu—popularly known as kachina dolls—are outstanding examples of objects that museums can recontextualize with Native terminology. The etymology, or a word or phrase’s use history, of each katsina tihu’s name documents the deep connection of these objects with Hopi belief, ritual, and history. Without including the complex practices of Hopi naming, documentation of these objects in museum catalogues is often incomplete and inaccurate. Using contemporary Hopi perspectives, historic ethnographies, and the Hopi Dictionary to create adatabase of Hopi katsina tithu names, this project demonstrates how museums might incorporate intangible heritage into their collections through language and etymological context.
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36

Zinn, S., and S. L. Semiatin. Elements of Induction Heating. ASM International, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.tb.eihdca.9781627083416.

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Elements of Induction Heating: Design, Control, and Applications discusses the principles of electromagnetic induction and the setup and use of induction heating processes and equipment. The first few chapters cover the theory of induction heating and the factors that must be considered when selecting and configuring components for a given application. As the text explains, the frequency required for efficient heating is determined by the geometry of the coil, the properties, size, and shape of the workpiece, and the need to maintain adequate skin effect. It also depends on proper tuning and load matching, which is explained as well. Subsequent chapters discuss the use of external cooling, temperature sensing, and power-timing devices, the fundamentals of process control, the role of flux concentrators, shields, and susceptors, and the integration of material handling equipment. The book also covers coil design and fabrication and explains how induction heating systems can be tailored for specific applications such as billet and bar heating, surface hardening, pipe welding, tin reflow, powder metal sintering, and brazing, and for curing adhesives and coatings. For information on the print version, ISBN 978-0-87170-308-8, follow this link.
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37

Kirchman, David L. Processes in anoxic environments. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198789406.003.0011.

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During organic material degradation in oxic environments, electrons from organic material, the electron donor, are transferred to oxygen, the electron acceptor, during aerobic respiration. Other compounds, such as nitrate, iron, sulfate, and carbon dioxide, take the place of oxygen during anaerobic respiration in anoxic environments. The order in which these compounds are used by bacteria and archaea (only a few eukaryotes are capable of anaerobic respiration) is set by thermodynamics. However, concentrations and chemical state also determine the relative importance of electron acceptors in organic carbon oxidation. Oxygen is most important in the biosphere, while sulfate dominates in marine systems, and carbon dioxide in environments with low sulfate concentrations. Nitrate respiration is important in the nitrogen cycle but not in organic material degradation because of low nitrate concentrations. Organic material is degraded and oxidized by a complex consortium of organisms, the anaerobic food chain, in which the by-products from physiological types of organisms becomes the starting material of another. The consortium consists of biopolymer hydrolysis, fermentation, hydrogen gas production, and the reduction of either sulfate or carbon dioxide. The by-product of sulfate reduction, sulfide and other reduced sulfur compounds, is oxidized back eventually to sulfate by either non-phototrophic, chemolithotrophic organisms or by phototrophic microbes. The by-product of another main form of anaerobic respiration, carbon dioxide reduction, is methane, which is produced only by specific archaea. Methane is degraded aerobically by bacteria and anaerobically by some archaea, sometimes in a consortium with sulfate-reducing bacteria. Cultivation-independent approaches focusing on 16S rRNA genes and a methane-related gene (mcrA) have been instrumental in understanding these consortia because the microbes remain uncultivated to date. The chapter ends with some discussion about the few eukaryotes able to reproduce without oxygen. In addition to their ecological roles, anaerobic protists provide clues about the evolution of primitive eukaryotes.
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38

Al-Safran, Eissa M., and James P. Brill. Applied Multiphase Flow in Pipes and Flow Assurance: Oil and Gas Production. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/9781613994924.

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Applied Multiphase Flow in Pipes and Flow Assurance - Oil and Gas Production delivers the most recent advancements in multiphase flow technology while remaining easy to read and appropriate for undergraduate and graduate petroleum engineering students. Responding to the need for a more up-to-the-minute resource, this highly anticipated new book represents applications on the fundamentals with new material on heat transfer in production systems, flow assurance, transient multiphase flow in pipes and the TUFFP unified model. The complex computation procedure of mechanistic models is simplified through solution flowcharts and several example problems. Containing over 50 solved example problems and 140 homework problems, this new book will equip engineers with the skills necessary to use the latest steady-state simulators available.
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39

Radner, Karen, Nadine Moeller, and D. T. Potts, eds. The Oxford History of the Ancient Near East. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190687854.001.0001.

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The Oxford History of the Ancient Near East offers a comprehensive and fully illustrated survey of the history of Egypt and Western Asia (the Levant, Anatolia, Mesopotamia, and Iran) in five volumes, from the emergence of complex states to the conquests of Alexander the Great. The authors represent a highly international mix of leading academics whose expertise brings alive the people, places, and times of the remote past. The emphasis lies firmly on the political and social histories of the states and communities under investigation. The individual chapters present the key textual and material sources underpinning the historical reconstruction, devoting special attention to the most recent archaeological finds and how they have impacted the current interpretation. The first volume covers the long period from the mid-tenth millennium to the late third millennium BC and presents the history of the Near East in ten chapters: From the Beginnings to Old Kingdom Egypt and the Dynasty of Akkad. Key topics include the domestication of animals and plants; the first permanent settlements; the subjugation and appropriation of the natural environment; the emergence of complex states and belief systems; the invention of the earliest writing systems; and the wide-ranging trade networks that linked diverse population groups across deserts, mountains, and oceans.
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40

Burton, Derek, and Margaret Burton. Essential Fish Biology. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198785552.001.0001.

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This book summarizes the basic features of living fish. It is introduced by a chapter on the diversity of a group which has over 30,000 species, the largest within the vertebrates, describing the classification systems used for them and the variety of their habitats and morphology. Thereafter the physiology of fish is described and discussed initially by categories such as the outer boundary (the skin), the circulatory system, food processing, reproduction, hormones as integrators and controllers, the nervous system and the very complex set of sensory receptors including the eyes, ears, lateral line and electro-receptors. Unusual structures, adaptations and behaviours reveal the breadth of fish lifestyles from deep-ocean to shallow reef habitats, with both fresh water and marine margins favouring some near-terrestrial forms even emerging to spawn. With enormous ranges of size, shape and lifecycles, fish are capable of extreme longevity and amazing adjustments to their environment, including colour change, light emission by photophores and sporadic hermaphroditism (both sexes in one individual). The use of fish types by scientists is discussed. Referenced throughout, the scope of the book includes reviews of historically important and recent discoveries and some speculation on the future for fish and fish conservation. Appendices are provided to give in-depth information on some topics, including material briefly describing practical procedures, relevant to experimentation and aquaculture, which may prompt further investigation. The glossary with explanations of terms, and the copious illustrations help understanding of this complex subject area.
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41

Malen, Donald E. Fundamentals of Automobile Body Structure Design. 2nd ed. SAE International, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/9781468601756.

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This book provides readers with a solid understanding of the principles of automobile body structural design, illustrating the effect of changing design parameters on the behavior of automobile body structural elements. Emphasizing simple models of the behavior of body structural systems rather than complex mathematical models, the book looks at the best way to shape a structural element to achieve a desired function, why structures behave in certain ways, and how to improve performance. This second edition of Fundamentals of Automobile Body Structure Design contains many new sections including: the treatment of crashworthiness conditions of static roof crush and the small overlap rigid barrier torsion stiffness requirements material selection illustrations of body architecture Each chapter now includes a clear flow down of requirements following the systems engineering methodology. Illustrations have been updated and expanded and a fresh modern format has been adapted enhancing the readability of the book.
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42

Glatz, Claudia. The Hittite State and Empire from Archaeological Evidence. Edited by Gregory McMahon and Sharon Steadman. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780195376142.013.0040.

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This article shows how the material culture can sometimes be an even clearer lens through which scholars may view the Hittite imperial organization and modes of engagement. The evidence for the selective adoption of north-central Anatolian ceramic traditions in neighboring regions, changes and continuity in local settlement systems, the direction and intensity of Hittite administrative efforts, and the dialogue of territorial hegemony carried out via landscape monuments suggest that empire, rather than a monolithic entity, is best conceptualized as a complex web of interactions. Imperial–local relationships were less clear cut and in favor of all-encompassing central control than one might infer from the Hittite documents. Instead, we gain the impression of an ongoing process or negotiation of empire that is carried out on a range of different cultural, political, and social levels, and which is neither complete nor uncontested in its closest periphery and throughout its existence.
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43

Masson, Marilyn A., David A. Freidel, and Arthur A. Demarest, eds. The Real Business of Ancient Maya Economies. University Press of Florida, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5744/florida/9780813066295.001.0001.

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A timely synthesis of the latest research and perspectives on ancient Maya economics, this volume illuminates the sophistication and intricacy of economic systems in the Preclassic period, Classic period, and Postclassic period. Contributors from a wide range of disciplines move beyond paradigms of elite control and centralized exchange to focus on individual agency, highlighting production and exchange that took place at all levels of society. Case studies draw on new archaeological evidence from rural households and urban marketplaces to reconstruct the trade networks for tools, ceramics, obsidian, salt, and agricultural goods throughout the empire. They also describe the ways household production integrated with community, regional, and interregional markets. Redirecting the field of ancient Maya economic studies away from simplistic characterizations of the past by fully representing the range of current views on the subject, this volume delves deeply into multiple facets of a complex, interdependent material world.
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44

Schrijver, Karel. Aged Stars and Disrupted Exosystems. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198799894.003.0008.

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Several chapters in this book illustrate the long, complex paths that the scientific community takes to uncover the workings of the Universe. This chapter focuses on the chemical analysis of stars by spectrographically unravelling their light into its constituent colors that, in retrospect, revealed the first evidence of planetary systems, although that remained unrecognized for a long time. A century ago astronomers discovered that many burned-out stars, no longer working as fusion reactors, had unexpected chemicals in their atmospheres. Now these are recognized as evaporated fragments of planetary-system bodies that came too close to the dead star and were eventually pulled into it. With aged stars first clearing their neighborhood by swelling into giants, how can it be that fragments of planetary-system bodies end up in a continuing stream of material crashing into the resulting white dwarfs, ongoing even as they are observed many millions of years after that occurred?
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45

Pittenger, Christopher, Stephanie Dulawa, and Summer L. Thompson. Animal Models of OCD. Edited by Christopher Pittenger. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190228163.003.0029.

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Obsessive-compulsive disorder and related conditions are characterized by demonstrable alterations in brain function, and aspects of these may, in principle, be recapitulated and studied in animals. However, the relationship between animal models and the clinical syndrome is complex. Many clinical aspects of OCD, especially those that can only be evaluated by subjective report, cannot be assessed in an animal. As a result, some discount the utility of animal modeling of OCD altogether. However, conservation of both genes and brain anatomy across mammalian species supports the opposite perspective, that key aspects of the pathophysiology of OCD and related disorders can be recapitulated in animals, and thus fruitfully studied in model systems. This introductory chapter addresses these issues, seeking to identify both the strengths and the limitations of animal studies as contributors to our understanding of OCD. This discussion provides a framework for the more specific material about particular animal models presented in this section.
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46

Kaplan, Jonathan, and Federico Paredes Umaña. Water, Cacao, and The Early Maya of Chocóla. University Press of Florida, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5744/florida/9780813056746.001.0001.

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Before the authors’ research, Chocolá was no more than an intriguing legend. Chocolá’s apparent political links to the greatest Preclassic southern Maya area polity, Kaminaljuyu, would make any discovery about Chocolá conceivably vital to a better understanding of Maya origins and New World archaeology, as both ancient cities are located in the Southern Maya Region. Two facts led researchers to search more specifically for the material bases for Chocolá’s rise to power: 1) Mesoamerica’s greatest rainfall, 2) cacao groves around the modern village lying atop the ancient city. Cacao was so important to the Maya that, mythologically, the cacao god was the maize god’s brother and uncle of the “Hero Twins,” conceived as the aboriginal creators of the Maya people. If water control systems have been documented archaeologically at virtually all great ancient cities around the world, cacao is uniquely a Maya “invention,” the Maya being the first people in the world to domesticate the plant and cultivate it through intensive agriculture. These two discoveries—impressive water management and cacao at Preclassic Chocolá—likely are not coincidental. A complex, hierarchical society would have been in place for arboriculture of water-thirsty cacao for long-distance ancient trade. Thus, two material substances, one necessary for human survival, the other highly valued throughout Mesoamerica as consumable and essential in Maya mythology, may explain, in part, how this and other Southern Maya “kingdoms of chocolate” may represent a “sweet beginning” for one of the greatest civilizations of the ancient world.
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47

Gazzaniga, Michael S., ed. The Cognitive Neurosciences. 4th ed. The MIT Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.7551/mitpress/8029.001.0001.

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The fourth edition of the work that defines the field of cognitive neuroscience, offering completely new material. Each edition of this classic reference has proved to be a benchmark in the developing field of cognitive neuroscience. The fourth edition of The Cognitive Neurosciences continues to chart new directions in the study of the biologic underpinnings of complex cognition—the relationship between the structural and physiological mechanisms of the nervous system and the psychological reality of the mind. The material in this edition is entirely new, with all chapters written specifically for it. Since the publication of the third edition, the field of cognitive neuroscience has made rapid and dramatic advances; fundamental stances are changing and new ideas are emerging. This edition reflects the vibrancy of the field, with research in development and evolution that finds a dynamic growth pattern becoming specific and fixed, and research in plasticity that sees the neuronal systems always changing; exciting new empirical evidence on attention that also verifies many central tenets of longstanding theories; work that shows the boundaries of the motor system pushed further into cognition; memory research that, paradoxically, provides insight into how humans imagine future events; pioneering theoretical and methodological work in vision; new findings on how genes and experience shape the language faculty; new ideas about how the emotional brain develops and operates; and research on consciousness that ranges from a novel mechanism for how the brain generates the baseline activity necessary to sustain conscious experience to a bold theoretical attempt to make the problem of qualia more tractable.
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48

Zapperi, Stefano. Crackling Noise. Oxford University PressOxford, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192856951.001.0001.

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Abstract Crackling noise refers to an intermittent series of pulses of broadly distributed amplitude and duration that is observed in different contexts from the crumpling of a sheet of paper to the flow of fluids in porous media. Studying crackling noise is interesting because it reflects key microscopic processes inside the material, with each crackle in the noise corresponding to an internal avalanche event. A distinct statistical feature of crackling noise is the presence of power law distributed noise pulses and long-range correlations which are the hallmarks of critical phenomena. Hence, the physics of complex non-equilibrium disordered systems provides the natural theoretical framework to tackle crackling noise. The present book reviews the statistical properties of crackling noise, providing an introduction to the main theoretical concepts needed to interpret them. The book also contains a detailed discussion of several examples of crackling noise in materials, including fracture, plasticity, ferromagnetism, superconductivity, granular flow and fluid flow in porous media. A final chapter discusses the relevance of avalanche behavior for biological systems.
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49

Sutton, Adrian P. Concepts of Materials Science. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192846839.001.0001.

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This short book describes ten fundamental concepts – big ideas – of materials science. Some of them come from mainstream physics and chemistry, including thermodynamic stability and phase diagrams, symmetry, and quantum behaviour. Others are about restless atomic motion and thermal fluctuations, defects in crystalline materials as the agents of change in materials, nanoscience and nanotechnology, materials design and materials discovery, metamaterials, and biological matter as a material. A cornerstone of materials science is the idea that materials are complex systems that interact with their environments and display the emergence of new science from the collective behaviour of atoms and defects. Great attention is paid to the clarity of explanations using only high school algebra and quoting the occasional useful formula. Exceptionally, elementary calculus is used in the chapter on metamaterials. It is not a text-book, but it offers undergraduates and their teachers a unique overview and insight into materials science. It may also help graduates of other subjects to decide whether to study materials science at postgraduate level.
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50

Nitzan, Abraham. Chemical Dynamics in Condensed Phases. Oxford University Press, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198529798.001.0001.

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This text provides a uniform and consistent approach to diversified problems encountered in the study of dynamical processes in condensed phase molecular systems. Given the broad interdisciplinary aspect of this subject, the book focuses on three themes: coverage of needed background material, in-depth introduction of methodologies, and analysis of several key applications. The uniform approach and common language used in all discussions help to develop general understanding and insight on condensed phases chemical dynamics. The applications discussed are among the most fundamental processes that underlie physical, chemical and biological phenomena in complex systems. The first part of the book starts with a general review of basic mathematical and physical methods (Chapter 1) and a few introductory chapters on quantum dynamics (Chapter 2), interaction of radiation and matter (Chapter 3) and basic properties of solids (chapter 4) and liquids (Chapter 5). In the second part the text embarks on a broad coverage of the main methodological approaches. The central role of classical and quantum time correlation functions is emphasized in Chapter 6. The presentation of dynamical phenomena in complex systems as stochastic processes is discussed in Chapters 7 and 8. The basic theory of quantum relaxation phenomena is developed in Chapter 9, and carried on in Chapter 10 which introduces the density operator, its quantum evolution in Liouville space, and the concept of reduced equation of motions. The methodological part concludes with a discussion of linear response theory in Chapter 11, and of the spin-boson model in chapter 12. The third part of the book applies the methodologies introduced earlier to several fundamental processes that underlie much of the dynamical behaviour of condensed phase molecular systems. Vibrational relaxation and vibrational energy transfer (Chapter 13), Barrier crossing and diffusion controlled reactions (Chapter 14), solvation dynamics (Chapter 15), electron transfer in bulk solvents (Chapter 16) and at electrodes/electrolyte and metal/molecule/metal junctions (Chapter 17), and several processes pertaining to molecular spectroscopy in condensed phases (Chapter 18) are the main subjects discussed in this part.
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