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Angeli, Lucrezia, Sebastian Imperiale, Yubin Ding, Matteo Scampicchio, and Ksenia Morozova. "A Novel Stoichio-Kinetic Model for the DPPH• Assay: The Importance of the Side Reaction and Application to Complex Mixtures." Antioxidants 10, no. 7 (June 24, 2021): 1019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox10071019.
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The 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH•) assay is widely used to determine the antioxidant activity of food products and extracts. However, the common DPPH• protocol uses a two-point measurement and does not give information about the kinetics of the reaction. A novel stoichio-kinetic model applied in this study monitors the consumption of DPPH• by common antioxidants following the second order reaction. The fitting of such decay yields the rate constant k1, which describes the main reaction between antioxidants and DPPH•, and the rate constant k2, which is attributed to a slower side reaction considering the products generated between the transient radicals (AO•) and another molecule of DPPH•. The model was first applied to antioxidant standards. Sinapic acid, Trolox and ascorbic and chlorogenic acids did not show any side reaction. Instead gallic, ferulic and caffeic acids achieved the best fitting with k2. The products of the side reaction for these compounds were confirmed and identified with high-resolution mass spectrometry. Finally, the kinetic model was applied to evaluate the antioxidant activity of eight herbal extracts. This study suggests a new kinetic approach to standardize the common DPPH• assay for the determination of antioxidant activity.
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Karakas, Zeynep, Yasin Yilmaz, Dolay Damla Celik, Agageldi Annayev, Selcan Demirel, and Serap Erdem Kuruca. "Total Oxidant and Antioxidant Capacity in Patients with Transfusion Dependent and Nondependent Beta Thalassemia." Blood 126, no. 23 (December 3, 2015): 4573. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v126.23.4573.4573.
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Abstract Background: The patients with β-thalassemia are usually under oxidative stress due to iron overload as a result of ineffective erythropoiesis and repeated transfusions. The endogen (uric acid, indirect bilirubin) and exogenous (ascorbic acid and vitamin E) antioxidants protect the cells from oxidative damage. The evaluation of antioxidant defense system can be easily done by measuring serum total antioxidant capacity. The aim of this study is to investigate the total oxidant (TOC) and antioxidant capacity (TAC) of patients with transfusion dependent (TDT) and nondependent (NTDT) β -thalassemia. Methods: Fifty eight patients (age range 3-59; median age 24 years) with β-thalassemia (16 nontransfusion dependent, 42 transfusion dependent) who were followed-up by Istanbul Medical Faculty Thalassemia Center were enrolled in this study. The sex and age matched 25 healthy subjects were used as control group. The total oxidant and antioxidant capacity were measured by Rel Assay Diagnostics, Total Oxidant Status (TOS) kit and Total Antioxidant Status (TAS) kit. The statistics of results were done by SPSS version 21. Results: 58 patients were included consisting of β thalassemia intermedia (n=16) and β thalassemia major (n=42). The total oxidant capacity was found higher in patients than control group without significant differences. Beside this, the antioxidant capacity of patients was significantly increased (2.75 mmol/l vs 1.94 mmol/l; p=0.001). Within patients group, there was no significant differences in terms of TAC while the TOC level was high in NTDT (2.99 mmol/l vs 1.88 mmol/l; p=0.08). There was no significant relationship between TOC and sex, age (<18 vs >18 years), ferritin and splenectomy status, as the same for TAC. Conclusions: The oxidative damage in patients with β-thalassemia can trigger the morbidity. The measurement of TOC and TAC status stands a useful, rapid, and simple method to evaluate the complex oxidative mechanism of disease. There are still controversial results about antioxidant status in thalassemia patients. The irregular consume of supportive treatment such as zinc, vitamin C, vitamin E and herbal medicine may affect the TOC and TAC status. The results of this study can guide us to use the antioxidants to decrease the oxidative stress. Figure 1. Figure 1. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
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Horyn, O. I., and H. I. Falfushynska. "ЕКСТРАКТ МОМОРДІКИ ПРИГНІЧУЄ ОКИСНИЙ СТРЕС ТА ЗБІЛЬШУЄ ГЕМОЛІТИЧНУ СТІЙКІСТЬ ЕРИТРОЦИТІВ КОРОПА ЗА ВПЛИВУ ГЛЮКОЗИ." Scientific Issue Ternopil Volodymyr Hnatiuk National Pedagogical University. Series: Biology 75, no. 1 (June 23, 2019): 21–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.25128/2078-2357.19.1.3.
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Phytoextracts and natural antioxidants should provide promising results in therapeutic intervention for diabetes mellitus when they include into medical treatment scheme. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of Momordica charantia phytoextract alone and in complex-form with nano zinc oxide as well as zinc compounds on rate of hemolysis and oxidative stress parameters in Cyprinus carpio red blood cells (RBC) after their exposure to high glucose in vitro. The results have shown that the glucose treatment was capable to promote an increase in oxidative damage of lipids and proteins, the break of balance in antioxidant defence and enhance the rate of hemolysis and methylglyoxal concentration. When glucose-treated RBC were probed with M. charantia extract, nZnO- Momordica, nZnO and zinc picolinate specific response to different co-exposures was disclosed. Zinc picolinate in general had no significant effect on the studied parameters with few exceptions, then ZnO nanoparticles made glucose effects more profound. Momordica in herbal extract form and, particularly, in green synthetized ZnO nanoparticle have caused the decrease in lipid and protein peroxidation, glutathione trasferase activity, rate of hemolysis and methylglyoxal, and the increase in catalase and glutathione up to control baseline. These results have pointed to the necessity of further investigations of antihyperglycemic activity of Momordica and mechanistic explanation of its potentials.
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Capodice, Jillian L., Debra L. Bemis, Ralph Buttyan, Steven A. Kaplan, and Aaron E. Katz. "Complementary and Alternative Medicine for Chronic Prostatitis/Chronic Pelvic Pain Syndrome." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2, no. 4 (2005): 495–501. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ecam/neh128.
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To discuss challenges concerning treatment for chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP/CPPS) and review complementary and alternative medical (CAM) therapies being evaluated for this condition, we performed a comprehensive search of articles published from 1990–2005 using the PubMed, Medline databases. Data from the articles were abstracted and pooled by subject. Keywords cross-searched with CP/CPPS included: complementary, alternative, integrative, therapies, interventions, nutrition, antioxidants, herbs, supplements, biofeedback and acupuncture. Listed articles with no abstracts were not included. Various CAM therapies for CP/CPPS exist including biofeedback, acupuncture, hyperthermia and electrostimulation. Additionally, a variety ofin vitroandin vivostudies testing herbal and nutritional supplements were found. Saw palmetto, cernilton and quercetin were the most frequently tested supplements for CP/CPP Although many CAM therapies demonstrate positive preliminary observations as prospective treatments for CP/CPPS, further exploratory studies including more randomized, controlled trials are necessary for significant validation as treatment options for this complex disorder.
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Faria, TC, C. C. H. C. Nascimento, S. D. D. De Vasconcelos, and P. R. S. Stephens. "Literature Review on the Biological Effects of Taraxacum Officinale Plant In Therapy." Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research and Development 7, no. 3 (June 14, 2019): 94–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.22270/ajprd.v7i3.502.
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Since human beings have sought in nature, components that can obtain help in therapeutics or even in the cure of diseases. The progress made in the area of science promoted the development of recognized and effective herbal medicines, as well as the search for the population, for less aggressive treatments. The evaluation of the antioxidant activity of plants has been an important issue taking into account its importance on human health, since the natural antioxidants present a reduced health risk, when compared to the synthetic ones that present toxic effect. From the Asteraceae family, of which the plant species Taraxacum officinale, popularly known as dandelion, stands out among the 71 species on the list of the Ministry of Health (RENISUS), scientifically affirmed, to treat liver disorders, inflammations, potential in the anti-bacterial, cytotoxic, antiviral, antiparasitic, antifungal activity, besides studies to verify its anticancer action and of carcinogenic prevention. The acute toxicity of Taraxacum officinale appears to be low, with LD50 values estimated at 36.8g / kg and 28.8g / kg, for the whole plant. The adverse or complex toxic effects for T. officinale have not yet been reported. This review of the literature was elaborated through studies of articles contained in the Scielo, Google Scholar and Pub Med platforms. Through this review the importance of phytotherapy studies for pharmacological purposes was verified, aiming to improve the therapeutics.
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Chumburidze, Gocha. "The Effectiveness of Preservatives Used in Meat Production." Works of Georgian Technical University, no. 1(519) (March 29, 2021): 11–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.36073/1512-0996-2021-1-11-19.
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In order to store meat products for a long period of time, to maintain their quality and safety, meat producing companies use preservatives and antioxidants, which prove to be quite effective. However, they constitute some threat for the consumer. Various types of preservatives are used in meat processing companies in Georgia: “BOMBAL® ASC Super“, „BAKSOLAN-4”, “Standard Conservative”, “Standard Conservative Plus” and others. All of them represent a complex additive obtained through a chemical synthesis. For example, “BOMBAL ACS SUPER” is a mixture of three chemicalcompounds: Sodium Pyrosulphite (Е223), Sodium Acetate (Е262), and Sodium Citrate (Е331). There is a high probability of causing problems to digestive system, kidneys, and cardiovascular system, as well as allergic reactions when these conservatives get into a human organism. Consequently, it is essential to study the possibilities of much safer herbal conservatives usage. It is well known that many species of plants, such as ginger, rosemary, oregano (Origanum vulgare L), thyme (Thýmus), pennyroyal(Mentha pulegium), garlic and others possess antimicrobial and antioxidant qualities. These plants are wide-spread in a natural habitat in Georgia and are cultivated in the country as well. As it appears, the use of these herbs as conservatives in sausage making as well as other meat products will significantly reduce the risk of disease in customers. We find that a scientific research in this field has a lot of prospect.
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Prajakta N. Dongare, Tejashri B. Kadu, Ashish L. Pohane, Sachin J. Dighade, and Priyadarshani G. Patil. "Review on Pharmacognosy, phytochemistry and pharmacological activity of Taraxacum officinale (Dandelion plant)." World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews 12, no. 2 (November 30, 2021): 212–118. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/wjarr.2021.12.2.0570.
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Taraxacum officinale (dandelion), a member of the Asteraceae family, commonly found in the temperate zone of the Northern hemisphere, is the perennial herb, forming a rosette leaf, golden yellow flowers that bloom year round. Dandelion leaves, roots and flowers is used in many traditional and modern herbal medicinal systems. On phytochemical investigation, Dandelion herb contains one or more vital phytochemical constituents. Similarly Among the most important compounds in dandelion Contains sesquiterpene lactones which is a bitter element, principally contains taraxacin and taraxacerin, which is principally important in mechanism of liver functions related with hepatoprotective action. Besides that result of the phytochemical investigation revealed the presence of sterols, phenolic acids, flavonoids, that have been shown to be associated with numerous pharmacological effects such as Antioxidants, anti immflammatory, antidiabetics, antitumor activity. Along with that the Dandelion leaves are a high efficient source of vitamins and minerals, including beta carotene, non-provitamin A carotenoids, xanthophylls, chlorophyll, vitamins C and D, many of the B-complex vitamins, choline, iron, silicon, magnesium, sodium, potassium, zinc, manganese, copper, and phosphorous which is also useful as a several nutritive action. This review will point out areas for future research of phytochemicals containing Taraxacum officinale where they shows more effective against various ailments and shows recent effective pharmacological activity
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Ray, Arunabha, Kavita Gulati, and Peter Henke. "Stress Gastric Ulcers and Cytoprotective Strategies: Perspectives and Trends." Current Pharmaceutical Design 26, no. 25 (August 4, 2020): 2982–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1381612826666200521143203.
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Stress gastric ulceration is a clinical condition leading to morbidity/mortality and complex etiopathological factors are involved. Pharmacotherapy of such gastric mucosal lesions is not consistent and novel strategies are being explored. Targeting gastrointestinal factors have showed equivocal results and there is a possibility of involvement of extra-gastrointestinal factors. Stress is a highly interactive biological response in which the brain plays a key role. The involvement of brain substrates like the limbic system (amygdala, cortex, hippocampus) and behavioral traits has been investigated and research data has shown that the limbic brain-gut axis may be involved in the regulation of gastric mucosal integrity during stressful situations. The amygdaloid complex, its connections with other limbic structures and their neural networks act in tandem to contribute to both stress ulceration and gastroprotection. Complex neurotransmitter interactions in these areas involving biogenic amines and neuropeptides have been shown to modulate stress ulcerogenesis in experimental models. The immune system and brain-immune interactions also appear to play a decisive role in the genesis of such stress gastric lesions and the possibility of a brain-gut-immune axis has been proposed during stress gastric lesions. More recent studies have shown the involvement of oxidative stress and nitric oxide as well as their interactions during such stress gastric pathology, indicating the possible role of antioxidants and NO modulators as gastroprotective agents for stress ulceration. In view of the complex pathophysiology, multiple targets and lack of consistent therapeutic modalities, newer/alternative hypotheses are constantly emerging, which could be explored for effective treatment strategies aimed at gastric cytoprotection. Herbal agents with adaptogenic properties could be worth exploring in this regard as some of these phytopharmaceutical agents used in traditional medicine have been shown to exhibit gastric cytoprotection as part of their anti-stress profile. Further, their interactions with brain neurotransmitters and immune mechanisms and their relative safety could make them prospective leads for stress ulcer prophylaxis and treatment.
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Hamed, Eman M., Mohamed Hussein Meabed, Usama Farghaly Aly, and Raghda R. S. Hussein. "Recent Progress in Gene Therapy and Other Targeted Therapeutic Approaches for Beta Thalassemia." Current Drug Targets 20, no. 16 (November 13, 2019): 1603–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1389450120666190726155733.
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Beta-thalassemia is a genetic disorder characterized by the impaired synthesis of the betaglobin chain of adult hemoglobin. The disorder has a complex pathophysiology that affects multiple organ systems. The main complications of beta thalassemia are ineffective erythropoiesis, chronic hemolytic anemia and hemosiderosis-induced organ dysfunction. Regular blood transfusions are the main therapy for beta thalassemia major; however, this treatment can cause cardiac and hepatic hemosiderosis – the most common cause of death in these patients. This review focuses on unique future therapeutic interventions for thalassemia that reverse splenomegaly, reduce transfusion frequency, decrease iron toxicity in organs, and correct chronic anemia. The targeted effective protocols include hemoglobin fetal inducers, ineffective erythropoiesis correctors, antioxidants, vitamins, and natural products. Resveratrol is a new herbal therapeutic approach which serves as fetal Hb inducer in beta thalassemia. Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is the only curative therapy for beta thalassemia major and is preferred over iron chelation and blood transfusion for ensuring long life in these patients. Meanwhile, several molecular therapies, such as ActRIIB/IgG1 Fc recombinant protein, have emerged to address complications of beta thalassemia or the adverse effects of current drugs. Regarding gene correction strategies, a phase III trial called HGB-207 (Northstar-2; NCT02906202) is evaluating the efficacy and safety of autologous cell transplantation with LentiGlobin. Advanced gene-editing approaches aim to cut DNA at a targeted site and convert HbF to HbA during infancy, such as the suppression of BCL11A (B cell lymphoma 11A), HPFH (hereditary persistence of fetal hemoglobin) and zinc-finger nucleases. Gene therapy is progressing rapidly, with multiple clinical trials being conducted in many countries and the promise of commercial products to be available in the near future.
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Kulkarni, Nikhilesh, Jayshree Narwade, Rachana Pachori, and Prithviraj Sadar. "Microbial quality of herbal juices sold at sport complex in Washim." International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences 5, no. 11 (October 27, 2017): 4946. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20174950.
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Background: Herbal juices are gaining global attention due to their medicinal properties, nutritive and antioxidant activity. They are frequently consumed by the people of all age groups in the form of health drinks. However, many outbreaks of human infections have been reported to be associated with the consumption of contaminated herbal juices. Hence, microbial quality assessment of herbal juices is utmost important.Methods: The present study was undertaken to detect the existence of enteric pathogens as well as coliforms in the herbal juices sold at sport complex in Washim city area. The antimicrobial susceptibility testing was also performed to evaluate the MDR status of the isolates.Results: The results showed that most of the herbal juices are contaminated with Salmonella, Shigella and Coliforms. The pathogens were found to be multiple drug resistant strains which pose an alarming threat for the consumers.Conclusions: Regular monitoring of the quality of herbal juices for human consumption is recommended to avoid disease outbreak.
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LUPANOVA, Irina A., Praskovya G. MIZINA, Nikolay I. SIDELNIKOV, and Alexander S. GULENKOV. "SPECIFIC ACTIVITY OF BIOLOGICALLY ACTIVE COMPLEX IN LIQUID HERBAL DRUG EXTRACTS, STUDIED UNDER DIFFERENT DRYING CONDITIONS." Periódico Tchê Química 16, no. 31 (January 20, 2019): 484–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.52571/ptq.v16.n31.2020.490_periodico31_pgs_484_490.pdf.
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The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of different methods of extraction solvents removal from liquid herbal drugs extracts on their pharmacological activity (immunomodulating, adaptogene, antioxidant and antibacterial). The authors used specific enzyme biotest systems in vitro based on key enzymes of antioxidant protection system - glutathione reductase and catalase, as well as on limiting enzyme of phagocytosis terminal phase – NADPH-oxidase, that allow the researchers to identify adaptogene, antioxidant, antibacterial and immunomodulating BAS activity and to estimate possible alterations in bioactivity of the studied objects. The obtained results showed that the drying temperature of liquid combined herbal drugs extracts does not influence significantly on its BAS complex bioactivity. Extract samples, dried at different temperatures, have immunomodulating and antibacterial activity. Best results were shown by the two samples: 1) dried at t=60 ± 1°С without vacuum application, and 2) preliminary adsorbed on the mix of powder like excipients isomalt GalenIQ® and Aeroperl® 300 Pharma, and then dried at room temperature. The materials of this article can be useful for specialists in pharmaceutical technology, biochemistry, and pharmacology. The obtained results contribute to the development of new advanced drug formulations based on BAS of herbal drugs extracts.
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Kim, Dae-Hyung, Nak-Yun Sung, Jeong-Soo Kim, Jae-Hun Kim, Yeoung-Jung Hwang, and Ju-Woon Lee. "Alcohol metabolizing and antioxidant activities of complex herbal extracts from medicinal plants." Food Science and Biotechnology 20, no. 5 (October 31, 2011): 1337–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10068-011-0184-5.
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Studzińska-Sroka, Elżbieta, Agnieszka Galanty, Anna Gościniak, Mateusz Wieczorek, Magdalena Kłaput, Marlena Dudek-Makuch, and Judyta Cielecka-Piontek. "Herbal Infusions as a Valuable Functional Food." Nutrients 13, no. 11 (November 12, 2021): 4051. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13114051.
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Herbal infusions are an underestimated and easy to intake a source of biologically active natural compounds (polyphenols), which, in the dissolved form, are more easily absorbed. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the potential of herbal infusions as a functional food to reduce postprandial hyperglycemia (inhibition of α-amylase and α-glucosidase) and to reduce the effects of increased blood glucose level (antioxidant effect-DPPH, CUPRAC, and Fe2+ chelating assays, as well as anti-inflammatory activity-inhibition of collagenase). We showed that polyphenols are present in the examined aqueous herbal infusions (including chlorogenic and gallic acids). Subsequently, our research has shown that herbal infusions containing cinnamon bark, mulberry leaves, and blackberry fruits most strongly inhibit glucose release from complex carbohydrates, and that all herbal infusions can, to different degrees, reduce the effects of elevated blood sugar. In conclusion, infusions prepared from herbal blends could be recommended to prevent type II diabetes.
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Sharma, Ramesh K., Maria Micali, Alessandra Pellerito, Anna Santangelo, Sofia Natalello, Rita Tulumello, and Rajeev K. Singla. "Studies on the Determination of Antioxidant Activity and Phenolic Content of Plant Products in India (2000–2017)." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 102, no. 5 (September 1, 2019): 1407–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/102.5.1407.
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Abstract Background: Ayurveda, the traditional Indian therapeutic system, involves herbs and spices as drug ingredients and a kind of food intake regulation. The health and curative aspects of plant products are often ascribed to their antimicrobial and antioxidant activities (AA). However, it seems somewhat possible to correlate the AA of herbal extracts or plant isolates with their phenolic contents (PC). Objective: Indian researchers have carried out some tests for the determination of AA and PC of plant products that are worth mentioning. Methods: Among the herbal analysis techniques, the important contributions of Indians and people of Indian origin in this field include the remarkable separation of phenolic compounds, including the use of reversed-phase columns, on-line HPLC, the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay to effectively screen and identify antioxidant compounds from herbal extracts, and other chromatographic, spectrographic, and spectroscopic techniques, in the analysis of complex biological matrices. Results: The aim of this paper is to present an overview of such arguments with reference to herbal drugs and food intake regulation for specific ailments. Conclusions: The lack of uniformity in the use of test protocols for antioxidant assays (particularly using the DPPH free radical) and differences in in vitro mechanisms of antiradical activity and in vivo metabolism of polyphenols have been the issues associated with these experiments that have been raised by researchers in the period from 2000 onward.
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Gyawali, Rajendra, Nira Paudel, Sahana Shrestha, and Ashok Silwal. "Formulation and Evaluation of Antibacterial and Antioxidant Polyherbal Lotion." Journal of Institute of Science and Technology 21, no. 1 (November 24, 2016): 148–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jist.v21i1.16067.
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There is increased scientific evidence that plants possess a vast and complex arsenal of active ingredients which have the ability to calm or smooth the skin as well as restore actively, heal and protect the skin. The present work deals with the development and evaluation of the poly herbal lotion containing Trigonella foenum-graecum, Citrus lemon, Matricaria chamomilla and Cymbopogon citrates. Different types of formulations oil in water (O/W) herbal lotions namely F1 to F13 were formulated by incorporating different concentrations of stearic acid and Triethanolamine. Formulation of Triethanolamine and stearic acid was optimized as 2.52:9.35. The prepared lotion was evaluated for its antimicrobial, antioxidant and pharmaceutical parameters. The lotion formulation showed no redness, edema, inflammation and irritation during sensitivity test indication that it is safe to use. Stability studies of the lotion showed that the lotion was stable after three months.Journal of Institute of Science and TechnologyVolume 21, Issue 1, August 2016, Page: 148-156
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Kalita, Bhupen, and Bhargab Nath Patwary. "Formulation and in vitro Evaluation of Hesperidin-Phospholipid Complex and its Antioxidant Potential." Current Drug Therapy 15, no. 1 (January 14, 2020): 28–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1574885514666190226155933.
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Background: The recent trend of herbal drug delivery has been focused on developing novel drug delivery carriers to address problems related to solubility, oral bioavailability, skin permeation and stability. The phyto-phospholipid complex (phytosomes®) technology has been used to overcome the problems associated with many conventional herbal extracts. Aim: The present work aimed to formulate phospholipid-complex of the flavanoid Hesperidin to enhance its dissolution leading to enhanced oral bioavailability. Method: The complex was prepared by refluxing various molar ratios of hesperidin and PC followed by solvent evaporation. The prepared complexes were evaluated for saturation solubility, partition co-efficient and drug content. The free drug and phospholipid complexes were analyzed in DSC. Surface morphology of the prepared complexes was viewed using SEM images. Selected formulations were subjected to in vitro drug release study. Antioxidant effect was examined by free radical scavenging method. Results: Solubility and partition coefficient of the prepared complexes were improved in comparison to free drug. Based on the results of solubility, partition coefficient and drug content, formulation F2 was selected as an optimized batch. DSC thermograms confirmed the formation of phospholipid complex. Free Hesperidin and Hesperidin-phospholipid complex (F2) showed 46.9 % and 78.20 % of drug release, respectively, at seven hours phosphate buffer (pH 7.4). The optimized formulation showed concentration-dependent anti-oxidant property. Conclusion: Results of the present study suggested that the phospholipid complex of Hesperidin possesses the antioxidant potential and may be of potential use for improving the dissolution of hesperidin and hence oral bioavailability.
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Hutasoit, Hostalige, Dionysius Joseph Djoko, Sutiman Sumitro, and Simon Bambang Widjanarko. "Complex Compound with Transitional Metal of Akway Bark (Drimys piperita Hook F.) as Low Molecular Weight Scavenging Antioxidant: A Computational Study." Journal of Tropical Life Science 11, no. 3 (September 30, 2021): 267–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.11594/jtls.11.03.02.
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Akway (Drimys piperita Hook f.) was known as an endogenous plant of Indonesia. This plant was investigated as free radical scavenger based on paramagnetic properties. This study aimed to identify the bioactive compound and the role of Fe metals ions to enhance the free radical scavenger capacity as Low molecular weight antioxidant (LWMA) of akway. This study was designed by ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) coupled with ultra-high-resolution time of flight-mass spectrometry detector (TOF-MS), docking (Pyrex and Discovery Studio 2016 Client) and pharmacokinetic properties prediction (SwissADME). UPLC-TOF-MS analysis showed that herbal akway bark has five molecular formula (C4H3N10O21-, C14H19N4O91-, C4H7N6O51-, C15H28NO31+, and C23H32NO71+). The docking was illustrated the complex binding akway formula with Fe and its role as a metal donor and metal acceptor. It also confirmed on pharmacokinetics properties prediction which molecular compounds of akway have aqueous solubility. It meant the herbal akway bark complexed to Fe could be a low molecular weight antioxidant and it could be escalated free radical scavenger capacity
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Bradūnaitė, Rūta, Laima Leonavičienė, Laimis Akramas, Audrius Vasiliauskas, Irena Dumalakienė, Rita Vilienė, Irena Jonauskienė, Zygmunt Mackiewicz, and Miglė Leonavičiūtė - Klimantavičienė. "The effect of complex herbal extract and methotrexate on suppressing adjuvant arthritis in rats." Veterinarski arhiv 91, no. 4 (September 15, 2021): 411–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.24099/vet.arhiv.0973.
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The present study evaluated the therapeutic benefits of complex herbal preparation named CBMDS, consisting of turmeric (Curcuma longa), Boswellia (Boswellia serrata), Methylsulphonylmethane, Devil’s Claw (Harpagophytum procumbens) and Silymarin, using it in combination with methotrexate, in order to suppress adjuvant arthritis in rats, and to attenuate methotrexate-induced liver damage. Adjuvant arthritis was induced in 28 rats by a single subplantar injection of complete Freund’s adjuvant (0.1 mL) into the left hind paw. The animals were divided into four groups (with seven animals in each). Group I received CBMDS, Group II - CBMDS in combination with methotrexate, and Group III just methotrexate. The treatment lasted from day 0 to day 17 (CBMDS was given daily except weekends in a dose of 160 mg/kg, methotrexate - 2 mg/kg once a week). Group IV was the control group. Clinical (body weight, hind paw volume, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, leukocyte count), biochemical (serum pro-/antioxidant activity markers), immunological (serum interleukin levels) and histological changes in joint and liver tissues were evaluated. CBMDS significantly alleviated arthritis and reduced hepatic damage, which was more evident in the methotrexate group. The combined treatment also markedly reduced arthritic symptoms and levels of malondialdehyde. Antioxidant activity was significantly higher in treated Groups I and II. CBMDS and its combination with methotrexate promoted anti-arthritic action, reduced histological changes in the joint tissues, and minimized methotrexate-induced liver toxicity.
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Shen, Jie, Kai Yang, Caihua Sun, and Minxia Zheng. "Analysis of Active Components in Salvia Miltiorrhiza Injection Based on Vascular Endothelial Cell Protection." Acta Pharmaceutica 64, no. 3 (September 1, 2014): 325–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/acph-2014-0027.
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Abstract Correlation analysis based on chromatograms and pharmacological activities is essential for understanding the effective components in complex herbal medicines. In this report, HPLC and measurement of antioxidant properties were used to describe the active ingredients of Salvia miltiorrhiza injection (SMI). HPLC results showed that tanshinol, protocatechuic aldehyde, rosmarinic acid, salvianolic acid B, protocatechuic acid and their metabolites in rat serum may contribute to the efficacy of SMI. Assessment of antioxidant properties indicated that differences in the composition of serum powder of SMI caused differences in vascular endothelial cell protection. When bivariate correlation was carried out it was found that salvianolic acid B, tanshinol and protocatechuic aldehyde were active components of SMI because they were correlated to antioxidant properties.
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Quijano-Avilés, Maria, Ivan Chóez-Guaranda, Rafael Viteri, Ana Barragán-Lucas, Daynet Sosa, and Patricia Manzano. "Effect of Cocoa Bean Shell Addition on Metabolite Profile and Antioxidant Activity of Herbal Infusions." International Journal of Food Science 2021 (May 6, 2021): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/9915797.
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Cocoa bean shell (CBS) is a by-product with aromatic characteristics that can enhance the aroma and bioactivity of herbal infusions. This study was aimed to determine the effect of the addition of cocoa bean shell on the metabolite profile and antioxidant activity of infusions made with Ilex guayusa and Vernonanthura patens and their mixtures. Metabolite profile was analyzed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry combined with multivariate analysis. Total polyphenol content and flavonoids were determined by the Folin-Ciocalteu method and by the flavonoid-AlCl3 complex, respectively. Antioxidant activities were measured by the decolorization assay of the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical and the ferric reducing antioxidant power. The results revealed that the addition of CBS increases the content of phenolic acids in the infusions (caffeic acid, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, and pyrocatechol). Nonetheless, the antioxidant activity of the infusions decreased with the addition of CBS (16.21 to 2.74 TEAC). Carboxylic acids and derivatives, major compounds present in the infusions prepared with V. patens, were the metabolites that showed the highest correlation with the antioxidant activity. This study suggests that the infusions made with CBS present a profile of metabolites different from the infusions of I. guayusa, V. patens, and their mixtures.
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Ma, Zheng Feei, Hongxia Zhang, Sue Siang Teh, Chee Woon Wang, Yutong Zhang, Frank Hayford, Liuyi Wang, et al. "Goji Berries as a Potential Natural Antioxidant Medicine: An Insight into Their Molecular Mechanisms of Action." Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity 2019 (January 9, 2019): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/2437397.
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Goji berries (Lycium fruits) are usually found in Asia, particularly in northwest regions of China. Traditionally, dried goji berries are cooked before they are consumed. They are commonly used in Chinese soups and as herbal tea. Moreover, goji berries are used for the production of tincture, wine, and juice. Goji berries are high antioxidant potential fruits which alleviate oxidative stress to confer many health protective benefits such as preventing free radicals from damaging DNA, lipids, and proteins. Therefore, the aim of the review was to focus on the bioactive compounds and pharmacological properties of goji berries including their molecular mechanisms of action. The health benefits of goji berries include enhancing hemopoiesis, antiradiation, antiaging, anticancer, improvement of immunity, and antioxidation. There is a better protection through synergistic and additive effects in fruits and herbal products from a complex mixture of phytochemicals when compared to one single phytochemical.
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Alam, Sanjar, Deepti Katiyar, Richa Goel, Amita Vats, and Ashu Mittal. "Role of herbals in cancer management." Journal of Phytopharmacology 2, no. 6 (December 25, 2013): 46–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.31254/phyto.2013.2608.
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Herbal medicines have a vital role in the prevention and treatment of cancer. A great deal of pharmaceutical research done in technologically advanced countries like USA, Germany, France, Japan and China has considerably improved quality of the herbal medicines used in the treatment of cancer. With advanced knowledge of molecular science and refinement in isolation & structure elucidation techniques, we are in a much better position to identify various anticancer herbs and develop the remedy that might cure cancer. The therapeutic effect of anticancer herbs is executed by inhibiting cancer-activating enzymes, stimulating DNA repair mechanism, promoting production of protective enzymes, inducing antioxidant action and by enhancing activity of the immune cells. Some herbs protect the body from cancer by enhancing detoxification functions of the body. Certain biological response modifiers derived from herbs are known to inhibit growth of cancer by modulating the activity of specific hormones and enzymes. Some herbs reduce toxic side effects of chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Scientists all over the world are concentrating on the herbal medicines to boost immune cells of the body against cancer. By understanding the complex synergistic interaction of various constituents of anticancer herbs, the herbal formulations can be designed to attack the cancerous cells without harming normal cells of the body.
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Korkmazov, M. Yu, A. V. Solodovnik, A. M. Korkmazov, and M. A. Lengina. "Prospects for using herbal preparation in combination with physical methods in complex therapy of chronic adenoiditis." Meditsinskiy sovet = Medical Council, no. 18 (December 1, 2021): 19–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.21518/2079-701x-2021-18-19-27.
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Introduction. Importance of the search effective methods of treating chronic adenoiditis in children is associated with a high incidence and risk of developing complications. Treatment of chronic adenoiditis are described in the literature, but the advantages of any of them are inconclusive, which leads to the search for additional more progressive methods.Objective. To increase the effectiveness of the treatment of chronic adenoiditis using complex therapy of non-drug methods in combination with the herbal preparation Tonsilgon N.Materials and methods. Biochemical changes in lymphoid tissue were studied on biopsy material in 111 children with chronic adenoiditis, grade 3 adenoid hypertrophy, directed to planned surgical treatment. In the preoperative period, patients were divided into 4 groups: Group 1-control group, patients who received conventional methods of treatment; 2-study group, patients who additionally used low-frequency ultrasound irrigation of the nasal cavity and nasopharynx with photochromotherapy; The third group, patients who received the herbal preparation tonsilgon N (drops) as preoperative therapy; The fourth group study underwent low-frequency ultrasound irrigation of the nasal cavity and nasopharynx in combination with photochromotherapy and took the drug Tonsilgon N in an age-related dosage.Results and discussion. When comparing the results of biochemical studies, an increase in the products of lipid peroxidation was noted in patients of the first group, which was regarded as a factor in the protracted course of the disease. The use of targeted phytoniring drugs in combination with low-frequency ultrasonic cavitation and photochromotherapy in complex therapy significantly modulates the processes of lipid peroxidation and can potentiate the antioxidant protection of cells.Conclusion. Objective data were obtained for the first time on biochemical changes in lymphoid tissue for various methods of therapy indicate the prospects of using non-drug methods in combination with a herbal preparation in the complex therapy of chronic adenoiditis.
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Alagawany, Mahmoud, Shaaban S. Elnesr, Mayada R. Farag, Mohamed E. Abd El-Hack, Asmaa F. Khafaga, Ayman E. Taha, Ruchi Tiwari, et al. "Use of Licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra) Herb as a Feed Additive in Poultry: Current Knowledge and Prospects." Animals 9, no. 8 (August 7, 2019): 536. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani9080536.
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Supplementation of livestock and poultry diets with herbal plants containing bioactive components have shown promising reports as natural feed supplements. These additives are able to promote growth performance and improve feed efficiency, nutrient digestion, antioxidant status, immunological indices, and poultry health. Several studies have used complex herbal formulas with the partial inclusion of licorice. However, the individual use of licorice has been rarely reported. The major problem of the poultry industry is the epidemiological diseases, mainly confined to the respiratory, digestive, and immune systems. Licorice has certain bioactive components such as flavonoids and glycyrrhizin. The roots of this herb contain 1 to 9% glycyrrhizin, which has many pharmacological properties such as antioxidant, antiviral, anti-infective and anti-inflammatory properties. Licorice extracts (LE) have a positive effect on the treatment of high-prevalence diseases such as the immune system, liver, and lung diseases. Studies showed that adding LE to drinking water (0.1, 0.2, or 0.3 g/L) reduced serum total cholesterol (p < 0.05) of broiler chickens. Moreover, LE supplementation in poultry diets plays a significant role in their productive performance by enhancing organ development and stimulating digestion and appetite. Along with its growth-promoting effects, licorice has detoxifying, antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and other health benefits in poultry. This review describes the beneficial applications and recent aspects of the Glycyrrhiza glabra (licorice) herb, including its chemical composition and role in safeguarding poultry health.
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Sansone, Francesca, Tiziana Esposito, Maria Lauro, Patrizia Picerno, Teresa Mencherini, Franco Gasparri, Stefania De Santis, Marcello Chieppa, Claudia Cirillo, and Rita Aquino. "Application of Spray Drying Particle Engineering to a High-Functionality/Low-Solubility Milk Thistle Extract: Powders Production and Characterization." Molecules 23, no. 7 (July 14, 2018): 1716. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules23071716.
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Many natural compounds having antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity are a potential target for new therapies against chronic inflammatory syndromes. The oral administration of functional herbal supplements may become a prevention strategy or therapy adjuvant for susceptible patients. A case study is our milk thistle (Silybum marianum) extract rich in silymarin complex. A water-soluble microencapsulated powder system was developed by a spray drying technique to improve the poor silymarin bioactivity after oral administration. Sodium carboxymethylcellulose (NaCMC) was employed as coating/swelling polymer matrix and sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) as the surfactant (1:1:0.05 w/w/w). A H2O/EtOH/acetone (50/15/35 v/v/v) solvent system was used as liquid feed. The microsystems were capable of improving the in vitro dissolution and permeation rates, suggesting an enhancement of bioactivity after oral administration. The microsystems protect the antioxidant activity of silymarin after harsh storage conditions period and do not affect the anti-inflammatory properties of the raw extract (efficient already at lower concentrations of 0.312 mg/mL) to reduce dendritic cells (DCs) inflammatory cytokine secretion after lipopolysaccharide administration. This approach allows managing particle size, surface properties and release of bioactive agents improving the bioactivity of a herbal supplement and is also possibly applicable to many other similar natural products.
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Mehla, Jogender, Pooja Gupta, Monika Pahuja, Deepti Diwan, and Diksha Diksha. "Indian Medicinal Herbs and Formulations for Alzheimer’s Disease, from Traditional Knowledge to Scientific Assessment." Brain Sciences 10, no. 12 (December 10, 2020): 964. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci10120964.
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Cognitive impairment, associated with ageing, stress, hypertension and various neurodegenerative disorders including Parkinson’s disease and epilepsy, is a major health issue. The present review focuses on Alzheimer’s disease (AD), since it is the most important cause of cognitive impairment. It is characterized by progressive memory loss, language deficits, depression, agitation, mood disturbances and psychosis. Although the hallmarks of AD are cholinergic dysfunction, β-amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangle formation, it is also associated with derangement of other neurotransmitters, elevated levels of advanced glycation end products, oxidative damage, neuroinflammation, genetic and environmental factors. On one hand, this complex etiopathology makes a response to commonly used drugs such as donepezil, rivastigmine, galantamine and memantine less predictable and often unsatisfactory. On the other hand, it supports the use of herbal medicines due to their nonspecific antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity and specific cholinesterase inhibitory activity. The popularity of herbal medicines is also increasing due to their perceived effectiveness, safety and affordability. In the present article, the experimental and clinical evidence have been reviewed for various Indian herbal medicines such as Centella asiatica, Bacopa monnieri, Curcuma longa, Clitoria ternatea, Withania somnifera, Celastrus paniculatus, Evolvulus alsinoides, Desmodium gangeticum, Eclipta alba, Moringa oleifera and Convolvulus pluricaulis, which have shown potential in cognitive impairment. Some commonly available herbal formulations for memory impairment in India have also been reviewed.
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Jung, Woo-Sang, Seungwon Kwon, Seung-Yeon Cho, Seong-Uk Park, Sang-Kwan Moon, Jung-Mi Park, Chang-Nam Ko, and Ki-Ho Cho. "The Effects ofChunghyul-Dan(A Korean Medicine Herbal Complex) on Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases: A Narrative Review." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2016 (2016): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/2601740.
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Chunghyul-dan(CHD) is a herbal complex containing 80% ethanol extract and is composed ofScutellariae Radix,Coptidis Rhizoma,Phellodendri Cortex,Gardeniae Fructus, andRhei Rhizoma. We have published several experimental and clinical research articles on CHD. It has shown antilipidemic, antihypertensive, antiatherosclerotic, and inhibitory effects on ischemic stroke recurrence with clinical safety in the previous studies. The antilipidemic effect of CHD results from 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase and pancreatic lipase-inhibitory activity. The antihypertensive effect likely results from the inhibitory effect on endogenous catecholamine(s) release and harmonization of all components showing the antihypertensive effects. Furthermore, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects on endothelial cells are implicated to dictate the antiatherosclerotic effects of CHD. It also showed neuroprotective effects on cerebrovascular and parkinsonian models. These effects of CHD could be helpful for the prevention of the recurrence of ischemic stroke. Therefore, we suggest that CHD could be a promising medication for treating and preventing cerebrovascular and cardiovascular diseases. However, to validate and better understand these findings, well-designed clinical studies are required.
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Tungmunnithum, Duangjai, Samantha Drouet, Laurine Garros, Jose Manuel Lorenzo, and Christophe Hano. "Flavonoid Profiles and Antioxidant Potential of Monochoria angustifolia (G. X. Wang) Boonkerd & Tungmunnithum, a New Species from the Genus Monochoria C. Presl." Antioxidants 11, no. 5 (May 12, 2022): 952. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox11050952.
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Plants of the genus Monochoria have long been utilized in food, cosmetics, and traditional herbal treatments. Thailand has the highest species diversity of this genus and a new member, Monochoria angustifolia (G. X. Wang) Boonkerd & Tungmunnithum has been recently described. This plant is called “Siam Violet Pearl” as a common name or “Khimuk Si Muang Haeng Siam” as its vernacular name with the same meaning in the Thai language. Despite their importance, little research on Monochoria species has been conducted. This study, thus, provides the results to fill in this gap by: (i) determining flavonoid phytochemical profiles of 25 natural populations of M. angustifolia covering the whole floristic regions in Thailand, and (ii) determining antioxidant activity using various antioxidant assays to investigate probable mechanisms. The results revealed that M. angustifolia presents a higher flavonoid content than the outgroup, M. hastata. Our results also revealed that flavonoids might be used to investigate Monochoria evolutionary connections and for botanical authentication. The various antioxidant assays revealed that M. angustifolia extracts preferentially act through a hydrogen atom transfer antioxidant mechanism. Pearson correlation analysis indicated significant correlations, emphasizing that the antioxidant capacity is most probably due to the complex action of several phytochemicals rather than that of a single molecule. Together, these results showed that this new species provide an attractive alternative starting material with phytochemical variety and antioxidant potential for the phytopharmaceutical industry.
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Zhao, Li-Juan, Song-Lin Yang, Wen Jin, Hui-Wen Yang, Fei-Yang Li, Shao-Ming Chi, Hong-You Zhu, Ze Lei, and Yan Zhao. "Host-Guest Inclusion Systems of Morin Hydrate and Quercetin with Two Bis(β-cyclodextrin)s: Preparation, Characterization, and Antioxidant Activity." Australian Journal of Chemistry 72, no. 6 (2019): 440. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ch18580.
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The inclusion complexation behaviour of morin hydrate (MH) and quercetin (QCT) with the two amide-bridged bis(β-cyclodextrin (β-CD))s, 1 and 2, was investigated in both solution and the solid state. The inclusion complexations were characterised by proton nuclear magnetic resonance, 2D rotating-frame Overhauser effect spectroscopy, X-ray powder diffraction, infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Ultraviolet titration analysis indicated that 1 and 2 form 1:1 molar stoichiometry inclusion complexes with MH and QCT, and the data obtained showed that 2 with two guests has a higher complex stability constant (KS) when compared with that of 1. Moreover, 1 and 2 were able to solubilize MH and QCT to high levels, up to ~200-fold. Furthermore, the antioxidant activity of MH, QCT and their inclusion compounds were determined by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging. Together, these results showed that the inclusion complexes exhibited a more effective antioxidant activity when compared with free MH. The satisfactory antioxidant activity and high water solubility of the bis(β-CD)s/flavonoid complexes may have potential use as healthcare products and herbal medicine.
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Korochinsky, A. V., Ja V. Daironas, V. V. Vernikovsky, I. N. Zilfikarov, E. F. Stepanova, and M. V. Chernikov. "Actual Aspects of Medical Application of Black Nut – Juglans Nigra L. (Review)." Drug development & registration 8, no. 3 (September 5, 2019): 21–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.33380/2305-2066-2019-8-3-21-28.
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Introduction. Herbal drugs of black walnut (Juglans nigra L.) are not registered on the territory of the Russian Federation at the present time. However, the State Register of Medicinal Products includes an extract of unripe fruits of a related species walnut (Juglans regia L.) «Yuglanex» (made in Russia) and the complex herbal drug «Tonsilgon» (made in Germany). A number of biologically active food supplements from black walnut raw materials have been registered by Russian Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing. They are an additional source of phenolic compounds as tannins and flavonoids. The purpose of the article is to study and systematize up-to-date information on the chemical composition of the medicinal plant raw material of black walnut and the pharmacological properties of its main biologically active compounds.Text. All parts of the black walnut are used in the ethnomedicine of the indigenous population of North America according to indications similar to the walnut in Asia and the Manchurian nut in the Far East: snake bites, fever and disorders of the gastrointestinal tract.The chemical composition of the medicinal plant raw material of black walnut is dencently walnut by its qualitative composition. Fruits, bark and leaves of black walnut contain a rich polyphenol complex (naphthoquinones, in particular, juglon and its derivatives, tannins, flavonoids, phenolic acids), vitamins, essential oil, organic acids. However, the quantitative analysis revealed a higher content of biologically active substances in the raw black walnut, especially in relation to polyphenolic compounds.The scientific literature describes the results of experiments on animals, confirming antioxidant, antimicrobial, antifungal, antiviral, antiparasitic, hypoglycemic, antispasmodic, and anti-tumor effect on certain cell lines.Conclusion. As a result of studying the literature and systematizing the current information on the chemical composition of the medicinal plant raw material of the black nut and the pharmacological properties of its main biologically active compounds, it has been established that the main properties are related to the presence of the phenol complex. However, a deeper study of the chemical composition is required. Both the total extracts of the black walnut from plant raw materials and individual compounds show predominantly antimicrobial, antifungal, antioxidant, antiviral, hypotensive, immunomodulatory, antitumor and antispasmodic activities in preclinical trials.
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Lu, Guanyu, Zhuoting Liu, Xu Wang, and Chunling Wang. "Recent Advances in Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer as a Herb for Anti-Fatigue: An Effects and Mechanisms Review." Foods 10, no. 5 (May 10, 2021): 1030. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods10051030.
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As an ancient Chinese herbal medicine, Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer (P. ginseng) has been used both as food and medicine for nutrient supplements and treatment of human diseases in China for years. Fatigue, as a complex and multi-cause symptom, harms life from all sides. Millions worldwide suffer from fatigue, mainly caused by physical labor, mental stress, and chronic diseases. Multiple medicines, especially P. ginseng, were used for many patients or sub-healthy people who suffer from fatigue as a treatment or healthcare product. This review covers the extract and major components of P. ginseng with the function of anti-fatigue and summarizes the anti-fatigue effect of P. ginseng for different types of fatigue in animal models and clinical studies. In addition, the anti-fatigue mechanism of P. ginseng associated with enhancing energy metabolism, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity is discussed.
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Trembach, O. I., and N. V. Khokhlenkova. "The theoretical substantiation of the composition of a wound-healing ointment with active components of plant origin." News of Pharmacy 103, no. 1 (February 7, 2022): 48–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.24959/nphj.22.81.
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Aim. To theoretically substantiate the composition of a wound healing ointment with active substances of plant origin for the therapy in the second and third phases of the wound process. Materials and methods. The study object was the generalization and analysis of scientific literature data on the use of medicinal plants in the treatment of the wound process. Results and discussion. Based on the analysis of scientific literature data on the chemical composition and pharmacological properties of medicinal plants used in the treatment of the wound process, the expediency of using the lipophilic extract of marigold flowers, amaranth oil, fennel essential oil as active ingredients in the wound healing ointment has been substantiated. Marigold flowers due to the presence of a large number of carotenoids and flavonoidswill provide a high level of the antimicrobial, reparative action of the ointment. Due to the content of complex biologically active compounds, such as tocopherols, polyunsaturated fatty acids, vitamins, phytosterols and squalene, the amaranth oil has a pronounced antioxidant activity. The components that are part of the essential oil of fennel contributeto the connective tissue growth and the skin restoration, as well as provide a high level of the antifungal action. Conclusions. The analysis of scientific literature data has shown the possibility of using herbal medicines in the treatment of the wound process. The greatest advantage of herbal medicines is the high degree of assimilation of molecules of biologically active substances, which are part of natural compounds as the most physiological form, by skin cells. The expediency of using the lipophilic extract of marigold, amaranth oil and fennel essential oil when developing a wound-healing ointment has been proven. The composition selected will provide the predicted antibacterial, antifungal, antioxidant and reparative effect of the ointment, reduce the likelihood of resistance in pathogenic microorganisms, and accelerate granulation and epithelialization of tissues.
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Kim, Ji Hoon, Eun Ju Jung, Yun Jung Lee, Chul Young Kim, and Je-Seung Jeon. "Application of Linear Gradient Solvent System in Centrifugal Partition Chromatography Facilitating Bioassay-Guided Fractionation of Yongdamsagan-Tang, Traditional Oriental Decoction." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2021 (October 31, 2021): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/7552169.
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As important pharmaceutical resources, traditional herbal medicines retain continuous attention. To do that, isolation and identification of bioactive molecules from traditional herbal decoction are important. However, conventional fractionation through octadecyl silica column faces irreversible sample adsorption that causes a bias in bioactivity assessment. However, liquid-liquid chromatographic system suffers tedious K value calculation as well as insufficient capacity in separation power when crude extract composed of widely ranging polarities. Here, we developed a comprehensive linear gradient solvent system for centrifugal partition chromatography (CPC) to aid bioassay-guided isolation. The lower aqueous phase of the n-hexane-acetonitrile-water (10:2:8, v/v) was used as the stationary, whereas its upper organic phase followed by the upper phase of ethyl acetate-acetonitrile-water and water-saturated n-butanol-acetonitrile-water in the same ratio were eluted in a linear gradient mode, thereby increasing polarity in the mobile phase. The HPLC profiling of CPC fraction showed that proposed gradient CPC was suitable to separate metabolites from Yongdamsagan-Tang, a traditional medicinal decoction made of ten herbal plants. Exhibiting a high recovery yield of 98.3%, antioxidant response element (ARE) luciferase-inducing assay in HepG2 cells indicated that the fractions composed of baicalein and wogonin, the marker natural products of Scutellaria baicalensis, were to be the most effective molecules from Yongdamsagan-Tang. The presented results demonstrated that bioassay-guided separation that assisted with a linear gradient CPC is an incomparable alternative to HPLC and biphasic CPC in terms of higher yield rate and redundant K value calculation, respectively, which led to an unbiased/time-saving separation and identification of bioactive molecules from the complex crude extract of natural products.
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Tungmunnithum, Duangjai, Samantha Drouet, and Christophe Hano. "Phytochemical Diversity and Antioxidant Potential of Natural Populations of Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn. throughout the Floristic Regions in Thailand." Molecules 27, no. 3 (January 20, 2022): 681. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules27030681.
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Asian lotus has long been consumed as a food and herbal drug that provides several health benefits. The number of studies on its biological activity is significant, but research at the population level to investigate the variation in phytochemicals and biological activity of each population which is useful for a more efficient phytopharmaceutical application strategy remains needed. This present study provided the frontier results to fill-in this necessary gap to investigating the phytopharmaceutical potential of perianth and stamen, which represent an important part for Asian traditional medicines, from 18 natural populations throughout Thailand by (1) determining their phytochemical profiles, such as total contents of phenolic, flavonoid, and anthocyanin, and (2) determining the antioxidant activity of these natural populations using various antioxidant assays to examine different mechanisms. The result showed that Central is the most abundant floristic region. The stamen was higher in total phenolic and flavonoid contents, whereas perianth was higher in monomeric anthocyanin content. This study provided the first description of the significant correlation between phytochemical contents in perianth compared with stamen extracts, and indicated that flavonoids are the main phytochemical class. This analysis indicated that the stamen is a richer source of flavonoids than perianth, and provided the first report to quantify different flavonoids accumulated in stamen and perianth extracts under their native glycosidic forms at the population level. Various antioxidant assays revealed that major flavonoids from N. nucifera prefer the hydrogen atom transfer mechanism when quenching free radicals. The significant correlations between various phytochemical classes and the different antioxidant tests were noted by Pearson correlation coefficients and emphasized that the antioxidant capability of an extract is generally the result of complex phytochemical combinations as opposed to a single molecule. These current findings offer the alternative starting materials to assess the phytochemical diversity and antioxidant potential of N. nucifera for phytopharmaceutical sectors.
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Zakharova, I. N., I. V. Berezhnaya, and S. V. Shishkina. "Chronic constipation combined with biliary tract dysfunction in children: comorbidity or clinical regularity?" Medical Council, no. 17 (November 24, 2019): 130–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.21518/2079-701x-2019-17-130-136.
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Functional disorders of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) are a common problem in children. The Roman IV criteria adopted in 2016, devoted to the problem of constipation and biliary tract dysfunction in children are developed in accordance with age and are idendoitified by the letter code. This article presents data on the correspondence of the Roman IV criteria and ICD-10 in the combined problem of constipation and biliary tract dysfunction in children. The development of upper gastrointestinal tract pathology caused by increased intracavitary pressure associated with impaired colon motility (chronic constipation) is natural during a prolonged course of chronic constipation. The study based on a specially designed questionnaire in Russia showed that an average of 54% of children in different age groups suffer from chronic constipation, that is, almost every second child. Studies showed that the frequency of biliary tract dysfunction in children with chronic constipation accounts for 42.3 to 100% cases. The survey that we conducted among pediatricians showed that a quarter of doctors found it difficult to establish diagnosis, and 41% of pediatricians struggled with prescribing therapy for persistent constipation in children, especially constipation combined with motor-tonic dysfunction of the colon in children with biliary tract dysfunction. A total of 201 children aged 6 to 15 years (96 boys and 114 girls) were enrolled in the study. In addition to pain syndrome, cellular energy exchange disorder in the form of decreased level of intracellular antioxidant catalase enzyme and plasma antioxidant activity (PAO) was identified against the background of chronic constipation and biliary tract dysfunction in this group of children, which is evidence of decompensation of antioxidant protection in the acute stage of biliary tract dysfunctional disorders in children. The identified changes make a strong case for prescribing a drug with hepatoprotective, choleretic and antioxidant effects. The use of herbal extract of fresh artichoke leaves (Chophytol®, Mayoly Spindle, France) showed the relief of pain syndrome by Day 14 of treatment in 92% of patients (75% in the comparison group), nausea in 74% of children, constipation in 88% (50% of patients in the comparison group). It is important to detect an elevated α-tocopherol level and significantly reduced catalase level, which indicates the need to choose a drug with selective antioxidant activity, which does not change the α-tocopherol level. The introduction of the herbal extract of fresh artichoke leaves (Chophytol®) in the complex therapy of the studied patients accelerated the relief of the clinical symptoms of functional biliary tract disorders and reduced the frequency of constipation in children by 4 times as compared with the control group without significant effect on the α-tocopherol level.
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Romanyuk, Anna A., and Dmitry V. Moiseev. "Senna leaves: component composition, pharmacological properties, standardization." Человек и его здоровье 24, no. 2 (October 2021): 53–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.21626/vestnik/2021-2/07.
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Objective: generalization and analysis of scientific data on the component composition, pharmacological properties and standardization of senna leaves. Materials and methods. The article provides an overview of scientific publications in the journals of the search platforms Scopus and PubMed, as well as the databases of the Russian Science Citation Index. The analysis of the range of herbal medicinal products was carried out according to the data of the State Registers of Medicines of the Republic of Belarus, the Russian Federation and the Republic of Kazakhstan using content analysis, comparison and generalization of data. Results. In addition to the laxative effect, determined by the presence of anthracene derivatives in senna leaves, the complex of their biologically active substances has antimicrobial, hypoglycemic, antioxidant, antifungal and antitumor effects. Also, the chemical composition of the plant is represented by fatty acids, triglycerides, flavonoids, macro- and microelements. The analysis of medicinal herbal preparations based on senna leaves registered in the Russian Federation, the Republic of Belarus and the Republic of Kazakhstan has been carried out. The differences in the methods of their standardization, given in the normative documentation on quality, have been revealed. The scientific experience of using the method of high performance liquid chromatography for the determination of anthracene derivatives in senna leaves is generalized. Conclusion. The complex of biologically active substances of senna leaves exhibits various pharmacological effects, which, possibly, will expand the range of combined preparations based on them. The use of a modern and selective method of high-performance liquid chromatography in the analysis of senna leaves is a very promising direction in the field of standardization of this type of medicinal plant material.
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Thakur, Kumud Ranjan, S. R. Padmadeo, and Vikash Kumar. "Evaluation of anti-oxidative properties of Tinosporacordifoliain Alloxan induced diabetic Wistar rats." Biomedicine 41, no. 2 (September 7, 2021): 421–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.51248/.v41i2.1050.
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Introduction and Aim: Type 2 Diabetes is a complex heterogenous disorder with marked hyperglycemia, reduced insulin sensitivity, increased oxidative stress, and altered carbohydrate, fat and protein metabolism. Increased oxidative stress is a key factor for the reduced pancreatic ? cell arose due to prolonged hyperglycemia. The present investigation admits ethanolic extract of Tinosporacordifolia (250mg/kg/body weight) as a potent antihyperglycemic agent as well as antioxidant.
Materials and methods: Wistar norvegicus rats of 180-200 gm were involved in the present study divided in to 5 groups. Each group has 5 rats. Diabetes was induced by Alloxan (100mg/kg.b.wt). Administration of T.cordifolia (250mg/kg/b.wt) done in the desired group for 10,20, and 30 days respectively. Fasting blood collected for plasma glucose and the organs were collected for the antioxidant assay.
Results: Each group showed significant recovery in the glucose and antioxidant parameters like Glutathione, Catalase, Ascorbate etc., Statistical analysis was done by Tukey multiple range test compared with entire column after ANOVA. Level of significance was denoted for diabetic Vs treated group having p values *** p<0.05, **p<0.01, *p<0.001, NS-Non-significant, >0.05.
Conclusion: Relying on the Herbal extract of T.cordifolia would be one of the best options for controlling glucose concentration, enhanced immunity, and getting rid of unnecessary free radicals which increases aging. The plant under investigation is a reservoir of countless secondary metabolites.
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Chen, Yaqin, Yu Kong, Qili Wang, Jian Chen, Hua Chen, Huihui Xie, and Lan Li. "Schisandrin B Attenuates Airway Inflammation by Regulating the NF-κB/Nrf2 Signaling Pathway in Mouse Models of Asthma." Journal of Immunology Research 2021 (June 28, 2021): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/8029963.
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Background. Asthma is a complex inflammatory disorder that plagues a large number of people. Schisandrin B is an active ingredient of the traditional Chinese herbal medicine Schisandra with various proven physiological activities such as anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. In this study, we explored the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects and provided the mechanistic insights into the activity of schisandrin B in a mouse model of ovalbumin- (OVA-) induced allergic asthma. Methods. Male BALB/c mice were sensitized and challenged with OVA to induce asthma and treated with various doses (15 mg/kg, 30 mg/kg, and 60 mg/kg) of SCH to alleviate the features of allergic asthma, airway hyperresponsiveness, inflammatory response, OVA-specific immunoglobulin (Ig)E level, and pathological injury. Results. Schisandrin B significantly attenuated the airway hyperresponsiveness induced by OVA. Moreover, schisandrin B administration suppressed inflammatory responses, reduced the level of IgE, and attenuated pathological injury. Mechanistically, schisandrin B treatment promoted the activation of nuclear erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), but suppressed the stimulation of the NF-κB pathway caused by OVA. Conclusion. Taken together, our study suggests that schisandrin B attenuates the features of asthmatic lungs by inhibiting the NF-κB pathway and activating the Nrf2 signaling pathway.
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Serebryakova, I. Yu, T. I. Garashchenko, A. O. Kuznetsov, and A. O. Akhinyan. "Application of mucosecretolytics of plant origin in otorinolaryngology." Meditsinskiy sovet = Medical Council, no. 6 (May 12, 2021): 133–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.21518/2079-701x-2021-6-133-137.
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In modern otorhinolaryngology the use of herbal remedies, so-called clinical homeopathy, is widely used both as a basic and as part of complex therapy. A special place among this category belongs to medicines with secretolytic and mucolytic properties. This is due to the developed mucociliary system of the mucous membranes of the upper respiratory tract, which primarily suffers in acute and chronic inflammatory diseases. Most chemical mucoactive preparations have only one of the three mucosecretolytic effects and have a large number of contraindications. Herbal preparations, such as those containing Myrtol standardized, have secretolytic and mucolytic properties at the same time. Phytopreparations have deservedly occupied a leading place in the treatment of otorhinolaryngological diseases, as they have practically no contraindications and are successfully used in patients with comorbid pathology, children of all age groups and pregnant women. The efficacy of using preparations containing Myrtol standardized in the treatment of acute and chronic inflammatory diseases of the ENT organs and chronic atrophic diseases of the upper respiratory tract has been studied in a number of randomized clinical trials. The authors analysed 21 literature sources, reflecting the results of using mucosecretolytic drugs in otorhinolaryngology. In the complex treatment of acute rhinosinusitis and rhinopharyngitis the use of natural mucosecretolytic drugs significantly reduces the period of disability and avoids bacterial complications in both adult and paediatric practice. Mucolytic and antioxidant properties of preparations containing Myrtol allow for long-term effective therapy of subatrophic and atrophic processes of pharyngeal and laryngeal mucosa in elderly patients with comorbid pathology. An analysis of randomised trials has proven the efficacy of plant-based mucosecretolytics in the treatment of not only acute but also chronic upper respiratory tract diseases
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Zhang, Taojing, Yanbin Gao, Yanbin Gong, Hui Zhou, Peifeng Xie, Song Guan, and Wenming Yi. "Tang-Luo-Ning Improves Mitochondrial Antioxidase Activity in Dorsal Root Ganglia of Diabetic Rats: A Proteomics Study." BioMed Research International 2017 (2017): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/8176089.
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Tang-luo-ning (TLN) is a traditional Chinese herbal recipe for treating diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN). In this study, we investigated mitochondrial protein profiles in a diabetic rat model and explored the potential protective effect of TLN. Diabetic rats were established by injection of streptozocin (STZ) and divided into model, alpha lipoic acid (ALA), and TLN groups. Mitochondrial proteins were isolated from dorsal root ganglia and proteomic analysis was used to quantify the differentially expressed proteins. Tang-luo-ning mitigated STZ-induced diabetic symptoms and blood glucose level, including response time to cold or hot stimulation and nerve conductive velocity. As compared to the normal, there were 388 differentially expressed proteins in the TLN group, 445 in ALA group, and 451 in model group. As compared to the model group, there were 275 differential proteins in TLN group and 251 in ALA group. As compared to model group, mitochondrial complex III was significantly decreased, while glutathione peroxidase and peroxidase were increased in TLN group. When compared with ALA group, the mitochondrial complex III was increased, and mitochondrial complex IV was decreased in TLN group. Together, TLN should have a strong antioxidative activity, which appears to be modulated through regulation of respiratory complexes and antioxidases.
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Jung, Eunsun, Hyun Kyoung Cho, Yoon Sik Kim, Ho Ryong Yoo, and In Chan Seol. "Antioxidant and Anti-dyslipidemic Effect of Artemisiae iwayomogii Herba, Curcumae longae Radix, and Plantaginis Semen Complex Extract(ACP) on HepG2 Cells." Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine 32, no. 1 (February 28, 2018): 13–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.15188/kjopp.2018.02.32.1.13.
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Ishan Dubey, Manmeet Singh Saluja, Ritu M Gilhotra, and Mahavir Chhajed. "Evaluation of Polyherbal Anticancer Tablets: A Review." Journal of Pharmaceutical Technology, Research and Management 6, no. 1 (May 2, 2018): 67–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.15415/jptrm.2018.61006.
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Cancer is a malignant abnormal growth of cells, one of the most dreaded and complex diseases. It concerns with several tempo spatial changes in cell composition, which finally lead to neoplasia. Various types of cancers have been reported. Chemotherapy, radiation, and/or surgery may cure them. Herbal remedies are supposed to be harmless as they cause fewer complications and are less likely to habitual. Antioxidant compositions of therapeutic plants show the anticancer activity and therefore, use of different proportions of the active components to formulate various standardized preparation with single or multiple components for their synergistic effects play a crucial role in curing cancer. Evaluation parameters to assess the in vitro anticancer activity includes Caspase-3, Caspase-9, alamar blue, LDH assay, XTT assay, sulforhodamine-B assay, MTT assay, DNA fragmentation assay, neutral red uptake cytotoxic assay, tryphan blue assay. Evaluation of dried extract or granules includes bulk density, tapped density, Carr’s index, Hausner’s ratio, angle of repose while the tablets evaluated by drug-excipient compatibility study by FT-IR, stability studies, hardness, thickness, weight variation, friability, disintegration time and dissolution test.
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Mizernitskiy, Yu L., N. L. Dorovskaya, and I. M. Melnikova. "Prospects for the drug use based on common ivy for bronchopulmonary pathology in childhood." Meditsinskiy sovet = Medical Council, no. 17 (November 1, 2021): 122–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.21518/2079-701x-2021-17-122-127.
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Respiratory diseases persistently lead in the structure of general morbidity in both children and adolescents. Acute respiratory infections are the most common among them. Interest of pediatricians to phytotherapy is not accidental and is due to the fact that it has a mild therapeutic effect, enhances the effectiveness of complex therapy, has few side effects. Of particular interest are herbal remedies containing ivy extract (Hedera helix), the active ingredients are mainly found in ivy leaves, they are biologically active substances: Triterpene saponins, glycosides, also contain carbohydrates, essential oils, steroids, phenolcarboxylic acids, coumarins, flavonoids, carotenoids, tocopherols (vitamin E), B and C vitamins, tannins, phytoncides. Ivy preparations are prescribed as an expectorant in the treatment of infectious and inflammatory diseases of the upper and lower respiratory tract due to their proven multidirectional effects: secretolytic, mucolytic, bronchospasmolytic. They also have anti-inflammatory, reparative, antioxidant effects.This article presents a clinical example of an officinal ivy-based preparation used in the treatment of a 3.5 year old patient diagnosed with acute respiratory viral infection. Temperature increased to 38 °C, runny nose; on the second day of illness the temperature remained subfebrile and a dry cough appeared. Nasal vasoconstrictor drops and oral acetylcysteine were prescribed, but there was no relief. On the third day of the illness, against the background of subfebrile temperature, the cough persisted, single dry rales were heard in the lungs, wheezing appeared during physical exertion. Acetylcysteine was withdrawn and replaced by ivy-based drops (16 drops 3 times a day orally after meals in a small amount of water). After 2 days the cough was moist, the sputum was easily expectorated, the wheezing in the lungs was almost gone, there was no more wheezing and the temperature was normal. By the sixth day of treatment the cough was gone and the girl had almost recovered. Nevertheless, Gedelix was continued for another 4 days. Prospective results and detailed study of the effects of herbal preparations on the basis of ivy extracts served as the basis for their recommendation as a complex therapy of cough in children.
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Rutkowska, Magdalena, Monika Anna Olszewska, Joanna Kolodziejczyk-Czepas, Pawel Nowak, and Aleksandra Owczarek. "Sorbus domestica Leaf Extracts and Their Activity Markers: Antioxidant Potential and Synergy Effects in Scavenging Assays of Multiple Oxidants." Molecules 24, no. 12 (June 20, 2019): 2289. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules24122289.
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Sorbus domestica leaves are a traditionally used herbal medicine recommended for the treatment of oxidative stress-related diseases. Dry leaf extracts (standardized by LC-MS/MS and LC-PDA) and nine model activity markers (polyphenols), were tested in scavenging assays towards six in vivo-relevant oxidants (O2•−, OH•, NO•, H2O2, ONOO−, HClO). Ascorbic acid (AA) and Trolox (TX) were used as positive standards. The most active extracts were the diethyl ether and ethyl acetate fractions with activities in the range of 3.61–20.03 µmol AA equivalents/mg, depending on the assay. Among the model compounds, flavonoids were especially effective in OH• scavenging, while flavan-3-ols were superior in O2•− quenching. The most active constituents were quercetin, (−)-epicatechin, procyanidins B2 and C1 (3.94–24.16 µmol AA/mg), but considering their content in the extracts, isoquercitrin, (−)-epicatechin and chlorogenic acid were indicated as having the greatest influence on extract activity. The analysis of the synergistic effects between those three compounds in an O2•− scavenging assay demonstrated that the combination of chlorogenic acid and isoquercitrin exerts the greatest influence. The results indicate that the extracts possess a strong and broad spectrum of antioxidant capacity and that their complex composition plays a key role, with various constituents acting complementarily and synergistically.
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Zhukova, A. G., L. G. Gorokhova, A. S. Kazitskaya, T. K. Yadykina, N. N. Mikhailova, and Yu V. Arkhipenko. "Adaptogenic correction of free radical brain damage in subchronic exposure to sodium fl uoride." Russian Journal of Occupational Health and Industrial Ecology, no. 6 (July 10, 2020): 381–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.31089/1026-9428-2020-60-6-381-386.
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Introduction. Fluorine compounds in small doses, but with prolonged exposure, cause various disorders in organs at the cellular and molecular levels. Activation of free-radical processes plays an important role in the damaging eff ect of fl uorides. Th erefore, one of the most eff ective ways to limit fl uorine-induced damage is to directly aff ect free-radical processes using herbal preparations with antioxidant properties.The aim of the study is to study the eff ect of a dihydroquercetin-based drug on the activity of free radical processes in brain tissue under subchronic exposure to sodium fl uoride (NaF).Materials and methods. Th e work was performed on white male laboratory rats weighing 200-250 g. Th e rats were divided into 3 groups: 1 — control; 2 — rats with chronic exposure to sodium fl uoride (NaF) for 9 weeks; 3 — rats receiving a NAF solution with simultaneous administration of a complex drug based on dihydroquercetin at a dose of 3 mg/kg in 1% starch gel for 3, 6 and 9 weeks. The activity of free radical oxidation and antioxidant defense enzymes — superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase-was determined in the cerebral cortex. Th e level of expression of hypoxia-induced transcription factor HIF — 1A and inducible forms of proteins HSP72 and HSP32 were determined in the cytosolic fraction of brain tissue.Results. In the early stages of subchronic fl uoride exposure (1-3 weeks), the expression of protective proteins HIF-1α, HSP72, HSP32 and catalase was shown in the rat cortex, as a result of which the activity of free-radical processes was maintained at the control level. An increase in the timing of fl uoride intake to 9 weeks led to a decrease in antioxidant protection and signifi cant activation of free radical oxidation in brain tissue. Daily administration of a complex drug with dihydroquercetin for 3, 6 and 9 weeks to rats with subchronic fl uoride exposure led to a decrease in the severity of pro- and antioxidant balance disorders in the cerebral cortex. At the same time, the greatest protective eff ect of dihydroquercetin with fl uoride exposure was manifested by the 9th week of its administration.Conclusions. When subchronic intake of fl uorides in the body, the drug based on dihydroquercetin has a neuroprotective eff ect, which is manifested by an increase in the activity of antioxidant enzymes of fr ee radical oxidation and catalase and the resistance of the cortex to induced fr ee radical oxidation.
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Li, Gang, Wei Zhou, Xiurong Zhao, and Ying Xie. "In Silico Molecular Docking and Interaction Analysis of Traditional Chinese Medicines Against SARS-CoV-2 Receptor." Natural Product Communications 16, no. 5 (May 2021): 1934578X2110150. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1934578x211015030.
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The novel coronavirus, 2019-nCoV, has led to a major pandemic in 2020 and is responsible for more than 2.9 million officially recorded deaths worldwide. As well as synthetic anti-viral drugs, there is also a need to explore natural herbal remedies. The Traditional Chinese Medicines (TCMs) system has been used for thousands of years for the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of several chronic diseases. In this paper, we performed an in silico molecular docking and interaction analysis of TCMs against SARS-CoV-2 receptor RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp). We obtained the 5 most effective plant compounds which had a better binding affinity towards the target receptor protein. These compounds areforsythoside A, rutin, ginkgolide C, icariside II, and nolinospiroside E. The top-ranked compound, based on docking score, was nolinospiroside, a glycoside found in Ophiopogon japonicas that has antioxidant properties. Protein-ligand interaction analysis discerned that nolinospiroside formed a strong bond between ARG 349 of the protein receptor and the carboxylate group of the ligand, forming a stable complex. Hence, nolinospiroside could be deployed as a lead compound against SARS-CoV-2 infection that can be further investigated for its potential benefits in curbing the viral infection.
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Z, Mukasa-Tebandeke, I., Karume, I, Ssebuwufu, J, Wasajja, H. Z, and Nankinga, R. M. "Comparison of Antioxidant, Flavonoid and Polyphenol Content of Three Selected Solanaceae Genera from Kigezi, Southwest Uganda." Scholars International Journal of Chemistry and Material Sciences 5, no. 4 (May 18, 2022): 40–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.36348/sijcms.2022.v05i04.001.
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Solanaceae is family of plants widely used in food, sauce and herbal medicine because its members are rich in carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, mineral salts and other trace and essential nutrients like phenols and flavonoids that retard degenerative diseases and stress. Knowledge on purposeful use of solanaceae in food and medicine in Uganda is low. Aqueous extracts of dry leaves of three selected solanum genera growing in Kabale were compared for their polyphenol and flavonoid contents and antioxidant properties. Total polyphenol (TPC) and total flavonoid (TFC) contents were determined by the Folin-Ciocalteu and aluminium chloride colorimetric methods respectively. Antioxidant properties and radical scavenging were determined using DPPH, hydrogen peroxide, thiocyanate-iron (III) complex and iron (II)/(III)-linoleic acid systems. The polyphenol content of dry leaves of S. anguivi was 1750 ± 0.70, that for S. macrocarpon was 104 ± 0.45 and S. nigrum was 97.80 ± 0.15 GAE/g yet the flavonoid content was 7.40 ± 0.30, 35.00 ± 0.60 and 16.40 ± 0.40 mg/QE/g for S. anguivi, S. macrocarpon and S. nigrum respectively. The DPPH scavenging at IC50 were 7.80 ± 0.25; 45.60 ± 0.30 and 42.90 ± 0.20 respectively yet hydrogen peroxide scavenging at IC50 stood at 6.89 ± 0.15; 27.00 ± 0.35 and 17 .90 ± 0.20 μg/mL in the respective order for S. anguivi, S. macrocarpon and S. nigrum. The available data suggests the plants are very good food supplements of high nutritive and chemotherapeutic values. However, there is need to perform in vivo and vitro experiments to deduce their efficacy on mammals.
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Cao, Ke, Weiqiang Lv, Xuyun Liu, Yingying Fan, Kexin Wang, Zhihui Feng, Jianshu Liu, Weijin Zang, Lianxi Xing, and Jiankang Liu. "Herba houttuyniae Extract Benefits Hyperlipidemic Mice via Activation of the AMPK/PGC-1α/Nrf2 Cascade." Nutrients 12, no. 1 (January 7, 2020): 164. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12010164.
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Hyperlipidemia is associated with metabolic disorders, but the detailed mechanisms and related interventions remain largely unclear. As a functional food in Asian diets, Herba houttuyniae has been reported to have beneficial effects on health. The present research was to investigate the protective effects of Herba houttuyniae aqueous extract (HAE) on hyperlipidemia-induced liver and heart impairments and its potential mechanisms. Male C57BL/6J mice were administered with 200 or 400 mg/kg/day HAE for 9 days, followed by intraperitoneal injection with 0.5 g/kg poloxamer 407 to induce acute hyperlipidemia. HAE treatment significantly attenuated excessive serum lipids and tissue damage markers, prevented hepatic lipid deposition, improved cardiac remodeling, and ameliorated hepatic and cardiac oxidative stress induced by hyperlipidemia. More importantly, NF-E2 related factor (Nrf2)-mediated antioxidant and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1 alpha (PGC-1α)-mediated mitochondrial biogenesis pathways as well as mitochondrial complex activities were downregulated in the hyperlipidemic mouse livers and hearts, which may be attributable to the loss of adenosine monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activity: all of these changes were reversed by HAE supplementation. Our findings link the AMPK/PGC-1α/Nrf2 cascade to hyperlipidemia-induced liver and heart impairments and demonstrate the protective effect of HAE as an AMPK activator in the prevention of hyperlipidemia-related diseases.
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Смойловська, Г. П., О. О. Малюгіна, О. К. Єренко, and Т. В. Хортецька. "Study of the content of carbonic acids in the herbs of Сapsella bursa-pastoris (L.) Medik." Farmatsevtychnyi zhurnal, no. 1 (February 23, 2022): 86–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.32352/0367-3057.1.22.08.
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Carboxylic acids are key compounds that play an important role in metabolism. They activate the endocrine glands, affect human immune status, have antioxidant, antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory effects. Plants rich in carboxylic acids are recommended for the prevention of various diseases. A promising source of biologically active substances are Capsella bursa-pastoris, which has a significant content of vitamins, flavonoids, organic, hydroxycinnamic, fatty acids, macro-and micronutrients, tannins. Capsella bursa-pastoris is known for such healing properties as wound healing, antimicrobial, antibacterial, antitumor, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antihypertensive, hepatoprotective. The plant material of Capsella bursa-pastoris has a hemostatic effect and stimulates the contractile activity of the uterus.
The aim of the study was to study the qualitative composition and quantitative content of carboxylic acids in the herb of Capsella bursa-pastoris (L.) Medik. by chromato-mass spectrometry.
For the study, we used the herb of Capsella bursa-pastoris (L.) Medik., which was collected during flowering period. Qualitative analysis of the content of organic acids was carried out by thin layer chromatography. Identification and quantitative content of carboxylic acids were performed by chromato-mass spectrometry on an Agilent Technology 6890N chromatograph with a mass spectrometric detector 5973N.
33 carboxylic acids were identified in the herb of Capsella bursa-pastoris – 14 organic and 19 fatty acids. The total content of organic acids is 8 041.60 ± 84.00 mg/kg with a predominance of aliphatic acids (citric, malic, fumaric and succinic). The fatty acid complex of the Capsella bursa-pastoris herb is represented by 11 saturated and 9 unsaturated fatty acids. The content of total fatty acids was 21 161.90 ± 256.45 mg/kg, of which the proportion of unsaturated acids is significantly higher than saturated. Linolenic, linoleic, palmitic acidsare dominant.
The obtained resultsmake it possible to predict the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity of herbal medicines based on the raw materials of Capsella bursa-pastoris.
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Saliuk, O. D., P. H. Gerasimchuk, L. O. Zaitsev, I. I. Samoilenko, A. I. Kharchenko, О. Yu Yakutovych, and D. O. Mionchynsky. "Application of Plant-Based Preparations in a Comprehensive Treatment of Inflammatory Periodontal Diseases." Ukraïnsʹkij žurnal medicini, bìologìï ta sportu 6, no. 5 (October 27, 2021): 38–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.26693/jmbs06.05.038.
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In this article the review of foreign and domestic literary sources, which are devoted to the actual problem of modern dentistry – the treatment of inflammatory diseases of periodontal tissues: gingivitis and periodontitis are presented. The complex approach to their treatment involves the appointment of a significant amount of pharmacotherapeutic drugs. Therapeutic failures and iatrogenic complications have led to the fact that today the interests of doctors and population to medicinal products significantly increased. The purpose of the study is to analyze the data of scientific literature on the use of plant-based medicinal products for the treatment of periodontal inflammatory diseases over the past 10 years. Materials and methods. Comprehensive and systematic analysis of literature. Review and discussion. The analysis of information sources on the use of plant-based medicinal products in dentistry both independently and in the composition of medical and prophylactic means has established that the modern assortment of plant-based preparations in the pharmaceutical market of Ukraine to a certain extent is limited. The emergence of new plant-based species that have been tested in conditions of experimental pathology and require an evidence-based clinical base is noted. The composition of plant-based preparations used for the treatment of inflammatory periodontal diseases include vitamins, biologically active substances, glycosides, alkaloids, in connection with a wide range of action: antiseptic, anti-inflammatory, regenerating, hemostatic, antioxidative. The data on plant-based preparations that are most often used such as chamomile extracts, calendula, hypericum, plantain, kalanchoe, aloe, eucalyptus, milfoil, nettle, calamus and plant-based species are summarized. The medicinal agents considered are mainly recommended for local treatment of periodontal diseases in the form of dental care means, mouth rinse, gel, chewing gum, herbal liquer. It is known that the complex treatment of periodontal diseases includes a general influence on the body. The properties of green tea with its wide range of actions are investigated. With antioxidant properties, it can be a healthy alternative for controlling destructive changes in periodontal diseases. Attention is drawn to the proposed unique natural complex “Resverazin” due to a wide range of pharmacological action, low toxicity and relative safety. The drug produces antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, immune stimulating, vasodilative, neuroprotective action. Conclusion. Based on the literature analysis, it can be concluded that the accumulated experimental and clinical data on the therapeutic properties of plants prove perspective of their use in the complex treatment of inflammatory periodontal diseases. Future studies are mandatory for further confirmation of the effectiveness of these medicinal plants