Relevant bibliographies by topics / Complex geotechnical conditions

Academic literature on the topic 'Complex geotechnical conditions'

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Published: 30 May 2022
Last updated: 31 May 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Complex geotechnical conditions"

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Elmouttie, Marc, Jane Hodgkinson, and Peter Dean. "Prediction of Mining Conditions in Geotechnically Complex Sites." Mining 1, no. 3 (November 9, 2021): 279–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mining1030018.

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Geotechnical complexity in mining often leads to geotechnical uncertainty which impacts both safety and productivity. However, as mining progresses, particularly for strip mining operations, a body of knowledge is acquired which reduces this uncertainty and can potentially be used by mining engineers to improve the prediction of future mining conditions. In this paper, we describe a new method to support this approach based on modelling and neural networks. A high-level causal model of the mining operations based on historical data for a number of parameters was constructed which accounted for parameter interactions, including hydrogeological conditions, weather, and prior operations. An artificial neural network was then trained on this historical data, including production data. The network can then be used to predict future production based on presently observed mining conditions as mining proceeds and compared with the model predictions. Agreement with the predictions indicates confidence that the neural network predictions are properly supported by the newly available data. The efficacy of this approach is demonstrated using semi-synthetic data based on an actual mine.
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Xiaolei, Yin. "Case study of geotechnical engineering investigation under complex geological conditions." Advance in Civil Engineering 2, no. 1 (2020): 26–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.35534/ace.0201005c.

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Benin, Andrey V., and Elena V. Gorodnova. "Geotechnical Analysis of Structural Behaviour Under Complex Geological Engineering Conditions." Procedia Engineering 189 (2017): 65–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2017.05.011.

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Gao, Yan, Guihe Liang, and Yanyong Zhou. "Exploration of Geotechnical Engineering Investigation under Complex Topographical and Geological Conditions." Frontiers Research of Architecture and Engineering 2, no. 4 (December 25, 2019): 20. http://dx.doi.org/10.30564/frae.v2i4.1512.

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This paper will explore the geotechnical engineering investigation technology under the complex topographical and geological conditions, and introduce how to construct the water supply tube wells faster and better under the complex topographical and geological conditions by taking Inner Mongolia as an example, so as to provide reference for the relevant professionals
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MULABDIĆ, Mensur, Krunoslav MINAŽEK, Marija LEKO-KOS, Želimir ORTOLAN, Jelena KALUÐER, and Jelena MATIJEVIĆ. "A case of complex geotechnical conditions for a water treatment facility." ce/papers 2, no. 2-3 (June 2018): 719–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cepa.755.

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Zotsenko, M. L., Yu L. Vynnykov, М. O. Kharchenko, and І. I. Lartseva. "DESIGN PECULIARITIES OF OIL STORAGE TANKS IN COMPLEX GEOTECHNICAL CONDITIONS AT SEISMIC EFFECTS." ACADEMIC JOURNAL Series: Industrial Machine Building, Civil Engineering 1, no. 48 (March 27, 2017): 175–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.26906/znp.2017.48.795.

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Problematic issues of construction and operation of oil storage vertical steel tanks in complex geotechnical conditions, including the seismically unstable territories are systematized. The technique of seismic danger decreasing (increasing the seismic stability of the ground) for ensuring the accident-free operation of tanks during earthquakes of various intensities is proved. The practical experience of design solutions of the highly effective systems «man-made grounds – foundation – tank» in complex geotechnical conditions for static and dynamic effects (earthquakes, emergency technogenic loadings, etc.) is given.
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Yu, Wei Wei, and Xuan Guo. "Ground Adaptability Characterization for Digging in Complex Geotechnical Conditions and Risk Mitigation." Advanced Materials Research 415-417 (December 2011): 1431–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.415-417.1431.

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Characterization of geotechnical digging and control the dynamical settlement is very necessary to mitigate construction risk. The metro tunnels of being constructed access to each other or near to the ground is high risk and physically difficult and costly. The control method becomes imperative. Some cases of digging prediction of ground movements and assessment of risk of damage to above or adjacent constructions have become an important issue especially in urban projec. Ground adaptability characterization is the key of control the tunneling in complex geotechnical conditions both in rock and soft stratum. High and changed water-soil pressure also is risk factors to effect tunneling process. Beside discussion of risk mitigation associate to tunnel construction, the developing settlement control and simulations are given to describe the methods of control risk.
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Vinod, J. S. "Dem Simulations in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering Education." International Journal of Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering 1, no. 1 (January 2010): 61–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jgee.2010090804.

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Behaviour of geotechnical material is very complex. Most of the theoretical frame work to understand the behaviour of geotechnical materials under different loading conditions depends on the strong background of the basic civil engineering subjects and advanced mathematics. However, it is fact that the complete behaviour of geotechnical material cannot be traced within theoretical framework. Recently, computational models based on Finite Element Method (FEM) are used to understand the behaviour of geotechnical problems. FEM models are quite complex and is of little interest to undergraduate students. A simple computational tool developed using Discrete Element Method (DEM) to simulate the laboratory experiments will be cutting edge research for geotechnical earthquake engineering education. This article summarizes the potential of DEM to simulate the cyclic triaxial behaviour of granular materials under complex loading conditions. It is shown that DEM is capable of simulating the cyclic behavior of granular materials (e.g. undrained, liquefaction and post liquefaction) similar to the laboratory experiments.
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Ivkovic, Mirko, and Mile Bugarin. "Technical solution of supporting the mining facilities in the complex geotechnical conditions." Rudarski radovi, Bor, no. 3 (2012): 287–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/rudrad1203287i.

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Wang, Ge. "Research on the Method of Ground Stress Balance under Complex Conditions Based on Geometric Tracing." Advances in Civil Engineering 2022 (May 14, 2022): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/9359268.

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The accuracy of the initial ground stress balance determines the accuracy of the finite element analysis of geotechnical problems. The traditional ground stress balance method has a good balance effect for simple geotechnical models but has strong limitations when the structure and soil interact with each other, the geometry of the model is complex, or the constraints are complicated. To deal with such problems, this paper proposes a general ground stress balance method based on geometric tracing by iteratively superimposing the static displacement field of the numerical model with the initial node coordinates of the numerical model. Two commonly used methods as well as the proposed method were tested with a model which contains both soil elements and structural elements and a case study. Test results show that the proposed method is capable of dealing with a complex model in which the commonly used methods fail to. Furthermore, the proposed ground stress balance method was demonstrated to be clear and has rapid convergence and high accuracy for complex stratum-structure geotechnical problems.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Complex geotechnical conditions"

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Karparov, Krassimir Nikolov. "Slope stability analyses in complex geotechnical conditions thrust failure mechanisms /." Pretoria : [s.n.], 2003. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-03092007-153601.

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Губашова, Валентина Євгенівна. "Обґрунтування раціональних технологічних параметрів струменевої цементації в складних геотехнічних умовах." Doctoral thesis, Київ, 2021. https://ela.kpi.ua/handle/123456789/40256.

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Дисертація присвячена обґрунтуванню раціональних технологічних параметрів струменевої цементації в складних геотехнічних умовах. В роботі досліджено та встановлено взаємозв’язки технологічних параметрів струменевої цементації з діаметром ґрунтоцементної колони в різних типах ґрунтів. На основі отриманих експоненціальних залежностей діаметра ґрунтоцементного елементу круглого перерізу від енергії високонапірного струменя цементного розчину розроблено методику розрахунку діаметра струменево-цементаційної колони. В процесі дослідження експериментальним шляхом доведено змінення фізико-механічних властивостей ґрунту, що оточує ґрунтоцементний елемент під час його виконання за струменевою технологією. На підставі математичного моделювання визначено закономірності формування в ґрунтових масивах зон з поліпшеними фізико-механічними параметрами в міжколонному просторі в різних типах ґрунтів. Удосконалено методику комп’ютерного моделювання управління напружено-деформованим станом основи будівлі під час її підсилення струменево-цементаційними елементами з урахуванням складних геотехнічних умов.
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Karparov, Krassimir Nikolov. "Slope stability analyses in complex Geotechnical conditions – Thurst failure mechanism." Thesis, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/23040.

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In this thesis a previously unknown mechanism of failure in multilayered slope profiles is identified. In some conditions this mechanism does not confirm to the known failure models (relating to circular failure) used in slope stability analysis. For this reason, major failures have occurred in the artificial cuts despite the fact that the limit equilibrium methods suggest that these cuts would be stable. The limit equilibrium methods were originally created to apply to earth dam walls. In the open pit mining environment, where we face inhomogeneous and inclined multilayered structures, the assumptions of these limit equilibrium methods appear to be inapplicable (e.g. assumption for the equal shear strength along the failure surface). Analysis starts with a general picture of the stress state in the highwall slope, given extant geological conditions and rock properties. The study then focuses on a comparison of the crack-tip stress changes in the rockmass with and without inclusions at the microscopic level. Basing some assumptions on binocular microscope observations of grain structures, it is possible to measure the size of the different inclusions and show that the microscopic carbon flakes present in the rock fabric make a major contribution to the failure process in a mudstone layer in the slope. The approach adopts the fracture-process zone ahead of a crack tip as the controlling parameter of flaw propagation in rock. Flaw coalescence, which is poorly accounted for in current fracture models, is attributable to two phenomena: the flaw propagation due to high level of applied stress; and the linking of fracture-process zones due to the small distance between neighbouring flaws. A condition of flaw coalescence is given based on these two mechanisms. This development allows defining of two zones along the failure surface (frictional and cohesive). In the slope-stability field the shear strength of the rock along the failure plane is a composite function of cohesive and frictional strength. For instance, the relaxation stress normal to bedding, induced by overburden removal, provides an investigation method for the determination of the weakest minerals, which may act as flaws for fracture propagation in low-porosity rock. A method has been developed to determine the critical stress for tensile fracture propagation due to the rock structure and the stress reduction normal to bedding. A proposed failure mechanism is based on the polygonal failure surfaces theory developed by Kovari and Fritz (1978), Boyd’s field observations (1983), Stead and Scoble’s (1983) analyses, Riedel (1929) Shear Fracture Model, Tchalenko and Ambraseys (1970), Gammond’s (1983) and Ortlepp (1997) observations for natural shear failures, computer modelling by McKinnon and de la Barra (1998), the results of many laboratory experiments reported by Bartlett et al. (1981) and the author’s experience. The proposed failure mechanism evaluates stability of the artificial slope profile due to the embedded weak layer structure, layer thickness, layer inclination and depth of the cut. On the basis of the observations and the above-mentioned modified fracture model, the slope profile is divided into two blocks; passive and active blocks. With this new model, it is possible to calculate slope safety factors for the slope failure cases studied in the industry. It has been found that, whereas the conventional slope stability models predict stable conditions, the new model suggests that the slope is only marginally stable (i.e. that failure can be expected).
Thesis (PhD(Mining Engineering))--University of Pretoria, 2007.
Mining Engineering
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(8842580), Osvaldo Paiva Maga Vitali. "TUNNEL BEHAVIOR UNDER COMPLEX ANISOTROPIC CONDITIONS." Thesis, 2020.

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Rock masses may present remarked geostatic stress anisotropy and anisotropic material properties; thus, the tunnel alignment with the geostatic principal stress directions and with the axes of material anisotropy is unlikely. Nevertheless, tunnel design often neglects those misalignments and; yet, the misalignment effects were unknown. In this doctoral research, tunnels under complex anisotropic conditions were modelled analytically and numerically with 3D nonlinear Finite Element Method (FEM). When the tunnel misaligns with the geostatic principal stress directions, anti-symmetric axial displacements and shear stresses are induced around the tunnel. Analytical solutions for misaligned shallow and deep tunnels in isotropic elastic ground are provided. The analytical solutions were validated with 3D FEM analyses. Near the face, the anti-symmetric axial displacements are partially constrained by the tunnel face, producing asymmetric radial displacements and stresses. The asymmetric radial displacements at the face can be divided into a rigid body displacement of the tunnel cross-section and anti-symmetric radial displacements. Those asymmetries may affect the rock-support interaction and the plastic zone developed around the tunnel. In anisotropic rock masses, the tunnel misalignment with the axes of material anisotropy also produces anti-symmetric axial displacements and stresses around the tunnel. It occurs because when the tunnel is not aligned with the principal material directions, the in-plane stresses are coupled with the axial displacements (i.e. the compliance matrix is fully populated). Thus, tunnels in anisotropic rock mass not aligned with the geostatic principal stresses and with the axes of material anisotropy are substantially more complex than tunnels not aligned with the principal stress directions in isotropic rock mass. An analytical solution for misaligned tunnels in anisotropic rock mass is provided. It was observed that the relative orientation of the geostatic principal stresses with respect to the axes of material anisotropy plays an important role. The axial displacements produced by far-field axial shear stresses and by the rock mass anisotropy may compensate each other; thus, axial and radial displacements around the tunnel are reduced. On the other hand, those anti-symmetric axial displacements may be amplified; thus, the ground deformations are increased. Asymmetric radial and axial deformations, and asymmetric spalling of the tunnel walls are commonly observed on tunnels in anisotropic rock masses. The tunnel misalignment with the geostatic principal stress directions and with the axes of material anisotropy could be associated with those phenomena that, so far, are not well comprehended
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Books on the topic "Complex geotechnical conditions"

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Crespellani, Teresa, ed. Terremoto e ricerca. Florence: Firenze University Press, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/978-88-8453-819-2.

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The profound cultural transformation that has taken place in Italian seismic studies in the last ten years is distinguished by the growing interest in the problem of assessing the effects of earthquakes linked to local conditions, and in the related issue of a precise definition of the properties of the soil in the sphere of the dynamic and cyclical stresses induced by seismic actions. Despite the profound awareness of the extent to which the nature of the soil contributes to the destructive effects of earthquakes, we are still a long way from the possibility of a realistic forecast of the seismic behaviour of the Italian soils. This is because the identification of the dynamic properties calls for experimental equipment that is technologically complex and costly as well as lengthy observation and qualified personnel. The rare experimental data that have been acquired to date hence represent a fundamental element for scientific reflection. This book has been conceived with a view to setting at the disposal of a broader public the results of the tests conducted on site and in the laboratory on the soil of certain significant seismic areas using the dynamic-type apparatus of the Geotechnical Laboratory of the Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering (DICeA) of the University of Florence. It presents a selection of the works of the Geotechnical section of the DICeA that have been published in various specialist international and national ambits. These studies were largely launched following the seismic sequence in Umbria and the Marches, in collaboration with several Regional Authorities and Research Institutes for the reduction of the seismic risk in Italy (GNDT, IRRS, INGV). In addition to the experimental techniques and the results obtained, the models and the geotechnical procedures adopted for assessing the effects of site and soil instability in certain specific deposits of the Italian territory are also expounded.
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Book chapters on the topic "Complex geotechnical conditions"

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Chikhaoui, Mohamed, and Ammar Nechnech. "Poromechanical Behavior Analysis of an Underground Cavity Below Runways Under the Dynamic Cyclic Action of Landing Gear on Complex Geotechnical Conditions." In Sustainable Civil Infrastructures, 71–80. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-01884-9_6.

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Kujundžić, T., S. Dunda, and S. Vujec. "Possibility of hammer tunnelling in complex geological conditions." In Geotechnical Hazards, 719–25. CRC Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003078173-96.

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El-Mossallamy, Y. "Numerical analyses of pile foundation in complex geological conditions." In Numerical Methods in Geotechnical Engineering, 619–25. Taylor & Francis, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781439833766.ch90.

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Rodriguez, J. "Case study of a deep excavation in soft soils with complex ground water conditions in Bogotá." In Geotechnical Aspects of Underground Construction in Soft Ground. Taylor & Francis, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/noe0415391245.ch122.

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EI-Mossallamy, Yasser, and Joachim Stahlmann. "Monitoring and numerical analysis of tunnels in complex geological conditions." In Beyond 2000 in Computational Geotechnics, 143–51. Routledge, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315138206-14.

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Li, Muguo, Maotian Luan, Ying Guo, Chengshun Xu, and Yang He. "Experimental study on cyclic pore water pressure and volumetric changes of saturated loose sands under complex stress condition." In Frontiers in Offshore Geotechnics. Taylor & Francis, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/noe0415390637.ch126.

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Conference papers on the topic "Complex geotechnical conditions"

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Wong, Kelvin C., Taylor S. LaBrecque, and Damian R. Siebert. "Design of a Deep Basement in Atypically Complex Boston Ground Conditions." In Eighth International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784482131.019.

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Yao, Aijun, Hu Peng, Huanfang Chen, and Fangduan Ning. "Field Deformation Study on Enclosure Structure and Environment of Subway Shaft Construction under Complex Conditions." In Second International Conference on Geotechnical and Earthquake Engineering. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784413128.051.

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Gegieckas, Saulius. "Construction of “Panemunė Bypass” Highway in the Nemunas River Delta. Problems of 2003–2015 Roadbed Exploration, Design, and Construction." In The 13th Baltic Sea Region Geotechnical Conference. Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/13bsgc.2016.043.

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In the Republic of Lithuania, there had been almost no experience in the road (roadbed) construction prior to the Panemunė bypass in terms of very complex geological, geotechnical and paleogeomorphological territories. All the roads constructed in previous decades in the Nemunas River Delta were built practically without special geotechnical and geological research and the resulting problems were solved either on the spot during construction or rectified later upon the emergence of reclaimed deformation. The article analyzes the whole process of the geological and geotechnical research during the bypass construction – from the first exploration work and designing to construction completion. The geological and geotechnical research stages are described; methods, research conditions, mistakes made, and recommendations for geotechnical investigations under similar conditions in the future are given. At the same time, the article contains the detailed geological and geotechnical conditions of the bypass, roadbed construction problems, forecasts of the roadbed seating during the design and construction with the assumption of additional factors. The article provides and analyses the actual results of the bed deposition monitoring and further forecast of the bed deposition.
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Haryono, I. S., A. L. Saw, S. W. Lee, and Lewis C. K. Wong. "Digital Twin for Geotechnical Engineering Applications." In The HKIE Geotechnical Division 41st Annual Seminar. AIJR Publisher, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21467/proceedings.126.7.

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Engineers have been motivated to push boundaries and find better tools for a more efficient design process and innovative solutions in construction industry. Digital engineering is the synergistic application of electronic and software technologies. The ultimate goal is to produce digital twins which are digital replicas of real and potential physical assets. With the rise of Building Information Modelling (BIM), digital twin in geotechnical engineering focuses more on the data management. However, the inherent information in digital models can be further exploited for optimizing engineering works. In this paper, this process is illustrated from the viewpoint of geotechnical works. Examples on the use of digital twin to design complex deep excavation and earthwork projects in difficult ground conditions are presented. The geotechnical design process was streamlined and the estimated time saving was up to 50% compared with a traditional design method relying on 2D cross sections.
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Zhussupbekov, Askar, Rauan Lukpanov, Dinara Orazova, and Zhanbota Sapenova. "Design of Foundations for Wind Turbine with Analysis by Finite Element Method." In The 13th Baltic Sea Region Geotechnical Conference. Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/13bsgc.2016.029.

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Presents engineering solution of wind energy tower (WET) foundation and basement designing in hydrogeological conditions of the Ereymentau area. Calculations of forces perceived by the WET, and following bearing capacity, settlement and stability analysis are made by the Finite Element Method in the program complex SCAD and Plaxis 2D. The calculated results in paper had been presented in graphics and tabulars.
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Ruik Beyhaut, S. "Proactive Approaches to Geohazard Management." In ASME 2017 International Pipeline Geotechnical Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipg2017-2537.

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To control the threats from external forces, pipeline owners and operators require detailed information about their pipeline infrastructure and the environment surrounding that infrastructure. The contribution from geographic data is recognized as an increasingly important part of a complete integrity management program, particularly for the identification of geohazards. This is because geohazards are generally characterized by high spatial variability, are complex and difficult to quantify but may result in catastrophic failure of pipelines. In recent years we have seen widespread technological development surrounding the processes to capture information in order to deliver quantitative inputs for pipeline engineers, risk & geotechnical experts. International codes & best practices (e.g. AS 2885.1-2012) state that “Environmental impact assessment is not simply a vehicle to obtain regulatory approval, it is a critical element of the planning for design, construction and operation of the pipeline.” Furthermore, geohazards frequently develop during the service life of pipelines. Consequently, regulators recommend that assessments are conducted on an ongoing basis to identify all potential threats and implement mitigation measures. A process has been developed to create efficient and economical solutions for monitoring and assessing the significance of pipeline bending strain and whether actual movement has taken place. This process can make use of a variety of inputs including slope gradient, climate, groundwater conditions, slope instability, seismic intensity, and environmental impacts, and can provide important information in the determination of potential mitigations. This paper will review the benefits which can be gained from the implementation of integrated approaches to inform geohazard management.
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Aristizábal Ceballos, Jaime Hernán, and Julián Fernando Chaves Agudelo. "Panorama of the Strategy for Managing the Risk Created by the Weather-Related and Outside Force Threat in VIT-Ecopetrol." In ASME 2015 International Pipeline Geotechnical Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipg2015-8556.

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The realization of the weather-related and outside force threat has historically caused losses of containment with their subsequent social, environmental, economic and image consequences for Ecopetrol. The zones in which these phenomena occur are characterized by the interaction of transmission systems with an environment that is complex in its topographical, geological-geomorphological and climatic conditions, and because of the anthropic impact of changes in land use. In Ecopetrol’s office of the Vice-president for Transportation Logistics (VIT-Ecopetrol), a threat management strategy has been proposed that seeks to minimize the vulnerability of the pipelines to processes that can impact on operating efficiency or that, because of their degree of complexity, require comprehensive management in order to guarantee operation at tolerable levels of risk. This article presents a panorama of the work performed with regard to the validation of the threat and risk levels of the assets, the internal analyses performed by geotechnical professionals for formulating the plans for the management of assets and the accompaniment of such in order to achieve the continuous operation of the transmission systems.
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Dashko, Regina, and Ivan Alekseev. "Underground Space of Saint-Petersburg as a Multicomponent System: Engineering Geological and Geotechnical Aspects of its Development." In The 13th Baltic Sea Region Geotechnical Conference. Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/13bsgc.2016.008.

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The paper offers a complex approach to assess underground space as a multi-component system for its development and utilization. It is indicated that a geotechnical analysis of sandy and clayey soils of St. Petersburg needs to be carried out based on two models, i.e. one for a jointed and blocky environs and the other for fine-pored media. It has been established that chemical composition of the ground water in the city is characterized with a high content of alkaline-earth elements, which proves the intensive destruction of construction materials, as well as with presence of organic substances judging by the chemical oxygen demand (COD) and biological oxygen demand in 5 days (BOD5). For the first time ever, a microbiotic component has been distinguished which determines the following phenomena: 1) alteration of physical and mechanical properties of sandy and clayey soils; 2) development of flowing sand and thixotropic phenomena; 3) biocorrosion of various construction materials. It is stated that even consolidated morainic soils usually viewed as a safe foundation and media for structures of various applications are transformed into weak and easy-deformable materials characterized with low strength in conditions of intensive contamination.
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Montes, Edward Francisco Oliveros. "Unprovoked Errors in Geotechnical Monitoring Activities in an RoW." In ASME 2015 International Pipeline Geotechnical Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipg2015-8518.

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The Camisea Pipeline Transmission System (PTS), owned by Transportadora de Gas del Perú (TgP) in Peru, consists of two parallel pipelines, a Natural Gas (NG) pipeline and a Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) pipeline. The NG pipeline is 834 km in length, including a 105 km loop. The LNG pipeline is 557 km in length. The first 210 km, are defined as having Amazonian geotechnical characteristics, with the presence of sedimentary and metamorphic rocks and a deposit of materials that are easily altered, which are associated with the transition between the Amazon plain and the Andes mountains. The area between km 210 and km 420 is defined as a mountainous sector with materials having better mechanical properties while the section between km 420 and km 730 located in the coastal sector and has erosive processes such as those associated with wind erosion, seismic activity, alluvial deposits, etc. Due to the variety of geological and geotechnical circumstances of the TgP’s RoW, its PTS incorporates many types of geotechnical monitoring in order to maintain and increase the reliability and integrity of the system. In several sectors not all of the types of monitoring are applicable. Some types of monitoring are: inclinometers and piezometers, aerial surveillance, patrolling, strain gauges (SG), topographic, GIS images (satellite, laser, radar, etc.), culverts, geotechnical optical fiber, accelerometer stations, etc. This article describes some unprovoked errors that can occur in a complex operation (in terms of logistics, geological, geotechnical and socially), in the development of geotechnical monitoring activities of an RoW. Some of the errors that can occur are: • Unacceptable photographic record through aerial surveillance; • Damage to the coating during topographic verification; • Field reports with incorrect data; • Incorrect SG records; • Improper placement of equipment over the pipeline; • Incorrect records in the GIS database; • Errors in the topographical record; and • Inexperience of monitoring staff, etc. However, occurrence of the above-mentioned errors has been lessened through improved operating procedures. These procedures are based on discussions from the various “lessons learned” sessions, which improved: • the appropriate recording of conditions identified in the field; • the labor climate; • crosswise communication between the different areas; and • the preventive approach within the operation of the PTS.
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Schäfer, René. "Impact of ACIP Pile Drilling Technique on Subsurface Soil Density." In The 13th Baltic Sea Region Geotechnical Conference. Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/13bsgc.2016.005.

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For the foundation of an industrial complex, auger-cast-in-place piles (ACIP-Piles) have been installed on behalf of the recommendation of a local geotechnical consultant. With respect to the poorly graded sand deposits and the high ground water table, the installation was critically reviewed with respect to the European Code DIN EN 1536. In the course of the installation process of a couple of working piles, extensive soil was drilled by the auger, which led to a loss of soil mass in the vicinity of the pile shafts. A detailed engineering analysis came to the conclusion, that the reasons of the damage can be attributed to a concurrence of the subsurface soil conditions, the chosen drilling technique, the choice of the contractor as well as the workmanship. However, a distinct soil loosening could also be measured by a plenty of cone penetration tests in the vicinity of those working piles, which have apparently been installed properly. Surprisingly, the compact sand layers were much more affected by the installation process than the loose deposits. These findings lead to the conclusion, that the installation process of ACIP piles has to be critically evaluated during the construction process and may become a decisive design influence in the case of a pile design by empirical pile capacity magnitudes.
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