Journal articles on the topic 'Complex Dynamic Systems Theory (CDST)'
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1
Fogal, Gary G. "Second language writing from a complex dynamic systems perspective." Language Teaching 55, no. 2 (April 2022): 193–210. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0261444821000410.
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This work provides a chronological and thematic account of empirical studies and position papers on second language (L2) writing scholarship from a complex dynamic systems theory (CDST) perspective. As a theoretical framework, CDST was formally introduced into applied linguistics research by Diane Larsen-Freeman in 1994 (Larsen-Freeman, 1994). However, more than a decade passed before CDST-L2 writing studies emerged in the literature, with Larsen-Freeman (2006) frequently cited as the first related publication. Initially, scholarship focused primarily on the quality of linguistic output (e.g., measures of complexity, accuracy, and fluency, or CAF) in North American and European contexts. Since these early foci, studies have expanded to cover a range of constructs and contexts that employ increasingly sophisticated and diverse research methods (for a recent collection of studies, see Fogal & Verspoor, 2020). In this time, a CDST approach to L2 writing research has matured alongside a general CDST view of language change that has contributed, through empirical studies, to understanding the nonlinear, adaptive, context dependent, and complex and dynamic nature of L2 development (see Hiver et al., 2021, for an overview).
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Stotz, Quinton, and Walcir Cardoso. "Applying Complex Dynamic Systems Theory to Identify Dynamic Properties of Plurilingual Repertoires." TESL Canada Journal 38, no. 2 (March 10, 2022): 140–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.18806/tesl.v38i2.1360.
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Language repertoires have been traditionally construed as a set of chronologically determined compartments (first language, second language, etc.), a scheme which upholds several validity and ethical issues when operationalized in research and education (Ortega, 2019). Complex dynamic systems theory (also complexity theory, here CDST) has been hailed as one solution moving forward, but its applicability to plurilingual settings requires further testing. This exploratory study contributes by examining whether inherent properties of complex dynamic systems manifest in the perceptions that plurilinguals have as their language systems change over time. Using retrodictive qualitative modelling (Dörnyei, 2014), this study discerned the developmental trajectory of changing language systems by working backwards through data collected during an observation window. Over a 3-month period, three plurilingual individuals assessed their language systems through weekly surveys and participated in open-ended interviews. A three-stage phenomenological analysis evaluated the data against CDST’s theoretical prism to identify five CDST properties (attractor states, phase shifts, co-adaptation, self-organization, and emergence) in the participants’ perceptions of their changing repertoires. Results indicate that plurilingual repertoires exhibit the aforementioned dynamics, although evidence for emergence was less certain. Importantly, this study shows that CDST dynamics are discernible in an individual’s perception of their language development over time.
Les répertoires langagiers se comprennent traditionnellement comme un ensemble de compartiments déterminés chronologiquement (première langue, deuxième langue, etc.), un mécanisme qui maintient plusieurs problèmes de validité et d’éthique quand il est opérationnalisé dans la recherche et l’enseignement (Ortega, 2019). La théorie des systèmes dynamiques complexes (également appelée théorie de la complexité, ici TSDC) a été acclamée comme une solution pour avancer, mais son applicabilité à des contextes plurilingues devra être testée davantage. L’étude exploratoire suivante apporte sa contribution en examinant le fait de savoir si les propriétés inhérentes aux systèmes dynamiques complexes se manifestent dans les perceptions que les plurilingues ont de leurs systèmes au fur et à mesure que leurs systèmes de langue changent avec le temps. En se servant de la modélisation de la rétrodiction qualitative (Dörnyei, 2014), cette étude discerne la trajectoire de développement de systèmes langagiers changeants en travaillant à l’envers par le biais de données recueillies pendant une fenêtre d’observation. Pendant une période de trois mois, trois personnes plurilingues ont évalué leurs systèmes langagiers au moyen de sondages hebdomadaires et ont participé à des entrevues ouvertes. Une analyse phénoménologique en trois étapes a évalué les données par rapport au prisme théorique de la TSDC afin d’identifier cinq propriétés de la TSDC (l’état d’attractivité, les changements de phases, la co-adaptation, l’auto-organisation et l’émergence) dans la perception que les participants avaient de leurs répertoires changeants. Les résultats indiquent que les répertoires plurilingues démontrent les dynamiques susmentionnées, bien que les preuves de l’émergence soient moins certaines. De façon importante, cette étude montre que les dynamiques de la TSDC sont discernables dans la perception que chaque personne se fait du développement de leur langue avec le temps.
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Jackson, Daniel O. "Working memory and second language development: A complex, dynamic future?" Studies in Second Language Learning and Teaching 10, no. 1 (March 29, 2020): 89–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/ssllt.2020.10.1.5.
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Working memory (WM) is inherently dynamic and complex, being a multi-faceted system that links storage and processing components; yet it is widely understood as internal. Hence, in second language (L2) research, its connection to complex dynamic systems theory (CDST) remains underspecified. This paper seeks to bridge a gap between CDST and WM in L2 research. First, definitions of WM are reviewed, along with evidence for its relationship to L2 outcomes. Next, a brief overview of CDST highlights its metatheoretical and methodological implications. Three perspectives are presented to illustrate how WM can be viewed in terms of major tenets in CDST. These consider WM effects as: (1) context-dependent, (2) interrelated with those of other variables, and (3) amenable to change across the lifespan. Despite this reappraisal, numerous challenges remain. Thus, in addition to noting research opportunities, the paper also considers measurement issues, such as the determination of boundaries and selection of appropriate timescales. In closing, while WM studies have shown its influence on L2 proficiency and processing, to more fully understand its dynamic nature, what is needed is further research on the reciprocal influences of bilingual development and changes in WM components, such as control of attention.
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Yu, Hanjing, and Wander Lowie. "Dynamic Paths of Complexity and Accuracy in Second Language Speech: A Longitudinal Case Study of Chinese Learners." Applied Linguistics 41, no. 6 (July 23, 2019): 855–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/applin/amz040.
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Abstract The present study investigated the developmental patterns of Chinese EFL(AQ) learners’ oral language in terms of complexity and accuracy and looked into the dynamic interactions between them within the framework of Complex Dynamic Systems Theory (CDST). The data were analysed using dynamic analyses (moving min–max graphs, moving correlations and Monte Carlo Simulations). It was found that, firstly, at the group level, the general developmental trends of both complexity and accuracy showed improvements. Secondly, at the individual level, the developmental patterns were non-linear and dynamic with high degrees of variability, and individual language development was influenced by the initial states. Thirdly, the analyses revealed a complex interplay between complexity and accuracy, which gradually shifted from a clearly competitive relationship during the early stages to a supportive relationship in later stages. This shift in interaction shows that complexity goes hand in hand with accuracy, which corroborates the interconnectedness of subsystems as one of the major characteristics of CDST. The findings confirm the applicability of CDST approaches to L2 oral development and carry valuable implications for CDST theory development and oral language teaching.
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Larsen-Freeman, Diane. "Thoughts on the Launching of a New Journal: A Complex Dynamic Systems Perspective." Journal for the Psychology of Language Learning 1, no. 1 (June 23, 2019): 67–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.52598/jpll/1/1/5.
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The launching of The Journal for the Psychology of Language Learning is a signal achievement. I begin this commentary by speculating on why it is that the Psychology of Language Learning (PLL) has enjoyed such vigor of late. I expect that one reason is the coming together of a critical mass of researchers and strong leaders over their shared interests. A second reason may be that a new way of looking at familiar phenomena was introduced in the form of complex dynamic systems theory (CDST). Building on this supposition, I proceed to recommend extending CDST thinking in some new ways in PLL. These ways are phenomenological, relational, processual, and transdisciplinary. I conclude by urging the PLL community to remain connected with other areas of applied linguistics so that it may continue to contribute to a knowledge-building community.
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Hiver, Phil, and Ali H. Al-Hoorie. "Transdisciplinary research methods and complexity theory in applied linguistics: introduction to the special issue." International Review of Applied Linguistics in Language Teaching 60, no. 1 (February 16, 2021): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/iral-2021-0020.
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Abstract Complexity theory/dynamic systems theory (CDST) has captured the imagination of many in the field of applied linguistics (Larsen-Freeman, Diane & Lynne Cameron. 2008. Complex systems and applied linguistics. Oxford: Oxford University Press; Ortega, Lourdes & Zhao Hong Han (eds.). 2017. Complexity theory and language development: In celebration of Diane Larsen-Freeman. Amsterdam: John Benjamins). As recent syntheses of the growing number of CDST-informed strands of applied linguistics research illustrates, it has emerged as an important influence on applied linguists’ thinking (see Larsen-Freeman, Diane. 2017. Complexity theory: The lessons continue. In Lourdes Ortega & Zhao Hong Han (eds.), Complexity theory and language development: In celebration of Diane Larsen-Freeman, 11–50. Amsterdam: John Benjamins). The fact that CDST has continued to permeate questions throughout the field is to be expected and welcomed.
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Amerstorfer, Carmen M. "The dynamism of strategic learning: Complexity theory in strategic L2 development." Studies in Second Language Learning and Teaching 10, no. 1 (March 29, 2020): 21–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/ssllt.2020.10.1.2.
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Learners of foreign languages (L2s) apply strategies to support learning processes and L2 development. They select strategies according to their individual needs and preferences and adjust their strategic actions to suit situational circumstances and contextual conditions. A holistic investigation of strategic L2 learning processes requires the integration of numerous interconnected, flexibly-interacting influences, which are at constant interplay with each other and whose development is difficult to predict. Validated as effective in other fields of applied linguistics, complex dynamic systems theory (CDST) can also provide an appropriate frame for researching strategic L2 learning. Based on state-of-the-art methodological guidance for complexity research, this article presents the re-analysis of empirical data from a previous study through a complexity lens. It further examines the suitability of CDST in strategy research, explores its practical value, and demonstrates that a complexity perspective can generate new, profound information about strategic learning.
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ROKOSZEWSKA, KATARZYNA. "The relationships between the average semester growth rates of lexical sophistication in L2 English writing at secondary school: A learner corpus analysis." Glottodidactica. An International Journal of Applied Linguistics 48, no. 1 (July 1, 2021): 81–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/gl.2021.48.1.05.
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In line with Complex Dynamic Systems Theory (CDST), the aim of the paper is to examine dynamics and causality among the growth rates of lexical sophistication in L2 writing development. The study was based on The Written English Developmental Corpus of Polish Learners (WEDCPL) which consists of over 1,900 essays composed during 21 repeated measurements by 100 learners over three years (2014–2017) at secondary school. Lexical sophistication, operationalised as different frequency levels, was analysed with the Lextutor software (Cobb 2014). The results indicated that the learners relied on the first frequency level. The monthly growth rates (MGRs) of the frequency levels were variable but no significant peaks were registered. The relationships between the average semester growth rates (ASGRs) revealed competition between the first and higher frequency levels, and some support between the higher levels. Thus, developing learners’ lexis beyond the first level counteracts the production of lexically unsophisticated texts and supports the use of more advanced words.
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Rokoszewska, Katarzyna. "Accuracy and complexity as connected growers in L2 English speech at secondary school – a case study of a good, average, and poor language learner." Neofilolog, no. 56/1 (March 31, 2021): 71–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/n.2021.56.1.6.
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Complex Dynamic Systems Theory (CDST), which originated in the natural sciences, has recently been applied to second language acquisition, underlining the interdisciplinary character of this humanistic discipline. According to this theory, language is a complex dynamic system consisting of subsystems which develop in a non-linear way, forming different kinds of supportive, competitive, or conditional relationships. What is more, these subsystems compete for the learner’s limited resources, which causes trade-offs within and between language subsystems, such as complexity, accuracy, and fluency, especially in speech. The present paper constitutes a part of a short series of articles which present different aspects of the same longitudinal case study on the development of L2 English speech at secondary school. The aim of this paper is to examine the relationships between language accuracy and a number of specific measures of syntactic complexity, i.e. general sentence complexity, subordination, coordination, and nominalisation; as well as lexical complexity, i.e. lexical density, sophistication, and variation, in the case of a good, average, and poor language learner at secondary school. In general, the results showed that the relationships between the selected variables fluctuated over time and often differed in the case of a good, average, and poor language learner.
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Rokoszewska, Katarzyna Joanna. "Fluency and complexity as coupled growers in speaking English at secondary school – A case study of a good, average, and poor language learner." Linguistics Beyond and Within (LingBaW) 6 (December 30, 2020): 160–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.31743/lingbaw.11838.
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One of the main assumptions of Complex Dynamic Systems Theory (CDST) is that internally complex language subsystems develop non-linearly while entering different kinds of supportive, competitive, conditional, or dual relationships which are characterised by trade-offs caused by learners’ restricted cognitive processing, especially in foreign language speech. The present paper belongs to a short series of articles which examines various aspects of the development of L2 English speech at secondary school on basis of the same longitudinal, exploratory, and corpus-based case study. The aim of this paper is to investigate the dynamics of the relationships between fluency and both syntactic and lexical complexity in the speech of a good, average, and poor language learner at the level of secondary school. Syntactic complexity was investigated in terms of general sentence complexity, subordination, coordination, and nominalisation, whereas lexical complexity was construed in terms of lexical density, sophistication, and variation. In general, the results indicated predominantly supportive relationships between fluency and different measures of syntactic complexity but competitive or dual relationships between fluency and lexical complexity. However, the relationships between the selected variables fluctuated over time and often differed in the case of a good, average, and poor language learner.
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Rokoszewska, Katarzyna. "Intra-Individual Variability in the Emergence of Complexity, Accuracy and Fluency in Speaking English at Secondary School: A Case Study of a Good, Average and Poor Language Learner." Anglica Wratislaviensia 57 (October 4, 2019): 181–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.19195/0301-7966.57.14.
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According to Complex Dynamic Systems Theory CDST, language is a complex dynamic system consisting of subsystems which show a lot of variability, especially during intensive development. Second language development is generally connected with an increase in complexity, accuracy and fluency but there are trade-offs within and between these language subcomponents. What is more, intra-individual variability, defined as differences in the level of developmental variables within individuals and between repeated measurements, is said to be an important developmental phenomenon. The aim of this article is to analyze the relationships between different measures of syntactic complexity, lexical complexity, accuracy and fluency, and to examine intra-individual variability with respect to the rate of development in longitudinal oral data provided by a good, average and poor language learner at the level of secondary school. Generally, the results of the study show some statistically significant differences between the learners in the development of these language subsystems but no such differences in intra-individual variability. Nevertheless, the study indicates a strong, positive correlation between the learners’ level of intra-individual variability and the rate of development of the language subsystems in speech at this level.
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Pawlak, Mirosław. "Review of Complexity perspectives on researching language learner and teacher psychology; Editors: Richard J. Sampson, Richard S. Pinner; Publisher: Multilingual Matters, 2021; ISBN: 9781788923545; Pages: 304." Studies in Second Language Learning and Teaching 11, no. 1 (March 29, 2021): 165–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/ssllt.2021.11.1.8.
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One thing that immediately struck me when I sat down to write this piece was the realization that this is yet another review of a book devoted to the application of complex dynamic systems theory (CDST) to second and foreign language (L2) education. On the one hand, this might appear a little strange since I am certainly not an ardent believer in this theory and while I do recognize some of its merits, I have not used it as a theoretical framework in any of the studies I have conducted so far. On the other hand, though, the reason why I am attracted to publications on this topic could be that I am still waiting for someone to convince me that it is indeed the “silver bullet” that will not only help us disentangle the intricacies of L2 learning and teaching but also offer pedagogically sound insights that will contribute to more effective instruction. In fact, I finished my previous review of a recent book dealing with CDST-driven research methods in applied linguistics with the following comment: “I hope that Phil Hiver and Ali Al-Hoorie will continue their efforts to show the utility of CDST and perhaps one day they will also write a book about how adopting complexity theory can actually translate into more effective instruction in the language classroom” (Pawlak, 2020a, p. 394). As fate would have it, a different tandem of scholars has decided to confront this formidable challenge. Richard J. Samson and Richard S. Pinner state in the introduction to their edited volume: “We united under the motto complexity should be made simple [emphasis in original]. Our aim was to make complexity paradigms and research more accessible to people like ourselves, that is, practitioning language teachers who also engage in research” (p. 6). When going over the successive chapters included in this edited collection, I was constantly asking myself if the authors were succeeding in accomplishing this undoubtedly ambitious goal, and it is this vital issue that the review focuses on. Given the nature of the book and limitations of space, I am not going to describe in detail, let alone evaluate, each of the chapters. Rather, the comments are meant to refer to the entire publication, even though they might be illustrated by examples taken from specific papers.
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Bowyer, David. "An Exploration of Recursive Conversations and Learner Performance." JALT Postconference Publication 2019, no. 1 (August 31, 2020): 245. http://dx.doi.org/10.37546/jaltpcp2019-29.
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According to complex dynamic systems theory (CDST), L2 learning is a nonlinear process in which learners’ language systems are always changing and iterating through interactions with the learning environment (Larsen-Freeman, 2019). Recursive conversations (RCs) are a type of classroom practice that was developed from CDST, providing learners with iterative conversation practice and reflection opportunities (Kindt, 2004). Research published by Bowyer (2019) showed that learners believed that RCs enabled them to achieve increased performance in conversation. This present study is an attempt to explore this belief by examining the performance of four selected learners and to explain the changes through a detailed account of their experiences. A mixed methods exploratory-explanatory approach, utilizing quantitative performance analysis of transcribed conversations and qualitative interviews, was used. Results showed that learners’ fluency and interactional competence improved, but accuracy was largely unaffected. Furthermore, speaking partners and feedback quality were significant factors. 複雑性ダイナミック・システム理論（CDST）によると、第2言語学習は学習者の言語システムが学習環境とともにある反復的会話活動を通して常に変化し、進化し続ける過程である（ラーセンフリーマン、2019年）。反復的言語活動（RCs）はCDSTを利用するための教室活動の一種であり、学習者に反復的会話練習と内省の機会を与える（キント、2004年）。ボイヤー（2019年）によると、学習者たちはRCsが会話におけるパフォーマンス向上に役立つと信じている。本研究では、4人の学習者のパフォーマンスに注目することで彼らのRCsを通しての学習経験によって起きた変化の説明をする事を目的とし、テキストに変換された会話の量的分析とインタビューにおける質的分析を基とした混合型探究及び説明的調査を試みた。結果として、学習者の流暢さと相互行為能力が向上したが、正確さに関しては影響が見られなかった。しかしながら、会話活動のパートナーとフィードバックの質が重要な要因を担っていることが示された。
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Lowie, Wander, Marijn Van Dijk, Huiping Chan, and Marjolijn Verspoor. "Finding the key to successful L2 learning in groups and individuals." Studies in Second Language Learning and Teaching 7, no. 1 (March 31, 2017): 127–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/ssllt.2017.7.1.7.
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A large body studies into individual differences in second language learning has shown that success in second language learning is strongly affected by a set of relevant learner characteristics ranging from the age of onset to motivation, aptitude, and personality. Most studies have concentrated on a limited number of learner characteristics and have argued for the relative importance of some of these factors. Clearly, some learners are more successful than others, and it is tempting to try to find the factor or combination of factors that can crack the code to success. However, isolating one or several global individual characteristics can only give a partial explanation of success in second language learning. The limitation of this approach is that it only reflects on rather general personality characteristics of learners at one point in time, while both language development and the factors affecting it are instances of complex dynamic processes that develop over time. Factors that have been labelled as “individual differences” as well as the development of proficiency are characterized by nonlinear relationships in the time domain, due to which the rate of success cannot be simply deduced from a combination of factors. Moreover, in complex dynamic systems theory (CDST) literature it has been argued that a generalization about the interaction of variables across individuals is not warranted when we acknowledge that language development is essentially an individual process (Molenaar, 2015). In this paper, the viability of these generalizations is investigated by exploring the L2 development over time for two identical twins in Taiwan who can be expected to be highly similar in all respects, from their environment to their level of English proficiency, to their exposure to English, and to their individual differences. In spite of the striking similarities between these learners, the development of their L2 English over time was very different. Developmental patterns for spoken and written language even showed opposite tendencies. These observations underline the individual nature of the process of second language development.
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Rychtáriková, Renata, Jan Urban, and Dalibor Štys. "ŽAMPA’S SYSTEMS THEORY: A COMPREHENSIVE THEORY OF MEASUREMENT IN DYNAMIC SYSTEMS." Acta Polytechnica 58, no. 2 (April 30, 2018): 128. http://dx.doi.org/10.14311/ap.2018.58.0128.
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The article outlines in memoriam Prof. Pavel Žampa’s concepts of system theory which enable us to devise a measurement in dynamic systems independently of the particular system behaviour. From the point of view of Žampa’s theory, terms like system time, system attributes, system link, system element, input, output, sub-systems, and state variables are defined. In Conclusions, Žampa’s theory is discussed together with another mathematical approaches of qualitative dynamics known since the 19th century. In Appendices, we present applications of Žampa’s technical approach to measurement of complex dynamical (chemical and biological) systems at the Institute of Complex Systems, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice.
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Jessner, Ulrike, and Elisabeth Allgäuer-Hackl. "Metacognition in multilingual learning and teaching." AILA Review 35, no. 1 (September 27, 2022): 12–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/aila.22010.jes.
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Abstract Metacognition has been increasingly discussed as one of the main features of learning in the 21st century (see Haukås, Bjørke, & Dypedahl, 2018). In the Dynamic Model of Multilingualism Theory (DMM) (Herdina & Jessner 2002), which applies Complexity and Dynamic Systems Theory (CDST) to multilingualism, it is argued that multilinguals develop increased knowledge of languages and language learning through experience. In this article a CDST perspective on multilingual learning and teaching with a focus on metacognition will be presented. The central sub-component of metacognition in DMM, in the form of multilingual awareness, comprising metalinguistic and cross-linguistic awareness in multilingual learners, will be discussed as a core feature of multilingual proficiency in multilingual development. In a number of studies in the Austrian and South Tyrolean context multilingual awareness has turned out as a core factor in both learning and teaching. These studies show that multilingual awareness has to be trained in multilingual pedagogical approaches in order to foster multilingualism. A holistic approach is needed to deal with the ongoing tensions between complexity, dynamics, adaptation and stability. Although it becomes clear that the nature of multilingualism can only be understood in relation to its context, it is nevertheless possible to isolate and define constant factors in an efficient multilingual awareness training as provided by the Five Building Blocks of Holistic Multilingual Education.
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Xue, Jie, Xiyu Liu, Wenxing Sun, and Shuo Yan. "Discrete Morse Theory Based Dynamic P Systems." Journal of Advanced Computational Intelligence and Intelligent Informatics 22, no. 1 (January 20, 2018): 104–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jaciii.2018.p0104.
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This paper proposes a class of dynamic P systems with constraint of discrete Morse function (DMDP systems). Membrane structure is extended on complex. Rules control activities of membranes. New classes of rules and mechanism to change types of rules by discrete gradient vector field are provided as well.DMDP system extends P systems both in structures and rules. Solving air quality evaluation problem in linear time verifies the effectiveness ofDMDP systems. Since air quality evaluation problem has significance in many areas. The new P systems provide an alternative for traditional membrane computing.
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LARSEN-FREEMAN, DIANE. "On Language Learner Agency: A Complex Dynamic Systems Theory Perspective." Modern Language Journal 103 (January 2019): 61–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/modl.12536.
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Gignoux, Jacques, Guillaume Chérel, Ian D. Davies, Shayne R. Flint, and Eric Lateltin. "Emergence and complex systems: The contribution of dynamic graph theory." Ecological Complexity 31 (September 2017): 34–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecocom.2017.02.006.
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Dong, Yanping. "Complex dynamic systems in students of interpreting training." Translation and Interpreting Studies 13, no. 2 (October 12, 2018): 185–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/tis.00011.don.
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Abstract Students of interpreting training may go through drastic cognitive changes, but current empirical findings are disparate and isolated. To integrate these findings and to obtain a better understanding of interpreting training, the present article tries to reinterpret students of interpreting training as complex dynamic systems. Relying primarily on longitudinal empirical data from several existing studies, the article illustrates how the initial state of some key parameters influences the progress of the systems, how the parameters themselves evolve, and how interpreting competence develops as a result of self-organization. The hope is that a metatheoretical framework such as Dynamic Systems Theory will allow specific findings and particularistic models for interpreting training to be integrated. Moreover, this approach may allow false dichotomies in the field to be overcome and seemingly contradictory data in empirical reports to be better understood, thereby providing guidelines for future research.
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Larsen-Freeman, Diane. "Complex, dynamic systems: A new transdisciplinary theme for applied linguistics?" Language Teaching 45, no. 2 (March 30, 2011): 202–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0261444811000061.
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In this plenary address, I suggest that Complexity Theory has the potential to contribute a transdisciplinary theme to applied linguistics. Transdisciplinary themes supersede disciplines and spur new kinds of creative activity (Halliday 2001 [1990]). Investigating complex systems requires researchers to pay attention to system dynamics. Since applied linguists study language systems that change (for example, as they develop in learners, this is a useful perspective to bring to bear on many of our concerns. To introduce Complexity Theory, I list twelve principles undergirding this perspective and elaborate on three of them: those to do with dynamism, complexity, and the role of context. I then discuss several studies of L2 development that have been informed by the perspective. I conclude by suggesting that the ultimate promise of Complexity Theory is the help it provides in humanizing science.
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Geert, Paul van. "Unfolding Potential as Dynamic Emergence: A View From the Theory of Complex, Nonlinear Dynamic Systems." Journal of Cognitive Education and Psychology 13, no. 3 (2014): 324–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/1945-8959.13.3.324.
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The process of unfolding learning and developmental potential is discussed from the viewpoint of complex dynamic systems. After a brief overview of the notions of unfolding and potential in the context of development and education, a definition of complex dynamic systems is given, emphasizing the aspects of self-organization and emergence. The concept of nonergodicity is introduced, which implies that statistical relationships between variables applying to samples of independent individuals (the classical methodological setup of educational and developmental research) do not necessarily apply to statistical relationships found in individual time series. The consequences of complexity and nonergodicity for empirical research in education and development are presented in the form of four methodological design steps, with illustrations of usable methods and empirical research focusing on individual educational and developmental trajectories.
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Larsen-Freeman, Diane. "Classroom-oriented research from a complex systems perspective." Studies in Second Language Learning and Teaching 6, no. 3 (September 29, 2016): 377–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/ssllt.2016.6.3.2.
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Bringing a complex systems perspective to bear on classroom-oriented research challenges researchers to think differently, seeing the classroom ecology as one dynamic system nested in a hierarchy of such systems at different levels of scale, all of which are spatially and temporally situated. This article begins with an introduction to complex dynamic systems theory, in which challenges to traditional ways of conducting classroom research are interwoven. It concludes with suggestions for research methods that are more consistent with the theory. Research does not become easier when approached from a complex systems perspective, but it has the virtue of reflecting the way the world works.
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MacGregor, R. J., and G. Tajchman. "Theory of dynamic similarity in neuronal systems." Journal of Neurophysiology 60, no. 2 (August 1, 1988): 751–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.1988.60.2.751.
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1. The techniques of dynamic similarity from the engineering science of fluid mechanics are applied to neuronal systems to suggest how to scale down critical parameters (such as numbers of constituent cells and synapses, synaptic strengths, thresholds, etc.) from naturally occurring systems to computer models. 2. The interconnectivity of a prototypical neuronal junction is defined in terms of the total number of projecting fibers, receiving cells, synapses, and directly connected cell fiber pairs. Critical derivative parameters are defined in terms of these, including: a global convergence factor, alpha ij, which is the ratio of the numbers of projecting fibers to receiving cells; and an interconnectivity completeness parameter or microscopic convergence/divergence parameter, gamma ij, which measures both the percentage of cells to which a given sending fiber projects (and the percentage of fibers from which a given cell receives) and the percentage of cell fiber combinations which are directly connected. 3. Analysis of the differential equations governing neuroelectric activity in constituent neurons suggests the definition of a sensitivity parameter complex, sigma ij (with components eta ij and mu ij) for each ij junction. These numbers represent the ratio of synaptic drive to current leakage in nonactive neurons. 4. A model for quasi-steady firing suggests the definition of a parameter, rho *j, which may be used to characterize the level of activity in a given neuronal population in terms of its synaptic drive and system parameters. It may be considered as the neuronal analog of the Reynolds number in fluid mechanics. 5. The analysis implies that computer models of neuronal systems should be scaled so as to keep the parameters alpha ij, gamma ij, and sigma ij for every junction at the same values as in the corresponding junctions of naturally occurring system being modeled. Equations for a scaling factor, chi, numbers of constituent synapses, thresholds, etc., are provided. The scaling method is illustrated by a computer simulation example and by application to the junction of the perforant path fibers to the granule cells of the hippocampus. 6. The analysis shows that there is a fundamental trade-off in scaled down computer models between verisimilitude at the level of network interconnectivity and verisimilitude at the level of individual neuronal dynamics. 7. The approach of dynamic similarity is discussed with respect to compression of free parameters and predictive comparison of naturally occurring systems.
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Groumpos, Peter. "Why Modeling Complex Dynamic Systems using Fuzzy Cognitive Maps?" Spring 2017 5, no. 2 (May 1, 2017): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.33107/ijbte.2017.5.2.05.
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The difficult problem of modeling Complex Dynamic Systems (CDS) is carefully reviewed. Main characteristics of CDS are considered and analyzed. Today’s mathematical models and approaches cannot provide satisfactory answers to the challenging problems of the society. The key problem of complex dynamic systems and control theory consists in the development of methods of qualitative analysis of the dynamics and behavior of such systems and in the construction of efficient control algorithms for their efficient operation. The purpose of control to bring the system to a point of its phase space which corresponds to maximal or minimal value of the chosen efficiency criterion is reviewed and analyzed. The reasons for using Fuzzy Cognitive Maps (FCMs) in modeling Complex dynamic Systems are provided. The basics of FCMs are briefly presented. An illustrative example is considered and interesting results are presented and discussed.
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Hamad, Abdulsattar Abdullah, M. Lellis Thivagar, Jalawi Alshudukhi, Talal Saad Alharbi, Saud Aljaloud, Khalid Twarish Alhamazani, and Zelalem Meraf. "Secure Complex Systems: A Dynamic Model in the Synchronization." Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience 2021 (December 23, 2021): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/9719413.
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Chaotic systems are one of the most significant systems of the technological period because their qualities must be updated on a regular basis in order for the speed of security and information transfer to rise, as well as the system’s stability. The purpose of this research is to look at the special features of the nine-dimensional, difficult, and highly nonlinear hyperchaotic model, with a particular focus on synchronization. Furthermore, several criteria for such models have been examined; Hamiltonian, synchronizing, Lyapunov expansions, and stability are some of the terms used. The geometrical requirements, which play an important part in the analysis of dynamic systems, are also included in this research due to their importance. The synchronization and control of complicated networks’ most nonlinear control is important to use and is based on two major techniques. The linearization approach and the Lyapunov stability theory are the foundation for attaining system synchronization in these two ways.
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Panek, Jarosław J., Joanna Zasada, Bartłomiej M. Szyja, Beata Kizior, and Aneta Jezierska. "Sensitivity of Intra- and Intermolecular Interactions of Benzo[h]quinoline from Car–Parrinello Molecular Dynamics and Electronic Structure Inspection." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 10 (May 14, 2021): 5220. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22105220.
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The O-H...N and O-H...O hydrogen bonds were investigated in 10-hydroxybenzo[h]quinoline (HBQ) and benzo[h]quinoline-2-methylresorcinol complex in vacuo, solvent and crystalline phases. The chosen systems contain analogous donor and acceptor moieties but differently coupled (intra- versus intermolecularly). Car–Parrinello molecular dynamics (CPMD) was employed to shed light onto principle components of interactions responsible for the self-assembly. It was applied to study the dynamics of the hydrogen bonds and vibrational features as well as to provide initial geometries for incorporation of quantum effects and electronic structure studies. The vibrational features were revealed using Fourier transformation of the autocorrelation function of atomic velocity and by inclusion of nuclear quantum effects on the O-H stretching solving vibrational Schrödinger equation a posteriori. The potential of mean force (Pmf) was computed for the whole trajectory to derive the probability density distribution and for the O-H stretching mode from the proton vibrational eigenfunctions and eigenvalues incorporating statistical sampling and nuclear quantum effects. The electronic structure changes of the benzo[h]quinoline-2-methylresorcinol dimer and trimers were studied based on Constrained Density Functional Theory (CDFT) whereas the Electron Localization Function (ELF) method was applied for all systems. It was found that the bridged proton is localized on the donor side in both investigated systems in vacuo. The crystalline phase simulations indicated bridged proton-sharing and transfer events in HBQ. These effects are even more pronounced when nuclear quantization is taken into account, and the quantized Pmf allows the proton to sample the acceptor area more efficiently. The CDFT indicated the charge depletion at the bridged proton for the analyzed dimer and trimers in solvent. The ELF analysis showed the presence of the isolated proton (a signature of the strongest hydrogen bonds) only in some parts of the HBQ crystal simulation. The collected data underline the importance of the intramolecular coupling between the donor and acceptor moieties.
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Ostreikovsky, V. A., Ye N. Shevchenko, N. K. Yurkov, I. I. Kochegarov, and A. K. Grishko. "Time Factor in the Theory of Anthropogenic Risk Prediction in Complex Dynamic Systems." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 944 (January 2018): 012085. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/944/1/012085.
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Galatzer-Levy, Robert M. "Exploring psychological complexity through dynamic systems theory: A complement to reductionism." Behavioral and Brain Sciences 28, no. 2 (April 2005): 206–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0140525x05350047.
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Dynamic systems theory (DS) provides tools for exploring how simpler elements can interact to produce complex psychological configurations. It may, as Lewis demonstrates, provide means for explicating relationships between two reductionist approaches to overlapping sets of phenomena. The result is a description of psychological phenomena at a level that begins to achieve the richness we would hope to achieve in examining psychological life as it is experienced and explored in psychoanalysis.
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Tassinari, Maria Giovanna. "Complexity in Advising for Language Learning: From Theory to Practice." Special Issue: Papers from the AILA 2021 Symposium 13, no. 2 (June 30, 2022): 182–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.37237/130202.
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Research on advising for language learning has benefited from various theoretical frameworks, such as sociocultural theory, ecological theory and, in recent years, the theory of complex dynamic systems. With its holistic perspective on second language acquisition, the theory of complex dynamic systems helps integrate the manifold aspects involved in language development. It recognizes the interrelation of individual and social aspects, of internal and contextual factors, and places the focus on the various, interconnected/ inseparable dimensions of the language learning process. In this paper I will first illustrate some principles of complex dynamic systems theory and their impact on research on second language acquisition and language learner autonomy. Then, I will focus on advising for language learning, as a means of supporting learners as they become more autonomous and they implement change in their unique learning trajectories. Drawing on research on advising from the perspective of complex dynamic systems, I will show how this metatheory helps expand our understanding of advising beyond its conceptualization as a one-to-one interaction between a learner (advisee) and an advisor, by integrating the reflective dialogue between advisor and advisee into additional processes in which both advisor and advisee are involved. Finally, I will reflect on some implications for my own advising practice.
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RAFIKOV, MARAT, JOSÉ MANOEL BALTHAZAR, and HUBERTUS F. VON BREMEN. "MANAGEMENT OF COMPLEX SYSTEMS: MODELING THE BIOLOGICAL PEST CONTROL." Biophysical Reviews and Letters 03, no. 01n02 (April 2008): 241–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793048008000721.
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The aim of this paper is to study the cropping system as complex one, applying methods from theory of dynamic systems and from the control theory to the mathematical modeling of the biological pest control. The complex system can be described by different mathematical models. Based on three models of the pest control, the various scenarios have been simulated in order to obtain the pest control strategy only through natural enemies' introduction.
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Knyazeva, Helena. "Strategies of Dynamic Complexity Management." Foresight and STI Governance 14, no. 4 (December 15, 2020): 34–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.17323/2500-2597.2020.4.34.45.
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The modern theory of complex systems changes our view of historical processes, accompanied by uncertainties, instabilities and ambiguities. The knowledge of this theory allows us to master a system or holistic thinking, and to understand the laws of functioning and growth of not just structural, but dynamic complexity. Uncertainties and chaotic elements that indicate any state of crisis are not only negative factors that we should beware of and not without fear to worry about them. We can learn to manage them and use them in the way of renewal of social systems, producing innovations. The strategic vision of complex systems evolution becomes an effective tool for decision making and scenarios planning based on our participatory activities with alternative futures. The article examines the case of Shell Corporation, which has been using scenario thinking technologies since the early 1970s, which has given it incredible competitive advantages and incentives for rapid growth and transformation into an international energy giant.
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Jei, Yang-Gyu, and Young-Ju Kim. "Modal Testing Theory of Rotor-Bearing Systems." Journal of Vibration and Acoustics 115, no. 2 (April 1, 1993): 165–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2930327.
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Since all dynamic characteristics of rotor systems are closely related with rotor rotations, the directivity of modes is very important in rotor dynamics. But the classical modal testing theories which have been applied to nonrotating structures were often applied to rotor systems. Whereas the dynamic characteristics in negative frequency region have no meanings in nonrotating stuctures, the dynamic characteristics of rotor systems in the negative frequency region which are different from those in the positive frequency region have significant physical meanings. Here a new modal testing theory is proposed to separate the rotor vibration into positive and negative frequency regions. In particular, the amplitude and directivity variations of frequency response functions in positive and negative frequency regions are discussed when using complex modal displacement. And a method to identify the directivity of modes such as forward and backward is suggested using the frequency response function obtained by the proposed modal testing theory. The whirl directions of forced responses related with the directivity of modes are also discussed. In addition, even if the anisotropy in bearings and the effects of gyroscopic moments are permitted, the relations between the right and left eigenvectors of general damped anisotropic rotor systems are evaluated under some practical conditions. If the relations between the right and left eigenvectors are given, the necessity of additional modal testing to identify the adjoint modal parameters is relaxed.
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Schore, Allan N. "Developmental affective neuroscience describes mechanisms at the core of dynamic systems theory." Behavioral and Brain Sciences 28, no. 2 (April 2005): 217–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0140525x05460045.
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Lewis describes the developmental core of dynamic systems theory. I offer recent data from developmental neuroscience on the sequential experience-dependent maturation of components of the limbic system over the stages of infancy. Increasing interconnectivity within the vertically integrated limbic system allows for more complex appraisals of emotional value. The earliest organization of limbic structures has an enduring impact on all later emotional processing.
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Su, Xuan, Jingyu Lu, Chen Chen, Junjie Yu, and Weixi Ji. "Dynamic Bottleneck Identification of Manufacturing Resources in Complex Manufacturing System." Applied Sciences 12, no. 9 (April 21, 2022): 4195. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12094195.
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Bottleneck identification is of great interest in discrete manufacturing fields, as they limit the system’s throughput. However, the bottlenecks are difficult to accurately identify due to the instability and complexity of discrete manufacturing systems. This paper proposes a dynamic bottleneck identification method (DBI-BS) that is based on effective buffers and fine-grained machine states to identify bottlenecks accurately. First, the complex manufacturing system (CMS) with strong coupling between elements is decoupled into several independent parts under the guidance of the effective buffer theory. Then, the machine activity duration method is improved through further fine-grained division, and the machine states are described by the timing flow model. The method to quantify the degree of bottleneck that restricts the system throughput (TH) is proposed on the basis of the turning point theory, and the one-to-one mapping relationship between the simulated and authentic complex manufacturing systems is also studied. Simulation results show that the DBI-BS can effectively identify dynamic bottlenecks in complex manufacturing processes, and the decoupling of complex systems can effectively improve the accuracy of dynamic bottleneck identification.
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Bougofa, Mohammed, Abderraouf Bouafia, Ammar Chakhrit, I. H. M. Guetarni, Amin Baziz, Salah Aberkane, Bilal Zerouali, Rabeh Kharzi, and Ahmed Bellaouar. "Dynamic Availability Assessment Using Dynamic Evidential Network: Water Deluge System Case Study." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1098, no. 1 (October 1, 2022): 012015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1098/1/012015.
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Abstract Probabilistic modeling is widespread in engineering practices, mainly to evaluate the safety, risk analysis, and reliability of complex systems. However, insufficient data makes it difficult to estimate the state probability of components or the global system in dynamic complex systems. Furthermore, conventional methods for dependability analysis typically have little capacity to cope with dependence, failure behavior, epistemic uncertainty, and common cause failure simultaneously. This paper presents the application of an extended discrete-time dynamic evidential network (DEN) model to assess the availability of complex systems. The model application combines Dempster-Shafer's theory to treat epistemic uncertainty over a new state-space reconstruction of components and the dynamic Bayesian network to present multi-state system dependability. This model is demonstrated in a real case study of a water deluge system installed as a safety barrier from Algeria's oil and gas plant. The results show the significant influence of these factors on the system's availability. The goal of this modeling is to assure the high availability of a safety barrier in a volatile setting by providing a decision-making tool to prioritize maintenance tasks, preventing the failure of complicated redundant systems, and recommending alterations to the design.
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Bahari, Akbar. "NONLINEAR DYNAMIC MOTIVATION-ORIENTED TAXONOMY OF L2 STRATEGIES BASED ON COMPLEX DYNAMICS SYSTEMS THEORY." Journal of Language and Literature 19, no. 1 (April 1, 2019): 9–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.24071/joll.2019.1901002.
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Galkina, Tamara, and Irina Atkova. "Effectual Networks as Complex Adaptive Systems: Exploring Dynamic and Structural Factors of Emergence." Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice 44, no. 5 (October 4, 2019): 964–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1042258719879670.
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The notion of effectual networks is one of the central concepts in the effectuation research. However, there has been little conceptual and empirical work on how they emerge and what structures they have. This article incorporates the concept of complex adaptive systems from complexity theory to understand both their dynamic and structural elements. We examine the effectual networks and networking of 10 startups from Finland and offer a process-system model of effectual networks. We derive propositions that connect dynamic and structural entrepreneur-related factors of their emergence and outline directions for future research at the intersection of effectuation and complexity theory.
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Meinhardt, Hans. "Biological Pattern Formation as a Complex Dynamic Phenomenon." International Journal of Bifurcation and Chaos 07, no. 01 (January 1997): 1–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218127497000029.
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Self-enhancement coupled with one or more antagonistic reactions is the crucial element in pattern forming reactions. Depending on the parameter, this can lead to patterns in space and/or in time which can be either extremely robust and reproducible or highly variable. Complex patterns result from a linkage of many pattern forming reactions, one pattern generates the prerequisites for the next. The support these models have obtained recently by molecular-genetic observations give rise to the hope that in the future an interplay between theory and experiment will lead to a still better understanding of this central issue. Free from functional constraints, the diversity of patterns on the shells of mollusks provide a rich source to study the properties of dynamic systems in general. Everyday, we are confronted by systems that have an inherent tendency to change. The weather, the stock market, or the economic situation are examples in which self-enhancing and antagonistic processes also play a decisive role. The shell patterns are sufficiently complex to be a challenge but also sufficiently simple to be accessible to modeling. Their one-dimensional character and the preservation of the history of their formation provide unusual help for deciphering these patterns. They illustrate the range of behavior that can be generated by modifications of a basic mechanism. They can be regarded as a natural exercise book to study dynamic systems.
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van Geert, Paul L. C., and Henderien W. Steenbeek. "Networks as complex dynamic systems: Applications to clinical and developmental psychology and psychopathology." Behavioral and Brain Sciences 33, no. 2-3 (June 2010): 174–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0140525x10000828.
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AbstractCramer et al.'s article is an example of the fruitful application of complex dynamic systems theory. We extend their approach with examples from our own work on development and developmental psychopathology and address three issues: (1) the level of aggregation of the network, (2) the required research methodology, and (3) the clinical and educational application of dynamic network thinking.
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Kusumawardhana, Indra. "Understanding The Dynamic of International System Through The Lens of Complex System Approach." Jurnal Hubungan Internasional 10, no. 1 (September 28, 2017): 90. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/jhi.v10i1.5115.
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The International Relations Study has undergone many changes in its dynamics,especially in view of the dynamic conditions of world politics. It directly influences the development of the IR study. This paper discusses how the theory of complex systems explain the dynamics of the international system after the end of the Cold War. Through the theory, the author seeks to see the changes that occur in interstate interaction, especially in the framework of thinking about the interests of each country. Interaction between countries then encourage the existence of different systems between one another, depending on how the country chooses interaction groups. The author also seeks the inter-state interaction that formed into an international system can be studied from the transition process to change the direction of interaction to see how the true international system is formed through the views of the theory of complex systems.
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Sergienko, O. A., M. A. Mashchenko, and V. V. Baranova. "Modeling the Instability of Development of Complex Hierarchical Systems." PROBLEMS OF ECONOMY 1, no. 47 (2021): 143–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.32983/2222-0712-2021-1-143-154.
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The article suggests using modern instruments of dynamic analysis, i.e. the theories of phase, cointegration, and bifurcation analysis and the catastrophe theory to improve the methodology to study the dynamic pattern of the development indices of complex hierarchical systems (CHS) and their relationship. The article elaborates the main directions for creating research models, which would describe the interaction between the development indices of CHS, grounded on estimating and analyzing pre-crisis, crisis and post-crisis phenomena in hierarchical social and economic territorial systems. A conceptual framework algorithm is designed to model the dynamic pattern of the CHS development using modern economic and mathematical instruments to study the dynamics of time-series data and assess the relationship of CHS indices. Complex models have been implemented to monitor the key CHS development indices based on the phase and cointegration analysis of the relationship between the following processes: investment and GDP; GDP and industrial production dynamics; GDP dynamics and import volumes dynamics; wages dynamics and industrial production dynamics; migration and natural population growth. As part of the implementation of a comprehensive model for monitoring key indices of CHS development based on bifurcation analysis and the catastrophe theory, the supercritical Hopf bifurcation is built in the relationship model of imports and GDP; surfaces of the functions of Kaldor’s model and a three-dimensional Kaldor’s model are constructed. The suggested complex toolkit for research models of the CHS development instability gives us the opportunity to draw conclusions about the reasons and factors of the occurrence of endogenous (self-generating) fluctuations and bifurcations; about the probability of catastrophes and crises arising in complex hierarchical economic systems. The solution of problems caused by the CHS development instability on the basis of complex application of phase, cointegration and bifurcation analysis will allow us to predict crisis situations in advance and to offer methods of their prevention, to find complex ways out of crisis situations.
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Seliverstova, Anna. "The theory of dynamic chaos in the socio-philosophical and social studies." Науково-теоретичний альманах "Грані" 22, no. 2 (April 22, 2019): 40–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/171921.
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The article discusses the application of the theory of dynamic chaos to the study of social phenomena. Appeal to the origins of the creation of the theory of dynamic chaos in natural science (A. Poincaré, I. Prigogine, E. Lorenz, and others) revealed nonlinear dynamic systems in the natural environment (turbulent flows, atmosphere, biological populations, etc.). The category of “chaos” is now firmly established in the arsenal of the social sciences and humanities, although only recently it referred exclusively to natural science knowledge (the theory of chaos in mathematics, physics, biology, etc.). In synergetics, for the first time, the description of self-organization processes as a mutual transition of order and chaos was proposed by I.R. Prigogine.But in the social sciences such systems are society, its economic, political and other spheres, which have the properties of non-closure, instability and non-linear development. In Ukrainian philosophical thought, one of the first works in which the problem of the development of nonlinear self-developing systems was highlighted was the work of I.S. Dobronravova (1991). Scientific monograph I.V. Yershova-Babenko (1992) also had a significant impact on the development of studies of complex non-linear systems, since for the first time the system of the human psyche was considered as a non-linear self-organized system. The psycho-synergetic model of social reality is based on the fact that social reality is a psychomeric environment, i.e. a complex nonlinear system consisting of other complex nonlinear integrity, which are determined by phase transitions between different states of chaos and order. The application of chaos theory is also possible at the micro and macro levels of social research, which is presented by Ukrainian researchers in synergetics (I. S. Dobronravova, L. Finkel) and in psychosynergetics (I.V. Yershova-Babenko), L. Bevzenko and others.
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Nangolo, Fillemon Nduvu. "Modal Parameter Estimation for Underdamped Linear Dynamic Systems." Applied Mechanics and Materials 486 (December 2013): 233–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.486.233.
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Modal parameter estimation is the estimation of frequency, damping ratio, and modal coefficients from experimental data. Modal analysis techniques are a common method used to determine these properties. The Least-Squares Complex Exponential (LSCE) and the Eigensystem Realization Algorithm (ERA) are one of the popular methods of modal analysis techniques. This paper presents an experimental verification of the LSCE and ERA methods. The investigation focuses on the estimation of natural frequencies, damping ratio and modal coefficients. To investigate this, artificial analytical data were processed in MATLAB environment to estimate the modal parameters. The identified vibration parameters from the LSCE and ERA were compared with the values based on classical dynamic theory, and the natural frequency and damping ratios percent of error were calculated.
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SEECHARAN, TURUNA S., and GORDON J. SAVAGE. "METAMODEL-BASED PROBABILISTIC DESIGN OPTIMIZATION OF STATIC SYSTEMS WITH AN EXTENSION TO DYNAMIC SYSTEMS." International Journal of Reliability, Quality and Safety Engineering 18, no. 04 (August 2011): 305–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218539311004263.
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In design, much research deals with cases where design variables are deterministic thus ignoring possible uncertainties present in manufacturing or environmental conditions. When uncertainty is considered, the design variables follow a particular distribution whose parameters are defined. Probabilistic design aims to reduce the probability of failure of a system by moving the distribution parameters of the design variables. The most popular method to estimate the probability of failure is a Monte Carlo Simulation where, using the distribution parameters, many runs are generated and the number of times the system does not meet specifications is counted. This method, however, can become time-consuming as the mechanistic model developed to model a physical system becomes increasingly complex. From structural reliability theory, the First Order Reliability Method (FORM) is an efficient method to estimate probability and efficiently moves the parameters to reduce failure probability. However, if the mechanistic model is too complex FORM becomes difficult to use. This paper presents a methodology to use approximating functions, called 'metamodels', with FORM to search for a design that minimizes the probability of failure. The method will be applied to three examples and the accuracy and speed of this metamodel-based probabilistic design method will be discussed. The speed and accuracy of three popular metamodels, the response surface model, the Radial Basis Function and the Kriging model are compared. Later, some theory will be presented on how the method can be applied to systems with a dynamic performance measure where the response lifetime is required to computer another performance measure.
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Best, Allan, Alex Berland, Trisha Greenhalgh, Ivy L. Bourgeault, Jessie E. Saul, and Brittany Barker. "Networks as systems." Journal of Health Organization and Management 32, no. 1 (March 19, 2018): 9–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jhom-06-2017-0129.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to present a case study of the World Health Organization’s Global Healthcare Workforce Alliance (GHWA). Based on a commissioned evaluation of GHWA, it applies network theory and key concepts from systems thinking to explore network emergence, effectiveness, and evolution to over a ten-year period. The research was designed to provide high-level strategic guidance for further evolution of global governance in human resources for health (HRH). Design/methodology/approach Methods included a review of published literature on HRH governance and current practice in the field and an in-depth case study whose main data sources were relevant GHWA background documents and key informant interviews with GHWA leaders, staff, and stakeholders. Sampling was purposive and at a senior level, focusing on board members, executive directors, funders, and academics. Data were analyzed thematically with reference to systems theory and Shiffman’s theory of network development. Findings Five key lessons emerged: effective management and leadership are critical; networks need to balance “tight” and “loose” approaches to their structure and processes; an active communication strategy is key to create and maintain support; the goals, priorities, and membership must be carefully focused; and the network needs to support shared measurement of progress on agreed-upon goals. Shiffman’s middle-range network theory is a useful tool when guided by the principles of complex systems that illuminate dynamic situations and shifting interests as global alliances evolve. Research limitations/implications This study was implemented at the end of the ten-year funding cycle. A more continuous evaluation throughout the term would have provided richer understanding of issues. Experience and perspectives at the country level were not assessed. Practical implications Design and management of large, complex networks requires ongoing attention to key issues like leadership, and flexible structures and processes to accommodate the dynamic reality of these networks. Originality/value This case study builds on growing interest in the role of networks to foster large-scale change. The particular value rests on the longitudinal perspective on the evolution of a large, complex global network, and the use of theory to guide understanding.
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Pogosyan, Vardgues. "Change And Variability Of Phenomena In Complex Social Systems." WISDOM 13, no. 2 (December 26, 2019): 95–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.24234/wisdom.v13i2.276.
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The discourse of chaos theory is used in the description of non-linear processes of social change. Comparing to the mainstream theories of the linear pattern, chaos theory shows significant expansion of the heuristic capabilities in the interpretation of asynchrony and polyvariance of the observed phenomena. A methodological separation of predictability and determinism in the study of socio-dynamics has been carried out. The circumstance that determines the formation of the corresponding attractors is the invariant components of the civilization matrix of society. The sociocultural factor, together with the activation of negative feedbacks, is decisive in the problem of absorption by the system of new information, determining the methods and limits of the reception of innovations. In part of the study of the relative homeostatic state of the system in socio-dynamic and for a detailed analysis of the order parameters, the set of which is unique for each specific cultural type, it recommended to use as a complement research tool the civilizational approach explaining local specificity.
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Dou, Qiang, Guohua Li, and Yuan Tang. "Oral English Development of EFL Learners from the Perspective of Complexity Dynamic Theory." Complexity 2021 (June 22, 2021): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/9965139.
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With the development of economic globalization and cultural integration, the learning of a second language has become increasingly important for economic, political, and cultural exchanges in the world today. Complex dynamic system theory is an important research theory of foreign language learning methods for nonnative speakers. However, the research and application of the complex dynamic system theory in oral foreign language learning of English as a Foreign Language (EFL) learners are not prominent. The purpose of this paper is to explore the learning situation of oral English of EFL learners from the perspective of the complex dynamic system theory and provide some new learning methods and suggestions for EFL learners’ oral English learning based on the research of complex dynamic system theory. First, this article discusses and analyzes the current situation of oral English learning of EFL learners through literature research and a questionnaire survey. Then, based on the related research on the theory of complex dynamic systems, this article proposes countermeasures and learning method recommendations for the problems existing in the current oral English learning of EFL learners. After that, this paper sets up a controlled test of oral English learning through the learning method formulated by the complex dynamic system theory and verifies the learning effect of the oral English learning method proposed in this paper according to the mathematical theory research method of the complex dynamic system. Finally, this article discusses the reliability of the experimental research conclusions based on the error analysis and confidence level estimation of the experimental results. The research results show shows that there is 95% confidence that the second language learning method proposed in this paper under the perspective of the complex dynamic system theory has a positive effect on the oral English learning of EFL learners.
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Ionides, E. L., C. Breto, J. Park, R. A. Smith, and A. A. King. "Monte Carlo profile confidence intervals for dynamic systems." Journal of The Royal Society Interface 14, no. 132 (July 2017): 20170126. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2017.0126.
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Monte Carlo methods to evaluate and maximize the likelihood function enable the construction of confidence intervals and hypothesis tests, facilitating scientific investigation using models for which the likelihood function is intractable. When Monte Carlo error can be made small, by sufficiently exhaustive computation, then the standard theory and practice of likelihood-based inference applies. As datasets become larger, and models more complex, situations arise where no reasonable amount of computation can render Monte Carlo error negligible. We develop profile likelihood methodology to provide frequentist inferences that take into account Monte Carlo uncertainty. We investigate the role of this methodology in facilitating inference for computationally challenging dynamic latent variable models. We present examples arising in the study of infectious disease transmission, demonstrating our methodology for inference on nonlinear dynamic models using genetic sequence data and panel time-series data. We also discuss applicability to nonlinear time-series and spatio-temporal data.
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Westaby, James D., and Adam K. Parr. "Network Goal Analysis of Social and Organizational Systems: Testing Dynamic Network Theory in Complex Social Networks." Journal of Applied Behavioral Science 56, no. 1 (October 24, 2019): 107–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021886319881496.
Full textAbstract:
Grounded in dynamic network theory, this study examined network goal analysis (NGA) to understand complex systems. NGA provides new insights by inserting goal nodes into social networks. Goal nodes can also represent missions, objectives, or desires, thus having wide applicability. The theory ties social networks to goal nodes through a parsimonious set of social network role linkages, such as independent goal striving, system supporting, feedback, goal preventing, supportive resisting, and system negating (i.e., those who are upset with others in the pursuit). Moreover, we extend the theory’s system reactance role linkage to better account for constructive conflicts. Two complex systems were examined: a team’s mission and an individual’s work project. In support of dynamic network theory, using the Quadratic Assignment Procedure, results demonstrated significant shared goal striving, system supporting, and shared connections between goal striving and system supporting. These findings manifest what we coin as multipendence: Systems having some actions independently involved with goals, while others are dependently involved in the associated network. NGA also demonstrated that the goal nodes manifested strong betweenness centrality, indicating that goal striving and feedback links were connecting entities across the wider system. Strategies to plan network goal interventions are illustrated with implications for practice.