Books on the topic 'Complex drives'

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1

A, Lipo T., ed. Vector control and dynamics of AC drives. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1996.

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2

Man of all passions: The conflicting drives and complex desires of a man of God. Colorado Springs, Colo: NavPress, 1995.

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3

Michael, Meyer. The Alexander complex: The dreams that drive the great businessmen. New York, N.Y: Times Books, 1989.

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4

Kicenski, Karyl. Cashing in on crime: The drive to privatize California state prisons. Boulder, Colorado: FirstForumPress, Inc., 2014.

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5

Khan, Ameer Hamza, Xinwei Cao, and Shuai Li. Management and Intelligent Decision-Making in Complex Systems: An Optimization-Driven Approach. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-9392-5.

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6

Shang, Chao. Dynamic Modeling of Complex Industrial Processes: Data-driven Methods and Application Research. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-6677-1.

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7

Kantin, Robert F. Quality selling through quality proposals: A no-nonsense guide to complex, customer-driven sales. Dallas, Tex: Minehan Quality Press, 1991.

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8

Parlakbilek, Ahmet N. Multiple strength and multiple delay techniques for compiled code event driven logic simulation. Ottawa: National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1993.

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9

Society, Philippine Futuristics. The Philippines 2000/MTPDP: Implementing the newly industrializing country vision, strategy, and management : conference report , 08-09 July 1993, CRC Dizon Hall, CRC Building, Pearl Drive, Ortigas Complex, Pasig M.M. Pasig]: Philippine Futuristics Society, 1993.

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10

Aaron R. Kipnis Ph.D. The Midas Complex: How Money Drives Us Crazy and What We Can Do About It. Indigo Phoenix Books, 2013.

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11

B, Graen George, and Graen Joni A, eds. Knowledge-driven corporation: Complex creative destruction. Charlotte, NC: IAP, 2008.

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12

Measurement Driven Simulation of Complex Engineering Systems. Amsterdam University Press, 2007.

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13

Fong, Benjamin Y. Death and Mastery. Columbia University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.7312/columbia/9780231176682.001.0001.

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In this masterful and enlivening study of the ways in which the concepts of death and mastery have been elaborated in Freudian and post-Freudian social theory, Ben Fong has given us the means to think about human nature and human community now, under conditions of advanced capitalism, without succumbing to the scientism of the new neurobiology or to the social constructivism of recent historicist social and cultural theory. The argument turns on the ambiguity embedded in the notion of mastery: on the one hand, the capacity to engage creatively with the world, to master the tasks of living a historical form of life; on the other, the temptation to enslave, to compel others to exercise this competence in one's place. Fong is able to analyze with remarkable lucidity a complex array of individual and social phenomena by fleshing out the imbrications of these twinned responses to what Freud called the drives' demand for work. Fong makes abundantly clear that drive theory and social theory are strongest when thought together.
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14

Kutz, J. Nathan, Steven L. Brunton, Bingni W. Brunton, and Joshua L. Proctor. Dynamic Mode Decomposition: Data-Driven Modeling of Complex Systems. SIAM-Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics, 2016.

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15

W, Stoughton John, Mielke Roland R, and Langley Research Center, eds. Strategies for concurrent processing of complex algorithms in data driven architectures. Hampton, Va: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Langley Research Center, 1990.

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16

W, Stoughton John, and United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration., eds. Strategies for concurrent processing of complex algorithms in data driven architectures. Norfolk, Va: Old Dominion University Research Foundation, 1988.

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17

R, Mielke Roland, and Langley Research Center, eds. Strategies for concurrent processing of complex algorithms in data driven architectures. Hampton, Va: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Langley Research Center, 1988.

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18

Strategies for concurrent processing of complex algorithms in data driven architectures. Norfolk, Va: Old Dominion University Research Foundation, 1987.

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19

Traitler, Helmut. Food Industry Innovation School: How to Drive Innovation Through Complex Organizations. Wiley & Sons, Incorporated, John, 2015.

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20

Traitler, Helmut. Food Industry Innovation School: How to Drive Innovation Through Complex Organizations. Wiley & Sons, Incorporated, John, 2015.

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21

Shang, Chao. Dynamic Modeling of Complex Industrial Processes: Data-driven Methods and Application Research. Springer, 2019.

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22

Shang, Chao. Dynamic Modeling of Complex Industrial Processes: Data-driven Methods and Application Research. Springer, 2018.

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23

Starke, Michal. Complex Left Branches, Spellout, and Prefixes. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190876746.003.0009.

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Higher-function words such as complementizers, negation, functional prepositions, definiteness particles, comparative markers, and so forth, occurring to the left of their lexical category, are argued to be base-generated as complex left branches, rather than spelling out the main functional sequence. This is generalized to all (base-generated) pre-asymmetries and post-asymmetries and derived from the structure of the lexical entries of the function words, dispensing with idiosyncratic notational devices equivalent to [+ suffix] or [+ needs-to-move]. These complex left branches require a merge-XP operation, and the place of this operation in the algorithm of spellout-driven movement is discussed.
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24

Thurner, Stefan, Rudolf Hanel, and Peter Klimekl. The Future of the Science of Complex Systems? Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198821939.003.0007.

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The chapter is a mini outlook on the field. The classic achievenments in complexity science are mentioned, and we summarize how the new directions contained in this book might open new doors into a truly twenty-first-century science of complex systems.We do that by clarifying the origin of scaling laws, in particular for driven non-equilibrium systems, deriving the statistics of driven systems on the basis of driving and relaxing processes, categorizing probabilistic complex systems into universality classes, by developing ways for meaningful generalizations of statistical mechanics, and information theory so that they become useful for complex systems, and finally, by unifying the different approaches to evolution and co-evolution into a single mathematical framework that can serve as the basis for understanding co-evolutionary dynamics of states and interactions. We comment on our view of the role of artificial intelligence and our opinion on the future of science of complex systems.
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25

Traitler, Helmut. The Food Industry Innovation School: How to Drive Innovation through Complex Organizations. Wiley, 2015.

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26

Zagirnyak, Mykhaylo V. Control of the Pumping Complex Electric Drive in Non-Steady Operation States. Nova Science Publishers, Incorporated, 2019.

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27

Sole, Richard, and Santiago F. Elena. Viruses as Complex Adaptive Systems. Princeton University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691158846.001.0001.

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Viruses are everywhere, infecting all sorts of living organisms, from the tiniest bacteria to the largest mammals. Many are harmful parasites, but viruses also play a major role as drivers of our evolution as a species and are essential regulators of the composition and complexity of ecosystems on a global scale. This book draws on complex systems theory to provide a fresh look at viral origins, populations, and evolution, and the coevolutionary dynamics of viruses and their hosts. New viruses continue to emerge that threaten people, crops, and farm animals. Viruses constantly evade our immune systems, and antiviral therapies and vaccination campaigns can be powerless against them. These unique characteristics of virus biology are a consequence of their tremendous evolutionary potential, which enables viruses to quickly adapt to any environmental challenge. This book presents a unified framework for understanding viruses as complex adaptive systems. It shows how the application of complex systems theory to viral dynamics has provided new insights into the development of AIDS in patients infected with HIV-1, the emergence of new antigenic variants of the influenza A virus, and other cutting-edge advances. The book also extends the analogy of viruses to the evolution of other replicators such as computer viruses, cancer, and languages.
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28

John, Eileen. Coetzee and Eros. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198805281.003.0007.

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In Chapter 7, Eileen John uses Coetzee’s exploration of sexual desire to pose questions about the normative claims of moral philosophy. She argues that Coetzee’s fiction complicates Thomas Nagel’s conception of altruism by its insistence that desire must form part of any account of apparently moral motivation, of how we are moved by the suffering of others, and moved more broadly by the good. Coetzee responds in complex ways to Plato’s model of eros, granting its transformative power, while portraying it as too deeply interwoven with aggressive and self-absorbed drives to constitute an unequivocal path to the purely ‘good’ action. Coetzee’s treatment of the self relating to itself further engages with Nagel’s and Hannah Arendt’s ideas about the moral significance of solipsism. John argues that Coetzee’s fiction explores the limits of moral philosophy, and attunes readers to the elements of risk within moral life.
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29

Morgan Wortham, Simon. What is a Complex? Freudian Resistances. Edinburgh University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/edinburgh/9781474429603.003.0004.

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This chapter evaluates the question of the ‘complex’ in a range of scientific, political and psychoanalytic contexts, asking not only where lines of connection and demarcation occur among specific distributions of meaning, value, theory and practice; but also probing the psychoanalytic corpus, notably Freud’s writings on the notion of a ‘complex’, in order to reframe various implications of the idea that this term tends to resist its own utilisation as both an object and form of analysis. This section establishes connections between three sets of theoretical questions: the common practice of describing modernity and its wake in terms of a drive towards increasing complexity; the meaning and cultural legacy of phrases such as ‘military-industrial complex’ and sundry derivations in the political sphere; and the intricacies and ambiguities subtending the term ‘complex’ within psychoanalytic theory. As a concept that Freud both utilised and repudiated, the provocative power of the term ‘complex’ is linked to the way it thwarts various attempts at systemization (providing nonetheless an apparatus of sorts through which contemporary science, Slavoj Žižek, Noam Chomsky, Freud, Eisenhower, and post-war politics can be articulated to one another).
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30

Bertucci, Bob. Championship Volleyball Drills: Combination and Complex Training (Championship Volleybl Vls 2 Ppr*). Human Kinetics Publishers, 1985.

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31

Alonso-Minutti, Ana R. Gatas y Vatas. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190842741.003.0008.

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This chapter centers on the activities of Gatas y Vatas, an annual experimental music festival in New Mexico that features solo performances by local practitioners. Initiated by young female Hispanic musicians as an attempt to counteract the white male dominance of local music scenes, Gatas y Vatas has become a catalyst of female empowerment where participants experience liberation while defying gender norms in an all-inclusive environment. Alonso-Minutti examines how the practices fostered in the festival are tied to a locally perceived freedom granted by Albuquerque’s complex cultural makeup. To the “Gatas,” the city is a place where “everything is possible.” She argues that this sentiment of endless potential drives performers to experiment with sound, noise, technology, and the environment and to engage in activities that foster a feminist ideal rooted in a Hispanic connection. The result is a community-oriented experimental atmosphere that has reached levels of inclusion and female equality rarely seen in experimental music scenes.
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32

Harris, Andrea. Conclusion. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199342235.003.0009.

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The Conclusion briefly examines the current state of the New York City Ballet under the auspices of industrial billionaire David H. Koch at Lincoln Center. In so doing, it to introduces a series of questions, warranting still more exploration, about the rapid and profound evolution of the structure, funding, and role of the arts in America through the course of the twentieth century. It revisits the historiographical problem that drives Making Ballet American: the narrative that George Balanchine was the sole creative genius who finally created an “American” ballet. In contrast to that hagiography, the Conclusion reiterates the book’s major contribution: illuminating the historical construction of our received idea of American neoclassical ballet within a specific set of social, political, and cultural circumstances. The Conclusion stresses that the history of American neoclassicism must be seen as a complex narrative involving several authors and discourses and crossing national and disciplinary borders: a history in which Balanchine was not the driving force, but rather the outcome.
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33

author, Nandurdikar Neeraj S., ed. Leading complex projects: A data-driven approach to mastering the human side of project management. Wiley, 2018.

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34

Leading Complex Projects: A Data-Driven Approach to Mastering the Human Side of Project Management. Wiley & Sons, Incorporated, John, 2018.

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35

Merrow, Edward W., and Neeraj Nandurdikar. Leading Complex Projects: A Data-Driven Approach to Mastering the Human Side of Project Management. Wiley & Sons, Incorporated, John, 2018.

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36

Thurner, Stefan, Peter Klimek, and Rudolf Hanel. Introduction to the Theory of Complex Systems. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198821939.001.0001.

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This book is a comprehensive introduction to quantitative approaches to complex adaptive systems. Practically all areas of life on this planet are constantly confronted with complex systems, be it ecosystems, societies, traffic, financial markets, opinion formation, epidemic spreading, or the internet and social media. Complex systems are systems composed of many elements that interact with each other, which makes them extremely rich dynamical systems showing a huge range of phenomena. Properties of complex systems that are of particular importance are their efficiency, robustness, resilience, and proneness to collapse. The quantitative tools and concepts needed to understand the co-evolutionary nature of networked systems and their properties are challenging. The intention of the book is to give a self-contained introduction to these concepts so that the reader will be equipped with a conceptual and mathematical toolset that allows her to engage in the science of complex systems. Topics covered include random processes of path-dependent processes, co-evolutionary dynamics, the statistics of driven nonequilibrium systems, dynamics of networks, the theory of scaling, and approaches from statistical mechanics and information theory. The book extends well beyond the early classical literature in the field of complex systems and summarizes the methodological progress over the past twenty years in a clear, structured, and comprehensive way. The book is intended for natural scientists and graduate students.
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37

McCabe, Andrew, and John Wyman. Lone-Actor Terrorism. Edited by Jacob C. Holzer, Andrea J. Dew, Patricia R. Recupero, and Paul Gill. Oxford University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190929794.001.0001.

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Contemporary lone-actor terrorism is a complex, multi-dimensional process, involving different contexts, ideologies, geographic regions, circumstances, drives, individuals, and modes of violence. Despite the complexity behind a violent incident, the outcome unfortunately is quite simple—harm and devastation to victims, families, and society. The purpose of this book is to explore lone-actor terrorism from different but complementary vantage points. One important focus is on the variability of clinical and forensic mental health concerns. In addition, this book explores other aspects of lone-actor terrorism, including law enforcement and homeland security, risk and threat assessment, geography, ethical considerations, and legal issues. Lone-actor terrorism does not happen in a vacuum. In the context of a given set of conditions, stressors, and rhetoric, many people will think about acting in some form of opposition, vocalize their disagreement or outrage, protest, and vote, in order to effect change. A very small number of individuals, however, think they have to ‘take matters in their own hands’ and act violently in order to effect change.
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38

Esler, Karen J., Anna L. Jacobsen, and R. Brandon Pratt. Transformation. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198739135.003.0008.

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Extensive habitat loss and habitat conversion has occurred across all mediterranean-type climate (MTC) regions, driven by increasing human populations who have converted large tracts of land to production, transport, and residential use (land-use, land-cover change) while simultaneously introducing novel forms of disturbance to natural landscapes. Remaining habitat, often fragmented and in isolated or remote (mountainous) areas, is threatened and degraded by altered fire regimes, introduction of invasive species, nutrient enrichment, and climate change. The types and impacts of these threats vary across MTC regions, but overall these drivers of change show little signs of abatement and many have the potential to interact with MTC region natural systems in complex ways.
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39

James, Anthony C. Psychiatric Inpatient Treatment for Children and Adolescents. Edited by Thomas H. Ollendick, Susan W. White, and Bradley A. White. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190634841.013.43.

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Inpatient treatment of children and adolescents forms an important part of modern psychiatric care. The place of residential treatment has changed: First, effective evidence-based community treatments are now more readily available; at the same time, the increasing recognition of youth mental illness has led to greater demands for admission. Admission of more suicidal adolescents with higher complexity and greater levels of violence and self-harm has resulted in a complex inpatient environment. Second, there is a drive for shorter admissions, partly driven by costs and resource limitations. The running of residential services is a complex activity, and understanding the group dynamics and careful integration of multiple therapeutic modalities by a multidisciplinary team is important to any successful outcome. There are specialized services, including eating disorder, forensic/secure, learning disability, and autism units. The outcome of inpatient care is favorable, although costly, and crucially requires managed integration with outreach and community psychiatric services.
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40

Gentile, Gian, Yvonne Crane, Dan Madden, Timothy Bonds, Bruce Bennett, Michael Mazarr, and Andrew Scobell. Four Problems on the Korean Peninsula: North Korea's Expanding Nuclear Capabilities Drive a Complex Set of Problems. RAND Corporation, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.7249/tl271.

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41

Llewellyn, Sue. What Do Dreams Do? Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198818953.001.0001.

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What is a dream? It’s a complex, non-obvious pattern derived from your experience. But you haven’t actually experienced it. Strange. Revealing complex, hidden patterns makes dreams odd. Dreams associate elements of different experiences to make something new: a pattern you didn’t know was there until you dreamt it. Patterns are discernible forms in the way something happens or is done. Some patterns are easy to spot, being certain and obvious: night follows day. Patterns in human/animal experiences are less obvious because, first, the patterned elements appear at different times or places and, second, the pattern exhibits tendencies not certainties. Spotting such patterns depends on non-obvious associations. If prompted with ‘sea’, while awake, your logical brain makes obvious associations, ‘beach’ or ‘boat’, with a seaside pattern i.e. beach-boat-seaside. But after awakening from dreaming, when your brain is still tuned to non-obvious associations, ‘sick’ may come to mind. A less obvious element of sea experiences. You tend to seasickness when it’s rough. But you also get sick if you eat shellfish, have a migraine, or travel in cars—but only if you read. Sea–rough–car–read–shellfish–migraine. Visualizing these non-obvious associations between elements of different experiences becomes dream-like. Dreaming brains evolved to identify non-obvious associations. Across evolutionary time, you didn’t want to get sick. Survival depended on being well enough to anticipate the non-obvious patterns of predators and human competitors, while securing access to food and water. Making associations drives many, if not all, brain functions. Dream associations support memory, emotional stability, creativity, unconscious decision-making, and prediction, while also contributing to mental illness. This book explains how.
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42

Esler, Karen J., Anna L. Jacobsen, and R. Brandon Pratt. Ecosystems processes. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198739135.003.0007.

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Ecosystems are assemblages of organisms interacting with one another and their environment (Chapter 1). Key to the functioning of ecosystems is the flow of energy, carbon, mineral nutrients, and water in these systems. The numerous processes involved are chiefly driven by climate, soil, and fire (Chapter 2). In cases where the key drivers are the same in different areas, then ecosystems should converge in their structure and function, which has been a motivation for comparing across mediterranean-type climate (MTC) regions. Convergence of MTC regions has been evaluated, but such comparisons at the ecosystem level are challenging because ecosystems are complex and dynamic entities. Here we review carbon, nutrient, and water dynamics of mediterranean-type ecosystems in the context of ecosystem function. As nutrients in soils are low in some MTC regions, we review how this has led to unique adaptations to meet this challenge.
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43

R, Mielke Roland, Som Sukhamony, Old Dominion University. Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering., and Langley Research Center, eds. Strategies for concurrent processing of complex algorithms in data driven architectures: Final report, for the period ended August 15, 1989. Norfolk, Va: Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Old Dominion University, College of Engineering and Technology, 1990.

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44

Strategies for concurrent processing of complex algorithms in data driven architectures: Final report, for the period ended August 15, 1989. Norfolk, Va: Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Old Dominion University, College of Engineering and Technology, 1990.

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45

Freitag, Lisa. Extreme Caregiving. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190491789.001.0001.

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Raising a child with multiple special needs or disabilities is a time-consuming and difficult task that exceeds the usual parameters of parenting. This book examines all the facets of that task, from the better-known physical, financial, and emotional burdens to the previously invisible moral work involved. Drawing from narratives written by parents of children with a variety of special needs, academic research in ethics and disability, and personal experience in pediatrics, this book begins to recognize the moral consequences of providing long-term care for a child with complex needs. Using a virtue ethic framework based on Joan Tronto’s phases of care, it isolates the various tasks involved and evaluates the moral demands placed on the parent performing them. Raising a child with special needs requires an excess of attentiveness, responsibility, competence, and responsiveness, and demands from the parent a reassessment of their personal and social lives. In each phase, moral work must be done to become the sort of person who can perform the necessary caregiving. Some of the consequences are predictable, such as the emotional and physical burden of constant attentiveness and numerous unexpected responsibilities. But the need for competence, which drives an acquisition of medical knowledge, has not previously been analyzed. Nor has there been recognition of the enormous moral task of encouraging identity formation in a child with intellectual delays or autism. For a child who cannot attain independence, parents must continue to provide care and support into an uncertain future.
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46

Sihn, Wilfried, and Sebastian Schlund. Competence development and learning assistance systems for the data-driven future. Goto Verlag, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.30844/wgab_2021.

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The continuous acquisition of new digital competences and the development of situational learning assistance systems will become more important than ever in the coming years, because the world of work is becoming more complex, more informative and all above more data-driven. Jobs are changing due to increasing digitalisation, whereby the use of modern technologies must be designed in a way, that employees can continue to work productively in the company despite these changes and benefit purposefully from digital solutions. The research results presented under the main topic „Competence development and learning assistance systems for the data-driven future“ address this problem of state of the art technologies in the workplace and their effects on workers. The members of the Scientific Society for Work and Business Organisation (WGAB) present innovative concepts and research results for practitioners and scientists and thus provide valuable input for current challenges.
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47

Pearce, Lynne. Drivetime. Edinburgh University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/edinburgh/9780748690848.001.0001.

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What sorts of things do we think about when we’re driving – or being driven – in a car? Drivetime seeks to answer this question by drawing upon a rich archive of British and American texts from ‘the motoring century’ (1900-2000), paying particular attention to the way in which the practice of driving shapes and structures our thinking. While recent sociological and psychological research has helped explain how drivers are able to think about ‘other things’ while performing such a complex task, little attention has, as yet, been paid to the form these cognitive and affective journeys take. Pearce uses her close readings of literary texts – ranging from early twentieth-century motoring periodicals, Modernist and inter-war fiction, American ‘road-trip’ classics, and autobiography – in order to model different types of ‘driving-event’ and, by extension, the car’s use as a means of phenomenological encounter, escape from memory, meditation, problem-solving and daydreaming. The textual case-studies include: H.V. Morton and Edwin Muir; Jack Kerouac and Patricia Highsmith; Neil Young and Joan Didion; Elizabeth Bowen and Rosamund Lehmann.
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48

Kraemer-Mbula, Erika, Robert J. W. Tijssen, Matthew L. Wallace, and Robert L. McLean. Transforming Research Excellence. African Minds, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.47622/9781928502067.

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"Modern-day science is under great pressure. A potent mix of increasing expectations, limited resources, tensions between competition and cooperation, and the need for evidence-based funding is creating major change in how science is conducted and perceived. Amidst this perfect storm is the allure of research excellence, a concept that drives decisions made by universities and funders, and defines scientists research strategies and career trajectories. But what is excellent science? And how to recognise it? After decades of inquiry and debate there is still no satisfactory answer. Are we asking the wrong question? Is reality more complex, and excellence in science more elusive, than many are willing to admit? And how should excellence be defined in different parts of the world, particularly in lower-income countries of the Global South where science is expected to contribute to pressing development issues, despite often scarce resources? Many wonder whether the Global South is importing, with or without consenting, the flawed tools for research evaluation from North America and Europe that are not fit for purpose.This book takes a critical view of these issues, touching on conceptual issues and practical problems that inevitably emerge when excellence is at the center of science systems. Emerging from the capacity-building work of the Science Granting Councils Initiative in sub-Saharan Africa, it speaks to scholars, as well as to managers and funders of research around the world. Confronting sticky problems and uncomfortable truths, the chapters contain insights and recommendations that point towards new solutions both for the Global South and the Global North."
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49

Vaghi, M. M., and T. W. Robbins. Task-Based Functional Neuroimaging Studies of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: A Hypothesis-Driven Review. Edited by Christopher Pittenger. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190228163.003.0022.

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The neurobiological basis of Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) has been probed using functional magnetic resonance in hundreds of studies over three decades. This complex literature can be syntheized using a theory-informed approach. At a theoretical level, separable, independent, constructs of relevance to OCD have been identified. At the experimental level, extensive translational evidence has provided an account that relates specific brain systems to these neuropsychological constructs. Parallels between neural substrates implicated in OCD and functional specialization of different brain regions suggest that abnormalities within fronto-striatal circuitry impinge on executive functions, and their subcomponents, and on goal-directed learning and habit formation. In OCD, this is reflected at a functional level in patterns of abnormal activations in particular brain regions during specific cognitive tasks. However, many issues still need to be addressed. The authors suggest that the experimental context might represent a pivotal variable that should be taken into account.
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50

Itti, Laurent, and Ali Borji. Computational Models. Edited by Anna C. (Kia) Nobre and Sabine Kastner. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199675111.013.026.

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This chapter reviews recent progress in computational modelling of visual attention. The authors start with early concepts and models, which have emphasized stimulus-driven guidance of attention towards salient objects in the visual world. They then present a taxonomy of the many different approaches which have emerged in recent research efforts. They then turn to the more complex problem of modelling top-down, task- and goal-driven influences on attention. While early top-down models have been more qualitative in nature, the authors describe several recent fully computational approaches that address top-down biasing in space, over features, and towards objects. This chapter finally provides an outlook and describes promising future research directions.
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