Relevant bibliographies by topics / Complex Disaster

Academic literature on the topic 'Complex Disaster'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 28 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Complex Disaster"

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Choe, Taeyoung, Jiho Kim, Mincheol Shin, Kwangyoung Kim, and Mucheol Kim. "Complex disaster response framework to reduce urban disaster vulnerability." Science Progress 106, no. 1 (January 2023): 003685042311527. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00368504231152770.

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Cities are vulnerable to a range of disasters that can occur simultaneously due to their complexity. Therefore, an effective disaster response plan is needed to reduce the disaster vulnerability of cities. In particular, evacuation route management is important for reducing the losses from a disaster. Efficient disaster response can be realized by searching for suitable evacuation routes and effective road network management. In this paper, we propose a disaster response framework based on a multilayered road network structure and evacuation routes based on our road network. The suggested road structure consists of three layers for the effective management of the network. An A* algorithm-based search for multiple evacuation routes under different conditions in response to an individual disaster on the configured road map provides a safe route for evacuees. As a result, the damage caused by disasters in urban areas can be ameliorated.
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Eum, Tae Soo, Eun Taek Shin, and Chang Geun Song. "A Study on Improvement of Disaster Management Resources Support System." Crisis and Emergency Management: Theory and Praxis 12, no. 7 (July 30, 2022): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.14251/jscm.2022.7.1.

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Large-scale complex disasters and new types of disasters are occurring due to climate changes and changes in the social environment. As the type of disaster changes to a complex and large-scale trend, disaster management resources are being mobilized to minimize damage to life and property caused by large-scale complex disasters. However, because there are various types of disaster management resources and a huge number of demand stockpiles are required, it is difficult task to possess and utilize resources for each type of disaster. In addition, since the response system to the occurrence of a large-scale complex disaster is insufficient, analysis is needed to improve the problems of the disaster management resource management system. In this study, a survey was conducted focusing on the disaster management resource support and system. The survey showed that the difference in perception of distributed management in the disaster management resource-related laws showed statistically significant differences according to age. Based on the results of the survey, problems and improvement plans for disaster management resources support system were derived.
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Burger, Annetta, William G. Kennedy, and Andrew Crooks. "Organizing Theories for Disasters into a Complex Adaptive System Framework." Urban Science 5, no. 3 (August 16, 2021): 61. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/urbansci5030061.

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Increasingly urbanized populations and climate change have shifted the focus of decision makers from economic growth to the sustainability and resilience of urban infrastructure and communities, especially when communities face multiple hazards and need to recover from recurring disasters. Understanding human behavior and its interactions with built environments in disasters requires disciplinary crossover to explain its complexity, therefore we apply the lens of complex adaptive systems (CAS) to review disaster studies across disciplines. Disasters can be understood to consist of three interacting systems: (1) the physical system, consisting of geological, ecological, and human-built systems; (2) the social system, consisting of informal and formal human collective behavior; and (3) the individual actor system. Exploration of human behavior in these systems shows that CAS properties of heterogeneity, interacting subsystems, emergence, adaptation, and learning are integral, not just to cities, but to disaster studies and connecting them in the CAS framework provides us with a new lens to study disasters across disciplines. This paper explores the theories and models used in disaster studies, provides a framework to study and explain disasters, and discusses how complex adaptive systems can support theory building in disaster science for promoting more sustainable and resilient cities.
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Ray-Bennett, Nibedita S., and Hideyuki Shiroshita. "Disasters, deaths and the Sendai Framework’s target one." Disaster Prevention and Management: An International Journal 28, no. 6 (November 4, 2019): 764–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/dpm-09-2019-0302.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to theoretically propose a complex perspective as the third way to understand disasters which is used to describe the Hiroshima landslide disaster 2014 in Japan. In the first half of the paper the complex perspective is explained in detail with comparison to two conventional perspectives on disasters, i.e. hazard approach and vulnerability approach. According to the complex perspective, deaths in disasters are avoidable. In the second half of the paper, Hiroshima landslide disaster is analyzed in line with the complex perspective. Also, how will Hiroshima not repeat such landslide disaster is suggested. Design/methodology/approach To develop the case study for Hiroshima, a desk-based literature review, a field site visit and five key informant interviews were conducted by the authors in 2016. The authors’ initial analysis based on newspaper reports indicated a failure in the early warning system, evacuation and severity of the hazard. Based on this, the broader literature on traditional perspectives on risk, vulnerability and complexity were mined to understand and theorize the failure in Hiroshima. Then the interviews were conducted in the city of Hiroshima to analyze the disaster from complex perspective. Findings The authors demonstrated that the Hiroshima Landslide disaster 2014 and its deaths could be explained by complex perspective. Complex perspective brings us the following suggestions not to repeat landslide disaster in Hiroshima. Political leaders at national and local levels must take up responsibilities to set a “goal” for the disaster management system to “reduce deaths.” Also, governmental and non-governmental organizations should make efforts to engage proactively with community through disaster education or through community awareness program to shift the mind set from hito-goto to jibun-no-koto (their story to our story). Originality/value Reducing deaths by disasters is essential for the world thus it is UN’s Sendai Goal One. As most contemporary sciences are based on reductionism, disasters have been described as a combination of the related components such as hazards, vulnerability. Although the great contributions from the reductionism to disaster studies, it has been said that integrated disaster management is needed since the reductionism usually give the partially optimized solution to disaster reduction. This study proposes complex approach to find comparatively total optimized solution to disaster reduction, in particular reducing deaths. Although it is based on merely one case study, this paper describes the possibility of different way to reduce deaths by disasters.
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Won, Jin Young, and Yu Rim Lee. "Complex Disaster Management Plan Considering the Connectivity of Disasters." Crisis and Emergency Management: Theory and Praxis 17, no. 5 (May 30, 2021): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.14251/crisisonomy.2021.17.5.1.

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Khatri, Ratindra. "Complex nature of humanitarian crisis: Unique dynamics of civil military relations in Nepal." Unity Journal 1 (February 1, 2020): 126–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/unityj.v1i0.35703.

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The Nepali Army in its vital role in humanitarian assistance and disaster response operation in Nepal receives reputation the world wide. Nepal is prone to disaster risk and the majority of people are living in vulnerable situation. Every year Nepal is facing different types of disasters that caused massive loss of lives and properties. Nepal has not been able to prepare any other viable alternatives in the civil society, so there is no other choice than utilizing military or security forces during any disasters. The Nepali Army has vast inbuilt resources to mobilize its troops effectively in any parts of the country. However, timely and effective disaster response is very difficult due to numerous constraints and complexities. Difficult terrain, limited road communication, inadequate resources and insufficient response capacity are prime reasons that make response operations very challenging. The Army together with other security agencies is performing role as per the given mandate articulated in act, rules, framework and guidelines. In this situation, building civil-military coordination mechanism can be an effective means to respond to the disaster. As a matter of fact, a comprehensive disaster army should continue dialogue, training and exercise with foreign militaries for better understanding and learning through experience. Despite the Nepali Army’s spectacular capability to disaster response, there is a debate whether the military is a right institution to involve in the humanitarian response operations. However, keeping in mind Nepal’s reality without compromising primary role of national sovereignty, territorial integrity and national independence, the Nepali Army should enhance its capability to save lives and property from disasters and hazards.
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Jung, M., M. Chung, and Y. Kim. "ASSESSING COMPLEX DAMAGE USING PRE-DISASTER OPTICAL AND POST-DISASTER POLSAR DATA." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-3/W8 (August 21, 2019): 181–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-3-w8-181-2019.

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<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> Combining pre-disaster optical and post-disaster synthetic aperture radar (SAR) data is regarded as desirable for timely damage assessment, which is essential for the prompt rescue operation. Due to the extreme differences between the two data, however, this combination has not been practically used in the previous research. In this paper, a method to assess the various types of damage caused by disasters using the desirable data combination, particularly pre-disaster very high resolution optical data and post-disaster polarimetric SAR data. The proposed method is a rule-based classification, and uses diverse components derived from the two data such as normalized difference vegetation index, polarization orientation angle, SPAN, and entropy. The proposed method was applied to the case study of the 2011 tsunami in Japan. The experimental results demonstrated the potential of the proposed method to assesses the types of tsunami-induced damage in urban and vegetated areas. The achievement in this paper is expected to facilitate efficient and fast disaster-induced complex damage assessment.</p>
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Cheng, Changxiu, Ting Zhang, Kai Su, Peichao Gao, and Shi Shen. "Assessing the Intensity of the Population Affected by a Complex Natural Disaster Using Social Media Data." ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 8, no. 8 (August 13, 2019): 358. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijgi8080358.

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Complex natural disasters often cause people to suffer hardships, and they can cause a large number of casualties. A population that has been affected by a natural disaster is at high risk and desperately in need of help. Even with the timely assessment and knowledge of the degree that natural disasters affect populations, challenges arise during emergency response in the aftermath of a natural disaster. This paper proposes an approach to assessing the near-real-time intensity of the affected population using social media data. Because of its fatal impact on the Philippines, Typhoon Haiyan was selected as a case study. The results show that the normalized affected population index (NAPI) has a significant ability to indicate the affected population intensity. With the geographic information of disasters, more accurate and relevant disaster relief information can be extracted from social media data. The method proposed in this paper will benefit disaster relief operations and decision-making, which can be executed in a timely manner.
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Kato, D. "Provision for Complex Disaster." Concrete Journal 49, no. 11 (2011): 11_1. http://dx.doi.org/10.3151/coj.49.11_1.

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Jackson, Robert. "The Southern Disaster Complex." Mississippi Quarterly 63, no. 3-4 (2010): 555–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/mss.2010.0010.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Complex Disaster"

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Yoder-Bontrager, Daryl. "Nongovernmental organizations in disaster and coordination| A complex adaptive systems view." Thesis, University of Delaware, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1585187.

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Nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) play a major role in disasters around the world. As they carry out disaster work NGOs are often grouped together as the "NGO sector," although their varied size, scope, focus and country of origin make generalizations difficult. Coordinating NGO disaster work has been an ongoing challenge for governments and for NGOs themselves for reasons ranging from the wishes of NGO funders to uncertainty about what coordination means to competition for funds.

This thesis uses a complex adaptive system (CAS) framework to understand how NGOs may coordinate their own work. A complex adaptive system is made up of a set of independent agents that interact with each other to form a whole entity without the benefit of an explicit central control mechanism.

The qualitative study carried out semi-structured interviews with 16 NGOs active in disaster in Honduras to explore to what extent their interactions conformed to six characteristics of complex adaptive systems - 1) schemata; 2) self-organization; 3) communication and information; 4) rules; 5) learning and adaptation; and 6) aggregate outcomes, and relations with government.

Results of the interviews showed that many NGOs have multiple links among themselves with active communication channels that depend heavily on personal relationships. Interviews showed that collaboration among NGOs has increased over the past decade, although the degree of cooperation among them was inconsistent. Interviewees found it difficult to name an aggregate system-wide outcome. Government relations were found to be mixed - many NGOs had both positive and negative things to say about their relationships with government.

The NGOs were found to have both characteristics of a CAS and factors that did not fit a CAS description. NGOs must continually invest energy to maintain a system because entropic forces away from increased organization remain strong.

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Ford, Todd D. Hogan James L. Perry Michael W. "Communication during complex humanitarian emergencies : using technology to bridge the gap /." Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2002. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion-image/02sep%5FFord.pdf.

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Thesis (M.S. in Information Technology Management)--Naval Postgraduate School, September 2002.
Thesis advisor(s): Nancy Roberts, Alex Bordetsky. Includes bibliographical references (p. 159-162). Also available online.
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Tsunekawa, Hitomi. "The interaction between humanitarian assistance and politics in complex humanitarian emergencies /." Thesis, McGill University, 2001. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=33939.

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This thesis examines how humanitarian assistance and political aspects interact in complex humanitarian emergencies (CHEs) in both negative and positive ways, how to minimize negative outcomes, and how humanitarian assistance can contribute to conflict resolution. Although humanitarian assistance has long been considered to be separate from politics, the division between the two has posed serious difficulties for humanitarian aid agencies responding to disasters and even has resulted in negative impacts on political and humanitarian aspects. In order to confront CHEs today, humanitarians need to collaborate conceptually and practically with political actors, while political actors need to be sensitive to humanitarian needs. A priority is considered the minimalist position, aiming at "doing no harm." Under the right circumstances, the maximalist approach can be viewed as an opportunity for maximizing the effects of humanitarian efforts to alleviate people's suffering and contributing to conflict resolution by employing humanitarian assistance as a powerful instrument.
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Perfetti, Marcelo R. "An investigation of Commercial Off-the-Shelf Wireless in support of Complex Humanitarian Disaster Operations in the Argentine Army." Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/17435.

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Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited
Since the beginning of this century, the Argentine Army has used Commercial Off-The-Shelf (COTS) wireless products, equipment, and communication systems to support Humanitarian Assistance and Disaster Relief (HA/DR) operations. The participation of Military, Governmental, and Non-Governmental Organizations in these activities requires more wireless coverage area. These communication systems are an integration of several subsystems that provide an initial Hastily Formed Network (HFN), but they did not provide enough coverage area to support Command and Control centers from different organizations. This thesis explore different solutions to address the lack of coverage area of the current wireless systems, analyzing new COTS technologies that could be applied to the Argentine Military HFN Centers to satisfy the new emerging requirements of HA/DR operations. This research is focused on Wireless Subsystems, and gather data from actual HA/DR experiments and exercises organized by NPS. The experiments provide analytic data from the latest generation equipment which are being tested at the NPS HFN center. The thesis determines the benefits that the applicability of different wireless subsystem would provide to support HA/DR operations in an Argentine environment based on the information gathered during field exercises and experiments.
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Noori, Nadia Saad. "Coordination Dynamics in Disaster Response Operations: A Network Based Discrete Event Analysis." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Ramon Llull, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/396129.

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La coordinació és un factor important que afecta directament el resultat de les operacions de resposta en les xarxes de gestió d’emergències. Marcs de treball i protocols de gestió de catàstrofes estableixen una base per a la col·laboració de l’organització i coordinació en el cas d’una crisi (provocada per l’home o per causes naturals). Existeixen marcs de treball de gestió d’emergències que es basen en conceptes agafats de les pràctiques militars (i.e. comandament i control) i de les operacions organitzatives convencionals. Degut a la naturalesa complexa d’un desastre o d’una emergència, l’enfocament actual està fallant per a enfrontar-se a aquests alts nivells d’incertesa i a la intensa aparició de canvis en el transcurs d’un desastre. En comptes de romandre bloquejats amb plans de resposta rígids, les organitzacions i els individus es gestionen per a enfrontar-se a la complexitat dels desastres mitjançant la formació d’estructures en xarxa. Aquestes xarxes es formen en resposta a les necessitats que es desenvolupen per a enfrontar-se a un incident de desastre. La comprensió de les característiques d’aquestes noves xarxes en les operacions de resposta a desastres és fonamental per a tot el procés de l’elaboració de marcs de treball de resposta a desastres, els quals podrien ajudar en la prevenció de pèrdues de vides humanes i béns. En aquesta investigació, s’examinen exemples d’operacions de resposta a desastres per a estudiar els patrons de la xarxa de coordinació entre les organitzacions que participen en aquestes operacions de resposta. Per a assolir els objectius de la investigació, es desenvolupa una nova metodologia per a examinar la coordinació dinàmica en xarxes de resposta a desastres. El resultat de l’anàlisi ofereix una perspectiva dinàmica que descriu l’evolució de la coordinació dels clústers en les estructures organitzades en xarxes. La comprensió de las característiques dels clústers de coordinació ajuda a identificar les tasques crítiques i les unitats més enllà dels recursos requerits durant les operacions de resposta a desastres. El treball de recerca contribueix als continus canvis en els conceptes de la gestió de desastres i crisis i canviar vers una xarxa i vers sistemes de resposta basats en funcions.
La coordinación es un factor importante que afecta directamente el resultado de las operaciones de respuesta en las redes de gestión de catástrofes. Marcos de trabajo y protocolos de emergencias establecen una base para la colaboración de la organización y coordinación en caso de una crisis (provocada por el hombre o por causas naturales). Existen marcos de trabajo de gestión de emergencias que se basan en conceptos tomados de las prácticas militares (i.e. comando y control) y de las operaciones organizativas convencionales. Debido a la naturaleza compleja de un desastre o emergencia, el enfoque actual está fallando para hacer frente a estos altos niveles de incertidumbre y a la intensa aparición de cambios en el transcurso de un desastre. En lugar de estar bloqueados con planes de respuesta rígidos, las organizaciones y los individuos se gestionan para hacer frente a la complejidad de los desastres mediante la formación de estructuras organizadas en redes. Estas redes se forman en respuesta a las necesidades que se desarrollan para hacer frente a un incidente de desastre. La comprensión de las características de estas nuevas redes en las operaciones de respuesta a desastres es fundamental para todo el proceso de la elaboración de marcos de trabajo de respuesta a desastres, los cuáles podrían ayudar en la prevención de pérdidas de vidas humanas y bienes. En esta investigación, se examinan ejemplos de las operaciones de respuesta a desastres para estudiar los patrones de la red de coordinación entre las organizaciones que participan en estas operaciones de respuesta. Para lograr los objetivos de la investigación, se desarrolla una nueva metodología para examinar la coordinación dinámica en redes de respuesta a desastres. El resultado del análisis ofrece una perspectiva dinámica que describe la evolución de la coordinación de los clústeres en las estructuras de las redes. La comprensión de las características de los clústeres de coordinación ayuda a identificar las tareas críticas y las unidades más allá de los recursos requeridos durante las operaciones de respuesta a desastres. El trabajo de investigación contribuye a los continuos cambios en los conceptos de la gestión de desastres y crisis y cambiar hacia una red y hacia sistemas de respuesta basados en funciones.
Coordination is an important factor that affects directly the outcome of response operations in disaster management networks. Disaster management frameworks and protocols establish a foundation for organizational collaboration and coordination in the event of a crisis (natural or man-made). Existing disaster management frameworks are based on concepts borrowed from military practices (i.e. command and control) and conventional organizational operations. Due to the complex nature of a disaster or emergency, the existing approach is failing to cope with such high levels of uncertainty and intense occurrence of changes during the course of a disaster. Instead of being locked-in rigid response plans, organizations and individuals managed to cope with disasters’ complexities by forming network-governed structures. Those networks are formed in response to the unfolding needs of coping with a disaster incident. Understanding the characteristics of those emerging networks in disaster response operations is critical to the whole process of developing proper disaster response frameworks that would help in preventing losses in human lives and assets. In this research, we examine examples of disaster response operations to study the patterns of networked-coordination between the organizations engaged in those response operations. To achieve the research goals, we develop a new methodology for examining the coordination dynamic in disaster response networks. The analysis outcome provides a dynamic perspective that describes the evolution of coordination-clusters in network-governed structures. Understanding characteristics of coordination-clusters helps to identify critical tasks and units beyond the resources required during disaster response operations. The research work contributes to the continuous changes in concepts of disaster and crisis management and the shift towards a network and function-based response systems.
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Nickerson, Jason W. "A Field Evaluation of Tools to Assess the Availability of Essential Health Services in Disrupted Health Systems: Evidence from Haiti and Sudan." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/30373.

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Background: This thesis presents three research papers that evaluate the current tools and methods used to assess the availability of health resources and services during humanitarian emergencies. Methods: A systematic review of peer-reviewed and grey literature was conducted to locate all known health facilities assessment tools currently in use in low- and middle-income countries. The results of this review were used to generate a framework of essential health facilities assessment domains, representative of seven health systems building blocks. Using this framework, a field-based evaluation of tools used to assess the availability of health resources and services in emergencies in Haiti and the Darfur states of Sudan was conducted. The collected assessment tools from these countries were compared against the framework from the systematic review, as well as the Minimum Standards for Health Action in the Sphere Humanitarian Charter and Minimum Standards in Humanitarian Response, and the Global Health Cluster’s Set of Core Indicators and Benchmarks by Category. A coding system was developed using all of these frameworks that enabled the comparison of the assessments collected in both countries. Field-based interviews were conducted with key informants using a convergent interviewing methodology, to gain perspectives on data collection and the use of evidence in formulating health systems interventions in emergencies. Results: 10 health facility assessments were located in the systematic review of the literature, generating an assessment framework comprised of 41 assessment domains. Of the included assessments, none contained assessment criteria corresponding to all 41 domains, suggesting a need to standardize these assessments based on a structured health systems framework. In Haiti and Sudan, a total of 9 (Haiti, n=8; Sudan, n=1) different assessment tools were located that corresponded to assessments of the availability of health resources and services. Of these, few collected data that could reasonably have corresponded to the different assessment domains of the health facilities assessment framework or the Sphere Standards, nor could many have provided the necessary inputs for calculating the Global Health Cluster’s indicators or benchmarks. The exception to this was the one tool located in Sudan, which fared reasonably well against these criteria. The interviews with participants revealed that while evidence was viewed as important, systematically-collected data were not routinely being integrated into program planning in emergency settings. This was, in part, due to the absence of reliable information or the perceived weaknesses of the data available, but also due uncertainty as to how to best integrate large amounts of health system data into programs. Conclusions: Greater emphasis is needed to ensure that data on the availability and functionality of health services during major emergencies is collected using methodologically-sound approaches, by field staff with expertise in health systems. There is a need to ensure that baseline data on the health system is available at the outside of emergency response, and that humanitarian health interventions are based on reliable evidence of needs and capacities from within the health system.
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Bare, Fiona. "Competition, Compromises, and Complicity: An Analysis of the Humanitarian Aid Sector." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2017. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/1617.

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This paper analyzes humanitarian assistance to complex humanitarian emergencies to understand why suboptimal outcomes result even when humanitarians have ethical principles and good intentions. It focuses on the International Committee of the Red Cross, the United Nations, and Médecins Sans Frontières to understand their core principles before looking at how these principles operationalize during emergencies. Challenges arise due to complex relationships with donors, local actors, and recipients, along with issues of marketization and competition. This paper’s case studies of the post-genocide Rwandan refugee crisis and post-9/11 Afghanistan explore how humanitarian principles clash with such dilemmas. In the end, humanitarian organizations are often unable to adhere to principles in the midst of crises and make compromises of competition and complicity that lead to suboptimal outcomes for the people they are trying to help. Looking to modern emergencies in Syria, Yemen, and South Sudan, it is critical to understand these dynamics and seek to improve institutions of humanitarian aid to make assistance actually beneficial for those in need.
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Leduc, Nathaniel. "Understanding Collaboration in the Context of Loosely- and Tightly-Coupled Complex Adaptive Systems." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/37087.

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Many of the technological and social systems our society has come to depend on can be classified as complex adaptive systems (CAS). These systems are made of many individual parts that self-organize to respond and adapt to changing outside and inside influences affecting the system and its actors. These CAS can be placed on a spectrum ranging from loosely- to tightly-coupled, depending on the degree of interrelatedness and interdependence between system components. This research has explored how the process of collaboration occurs in both a loosely- and tightly-coupled setting using one exemplar of each system. The loosely-coupled exemplar related to disaster risk reduction in two Canadian communities while the tightly-coupled one involved the implementation of a surgical information management system in a Canadian hospital. A list of core elements of collaboration that should be considered essential to the success of all collaborative endeavours was developed as a result: Engagement, Communication, Leadership, Role Clarity, Awareness, Time, and Technical Skills and Knowledge. Based on observing how the core elements of collaboration interacted with one another within each of these example systems, two models were created to represent their relationships. A list of considerations that collaborative tool designers should consider was also developed and the implications of these considerations were discussed. As businesses and other organizations increasingly incorporate team-based work models, they will come to depend more heavily on technology-based solutions to support collaboration. By incorporating collaborative technologies that properly support the activity of these teams—based on the specific type of complex adaptive system in which their organization exists—organizations can avoid wasting time and resources developing tools that hinder collaboration.
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Zerbe, Dominika. "Organisational challenges in understanding and implementing effective buiness continuity management strategies in a complex and critical organisation : an airport case study." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2007. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/36374/1/Dominika_Zerbe_Thesis.pdf.

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With the increasing complexity of modern day threats and the growing sophistication of interlinked and interdependent operating environments, Business Continuity Management (BCM) has emerged as a new discipline, offering a strategic approach to safeguarding organisational functions. Of significant interest is the application of BCM frameworks and strategies within critical infrastructure, and in particular the aviation industry. Given the increased focus on security and safety for critical infrastructures, research into the adoption of BCM principles within an airport environment provides valuable management outcomes and research into a previously neglected area of inquisition. This research has used a single case study methodology to identify possible impediments to BCM adoption and implementation by the Brisbane Airport Corporation (BAC). It has identified a number of misalignments between the required breadth of focus for a BCM program, identified differing views on specific roles and responsibilities required during a major disruptive event and illustrated the complexities of the Brisbane Airport which impede the understanding and implementation of effective Business Continuity Management Strategies.
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Sahin, Bahadir. "Factors Influencing Effectiveness of Interorganizational Networks Among Crisis Management Organizations: A Comparative Perspective." Doctoral diss., Orlando, Fla. : University of Central Florida, 2009. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/CFE0002709.

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Books on the topic "Complex Disaster"

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Montana. Department of Administration. Capitol complex disaster & emergency plan. [Helena, Montana]: [Montana Department of Administration], 1990.

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Kanga, Shruti, Gowhar Meraj, Majid Farooq, Suraj Kumar Singh, and Mahendra Singh Nathawat, eds. Disaster Management in the Complex Himalayan Terrains. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-89308-8.

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Klugman, Jeni. Social and economic policies to prevent complex humanitarian emergencies: Lessons from experience. Helsinki: United Nations University, World Institute for Development Economics Research, 1999.

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Mark, Janz, Slead Joann, and World Vision International, eds. Complex humanitarian emergencies: Lessons from practitioners. Monrovia, Calif: World Vision, 2000.

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World Conference on Religion and Peace (Organization). Task Force on Ethical and Legal Issues in Humanitarian Assistance. The Mohonk criteria for humanitarian assistance in complex emergencies. New York: World Conference on Religion and Peace, Program on Humanitarian Assistance, 1994.

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Bryans, Michael. Mean times: Humanitarian action in complex political emergencies--stark choices, cruel dilemmas : report of the NGOs in Complex Emergencies Project. Toronto, Ont: Program on Conflict Management and Negotiation, Centre for International Studies, University of Toronto, 1999.

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Hayes, Bradd C. Doing windows: Non-traditional military responses to complex emergencies. [Washington, D.C.]: National Defense University, 1998.

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Lukasiewicz, Anna, and Tayanah O’Donnell, eds. Complex Disasters. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-2428-6.

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Keen, David. Complex emergencies. Cambridge: Polity, 2008.

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Catastrophes in nature and society: Mathematical modeling of complex systems. Singapore: World Scientific, 2007.

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Book chapters on the topic "Complex Disaster"

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Barker, Will. "Complex Emergencies." In Disaster Medicine, 47–60. London: Springer London, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-4423-6_4.

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Ingham, Valerie, Mir Rabiul Islam, John Hicks, Anna Lukasiewicz, and Christopher Kim. "Definition and Explanation of Community Disaster Fatigue." In Complex Disasters, 341–61. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-2428-6_17.

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Forrester, John, Nilufar Matin, Richard Taylor, Lydia Pedoth, Belinda Davis, and Hugh Deeming. "Managing Complex Systems." In Framing Community Disaster Resilience, 125–38. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119166047.ch9.

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O’Donnell, Tayanah, and Bruce Thom. "Coasts: A Battleground in Disaster Preparedness, Response and Climate Change Adaptation." In Complex Disasters, 81–97. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-2428-6_5.

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Cajilig, Pamela Gloria. "Kinship as Cultural Citizenship in Post-disaster Housing Reconstruction: Narratives from Fisherfolk in the Philippines." In Complex Disasters, 265–87. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-2428-6_14.

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MacKenzie, Andrew. "The Role of Gardening in Response to Cascading Disaster on Peri-Urban Fringe of Port Vila, Vanuatu." In Complex Disasters, 199–214. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-2428-6_11.

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Svistova, Juliana, and Loretta Pyles. "Dismantling the disaster industrial complex." In Production of Disaster and Recovery in Post-Earthquake Haiti, 147–62. Abingdon, Oxon ; New York, NY : Routledge, 2018. | Series: Routledge humanitarian studies series: Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315306032-9.

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Burkle, Frederick M. "Complex Humanitarian Emergencies." In Handbook of Bioterrorism and Disaster Medicine, 31–35. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-32804-1_9.

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Martí, José R. "Multisystem Simulation: Analysis of Critical Infrastructures for Disaster Response." In Understanding Complex Systems, 255–77. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-03518-5_12.

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Mergili, Martin, and Shiva P. Pudasaini. "Advanced Methods for Simulating Complex Landslides." In Understanding and Reducing Landslide Disaster Risk, 211–16. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-60706-7_18.

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Conference papers on the topic "Complex Disaster"

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Lim, Meng Hiot, Yew-Kong Leong, Nicholas Jit Yang Tan, and Liang-Yong Ho. "Complex Scenario Planning for Disaster Relief." In the 2017 International Conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3059336.3059355.

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Shrestha, Rupesh, and Robert Jüpner. "ENHANCING POST-DISASTER RECONSTRUCTION PROJECT MANAGEMENT TRAINING THROUGH SCENARIO-BASED LEARNING." In 10th IPMA Research conference: Value co-creation in the project society. International Project Management Association, Serbian Project Management Association, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.56889/aria9212.

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Disasters resulting from natural hazards cause physical, social and economic damage. With rise in frequency and severity of such natural hazards each year, post-disaster shelter and settlement reconstruction projects are getting more and more complex. Future project managers who will be managing shelter and settlement reconstruction projects require continuous updating of their skills and knowledge to effectively contribute in disaster resilience. They require project management methodology and education to plan and implement projects that will deliver value to their stakeholders. In 2021, faculty from Technical University of Kaiserslautern in Germany as a Higher Educational Institute (HEI) together with partner institutes quickly integrated disaster related knowledge into its curriculum and offered elective course titled “Reconstruction of Shelter and Settlements after Disasters”. Through active learning strategy like scenario-based learning the course taught Master’s degree students from Civil engineering program about ways to integrate resilience into planning, design, construction process. Students worked through a storyline based on a complex problem of managing projects in post-disaster reconstruction in small groups. This paper describes the process of design of scenario-based learning. Furthermore, through literature review and from empirical evidence obtained from course evaluation survey this paper explores efficiency of scenario-based learning and identifies certain project management skillsets that can be delivered to students who want to work in post-disaster reconstruction projects. The findings show that scenario-based learning can engage students when its contents are well-structured to portray reality and complexity. A practical process for assessing, planning and delivering high value outcomes for post-disaster reconstruction projects immerses students into critical thinking and problem solving.
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Tyulenev, M. A., and Y. V. Lesin. "Justification Complex Purification Technology Open-pit Mines Wastewater." In Taishan Academic Forum - Project on Mine Disaster Prevention and Control. Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/mining-14.2014.66.

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Shibata, Yoshitaka, Yosuke Sato, Naoki Ogasawara, and Go Chiba. "A Disaster Information System by Ballooned Wireless Adhoc Network." In 2009 International Conference on Complex, Intelligent and Software Intensive Systems (CISIS). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cisis.2009.191.

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Jain, Gaurav, Sarath Babu, Ranga Raj, Kyle Benson, B. S. Manoj, and Nalini Venkatasubramanian. "On disaster information gathering in a complex shanty town terrain." In 2014 IEEE Global Humanitarian Technology Conference - South Asia Satellite (GHTC-SAS). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ghtc-sas.2014.6967574.

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Chai, Y., I. Gunawan, N. Nguyen, and J. Zuo. "Complex Systems of Disaster Response: The Case of COVID-19." In 2022 IEEE International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management (IEEM). IEEE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ieem55944.2022.9989937.

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Kang, Wei, Hiroaki Yuze, Kazuo Takahata, and Yoshitaka Shibata. "Large Scale Disaster Information System Based on P2P Overlay Network." In 2010 International Conference on Complex, Intelligent and Software Intensive Systems (CISIS). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cisis.2010.187.

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Dang, Hao, Youngbum Jun, Paul Oh, and Peter K. Allen. "Planning complex physical tasks for disaster response with a humanoid robot." In 2013 IEEE Conference on Technologies for Practical Robot Applications (TePRA). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tepra.2013.6556365.

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Cheng, Lianhua, and Ningning Shen. "Vulnerability Assessment Model of Urban Commercial Complex under Fire Disaster Scenario." In 2019 9th International Conference on Fire Science and Fire Protection Engineering (ICFSFPE). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icfsfpe48751.2019.9055811.

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Aoki, Eiji, Tatsuya Kikuchi, Kazuyoshi Korida, Naohihiro Yoshiyama, Yuki Shibata, Masaya TakahashI, and Makiko Takenaka. "Study on the Social Networking System of Disaster Prevention Using Smart Phones." In 2011 International Conference on Complex, Intelligent and Software Intensive Systems (CISIS). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cisis.2011.116.

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Reports on the topic "Complex Disaster"

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Friedman, Yuval, and Israel (Issi) Doron. Ageism and disaster situations - The case of Covid-19: A scoping review. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, May 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.5.0148.

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Review question / Objective: What is, and how is it expressed, the interaction between the phenomenon of ageism and society's attitude and coping with a disaster situation, such as the Cuvid-19 pandemic in the professional literature? Condition being studied: The covid-19 pandemic is a type of disaster situation, as the impact of pandemics is similar to the impact of other disasters in several respects: a wide range of impact affecting society as a whole, and an increase in uncertainty and long range of impacts. At the same time, pandemics stand out as being a pervasive, unavoidable and invisible danger (Pappas et al., 2009), and this characteristic blocks us from the usual methods that can allow us to regain a sense of control. It can be said that this complex reality has led to a recognition of the need for a deeper understanding of the interaction between the reality of disaster situations (or in this case - a disaster event in the form of a global pandemic), and the phenomenon of ageism, as well as the status and place of older persons in society.
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Doo, Johnny. Unsettled Issues Regarding the Use of eVTOL Aircraft during Natural Disasters. SAE International, January 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/epr2022001.

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Recent advancements of electric vertical takeoff and landing (eVTOL) aircraft have generated significant interest within and beyond the traditional aviation industry, and many new and novel applications have been identified and are under development. One promising application is rapid response during natural disasters, which can complement current capabilities to help save lives and enhance post-disaster recoveries. The Use of eVTOL Aircraft During Natural Disasters presents issues that need to be addressed before eVTOL aircraft are integrated into natural disaster response operations: eVTOL vehicle development Detect-and-avoid capabilities in complex and challenging operating environments Autonomous and remote operations Charging system compatibility and availability Operator and controller training Dynamic air space management Vehicle/fleet logistics and support Acceptance from stakeholders and the public
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Helgeson, Jennifer F., Juan F. Fung, Alfredo R. Roa Henriquez, Ariela Zycherman, Claudia Nierenberg, David T. Butry, Donna Ramkissoon, and Yating Zhang. Longitudinal Study of Complex Event Resilience of Small- and Medium-Sized Enterprises: Natural Disaster Planning and Recovery During the COVID-19 Pandemic (Wave 2). National Institute of Standards and Technology, May 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.6028/nist.sp.1267.

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Narvaez, Liliana, and Caitlyn Eberle. Technical Report: Southern Madagascar food insecurity. United Nations University - Institute for Environment and Human Security (UNU-EHS), August 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.53324/jvwr3574.

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Southern Madagascar’s worst drought in 40 years had devastating cumulative effects on harvest and livelihoods. On top of this, frequent sandstorms and pest infestations have led to severe stress on vegetation triggering a drastic decline in rice, maize and cassava production. These environmental aspects, combined with a lack of livelihood diversification and ongoing poverty, the presence of cattle raiders and restrictive government decisions, have driven the population of southern Madagascar to acute food insecurity conditions. By December 2021, more than 1.6 million people were estimated to have been suffering high levels of food insecurity. This case is an example of how multiple, complex environmental and social factors can combine to trigger a profound crisis in a territory, where vulnerable groups, such as children under five, tend to be particularly affected. Environmental degradation, together with socioeconomic and political dynamics are leaving vulnerable people even more exposed to food crises with few livelihood options or safety nets to cope with disasters. This technical background report for the 2021/2022 edition of the Interconnected Disaster Risks report analyses the root causes, drivers, impacts and potential solutions for the Southern Madagascar food insecurity through a forensic analysis of academic literature, media articles and expert interviews.
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Gregory, Joshua A., and Christine Taranto. Inventory Management of Cholera Vaccinations in the Event of Complex Natural Disasters. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, December 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada632231.

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Journeay, M., P. LeSueur, W. Chow, and C L Wagner. Physical exposure to natural hazards in Canada. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/330012.

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Natural hazard threats occur in areas of the built environment where buildings, people, and related financial assets are exposed to the physical effects of earth system processes that have a potential to cause damage, injuries, losses, and related socioeconomic disruption. As cities, towns, and villages continue to expand and densify in response to the pressures of urban growth and development, so too do the levels of exposure and susceptibility to natural hazard threat. While our understanding of natural hazard processes has increased significantly over the last few decades, the ability to assess both overall levels of physical exposure and the expected impacts and consequences of future disaster events (i.e., risk) is often limited by access to an equally comprehensive understanding of the built environment and detailed descriptions of who and what are situated in harm's way. This study addresses the current gaps in our understanding of physical exposure to natural hazards by presenting results of a national model that documents characteristics of the built environment for all settled areas in Canada. The model (CanEM) includes a characterization of broad land use patterns that describe the form and function of cities, towns, and villages of varying size and complexity, and the corresponding portfolios of people, buildings and related financial assets that make up the internal structure and composition of these communities at the census dissemination area level. Outputs of the CanEM model are used to carry out a preliminary assessment of exposure and susceptibility to significant natural hazard threats in Canada including earthquake ground shaking; inundation of low-lying areas by floods and tsunami; severe winds associated with hurricanes and tornados; wildland urban interface fire (wildfire); and landslides of various types. Results of our assessment provide important new insights on patterns of development and defining characteristics of the built environment for major metropolitan centres, rural and remote communities in different physiographic regions of Canada, and the effects of ongoing urbanization on escalating disaster risk trends at the community level. Profiles of physical exposure and hazard susceptibility described in this report are accompanied by open-source datasets that can be used to inform local and/or regional assessments of disaster risk, community planning and emergency management activities for all areas in Canada. Study outputs contribute to broader policy goals and objectives of the International Sustainable Development Goals (SDG 2015-2030; Un General Assembly, 2015) and the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction (SFDRR 2015-2030; United Nations Office for Disaster Reduction [UNDRR], 2015), of which Canada is a contributing member. These include a more complete understanding of natural hazard risk at all levels of government, and the translation of this knowledge into actionable strategies that are effective in reducing intrinsic vulnerabilities of the built environment and in strengthening the capacity of communities to withstand and recover from future disaster events.
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Journeay, M., J. Z. K. Yip, C. L. Wagner, P. LeSueur, and T. Hobbs. Social vulnerability to natural hazards in Canada. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/330295.

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While we are exposed to the physical effects of natural hazard processes, certain groups within a community often bear a disproportionate share of the negative consequences when a disaster strikes. This study addresses questions of why some places and population groups in Canada are more vulnerable to natural hazard processes than others, who is most likely to bear the greatest burden of risk within a given community or region, and what are the underlying factors that disproportionally affect the capacities of individuals and groups to withstand, cope with, and recover from the impacts and downstream consequences of a disaster. Our assessment of social vulnerability is based on principles and analytic methods established as part of the Hazards of Place model (Hewitt et al., 1971; Cutter, 1996), and a corresponding framework of indicators derived from demographic information compiled as part of the 2016 national census. Social determinants of hazard threat are evaluated in the context of backbone patterns that are associated with different types of human settlement (i.e., metropolitan, rural, and remote), and more detailed patterns of land use that reflect physical characteristics of the built environment and related functions that support the day-to-day needs of residents and businesses at the community level. Underlying factors that contribute to regional patterns of social vulnerability are evaluated through the lens of family structure and level of community connectedness (social capital); the ability of individuals and groups to take actions on their own to manage the outcomes of unexpected hazard events (autonomy); shelter conditions that will influence the relative degree of household displacement and reliance on emergency services (housing); and the economic means to sustain the requirements of day-to-day living (e.g., shelter, food, water, basic services) during periods of disruption that can affect employment and other sources of income (financial agency). Results of this study build on and contribute to ongoing research and development efforts within Natural Resources Canada (NRCan) to better understand the social and physical determinants of natural hazard risk in support of emergency management and broader dimensions of disaster resilience planning that are undertaken at a community level. Analytic methods and results described in this study are made available as part of an Open Source platform and provide a base of evidence that will be relevant to emergency planners, local authorities and supporting organizations responsible for managing the immediate physical impacts of natural hazard events in Canada, and planners responsible for the integration of disaster resilience principles into the broader context of sustainable land use and community development at the municipal level.
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Pradeep Kumar, Kaavya. Reporting in a Warming World: A Media Review. Indian Institute for Human Settlements, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.24943/rwwmr08.2021.

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The media plays a critical role in terms of shaping public perceptions, but they have a task on their hands in terms of effectively communicating a subject as vast and complex as climate change. India is among the countries most affected and yet reporting on the subject has been episodic, with peaks around the time of climate summits and in the immediate aftermath of disasters such as cyclones, heatwaves and extreme rainfall events. Through a media review, undertaken as part of the Earth Journalism Network Asia-Pacific Media Grant, we sought to understand patterns of representation in news coverage about urban drought and extreme weather events – predicted to occur more frequently and intensely in a warming world. This report details the methodology we followed, our findings and analyses them in the context of other work done as part of the evolving field of climate change communication.
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Tarricone, Pina, Kemran Mestan, and Ian Teo. Building resilient education systems: A rapid review of the education in emergencies literature. Australian Council for Educational Research, August 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.37517/978-1-74286-639-0.

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The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the vulnerabilities and inequalities of national education systems and hindered the education of millions of children globally. In response, the Global Education Monitoring (GEM) Centre, which is a long-term, strategic partnership between the Australian Council for Educational Research (ACER) and the Australian Government’s Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade (DFAT), undertook a rapid review of literature to support policymakers. The research has six evidence-based outcomes that can help policymakers to build resilient education systems and thereby enhance education quality and equity during emergencies. The COVID-19 emergency provided the impetus for this research, with much of the reported data associated with this pandemic. Learnings from past education in emergencies situations have informed the understandings of the impacts and implications of the COVID-19 emergency, and have been synthesised with the COVID-19 literature to inform policymakers about how to build resilient education systems. This report presents evidence relating to two main types of emergencies affecting education: natural disasters and communicable disease, and political conflicts. Both types of emergencies can also coalesce within the same education system, resulting in complex and often protracted emergencies. This review found that emergencies impact education in two main ways: endangering children’s wellbeing, and exacerbating unequal learning outcomes.
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Sett, Dominic, Christina Widjaja, Patrick Sanady, Angelica Greco, Neysa Setiadi, Saut Sagala, Cut Sri Rozanna, and Simone Sandholz. Hazards, Exposure and Vulnerability in Indonesia: A risk assessment across regions and provinces to inform the development of an Adaptive Social Protection Road Map. United Nations University - Institute for Environment and Human Security, March 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.53324/uvrd1447.

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Risk induced by natural hazards and climate change has been accelerating worldwide, leading to adverse impacts on communities' well-being. Dealing with this risk is increasingly complex and requires cross-sectoral action. Adaptive Social Protection (ASP) has emerged as a promising approach to strengthen the resilience of communities by integrating Social Protection (SP), Disaster Risk Management (DRM) and Climate Change Adaptation (CCA) efforts. To inform this integration and thereby support the development of a functional ASP approach, the identification and provision of relevant data and information are vital. In this context, risk assessments are crucial as they establish the groundwork for the design of effective ASP interventions. However, despite the importance of risk information for ASP and the abundance of sectoral assessments, there is not yet a comprehensive risk assessment approach, a reality that also applies to Indonesia. Although the country is one of the international pioneers of the concept and has enshrined ASP at the highest national level in its development plans, this emphasis in policy and practice has been hampered by the absence of more unified assessment methods. The Hazard, Exposure and Vulnerability Assessment (HEVA) presented here takes a unique approach to develop such a cross-sectoral risk assessment and apply it throughout Indonesia. The HEVA brings together different risk understandings of key actors both internationally and domestically within SP, DRM and CCA, as well as identifying commonalities across sectors to establish a joint understanding. The HEVA not only considers risk as an overarching outcome but also focuses on its drivers, i.e. hazards, exposure and vulnerability, to identify why specific communities are at risk and thus customize ASP interventions. Subsequently, risks are assessed for Indonesia’s regions and provinces based on this cross-sectoral risk understanding. Secondary data has been acquired from various existing sectoral assessments conducted in Indonesia, and in total, data for 44 indicators has been compiled to calculate hazard, exposure and vulnerability levels for all 34 Indonesian provinces. Findings of the HEVA suggest that overall risk is high in Indonesia and no single province can be characterized as a low-risk area, demonstrating a strong relevance for ASP throughout the whole of the country. Papua, Maluku, and Central Sulawesi were identified as provinces with the highest overall risk in Indonesia. However, even Yogyakarta, which was identified as a comparatively low-risk province, still ranks among the ten most hazard-prone provinces in the country and has a demonstrated history of severe impact events. This also underlines that the composition of risk based on the interplay of hazard, exposure and vulnerability differs significantly among provinces. For example, in Papua and West Papua, vulnerability ranks as the highest in Indonesia, while hazard and exposure levels are comparatively low. In contrast, East Java and Central Java are among the highest hazard-prone provinces, while exposure and vulnerability are comparatively low. The results provide much more comprehensive insight than individual sectoral analyses can offer, facilitating the strategic development and implementation of targeted ASP interventions that address the respective key risk components. Based on lessons learned from the development and application of the HEVA approach, as well as from the retrieved results, the report provides recommendations relevant for policymakers, practitioners and researchers. First, recommendations regarding risk assessments for ASP are given, emphasizing the need to bring together sectoral understandings and to consider the interconnection of hazards, exposure and vulnerability, including their drivers and root causes, to assess current and future risk. It is also recommended to complement national level assessments with more specific local assessments. Secondly, recommendations regarding ASP option development in general are provided, including the importance of considering side effects of interventions, root causes of risks, the potential of nature-based solutions and barriers to implementation due to local capacities when designing ASP interventions. Third, recommendations regarding focal areas for ASP programmes are outlined for the case of Indonesia, such as prioritizing interventions in risk hotspots and areas characterized by high readiness for ASP solutions. At the same time, it is vital to leave no region behind as all provinces face risks that potentially jeopardize communities’ well-being.
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