Relevant bibliographies by topics / Complex activity recognition

Academic literature on the topic 'Complex activity recognition'

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Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 28 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Complex activity recognition"

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Jalloul, Nahed, Fabienne Poree, Geoffrey Viardot, Phillipe L' Hostis, and Guy Carrault. "Activity Recognition Using Complex Network Analysis." IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics 22, no. 4 (July 2018): 989–1000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jbhi.2017.2762404.

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Fusier, Florent, Valéry Valentin, François Brémond, Monique Thonnat, Mark Borg, David Thirde, and James Ferryman. "Video understanding for complex activity recognition." Machine Vision and Applications 18, no. 3-4 (February 13, 2007): 167–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00138-006-0054-y.

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Li, Wei-Xin, and Nuno Vasconcelos. "Complex Activity Recognition Via Attribute Dynamics." International Journal of Computer Vision 122, no. 2 (June 21, 2016): 334–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11263-016-0918-1.

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Saguna, Saguna, Arkady Zaslavsky, and Dipanjan Chakraborty. "Complex activity recognition using context-driven activity theory and activity signatures." ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction 20, no. 6 (December 2013): 1–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2490832.

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Maradani, Lohitha. "Human Activity Recognition." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, no. 7 (July 31, 2022): 1983–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.45630.

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Abstract: Human Activity Recognition (HAR) is one of the active research areas in computer vision as well as human computer interaction. However, it remains a very complex task, due to unresolvable challenges such as sensor motion, sensor placement, cluttered background, and inherent variability in the way activities are conducted by different humans. Human activity recognition is an ability to interpret human body gesture or motion via sensors and determine human activity or action. Most of the human daily tasks can be simplified or automated if they can be recognized via HAR system. Typically, HAR system can be either supervised or unsupervised. A supervised HAR system required some prior training with dedicated datasets while unsupervised HAR system is being configured with a set of rules during development. HAR is considered as an important component in various scientific research contexts i.e. surveillance, healthcare and human computer interaction.
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Kashanian, Hooman, Saeed Sharif, and Ralf Akildyz. "Estimation of Walking rate in Complex activity recognition." International Journal of Computer Applications Technology and Research 5, no. 9 (September 4, 2016): 568–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.7753/ijcatr0509.1003.

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Xia, Li-min, Xiao-ting Shi, and Hong-bin Tu. "An approach for complex activity recognition by key frames." Journal of Central South University 22, no. 9 (September 2015): 3450–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11771-015-2885-z.

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Omolaja, Adebola, Abayomi Otebolaku, and Ali Alfoudi. "Context-Aware Complex Human Activity Recognition Using Hybrid Deep Learning Models." Applied Sciences 12, no. 18 (September 16, 2022): 9305. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12189305.

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Smart devices, such as smartphones, smartwatches, etc., are examples of promising platforms for automatic recognition of human activities. However, it is difficult to accurately monitor complex human activities on these platforms due to interclass pattern similarities, which occur when different human activities exhibit similar signal patterns or characteristics. Current smartphone-based recognition systems depend on traditional sensors, such as accelerometers and gyroscopes, which are built-in in these devices. Therefore, apart from using information from the traditional sensors, these systems lack the contextual information to support automatic activity recognition. In this article, we explore environmental contexts, such as illumination (light conditions) and noise level, to support sensory data obtained from the traditional sensors using a hybrid of Convolutional Neural Network and Long Short-Term Memory (CNN–LSTM) learning models. The models performed sensor fusion by augmenting low-level sensor signals with rich contextual data to improve the models’ recognition accuracy and generalization. Two sets of experiments were performed to validate the proposed solution. The first set of experiments used triaxial inertial sensing signals to train baseline models, while the second set of experiments combined the inertial signals with contextual information from environmental sensors. The obtained results demonstrate that contextual information, such as environmental noise level and light conditions using hybrid deep learning models, achieved better recognition accuracy than the traditional baseline activity recognition models without contextual information.
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Huan, Ruohong, Chengxi Jiang, Luoqi Ge, Jia Shu, Ziwei Zhan, Peng Chen, Kaikai Chi, and Ronghua Liang. "Human Complex Activity Recognition With Sensor Data Using Multiple Features." IEEE Sensors Journal 22, no. 1 (January 1, 2022): 757–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jsen.2021.3130913.

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Atif Hanif, Muhammad, Tallha Akram, Aamir Shahzad, Muhammad Attique Khan, Usman Tariq, Jung-In Choi, Yunyoung Nam, and Zanib Zulfiqar. "Smart Devices Based Multisensory Approach for Complex Human Activity Recognition." Computers, Materials & Continua 70, no. 2 (2022): 3221–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.32604/cmc.2022.019815.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Complex activity recognition"

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Singla, Geetika. "Activity recognition in complex smart environment settings." Pullman, Wash. : Washington State University, 2009. http://www.dissertations.wsu.edu/Thesis/Spring2009/g_singla_041409.pdf.

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Thesis (M.S. in computer science)--Washington State University, May 2009.
Title from PDF title page (viewed on April 5, 2010). "Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science." Includes bibliographical references (p. 105-110).
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Diete, Alexander [Verfasser], and Heiner [Akademischer Betreuer] Stuckenschmidt. "Towards multimodal activity recognition in complex scenarios / Alexander Diete ; Betreuer: Heiner Stuckenschmidt." Mannheim : Universitätsbibliothek Mannheim, 2021. http://d-nb.info/1236544218/34.

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Chakraborty, Shatakshi. "A study on context driven human activity recognition framework." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1439308572.

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Angeleas, Anargyros. "A Multi-Formal Languages Collaborative Scheme for Complex Human Activity Recognition and Behavioral Patterns Extraction." Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1526984767684238.

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Nagaraja, Adarsh. "Feature pruning for action recognition in complex environment." Master's thesis, University of Central Florida, 2011. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/4992.

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A significant number of action recognition research efforts use spatio-temporal interest point detectors for feature extraction. Although the extracted features provide useful information for recognizing actions, a significant number of them contain irrelevant motion and background clutter. In many cases, the extracted features are included as is in the classification pipeline, and sophisticated noise removal techniques are subsequently used to alleviate their effect on classification. We introduce a new action database, created from the Weizmann database, that reveals a significant weakness in systems based on popular cuboid descriptors. Experiments show that introducing complex backgrounds, stationary or dynamic, into the video causes a significant degradation in recognition performance. Moreover, this degradation cannot be fixed by fine-tuning the system or selecting better interest points. Instead, we show that the problem lies at the descriptor level and must be addressed by modifying descriptors.
ID: 030423225; System requirements: World Wide Web browser and PDF reader.; Mode of access: World Wide Web.; Thesis (M.S.)--University of Central Florida, 2011.; Includes bibliographical references (p. 40-41).
M.S.
Masters
Electrical Engineering and Computer Science
Engineering and Computer Science
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Oreifej, Omar. "Robust Subspace Estimation Using Low-Rank Optimization. Theory and Applications in Scene Reconstruction, Video Denoising, and Activity Recognition." Doctoral diss., University of Central Florida, 2013. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/5684.

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In this dissertation, we discuss the problem of robust linear subspace estimation using low-rank optimization and propose three formulations of it. We demonstrate how these formulations can be used to solve fundamental computer vision problems, and provide superior performance in terms of accuracy and running time. Consider a set of observations extracted from images (such as pixel gray values, local features, trajectories...etc). If the assumption that these observations are drawn from a liner subspace (or can be linearly approximated) is valid, then the goal is to represent each observation as a linear combination of a compact basis, while maintaining a minimal reconstruction error. One of the earliest, yet most popular, approaches to achieve that is Principal Component Analysis (PCA). However, PCA can only handle Gaussian noise, and thus suffers when the observations are contaminated with gross and sparse outliers. To this end, in this dissertation, we focus on estimating the subspace robustly using low-rank optimization, where the sparse outliers are detected and separated through the `1 norm. The robust estimation has a two-fold advantage: First, the obtained basis better represents the actual subspace because it does not include contributions from the outliers. Second, the detected outliers are often of a specific interest in many applications, as we will show throughout this thesis. We demonstrate four different formulations and applications for low-rank optimization. First, we consider the problem of reconstructing an underwater sequence by removing the turbulence caused by the water waves. The main drawback of most previous attempts to tackle this problem is that they heavily depend on modelling the waves, which in fact is ill-posed since the actual behavior of the waves along with the imaging process are complicated and include several noise components; therefore, their results are not satisfactory. In contrast, we propose a novel approach which outperforms the state-of-the-art. The intuition behind our method is that in a sequence where the water is static, the frames would be linearly correlated. Therefore, in the presence of water waves, we may consider the frames as noisy observations drawn from a the subspace of linearly correlated frames. However, the noise introduced by the water waves is not sparse, and thus cannot directly be detected using low-rank optimization. Therefore, we propose a data-driven two-stage approach, where the first stage “sparsifies” the noise, and the second stage detects it. The first stage leverages the temporal mean of the sequence to overcome the structured turbulence of the waves through an iterative registration algorithm. The result of the first stage is a high quality mean and a better structured sequence; however, the sequence still contains unstructured sparse noise. Thus, we employ a second stage at which we extract the sparse errors from the sequence through rank minimization. Our method converges faster, and drastically outperforms state of the art on all testing sequences. Secondly, we consider a closely related situation where an independently moving object is also present in the turbulent video. More precisely, we consider video sequences acquired in a desert battlefields, where atmospheric turbulence is typically present, in addition to independently moving targets. Typical approaches for turbulence mitigation follow averaging or de-warping techniques. Although these methods can reduce the turbulence, they distort the independently moving objects which can often be of great interest. Therefore, we address the problem of simultaneous turbulence mitigation and moving object detection. We propose a novel three-term low-rank matrix decomposition approach in which we decompose the turbulence sequence into three components: the background, the turbulence, and the object. We simplify this extremely difficult problem into a minimization of nuclear norm, Frobenius norm, and L1 norm. Our method is based on two observations: First, the turbulence causes dense and Gaussian noise, and therefore can be captured by Frobenius norm, while the moving objects are sparse and thus can be captured by L1 norm. Second, since the object's motion is linear and intrinsically different than the Gaussian-like turbulence, a Gaussian-based turbulence model can be employed to enforce an additional constraint on the search space of the minimization. We demonstrate the robustness of our approach on challenging sequences which are significantly distorted with atmospheric turbulence and include extremely tiny moving objects. In addition to robustly detecting the subspace of the frames of a sequence, we consider using trajectories as observations in the low-rank optimization framework. In particular, in videos acquired by moving cameras, we track all the pixels in the video and use that to estimate the camera motion subspace. This is particularly useful in activity recognition, which typically requires standard preprocessing steps such as motion compensation, moving object detection, and object tracking. The errors from the motion compensation step propagate to the object detection stage, resulting in miss-detections, which further complicates the tracking stage, resulting in cluttered and incorrect tracks. In contrast, we propose a novel approach which does not follow the standard steps, and accordingly avoids the aforementioned difficulties. Our approach is based on Lagrangian particle trajectories which are a set of dense trajectories obtained by advecting optical flow over time, thus capturing the ensemble motions of a scene. This is done in frames of unaligned video, and no object detection is required. In order to handle the moving camera, we decompose the trajectories into their camera-induced and object-induced components. Having obtained the relevant object motion trajectories, we compute a compact set of chaotic invariant features, which captures the characteristics of the trajectories. Consequently, a SVM is employed to learn and recognize the human actions using the computed motion features. We performed intensive experiments on multiple benchmark datasets, and obtained promising results. Finally, we consider a more challenging problem referred to as complex event recognition, where the activities of interest are complex and unconstrained. This problem typically pose significant challenges because it involves videos of highly variable content, noise, length, frame size ... etc. In this extremely challenging task, high-level features have recently shown a promising direction as in [53, 129], where core low-level events referred to as concepts are annotated and modeled using a portion of the training data, then each event is described using its content of these concepts. However, because of the complex nature of the videos, both the concept models and the corresponding high-level features are significantly noisy. In order to address this problem, we propose a novel low-rank formulation, which combines the precisely annotated videos used to train the concepts, with the rich high-level features. Our approach finds a new representation for each event, which is not only low-rank, but also constrained to adhere to the concept annotation, thus suppressing the noise, and maintaining a consistent occurrence of the concepts in each event. Extensive experiments on large scale real world dataset TRECVID Multimedia Event Detection 2011 and 2012 demonstrate that our approach consistently improves the discriminativity of the high-level features by a significant margin.
Ph.D.
Doctorate
Electrical Engineering and Computing
Engineering and Computer Science
Computer Engineering
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Santoro, Lyse. "Appretement et présentation d'un anticorps monoclonal murin par une lignée monocytaire ou lymphocytaire B humaine : influence de la liaison covalente entre anticorps et fragment C3b du complément." Grenoble 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994GRE10126.

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La proteine c3 du complement influence l'elaboration de la reponse immune specifique dirigee contre un antigene defini. L'etude presentee dans cette these contribue a demontrer que le fragment c3b du complement, en se fixant de facon covalente a un antigene d'origine exogene, module l'appretement de l'antigene par une cellule presentatrice de l'antigene. Des donnees bibliographiques recentes concernant l'appretement d'antigenes, le fragment c3b et son implication dans la reponse immune specifique sont presentees dans un chapitre d'introduction. L'etude experimentale decrite a ete realisee en utilisant des anticorps monoclonaux murins comme antigenes et des cellules monocytaires ou lymphocytaires b humaines comme cellules presentatrices ; des complexes covalents anticorps monoclonaux-c3b ont ete produits et caracterises. Les resultats obtenus sont exposes dans trois chapitres. Dans un premier chapitre, des experiences montrent que la presentation d'anticorps monoclonaux murins a des cellules t humaines specifiques de ces anticorps est modulee lorsqu'ils sont complexes au fragment c3b. Puis certaines des principales etapes de l'appretement des anticorps utilises sont caracterisees dans des cellules monocytaires u937 ou lymphocytaires b humaines non specifiques de l'antigene (fixation a des recepteurs membranaires, internalisation, transit intracellulaire, modifications biochimiques) ; enfin, l'influence de la liaison covalente entre anticorps et c3b sur ces differentes etapes est mise en evidence. Des hypotheses sont proposees concernant un role chaperon de c3b
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Simonato, Jean-Pierre. "Chimie de coordination de la tétraméthylchiroporphyrine avec le fer(III), le cobalt(III) et le rhodium(III) : applications à l'analyse d'énantiomères d'amines, à la complexation énantiosélective d'aminoalcools, et à la catalyse d'aziridination asymétrique." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999GRE10051.

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Des complexes metalliques de la tetramethylchiroporphyrine, de symetrie et possedant des groupements meso derives du biocartol, ont ete synthetises, caracterises, et utilises dans quatre axes de recherches. _la caracterisation du complexe bis-ethanol de la tetramethylchiroporphyrine de fer(iii), en solution et en phase solide, revele que ce compose presente un etat de spin inhabituel : le spin intermediaire pur (s = 3/2). _l'insertion d'un metal diamagnetique, le cobalt(iii), coordonnant les amines au cur de la porphyrine, a permis l'analyse qualitative et quantitative de la composition de derives d'amines par resonance magnetique nucleaire du proton. Cette methode s'est averee precise, fiable, rapide et tres facile d'utilisation. _l'addition de -aminoalcools sur cette meme molecule resulte en la complexation preferentielle d'un enantiomere. Les aspects cinetiques et thermodynamiques ont ete abordes, et une explication quant a l'enantioselectivite observee est avancee sur la base de liaisons hydrogene intramoleculaires de type c-h___o. _parmi differentes complexes de la tetramethylchiroporphyrine, ceux de fer(iii) et de manganese(iii) ont donne les meilleurs resultats pour la catalyse d'aziridination asymetrique, avec des exces enantiomeriques allant jusqu'a 57% pour le styrene. Un point remarquable est l'induction asymetrique opposee de ces deux catalyseurs, chacun favorisant la formation majoritaire d'un enantiomere.
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Chang, Cheng. "In silico approaches for studying transporter and receptor structure-activity relationships." Connect to this title online, 2005. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1117553995.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Ohio State University, 2005.
Title from first page of PDF file. Document formatted into pages; contains xvii, 271 p.; also includes graphics. Includes bibliographical references (p. 245-269). Available online via OhioLINK's ETD Center
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Andreyeva, Aksana [Verfasser]. "Neural recognition molecule CHL1 : regulation of the activity of the trimeric protein complex Csp-Hsc70-Sgt and synaptic vesicle recycling in Mus musculus (Linnaeus, 1758) / vorgelegt von Aksana Andreyeva." 2008. http://d-nb.info/988540037/34.

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Books on the topic "Complex activity recognition"

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Beutler, Ralf, and Frank-Harald Greß, eds. Jazz/Rock/Pop - Das Dresdner Modell. Tectum – ein Verlag in der Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5771/9783828874589.

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The jazz/rock/pop programme at the Dresden College of Music developed into a multifaceted educational complex during the GDR era, despite reservations by cultural politicians, and gained international recognition after the fall of the Berlin Wall. Contemporary witnesses, current teachers and graduates report in 25 essays on their work, experiences, individual views and the interaction between artistic practice and pedagogical activity. This richly illustrated volume provides unique insights into the structure and goals of this field of study in all its breadth, from the children's class and the cooperation with the Saxon State Grammar School for Music to the Bachelor's, Master's and graduate programmes.
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James, Anthony C. Psychiatric Inpatient Treatment for Children and Adolescents. Edited by Thomas H. Ollendick, Susan W. White, and Bradley A. White. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190634841.013.43.

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Inpatient treatment of children and adolescents forms an important part of modern psychiatric care. The place of residential treatment has changed: First, effective evidence-based community treatments are now more readily available; at the same time, the increasing recognition of youth mental illness has led to greater demands for admission. Admission of more suicidal adolescents with higher complexity and greater levels of violence and self-harm has resulted in a complex inpatient environment. Second, there is a drive for shorter admissions, partly driven by costs and resource limitations. The running of residential services is a complex activity, and understanding the group dynamics and careful integration of multiple therapeutic modalities by a multidisciplinary team is important to any successful outcome. There are specialized services, including eating disorder, forensic/secure, learning disability, and autism units. The outcome of inpatient care is favorable, although costly, and crucially requires managed integration with outreach and community psychiatric services.
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Onishi, Hideki, and Mayumi Ishida. Psycho-oncology and psychosocial aspects of gynaecological cancer. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198749547.003.0010.

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Patients with gynaecological cancer encounter, everyday, various problems in their family lives, jobs, and finances, in addition to the direct effects of the cancer itself. They also face problems concerning a loss of femininity, such as those related to the menopause, their reproductive function, and sexual activity that is brought about by the effects of the disease and its management. Hence, problems are not only limited to the biological aspect of cancer, but also to its impact on psychosocial aspects, thereby increasing the level of stress in these patients. Hence, when considering the problems of patients with gynaecological cancer, its psychosocial impact, and its effect on day-to-day living should be addressed in addition to the physical aspect of the disease. Otherwise, treatment will be inadequate. Chapter 10 addresses this. Recognition of the importance of solving these psychosocial problems, which can be distressing to many patients with gynaecological cancer, and the early identification along with appropriate intervention for these problems, would aid in improving the quality-of-life of these sufferers. Furthermore, the biopsychosocial impact of the cancer extends to close family members who care for the patient, particularly the spouse/ partner, and thus increases their risk of psychosomatic disease besides malignancy. Cancer support services should include the family care-givers. Two vignettes illustrate the complex biopsychosocial issues associated with gynaecological cancer, and one depicts issues after bereavement.
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Creighton, Breen, Catrina Denvir, Richard Johnstone, Shae McCrystal, and Alice Orchiston. Strike Ballots, Democracy, and Law. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198869894.001.0001.

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The purpose of the research upon which this book is based was empirically to investigate whether the ballot requirements in the Fair Work Act do indeed impose a significant obstacle to the taking of industrial action, and whether those provisions are indeed impelled by a legitimate ‘democratic imperative’. The book starts from the proposition that virtually all national legal systems, and international law, recognise the right to strike as a fundamental human right. It acknowledges, however, that in no case is this recognition without qualification. Amongst the most common qualifications is a requirement that to be lawful strike action must first be approved by a ballot of workers concerned. Often, these requirements are said to be necessary to protect the democratic rights of the workers concerned: this is the so-called ‘democratic imperative’. In order to evaluate the true purpose and effect of ballot requirements the book draws upon the detailed empirical study of the operation of the Australian legislative provisions noted above; a comparative analysis of law and practice in a broad range of countries, with special reference to Canada, South Africa, the United Kingdom and the United States; and the jurisprudence of the supervisory bodies of the International Labour Organisation. It finds that in many instances ballot requirements – especially those relating to quorum – are more concerned with curtailing strike activity than with constructively responding to the democratic imperative. Frequently, they also proceed from a distorted perception of what ‘democracy’ could and should entail in an industrial context. Paradoxically, the study also finds that in some contexts ballot requirements can provide additional bargaining leverage for unions. Overall, however, the study confirms our hypothesis that the principal purpose of ballot requirements – especially in Australia and the United Kingdom – is to curtail strike activity rather than to vindicate the democratic imperative, other than on the basis of a highly attenuated reading of that term. We believe that the end-result constitutes an important study of the practical operation of a complex set of legal rules, and one which exposes the dichotomy between the ostensible and real objectives underpinning the adoption of those rules. It also furnishes a worked example of multi-methods empirical, comparative and doctrinal legal research in law, which we hope will inspire similar approaches to other areas of labour law.
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Janssen, Flore, and Lisa Robertson, eds. Margaret Harkness. Manchester University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.7228/manchester/9781526123503.001.0001.

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This volume is the first to bring together research on the life and work of the author, activist, and traveller Margaret Harkness, who wrote under the pseudonym ‘John Law’. The collection contextualises Harkness’s political project of observing and recording the lives and priorities of the working classes and urban poor alongside the broader efforts of philanthropists, political campaigners, journalists, and novelists who sought to bring the plight of marginalised communities to light at the end of the nineteenth century. It argues for a recognition of Harkness’s importance in providing testimony to the social and political crises that led to the emergence of British socialism and labour politics during this period. This collection includes considerations of Harkness’s work in London’s East End at the end of the nineteenth century, but moves into the twentieth century and beyond Britain’s borders to examine the significance of her global travel for the purpose of investigating international political trends. This collection gives substance to women’s social engagement and political involvement in a period prior to their formal enfranchisement, and offers insight into the ways this effected shifts in literary style and subject. In offering a detailed picture of Harkness’s own life and illuminating the lives and work of her contemporaries, this volume enriches critical understanding of the complex and dynamic world of the long nineteenth century.
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Rice, Alison. Worldwide Women Writers in Paris. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192845771.001.0001.

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Worldwide Women Writers in Paris brings together a variety of authors who are a part of a phenomenon of new writing by women in French. These individuals, all eighteen of whom hail from outside the hexagonal borders of France, have chosen to take up residence in the French capital and compose literary works in French. Whether they were born in Algeria, Hungary, India, Mauritius, South Korea, or elsewhere, these women writers are contributing to a transformation in the Francophone literary landscape through stylistic and thematic innovations that have emerged in part from their differing experiences and varying itineraries. Despite their divergences, these women have much in common, especially when it comes to the way they are continually perceived as foreigners in the location they have adopted as home. Even those who enjoy the greatest international renown for their publications in French are constantly reminded within France that they are not originally from this nation, and this emphasis on their foreign origins may have contributed to keeping them at a remove from the recognition they deserve in French letters. It is, however, becoming more difficult to ignore a growing collective corpus revealing ever greater creativity and wielding ever more influence. These authors are not content simply to compose complicated texts, but they are also actively involved in the formulation of complex publishing profiles that reveal movement and diversity. This result is nothing less than a literary revolution, and it is time to celebrate it.
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Balyshev, Marat. Astronomical research in Kharkiv at the end of the 19th century – the first half of the 20th century. “Naukova Dumka”, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/978-966-00-1863-1.

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The main milestones of the formation and development of astronomical science in Kharkiv during 1883–1945 are reconstructed on the example of the activities of the astronomical observatory of Kharkiv University. During this period, the outstanding worldview science in Kharkiv has achieved significant success: the works of Kharkiv astronomers have received world recognition; a well-known scientific planetary school has been established at the Observatory; the scientific community highly appreciated the research on the physics and chemistry of the Moon, the giant and small planets of the Solar System. The primary goal of the research is to inscribe the history of the university Observatory into the European and world context. Its purpose is to summarize the results of a comprehensive historical ad scientific study of the development of astronomical research in Kharkiv at the end of the 19th century – the first half of the 20th century and identification of ways of further scientific research. The completed research, which continues the problems of works devoted to the study of the history of astronomical science in Ukraine, focuses on expanding the well-known source base by attracting new retro-information resources. In particular, the monograph used a significant array of archival primary sources from almost twenty archival and library institutions of different countries. Most of them were introduced into scientific circulation for the first time, which allowed to determine and specify the sequence of stages of development of astronomical science in Kharkiv during the research period, to clarify and identify the little-known circumstances of the observatory life. The methodological basis of the study is the principles of historism, objectivity and a systematic approach to studying the problem. To solve specific problematic tasks in the monograph, general scientific and specially historical methods were used which allowed to study, analyze and summarize the presented factual material in a complex manner. The main sections of the monograph represent the dynamics of replenishment of the instrumental base of the university observatory, the chronology of the construction of the observatory complex of buildings at the location of the modern Scientific Research Institute of Astronomy of the V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University. According to the author’s periodization, the stages of formation of subjects and directions of scientific work of university astronomers have been analyzed, including: seismic observations with the help of horizontal Rebeur-Paschwitz pendulums, research of the activity of the Sun, astrometric observations on the Repsold meridian circle of for the purpose of compiling a catalog of zodiac stars, studying lunar eclipses and meteor showers. The participation of university astronomers in the creation of the plan of the city of Kharkiv and its connection with the general network of precise geometric leveling of the Military Topographic Department of the General Staff; the organization of observations by an expedition of Kharkiv astronomers of the total Solar eclipse of 1914 in Henichesk; the creation of the School-workshop of precision mechanics at the Faculty of Physics and Mathematics of Kharkiv University were considered; information on the participation of Kharkiv astronomers in the events of the civil war during the Ukrainian Revolution was documented. The scientific research activity of Kharkiv astronomers during 1920-1930-s which was devoted to carrying out important astrometric works on meridian observations of star declinations by absolute methods and observations of Kopf-Rentz stars according to the programs of the International Astronomical Union; the initiation of the creation of the Catalog of faint stars; research in astrophysics aimed at studying the physical conditions on the Moon and the Sun, planets and the interstellar environment; performing long series of spectrophotometric observations of the Moon, Jupiter, Mars and Saturn under different conditions of observation; study of the kinematics of stellar systems of different order, the physical parameters and evolution of stars, the morphology of the Galaxy, the nature of the stellar subsurfaces and atmospheres, dust and gas nebulae, new stars and the variability of stars have been considered; the directions of solid works carried out in the field of celestial mechanics, devoted to the dynamics of the minor planets of the Jupiter group, the definition and improvement of the orbits of minor planets have been clarified. The development of amateur astronomy in Kharkiv, in particular, the functioning of circles and societies that directed their activities to the dissemination of astronomical knowledge, was highlighted; the participation of their representatives in astronomical observations at the Kharkiv Astronomical Observatory was emphasized. Reconstructed the development of historical events in the 1930s related to the involvement of Soviet and Western astronomers in the processes of political confrontation between the USSR and the Western world; investigated the course of circumstances that prevented the implementation of the project of creating a new modern astronomical center of national importance – the central Ukrainian observatory in Kharkiv; the participation of an expedition of Kharkiv astronomers in the observation of the «great Soviet eclipse» – the total solar eclipse of 1936 – in the North Caucasus is highlighted; established the facts of political «purges» and repressions by the People’s Commissariat for Internal Affairs ( the NKVD) in the Kharkiv Astronomical Observatory. The activity of the Kharkiv Astronomical Observatory has been documented and authentic biographical information about its representatives during the Nazi occupation of 1941–1943, the period of the German-Soviet war, has been presented; the unpopular facts of the forced collaboration of some scientists are highlighted; the process of recovery and reconstruction of the Kharkiv Astronomical Observatory after the liberation of the city is characterized. With the aim of researching the personal history of Kharkiv astronomy of the studied period, the monograph presents the results of a historical and biographical study of facts of life and scientific heritage of scientists who fully devoted themselves to Science, laid the foundations for the future development of many directions of modern astronomical research, made a significant contribution to the treasury of the national and European astronomical science, whose activities were connected with the Kharkiv Astronomical Observatory, in particular: Grigory Levytsky, Ludwig Struve, Mykola Evdokymov, Otto Struve, Mykola Barabashov, Boris Gerasimovich, Vasil Fesenkov, Oleksiy Razdolsky, Boris Ostashchenko-Kudryavtsev, Nicholas Bobrovnikov, Paraskovia Parkhomenko, Mstislav Savron, Boris Semeykin, Kostyantyn Savchenko and others (25 biographical essays are presented). A significant part of the mentioned factual material was also introduced into scientific circulation for the first time. A separate section of the monograph provides chronologically structured information that reflects the sequence of research work of the Kharkiv Astronomical Observatory employees during the period under study: from astrometric observations of stars and seismic research to spectrohelioscopic and spectroheliographic observations of the Sun and the initiation of the Kharkiv school of planetary science. It is assumed that the materials of the monograph will be used in research work devoted to the study of the process of institutionalization of astronomical research in Kharkiv at the end of the 19th century – the first half of the 20th century.
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Smith, Ian, Aaron Baker, and Owen Warnock. Smith & Wood's Employment Law. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/he/9780198824893.001.0001.

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Smith & Wood’s Employment Law draws on the extensive teaching and practical experience of its authors to provide students with a clear explanation of essential legislation and case detail while also offering incisive academic commentary and critical detail to help with essay preparation and class work. Throughout the book, topics are carefully explained in their social and historical context, providing readers with an insight into the fast-paced development of employment law and offering perceptive analysis of its future direction. This fourteenth edition has been produced against the background of the 2015 and 2017 elections and of course with the largest elephant in the room of the result of the referendum on membership of the EU. The meaning of the latter remains a matter of almost complete uncertainty even t the time of writing two years later, and indeed is likely to remain so for much of the currency of this edition, but where appropriate it contains speculation as to possible effects. At the opposite end of the spectrum, this edition also contains the up-to-date case law on detailed employment law developments such as ACAS early conciliation, whistleblowing, discrimination law across all the forms of protected characteristics, and the whole question of the effect of modern phenomena such as social media use on traditional areas of employment law. On the collective level, this edition includes a consideration of the impact of the Trade Union Act 2016 on the calling of industrial action, picketing and time off for union activites and the latest decisions of the European Court of Human Rights, the EFTA Court and the UK courts on the impact of human rights law and of EU economic freedoms on collective labour law, in particular in relation to union recognition for bargaining and in relation to the banning of industrial action. It also considers whether the 2018 amendments to the Posted Workers Directive have any impact on the legality of any industrial action which affects the EU freedom to provide services across the boundaries of member states. More generally, it examines the extent to which workers and unions have legal protection for collective action relating to members of the gig economy Finally, the changes to the style and layout of the book adopted in the last edition have been maintained, in order to aid accessibility for the reader, given the ever-increasing complexity of the law itself here.
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Book chapters on the topic "Complex activity recognition"

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Saha, Swapnil Sayan, Sandeep Singh Sandha, and Mani Srivastava. "Deep Convolutional Bidirectional LSTM for Complex Activity Recognition with Missing Data." In Human Activity Recognition Challenge, 39–53. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-8269-1_4.

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Adachi, Kohei, Paula Lago, Yuichi Hattori, and Sozo Inoue. "Using LUPI to Improve Complex Activity Recognition." In Sensor- and Video-Based Activity and Behavior Computing, 39–55. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-0361-8_3.

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Kang, Jaewoong, Jooyeong Kim, Kunyoung Kim, and Mye Sohn. "Complex Activity Recognition Using Polyphonic Sound Event Detection." In Innovative Mobile and Internet Services in Ubiquitous Computing, 675–84. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-93554-6_66.

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Saguna, Arkady Zaslavsky, and Dipanjan Chakraborty. "Complex Activity Recognition Using Context Driven Activity Theory in Home Environments." In Smart Spaces and Next Generation Wired/Wireless Networking, 38–50. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-22875-9_4.

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Bhonsle, Shailendra, Amarnath Gupta, Simone Santini, Marcel Worring, and Ramesh Jain. "Complex Visual Activity Recognition Using a Temporally Ordered Database." In Visual Information and Information Systems, 722–29. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-48762-x_89.

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Zhang, Zhang, Kaiqi Huang, and Tieniu Tan. "Complex Activity Representation and Recognition by Extended Stochastic Grammar." In Computer Vision – ACCV 2006, 150–59. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/11612032_16.

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Thakur, Nirmalya, and Chia Y. Han. "An Improved Approach for Complex Activity Recognition in Smart Homes." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 220–31. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-22888-0_15.

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Anjum, Muhammad Latif, Omar Ahmad, Stefano Rosa, Jingchun Yin, and Basilio Bona. "Skeleton Tracking Based Complex Human Activity Recognition Using Kinect Camera." In Social Robotics, 23–33. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-11973-1_3.

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Angeleas, Anargyros, and Nikolaos Bourbakis. "A Formal and Statistical AI Tool for Complex Human Activity Recognition." In Learning and Analytics in Intelligent Systems, 189–216. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-76794-5_10.

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Dohnálek, Pavel, Petr Gajdoš, and Tomáš Peterek. "Tensor Modification of Orthogonal Matching Pursuit Based Classifier in Human Activity Recognition." In Nostradamus 2013: Prediction, Modeling and Analysis of Complex Systems, 497–505. Heidelberg: Springer International Publishing, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-00542-3_49.

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Conference papers on the topic "Complex activity recognition"

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Abramova, E. S., K. V. Makarov, and A. A. Orlov. "Method for Undefined Complex Human Activity Recognition." In 2021 International Conference on Industrial Engineering, Applications and Manufacturing (ICIEAM). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icieam51226.2021.9446389.

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Kurkin, Semen, Anastasia Runnova, Vadim Grubov, Vyacheslav Musatov, Tatyana Yu Efremova, and Maxim O. Zhuravlev. "Recognition of neural brain activity patterns correlated with complex motor activity." In Saratov Fall Meeting 2017: Fifth International Symposium on Optics and Biophotonics: Laser Physics and Photonics XIX; Computational Biophysics and Analysis of Biomedical Data IV, edited by Vladimir L. Derbov and Dmitry E. Postnov. SPIE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2315161.

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Bauer, Alexander, and Yvonne Fischer. "Object-event graph matching for complex activity recognition." In 2011 IEEE International Multi-Disciplinary Conference on Cognitive Methods in Situation Awareness and Decision Support (CogSIMA 2011). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cogsima.2011.5753759.

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Zhong, Jun, Li Liu, Ye Wei, Dashi Luo, Letain Sun, and Yonggang Lu. "Personalized Activity Recognition Using Molecular Complex Detection Clustering." In 2014 IEEE 11th Intl Conf on Ubiquitous Intelligence & Computing and 2014 IEEE 11th Intl Conf on Autonomic & Trusted Computing and 2014 IEEE 14th Intl Conf on Scalable Computing and Communications and Its Associated Workshops (UIC-ATC-ScalCom). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/uic-atc-scalcom.2014.49.

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Dernbach, Stefan, Barnan Das, Narayanan C. Krishnan, Brian L. Thomas, and Diane J. Cook. "Simple and Complex Activity Recognition through Smart Phones." In 2012 8th International Conference on Intelligent Environments (IE). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ie.2012.39.

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Basak, Promit, Shahamat Mustavi Tasin, Malisha Islam Tapotee, Md Mamun Sheikh, A. H. M. Nazmus Sakib, Sriman Bidhan Baray, and M. A. R. Ahad. "Complex nurse care activity recognition using statistical features." In UbiComp/ISWC '20: 2020 ACM International Joint Conference on Pervasive and Ubiquitous Computing and 2020 ACM International Symposium on Wearable Computers. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3410530.3414338.

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Leo, M., T. D'Orazio, I. Gnoni, P. Spagnolo, and A. Distante. "Complex human activity recognition for monitoring wide outdoor environments." In Proceedings of the 17th International Conference on Pattern Recognition, 2004. ICPR 2004. IEEE, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icpr.2004.1333921.

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Chang, Hyung Jin, Jiyun Kim, Jungchan Cho, Songhwai Oh, Kwang Yi, and Jin Young Choi. "Action Chart: A Representation for Efficient Recognition of Complex Activity." In British Machine Vision Conference 2013. British Machine Vision Association, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.5244/c.27.81.

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Younes, Rabih, Mark Jones, and Thomas L. Martin. "Toward Practical Activity Recognition: Recognizing Complex Activities with Wide Variations." In 2018 IEEE International Conference on Pervasive Computing and Communications Workshops (PerCom Workshops). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/percomw.2018.8480368.

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Yan, Zhixian, Dipanjan Chakraborty, Sumit Mittal, Archan Misra, and Karl Aberer. "An exploration with online complex activity recognition using cellphone accelerometer." In UbiComp '13: The 2013 ACM International Joint Conference on Pervasive and Ubiquitous Computing. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2494091.2494156.

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Reports on the topic "Complex activity recognition"

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Chen, Yona, Jeffrey Buyer, and Yitzhak Hadar. Microbial Activity in the Rhizosphere in Relation to the Iron Nutrition of Plants. United States Department of Agriculture, October 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1993.7613020.bard.

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Iron is the fourth most abundant element in the soil, but since it forms insoluble hydroxides at neutral and basic pH, it often falls short of meeting the basic requirements of plants and microorganisms. Most aerobic and facultative aerobic microorganisms possess a high-affinity Fe transport system in which siderophores are excreted and the consequent Fe complex is taken up via a cognate specific receptor and a transport pathway. The role of the siderophore in Fe uptake by plants and microorganisms was the focus of this study. In this research Rhizopus arrhizus was found to produce a novel siderophore named Rhizoferrin when grown under Fe deficiency. This compound was purified and its chemical structure was elucidated. Fe-Rhizoferrin was found to alleviate Fe deficiency when applied to several plants grown in nutrient solutions. It was concluded that Fe-Rhizoferrin is the most efficient Fe source for plants when compared with other among microbial siderophores known to date and its activity equals that of the most efficient synthetic commercial iron fertilizer-Fe EDDHA. Siderophores produced by several rhizosphere organisms including Rhizopus Pseudomonas were purified. Monoclonal antibodies were produced and used to develop a method for detection of the siderophores produced by plant-growth-promoting microorganisms in barley rhizosphere. The presence of an Fe-ferrichrome uptake in fluorescent Pseudomonas spp. was demonstrated, and its structural requirements were mapped in P. putida with the help of biomimetic ferrichrome analogs. Using competition experiments, it was shown that FOB, Cop B and FC share at least one common determinant in their uptake pathway. Since FC analogs did not affect FOB or Cop-mediated 55Fe uptake, it could be concluded that these siderophores make use of a different receptor(s) than FC. Therefore, recognition of Cop, FOB and FC proceeds through different receptors having different structural requirements. On the other hand, the phytosiderophores mugineic acid (MA and DMA), were utilized indirectly via ligand exchange by P. putida. Receptors from different biological systems seem to differ in their structural requirements for siderophore recognition and uptake. The design of genus- or species-specific drugs, probes or chemicals, along with an understanding of plant-microbe and microbe-microbe relationships as well as developing methods to detect siderophores using monoclonal antibodies are useful for manipulating the composition of the rhizosphere microbial population for better plant growth, Fe-nutrition and protection from diseases.
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Sessa, Guido, and Gregory Martin. role of FLS3 and BSK830 in pattern-triggered immunity in tomato. United States Department of Agriculture, January 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2016.7604270.bard.

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Pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs) located on the plant cell surface initiate immune responses by perceiving conserved pathogen molecules known as pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs). PRRs typically function in multiprotein complexes that include transmembrane and cytoplasmickinases and contribute to the initiation and signaling of pattern-triggered immunity (PTI). An important challenge is to identify molecular components of PRR complexes and downstream signaling pathways, and to understand the molecular mechanisms that mediate their function. In research activities supported by BARD-4931, we studied the role of the FLAGELLIN SENSING 3 (FLS3) PRR in the response of tomato leaves to flagellin-derivedPAMPs and PTI. In addition, we investigated molecular properties of the tomato brassinosteroid signaling kinase 830 (BSK830) that physically interacts with FLS3 and is a candidate for acting in the FLS3 signaling pathway. Our investigation refers to the proposal original objectives that were to: 1) Investigate the role of FLS3 and its interacting proteins in PTI; 2) Investigate the role of BSK830 in PTI; 3) Examine molecular and phosphorylation dynamics of the FLS3-BSK830 interaction; 4) Examine the possible interaction of FLS3 and BSK830 with Pstand Xcveffectors. We used CRISPR/Cas9 techniques to develop plants carrying single or combined mutations in the FLS3 gene and in the paralogsFLS2.1 and FLS2.2 genes, which encode the receptor FLAGELLIN SENSING2 (FLS2), and analyzed their function in PTI. Domain swapping analysis of the FLS2 and FLS3 receptors revealed domains of the proteins responsible for PAMP detection and for the different ROS response initiated by flgII-28/FLS3 as compared to flg22/FLS2. In addition, in vitro kinase assays and point mutations analysis identified FLS2 and FLS3 domains required for kinase activity and ATP binding. In research activities on tomato BSK830, we found that it interacts with PRRs and with the co-receptor SERK3A and PAMP treatment affects part of these interactions. CRISPR/Cas9 bsk830 mutant plants displayed enhanced pathogen susceptibility and reduced ROS production upon PAMP treatment. In addition, BSK830 interacted with 8 Xanthomonastype III secreted effectors. Follow up analysis revealed that among these effectors XopAE is part of an operon, is translocated into plant cells, and displays E3 ubiquitinligase activity. Our investigation was also extended to other Arabidopsis and tomato BSK family members. Arabidopsis BSK5 localized to the plant cell periphery, interacted with receptor-like kinases, and it was phosphorylatedin vitro by the PEPR1 and EFRPRRs. bsk5 mutant plants displayed enhanced susceptibility to pathogens and were impaired in several, but not all, PAMP-induced responses. Conversely, BSK5 overexpression conferred enhanced disease resistance and caused stronger PTI responses. Genetic complementation suggested that proper localization, kinase activity, and phosphorylation by PRRs are critical for BSK5 function. BSK7 and BSK8 specifically interacted with the FLS2 PRR, their respective mutant plants were more susceptible to B. cinereaand displayed reduced flg22-induced responses. The tomato BSK Mai1 was found to interact with the M3KMAPKKK, which is involved in activation of cell death associated with effector-triggered immunity. Silencing of Mai1 in N. benthamianaplants compromised cell death induced by a specific class of immune receptors. In addition, co-expression of Mai1 and M3Kin leaves enhanced MAPKphosphorylation and cell death, suggesting that Mai1 acts as a molecular link between pathogen recognition and MAPK signaling. Finally, We identified the PP2C phosphatase Pic1 that acts as a negative regulator of PTI by interacting with and dephosphorylating the receptor-like cytoplasmickinase Pti1, which is a positive regulator of plant immunity. The results of this investigation shed new light on the molecular characteristics and interactions of components of the immune system of crop plants providing new knowledge and tools for development of novel strategies for disease control.
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Sessa, Guido, and Gregory B. Martin. molecular link from PAMP perception to a MAPK cascade associated with tomato disease resistance. United States Department of Agriculture, January 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2012.7597918.bard.

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The research problem: The detection of pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) by plant pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) is a key mechanism by which plants activate an effective immune response against pathogen attack. MAPK cascades are important signaling components downstream of PRRs that transduce the PAMP signal to activate various defense responses. Preliminary experiments suggested that the receptor-like cytoplasmickinase (RLCK) Mai5 plays a positive role in pattern-triggered immunity (PTI) and interacts with the MAPKKK M3Kε. We thus hypothesized that Mai5, as other RLCKs, functions as a component PRR complexes and acts as a molecular link between PAMP perception and activation of MAPK cascades. Original goals: The central goal of this research was to investigate the molecular mechanisms by which Mai5 and M3Kε regulate plant immunity. Specific objectives were to: 1. Determine the spectrum of PAMPs whose perception is transmitted by M3Kε; 2. Identify plant proteins that act downstream of M3Kε to mediate PTI; 3. Investigate how and where Mai5 interacts with M3Kε in the plant cell; 4. Examine the mechanism by which Mai5 contributes to PTI. Changes in research directions: We did not find convincing evidence for the involvement of M3Kε in PTI signaling and substituted objectives 1 and 3 with research activities aimed at the analysis of transcriptomic profiles of tomato plants during the onset of plant immunity, isolation of the novel tomato PRR FLS3, and investigation of the involvement of the RLCKBSKs in PTI. Main achievements during this research program are in the following major areas: 1. Functional characterization of Mai5. The function of Mai5 in PTI signaling was demonstrated by testing the effect of silencing the Mai5 gene by virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) experiments and in cell death assays. Domains of Mai5 that interact with MAPKKKs and subcellular localization of Mai5 were analyzed in detail. 2. Analysis of transcriptional profiles during the tomato immune responses to Pseudomonas syringae (Pombo et al., 2014). We identified tomato genes whose expression is induced specifically in PTI or in effector-triggered immunity (ETI). Thirty ETI-specific genes were examined by VIGS for their involvement in immunity and the MAPKKK EPK1, was found to be required for ETI. 3. Dissection of MAP kinase cascades downstream of M3Kε (Oh et al., 2013; Teper et al., 2015). We identified genes that encode positive (SGT and EDS1) and negative (WRKY1 and WRKY2) regulators of the ETI-associated cell death mediated by M3Kε. In addition, the MKK2 MAPKK, which acts downstream of M3Kε, was found to interact with the MPK3 MAPK and specific MPK3 amino acids involved interaction were identified and found to be required for induction of cell death. We also identified 5 type III effectors of the bacterial pathogen Xanthomonaseuvesicatoria that inhibited cell death induced by components of ETI-associated MAP kinase cascades. 4. Isolation of the tomato PRR FLS3 (Hind et al., submitted). FLS3, a novel PRR of the LRR-RLK family that specifically recognizes the flagellinepitope flgII-28 was isolated. FLS3 was shown to bind flgII-28, to require kinase activity for function, to act in concert with BAK1, and to enhance disease resistance to Pseudomonas syringae. 5. Functional analysis of RLCKs of the brassinosteroid signaling kinase (BSK) family.Arabidopsis and tomato BSKs were found to interact with PRRs. In addition, certain ArabidospsisBSK mutants were found to be impaired in PAMP-induced resistance to Pseudomonas syringae. Scientific and agricultural significance: Our research activities discovered and characterized new molecular components of signaling pathways mediating recognition of invading pathogens and activation of immune responses against them. Increased understanding of molecular mechanisms of immunity will allow them to be manipulated by both molecular breeding and genetic engineering to produce plants with enhanced natural defense against disease.
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Rafaeli, Ada, and Russell Jurenka. Molecular Characterization of PBAN G-protein Coupled Receptors in Moth Pest Species: Design of Antagonists. United States Department of Agriculture, December 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2012.7593390.bard.

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The proposed research was directed at determining the activation/binding domains and gene regulation of the PBAN-R’s thereby providing information for the design and screening of potential PBAN-R-blockers and to indicate possible ways of preventing the process from proceeding to its completion. Our specific aims included: (1) The identification of the PBAN-R binding domain by a combination of: (a) in silico modeling studies for identifying specific amino-acid side chains that are likely to be involved in binding PBAN with the receptor and; (b) bioassays to verify the modeling studies using mutant receptors, cell lines and pheromone glands (at tissue and organism levels) against selected, designed compounds to confirm if compounds are agonists or antagonists. (2) The elucidation ofthemolecular regulationmechanisms of PBAN-R by:(a) age-dependence of gene expression; (b) the effect of hormones and; (c) PBAN-R characterization in male hair-pencil complexes. Background to the topic Insects have several closely related G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) belonging to the pyrokinin/PBAN family, one with the ligand pheromone biosynthesis activating neuropeptide or pyrokinin-2 and another with diapause hormone or pyrokinin-1 as a ligand. We were unable to identify the diapause hormone receptor from Helicoverpa zea despite considerable effort. A third, related receptor is activated by a product of the capa gene, periviscerokinins. The pyrokinin/PBAN family of GPCRs and their ligands has been identified in various insects, such as Drosophila, several moth species, mosquitoes, Triboliumcastaneum, Apis mellifera, Nasoniavitripennis, and Acyrthosiphon pisum. Physiological functions of pyrokinin peptides include muscle contraction, whereas PBAN regulates pheromone production in moths plus other functions indicating the pleiotropic nature of these ligands. Based on the alignment of annotated genomic sequences, the primary and secondary structures of the pyrokinin/PBAN family of receptors have similarity with the corresponding structures of the capa or periviscerokinin receptors of insects and the neuromedin U receptors found in vertebrates. Major conclusions, solutions, achievements Evolutionary trace analysisof receptor extracellular domains exhibited several class-specific amino acid residues, which could indicate putative domains for activation of these receptors by ligand recognition and binding. Through site-directed point mutations, the 3rd extracellular domain of PBAN-R was shown to be critical for ligand selection. We identified three receptors that belong to the PBAN family of GPCRs and a partial sequence for the periviscerokinin receptor from the European corn borer, Ostrinianubilalis. Functional expression studies confirmed that only the C-variant of the PBAN-R is active. We identified a non-peptide agonist that will activate the PBAN-receptor from H. zea. We determined that there is transcriptional control of the PBAN-R in two moth species during the development of the pupa to adult, and we demonstrated that this transcriptional regulation is independent of juvenile hormone biosynthesis. This transcriptional control also occurs in male hair-pencil gland complexes of both moth species indicating a regulatory role for PBAN in males. Ultimate confirmation for PBAN's function in the male tissue was revealed through knockdown of the PBAN-R using RNAi-mediated gene-silencing. Implications, both scientific and agricultural The identification of a non-peptide agonist can be exploited in the future for the design of additional compounds that will activate the receptor and to elucidate the binding properties of this receptor. The increase in expression levels of the PBAN-R transcript was delineated to occur at a critical period of 5 hours post-eclosion and its regulation can now be studied. The mysterious role of PBAN in the males was elucidated by using a combination of physiological, biochemical and molecular genetics techniques.
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