Journal articles on the topic 'Competition for order execution'
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1
Lerner, Peter. "Patience vs. impatience of traders: Formation of the value-at-price distribution through competition for liquidity." International Journal of Financial Engineering 02, no. 03 (September 2015): 1550029. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2424786315500292.
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The ability to postpone one's execution in the market without penalty in search of a better price is an important strategic advantage in high-frequency trading. To elucidate competition between traders one has to formulate to a quantitative theory of formation of the execution price from market expectations and quotes. Equilibrium theory was provided in 2005 by Foucault, Kadan and Kandel. I derive an asymptotic distribution of the bids/offers as a function of the ratio of patient and impatient traders using the dynamic version of the Foucault, Kadan and Kandel limit order book (LOB) model. Our version of the LOB model allows stylized, but sufficiently realistic representation of the trading markets. In particular, dynamic LOB allows simulation of the distribution of execution times and spreads from high-frequency quotes. Significant analytic progress is made toward framing of short-term trading as competition for immediacy of execution between traders under imperfect information. The results are qualitatively compared with empirical volume-at-price distribution of highly liquid stocks.
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Younus, Muhammad, Yong Yu, Hu Lu, and Yu Qing Fan. "Study and Execution of Advanced Batch Production Planning System for an Aerospace Industry." Applied Mechanics and Materials 16-19 (October 2009): 748–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.16-19.748.
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Modern manufacturing industries are increasingly faced with international competition and fluctuating market conditions in the age of globalization. In striving to remain competitive, manufacturing industries must deliver products to customer at the lowest cost, at the best quality and in the minimum lead time. As a result, it becomes mandatory to design and implement the advance production planning and scheduling system that supports shorter product cycles despite more complex and specialized manufacturing processes. The advance production planning and scheduling system provides the leaner production strategies and real time information throughout the industry. This paper presents an appropriate Advance Production Planning and Scheduling Software System for a batch production aerospace manufacturing industry. The Software system receive the customer‘s order and perform material requirement planning using software. The software system sends procurement requisition to the procurement department for the materials which is not available in the store for manufacturing of parts. It issues release order to the store section for the issuance of material to the manufacturing shops. It also issues weekly and daily plan with production schedule to the manufacturing shops. It also issues work orders to the production shops for the manufacturing and assembly of the parts. On the completion of the product assembly, proper closing of the work orders has to be done and product may deliver to the warehouse for further handing over to the customers. In case of modification of order by the customer, the Software System will automatically update the relevant data.
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Chung, Yi-Chan. "Study on Total Quality Management Activities in Taiwan Tourism Factories." International Journal of Business and Social Research 6, no. 8 (August 24, 2016): 01. http://dx.doi.org/10.18533/ijbsr.v6i8.989.
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<p>As competition becomes increasingly fierce, how to integrate the concept of information technology involvement into total quality management activities and better serve the customers, thus increasing the effectiveness of their services, has become an important focus for many tourism factories in their selection of an appropriate operational strategy. With the tourism factories in Taiwan as the subjects, this study was therefore set out to investigate the impact of operational strategies, information technology involvement and motivation on the executive degree of total quality management (TQM) activities, as well as the correlation between the executive degree of TQM activities and operational performance. This research was conducted from March to April 2016 using 56 effective questionnaires through a questionnaire survey method. According to the research findings, the higher the executive degree of TQM activities was, the more significant a positive impact it would have on operational performance; the execution of differentiation strategies would have a positive impact on the execution of TQM activities; the more a company was involved in information technology, the more significant a positive impact it would have on the execution of TQM activities; the higher the intrinsic motivation was, the more significant a positive impact it would have on the executive degrees of TQM activities. It is therefore advisable for tourism factories to implement TQM activities, adopt differentiation strategies, seek greater information technology involvement and become more strongly motivated toward TQM implementation in order to improve operational performance. </p>
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Trofimovskaya, Alla V., and Anna A. Vershinina. "Qualitative Indicators of Procurement Efficiency in the Antitrust Compliance Mechanism." Journal of Modern Competition 16, no. 87 (June 30, 2022): 30–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.37791/2687-0657-2022-16-3-30-39.
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In order to increase the efficiency of the targeted distribution of budget funds, as well as to ensure the progressive economic and economic development of the Russian state, both in general and its regions and individual municipalities, improving the effectiveness of public procurement becomes one of the most important strategic tasks of the executive authorities involved in the planning and practical implementation of public procurement. The following hypothesis is put forward and confirmed in the article: the system of key performance indicators can be effectively applied in the budgetary sphere, namely, in state (municipal) procurement, including to improve the competitive environment. To confirm the hypothesis put forward, the article investigated regulations governing state and municipal procurement and competition, studied the stages of digitalization, and also developed a system of criteria for the effectiveness of the state and municipal procurement system. The purpose of the article is to offer indicators of the effectiveness of purchases that affect the competitive environment. The objectives of this article: to study the legislation of the Russian Federation in the area under consideration; review the level of digitalization in procurement and competition; to propose two sets of indicators. The result of the study is a system of performance indicators in conjunction with digitalization through a regional information unified automated procurement management system and a portal for contract execution, taking into account the centralization and harmonization of forms. The information basis of the study was statistical materials containing the disclosure of indicators of the state and municipal order system, as well as specialized Internet sites publishing materials on the legislation and practice of state and municipal procurement.
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Xu, Rui, Chao Chen, Siyao Lu, and Zhaoyu Li. "Autonomous Recovery from Spacecraft Plan Failures by Regulatory Repair While Retaining Operability." Aerospace 9, no. 1 (January 14, 2022): 40. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/aerospace9010040.
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Pre-designed spacecraft plans suffer from failure due to the uncertain space environment. In this case, instead of spending a long time waiting for ground control to upload a feasible plan in order to achieve the mission goals, the spacecraft could repair the failed plan while executing another part of the plan. This paper proposes a method called Isolation and Repair Plan Failures (IRPF) for a spaceship with durable, concurrent, and resource-dependent actions. To enable the spacecraft to perform some actions when a plan fails, IRPF separates all defective actions from executable actions in the pre-designed plan according to causal analysis between the failure state and the established plan. Then, to address the competition between operation and repair during the partial execution of the plan, IRPF sets up several regulatory factors associated with the search process for a solution, and then repairs the broken plan within the limits of these factors. Experiments were carried out in simulations of a satellite and a multi-rover system. The results demonstrate that, compared with replanning and other plan-repair methods, IRPF creates an execution plan more quickly and searches for a recovery plan with fewer explored state nodes in a shorter period of time.
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Kvarnström, Jonas. "Planning for Loosely Coupled Agents Using Partial Order Forward-Chaining." Proceedings of the International Conference on Automated Planning and Scheduling 21 (March 22, 2011): 138–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/icaps.v21i1.13462.
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We investigate a hybrid between temporal partial-order and forward-chaining planning where each action in a partially ordered plan is associated with a partially defined state. The focus is on centralized planning for multi-agent domains and on loose commitment to the precedence between actions belonging to distinct agents, leading to execution schedules that are flexible where it matters the most. Each agent, on the other hand, has a sequential thread of execution reminiscent of forward-chaining. This results in strong and informative agent-specific partial states that can be used for partial evaluation of preconditions as well as precondition control formulas used as guidance. Empirical evaluation shows the resulting planner to be competitive with TLplan and TALplanner, two other planners based on control formulas, while using a considerably more expressive and flexible plan structure.
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Zhao, Hong Wei, Yi Ming Qi, Dong Zhao, and Shi Hui Pei. "Research on Cooperation Mechanism of Multi-Agent Grinding Control System Based on Blackboard Model." Applied Mechanics and Materials 397-400 (September 2013): 2469–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.397-400.2469.
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In order to solve the complex industrial control problems in grinding control,we construct multi-agent grinding control system based on the blackboard model in this paper. Through the study on the structure and control mechanism of the blackboard model, we design a framework for blackboard model in multi-agent grinding control system, divide and introduce the function model of the blackboard in detail, establish blackboard control agent to control and coordinate how the individual agent takes use of the blackboard resources centralizedly.Aiming at actual situations of the grinding control,we put forward cooperation mechanism multi-agent based on a combination of tasks sharing and results sharing, establish control decision agent to solve the conflict caused by multi-agent cooperation. The cooperation mechanism multi-agent grinding control system improves the execution ability of the individual agent, avoids the conflict caused by different goals and the competition of resources, ensures the coordinated executive of multiple tasks.
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Ieda, Masashi. "A dynamic optimal execution strategy under stochastic price recovery." International Journal of Financial Engineering 02, no. 04 (December 2015): 1550025. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2424786315500255.
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In the present paper, we study the optimal execution problem under stochastic price recovery based on limit order book dynamics. We model price recovery after execution of a large order by accelerating the arrival of the refilling order, which is defined as a Cox process whose intensity increases by the degree of the market impact. We include not only the market order, but also the limit order in our strategy in a restricted fashion. We formulate the problem as a combined stochastic control problem over a finite time horizon. The corresponding Hamilton–Jacobi–Bellman quasi-variational inequality is solved numerically. The optimal strategy obtained consists of three components: (i) the initial large trade; (ii) the unscheduled small trades during the period; (iii) the terminal large trade. The size and timing of the trade is governed by the tolerance for market impact depending on the state at each time step, and hence the strategy behaves dynamically. We also provide competitive results due to inclusion of the limit order, even though a limit order is allowed under conservative evaluation of the execution price.
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Martyniszyn, Marek. "Legislation Blocking Antitrust Investigations and the September 2012 Russian Executive Order." World Competition 37, Issue 1 (March 1, 2014): 103–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/woco2014006.
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This article offers a typology of so-called blocking legislation and analyses its development, functions and legality under international law. It also presents and discusses the new Russian blocking Order, issued in September 2012, focusing on its possible effects on the European Commission's investigation of Gazprom's business practices (in light of EU competition law) as well as, more broadly, on foreign operations of Russian strategic enterprises.
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Banihashemi, Sayyid Ali, Mohammad Khalilzadeh, Jurgita Antucheviciene, and Jonas Šaparauskas. "Trading off Time–Cost–Quality in Construction Project Scheduling Problems with Fuzzy SWARA–TOPSIS Approach." Buildings 11, no. 9 (August 31, 2021): 387. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings11090387.
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The increasing number of construction projects together with the limited resources of organizations led to tough competition for achieving project goals. Time, cost, and quality have been known as the project iron triangle. Project managers attempt to allocate the appropriate resources and make the best decisions for accomplishing projects with the shortest durations, lowest costs, and the highest quality. No study has examined the time–cost–quality trade-off problem with decision-making approaches. In this study, the fuzzy multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) methods are exploited to choose the best mode for performing each activity. For this purpose, the SWARA method is applied to determine the importance weights of time, cost, and quality. In addition, the TOPSIS (Technique for the Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution) technique is used to rank and select the best activity execution modes. The proposed model is implemented on two medium- and large-size construction projects to evaluate its efficiency. Several execution modes with fuzzy duration, cost, and quality are considered for each project activity. Finally, sensitivity analysis is conducted taking three different conditions into account: the shortest duration of the execution modes, the lowest cost of the execution modes, and the highest quality of execution modes for each activity. The solution of each trade-off is compared with the solution obtained from the fuzzy SWARA–TOPSIS method. The schedule is developed according to the best execution mode for each project activity. The obtained results in two different construction projects show significant improvements in the overall project objectives so that the projects can be completed in fewer durations and costs along with higher quality. Because of the higher importance of cost, the cost of each activity is closer to the lowest cost. The activity duration is also closer to the most likely duration, and quality is closer to the high-quality level. The application of this approach can create new opportunities for research and knowledge development in the field of construction project scheduling.
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Zheng, Dongming, Tatsuro Oka, Hirokazu Bokura, and Shuhei Yamaguchi. "The Key Locus of Common Response Inhibition Network for No-go and Stop Signals." Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 20, no. 8 (August 2008): 1434–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jocn.2008.20100.
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Response inhibition is one of the highest evolved executive functions of human beings. Previous studies revealed a wide variety of brain regions related to response inhibition, although some of them may not be directly related to inhibition but to task-specific effects or noninhibitory cognitive functions such as attention, response competition, or error detection. Here, we conducted event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging studies in which all subjects performed both stop-signal and go/no-go tasks in order to explore key neural correlates within the response inhibition network irrelevant to task designs and other cognitive processes. The successful inhibition in the stop-signal and go/no-go tasks, respectively, activated a set of predominantly right-lateralized hemispheric cortices. The common inhibitory regions across the two tasks included the right middle prefrontal cortex in addition to the right middle occipital cortex. Correlation analysis was carried out within these areas between intensity of activation and behavioral performance in the two tasks. Only the region located in the middle prefrontal cortex showed significant correlations in both tasks. We believe this region is the key locus for execution of response inhibition in the distributed inhibitory neural network.
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Brajer-Marczak, Renata. "Elements of knowledge management in the improvement of business processes." Management 20, no. 2 (December 1, 2016): 242–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/manment-2015-0063.
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Summary The key role in process management is played by the systematic analysis, measurement and improvement of processes. The imperative of continuous introduction of changes in processes is the answer to the changing conditions of competition and the great dynamics in the expectations and preferences of customers. Information related to business process should be collected and formalized in order to improve the execution of processes. In connection with the above, it may be stated that the improvement of processes should be supported by the concept of knowledge management in the institutional sense where we refer to the structure of communication and information which enables the interaction between members of the organization. The purpose of the study is to present relations between process management and the concept of knowledge management, with particular attention being paid to the improvement of processes seen through the prism of knowledge resources. The execution of the objective formulated above made use of such research methods as research on the literature on the subject related to process management and knowledge management as well as the findings from the author’s own surveys conducted in 2015 among medium and lower management personnel in organizations improving processes.
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Kotenko, Andrii, and Ivanna Maryniv. "Influence of the European Commission on Innovation Development During the Execution of Merger Control." Law and innovations, no. 4 (40) (December 19, 2022): 45–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.37772/10.37772/2518-1718-2022-4(40)-7.
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Problem setting. The research focuses on examining the nature of European Commission’s evaluation practices, concerning the merger agreements, that are conducted by this body on the basis of the EU Merger Regulation. The modern dimension of informational society has led to revolutionary changes in Commission’s policy regarding mergers. The European dimension criteria and quantitative evaluations of an undertaking are the main but not the only tools, provided by the Regulation 139/2004, that define the scope of measures, available to the Commission during the investigation. The problem is, that the modern startups progression pattern leads to the alteration of the nature of the market, where the nonessential undertakings can become extremely essential in a dramatically short period of time. This factors have become an incentive to the European Commission to conduct research not only by taking the past and the present factors into consideration, but also using various methods to evaluate the future outcome of the merger with a company, that falls under the Commission’s jurisdiction, which leads to appearance of serious concerns about the integrity of the subsidiarity principle. Analysis of recent researches and publications. The role of the Commission’s evaluation procedure in the merger agreements between the innovative subjects has been researched by the following scientists: Oskar Törngren, Joseph Bromfield, Matthew Olczak, Thomas Buettner, Giulio Federico, Szabolcs Lorincz, Kyriakos Fountoukakos, Dafni Katrana, Agathe Célarié, Massimo Motta, Martin Peitz. The issue in question has also been duly revised and studied by the lawyers and responsible staff of the European Commission. Target of the research is to study a multidimensional nature of merger evaluation, conducted by the EU Commission towards the deals between the undertakings, that contain innovation. Article’s main body. The main instrument, possessed by the Commission and designed to evaluate a substantial threat of a merger to trade via the EU remains the significant impediment of effective competition (SIEC) test, which outlines, that the merger agreement must maintain the balance between competition hindrance and possible benefits and positive commercial outcomes of the deal. In order to make a distinction between lawful and unlawful agreements, the Commission uses a set of criterions and techniques to make sure that the current and the future position of the parties on a relative market will not become object to abuse of the parties. The criterions are not excessive and may encompass both legal and non-legal approaches. The Commission investigates how the position of the parties, their market share, the innovative nature of their product or the difficulty of access to the relevant market can affect the trade within the Internal Market. One of the most recent techniques, which is being used by the Commission as a response to the emerging power of innovative international corporate structures is the loss of innovation criteria. The European Commission insists on the position, that so-called «acquisition killing» is illegal within the EU competition law framework and has conducted a number of landmark investigations, where the conclusion has been made, that the innovative nature of some companies does not allow them to be a subject of merger because of the objective misgiving about the loss of the innovative product as a result of the merger, which may lead to the stoppage of a valuable research. The fact that most of the «acquisition killings» do not fit neither into the national nor the supranational jurisdiction is continuing to be a huge challenge for the Commission to tackle. Nevertheless, the recent practice alterations, concerning the use of the referral procedure, set in art.22 of the EU Merger Regulation allows the Commission to create at least a temporary decision of the problem by giving the Member States an incentive of voluntary application submission in case when the national competition authorities can’t cope with the issue newly set. Conclusions and prospects for the development. It’s worth noting, that the referral procedure use is neither a complete, nor a permanent decision of the problem. However, these steps from the Commission allow us to think that the new wave of integration concerning competition is still awaiting the EU and its Members. The Commission’s practice is a step forward to entering the new era of information economics, where the cooperative activities and mutual strategies of the national governments and the EU institutions are crucial for maintaining the sustainable development principle without hindering subsidiarity.
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Georgiievskyi, Iurii. "Entities of UJITS development: advantages and disadvantages of state and private enterprises involving." Law Review of Kyiv University of Law, no. 2 (August 10, 2020): 180185. http://dx.doi.org/10.36695/2219-5521.2.2020.31.
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The article provides results of a comparative analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of involving the state enterprise “InformationJudicial Systems” and private entities to the development and implementation of the Unified Judicial Information and TelecommunicationSystem in Ukraine. The “backlog” of the plan for the development and implementation of the UJITS is related to the lowefficiency of economic activity of the state enterprise “Information Judicial Systems”, which maintains an “administrative monopoly”on the establishment of the UJITS.Due to obtaining data about the activities of this state-owned enterprise, the author concludes that nowadays state enterprise“Information Judicial Systems” has an adequate financial, human and production potential for the development of the UJITS. At thesame time, the author sums up that due to a lack of competition the company’s specialists are not motivated in the fastest developmentof this information and telecommunication product, and the enterprise involves additional entities to fulfill the state order, which actuallyleads to unjustified and irrational spending of state budget. In this regard, it is shown as perspective the involvement of otherlicensed business entities (including private ones) on a competitive basis to the development of the Unified Judicial Information andTelecommunication System.Execution of the state order on a competitive basis will indicate the restriction of “administrative monopoly”, promote competitionand ultimately intensify the development and implementation of the UJITS in Ukraine. In order to prevent the risks of untimely,improper provision or non-provision of information services for the development of the UJITS, the author considers it appropriate toenvisage in the state contract (agreement) enhanced economic-law responsibility of the contractor and oblige to provide commensuratewith the cost of the state order insurance of the proper execution of their obligations.The legislator needs special attention in case of involvement to the UJITS developers on a competitive basis in managing therisks of leakage and dissemination of information about the peculiarities of the UJITS operation, prevention of unauthorized interfe -rence in the system, distortion of information contained in the UJITS after its establishment.
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Fernandes, Bruno Henrique Rocha, Francisco Sergio Barbosa da Silva, and Rodrigo Vinícius Sartori. "Growing Fast and Profitably in High Competitive Telecom Industry: the GVT’s Case." Administração: Ensino e Pesquisa 19, no. 2 (May 1, 2018): 340–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.13058/raep.2018.v19n2.978.
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This teaching case studies the remarkable history of GVT, former Brazilian telecom company acquired by Telefónica Vivo after revolutionized the telecom industry in Brazil throughout its 15 years of operation. Telecommunications is an industry sector that faces constant turbulence, due to the fast-paced technological innovation and fierce competition, that forces the reinvention of business models in order to make companies thrive. Aimed at students from Masters and Doctorate programs in Administration, this case is useful for helping the professor to discuss in class about business models in a dynamic environment, as is the case of telecom industry. The learning objectives are to make participants able to comprehend features and limitations of traditional concepts of business models, guiding to the discussion of an alternative framework suitable to a dynamic environment context. The professor should cover the aspects of strategy of differentiation, consistent execution, process management and learning capabilities.
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Plott, Charles R., and Kirill Pogorelskiy. "Call Market Experiments: Efficiency and Price Discovery through Multiple Calls and Emergent Newton Adjustments." American Economic Journal: Microeconomics 9, no. 4 (November 1, 2017): 1–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/mic.20150201.
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We study multiple-unit, laboratory experimental call markets in which orders are cleared by a single price at a scheduled “call.” The markets are independent trading “days” with two calls each day preceded by a continuous and public order flow. Markets approach the competitive equilibrium over time. The price formation dynamics operate through the flow of bids and asks configured as the “jaws” of the order book with contract execution featuring elements of an underlying mathematical principle, the Newton-Raphson method for solving systems of equations. Both excess demand and its slope play a systematic role in call market price discovery. (JEL C92, D41, D44, G14)
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Chávez, Rebecca Bill. "The Appointment and Removal Process for Judges in Argentina: The Role of Judicial Councils and Impeachment Juries in Promoting Judicial Independence." Latin American Politics and Society 49, no. 2 (2007): 33–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1548-2456.2007.tb00406.x.
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AbstractThis article explores the conditions that allow judicial councils and impeachment juries to promote judicial autonomy. In theory, these bodies intervene in the appointment and removal of judges in order to reduce executive control over court composition, thereby promoting judicial independence. Using the case of Argentina at the federal and the subnational levels, this study demonstrates that competitive politics enhances the capacity of judicial councils and impeachment juries to bolster judicial autonomy. Interparty competition provides incentives for the executive to develop a meaningful system of checks and balances, which includes an independent judiciary that can check executive power. In contrast, monolithic party control—defined as a prolonged period of unified government under a highly disciplined party—permits the executive to maintain a monopoly on power and thereby control judicial appointments and removals.
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Annisa, Arna Asna. "Penetapan Harga Jual Produk Murabahah Studi Kasus di BMT Rama Salatiga." Muqtasid: Jurnal Ekonomi dan Perbankan Syariah 4, no. 2 (December 1, 2013): 239. http://dx.doi.org/10.18326/muqtasid.v4i2.239-266.
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This thesis is entitled Selling Price Regulation of Murabahah Product Case Study: BMT RAMA Salatiga. The objectives of this research are to describe 1) the execution of murabahah transaction at BMT RAMA Salatiga, 2) the method in deciding and applying the selling price of murabahah product, and 3) the policy of BMT on conducting its business based on Islamic principles. This research applied descriptive qualitative design and was conducted based on normative-juridical approach. The subjects of the research were the manager of BMT RAMA Salatiga and the costumers of BMT RAMA who were involved in murabahah transactions. The results show that the execution of murabahah transaction has not been applied well. Basically, wakalah aqad should place the costumer as the representative of BMT to get goods before the aqad is signed. It is applied in order to prevent gharar and to draw a distinction between syariah and conventional banking. In regulating its funding product BMT RAMA considers some components such as risks of fund, cost of fund, operational cost, annual profit target, annual funding target, and competition rates. However, the cost of fund component has the consequence of interests which need to be considered in determining murabahah margin. This consequence is absolutely inapropriate with MUI instruction no. 1 year 2004, which forbids interests because of its belonging to riba. Unfortunately, the DPS assistance is still insufficient on this matter.
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Hosseini, S. A., A. Akbarpour, H. Ahmadi, and B. Aminnejad. "Balance of Cost, Time, and Quality Related to Construction Projects Regarding the Reinforced Concrete of Underground Structures using a Meta-Heuristic Algorithm." Archives of Civil Engineering 63, no. 4 (December 1, 2017): 103–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ace-2017-0043.
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AbstractUnderground spaces having features such as stability, resistance, and being undetected can play a key role in reducing vulnerability by relocating infrastructures and manpower. In recent years, the competitive business environment and limited resources have mostly focused on the importance of project management in order to achieve its objectives. In this research, in order to find the best balance among cost, time, and quality related to construction projects using reinforced concrete in underground structures, a multi-objective mathematical model is proposed. Several executive approaches have been considered for project activities and these approaches are analyzed via several factors. It is assumed that cost, time, and quality of activities in every defined approach can vary between compact and normal values, and the goal is to find the best execution for activities, achieving minimum cost and the maximum quality for the project. To solve the proposed multi-objective model, the genetic algorithm NSGA-II is used.
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J Antia, Murad. "Regulations and Economic Welfareicle." Muma Business Review 2 (2018): 037–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.28945/3802.
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The president recently signed an executive order fulfilling his pledge to reduce federal regulations because it is a widely held belief that unfettered business activity and free-market solutions are integral to economic growth and prosperity, and that government intervention and regulation would be inimical to growth and prosperity. It is difficult to argue with the success of a laissez-faire economic system especially when compared to the economies of the east European countries of yesteryear. But, can regulatory intervention promote a more competitive, efficient and fair economy? It is evident that in some instances, regulations can stimulate competition, fair play and innovation.
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Xu, Hai-Chuan, Zhi-Qiang Jiang, and Wei-Xing Zhou. "Immediate price impact of a stock and its warrant: Power-law or logarithmic model?" International Journal of Modern Physics B 31, no. 08 (March 30, 2017): 1750048. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979217500485.
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Based on the order flow data of a stock and its warrant, the immediate price impacts of market orders are estimated by two competitive models, the power-law model (PL model) and the logarithmic model (LG model). We find that the PL model is overwhelmingly superior to the LG model, regarding the robustness of the estimated parameters and the accuracy of out-of-sample forecasting. We also find that the price impacts of ask and bid orders are consistent with each other for filled trades, since significant positive correlations are observed between the model parameters of both types of orders. Our findings may provide valuable insights for optimal trade execution.
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Latif, Rachid, Kaoutar Dahmane, Monir Amraoui, Amine Saddik, and Abdelouahed Elouardi. "Evaluation of Bio-inspired SLAM algorithm based on a Heterogeneous System CPU-GPU." E3S Web of Conferences 229 (2021): 01023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202122901023.
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Localization and mapping are a real problem in robotics which has led the robotics community to propose solutions for this problem... Among the competitive axes of mobile robotics there is the autonomous navigation based on simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) algorithms: in order to have the capacity to track the localization and the cartography of robots, that give the machines the power to move in an autonomous environment. In this work we propose an implementation of the bio-inspired SLAM algorithm RatSLAM based on a heterogeneous system type CPU-GPU. The evaluation of the algorithm showed that with C/C++ we have an executing time of 170.611 ms with a processing of 5 frames/s and for the implementation on a heterogeneous system we used CUDA as language with an execution time of 160.43 ms.
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Mora-Sanguinetti, Juan S., and Pablo Hernández De Cos. "An Assessment of the Reform of the Spanish Competition Framework." World Competition 34, Issue 3 (September 1, 2011): 477–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/woco2011038.
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The aim of this article is to provide an assessment of the main changes resulting from the new competition framework passed in Spain with Law 15/2007, thus abrogating the whole competition framework in force under Law 16/1989. In order to do that, the characteristics of the new and the old competition authority and the new and the old legal framework applying to restrictive practices, merger control, exemptions, and executions are confronted to the practices in the rest of the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) countries. The article concludes that significant improvements both in the independence of the competition authority and in the general efficiency of the legal framework have been achieved. However, in the case of the control of business concentrations, some constraints to the independence of the authority still apply.
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Yang, Bin, and Qi Lin Zhang. "Parallelizing a Modified Particle Swarm Optimizer (PSO)." Advanced Materials Research 163-167 (December 2010): 2404–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.163-167.2404.
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Recently, a modified Particle Swarm Optimizer (MLPSO) has been succeeded in solving truss topological optimization problems and competitive results are obtained. Since this optimizer belongs to evolutionary algorithm and plagued by high computational cost as measured by execution time, in order to reduce its execution time for solving large complex optimization problem, a parallel version for this optimizer is studied in this paper. This paper first gives an overview of PSO algorithm as well as the modified PSO, and then a design and an implementation of parallel PSO is proposed. The performance of the proposed algorithm is tested by two examples and promising speed-up rate is obtained. Final part is conclusion and outlook.
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Çelikkaya, Güner. "Manufacturing Execution Systems And A Sectoral Application." KnE Social Sciences 1, no. 2 (March 19, 2017): 73. http://dx.doi.org/10.18502/kss.v1i2.648.
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<p class="KeywordsText"> Information systems have widespread usage on Manufacturing Systems. Most companies need tracking production processes with information systems to become prominent in highly competitive environment. There are some specific metrics need to be followed and important to access these datas on time and also should be reliable. These metrics include all manufacturing and quality processes. In this context; efficiency, line stoppages, malfunction and interruptions, body and supplied part trace ability informations are needed. This study MES (Manufacturing Execution Systems) is the system developed for tracking production processes. MES is working from receipt of order to delivery of the product that are the essentials for the production activities to achieve real time status of all manufacturing data. In this way, all information which not manually recorded or takes long process time to record or can be tracked instantaneously and these records can be reached and analyzed in the future. The system also provides accurate data for us. In this study all phases from design to implementation of an automotive subindustry firm’s MES application designed based on integrated software process requirements are depicted. Relevant system’s integrated software will be implemented to Module Line. This study will allow tracking related product’s all process, decision making and traceability data with serial numbers.</p>
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Peivandi, Ahmad, and Rakesh V. Vohra. "Instability of Centralized Markets." Econometrica 89, no. 1 (2021): 163–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.3982/ecta15579.
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Centralized markets reduce search for buyers and sellers. Their “thickness” increases the chance of order execution at nearly competitive prices. In spite of the incentives to consolidate, some markets, securities markets and on‐line advertising being the most notable, are fragmented into multiple trading venues. We argue that fragmentation is an inevitable feature of any centralized market except in special circumstances.
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Stacho, Zdenko, Katarína Stachová, and Ján Papula. "THE CHANGES IN THE FOCUS OF SLOVAK ORGANISATIONS ON TALENT MANAGEMENT." Business: Theory and Practice 19 (November 6, 2018): 255–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/btp.2018.25.
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Distinguishing an organisation from the competition, and building a position noticeably ahead of it entails the identification, attracting, education, development, and especially retaining of quality and talented employees. The objective of the article is to analyse the link between the region of operation of the organisation and its focus on the activities related to talent management, and to specify the overall change in the focus of organisations on talent management in time. Several partial objectives, such as a questionnaire survey conducted in Slovak organisations between 2013 – 2017, were fulfilled in order to accomplish this objective. Statistical hypothesis testing aimed at specifying the relationship between the region of operation of the given organisation and the execution of activities related to talent management in it, and the focus of the organisation on career planning of all the categories of employees, confirmed a link between the analysed variables. Positive changes in the selected attributes in time were evaluated by the fixed-base index.
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Palis, Michael A. "On the Competitiveness of Online Real-Time Scheduling with Rate of Progress Guarantees." International Journal of Foundations of Computer Science 14, no. 03 (June 2003): 359–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0129054103001789.
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This paper investigates the task scheduling problem in the oontext of reservation-based real-time systems that provide quality of service (QoS) guarantees. In such a system, each incoming task specifies a rate of progress requirement on the task's execution that must be met by the system in order for the computation to be deeemed usable. A new metric, called granularity, is introduced that quantifies both the maximum slowdown and the variance in execution rate that the task allows. This metric generalizes the stretch metric used in recent research on task scheduling. An online preemptive scheduling algorithm is presented that achieves a competitive ratio of g(1 - r) for every set of tasks with maximum rate r and minimum granularity g. This result generalizes a previous result based on the stretch metric that showed that a competitive ratio of (1 - r) is achievable for the case when g = 1.
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Zou, H. L., S. X. Zeng, H. Lin, and X. M. Xie. "Top executives’ compensation, industrial competition, and corporate environmental performance." Management Decision 53, no. 9 (October 19, 2015): 2036–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/md-08-2014-0515.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to empirically investigate how top executives’ compensation is associated with environmental performance in the Chinese context and how this association varies with differing levels of industrial competition. Design/methodology/approach – Combining agency and institutional theories, the empirical study is based on a sample of 698 publicly listed firms in China’s manufacturing sector. Findings – The authors find that top executives’ cash pay has a positive association, and equity ownership a negative association, with corporate environmental performance. Furthermore, in more competitive industries, both pay and ownership are more strongly associated with environmental performance, indicating that industrial competition plays a moderating role in these relationships. Practical implications – The findings imply that different incentive schemes can motivate executives toward environmental management in the Chinese context in opposite directions. They highlight the importance of improving regulation in order to motivate firms to engage in further environmental management. Originality/value – Previous work on the relationship between executives’ compensation and socially responsible activities has mainly focussed on developed countries. This study is set in an emerging economy, and identifies new evidence to show that the effect of executive incentives is institutionally specific. In addition, it explores the effect of industrial competition on executives’ incentives to engage in environmental management, suggesting an explanation for the contradictory evidence found in previous research.
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Abou-Abed, Fares Nadim. "Algorithmic Provision of System of Optimal Distribution of Tender Projects between Executors by Types of Work in Mining Industry." E3S Web of Conferences 174 (2020): 04015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202017404015.
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Today, in order to manage a mining and industrial enterprise, it is necessary to ensure the planning and management of the project activities of the company at all its stages. During the implementation of the project, at the initial phase of its life cycle, a significant impact on further success is provided by the resource and procurement management subsystem in particular. This subsystem is responsible for the material and technical support of the project, including the processes of acquiring goods, products and services from external supplier organizations: selection of suppliers and contractors and conclusion of contracts with them. In a market economy, the best solution to the problem of selecting performers is possible only in free competition. For this reason, the most commonly used form of selection of contractors for work put forward by the customer is the competitive form. This selection form is implemented in the form of contract bidding, or tender. Due to the breadth of the spread of the competitive form of selection of proposals for work on pre- announced conditions, the problem of selecting performers for a particular project from the number of applicants for the tender becomes urgent. In this case, it is necessary to take into account the requirements for the work execution process and for counterparties with whom contracts are concluded based on the results of tenders. The solution of the problem of the optimal assignment of contractors applying for projects on a competitive basis significantly increases the efficiency of financing distribution, reduces the time frame for the implementation of the work package and produces a general positive economic effect, which determines the relevance of the research topic.
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Maximov, Vitaly, and Svetlana Gladkova. "Mandatory psychiatric assessment: state monopoly or violation of competition?" Vestnik of the St. Petersburg University of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia 2020, no. 4 (December 11, 2020): 46–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.35750/2071-8284-2020-4-46-53.
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The article is devoted to the analysis of paragraph 1 of the Resolution of the Government of the Russian Federation N 695 dated 29 September 2002 and to the investigation of the practice in its application in the bodies’ activities of the executive and judicial branches. Currently there are no legal and regulatory acts with requirements for providing mandatory psychiatric examination by a medical psychiatric commission authorized by the federal executive body in the field of health care or by the executive body of a federal subject of the Russian Federation in the field of health care. This condition significantly limits the competition in this service market and entails the exclusion of a legal entity from participation in tenders. On the basis of systematic, historical and legal, specific sociological, formal logical and hermeneutic methods of the examination and interpretation, the authors make a conclusion about the absence of legislative limits when implementing health services in the area of mandatory psychiatric examination if the organization has a required licence for performing this kind of activity. When analysing actual restrictions the authors studied not only actual and repealed legal and regulatory acts but also contradictory jurisprudence practice and proposed their own recommendations for application of current legislation in order to prevent restricting competition in the market of healthcare delivery.
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Wang, Hebei. "Analysis and Application of Quality Indicators in Hospital Administrative Management Based on a Fuzzy Hierarchical Model." Journal of Sensors 2022 (September 12, 2022): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/4222894.
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The core competitiveness of a hospital lies not only in the competition of medical environment, medical technology, and service level but also in the management concept and management level. The decision-making ability, management ability, organization and coordination ability, and innovative thinking consciousness of hospital administrative cadres, both subjectively and objectively, determine the future development and performance of the hospital to a certain extent. Based on the fuzzy hierarchical model, this article analyzes the quality indicators of hospital administration management and finds that in the first-level indicators, work performance and work ability are more important than other indicators; in work performance, goal achievement, work efficiency, and work quality are relatively important. It is necessary not only to ensure the achievement of goals but also to ensure the quality and efficiency of the work; in the work ability, the execution ability and management ability have the largest weight value, so in the process of administrative management, we should focus on cultivating the execution ability and management ability; in the work attitude, the overall concept and leading by example have the greatest weight, so it is necessary to focus on the overall situation and lead by example; in satisfaction, employee satisfaction has the greatest weight, so it is necessary to pay attention to employee satisfaction in order to better retain talents. According to the department’s management responsibilities, postcharacteristics, and daily assessment, according to the weights determined by the index system in the management line, and through expert points, the index weights are adjusted for departments with different work characteristics and their actual work conditions. Therefore, in the service guarantee department, the weight of work performance is 30%, the weight of work ability is 20%, the weight of work attitude is 25%, and the weight of satisfaction is 25%. In the technical management department, the weight of management ability is adjusted to 30%, the weight of coordination ability is adjusted to 5%, and the weight of innovation ability is adjusted to 5%. In party and government management, the weight of executive power is adjusted to 30% and the weight of analysis and discrimination ability is adjusted to 5%. In the service guarantee, the weight of adaptability is adjusted to 20%, the weight of coordination and communication ability is adjusted to 15%, the weight of analysis and judgment is adjusted to 15%, and the weight of management ability is adjusted to 10%. By establishing a quality index system suitable for hospital administrative management, the current common phenomenon of low work efficiency, large waste of manpower and material resources, and dependence on “waiting, letter, and inquiry” in hospitals can be changed, and the enthusiasm of hospital management cadres can be mobilized to achieve their goals. Give full play to the multiplier effect of hospital management and improvement, and realize the sustainable development and overall competitiveness of the hospital’s overall long-term strategic goals. The implementation of the new medical reform strategy has driven the development and commitment of the medical and health service industry. The development of market economy has become a new challenge as a safe, efficient, convenient, and low-cost way of providing health care services to the masses. The core of hospital competition is not only the competition of medical environment, technology, and medical service but also the competition of concept management and management level. Decision-making ability, leadership ability, organization and coordination ability, and the understanding of the new thinking of hospital management structure determine the future development direction and performance level of the hospital to a certain extent.
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Bachmaier, Birgit, Joachim Lammert, Daniel Plumley, Robert Wilson, and Gregor Hovemann. "Regulatory intensity in English and German professional football." Sport, Business and Management: An International Journal 8, no. 3 (July 9, 2018): 276–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/sbm-02-2017-0012.
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Purpose In order to secure a proper execution of sporting competitions, national governing bodies of professional football leagues apply specific regulatory procedures. In this context, special focus is placed on requirements that are supposed to ensure financial stability of clubs. They, in turn, help avoid negative economic externalities, i.e. the problem that financial difficulties from one club can affect other clubs and stakeholders due to the interdependent relationships of the competition. These regulations on a national level in European professional football leagues show several significant differences. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to comprehensively analyze financial regulatory procedures of professional football leagues to generate possible improvements of the regulations in detail. Design/methodology/approach Using a document analysis of the regulation books of the English Premier League and German Bundesliga (BL), this study compares the regulatory procedures of those important European professional football leagues. Further evaluation was performed through a qualitative content analysis to develop a category system including six categories with 72 criteria from deductive and inductive procedures. For more advanced coding, an assessment scale was integrated. Findings Compared to the Premier League, the regulation of the BL points to a more intensive regulation in all categories and across all analyzed indices. The results of both leagues partially reveal that assessment and monitoring requirements tend to be ineffective, which can substantially endanger the achievement of the whole monitoring process’ aims. The intention to ensure the financial stability for securing the league competition can be missed in such a situation and negative economic externalities cannot be prevented effectively. Originality/value For the first time, this study includes all relevant requirements of financial club assessment and monitoring. Thereby, an abstract comprehensive and systematic structure for professional team sports leagues is described and allows for a concrete international comparison of two European professional football leagues. At the end, several approaches to improve the regulatory framework are provided.
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P.C. Fan, Terence. "“Way Smarter”: Valuair in the budget airline industry." Emerald Emerging Markets Case Studies 3, no. 4 (December 31, 2013): 1–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/eemc-07-2013-0145.
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Title – “Way smarter”: Valuair in the budget airline industry. Subject area – Strategic management and marketing. Study level/applicability – Executive education; postgraduate; undergraduate. Case overview – By 2004, the low-cost carrier model had just recently been introduced to Southeast Asia. Airlines under this model quickly began taking market share. Singapore ' s first budget carrier, Valuair, finds itself in fierce competition between two rapidly emerging competitors in the second half of 2004. Valuair needs to expand in order to remain competitive. However, for this to happen the company needs additional access to capital. The CEO, Sim Kay Wee, has begun pitching to investors that his company is a smart low-risk investment. Is Sim right, given Valuair ' s competitive position and the market environment in which it operates? Expected learning outcomes – Students will be able to apply strategic frameworks in order to develop an understanding of Valuair ' s market position and use this understanding to advice investment decisions. Supplementary materials – Teaching notes are available for educators only. Please contact your library to gain login details or e-mail support@emeraldinsight.com to request teaching notes.
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Fan, Terence P. C. "“Way Smarter”: Valuair in the budget airline industry." Emerald Emerging Markets Case Studies 3, no. 4 (August 2, 2013): 1–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/eemcs-07-2013-0145.
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Subject area Strategic management and marketing. Study level/applicability Executive education; postgraduate; undergraduate. Case overview By 2004, the low-cost carrier model had just recently been introduced to Southeast Asia. Airlines under this model quickly began taking market share. Singapore's first budget carrier, Valuair, finds itself in fierce competition between two rapidly emerging competitors in the second half of 2004. Valuair needs to expand in order to remain competitive. However, for this to happen the company needs additional access to capital. The CEO, Sim Kay Wee, has begun pitching to investors that his company is a smart low-risk investment. Is Sim right, given Valuair's competitive position and the market environment in which it operates? Expected learning outcomes Students will be able to apply strategic frameworks in order to develop an understanding of Valuair's market position and use this understanding to advice investment decisions. Supplementary materials Teaching notes are available for educators only. Please contact your library to gain login details or e-mail support@emeraldinsight.com to request teaching notes.
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Filippova, Tatiana Y., and Irina A. Kuzovleva. "Competitive Environment Assessment and the Contractor Selection Criteria for the State and Municipal Contracts Execution." Materials Science Forum 931 (September 2018): 1187–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.931.1187.
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The article deals with the competitive environment assessment in the investment and construction complex and specifics of the contract system implementation in the procurement of goods, works and services provided for state and municipal institutions. Being a key element in the state construction order implementation and assessing the level of competitiveness of the investment and construction complex enterprises, the contractual bidding mechanism acts as the basis for competitive relations, simultaneously legislating the main price criteria for the selection of contractors, which do not allow to objectively evaluate the applicants' ability to fulfill the conditions of the concluded contract in full.
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RUTKEVYCH, Volodymir, V. KUSHNIR, and O. OSTAPCHUK. "INNOVATIVE MEANS FOR UNLOADING STEM FEED FROM TRENCH STORAGE." Herald of Khmelnytskyi National University 305, no. 1 (February 23, 2022): 260–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.31891/2307-5732-2022-305-1-260-268.
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The issue of increasing the efficiency of the process and technical means for unloading stem fodder from trench storage facilities is considered. The need to create modern, high-tech and competitive equipment for livestock enterprises, appropriate size series of farms with different technologies for keeping animals, focusing on the use of prefabricated structures and equipment in block-modular design. Because the existing equipment does not meet the zootechnical requirements for stalk feeders (the density of feed in storage is disturbed to a depth of 2-2.5 m, which leads to refermentation of feed and reduced nutritional value). The main directions of development of stalk feeders are presented, which are aimed at reducing the loss of feed nutrients when unloading them from widely used trench storage facilities, which is an important problem of feed production. Their constructive and technological executions and the most optimum variant of execution are presented. The necessity of equipping these technical means with intelligent (adaptive) drives of working bodies in order to reduce the power of executive hydraulic motors is indicated. The creation of innovative means for unloading stem fodder from trench storage will increase the level of mechanization of loading and unloading operations, the quality of the technological operation of separating feed from the feed monolith and reduce the cost of agricultural products. Recommendations for maintaining the aerobic stability of feed in the feed monolith and increase the efficiency of the means for unloading stem feed from trench storage are given.
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Puccia, Angelo, César M. Mora Márquez, and Julia M. Núñez-Tabales. "Promotion of European Wines in Third Countries within the Common Market Organisation Framework: The Case of France." Economies 10, no. 2 (February 2, 2022): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/economies10020041.
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The international wine market has undertaken important structural changes in the first decades of the 21st century, both in terms of demand and offer. In order to mitigate the effect deriving from the increase in competition, the European Union (EU) continues to allocate important resources to increase the competitiveness of the winemaking sector by means of its Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) and the Common Market Organization (CMO). This paper aims to understand which factors have an influence on the correct implementation of the CMO measure of promotion in the principal wine exporter country: France. A fuzzy-set model (fs/QCA) has been utilized, studying a period of 10 years since 2009. Results show that is it possible to obtain a better execution ratio of measure of promotion by adapting some key factors, such as CMO budget allocation. These findings could support French national and regional authorities in the task of planning. Moreover, other Member States (MS) could also benefit, since in the new CAP approach, a higher participation in strategic plans is required for them by the EU.
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Podtserkovnyi, O. P., D. V. Ziatina, and O. P. Khamkhodera. "THE PROBLEMS OF LEGAL NATURE OF RECOMMENDED CLARIFICATIONS OF ANTIMONOPOLY COMMITTEE OF UKRAINE." Economics and Law, no. 2 (September 9, 2021): 3–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/econlaw.2021.02.003.
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The article is devoted to the scientific analysis of legal nature of recommendation clarifications of Antimonopoly Committee of Ukraine. The detailed attention is paid to the thorough investigation of provisions of Recommended Clarifications of Antimonopoly Committee of Ukraine No. 39-pp August 08th, 2016 that defines the legal approaches of Anti monopoly Committee, which are recommended to apply by its official bodies while defining of fines for violation of legislation on protection of economic competition, including protection from unfair competition, in order to ensure the legal certainty and predictability of application of legal provisions. On the basis of scientific research, the conclusion is made that recommended clarifications of Antimonopoly Committee of Ukraine by their legal nature are the acts of common regulative force that are not the legislative acts, they also cannot create new legal provisions, they belong to the so called “soft law” by means of which the uniformity of interpretation and uniform rules for realization of legal provisions are ensured. The importance of recommendation as interpretation of legal provisions is highlighted, their place in the regulation of legal relations is defined. The main purpose of recommendations is to form the legal opinion of state authority abot the content and the order of execution of legal provisions. The authors make a conclusion that withdrawal of Antimonopoly Committee of Ukraine from its own legal position as to the practice of fine calculation, that is prescribed in recommended clarifications, provides the possibility to talk about the violation of one of the major principle of law — the principle of legal certainty. The proper realization of discretional competence is based on the compliance with the requirements of legality and adequacy of law enforcement decisions of empowered officials. With the purpose of improvement of current legislation, it is proposed to approve the Methodology for calculating the amount of fines by the Antimonopoly Committee of Ukraine for violation of the legislation on protection of economic competition. The adoption of such Methodological guidance for calculation of fines will increase the efficiency of national regulative provisions and goes completely in line with the provisions of Association Agreement between the European Union and Ukraine.
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Yatskovskyy, V. V., V. O. Melnyk, and V. I. Kovtsun. "Indicators of Competitive Activity of Teams of Different Qualifications in 3x3 Basketball." Ukraïnsʹkij žurnal medicini, bìologìï ta sportu 7, no. 5 (November 21, 2022): 361–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.26693/jmbs07.05.361.
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The purpose of the study was to determine the qualification differences in the structure and content of the competitive activity of teams of different qualifications in 3x3 basketball. Materials and methods. Indicators of competitive activity of highly qualified teams in 22 games of the 2018 World Cup and indicators of competitive activity of qualified teams in 38 games were analyzed. Quantitative indicators of execution and implementation of technical and tactical actions were identified and their effectiveness was calculated in five groups of indicators. Results and discussion. The average indicators of the duration of the game of teams of high qualification are smaller both in the total time of the game and in the indicators of "net" time. The number of executions and the effectiveness of one-point shots are higher in skilled teams, but the efficiency of the specified component is higher in highly skilled teams. The performance of two-point shots (number of shots, effectiveness and efficiency) is higher in highly skilled teams. In the indicators of the adjacent group, significant differences were recorded only in the total number of losses per game, which confirms the high intensity of the game in the competitions of highly qualified teams. The study of the differences in the indicators of the tactical group revealed that the skilled teams reliably prevail in the number of offensive actions with the help of individual actions. However, at the same time, the efficiency indicators are better in highly qualified teams. A study of the indicators of conducting attacks with the help of group tactical actions showed that the advantage in almost all indicators is on the side of highly skilled teams, except for the number of one-point shots and the efficiency of the implementation of two-point shots. Differentiation of group tactical actions by duration (number of passes) showed that highly skilled teams prefer longer attacking actions in order to bring the player to a comfortable position for a shot. Conclusion. Characteristic features of the structure and content of the competitive activity of teams of different qualifications are a shorter duration of the game, a smaller number of attacks and throws by highly qualified teams, higher indicators of the effectiveness and efficiency of throws by highly qualified teams, and the absence of differences in the effectiveness of free throws. Qualified teams have significantly more turnovers. The overall quantitative indicators of execution and effectiveness, indicators of execution and effectiveness of one-point shots during the use of individual tactical actions by players of highly qualified teams are significantly lower (p <0.01) than the mentioned indicators of qualified teams. It was found that the group tactical actions of highly qualified teams are aimed at completing attacks with a two-point shot, which in most cases is confirmed by a significant advantage (р <0.01) over the indicators of quantitative performance and performance of qualified teams. However, at the same time, the indicators of the performance of two-point shots are not significant (p >0.05), but better in qualified teams
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Amalnik, Morteza Sadegh. "A Reference Model and a vision for manufacturing system for 2030." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COMPUTERS & TECHNOLOGY 14, no. 7 (April 30, 2015): 5861–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.24297/ijct.v14i7.1899.
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The manufacturing enterprises are now experiencing high pressure of competition. In addition, the advancement in computer software, hardware, networks, information technologies and integration has been gradually reshaping the manufacturing companies by shifting from the industrial age to the information and knowledge era. Due to these elevated competitiveness and advanced computer technology, a number of new manufacturing and management strategies (e.g., Lean production, Just in time, Kaizen, Concurrent Engineering (CE), Cellular Manufacturing (CM), Agile manufacturing, Business process re-engineering (BPR), Agent-based systems (ABS), Computer Integrated Manufacturing (CIM), virtual manufacturing system have emerged for the innovation of manufacturing industries. The developments in organizational concepts created new concepts such as Smart organizations, Centers of excellence, Intelligent enterprises, Integrated enterprises, Virtual enterprises, Virtual enterprises networks, Dynamic enterprises, Extended enterprises, Agile enterprises, Lean enterprises, Process-driven organizations, e-enterprises, Borderless enterprises, Complicated or complex manufacturing systems, Flat structures and others. These terms have been used by researchers to describe various aspects of enterprises and its operational aspects. Although they have different definitions and scopes, there are several common issues: integration of enterprise functions; integration of enterprise resources; and collaboration. In addition Various vendors produced software applications such as Materials Requirement Planning (MRP), Manufacturing Resource Planning (MRP II), Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP),CAD/CAM systems, Manufacturing Execution System (MES), Advanced Planning & Scheduling System (APS), Supply Chain Execution (SCE), Customer Relationship Management (CRM), Advanced Order Management (AOM), Warehouse Management Systems (WMS), Transport Management System (TMS) and others. This paper proposes a Reference Model and vision for Manufacturing System for 2030 and discussed various aspects of future manufacturing enterprise..It supports the inter-enterprise functions/resources integration and collaboration over the networked environment.
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Faujura, Rahmanisa Purnamasari, Elisatris Gultom, and Sudjana Sudjana. "THE MONOPOLY PRACTICE AND UNFAIR BUSINESS COMPETITION IN THE TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER ACTIVITY THROUGH THE FOREIGN PATENT IN INDONESIA." UUM Journal of Legal Studies 12, Number 1 (January 31, 2021): 69–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.32890/uumjls2021.12.1.4.
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It is a common knowledge that technology development shall be in line with the development of a nation. This fact is raising the need of developing countries as Indonesia to maximize potential in the field of technology. However, it is not easy as it sounds, there are many obstacles for a country to develop its potential in technology, notably for the expert in the relevant country to master the necessary skills. Due to this limitation, many countries are beginning to fill-in the gap by registering license of foreign patent. It is expected that the use of foreign patent will replace the higher cost and longer time needed in developing local technology in the developing countries. Unfortunately, the use of foreign patent license does not itself automatically enhance one’s ability to master the necessary skills. Many cases where developing countries were deceived by the ‘grant-back’ clause attached to the foreign patent license. The licensee’s position is consequently considered has lower than of the licensor, which in its turn may rise monopoly practice and unfair business competition. This study is conducted with the purpose to formulate an effective technology transfer through the licensing of foreign patent that can refrain from the repetition of monopoly practice and unfair business competition, according to the TRIPs signed by WTO and the positive law in Indonesia. This study is using juridical-normative approach as the methodology of research, it also use analytical approach through the Law Number 13 of 2016 concerning Patent; Law Number 5 of 1999 concerning Prohibition of the Monopoly Practice and Unfair Business Competition as well as the Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights signed by the World Trade Organization, with respect to the license agreement of the foreign patent. Based on the issue as established previously in this journal, the expected outcome of increased information dissemination towards countries using patent licensing agreement in technology and information development related to any matter in intellectual property specifically in licensing agreement, which has higher possibility for Monopolistic Practices and Unfair Business Competition. Therefore, shows that in principle in order to prevent the licensing of foreign patent to lead onto the monopoly practice and unfair business competition, a country must establish a controlling entity to supervise the execution of the foreign patent and at the same time, enacting harmonious rules and regulations with such supervision.
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Kang, Bongju, and Yangkee Lee. "Forecasting the Competition of International Standardization Preoccupation." Standards 2, no. 3 (August 22, 2022): 385–401. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/standards2030026.
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In the era of the Fourth Industrial Revolution, the establishment of a TBT system that utilizes the knowledge-based view as a means of overcoming the problems of scarcity of human resources and lack of technological capabilities faced by export companies that produce and supply products and services is being emphasized. The WTO TBT Agreement, which is based on the multilateral agreement of the GATT 7th Tokyo Round, consists of 15 articles and 3 annexes to ensure that technical regulations, standards, and conformity assessment systems do not act as technical barriers to trade. The transition to the digital economy (EDT) has been accelerating, and currently the EDT presents both a challenge and an opportunity. The US, which is at the center of the international standards competition, has accelerated standards competition by invoking supply chain executive order decoupling, and as China looks to implement the policy set out in the China Standards 2035 Plan, the relationship between the US and China is worsening in relation to the preoccupation with standards. Dreaming of a Chinese version of this US strategy, China, which is connected from 12.5 to 14.5 units, is accelerating its standardization strategy through the Made in China 2035 program. The “double cycle development strategy” and “technological innovation” are key mid- to long-term policy directions. Korea should develop a Korean-style conformity assessment development model based on the TBT system, which is a major element of non-tariff barriers, under the WTO/FTA system that promotes the flow of the KBV along with the establishment of a digital transformation system.
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Grishina, Elena N., Elena A. Lysova, Irina P. Lapteva, and Eleonora V. Nagovitsyna. "Educational platform of region’s digital modernization in Industry 4.0." On the Horizon 27, no. 3/4 (October 11, 2019): 180–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/oth-07-2019-0040.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to substantiate the importance of an educational platform for digital modernization of modern Russia’s regions in Industry 4.0 and to determine the functions and conceptual foundations of organization of regional market of educational services for execution of functions for stimulation of digital modernization of Russia’s regional economy. Design/methodology/approach The authors use the method of regression analysis for studying the influence of the indicators of adaptation of the market of educational services to the conditions of Industry 4.0 on efficiency of digital modernization of economy of the regions of the Volga Federal District of the Russian Federation as of late 2018-early 2019. The information and empirical basis of the paper is materials of the index “Digital Russia” of the Moscow School of Management “Skolkovo.” Findings It is determined that the market of educational services plays an important role in the process of transition of regions of modern Russia to Industry 4.0, performing two functions: training of personnel who are capable of working with digital technologies and training of personnel who are capable of creating new digital technologies at a region’s companies. As a result, the educational platform of digital modernization of the regional economy is formed. The developed conceptual foundations of an organization of the regional market of educational services for execution of its functions on stimulating the digital modernization of Russia’s regional economy allow for three variants of the process of training of personnel: within execution of the order of partner companies in a regional technological park, within participation of the region’s companies in a tender for training of personnel and within an independent initiation of the process of training of personnel by universities based on the results of digital marketing. Originality/value The offered authors’ recommendations ensure the following advantages during the creation and development of the educational platform of a region’s digital modernization in Industry 4.0: high marketing activity of universities, direct sequence of training of personnel and improved treatment of the effectiveness of regional universities as the ratio of efficiency in personnel training to expenditures, which stimulates competition between universities and maximization of effectiveness of educational platform of a region’s digital modernization in Industry 4.0.
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Yang, Bin, and Qi Lin Zhang. "A Parellelzing Modified Particle Swarm Optimizer and its Application to Discrete Topological Optimization." Advanced Materials Research 433-440 (January 2012): 4401–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.433-440.4401.
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recently, a modified Particle Swarm Optimizer (MLPSO) has been succeeded in solving truss topological optimization problems and competitive results are obtained. In order to reduce its execution time for solving large complex optimization problem, a parallel version for this optimizer (PMLPSO) is studied in this paper. This paper first gives an overview of PSO algorithm as well as the modified PSO, and then a design and an implementation of parallel PSO is proposed. Since most of structural problems involve discrete design variables, an effect strategy is involved in MLPSO in order to operate on discrete variables. The performance of the proposed algorithm is tested by two examples and promising speed-up rate is obtained. Final part is conclusion and outlook.
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Taufer, Michela, and Arnold L. Rosenberg. "Scheduling DAG-based workflows on single cloud instances: High-performance and cost effectiveness with a static scheduler." International Journal of High Performance Computing Applications 31, no. 1 (July 28, 2016): 19–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1094342015594518.
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The problem of achieving high-performance cost-effectively in cloud computing is challenging when workflows have Directed Acyclic Graph (DAG)-structured inter-task dependencies. We study this problem within single cloud instances and provide empirical evidence that the static Area-Oriented DAG-Scheduling (AO) paradigm, which predetermines the order for executing a DAG’s tasks, provides both high performance and cost effectiveness. AO produces schedules in a platform-oblivious manner; it ignores the performance characteristics of the platform’s resources and focuses only on the dependency structure of the workflow. Specifically, AO’s schedules strive to enhance the rate of rendering tasks eligible for execution. Using an archive of diverse DAG-structured workflows, we experimentally compare AO with a variety of competing DAG-schedulers: (a) the static locally optimal DAG-scheduler (LO), which, like AO, is static and platform-oblivious but chooses its DAG-ordering based on tasks’ outdegrees; and (b) five dynamic versions of static schedulers (including AO and LO), each of which can violate its parent static scheduler’s prescribed task orders to avoid stalling. Our results provide evidence of AO’s supremacy as compared with LO and its essential equivalence to dynamic-AO: neither competitor yields higher performance at an lower cost than AO does. Two aspects of these results are notable. Firstly, AO is platform-oblivious, whereas dynamic-AO is intensely platform-sensitive; one would expect platform sensitivity to enhance performance. Secondly, AO outperforms LO by an order of magnitude, together with lower costs; one would not expect such a performance gap.
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Tolstobrov, Danil. "OPERATIONAL EVALUATION OF THE PROBABILITY OF PERFORMANCE OF THE ORDER IN THE CONDITION OF UNCERTAINTY OF CONSUMER DEMAND." Applied Mathematics and Control Sciences, no. 3 (September 30, 2019): 133–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.15593/2499-9873/2019.3.08.
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Modern software allows industrial enterprises to rationalize the use of employees' working hours, to reduce labor intensity and material consumption of manufactured products, but the factor of consumer demand uncertainty forces us to focus on a probabilistic model when forming a portfolio of orders. The paper considers the method of operational forecasting of production costs and the probability of execution of the application by an enterprise operating in the market of perfect competition in the conditions of clients filing applications with an incomplete amount of information. The author's approach to the operational assessment of production costs is based on the ABC method and the rules of cutting design "Muller and son". It allows the calculation step of the request to edit a group of multidimensional products according to customer's requirements, the result is the ratio of the balance between expected customer price and pledged the company profitability. It allows at the stage of calculating the application to edit a group of multidimensional products according to customer requirements, as a result, a balance is reached between the price expected by the client and the profitability laid by the enterprise. According to this method, for calculating a non-standard request, a multidimensional product is represented as a group of rectangular parallelepiped shapes. Costs for each material layer used in the product are considered separately in the calculation process. The study of the nature of the relationship between the consumption rates of sheet material, the dimensions of a multidimensional product and the useful width of the roll made it possible to establish their proportions leading to peak values of the consumption of material. To exclude additional material costs, a method has been developed and tested to find the optimal material consumption taking into account the probability of order fulfillment. Application of these recommendations will allow industrial enterprises to increase the value of products and the enterprise for each participant of relations; will be the basis for the growth of competitiveness of domestic products.
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El Amry, Abdelkader. "La Dematerialisation : Determinant Primordial De L’efficacite De La Commande Publique." European Scientific Journal, ESJ 14, no. 19 (July 31, 2018): 63. http://dx.doi.org/10.19044/esj.2018.v14n19p63.
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In Morocco, public procurement represents 17.4% of GDP, equivalent to 195 billion dirhams in 2018 (Maghreb Arab Press, 2018), which makes it more exposed to unhealthy practices that can be engaged both by officials and operators across all stages of the procurement process. Above all, such practices create a climate devoid of transparency and generates weaknesses in public procurement systems. It is, therefore, essential for the Moroccan administration to integrate anti-corruption measures into the procurement process. Among these anti-corruption measures, there is the " e-procurement " which all specialists in the field of public control unanimously assume that it has become key in the promotion of competition, transparency, integrity, simplification of procedures, and modernization of public expenditure execution processes. Moreover, they admit that it contributes to a large extent to reduce corruption without destroying it. To inquire about the veracity of the contribution of the e-procurement to the efficiency of public order, a questionaire was administered to four co-ordinators and four companies of different working fields in the city of Meknes. The objective is to explore the relationship between e-procurement and the fundamental principles of public control. Eventually, the results of this study revealed that eprocurement is determinant to the effectiveness of public procurement.
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Jeon, Jin-Kwan, In-Won Hwang, Hyun-Jun Lee, and Younho Lee. "Improving the Performance of RLizard on Memory-Constraint IoT Devices with 8-Bit ATmega MCU." Electronics 9, no. 9 (September 22, 2020): 1549. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics9091549.
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We propose an improved RLizard implementation method that enables the RLizard key encapsulation mechanism (KEM) to run in a resource-constrained Internet of Things (IoT) environment with an 8-bit micro controller unit (MCU) and 8–16 KB of SRAM. Existing research has shown that the proposed method can function in a relatively high-end IoT environment, but there is a limitation when applying the existing implementation to our environment because of the insufficient SRAM space. We improve the implementation of the RLizard KEM by utilizing electrically erasable, programmable, read-only memory (EEPROM) and flash memory, which is possessed by all 8-bit ATmega MCUs. In addition, in order to prevent a decrease in execution time related to their use, we improve the multiplication process between polynomials utilizing the special property of the second multiplicand in each algorithm of the RLizard KEM. Thus, we reduce the required MCU clock cycle consumption. The results show that, compared to the existing code submitted to the National Institute of Standard and Technology (NIST) PQC standardization competition, the required MCU clock cycle is reduced by an average of 52%, and the memory used is reduced by approximately 77%. In this way, we verified that the RLizard KEM works well in our low-end IoT environments.
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Yeh, Jeong Yau, and Chiu Chi Wei. "Model for Assigning Project Members to Maximize Personality Balance." Applied Mechanics and Materials 556-562 (May 2014): 6815–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.556-562.6815.
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Global competition has forced enterprises to constantly innovate business administration and product services, in order to dominate markets and to compete effectively. However, the formulation and execution of strategy and the development of products and services rely largely on a concrete management system that can efficiently produce attractive products within the shortest period of time. Project management is an effective way of achieving these objectives. A temporary task group is formed by borrowing personnel from related divisions, without altering the original organizational structure and adding extra workforce. Various team-building activities are used to quickly transform this group of people into a solid project team and to accomplish the specified project objectives as soon as possible. Traditional assignment of project personnel is based primarily on work experiences and expertise and ignores the role that personalities play in the success of the project. Therefore, this study develops a project assignment quantitative model that maximizes the team’s personality balance by selecting the most suitable personnel from a group of qualified capable candidates, to increase the possibility of success for the project. The results of the example show that the model developed can help a project manager to form a project team in which the members’ personalities are highly balanced, to maximize the project performance.