Relevant bibliographies by topics / Competing agents

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Competing agents'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 30 May 2022
Last updated: 31 May 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Competing agents"

1

Agnetis, Allesandro, Pitu B. Mirchandani, Dario Pacciarelli, and Andrea Pacifici. "Scheduling Problems with Two Competing Agents." Operations Research 52, no. 2 (April 2004): 229–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/opre.1030.0092.

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TESCH, THOMAS, PETER FANKHAUSER, and ARIS M. OUKSEL. "ARBITRATION PROTOCOLS FOR COMPETING SOFTWARE AGENTS." International Journal of Cooperative Information Systems 10, no. 01n02 (March 2001): 125–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021884300100028x.

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The exchange of goods and services between bargaining software agents requires new forms of brokering mechanisms which achieve consensus between conflicting parties. Such mechanisms have to be designed in a way that they give rational self-interested agents no incentives for insincere behavior. We introduce an arbiter as third party that resolves conflicting bargaining situations between the agents. To achieve non-manipulative agent behavior, we investigate three arbitration protocols that avoid different forms of manipulations and show how each trades net efficiency for robustness against manipulations. We describe the applicability of the protocols in bilateral bargaining situations and, analyze their robustness against manipulations analytically and by simulations. We compare the protocols with Nash's arbitration1 and the Groves-Clarke tax2 and characterize situations in which our protocols are superior.
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Plaza, Enric, Josep Llu�s Arcos, Pablo Noriega, and Carles Sierra. "Competing agents in agent-mediated institutions." Personal Technologies 2, no. 3 (September 1998): 212–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01321177.

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Vázquez, Alexei. "Self-organization in populations of competing agents." Physical Review E 62, no. 4 (October 1, 2000): R4497—R4500. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physreve.62.r4497.

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WANG, BING-HONG, and BAOSHENG YUAN. "EVOLUTIONARY DYNAMICS OF COMPETING BOOLEAN NETWORK AGENTS." International Journal of Modern Physics B 21, no. 23n24 (September 30, 2007): 4041–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979207045177.

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We investigate the dynamics of network minority games on Kauffman's NK networks (Kauffman nets) and growing directed networks (GDNets). We show that the dynamics and the associated phase structure of the game depend crucially on the structure of the underlying network. The dynamics on GDNets is very stable for all values of the connection number K, in contrast to the dynamics on Kauffman's NK networks, which becomes chaotic when K > Kc = 2. For Kauffman nets with K > 3, the evolutionary scheme has no effect on the dynamics (it remains chaotic) and the performance of the MG resembles that of a random choice game (RCG).
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Paczuski, Maya, Kevin E. Bassler, and Álvaro Corral. "Self-Organized Networks of Competing Boolean Agents." Physical Review Letters 84, no. 14 (April 3, 2000): 3185–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.84.3185.

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Lee, Wen-Chiung, and Jen-Ya Wang. "A scheduling problem with three competing agents." Computers & Operations Research 51 (November 2014): 208–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cor.2014.06.011.

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Chung, Dae-Young, and Byung-Cheon Choi. "Just-in-time Scheduling with Multiple Competing Agents." Journal of the Korean Operations Research and Management Science Society 37, no. 1 (March 31, 2012): 19–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.7737/jkorms.2012.37.1.019.

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Hall, Victoria M., Alyssa Thornton, Elizabeth K. Miehls, Jeffery A. Bertke, and Jennifer A. Swift. "Uric Acid Crystallization Interrupted with Competing Binding Agents." Crystal Growth & Design 19, no. 12 (November 4, 2019): 7363–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.cgd.9b01225.

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Dhar, Deepak, V. Sasidevan, and Bikas K. Chakrabarti. "Emergent cooperation amongst competing agents in minority games." Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications 390, no. 20 (October 2011): 3477–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.physa.2011.05.014.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Competing agents"

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Rodrigues, Tabajara Krausburg. "Constrained coalition formation among heterogeneous agents for the multi-agent programming contest." Pontif?cia Universidade Cat?lica do Rio Grande do Sul, 2018. http://tede2.pucrs.br/tede2/handle/tede/8102.

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Esta disserta??o apresenta um estudo sobre forma??o de coaliz?es entre agentes heterog?neos para a competi??o de programa??o multiagente de 2017. Foi investigado e aplicado a forma??o de estruturas de coaliz?es entre agentes para resolver problemas log?sticos simulados sobre o mapa de uma cidade real. A fim de atingir o objetivo deste trabalho, foram integrados algoritmos formadores de coaliz?es na plataforma JaCaMo por meio de um artefato CArtAgO chamado CFArtefact. Foi utilizada a implementa??o provida pelo time SMART-JaCaMo (time participante da competi??o multiagente), para experimentar a forma??o de coaliz?es na competi??o. Tr?s abordagens foram avaliadas no dom?nio da competi??o em diferentes configura??es. A primeira abordagem utiliza somente aloca??o de tarefas para resolver o problema. A segunda e a terceira abordagem utilizam a t?cnica de forma??o de coaliz?es anteriormente ? aloca??o de tarefas; dentre estas abordagens, uma utiliza um algor?timo ?timo para resolver o problema e a outra um heur?stico. As an?lises dos experimentos realizados mostram que algor?timos formadores de coaliz?es podem melhorar a performance do time participante da competi??o quando a taxa de trabalhos gerados pelo simulador ? baixa. Entretanto, conforme a taxa de trabalhos aumenta, a abordagem que realiza somente aloca??o de tarefas obt?m um desempenho melhor quando comparada as demais. Mesmo a abordagem heur?stica tem desempenho pr?ximo ? abordagem ?tima para coaliz?es. Desta forma, ? poss?vel concluir que forma??o de coaliz?es possui grande valia para balancear os agentes para um conjunto de trabalhos que precisa ser completado.
This work focuses on coalition formation among heterogeneous agents for the 2017 multiagent programming contest. An agent is a computer system that is capable of independent action to achieve its goals. In order to increase the effectiveness of the agents, we can organise them into coalitions, in which the agents collaborate with each other to achieve individual or common goals. We investigate and apply coalition structure generation (the first activity of the coalition formation process) in simulated scenarios, specifically the 2017 contest scenario, where the agents forming a competing team cooperate to solve logistic problems simulated on the map of a real city. In order to achieve our goal, we integrate coalition formation algorithms into the JaCaMo platform by means of a CArtAgO artefact, named CFArtefact. We use the implementation of the SMART JaCaMo team for experimenting with the coalition formation approach in the contest scenario. We experiment on three approaches in the contest domain with different configurations. In the first, we use only a taskallocation mechanism, while the other approaches use an optimal coalition formation algorithm and a heuristic coalition formation algorithm. We conducted several experiments to compare the advantages of each approach. Our results show that coalition formation algorithms can improve the performance of a participating team when dealing with low job rates (i.e., how quickly new jobs are created by the simulation). However, as we increase the job rate, the approach using only task allocation has better performance. Even a heuristic coalition formation approach has close performance to the optimal one in that case. Coalition formation can play an important role when we aim to balance each group of agents to accomplish some particular goal given a larger team of cooperating agents.
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Holland, James Michael. "Competing in a Confined Arena." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1386720175.

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Wiktorek, Alexandra Christine. "Rusyns of the Carpathians competing agendas of identity /." Connect to Electronic Thesis (CONTENTdm), 2010. http://worldcat.org/oclc/648974430/viewonline.

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Колпакова, Тетяна Олексіївна. "Методи, моделі та інформаційна технологія підтримки процесу вибору конкуруючих агентів." Thesis, Запорізький національний технічний університет, 2016. http://repository.kpi.kharkov.ua/handle/KhPI-Press/27267.

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Дисертація на здобуття наукового ступеня кандидата технічних наук за спеціальністю 05.13.06 – інформаційні технології. – Національний технічний університет "Харківський політехнічний інститут", Харків, 2017. Мета дисертації – підвищення ефективності процесу експертного оцінювання на основі методів, моделей та інформаційної технології підтримки процесу вибору конкуруючих агентів. Об'єкт дослідження – процес вибору конкуруючих агентів. Предмет дослідження – моделі, методи та інформаційна технологія вибору конкуруючих агентів. Розроблено нові моделі, методи та інформаційну технологію, які забез-печують підтримку впродовж всього процесу вибору конкуруючих агентів з метою підвищення якості рішення, що приймається. Запропоновано модель процесу вибору конкуруючих агентів, в якій склад-ний процес вибору декомпозується на чітко визначені етапи. Удосконалено метод визначення групових оцінок агентів на основі отримання, формалізації та агрегації індивідуальних експертних оцінок за кожним рішенням, що включає етапи абсолютного і відносного оцінювання та враховує коефіцієнти довіри до оцінки кожного учасника. Удосконалено метод оцінювання конкуруючих агентів за набором критеріїв, що дозволяє складати рейтинг агентів. Удосконалено метод оптимізації розподілу обсягу замовлення між конкуруючими агентами, який враховує відносні коефіцієнти важливості критеріїв. Створено інформаційну технологію, що дозволяє автоматизувати процес вибору конкуруючих агентів. Виконано експериментальні дослідження з вирішення практичних задач вибору конкуруючих агентів. Розроблену інформаційну систему впроваджено на підприємствах i в організаціях.
The thesis for a candidate degree in technical sciences on the specialty 05.13.06 – Information Technologies. – National Technical University "Kharkiv Polytechnic Institute", Kharkiv, 2017. The purpose of the thesis – increasing of selection process effectiveness basing on methods, models and information technology of supporting the process of competing agents selecting. The object of research – the process of competing agents selecting. The subject of research – models, methods and information technology of competing agents selecting. New models, methods and information technology which provide support of the entire process of competing agents selecting and allow to improve the quality of decisions are developed. The model of the process of competing agents selecting, which represents decomposition of the process into a set of defined stages is proposed. The method of determining group ratings based on individual expert ratings for each decision which includes obtaining of individual ratings of experts comprising absolute and relative evaluation and takes into account coefficients of confidence in the evaluations provided by each participant is improved. The method of competing agents evaluating by a set of criteria that allows to rank the agents is improved. A method of optimizing the distribution of the order among competing agents which takes into account the relative importance of criteria is improved. An information technology which allows to automate the process competing agents selecting is developed. Experimental research on solving practical problems of competing agents selection was performed. The information system is implemented in enterprises and organizations.
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Колпакова, Тетяна Олексіївна. "Методи, моделі та інформаційна технологія підтримки процесу вибору конкуруючих агентів." Thesis, НТУ "ХПІ", 2017. http://repository.kpi.kharkov.ua/handle/KhPI-Press/27266.

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Дисертація на здобуття наукового ступеня кандидата технічних наук за спеціальністю 05.13.06 – інформаційні технології. – Національний технічний університет "Харківський політехнічний інститут", Харків, 2017. Мета дисертації – підвищення ефективності процесу експертного оцінювання на основі методів, моделей та інформаційної технології підтримки процесу вибору конкуруючих агентів. Об'єкт дослідження – процес вибору конкуруючих агентів. Предмет дослідження – моделі, методи та інформаційна технологія вибору конкуруючих агентів. Розроблено нові моделі, методи та інформаційну технологію, які забез-печують підтримку впродовж всього процесу вибору конкуруючих агентів з метою підвищення якості рішення, що приймається. Запропоновано модель процесу вибору конкуруючих агентів, в якій склад-ний процес вибору декомпозується на чітко визначені етапи. Удосконалено метод визначення групових оцінок агентів на основі отримання, формалізації та агрегації індивідуальних експертних оцінок за кожним рішенням, що включає етапи абсолютного і відносного оцінювання та враховує коефіцієнти довіри до оцінки кожного учасника. Удосконалено метод оцінювання конкуруючих агентів за набором критеріїв, що дозволяє складати рейтинг агентів. Удосконалено метод оптимізації розподілу обсягу замовлення між конкуруючими агентами, який враховує відносні коефіцієнти важливості критеріїв. Створено інформаційну технологію, що дозволяє автоматизувати процес вибору конкуруючих агентів. Виконано експериментальні дослідження з вирішення практичних задач вибору конкуруючих агентів. Розроблену інформаційну систему впроваджено на підприємствах i в організаціях.
The thesis for a candidate degree in technical sciences on the specialty 05.13.06 – Information Technologies. – National Technical University "Kharkiv Polytechnic Institute", Kharkiv, 2017. The purpose of the thesis – increasing of selection process effectiveness basing on methods, models and information technology of supporting the process of competing agents selecting. The object of research – the process of competing agents selecting. The subject of research – models, methods and information technology of competing agents selecting. New models, methods and information technology which provide support of the entire process of competing agents selecting and allow to improve the quality of decisions are developed. The model of the process of competing agents selecting, which represents decomposition of the process into a set of defined stages is proposed. The method of determining group ratings based on individual expert ratings for each decision which includes obtaining of individual ratings of experts comprising absolute and relative evaluation and takes into account coefficients of confidence in the evaluations provided by each participant is improved. The method of competing agents evaluating by a set of criteria that allows to rank the agents is improved. A method of optimizing the distribution of the order among competing agents which takes into account the relative importance of criteria is improved. An information technology which allows to automate the process competing agents selecting is developed. Experimental research on solving practical problems of competing agents selection was performed. The information system is implemented in enterprises and organizations.
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Reece, Glen A. "Characterization and design of rational competent execution agents for use in dynamic environments." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/21482.

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Carrying out previously developed plans in the real world, such as picking a friend up at the airport or cooking dinner, requires that we possess some basic abilities for behaving rationally. As we all know, things just never go to plan 100 percent of the time, so possessing the facilities to cope with this uncertainty makes us good execution agents. However, the term "rational" is easy to state, and difficult to define. Just what abilities do we possess that allow us to reason in a rational manner? Researchers in the field of Artificial Intelligence (AI) have been attempting to make a precise definition of rationality since the beginning. Though we still do not have a universally accepted definition, we do have systems which to varying degrees appear to demonstrate qualities which can be said to be rational. If we characterise those systems, we can define a minimum set of capabilities which allow us to design a basic rational agent. This thesis proposes a design of a reactive execution agent (REA) which accepts and executes task directives in a dynamic environment. This design draws on an amalgam of ideas emerging from situated rational agency research. It yields an agent which is able to accept task directives (or reject them), reason about directives to determine how to achieve them (maintaining commitments to achieving other directives), respond to execution failures, and communicate with a superior agent when further deliberation is required beyond the abilities of the REA.
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Silver, Jim. "Replication-competent adenovirus 11p vector as a new oncolytic agent." Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Virologi, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-50773.

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Human adenoviruses (Ads) as vectors have been studied for cancer gene therapy for several decades due to their ability to shut down host cell replication and lyse tumour cells. Ad5 of species C is commonly used as a replication-defective or a replication-competent vector. However, many tumour cells are relatively refractory to infection by Ad5 since the cells lack the viral receptor CAR. Thus, species B Ads are becoming more important as alternative vectors since they use CD46 as primary receptor, the expression of which is up-regulated on many tumour cell surfaces, and they also have low seroprevalence in humans. Although Ad3, Ad7, Ad11 and Ad35 have been altered to become replication-defective vectors, investigations based on replicating adenovirus vectors are still warranted.   The major aim of this thesis has been to characterize the transduction efficacy and oncolytic effect of the replication-competent adenovirus 11pGFP vector (RCAd11pGFP) in human solid tumour cell lines. Evaluation of the vector would ultimately help us to understand whether the tumour cells affect virus replication and whether the vector replicates differently in tumour cells and in untransformed diploid cells, and would eventually lead to development of more potent oncolytic adenoviruses for treatment of human cancers. The Ad11-based vector RCAd11pGFP consists of the entire Ad11p genome with a green fluorescence protein (GFP) expression cassette inserted. RCAd11pGFP shows all the characteristics of the wild-type virus and expresses GFP in cells four hours p.i. Antisera raised against Ad11p virions and hexons were able to neutralize RCAd11pGFP infection but antiserum raised against the Ad11p fibre knob could not. The infection is reduced by 90% but the fibre knob antiserum cannot completely block virus infection. Initial screening of the infection capacity of five wild-type adenoviruses in four colon cancer cell lines revealed that Ad11p, Ad11a and Ad35 of species B, showed similar replication kinetics but Ad5 showed delayed onset of virus replication in comparison to species B Ads. These data support the use of Ad11p as an alternative vector for treatment of colon cancer. The transduction efficiency of RCAd11pGFP in colon cancer and prostate cancer cell lines was studied using flow cytometry assay (FACS), and this showed that the cytolytic effect was not always in accordance with GFP expression. Toxicity assay and virus one-step replication assay showed that RCAd11pGFP replicates in highly tumorigenic cell lines (HT29, T84 and PC-3) to a greater extent than less tumorigenic cell lines (LS174T, HCT-8, DU145 and LNCaP cells), even though the latter showed relatively high GFP expression. This initial finding led to the subsequent discovery of CEACAM-family molecules, which were highly expressed in HT29 and T84 cells. Interestingly, the Ad5 wild-type virus did not manifest the same tumour-specific replication that RCAd11pGFP did in the cell lines studied. Furthermore, we investigated the influence of tumour markers for RCAd11pGFP replication in colon cancer cells. A double-staining FACS assay for detecting members of CEACAM-family molecules was established and we found that the levels of CEACAM6 were up-regulated in the cells infected by RCAd11pGFP or Ad11pwt relative to uninfected cells. However, this virus replication could not be suppressed by CEACEA6 siRNA. Our results indicate that several tumour markers or factors might be involved in promoting propagation of the virus. In vivo experiments showed significant growth inhibition of T84 and HT-29 tumours in xenograft mice treated with either RCAd11pGFP or Ad11pwt, compared to untreated controls. Furthermore, the role of the anti-tumour effect of RCAd11pGFP was also confirmed in PC3 prostate tumours in BALB/c mice. In conclusion, the novel RCAd11pGFP vector was shown to have an anti-tumour effect in vitro and in vivo. This tumour-killing effect could be enhanced in highly tumorogenic cells through virus replication. Consequently, RCAd11p may lead to development of a more potent and useful vector for human cancer therapy.
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Carrigan, Christopher. "Structured to Fail? Explaining Regulatory Performance under Competing Mandates." Thesis, Harvard University, 2012. http://dissertations.umi.com/gsas.harvard:10213.

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Following each of three major disasters--the financial crisis, the Gulf oil spill, and the nuclear meltdown in Japan--policymakers responded by overhauling the associated regulatory infrastructure. In each case, the response was intended to sharpen the regulator's focus, predicated on the widely held view that asking an agency to satisfy both regulatory and non-regulatory roles induces organizational conflict and impedes performance. In this dissertation, I put this commonly accepted belief about agency structure to the test by analyzing the behavior of regulators also assigned significant, non-regulatory functions. Incorporating data on a broad set of U.S. federal agencies, I first establish that the conventional wisdom holds some truth: Regulators that combine purposes do not perform as well. Even so, through a mix of statistical analyses, formal modeling, and an in-depth study of the former U.S. offshore oil and gas regulator, the Minerals Management Service, I show that assigning regulatory and non-regulatory functions to one agency can, in some cases, still be better than dividing them between agencies. I demonstrate that while the goal ambiguity and conflict introduced by combining roles does impact behavior, overemphasizing this issue misses several important factors affecting regulators tasked with non-regulatory aims. These factors explain both how regulators operate when charged with achieving other goals and why these multiple-purpose mandates persist. First, although the goals may conflict, the underlying tasks supporting these divergent purposes may still require extensive coordination. Second, even within agencies, introducing features that encourage separation between the affected groups can allow regulators to manage ambiguity, but these efforts can simultaneously exacerbate difficulties in achieving synergies generated through Professor Daniel Paul Carpenter Christopher Michael Carrigan close contact. Third, even when the conditions for conflict are present, political and public preferences—and not just internal factors—can play important roles in shaping agency priorities. Fourth, broader social, industry, and environmental shifts can attenuate or accentuate the organizational tension that exists between managing goal ambiguity while encouraging underlying coordination. In sum, only by recognizing roles for a diverse set of forces—operations, organization, politics, and environment—can the existence, behavior, and performance of regulatory agencies that balance non-regulatory mandates be logically explained.
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O'Rourke, Elizabeth Ann. "On record - exploring social workers' attempts to reconcile competing agendas in the case record." Thesis, Oxford Brookes University, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.532051.

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Mooney, Ryan E. "Guiding “Big Science:” Competing Agency of Scientists and Funding Organizations in American Cold War Research." Youngstown State University / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ysu1444054145.

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Books on the topic "Competing agents"

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Mahon, Rianne. The OECD and the reconciliation agenda: Competing blueprints. Toronto, ON: Childcare Resource & Research Unit, University of Toronto, 2005.

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W, Wright J. Competing trade agendas in the Arab-Israeli peace process. Abu Dhabi: Emirates Center for Strategic Studies and Research, 1998.

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Lauren, Hoffman, and Murray Lynn E, eds. School leaders building capacity from within: Resolving competing agendas creatively. Thousand Oaks, Calif: Corwin Press, 2005.

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Waldfogel, Jane. What do we expect lone mothers to do?: Competing agendas for welfare reform in the United States. London: Suntory-Toyota International Centre for Economics and Related Disciplines, 1996.

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Office, General Accounting. Food aid: Competing goals and requirements hinder Title I program results : report to Congressional committees. Washington, D.C: The Office, 1995.

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Turnbull, Penelope Anne. Germany, Britain and the instutionalisation of justice and home affairs co-operation and the European Union: Competing visions and common agendas. Birmingham: University of Birmingham, 2000.

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Boyd, G. W. An assessment of the necessary interactions between the environment agency and other competent authorities in the determination and enforcement of I.P.C. authorisations at top-tier Cimah sites, using the oil refining industry sector as an example. Manchester: UMIST, 1996.

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McKenna, Michael. Power, Social Inequities, and the Conversational Theory of Moral Responsibility. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190609610.003.0002.

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According to the conversational theory, moral responsibility is essentially interpersonal and communicative. Indeed, it is not only communicative; it has a conversational dimension. On the conversational theory, an agent’s actions—those that are candidates for blameworthiness or praiseworthiness—are potential bearers of meaning, where meaning is a function of the quality of an agent’s will. This meaning is analogous to the meaning a competent speaker conveys when she engages in conversation. Call this “agent meaning.” Like speaker meaning, agent meaning can be affected by the interpretive framework whereby others interpret the meaning of an agent’s actions. One aspect of the conversational theory that remains unexplored is how asymmetrical power-dynamics, especially resulting from social inequities, shape the interpretive framework that in turn influences the context in which morally responsible agents act. This chapter explores this topic and thereby exposes an unpalatable side to the nature of our moral responsibility practices.
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Robillard, Michael. Fighting for One’s Self. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190495657.003.0006.

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This chapter explores a dilemma arising from interveners’ competing duties to respect authorization and to enforce necessity. Even in cases where an intervener could defend an agent more effectively and less harmfully, there is still good reason (within limits) for interveners to refrain from enforcing necessity and to allow or encourage agents to fight for themselves. Borrowing from the works of Statman and Frowe, the chapter argues that “defense of one’s honor” can serve as an independent moral reason justifying one’s use of defensive force, even in cases where necessity appears not to be met. It then considers what implications such analysis holds for interventions at the international level, arguing that political communities may gain extra moral permissions when fighting on behalf of an emergent impersonal good over and above the community’s individual members. Despite this claim, it does not commit one to collectivism.
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Öztürk, Mustafa Bilgehan, Ahu Tatli, and Mustafa Özbilgin. Global Diversity Management. Edited by Regine Bendl, Inge Bleijenbergh, Elina Henttonen, and Albert J. Mills. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199679805.013.12.

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Diversity management is an increasingly mature field defined by a wide array of conceptual approaches and competing discourses of diversity. This chapter briefly reviews the field of diversity to locate our discussion of a crucial problematic in global diversity management: implementing global diversity management standards locally. We take the UK as the local context for our analysis, and report findings from a study funded by the Equal Opportunities Commission on the use of equality and diversity tools. Our empirical evidence underscores the importance of localities and specific contexts, and emphasizes that equality and diversity tools can serve as an effective resource for local diversity officers of global firms to progress their agendas for organizational change locally. In the UK context effective diversity management crucially hinges on securing the buy-in of businesses and providing context-sensitive toolkits to local diversity management officers and organizational change agents to ensure equality and inclusion.
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Book chapters on the topic "Competing agents"

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Geldof, Sabine, and Walter Van de Velde. "Competing Software Agents Support Human Agents." In Collaboration between Human and Artificial Societies, 220–33. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/10703260_13.

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Ferraioli, Diodato, Laurent Gourvès, Stefano Moretti, Fanny Pascual, and Olivier Spanjaard. "Combinatorial Optimization with Competing Agents." In Paradigms of Combinatorial Optimization, 675–706. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119005353.ch21.

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Ezra, Tomer, Michal Feldman, and Ron Kupfer. "Prophet Inequality with Competing Agents." In Algorithmic Game Theory, 112–23. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-85947-3_8.

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Agnetis, Alessandro, Gaia Nicosia, Andrea Pacifici, and Ulrich Pferschy. "Two Agents Competing for a Shared Machine." In Algorithmic Decision Theory, 1–14. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-41575-3_1.

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Nicosia, Gaia, Andrea Pacifici, and Ulrich Pferschy. "Subset Weight Maximization with Two Competing Agents." In Algorithmic Decision Theory, 74–85. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-04428-1_7.

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Regnier-Coudert, Olivier, and John McCall. "Competing Mutating Agents for Bayesian Network Structure Learning." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 216–25. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-32937-1_22.

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Richmond, Paul. "Resolving Conflicts between Multiple Competing Agents in Parallel Simulations." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 383–94. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-14325-5_33.

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Ding, Guosheng, and Shijie Sun. "Single-Machine Scheduling Problems with Two Agents Competing for Makespan." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 244–55. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-15621-2_28.

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Kushal, Appilineni, V. Sasidevan, and Sitabhra Sinha. "Information Asymmetry and the Performance of Agents Competing for Limited Resources." In Econophysics and Sociophysics: Recent Progress and Future Directions, 113–23. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-47705-3_8.

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Blom, S., J. Shreshta, N. Storch, J. Sonksen, and H. Hillmer. "Technology for a Highly Sensitive Sensor System Based on Competing Modes in Semiconductor Lasers." In Nanoscience Advances in CBRN Agents Detection, Information and Energy Security, 409–14. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-9697-2_41.

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Conference papers on the topic "Competing agents"

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Yang, Yongjian, Yunqiang Yin, and Qian Shi. "Two competing agents with due date assignment scheduling under multitasking environment." In 2019 International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Systems Management (IESM). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iesm45758.2019.8948203.

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Juttner, Matthias, Sebastian Grabmaier, Desiree Vogeli, Wolfgang M. Rucker, and Peter Gohner. "Coupled multiphysics problems as market place for competing autonomous software agents." In 2016 IEEE Conference on Electromagnetic Field Computation (CEFC). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cefc.2016.7815942.

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Janen, Uwe, Jorg Hahner, and Christian Muller-Schloer. "PhD forum: Competing agents for distributed object-tracking in smart camera networks." In 2009 Third ACM/IEEE International Conference on Distributed Smart Cameras (ICDSC). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icdsc.2009.5289395.

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Li, Zhuoshu, Neal Gupta, Sanmay Das, and John P. Dickerson. "Equilibrium Behavior in Competing Dynamic Matching Markets." In Twenty-Seventh International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-18}. California: International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2018/54.

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Rival markets like rideshare services, universities, and organ exchanges compete to attract participants, seeking to maximize their own utility at potential cost to overall social welfare. Similarly, individual participants in such multi-market systems also seek to maximize their individual utility. If entry is costly, they should strategically enter only a subset of the available markets. All of this decision making---markets competitively adapting their matching strategies and participants arriving, choosing which market(s) to enter, and departing from the system---occurs dynamically over time. This paper provides the first analysis of equilibrium behavior in dynamic competing matching market systems---first from the points of view of individual participants when market policies are fixed, and then from the points of view of markets when agents are stochastic. When compared to single markets running social-welfare-maximizing matching policies, losses in overall social welfare in competitive systems manifest due to both market fragmentation and the use of non-optimal matching policies. We quantify such losses and provide policy recommendations to help alleviate them in fielded systems.
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Jing Fan. "Notice of Retraction: Integrated production and delivery scheduling problem with two competing agents." In 2010 IEEE International Conference on Advanced Management Science (ICAMS). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icams.2010.5552895.

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Divekar, Rahul R., Xiangyang Mou, Lisha Chen, Maíra Gatti de Bayser, Melina Alberio Guerra, and Hui Su. "Embodied Conversational AI Agents in a Multi-modal Multi-agent Competitive Dialogue." In Twenty-Eighth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-19}. California: International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2019/940.

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In a setting where two AI agents embodied as animated humanoid avatars are engaged in a conversation with one human and each other, we see two challenges. One, determination by the AI agents about which one of them is being addressed. Two, determination by the AI agents if they may/could/should speak at the end of a turn. In this work we bring these two challenges together and explore the participation of AI agents in multi-party conversations. Particularly, we show two embodied AI shopkeeper agents who sell similar items aiming to get the business of a user by competing with each other on the price. In this scenario, we solve the first challenge by using headpose (estimated by deep learning techniques) to determine who the user is talking to. For the second challenge we use deontic logic to model rules of a negotiation conversation.
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Wang, Z., S. Azarm, and P. K. Kannan. "Strategic Product Design Decisions for Uncertain Market Systems Using an Agent Based Approach." In ASME 2010 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2010-28778.

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Market players, such as competing manufacturing firms and retail channels, can significantly influence the demand and profit of a new product. Existing methods in design for market systems use game theoretic models that can maximize a focal manufacturing firm’s profit with respect to product design and price variables given the Nash equilibrium of the market system. However, in the design for uncertain market systems, there is seldom equilibrium with players having fixed strategies in a given time period. In this paper, we propose an agent based approach for design for market systems that accounts for learning behaviors of the market players under uncertainty. By learning behaviors we mean that market players gradually, over a time period, learn to play with better strategies based on action-reaction behaviors of other players. We model a market system with agents representing competing manufacturers and retailers who possess learning capabilities and are able to automatically react and make decisions on the product design and pricing. The proposed approach provides strategic design and pricing decisions for a focal manufacturer in response to anticipated reactions from market players in the short and long term horizons. Our example results show that the proposed agent based approach can produce competitive strategies for a focal firm over a time period when market players react only by setting prices compared to a game theoretic approach. Furthermore, it can yield profitable product design decisions and competitive strategies when competing firms react by changing design attributes in the short term — a case for which no previous method in design for market systems has been reported.
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Danassis, Panayiotis, Aris Filos-Ratsikas, and Boi Faltings. "Anytime Heuristic for Weighted Matching Through Altruism-Inspired Behavior." In Twenty-Eighth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-19}. California: International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2019/31.

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We present a novel anytime heuristic (ALMA), inspired by the human principle of altruism, for solving the assignment problem. ALMA is decentralized, completely uncoupled, and requires no communication between the participants. We prove an upper bound on the convergence speed that is polynomial in the desired number of resources and competing agents per resource; crucially, in the realistic case where the aforementioned quantities are bounded independently of the total number of agents/resources, the convergence time remains constant as the total problem size increases. We have evaluated ALMA under three test cases: (i) an anti-coordination scenario where agents with similar preferences compete over the same set of actions, (ii) a resource allocation scenario in an urban environment, under a constant-time constraint, and finally, (iii) an on-line matching scenario using real passenger-taxi data. In all of the cases, ALMA was able to reach high social welfare, while being orders of magnitude faster than the centralized, optimal algorithm. The latter allows our algorithm to scale to realistic scenarios with hundreds of thousands of agents, e.g., vehicle coordination in urban environments.
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Kerry, R., V. Findlay, J. Ambler, and B. J. Wallis. "EFFECT OF FIBRINOGEN RECEPTOR BLOCKERS ON HUMAN PLATELET AGGREGATION, ATP SECRETION AND THROMBOXANE B2 PRODUCTION." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1643524.

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The sequences of those parts of fibrinogen involved in the binding of fibrinogen to activated platelets are known and mimetics of these sequences, namely Fib(γ)402-411 and Fib(Aα)572-575 are selective fibrinogen receptor blockers. By competing with fibrinogen, these agents prevent the platelet: fibrinogen interaction and hence represent agents capable of selectively preventing platelet:platelet interaction (i.e. aggregation). In the experiments described here these peptides are used as tools to elucidate the interdependence of platelet aggregation, secretion and thromboxane (TxB2) production using a range of aggregating agentsBoth peptides gave quantitatively similar results but Fib(Aα)572-575 was ten times more potent than Fib(γ)402-411. The results are summarised in the table:Experimentally aggregation and secretion were measured simultaneously in a lumi-aggregometer. Thromboxane B2 was subsequently determined by RIA in the same samples. The concentration of Fib(γ)402-411 (ImM) and Fib (Aα)572-575 (100 μM) employed were those that gave half maximal inhibition of an aggregatory response.The results show that a) PAF induced thromboxane production and ATP secretion are dependent on platelet aggregation, b) collagen induced ATP secretion is dependent on platelet aggregation while thromboxane production is independent of aggregation and c) thrombin induced ATP secretion and thromboxane production can both occur independently of platelet aggregation.These observations throw further light on the interdependence of platelet responses and show fibrinogen receptor blockers to be true anti-aggregatory agents.
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Trevizan, Felipe, Sylvie Thiebaux, Pedro Santana, and Brian Williams. "I-dual: Solving Constrained SSPs via Heuristic Search in the Dual Space." In Twenty-Sixth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence. California: International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2017/701.

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We consider the problem of generating optimal stochastic policies for Constrained Stochastic Shortest Path problems, which are a natural model for planning under uncertainty for resource-bounded agents with multiple competing objectives. While unconstrained SSPs enjoy a multitude of efficient heuristic search solution methods with the ability to focus on promising areas reachable from the initial state, the state of the art for constrained SSPs revolves around linear and dynamic programming algorithms which explore the entire state space. In this paper, we present i-dual, the first heuristic search algorithm for constrained SSPs. To concisely represent constraints and efficiently decide their violation, i-dual operates in the space of dual variables describing the policy occupation measures. It does so while retaining the ability to use standard value function heuristics computed by well-known methods. Our experiments show that these features enable i-dual to achieve up to two orders of magnitude improvement in run-time and memory over linear programming algorithms.
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Reports on the topic "Competing agents"

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Katan, Jaacov, and Michael E. Stanghellini. Clinical (Major) and Subclinical (Minor) Root-Infecting Pathogens in Plant Growth Substrates, and Integrated Strategies for their Control. United States Department of Agriculture, October 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1993.7568089.bard.

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In intensive agriculture, harmful soilborne biotic agents, cause severe damage. These include both typical soilborne (clinical) major pathogens which destroy plants (e.g. Fusarium and Phytophthora pathogens), and subclinical ("minor") pathogens (e.g. Olpidium and Pythium). The latter cause growth retardation and yield decline. The objectives of this study were: (1) To study the behavior of clinical (major) and subclinical (minor) pathogens in plant growth substrate, with emphasis on zoosporic fungi, such as Pythium, Olipidium and Polymyxa. (2) To study the interaction between subclinical pathogens and plants, and those aspects of Pythium biology which are relevant to these systems. (3) To adopt a holistic-integrated approach for control that includes both eradicative and protective measures, based on a knowledge of the pathogens' biology. Zoospores were demonstrated as the primary, if not the sole propagule, responsible for pathogen spread in a recirculating hydroponic cultural system, as verified with P. aphanidermatum and Phytophthora capsici. P. aphanidermatum, in contrast to Phytophthora capsici, can also spread by hyphae from plant-to-plant. Synthetic surfactants, when added to the recirculating nutrient solutions provided 100% control of root rot of peppers by these fungi without any detrimental effects on plant growth or yield. A bacterium which produced a biosurfactant was proved as efficacious as synthetic surfactants in the control of zoosporic plant pathogens in the recirculating hydroponic cultural system. The biosurfactant was identified as a rhamnolipid. Olpidium and Polymyxa are widespread and were determined as subclinical pathogens since they cause growth retardation but no plant mortality. Pythium can induce both phenomena and is an occasional subclinical pathogen. Physiological and ultrastructural studies of the interaction between Olpidium and melon plants showed that this pathogen is not destructive but affects root hairs, respiration and plant nutrition. The infected roots constitute an amplified sink competing with the shoots and eventually leading to growth retardation. Space solarization, by solar heating of the greenhouse, is effective in the sanitation of the greenhouse from residual inoculum and should be used as a component in disease management, along with other strategies.
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Terzyan, Aram. Failed Europeanization? Belarus and Armenia Between Russia and the EU. Eurasia Institutes, November 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.47669/eea-1-2020.

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This paper explores the core challenges and opportunities of the Europeanization processes taking place in Belarus and Armenia. It argues that despite the constraining effects of “competing governance provider” Russia, the interests, perceptions, and preferences of the domestic elites are critical to the implementation of the EU policies in Belarus and Armenia. Thus, it offers a more dynamic structure- agency interplay approach to account for the dynamics of Europeanization in the EU-Russia contested neighbourhood. The article enquires into integration without membership dynamics between the EU and Eastern neighbours in the light of the Russian-dominated Eurasian integration.
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Munoz, Laura, Giulia Mascagni, Wilson Prichard, and Fabrizio Santoro. Should Governments Tax Digital Financial Services? A Research Agenda to Understand Sector-Specific Taxes on DFS. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), February 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/ictd.2022.002.

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Digital financial services (DFS) have rapidly expanded across Africa and other low-income countries. At the same time, low-income countries face strong pressures to increase domestic resource mobilisation, and major challenges in taxing the digital economy. A growing number are therefore advancing or considering new taxes on DFS. These have generated much debate and there are significant disagreements over the rationale for the taxes and their likely impacts. This paper examines three key questions that could help governments and other stakeholders to better understand the rationale for, and impacts of, different decisions around taxing DFS – and to arrive at policies that best meet competing needs. First, what is the rationale for imposing specific taxes on money transfers or mobile money in particular? Second, and most importantly, what is the likely impact of DFS taxes? Third, how do the policy processes through which taxes on DFS and money transfers are introduced function in practice? The paper looks at the core principles of good taxation and presents the existing debate around whether taxes on DFS observe them. It explains why understanding the landscape of financial services is essential to designing suitable tax policies and lays out a framework for developing the necessary analysis of the impacts of taxes on DFS. It also highlights the importance of better understanding the processes that give rise to these taxes.
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Salas, Humberto. Medición de la confianza empresarial: un enfoque regional desde la Araucanía. Universidad Autónoma de Chile, July 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.32457/2050012728/975520193.

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Toloza et al. (2018) describen una dificultad contingente al indicar que en nuestro país no se cuenta con “información robusta” a nivel regional y sectorial para el uso de los distintos agentes económicos. El autor resalta la insuficiente información para la toma de decisiones a nivel territorial y señala que esta es una limitante y un desafío país, por lo que es necesaria la “creación de sistemas regionales integrados de información territorial” (p. 194) para estos fines. El problema anterior, sumado al dilema de comprender el mecanismo bajo el cual estos agentes (empresas, familias y gobierno) forman sus expectativas, representa uno de los desafíos más importantes de la macroeconomía moderna, fundamentalmente en lo que refiere a los ciclos de negocios. Esto, dado que la gran dificultad para estudiar este fenómeno con mayor nivel de desagregación se centra en la disponibilidad de información (Borraz y Gianelli, 2011). Considerando el carácter social que tiene la economía, su comportamiento se ve influenciado por las percepciones de los agentes económicos, respecto de los escenarios futuros. Estas percepciones guardan relación con la coyuntura económica, la política, el resto del mundo y el marco jurídico en un país, entre otros elementos. Es en este contexto en que los gobiernos y el sector privado deben alcanzar un consenso sobre políticas económicas y sociales que produzcan un entorno estable para las regiones (Después de la crisis, 2010). La experiencia internacional indica que una consolidación y un buen manejo de la política fiscal influye fuertemente en el corto plazo en el “sentimiento empresarial” (Michail, et al., 2018). Esta tesis la refuerzan Bachmann y Sims (2012), quienes plantean que una política económica orientada a la consolidación tiene un impacto potente en la economía, a través del canal de confianza empresarial, con efectos que no deben ser subestimados. Considerando que en la Araucanía este componente es importante, la política fiscal juega entonces un papel relevante en las expectativas del empresariado. Es así como en la región, las empresas, gremios, consumidores, comerciantes, agricultores e inversionistas poseen visiones relativas de lo que podría acontecer, considerando su experiencia y apreciaciones, que son muchas veces subjetivas. Se formulan así, período a período, supuestos sobre acontecimientos que buscan explicar escenarios futuros; a este proceso mental colectivo lo llamamos expectativas. No cabe duda de que estas determinan el comportamiento futuro del consumo, del ahorro y la inversión, e incluso de la orientación de la política pública, al impactar directamente en la actividad económica y, más importante, en la generación de empleo e ingresos de la fuerza de trabajo. En consecuencia la situación en la Araucanía no es difiere del problema de cómo los agentes económicos se forman expectativas y cómo logran interactuar con la estructura institucional de la economía, habiendo históricamente interés de los investigadores por incursionar en estas temáticas (Rosser, 2001). La utilización de indicadores que reflejan las expectativas de agentes económicos levantados por medio de encuestas es desarrollada en muchos países que cuentan con un sistema de estadísticas avanzado. Lanzilotta (2014) establece que los indicadores de este tipo son ampliamente utilizados en investigación aplicada, con el fin de capturar y anticipar los movimientos de numerosas variables, para así dar cuenta de la formación de expectativas y los planes de las empresas. El autor plantea que los indicadores de expectativas elaborados a partir tanto de encuestas a empresarios como a consumidores son ampliamente divulgados, principalmente con dos objetivos: explorar los mecanismos de formación de expectativas e identificar su poder predictivo. Es válido, entonces, examinar la forma en que las expectativas locales tienen efectos concretos para la comunidad y los mecanismos en que estas perspectivas afectan realmente el desempeño económico de un territorio. Es en este contexto que según lo expuesto por Salas (2018), la Facultad de Administración y Negocios de la Universidad Autónoma de Chile —con metodología de la Universidad del Desarrollo y el apoyo de la Multigremial de la Araucanía, representante de SOFOFA en la zona— ha aunado esfuerzos para medir la confianza empresarial en la región, desde junio de 2017, creando así el primer Índice de Confianza Empresarial de la Araucanía (ICE Araucanía). Esta iniciativa es relevante, considerando la escasa información para la toma de decisiones del empresariado local en la zona y que la disposición de esta permite a los distintos sectores competir en entornos cambiantes. Así se busca contribuir y hacernos cargo en parte de un problema general que dejó la última crisis económica mundial. Esta manifestó la debilidad de América Latina y de las regiones para competir en una economía global y compleja, debido a la poca información disponible para la toma de decisiones empresariales (Después de la crisis, 2010).
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Kim, Hyeyoung, Jihyun Lee, and Gerardo Reyes-Tagle. Standardized PPP Contract in Korea and its Implications for Latin America and the Caribbean. Inter-American Development Bank, November 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003708.

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The standardization of PPP contracts in Korea has played a key role in establishing PPP institutional frameworks in the civil law system in which there must be legal and institutional safeguards for the long-term PPP contracts. The reliability of standardized contracts is secured due to the fact that the standardized PPP contract has been prepared by the statutory PPP agency under the approval of the Ministry of Economy and Finance, an influential ministry within the government. The standardization of PPP contracts has been of great utility for both the competent authorities and private partners. The standardized contract has streamlined negotiations. The private partner was able to trust in the major risk allocation declared through the standardized contract in handling land acquisition, construction completion, operation and demand, and termination. We found out through our survey that there are similarities between Korea and LAC countries in that most LAC countries have adopted the civil law system and the countries have developed similar payment types for PPP and risk allocation principles. The experience and lessons on standardized PPP contract in Korea can be of great utility to LAC countries.
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