Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Compétences cognitives et compétences conatives'
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Chavoshi, Monfared Leila. "L’impact des dispositifs de formation sur le fonctionnement des personnes âgées : Évaluation de l’efficacité d’apprentissage de types formels et non formels sur les compétences cognitives et conatives des personnes âgées saines." Thesis, Mulhouse, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017MULH8232.
Full textThis research consists of estimating, among the various types of learnings, the one which seems the most adapted to elderly and determining the factors which influence their learning. Two questions guide this research: the evaluation and the analysis of the training devices. The first deals with finding among these formal and non-formal types of learning devices the ones which are the most effective in terms of increasing the cognitive and conative competencies of these people. In our opinion, the most effective devices for the elderly adults are the ones who allow the highest social link and interpersonal exchanges. The latter consists of understanding if the formal and non formal modes of learning include the same types of learners. We emphasize the characterization of the public, the definition of their needs for learning and the characterization of the learning situations. The formal learning of type is observed through memory training workshop and the non formal type through discussion training workshop. 45 elderly people from 62 to 87 years of age participated in this study. The evaluation of the specific cognitive skills consists of cognitive testing and scales: the measuring of the working and short-term memory (verbal memory tests), the selective attention and the reasoning capacities. The conative skills are estimated through self-efficacy, motivation, apprenance, life satisfaction and well-being. To do it, we chose a mixed method, a combination of the qualitative and quantitative method in which five techniques of data collection will be studied: the interview, the tasks, the scales and the observation. At the end of the training, a questionnaire of satisfaction was done. The results of this study show that a certain decline is observed on the level of the motivation and the life satisfaction of the participants of the “discussion group”. Thus, the non formal type of learning does not allow to increase the conative performances of the participants. But, the training workshops based on the principle of non formal learning type are more favorable in social exchanges than memory training workshops because they allow people to have a better social integration. The “memory group” maintains its level of cognitive and conative performances during six months of trainings, what can confirm the benefits of the cognitive trainings by means of the memory workshops functioning on the principle of the formal learning type. Concerning the participants of the “control group”, functioning on the basis of the informal learning type, we observe an increase of self-efficacy and memory
Mayer-Crittenden, Chantal E. "Compétences linguistiques et cognitives des enfants bilingues en situation linguistique minoritaire." Thesis, Laurentian University of Sudbury, 2013. https://zone.biblio.laurentian.ca/dspace/handle/10219/2015.
Full textManin, Serge. "Psychopathologie et intégration scolaire : de l’évaluation des compétences cognitives à l’accompagnement thérapeutique." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009LYO20011/document.
Full textChild psychiatry is at present crossed by an important debate: whereas its project has generally been to support the work of subjectivation of the children entrusted in its care, today its approach is challenged by the return of classical medical models which experience a renewal of interest thanks to the research carried out into neuroscience and cognitive psychology. Inside this debate, the discussion essentially revolves around the conceptions that lie under the interpretation of the disorders, from a controversy that brings again into play the opposition psychogenesis / organogenesis, curability / incurability of the mental disorders in the children’s. Our approach falls within the scope of a system which is in charge of the support and care of children who are benefiting from integration into specialised classes of state education schools. These children show important personality and behavioural problems which are part of “psychotic disharmonies” or “evolution disharmonies” combined with backwardness. In this work, it is expected that the intellectual development retardation corresponds to apparently deficient pictures which are the products of cognitive constraints exercised by the psychopathological processes at work in these nosographic contexts. Bringing to the fore preserved cognitive abilities among these children, who in other respects show deficient profiles, would enable to specify the disharmonic component of the development disorders and shed new light on the nature of these disorders. Moreover observing cognitive profiles, more or less specific to each nosographic entity concerned, could reveal the links of continuity between the cognitive processes and psychic processes, and bring to light cognitive constraints which are characteristic of the underlying psychopathological processes. This approach would enables to back up our reflections upon the care project thanks to a thorough knowledge of the links between psychic processes and cognitive processes
Semah-Saada, Corinne. "Tutorat, TICE et développement des compétences cognitives chez des enfants porteurs de handicap." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012AIXM3035.
Full textThe thesis is based on a socio-constructivist approach of the functioning and the development of the cognitive system. Two main aims are pursued: 1) to explain the effects of an asymmetric situation in which an expert must help a novice in performing a task with the computer as a work too l; 2) to show the beneficial role of cognitive-linguistic exchanges on the acquisition of new knowledge and new cognitive skills among tutees. Our main hypothesis is that the activities of supervision and guidance in solving a task using the computer as a work tool promote both the development of skills in practical computer and academic school knowledge. Three experimental devices have been organised. In each experiment, asymmetrical dyads were placed in a situational context of tutoring: an expert (pupil attending a regular classroom) should help a novice in performing a task with a computer, without solving the task himself. Tutored novices are children with learning difficulties in school, followed by RASED, attending a CLIS and/or carrying handicap(s). In all three experiments the results highlight of progress among novices, validating our assumptions. One can deduce that the activity of supervision and guidance have helped the novices, through the transmission of knowledge, the acquisition of new skills and so the (re) organisation of their cognitive system. Our explanatory hypothesis is that it is the cognitive-linguistic exchanges tutor-tutee that allowed both partners to build intersubjectivity through semiotic mediation achieved during the time of working together
Corneloup, Valentin. "Apprentissage et évaluation des compétences de conduite de haut niveau en réalité virtuelle : utilisation des simulateurs de conduite pour mesurer et développer les compétences perceptives et cognitives des conducteurs novices." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019USPCB042.
Full textThe main objective of this work is to gather knowledge about how higher order driving skills are acquired during first times of autonomous driving, as well as of how virtual reality and simulation tools can be used for assessment and learning of those skills fornovice drivers. Access to driving is an important step toward emancipation for young adults. However, young drivers are 3 to 4 times more likely to die in a car accident compared to older drivers (McCartt, Shabanova, & Leaf, 2003). This higher risk decreases rapidly during the first 6 to 8 months, or thousand of miles of autonomous driving (Gregersen et al., 2000; McCartt et al., 2003). During those first times, novice drivers would acquire safety and efficiency crucial higher order driving skills (Hatakka et al., 2002). Higher Order Driving skills include perceptive and cognitive skills that are necessary for assessment of (perception, comprehension, projection) and decision making in, normal and/or risky driving situations (Deery, 1999). Those skills are by far the most involved in novice drivers' higher risk (Braitman et al., 2008). Plus, they are quite overlooked during driver training (Assailly, 2013, 2016). Three studies have been conducted for our objective. A first paradigme uses semi-directed interviews with novice drivers (study 1) to show that perceptive and cognitive skills are acquired through a "learning by doing" process during the first moments of autonomous driving. Characteristics of involved situations include dynamic, complex and somewhat unexpected events. A second paradigm including a full-scale simulator and oculometry (study 2), uses this kind of situations to assess drivers perceptive and cognitive skills. Results show the importance of context in skills measurements. Indeed, different types of situations involve different types of perceptive and cognitive skills. Results also identify novel indicators of skills acquisition that permits precise measurements of decision-making driving skills. A last paradigm uses a medium-fidelity simulator to compare two learning protocols of perceptive and cognitive skills. Results show that simple, immediate retroactions, using textual explanations of learning situations, are effective for skills improvement. Based on these results, recommendations will be produced to improve driving simulator's efficiency for training. On a theoretical standpoint, this work first increases knowledge about learning mechanisms of higher order driving skills. Second, this work also suggests several updates of perceptive and cognitive skills models
Bergère, Amandine. "Langues en contact : compétences cognitives et contraintes scripturales : la formation linguistique des résidents chinois à Paris." Paris 5, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA05H086.
Full textThis dissertation identifies which criteria, among adult Chinese residents of Paris, are determinant in their choice of language learning structures. In the first instance, we show how this public will seldom turn to learning structures specialized in the field of French as a Foreign Language or adult literacy. Then, we demonstrate how, although literate in Chinese, these learners will favor structures that offer an initiation into the alphabetic principle. Finally, we explore the process through which the alphabetic principle is assimilated in learning a foreign language: process envisaged in terms of the development of a writing intersystem. In turn, the evolution of such a process will depend essentially on the command of cognitive skills necessary for the manipulation of infrasyllabalic phonological units. In conclusion, we note that the teaching curricula offered by those structures as favored by adult Chinese students will help them develop their writing intersystem rapidly
Frenkel, Stéphanie. "Évaluation des compétences cognitives, langagières et mnésiques des personnes trisomiques 21 : pour une conception intégrative du retard mental." Amiens, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004AMIE0012.
Full textLying within the scope of the integrative theories of mental retardation, this research studies the processes of memorizing used by people with Down's syndrome and more particularly, the strategy of active rehearsal. From this point of view, we undertook three research studies aiming at evaluating the impact of the modifications of the environment on the use of this strategy (in particular by means of a training program). The first two studies relate to adults and the last one, on children and teenagers. Moreover, the effect of linguistic competences in the use of this mnemonic strategy is examined. Furthermore, the study of this population raises many questions relating to the constitution of homogeneous groups and the evaluation of their developmental level (cognitive and linguistic), as well as the development of the various short-term memories. This work also presents our proposals for a solution to these three points
You, Min. "Compétences cognitives et émotionnelles en vue d'une réussite académique chez les étudiants chinois et français de niveau licence en France." Thesis, Normandie, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019NORMC003/document.
Full textIn this thesis, the objective is to understand the relationships between academic success (academic performance) and subjective perceived stress on the one hand, and the influence of individual differences (emotional intelligence, personality traits and chrono-type) on academic success on the other hand, as well as the interactions between these individual differences and subjective perceived stress. 1) Preliminary study is conducted to clarify the relationship between emotional intelligence and coping strategy among Chinese students expatriated in France; 2) our first study aims to understand the different elements related to the expatriation of Chinese students in France: the causes and criteria of subjective expatriation success, the different sources of stress they encountered as well as their strategies to cope during their expatriation are interviewed; 3) With the elements emerging from our first study, we were able to construct a questionnaire on subjective expatriation success for Chinese students in France. The initial idea is to validate this questionnaire by comparing individual differences (emotional intelligence, cultural intelligence, and chrono-type) with other parameters. Unfortunately, the completion of all these questionnaires took a long time, which explains why few participants completed them, which does not allow us to validate this questionnaire of expatriation success. 4) Finally, we try to understand the relationship between academic success and individual differences among the general population, i.e. French students
Vallejo, Garcia José Luis. "Intercultural competence as a conductive factor of managers' readiness for organizational change." Phd thesis, Université de Strasbourg, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00836472.
Full textLecocq, Aurélie. "Génèse et évolution des compétences des élèves à la fin de l'école maternelle : éléments d'analyse à partir de données de panel et d'une expérimentation musicale." Phd thesis, Université de Bourgogne, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00994721.
Full textBergonnier-Dupuy, Geneviève. "Stratégie éducative parentale et développement cognitif du jeune enfant : incidence de la stratégie éducative parentale et des différents modes d'interaction de tutelle sur les compétences cognitives de l'enfant de trois ans." Toulouse 2, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995TOU20082.
Full textFor a long time, numerous researches have set out to analyse the main characteristics of the social and more precisely family environment. Each one of these adopt part of the analysis of representations and family educational practices. Some of them set out to study their impact on the cognitive development of the child. Our research is set in the tradition of these works and introduces an interactive point of view based on the theoretical perspectives of Vygotsky and Bruner. Through a comparative method, we have tried to adopt and approach taking into account part of the diversity and dynamic of the human environment of the child. Our hypothesis postules that the educational strategy of the parental couple influences the cognitive development of the three years old child, in particular through mother-child and father-child interaction. To do this, a questionnaire and a semi-directive interview (sent to the parental couple) were used to determine the characteristics of the educational strategies in the three family groups ("organisational", "stimulating" and "unpredictable" families). The observation of a mother-child and father-child tutoring interaction enables us to get a detailed analysis of interaction modes within the different dyads. Finally, the cognitive skills of the child were measured during the McCarthy test. Significant differences have appeared between the three groups regarding the resolution modes displayed during the game (parental stimulation, parental help, setting up and success in resolution modes) as well as in the marks obtained scales of the test (verbal, intellectual general and memory scales). The children who solve the problem in the best way belong to "organisational" family; moreover, they get high marks at the test. Children from "stimulating" family also managed to solve the problem but to a lesser extent. It is not the case for children from "unpredictable" family. This results underline the complex combination of interactions between factors which can have an influence on the child's development. The educational strategy which favours a scaffolding of the child's activity but also a functioning autonomy adapted to the child's age and abilities proves to be the most effective
Rousier-Vercruyssen, Lucie. "Prosodie, Syntaxe, et Référence : processus cognitifs et marqueurs linguistiques." Thesis, Paris 10, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA100055.
Full textReferring to people, objects and events is a cental piece of the Speech. This dissertation studies the variation in the use of referential markers, by combining syntactic and prosodic cues, produced during a storytelling task sequential pictures. The goal is to determine the effect of situational parameters on the production of the syntactic and prosodic markers. Two other goals are also pursued: (i) to highlight the underlying (socio)cognitive abilities and (ii) to study the impact of aging. To meet these objectives, a storytelling task with sequential pictures was used to obtain the production of referential markers. 30 younger (age span:19-39) and 30 older participants (age span : 59-79) undertook this storytelling task. All the participants were submitted to (socio)cognitive tests to characterize their profiles. Our results show that referential marking is a complex process influenced by multiple situational factors. Indeed, the syntactic and prosodic markers vary according to discourse stages and the referential context. Depending on the cognitive accessibility of the referent - in particular the lesser cognitive accessibility, referential marking requires (socio)cognitive abilities. The results also indicate effects of aging on referential marking : the use of referential markers is different in seniors and in younger participants. Given the importance of referential marking during conversations, our results may have some clinical implications
Romain, Amélie. "Prise de décision en situation risquée ou ambiguë chez les primates : quels sont les mécanismes cognitifs, biais de jugement et calculs économiques impliqués ? : Étude comparative chez les singes, les grands singes et l’Homme." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015STRAJ014/document.
Full textAnimals, like people, have to deal with imperfect knowledge of potential out comes when making everyday life decisions. Many studies focus on mechanisms of decision making, yet their evolutionary origin remains unknown. To better understand the universality and the origin of the mechanisms of decision making in primates, this work combines an onto genetic approach (children - adults) and phylogenetic (monkeys - apes) associated with ethology and experimental economics. The experimental method - a gambling game - has been applied in a similar way to all species, and the results have been analyzed using classical economic models. Under risk, monkeys and apes have incorporated the probabilities of gains and losses in their decision,whereas children under 5 years old were unable. However, all groups studied expressed errors of judgment, therefore confirming an ancient evolutionary origin. Under ambiguity, non-human primates have managed to adapt their strategies to maximize their overall benefits
Hilger, Anne. "Cognitive and non-cognitive skills in developing countries." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PSLEH077.
Full textThis dissertation examines the role that cognitive and non-cognitive skills play in developing countries along three axes: measurement of these skills, wage returns to them, and as determinants of levels of trust. The first chapter uses panel data from two cohorts of a skills training program in Mozambique to contrast two types of skill measurement: self-assessments and observational exercises. The chapter shows that self-assessments capture underlying traits, while observational exercises are better suited for program evaluations. The second chapter is based on a novel matched employer-employee data set representing the formal sector in Bangladesh and provides evidence of both the relative importance of cognitive and non-cognitive skills in this part of the labor market and the interplay between skills and hiring channels in determining wages. Results demonstrate positive returns to non-cognitive skills, varying by hiring channel. This chapter also offers suggestive evidence that employers might use hiring channels differently, depending on which skills they deem important. The third chapter makes use of the demonetization policy of November 2016 in India and a newly collected data set to causally identify the determinants of trust in a rural setting, controlling for a variety of individual characteristics, such as non-cognitive skills and cognitive ability, that could influence network formation and trust. We find that social interactions determine trust, though this result holds only among men and varies along the lines of caste membership
Legrain, Laure. "Approche développementale de la théorie de l'esprit, de la conscience de soi et de leurs relations." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209988.
Full textDoctorat en Sciences Psychologiques et de l'éducation
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Vaillancourt, Marie-Ève. "Biais d'évaluation de compétence scolaire, distorsions cognitives et adaptation des jeunes." Thèse, 2013. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/5804/1/D2555.pdf.
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