Dissertations / Theses: 'Compatibility effects'

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Grajek, Michał. "Network effects, compatibility, and adoption of standards." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Wirtschaftswissenschaftliche Fakultät, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/15205.

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Diese Dissertation stellt ein strukturelles ökonometrisches Modell der Nachfrage mit direkten Netzwerkeffekten vor. Der strukturelle Ansatz ermöglicht es, den Umfang von Netzwerkeffekten and Netwerkkompatibilität zu identifizieren. Nach unserem Wissen ist es das erste Modell, das diese Identifikation im Falle von direkten Netzwerkeffekten ermöglicht. Gleichzeitig ist es der erste Versuch, den Umfang von Netzwerkkompatibilität mit ökonometrischen Methoden zu bestimmen. Das Modell wird dann angewandt, um die Nachfrage von Mobilfunkdienstleistungen, als auch den Zusammenhang zwischen ISO 9000 Normierung und internationalem Handel zu untersuchen. Die Schätzungsergebnisse führen zu interessanten wirtschaftspolitischen Folgerungen.
This thesis introduces a structural econometric model of demand exhibiting direct network effects. The structural approach we follow allows us to identify the extent of network effects and compatibility between competing networks. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first model that facilitates the identification in the case of direct network effects. At the same time, it is the first attempt to assess the degree of compatibility in an econometric framework. The model is then applied to investigate demand for mobile telecommunications service and the link between adoptions of ISO 9000 standard and international trade. The estimation results allow us to formulate some interesting policy conclusions.

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Grajek, Michał. "Network effects, compatibility, and adoption of standards essays in empirical industrial economics /." [S.l. : s.n.], 2004. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=974166731.

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Lin, Song Marketing Australian School of Business UNSW. "Driving preferences for co-branded products: effects of extendibility, compatibility and uncertainty." Awarded By:University of New South Wales. Marketing, 2010. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/44735.

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Firms frequently use brand extension strategies to enter new product categories. Another type of entry strategy is co-branding by effectively exploiting the equity of both constituent brands. Co-branding may effectively drive consumer preferences if consumers believe the combination of two brands offers a better solution than either one separately. However, there is also the risk that consumers may get confused with the combination, or have perceptions of strengths regarding one of the brands diluted, leading to the failure of this strategy. While much has been written on brand-category extension, despite its prevalence, the use of co-brands to enter a new category has attracted relatively little attention. In this study, the author models the effects on consumer perceptions and preferences of combining two brand names for a new product. The proposed model provides a mechanism to represent how consumers prior attribute beliefs about constituent brands, the extendibility of the brands into the extension category, the compatibility between the constituent brands, and the uncertainty associated with them can jointly determine their preferences for the co-branded product. The contribution that this model enables is a means to study co-branding and new category entry simultaneously, by assessing the drivers of consumer preference for a co-brand in a new product category. An empirical study is designed to test the model, using real brands and hypothetical extensions and co-brands. Theoretical contributions and managerial implications of this study are discussed.

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Wilson, Leslie Ellen. "The effects of trainee choice and training method compatibility on motivation to learn." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/28834.

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Varshney, Nicole Memorice. "The effects of prior knowledge on concept learning : an issue of function compatibility." Thesis, McGill University, 1996. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=24044.

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This study examines how prior knowledge influences future learning. Although it has been established that prior knowledge does have a strong impact on later learning, it is not clear how this effect manifests itself. Previous research suggests that one way to examine the effects of knowledge on learning is to compare subtasking, that is, dividing a task into subsets, to unstructured learning, or learning "all-at-once". Neural network simulations using the cascade-correlation learning algorithm predict that subtasking facilitates learning when it involves learning a function that is compatible (i.e., logically consistent) with the rest of the task, and hinders learning when it involves learning a function that is incompatible with the rest of the task (Tetewsky, Shultz, & Takane, 1995). Two experiments were conducted to test these predictions using a concept learning task, measuring the number of trials required for participants to correctly classify 16 stimuli, consisting of key images defined by four binary dimensions, into two groups based on a relationship between the stimulus dimensions that was either simple or complex. The results indicated that the simple subtasking condition provides a good example of the effects of function compatibility, in that depending on what regularity participants extract in the first subset, learning of the rest of the task is facilitated or hindered as compared to all-at-once learning. The complex condition shows that some participants extracted a function in the first subset that was compatible with the rest of the task, thus facilitating learning as compared to all-at-once learning. However, for other participants, the knowledge acquired in subtasking is inaccessible in later learning. These findings provide evidence for the psychological validity of the simulations. Implications to part-whole transfer and applications in concept learning research are discussed.

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Dickenson, Adrian C. "Repetition and interference effects in spatial stimulus - response compatibility : automatic and strategic factors." Thesis, Birkbeck (University of London), 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.314357.

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Oh, Chang-Geun. "The Effects of Proximity Compatibility and Graphics on Spatio-Temporal SituationAwareness for Navigation." Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1453218915.

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Nieman, Dylan Andersen Richard A. "Postdiction and the effects of spatial, temporal, and feature compatibility on sensory integration /." Diss., Pasadena, Calif. : California Institute of Technology, 2007. http://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechETD:etd-01092007-152909.

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Fintor, Edina [Verfasser], Iring [Akademischer Betreuer] Koch, and Andrea [Akademischer Betreuer] Kiesel. "New insights into modality-compatibility effects in task switching / Edina Fintor ; Iring Koch, Andrea Kiesel." Aachen : Universitätsbibliothek der RWTH Aachen, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1210929058/34.

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Fintor, Edina Verfasser], Iring [Akademischer Betreuer] [Koch, and Andrea [Akademischer Betreuer] Kiesel. "New insights into modality-compatibility effects in task switching / Edina Fintor ; Iring Koch, Andrea Kiesel." Aachen : Universitätsbibliothek der RWTH Aachen, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1210929058/34.

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Blais, Chris. "A Stimulus-Response Account of Stroop and Reverse Stroop Effects." Thesis, University of Waterloo, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10012/2810.

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This thesis concerns selective attention in the context of the Stroop task (identify the colour) and Reverse Stroop task (identify the word). When a person is asked to select and identify one dimension of a bidimensional stimulus (e. g. , the word RED printed in green) the typical finding is that the word influences colour identification (i. e. , the Stroop effect) but the colour does not influence word identification (i. e. , no Reverse Stroop effect). A major account of performance in these tasks posits that one dimension interferes with the other only when a translation occurs (e. g. , Roelofs, Psychological Review, 2003; Sugg & McDonald, Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception & Performance, 1994; Virzi & Egeth, Memory & Cognition, 1985). This translation assumption is implicit in virtually all work in the field. The first part of this thesis completely undermines the translation assumption. In a series of four experiments (two unique paradigms), I demonstrate that interference from the colour in a Reverse Stroop task occurs in the absence of a translation. The second part of this thesis contains two additional experiments designed to discriminate between translation effects and response conflict effects. The results of these experiments confirm that a translation was not required because no stimulus conflict effect, the most likely locus of a translation effect, was observed. However, response conflict effects were observed. The third part of this thesis implements a computational model based on the principle that the strength of association (Cohen, Dunbar, & McClelland, Psychological Review, 1990) between a specific stimulus and its response (Logan, Psychological Review, 1988) is important in determining the influence of the irrelevant dimension. This model has no translation mechanism. A final experiment was conducted to test this model; the model accounted for over 98% of the variance in RTs and 92% of the variance in interference and facilitation scores in both the Stroop and Reverse Stroop tasks independent of whether a translation was required.

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Ho, Jeannette Yin Chun. "The effects of surface-modifying macromolecules on the blood compatibility of polyethersulfone membranes intended for biomedical applications." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/MQ29378.pdf.

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Zagorski, Scott Bradley. "Compatibility of ABS disc/drum brakes on class VIII vehicles with multiple trailers and their effects on jackknife stability." The Ohio State University, 2004. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1069788894.

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Zagorski, Scott Bradley. "Compatibility of ABS disc/drum brakes on class VIII vehicles with multiple trailers and their effects on jackknife stability /." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2003. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1069788894.

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PREVITALI, PAOLA. "Beyond numbers: the origin of spatial associations of ordinal information." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10281/28332.

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The great interest on the origin of space-number associations has motivated recent investigation on spatial compatibility effects (e.g., the SNARC effect) induced by over-learned non-numerical sequences (e.g., letters, months). The work included in the present thesis aims to contribute to our understanding of the determinants of the spatial mapping of ordinal information, including both numbers and other general series. Firstly, the increasing evidence of the link between finger counting and number processing has been considered, in particular the specific role of handedness on this interaction and the influence of finger counting direction on number mapping in the representational space. Results showed that handedness fully predicts finger counting direction and that the directional asymmetries of finger counting are not relevant for shaping the mental representation of numbers. Secondly, the peculiarity of numbers evoking a spatially organized mental representation has been argued, showing that the oriented spatial representation is the privileged way of mentally organizing serial information, even newly acquired arbitrary sequences. Finally, a potential explanation for ordinal spatial associations has been evaluated, analyzing the role of working memory in determining the spatial compatibility effects of serial information observed with numerical and non-numerical sequences as stimuli.

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Montaño, Raul. "The Effects of Lightning on Low Voltage Power Networks." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala University, Division for Electricity and Lightning Research, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-6236.

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The present society is highly dependant on complex electronics systems, which have a low damage threshold level. Therefore, there is a high risk of partial or total loss of the system’s electronics when they are exposed to a thunderstorm environment. This calls for a deep understanding on the mechanism related to the interaction of lightning generated electromagnetic fields with various large distributed/scattered systems. To accurately represent the interaction of lightning electromagnetic fields with electrical networks, it is necessary to have return stroke models capable to reproduce the electromagnetic field signatures generated by a lightning flash. Several models have been developed in the recent past to study the field-to-wire coupling mechanism. The most popular, simple and accurate among the available models is the Agrawal et al. model. On the other hand, ATP-EMTP is a well-known transient simulation package widely used by power engineers. This package has various built-in line models like Semlyen, Marti and Noda setups. There is a difficulty in applying the Agrawal et al. model with the built-in line models of ATP-EMTP, as the voltage source due to the horizontal component of electric field in Agrawal et al. model is in series with the line impedance and not in between two transmission line segments. Furthermore, when the electromagnetic field is propagating over a finite conducting ground plane, the soil will selectively attenuate the high frequency content of the electromagnetic field; causing a change in the field wave shape. A finite conducting ground will also produce a horizontal field component at the ground level. Several approximations are available in the literature to obtain the horizontal electric field; namely the wave-tilt and the Cooray-Rubinstein approximation. Consequently, it is important to investigate the change on the induced voltage signature when the power line is located over a finitely conducting ground. Additionally, to provide protection from lightning induced transients it is necessary to use Surge Protective Devices (SPDs) capable of diverting the incoming transients and provide protection level necessary to avoid damage in the equipment. However, standard test procedures of the SPDs do not take into account sub-microsecond structure of the transients. Therefore, to provide the required protection level to sensitive equipments connected to the low voltage power network, it is essential to understand the response of SPDs subjected to high current derivative impulses. This thesis is aimed to investigate the research problems as addressed above. Special attention will be given to a new proposed return stroke model, a simple circuit approach for efficient implementation of Agrawal et al. model using ATP-EMTP, the effect of the soil conductivity on the lightning induced overvoltage signatures and the response of surge protective devices subjected to high current derivative impulses.

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Sartori, Carlos Antonio França. "Aspectos de compatibilidade eletromagnética em estruturas atingidas por descargas atmosféricas." Universidade de São Paulo, 1999. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/3/3143/tde-30032001-153420/.

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O objetivo deste trabalho é apresentar uma metodologia de cálculo da distribuição de correntes e dos campos eletromagnéticos e tensões induzidas associadas em estruturas atingidas diretamente por descargas atmosféricas que, agregada à filosofia geral de compatibilidade eletromagnética (CEM), constitua uma abordagem inovadora e abrangente quando comparada às recomendações de proteção contra descargas atmosféricas atuais. Propõe-se, portanto, desenvolver uma metodologia que: · Constitua uma ferramenta de auxílio nas tomadas de decisões, aplicável desde a etapa de definição da arquitetura da estrutura e do leiaute dos equipamentos até a definição final da configuração do sistema de proteção contra descargas atmosféricas (S.P.C.D.A); · Possibilite a implementação de uma filosofia de proteção dos equipamentos e sistemas elétricos e eletrônicos contra descargas atmosféricas na qual se integre as recomendações tradicionais às necessidades atuais relacionadas à área de compatibilidade eletromagnética; · Seja abrangente e com grau de precisão satisfatório, quando comparadas com as recomendações atuais, com possibilidade de exploração dos valores das grandezas elétricas envolvidas no domínio do espaço e do tempo, e · Apresente simplicidade na implementação em computadores pessoais.
The main purpose of this work is to present a suitable method for calculating the current distribution, the electric and magnetic field, and the induced voltage on electric circuits regarding a structure directly struck by lightning. Moreover, when the method is used together with the electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) requirements, it can provide the designer with a new and helpful methodology meeting the recent aspects or the state of the art on lightning protection systems (L.P.S). Thus, a methodology is proposed, which provides the L.P.S. design team with: · The availability to take technical decisions in all steps of the project, from the definition of the architecture of the structure to the definition of the best layout of L.P.S.; · Recommendations to achieve the EMC of the electric and electronic system, in addition to the traditional ones; · Reliable numerical results concerning simulations in the space and time-domain, and · Simple implementation in personal computers.

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Rust, Alexander. "BEPS Action 2: 2014 Deliverable Neutralising the Effects of Hybrid Mismatch Arrangements and its compatibility with the non-discrimination provisions in tax treaties and the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union." Sweet & Maxwell, 2015. http://epub.wu.ac.at/5466/1/BTR.pdf.

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This article illustrates the BEPS proposals to fight against hybrid mismatch arrangements. It concentrates on exemption / non-inclusion schemes and double deduction schemes and analyses whether these proposals are in line with the non-discrimination provisions contained in tax treaties and in the TFEU. The article comes to the conclusion that the proposals generally comply with the non-discrimination provisions. However, with regard to double deduction schemes the OECD proposes to deny a deduction in the permanent establishment state if the payments are also deductible in the head office state. In the author's opinion this recommendation conflicts with the freedom of establishment contained in the TFEU.

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Guibert, Laurent Christian Jean. "Etude des effets non linéaires et de la susceptibilité des systèmes électroniques embarqués." Thesis, Toulouse, ISAE, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014ESAE0054/document.

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Dans le domaine de la Compatibilité ElectroMagnétique (CEM), la connaissance du niveau d’immunité ou de susceptibilité d’un équipement embarqué est un paramètre important à contrôler et à gérer tout au long de sa durée de vie. En particulier,lors des opérations de maintenance de cet équipement, il est important de veiller au maintien de son niveau de susceptibilité pour garantir son fonctionnement. Pour répondre à ce besoin, les travaux de cette thèse proposent une méthode expérimentale originale de contrôle rapide et facile à mettre en œuvre dans le cas d’essais de susceptibilité rayonnée en haute fréquence. Cette méthode est basée sur l’observation de fréquences harmoniques rayonnées par un équipement lorsque celui-ci est soumis une illumination parfaitement monochromatique en haute fréquence. Pour cela, on fait l’hypothèse que l’amplitude de ces fréquences est d’autant plus grande que l’équipement électronique est en dysfonctionnement. Pour vérifier cette hypothèse, un dispositif expérimental adapté à une illumination en CRBM a tout d’abord été développé et étudié afin de mettre en œuvre cette méthode. Ensuite, après avoir mis en évidence sur plusieurs configurations de cartes électronique l’observation d’harmoniques, nous nous sommes intéressés à une modélisation du phénomène physique pour vérifier celui-ci par la simulation. Ace titre, une modélisation FDTD des expériences a été réalisée en 3D et une comparaison mesures/calcul a été effectuée. Ce travail a permis de montrer qu’à partir du des équations de Maxwell, des harmoniques identiques à celles mesurées étaient rayonnées et que la méthode de contrôle de susceptibilité rayonnée que nous proposions était donc tout à fait viable. Concernant la phase de modélisation, nous nous sommes intéressés essentiellement à représenter le fonctionnement du circuit logique et non à entrer finement dans le détail de chaque composant électronique le constituant. Pour les applications retenues, nous avons donc porté notre effort sur la prise en compte d’un signal numérique représenté sous forme d’une suite de bits, ainsi que sur l’introduction dans le modèle FDTD de Maxwell de quelques composants non linéaires comme la diode et un inverseur CMOS. La généralisation du modèle d’inverseur peut s’appliquer sans difficultés à d’autres composants CMOS, comme les mémoires de type SRAM que nous avons étudiées expérimentalement
In the frame of ElectroMagnetic Compatibility (EMC), the knowledge of EM immunity or susceptibility levels of on-board equipment is an important parameter to control and manage throughout the whole life of equipment. In fact, during maintenance phases of this equipment, it is important to ensure that these levels are maintained in order to guarantee its operation. To meet this need, this thesis proposes to focus on a novel and easy-to-implement experimental method for a quick diagnosis of equipment EM radiated susceptibility at high frequency.. This method is based on the observation of the harmonic frequencies radiated by an equipment device when this one is summited to a perfectly monochromatic illumination at high frequency. We make the hypothesis that the amplitude of those frequencies increases when the electronic equipment is in a dysfunction state. For this, a experimental method suitable for MSRCs has first been developed and studied to highlight the principle of this method. Then, having observed experimentally the radiation phenomenon of harmonic frequencies on several configurations of electronic cards, we have developed a 3D FDTD model to simulate the phenomenon. With this model, a modeling of the experiments was carried out and comparisons between measurements and calculations were performed. Calculation results coming from FDTD Maxwell’s equation models showed trends and functional behaviors identical to those observed in measurements which demonstrated that the proposed control method was fully viable. Regarding the modeling phase, we concentrated on models describing the operation of the logic circuit but we did not to enter into the physical description of each electronic component. Our selected applications have therefore focused on the inclusion in the Maxwell FDTD model of a digital signal represented as a series of bits, as well as the introduction of some components such as a diode and a CMOS inverter. The generalization of the proposed inverter model can be easily extended to other CMOS components such as the SRAM memories we studied in experimental tests

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Milhau, Audrey. "Influences bidirectionnelles entre action et évaluation émotionnelle : effets de fluence motrice." Phd thesis, Université Paul Valéry - Montpellier III, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00968210.

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L'approche constructiviste de l'émotion considère que les traits émotionnels ne sont pas des propriétés intrinsèques des objets mais se construisent " ici et maintenant " lors de l'interaction sensorimotrice individu/environnement. Notre objectif dans ce travail de thèse était de mettre en évidence des effets réciproques entre l'action et l'évaluation émotionnelle, fondés sur le caractère hédonique de la fluence motrice, c'est-à-dire l'aisance avec laquelle une action est réalisée. Nous avons choisi de manipuler la fluence motrice par des mouvements latéralisés des mains exécutés lors d'une tâche de jugement de valence. En effet, il existe des liens marqués entre valence et latéralité, de sorte que le côté dominant d'un individu est associé à la valence positive (Casasanto, 2009). Nous comparons des conditions de congruence et de non-congruence entre la valence des items et le geste de réponse. Nos résultats ont montré des influences bidirectionnelles des actions et de l'évaluation basées sur deux processus distincts. D'une part lors d'un jugement de valence, un effet de compatibilité facilite la réalisation du geste de réponse compatible grâce à la fluence motrice. D'autre part la fluence d'un comportement moteur entraine, par un effet d'attribution, des variations dans l'évaluation de mots neutres ou connotés positivement et négativement. De plus, nos travaux ont mis en évidence le rôle du dispositif de réponse (échelle de jugement de valence et localisation des touches de réponse) sur l'évaluation émotionnelle, soulignant le caractère situé du jugement. Ces résultats sont discutés à la lumière de la conception constructiviste de l'émotion en accord avec une approche incarnée et située de la cognition.

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Goodall, Harrison M. III. "The Effect of Inversion and Motor Expertise on Body Compatibility." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2016. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/pomona_theses/159.

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Previous studies have established that when a subject’s attention is directed to a specific body part, the subject is able to move that body part faster than a body part their attention was not drawn to. This is known as the body compatibility effect, and it has been shown that this effect only occurs when viewing upright images of the human body. In this study, we presented control subjects and expert acrobats with inverted and upright stimuli. We hypothesized that the amount of time the acrobats spent inverted would result in the acrobats exhibiting body compatibility effects for both upright and inverted stimuli. Compatibility effects were observed in the upright condition for both groups, but neither group exhibited any compatibility effects in the inverted position. Unexpectedly the acrobats responded significantly faster to incongruent trials compared to the control subjects, leading to the conclusion that there must be some form of priming occurring concurrently with the body compatibility task allowing the acrobats to respond faster than the control participants.

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Winter, Alice Bellemin. "Response-Effect Compatibility Defines the Natural Zooming Direction with Indirect Manipulation Devices." Thesis, California State University, Long Beach, 2018. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10751636.

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Zooming is a type of user interaction offered by many programs and devices. It is used by millions of people, particularly with interactive web maps, but very few experiments have investigated why certain implementations are more effective than others. Research with direct manipulation devices (e.g., touchscreens) has found that the most natural user interaction is to swipe their finger in the direction they wish content to move. However, the most intuitive zooming direction is ambiguous for indirect manipulation devices (e.g., mouse, touchpad, and keyboard). Additionally, it is even less obvious which directional movement would result in a zooming gesture since most indirect manipulation devices only permit X and Y movements and zooming is a Z movement. For this reason, the current study investigated which Y axis directional movement is most compatible with zooming (a movement along the Z dimension) on indirect manipulation devices, and if this mapping is influenced by response method, depth cues, or instructions. Our results indicated that the R-E compatible zooming direction on indirect manipulation devices is what we define as the Forward in | Backward out mapping, which means the participant is moving their finger forward to zoom in and moving it backward to zoom out. This was reflected in higher accuracy for both touchpads and buttons and faster reaction times with touchpads. This suggests that the action of zooming on a 2D display is conceptualized as moving forward in space.

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Caudron, François. "Etude fondamentale des effets liés aux agressions micro-ondes de fortes puissances et du chaos sur l’électronique (composants, circuits et systèmes)." Thesis, Cergy-Pontoise, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012CERG0663.

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Le travail de thèse s'intéresse aux effets liés aux agressions MFP et du chaos sur l'électronique. Après une étude théorique et expérimentale du couplage électromagnétique entre deux ports d'accès d'impédance 50 Ω réalisés dans une cavité complexe, un nouveau modèle est proposé pour étendre l'étude aux cas des impédances de rayonnements quelconques en s'appuyant sur le principe de Babinet. L'impact des agressions EM intentionnelles sur les circuits "front-end" des récepteurs comme par exemple les circuits limiteurs lorsque les antennes sont agressées en dehors de leur bande passante a été aussi étudié et validé sur plusieurs types d'antennes pour les applications 2,45 GHz et bande-X. Les résultats montrent que pour certaines conditions, il est possible que l'agression EM génère des signaux chaotiques à l'entrée du récepteur. Enfin, deux sources chaotiques ont été étudiées et caractérisées et la possibilité d'enrichir leur spectre est proposée
The thesis focuses on the effects associated with HPM and Chaos aggressions on electronics. After a theoretical and experimental study of the electromagnetic coupling between two ports of 50 Ω impedance in a complex cavity, a new model based on Babinet principle is proposed to extend the study to the case of any radiation impedances. The impact of intentional EM attacks on the "front end" receiver circuits such as limiters at outside the antennas bandwidth was also studied and validated on several types of antennas for 2.45 GHz an X-band applications. The results show that for certain conditions, it is possible that EM aggression generates chaotic signals in the front end receivers. Finally, two chaotic sources have been studied and characterized. The opportunity to enhance their spectrum is also proposed

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Boyer, Alexandre. "Méthode de prédiction de la compatibilité électromagnétique des systèmes en boîtier." Toulouse, INSA, 2007. http://eprint.insa-toulouse.fr/archive/00000170/.

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Afin de réaliser des circuits électroniques plus denses et plus performants, les industriels cherchent à intégrer dans un même boîtier plusieurs circuits. Néanmoins, la cohabitation entre un circuit bruyant et un circuit sensible du point de vue CEM pourrait révéler des incompatibilités dont il faut se prémunir. Ce mémoire décrit des méthodologies de prédiction de l’impact d’un couplage électromagnétique entre deux circuits proches, dans le cadre d’un rapprochement entre un microcontrôleur dédié à des applications automobiles et un composant puissance. Le premier chapitre est dédié à l’étude de l’origine et à la modélisation des émissions parasites et de la susceptibilité des circuits intégrés, et à la prise en compte de ces deux problèmes dans le cas d’un rapprochement entre plusieurs circuits. Ensuite, le deuxième chapitre est consacré à la modélisation des émissions rayonnées des circuits en champ proche produites tandis que le troisième s’intéresse à la prédiction de la susceptibilité des circuits soumis à des agressions rayonnées localisées. Enfin, dans le dernier chapitre, deux méthodologies de prédiction des risques de défaillances produites par le couplage entre deux circuits proches sont proposées à partir des modèles d’émission et de susceptibilité des composants, permettant de tester l’effet du placement et des conditions de fonctionnement sur la compatibilité électromagnétique
In order to achieve more powerful and denser electronic devices, the actual trend in microelectronic industry consists in integrating several circuits inside the same package. However it could involve electromagnetic incompatibility between the different circuits. This report describes some predictive methodologies dedicated to the impact of electromagnetic coupling between two nearby circuits, e. G. In the case of a module composed of a microcontroller and a power device. The first chapter is dedicated to the origin and the modelling of integrated circuit parasitic emission and susceptibility, and EMC problems related to system on package. Then the second chapter deals with integrated circuit near field radiated emission modelling, and the third chapter is dedicated to the susceptibility modelling of components disturbed by localized radiated aggression. Finally two methodologies aiming at predicting failure risks for two nearby components are proposed. They are based on the use of integrated circuit emission and susceptibility electrical models and allow testing the effect of placement and operating conditions on the electromagnetic compatibility

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25

Kaklamani, Georgia. "The effect of active screen plasma nitriding on the cellular compatibility of polmeric biomaterials." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2012. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/3844/.

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Active Screen Plasma Nitriding (ASPN) is a novel surface engineering technique, the main advantage of which is the capacity to treat homogeneously all kind of materials surfaces of any shape. Here, ASPN is used to modify the surface properties of ionomer glasses and polymers in order to improve the surface cellular compatibility of these materials. A conventional DC nitriding unit has been used together with an AS experimental arrangement. The materials that were treated were an ionomer glass composition and UHMWPE. All treated/untreated samples were seeded with the 3T3 fibroblasts. In order to identify the effect of the plasma treatment, chemical and mechanical properties characterization was conducted. For the cellular samples, SEM, Interferometry, AFM and MTT assay were conducted in order to observe cells’ behavior on the untreated and treated materials. The inert surface of the untreated glass showed good interaction with fibroblasts only after the ASPN treatment which resulted in enhanced fibroblasts attachment and proliferation. The treatment temperature, the length of treatment and the presence of nitrogen had an influence on the surface properties of glass. UHMWPE treated samples chemical characterization showed the formation of C-N and N-H groups resulting in an increase of the functionality of treated surfaces. 3T3 fibroblasts cell culture studies showed that the ASPN treatment had a positive effect on the adhesion and proliferation of cells according to the time of treatment and the increase of the nitrogen concentration in the gas mixture. As a conclusion ASPN treatment can be a very effective method to modify inorganic and organic polymeric surfaces in order to improve cellular compatibility.

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26

Stedman, Sam. "Effect of Timing and Herbicide Compatibility in the Application of Burst on Upland Cotton." College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/221232.

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A field trial was conducted to study the elements of application timing and herbicide compatibility in the use of Burst, a plant growth regulator, and the effects of these two factors on yield of upland cotton. Eight treatments combined the two factors of timing and tank mix. The results showed no significant difference in yield between treatments.

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27

Agnew, Kevin. "The Effect of Presentation Format on Investor Judgments and Decisions: Does the Effect Differ for Varying Task Demands?" Scholar Commons, 2016. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/6162.

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This study examines the efficacy of presenting footnotes information in alternative display formats on investors’ judgments and decisions. Non-professional investors play a significant role in the capital markets yet they do not always attend to information contained in footnote disclosures. As a result, nonprofessional investors systematically misprice firms and misallocate resources. Recognizing that increased mandatory and voluntary disclosures create additional challenges for non-professional investors, both the FASB and SEC have actively sought ways to increase the effectiveness of disclosures. I hypothesize that high display proximity, low signal-to-noise presentation formats can increase investors’ attention to and processing of footnote disclosures and hence performance on an investing task. Further I hypothesize that low display proximity, low signal-to-noise presentation formats can improve investor performance on a recognition task. Lastly, I hypothesize that non-professional investors viewing high display proximity, low signal-to-noise footnote disclosures will rate usability higher than nonprofessional investors viewing footnote disclosures in the other three display formats. Amazon Mechanical Turk workers are used as participants in a 2 x 2 between-participants experiment using two task types: an integrative (investing) task and a non-integrative (recognition) task. I manipulate display proximity (inline or side-by-side) and signal-to-noise ratio (footnotes presented simultaneously or individually). Contrary to my hypotheses, I find that low signal-to-noise ratio increases non-professional investors’ performance on both the integrative (investing) and non-integrative (recognition) tasks. Further, although task performance increased under the low signal-to-noise presentation format, participants did not evaluate either signal-to-noise presentation format easier to use or more useful. Instead, participants found the high display proximity (side-by-side) presentation format easier to use, although it did not yield performance increases.

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28

Schanen, Jean-Luc. "Intégration de la compatibilité électromagnetique dans la conception de convertisseurs statiques en électronique de puissance." Grenoble INPG, 1994. https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01907791.

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De nos jours, la nécessité se fait de plus en plus sentir de prendre en compte les formes d'ondes réelles au sein d'un convertisseur statique. Surtensions, surcourants, à l'origine de fatigue voire de destruction des semi-conducteurs, mais aussi courants perturbateurs issus du convertisseur en peuvent plus être négligés dans la phase de conception. L'emploi de prototypes s'avère alors indispensable, ce qui entraîne une augmentation des coûts et temps de développement. Des logiciels existent permettant la modélisation des composants semi-conducteurs (PACTE développé par le CEGELY), mais ils nécessitent la connaissance parfaite de l'environnement de ceux-ci. Cet environnement électromagnétique détermine é gaiement le pouvoir perturbateur et la susceptibilité du convertisseur statique. Nous avons développé un logiciel (lnCa) permettant le calcul des inductances parasites dues aux connexions pour des géométries tridimensionnelles. Des formules de calcul de capacités parasites ont également été mises en leurre. Deux types de simulations sont présentées : l'une avec PACTE et les modèles de semi-conducteurs, l'autre en utilisant un simulateur nodal (CIRCUIT), pour s'affranchir de l'emploi de ces modèles. Les résultats obtenus sont prometteurs

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29

Coudoro, Bernardin Y. D. "Etude phénoménologique de la sensibilité des circuits logiques fonctionnant en régime dynamique soumis aux effets induits par des champs électromagnétiques." Lille 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993LIL10125.

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L'utilisation de plus en plus fréquente de systèmes électroniques au sein des dispositifs embarqués à bord de véhicules augmente le risque de dérangement de la disponibilité et de la sécurité de certaines fonctions par l'action des signaux perturbateurs. Pour éviter l'utilisation de blindage dont le coût, le poids et les risques de dégradation ne sont pas négligeables, il est nécessaire d'intervenir des la conception sur la sensibilité intrinsèque des systèmes. Le but de notre travail consiste à quantifier les effets des sources indésirables induites qui se rapportent aux ports d'entrée et de sortie des composants, et à montrer comment la présence de ces sources peut modifier l'information traitée. En faisant une synthèse des travaux menés dans ce domaine et en simplifiant le problème à une configuration simple de liaison de composants par des structures filaires telles qu'on les rencontre sur les cartes électroniques, nous sommes parvenus à mettre en évidence des phénomènes perturbateurs apparaissant durant le transit logique des composants. Une étude phénoménologique des faits expérimentaux et le développement d'un outil informatique de test nous a permis de faire une classification des familles technologiques par rapport à leur sensibilité électromagnétique. La mise en oeuvre de cet outil a été nécessaire car les transits logiques subissaient inégalement l'effet des sources perturbatrices induites en fonction de leur occurrence dans le temps. Un traitement en temps réel d'un grand nombre de transits au moyen de paramètres à caractère statistique était une solution appropriée pour analyser les phénomènes observés. D'autre part nous avons cherché à identifier d'autres paramètres sur lesquels on peut intervenir pour agir sur la sensibilité d'une carte toute entière. Grâce aux résultats obtenus au cours de nos travaux, nous avons proposé quelques recommandations permettant d'agir sur le seuil de sensibilité des cartes électroniques

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30

Oehmichen, Kim Joachim. "The effect of orientation-neutral cursors on movement time, positioning performance, and stimulus-response (S-R) compatibility." CONNECT TO THIS TITLE ONLINE, 2007. http://etd.lib.umt.edu/theses/available/etd-03022007-154911/.

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31

Feng, Jiawei. "Compatibility and Shape Memory Effect Study of Maleated Ethylene Propylene Copolymer(MAn-g-EPM)/Fatty Acid Blends." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1500514544100023.

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32

Hochart, Isabelle. "Etude de la diaphonie entre conducteurs : élaboration d'une méthode de caractérisation de composants non linéaires : application à l'étude des effets engendrés par une perturbation harmonique sur des circuits logiques." Lille 1, 1998. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/1998/50376-1998-448.pdf.

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Les dispositifs electroniques sont amenes a fonctionner dans des environnements perturbes. La prediction par la simulation des effets engendres sur les equipements necessite le developpement de modeles de couplage et de composants. Dans un premier temps, nous presentons des modeles de couplage simples permettant, a partir de la topologie du circuit, d'estimer rapidement l'amplitude des parasites induits par diaphonie sur des conducteurs charges par des composants lineaires ou non. L'approche proposee conduit a la determination d'un schema equivalent facilement integrable dans des logiciels de c. A. O. Elle s'avere donc particulierement interessante pour une premiere analyse de la c. E. M. D'un circuit, notamment pour l'etude du couplage magnetique entre des conducteurs disposes de maniere quelconque dans un espace a trois dimensions. En second lieu, nous proposons une methode de caracterisation de composants non lineaires se pretant bien a l'analyse comportementale des composants en dehors de leur bande passante nominale et au-dela des limites de tension specifiees par le constructeur. Un schema equivalent grand signal est etabli a partir de la mesure, au moyen d'un analyseur de reseaux, de l'impedance presentee par le circuit pour plusieurs points de polarisation. Cette methode appliquee sur un microcontroleur et une memoire cmos nous a permis d'etudier deux phenomenes importants du point de vue de la c. E. M : - le premier se traduit par l'apparition d'une tension de decalage susceptible, sous certaines conditions, de mettre en defaut le composant. - le second peut amener un dispositif a se comporter comme un perturbateur large bande pour son environnement. Il resulte du melange entre le signal utile et le signal perturbateur. Nous montrons que ce phenomene est surtout lie aux changements d'impedance provoques par la commutation des circuits logiques.

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33

Lo, Steson Koon-Siu. "Thinking Digitally: Individual Differences in Mental Representations of Number and Computational Algorithms Associated with Exact Quantities." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/16328.

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The present research explored mental representations of number, the computational algorithms used to solve multi-digit arithmetic tasks, and how mental manipulation of exact quantities are modulated by individual differences in working memory capacity and method of instruction through six experiments. The first three experiments focused on holistic or decomposed mental representation of 2-digit numbers in Australian university students using a magnitude judgement and number bisection task. Since holistic or decomposed magnitude representations are associated with different multi-digit addition algorithms, Experiment 4 investigated individual differences in orthographic precision and strategies for multi-digit addition using a same-different mental arithmetic task. Experiment 5 explored the relationship between working memory and construction of novel strategies in a mathematical problem solving task using Diophantine equations. Individual differences in mental representations were further explored in Experiment 6 by comparing Australian university students with Japanese children who were skilled users of a ‘mental abacus’. Although the Japanese children’s performance was superior to the university students on virtually all tasks, both groups appeared to use qualitatively similar strategies of computing the total of 2-digit numbers by decomposing each of the operands according to unit and decade positions. Why are some people better at maths than others? The results suggest that computational speed and accuracy were associated with larger working memory capacity, stronger decomposed mental representations of number, and an educational approach that involved plenty of practice. All of these attributes facilitate application of exact multi-digit algorithms. Aside from the theoretical implications of these findings for the field of numerical cognition, the results are also practically important for teachers and policy makers.

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34

Préault, Valentin. "Méthodes d'homogénéisation pour la modélisation électromagnétique de matériaux composites. Application au blindage de boîtiers d’équipement électronique." Thesis, Paris 11, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA112302/document.

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Le nombre d’appareils électroniques et de systèmes de communication sans fil a considérablement augmenté au cours des 20 dernières années. Les boîtiers de blindage utilisés pour protéger les appareils électroniques contre les radiations externes, mais aussi pour limiter leurs émissions sont généralement conçus en alliages d’aluminium. Mais la nécessité de réduire le poids des aéronefs incite l’industrie aéronautique à l’utilisation de matériaux composites.La modélisation de boîtiers de blindage composés de matériaux homogènes est possible par l’utilisation d’outils numériques tels que la méthode des éléments finis. Mais la discrétisation de boîtiers constitués de matériaux composites impliquerait un nombre d’éléments trop important rendant impossible toute modélisation numérique. Le recours à l’homogénéisation semi-analytique est une possibilité pour s’affranchir de cette restriction. Les milieux homogènes équivalents obtenus avec ces méthodes peuvent être insérés dans des outils numériques pour simuler le comportement électromagnétique de boîtiers de blindage complexes. Les modèles d’homogénéisation existants, tel que le modèle de Maxwell-Garnett, sont toutefois limités a des applications quasi-statiques.La définition des propriétés effectives de matériaux composites illuminés par des ondes électromagnétiques est l’objectif principal de ce travail. Il en résulte deux méthodes d’homogénéisation dynamiques. La première introduit un effet de taille entre les fibres et la longueur d'onde. Elle permet ainsi d’étendre une méthode basée sur des problèmes d'inclusion aux micro-ondes. Mais elle reste limitée par l’apparition de l’effet de peau dans les renforts conducteurs. La seconde est basée sur la définition des pertes par effet Joule dans les fibres, permettant ainsi d’étendre la première méthode après l’apparition de l’effet de peau. Cette dernière est enfin utilisée pour modéliser le comportement électromagnétique d’un boîtier de blindage réaliste
The number of electronic devices and wireless communication systems has significantly increased over the past 20 years. Shielding enclosures used to protect electronic devices against radiated waves and to limit their emissions are usually designed in aluminum alloys. But the need to reduce the weight of aircraft incites the aerospace industry to the use of composite materials.Modeling shielding enclosures composed of homogeneous materials is possible by the use of numerical tools such as the finite element method. But considering every details of the microstructure would involve a excessive number of unknowns preventing numerical modelings. The use of semi-analytical homogenization methods is a possibility to overcome this restriction. The equivalent homogeneous mediums obtained with these methods can be inserted into numerical tools to simulate the electromagnetic behavior of complex shielding enclosures. But classical homogenization models such as Maxwell-Garnett model, are limited to quasi-static applications.Calculating the effective properties of composite materials illuminated by electromagnetic waves is the main objective of this work. This leads to two dynamic homogenization methods. The first one introduces a size effect between the fibers and the wavelength. It allows to extend a method based on inclusion problems to microwave frequencies. However it is limited by the occurrence of the skin effect in conductive inclusions. The second consider Joule losses and extends the first method after the occurrence of the skin effect. This second homogenization method is finally used to model the behavior of a realistic shielding enclosure

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35

Krupnik, Viktoria, Ingo Nietzold, Bengt Bartsch, and Beate Rassler. "The effect of motor-respiratory coordination on the precision of tracking movements." Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2016. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-192035.

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Purpose: We investigated motor-respiratory coordination (MRC) in visually guided forearm tracking movements focusing on two main questions: (1) Does attentional demand, training or complexity of the tracking task have an effect on the degree of MRC? (2) Does MRC impair the precision of those movements? We hypothesized that (1) enhanced attention to the tracking task and training increase the degree of MRC while higher task complexity would reduce it, and (2) MRC impairs tracking precision. Methods: Thirty-five volunteers performed eight tracking trials with several conditions: positive (direct) signal–response relation (SRR), negative (inverse) SRR to increase task complexity, specific instruction for enhanced attention to maximize tracking precision (“strict” instruction), and specific instruction that tracking precision would not be evaluated (“relaxed” instruction). The trials with positive and negative SRR were performed three times each to study training effects. Results: While the degree of MRC remained in the same range throughout all experimental conditions, a switch in phase-coupling pattern was observed. In conditions with positive SRR or with relaxed instruction, we found one preferred phase-relationship per period. With higher task complexity (negative SRR) or increased attentional demand (strict instruction), a tighter coupling pattern with two preferred phase-relationships per period was adopted. Our main result was that MRC improved tracking precision in all conditions except for that with relaxed instruction. Reduction of amplitude errors mainly contributed to this precision improvement. Conclusion: These results suggest that attention devoted to a precision movement intensifies its phase-coupling with breathing and enhances MRC-related improvement of tracking precision.

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36

Yao, Norikazu. "Auditory localisation : contributions of sound location and semantic spatial cues." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2007. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/16504/1/Norikazu_Yao_Thesis.pdf.

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In open skill sports and other tasks, decision-making can be as important as physical performance. Whereas many studies have investigated visual perception there is little research on auditory perception as one aspect of decision making. Auditory localisation studies have almost exclusively focussed on underlying processes, such as interaural time difference and interaural level difference. It is not known, however, whether semantic spatial information contained in the sound is actually used, and whether it assists pure auditory localisation. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect on auditory localisation of spatial semantic information. In Experiment One, this was explored by measuring whole body orientation to the words "Left", "Right", "Back", "Front" and "Yes", as well as a tone, each presented from left right, front and back locations. Experiment Two explored the effect of the four spatial semantic words presented either from their matching locations, or from a position rotated 20 degrees anticlockwise. In both experiments there were two conditions, with subjects required to face the position indicated by the sound location, or the meaning of the word. Movements of the head were recorded in three dimensions with a Polhemus Fastrak system, and were analysed with a custom program. Ten young adult volunteers participated in each experiment. Reaction time, movement time, initial rotation direction, rotation direction at peak velocity, and the accuracy of the final position were the dependent measures. The results confirmed previous reports of confusions between front and back locations, that is, errors about the interaural axis. Unlike previous studies, many more back-to-front than front-toback errors was made. The experiments provided some evidence for a spatial Stroop interference effect, that is, an effect on performance of conflicting information provided by the irrelevant dimension of the stimulus, but only for reaction time and initial movement direction, and only in the Word condition. The results are interpreted using a model of the processes needed to respond to the stimulus and produce an orienting movement. They suggest that there is an asymmetric interference effect in which auditory localisation can interfere with localisation based on semantic content of words, but not the reverse. In addition, final accuracy was unaffected by any interference, suggesting that these effects are restricted to the initial stages of response selection.

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37

Yao, Norikazu. "Auditory localisation : contributions of sound location and semantic spatial cues." Queensland University of Technology, 2007. http://eprints.qut.edu.au/16504/.

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In open skill sports and other tasks, decision-making can be as important as physical performance. Whereas many studies have investigated visual perception there is little research on auditory perception as one aspect of decision making. Auditory localisation studies have almost exclusively focussed on underlying processes, such as interaural time difference and interaural level difference. It is not known, however, whether semantic spatial information contained in the sound is actually used, and whether it assists pure auditory localisation. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect on auditory localisation of spatial semantic information. In Experiment One, this was explored by measuring whole body orientation to the words "Left", "Right", "Back", "Front" and "Yes", as well as a tone, each presented from left right, front and back locations. Experiment Two explored the effect of the four spatial semantic words presented either from their matching locations, or from a position rotated 20 degrees anticlockwise. In both experiments there were two conditions, with subjects required to face the position indicated by the sound location, or the meaning of the word. Movements of the head were recorded in three dimensions with a Polhemus Fastrak system, and were analysed with a custom program. Ten young adult volunteers participated in each experiment. Reaction time, movement time, initial rotation direction, rotation direction at peak velocity, and the accuracy of the final position were the dependent measures. The results confirmed previous reports of confusions between front and back locations, that is, errors about the interaural axis. Unlike previous studies, many more back-to-front than front-toback errors was made. The experiments provided some evidence for a spatial Stroop interference effect, that is, an effect on performance of conflicting information provided by the irrelevant dimension of the stimulus, but only for reaction time and initial movement direction, and only in the Word condition. The results are interpreted using a model of the processes needed to respond to the stimulus and produce an orienting movement. They suggest that there is an asymmetric interference effect in which auditory localisation can interfere with localisation based on semantic content of words, but not the reverse. In addition, final accuracy was unaffected by any interference, suggesting that these effects are restricted to the initial stages of response selection.

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38

Senécal, Cimon. "L'incorporation des objectifs de dissuasion et de dénonciation en droit pénal canadien pour adolescents : compatibilité et constitutionnalité." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/23233.

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Ce mémoire de maîtrise se veut une étude du projet de loi C-4 visant à modifier Loi sur le système de justice pénale pour les adolescents (ci-après L.S.J.P.A.). Spécifiquement, nous nous intéressons à la volonté d'ajouter la dissuasion et la dénonciation en tant que principe de détermination de la peine chez les adolescents. La compatibilité de ces objectifs avec les principes de la L.S.J.P.A., ainsi que la constitutionnalité de cette inclusion constituent les fondements de notre questionnement. Pour bien étayer nos conclusions, nous effectuons une étude comparative des dispositions de la L.S. J.P.A., et du Code criminel concernant la détermination de la peine. De plus, nous examinons les grands principes juridiques, internationaux et canadiens, en matière de justice pénale pour mineurs.

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39

Foulonneau, Bertrand. "Mise au point d'un laboratoire de mesure de l'indice d'affaiblissement électromagnétique en champ diffus de composants du bâtiment." Limoges, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996LIMO0019.

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Ce travail presente le developpement et la validation d'un laboratoire permettant la mesure de l'indice d'affaiblissement electromagnetique global de composants du batiment. Le composant sous test est place dans la paroi separatrice entre deux salles reverberantes et est ainsi eclaire par un champ diffus. Cette nouvelle technique a necessite l'etude theorique des champs diffus et la mise au point de methodes de mesure pour estimer la valeur moyenne du champ dans la salle et l'absorption des salles. La comparaison des indices d'affaiblissements theoriques et mesures pour des grilles metalliques a permis de valider ce laboratoire. Le domaine de validite du laboratoire se situe dans la bande de frequence 400 mhz-20 ghz pour des mesures d'indices allant de 5 a 60 db

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40

Ould-Kaddour, Latifa. "Etude par diffusion de la lumiere des systemes ternaires : polymere-polymere-solvant." Strasbourg 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988STR13006.

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Etude experimentale de plusieurs systemes ternaires, comportant deux polymeres differents en solution par diffusion de la lumiere. L'analyse de l'intensite diffusee a vecteur d'onde nul a permis de caracteriser les proprietes thermodynamiques et plus particulierement le parametre d'interaction entre les deux polymeres

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41

Podeszfinski, Catherine Maryse. "Effets et compatibilité de la combinaison champignons endomycorhiziens et fertilisants chez deux graminées de gazon : Poa pratensis L. cv. Park et Agrostis stolonifera L. cv. Penncross." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/8554.

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The general objective of this thesis was to study the interactions between AM fungi and turfgrass species in the presence of natural or chemical fertilizers. We had hypothesized that this symbiosis is possible, functional and compatible in the presence of fertilizers. To test this hypothesis, we have set three objectives: (i) estimate colonization rate for three AM fungi: Glomus intraradices, G. mosseae and G. aggregatum on two turfgrass species Poa pratensis L. cv Park and Agrostis stolonifera L. cv Penncross; (ii) evaluate the compatibility between natural and chemical fertilizers and AM fungi, and (iii) compare the effects of AM colonization on different physiological parameters in turfgrass. This study was performed over a period of 17 months between June 1996 and October 1997 on two different sites, Clarence Creek and the Central Experimental Farm (Ottawa), respectively low (46ppm) and high (270ppm) in soil phosphorus status. In total, 96 plots were randomly distributed on each sites. To investigate the dynamic of turfgrass community, we performed a greenhouse experiment following the same experimental design as in the field. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)

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42

Podeszfinski, Catherine. "Effets et compatibilité de la combinaison champignons endomycorhiziens et fertilisants chez deux graminées de gazon, Poa pratensis L. cv. Park et Agrostis stolonifera L. cv. Penncross." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape7/PQDD_0002/MQ45246.pdf.

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43

Moayed, Farman Amin. "Constructing the Function of “Magnitude-of-Effect” for Artificial Neural Network (ANN) Models and Their Application in Occupational Safety and Health (OSH) Engineering." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1217519927.

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44

Krupnik, Viktoria, Ingo Nietzold, Bengt Bartsch, and Beate Rassler. "The effect of motor-respiratory coordination on the precision of tracking movements: influence of attention, task complexity and training." European journal of applied physiology (2015) 115, 12, S. 2543-2556, 2015. https://ul.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A14101.

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Purpose: We investigated motor-respiratory coordination (MRC) in visually guided forearm tracking movements focusing on two main questions: (1) Does attentional demand, training or complexity of the tracking task have an effect on the degree of MRC? (2) Does MRC impair the precision of those movements? We hypothesized that (1) enhanced attention to the tracking task and training increase the degree of MRC while higher task complexity would reduce it, and (2) MRC impairs tracking precision. Methods: Thirty-five volunteers performed eight tracking trials with several conditions: positive (direct) signal–response relation (SRR), negative (inverse) SRR to increase task complexity, specific instruction for enhanced attention to maximize tracking precision (“strict” instruction), and specific instruction that tracking precision would not be evaluated (“relaxed” instruction). The trials with positive and negative SRR were performed three times each to study training effects. Results: While the degree of MRC remained in the same range throughout all experimental conditions, a switch in phase-coupling pattern was observed. In conditions with positive SRR or with relaxed instruction, we found one preferred phase-relationship per period. With higher task complexity (negative SRR) or increased attentional demand (strict instruction), a tighter coupling pattern with two preferred phase-relationships per period was adopted. Our main result was that MRC improved tracking precision in all conditions except for that with relaxed instruction. Reduction of amplitude errors mainly contributed to this precision improvement. Conclusion: These results suggest that attention devoted to a precision movement intensifies its phase-coupling with breathing and enhances MRC-related improvement of tracking precision.

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Dixon, Thomas Oliver. "An electrophysiological examination of visuomotor activity elicited by visual object affordances." Thesis, University of Plymouth, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/6758.

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A wide literature of predominantly behavioural experiments that use Stimulus Response Compatibility (SRC) have suggested that visual action information such as object affordance yields rapid and concurrent activation of visual and motor brain areas, but has rarely provided direct evidence for this proposition. This thesis examines some of the key claims from the affordance literature by applying electrophysiological measures to well established SRC procedures to determine the verities of the behavioural claims of rapid and automatic visuomotor activation evoked by viewing affording objects. The temporal sensitivity offered by the Lateralised Readiness Potential and by visual evoked potentials P1 and N1 made ideal candidates to assess the behavioural claims of rapid visuomotor activation by seen objects by examining the timecourse of neural activation elicited by viewing affording objects under various conditions. The experimental work in this thesis broadly confirms the claims of the behavioural literature however it also found a series of novel results that are not predicted by the behavioural literature due to limitations in reaction time measures. For example, while different classes of affordance have been shown to exert the same behavioural facilitation, electrophysiological measures reveal very different patterns of cortical activation for grip-type and lateralised affordances. These novel findings question the applicability of the label ‘visuomotor’ to grip-type affordance processing and suggest considerable revision to models of affordance. This thesis also offers a series of novel and surprising insights into the ability to dissociate afforded motor activity from behavioural output, into the relationship between affordance and early visual evoked potentials, and into affordance in the absence of the intention to act. Overall, this thesis provides detailed suggestions for considerable changes to current models of the neural activity underpinning object affordance.

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Larique, Emmanuel. "Développement d'une approche hybride couplant des simulateurs électromagnétique et circuit pour la modélisation de composants microondes actifs." Limoges, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000LIMO0011.

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La tendance actuelle du developpement de circuits hyperfrequences s'oriente vers la conception de dispositifs a frequence de travail elevee, possedant des dimensions reduites et respectant des exigences de reproductibilite (limitations des reglages). Cependant, cette miniaturisation des systemes microondes genere des effets parasites, lies par exemple aux couplages electromagnetiques entre elements, aux resonances de boitier ou au rayonnement au niveau des connexions. Les outils de cao doivent donc s'adapter aujourd'hui a des evolutions afin de realiser des simulations precises de ces nouveaux circuits tout en conservant leur fiabilite et leur souplesse d'utilisation. Dans ce cadre, ce memoire de these presente une approche hybride couplant des simulateurs electromagnetique et circuit pour la modelisation de composants actifs microondes. Cette methode a ete plus particulierement appliquee a l'analyse de transistors a effet de champ multidoigt. En utilisant un logiciel electromagnetique, il est possible de caracteriser rigoureusement les couplages et rayonnements electromagnetiques intervenant au niveau de la partie extrinseque du composant. Grace a une technique utilisant des acces localises repartis entre et le long des electrodes, nous pouvons rapporter un schema equivalent lineaire ou non lineaire caracterisant la partie active du transistor afin d'obtenir la reponse globale. Cette approche permet de modeliser un transistor de reference, de predire le comportement de composants actifs appartenant a la meme filiere, mais aussi d'effectuer la synthese de nouveaux dispositifs. Les resultats obtenus pour des transistors de type mesfet et hemt, ainsi que pour des structures plus complexes a plusieurs transistors, ont permis de valider cette methode.

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Ardon, Vincent. "MÉTHODES NUMÉRIQUES ET OUTILS LOGICIELS POUR LA PRISE EN COMPTE DES EFFETS CAPACITIFS DANS LA MODÉLISATION CEM DE DISPOSITIFS D'ÉLECTRONIQUE DE PUISSANCE." Phd thesis, Grenoble INPG, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00502938.

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Face à la complexité grandissante des convertisseurs statiques présents dans tout système électrique, les ingénieurs de conception ont besoin d'outils de modélisation électromagnétique de plus en plus performants, notamment en ce qui concerne la Compatibilité ÉlectroMagnétique (CEM). L'objectif de ce travail est de prendre en compte, sous la forme de capacités parasites, les couplages électriques en haute fréquence dans la modélisation CEM de dispositifs d'électronique de puissance. Plusieurs formulations intégrales basées sur la Méthode des Moments, ainsi que l'Adaptive Multi-Level Fast Multipole Method ont été développées et validées pour l'extraction de ces capacités équivalentes. Cette dernière méthode, qui permet d'accélérer les temps de calcul tout en limitant la place mémoire nécessaire (pas de stockage de matrice pleine), a été adaptée au problème pour garantir une meilleure précision des résultats en fonction du maillage. Un prototype de cet algorithme de calcul a été intégré dans le logiciel InCa3D, basée sur la méthode PEEC, permettant ainsi de construire un schéma électrique équivalent à constantes localisées où les effets capacitifs sont couplés au modèle résistif et inductif de la structure. Plusieurs cas tests, issus de la littérature ou d'applications industrielles, ont été simulés par le biais de ces schémas équivalents, soit dans un solveur circuit soit dans InCa3D, afin d'évaluer leurs performances CEM conduites et rayonnées. Enfin, les comparaisons réalisées avec des mesures ont donné de bons résultats et valident ainsi l'approche proposée. Une telle stratégie peut aisément faire partie de toute modélisation de type système, car elle permet de traiter des dispositifs de complexité industrielle sur une large bande de fréquences avec un modèle léger.

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Silva, Michel da. "Etude de la compatibilité entre les circuits récepteurs pin et les transistors à effet de champ. : extension aux transistors à haute mobilité et à confinement des porteurs du canal bi-dimensionnel." Toulouse 3, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992TOU30153.

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Ce mémoire présente les résultats d'une étude sur la compatibilité structurelle entre les circuits photorécepteurs pin et les transistors à effet de champ a hétérojonction qui permet d'améliorer leur intégration monolithique sur des substrats semi-isolants gaas. L'analyse des propriétés du photorécepteur vise à définir les règles de conception et d'optimisation des paramètres électriques et technologiques : réponse spectrale, sensibilité et rapidité. Ces règles offrent un moyen d'élaborer un transistor à effet de champ adapte à la photodétection. Ce transistor se définit par une transconductance élevée et une valeur faible du rapport du carré de la capacité sur la transconductance. L'étude de structures de transistors basée sur ces règles montre une adéquation de ces composants avec les photodiodes pin et métal/semi-conducteur/métal. Les composants sont fabriqués à partir d'hétérojonctions sur des substrats de gaas semi-isolants. A l'issue de ce travail de technologie, croissances et gravures des couches, métallisations des contacts, les caractérisations électriques des composants sont satisfaisantes. Pour accroitre à nouveau leurs performances, les systèmes photorécepteurs devront par la suite, intégrer des photodétecteurs à cavité résonante et des transistors à confinement uni-dimensionnel du gaz d'électrons

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Cozza, Andrea. "Railways EMC : Assessment of Infrastructure Impact." Phd thesis, Université des Sciences et Technologie de Lille - Lille I, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00533672.

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During the last three decades, electronic devices have conquered the railway domain, taking the place previously held by electromechanical devices, thanks to higher performances and lower costs. The price of this "revolution" is the fact that, in order to work properly and reliably, electronic systems must be fairly immune to the effect of external interferers, while, at the same time, they are not to electromagnetically pollute the environment they work in. These issues are dealt with by electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) whereas several international EMC standardization committees work on the definition of tests and rules the manufacturers must comply with. In the European Union, the reference for EMC issues in the railway domain is set by the CENELEC standard EN 50121, which deals with several aspects of a generic railway system, from the power-supply infrastructure to rolling stocks and signalling circuits. The introduction of this standard in 1996 has had a strong impact on rolling stock manufacturers, who are now required to test their products for EMC compliancy. As opposed to the automotive domain, the testing of trains cannot be performed in standard facilities, such as anechoic chambers, so that they have to be tested on actual railway lines, typically on the customer's. Industrial experience has shown that results obtained in this way are usually site-dependent, something that is against the very idea of a standard. The aim of this work is to prove the importance of the infrastructure in radiated emission tests, showing that the test results are site-dependent, thus subject to misunderstandings and misinterpretations. To this end, the features of a generic railway system are briefly described, pointing out the great variability in actual configurations, together with the absence of standard solutions. Subsequently, the electromagnetic modelling of a railway system is introduced, dealing with both propagation and radiation phenomena; in particular, the main topic here addressed is the modelling of supply-lines, through a quasi-TEM approach. The finite conductivity of the soil is taken into account by means of a closed-form formulation, thus avoiding numerical methods, and overcoming the limitations of Carson's model. Moreover, special attention is paid to discontinuities that would increase the model complexity, proposing approximated descriptions supported by numerical results. Results obtained with this model are then validated through several measurement campaigns carried out on actual railway lines, proving the effectiveness of the approach here pursued. The model is then employed in order to prove that some criteria in the standard EN 50121, specifically introduced in order to avoid site-dependency, are not realistic, thus leaving this issue unresolved. To this end, numerical examples are considered, assessing the impact of the infrastructure by comparing results obtained with realistic site configurations and with the ideal one envisaged by the standard. These comparisons are at the base of a tentative procedure that would allow to avoid the misinterpretations that triggered this work. Unfortunately, this approach requires an accurate description of the test-site. Since this is hardly the case, an alternative experimental characterization of the site is proposed, based on magnetic field measurements. This approach, involving the solution of an inverse problem, is shown to be feasible through a numerical validation, though its practical utilization requires efficient optimization techniques.

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Dudoyer, Stephen. "Méthode de détection et de reconnaissance de bruits électromagnétiques permettant la prédiction de leurs effets sur les transmissions GSM-R." Thesis, Lille 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LIL10053/document.

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Avec la multiplication des systèmes électroniques analogiques et numériques embarqués dans les moyens de transports actuels, l’environnement électromagnétique (EM) devient de plus en plus riche en signaux de toutes sortes et, donc, il devient plus complexe à caractériser. Dans ces travaux de thèse, nous nous intéressons au GSM-R (Global System for Mobile communications - Railways). Il s’agit du nouveau système de communication radio numérique portant la signalisation actuellement en cours de déploiement sur le réseau ferroviaire européen afin d'assurer l'interopérabilité des TGV. Ainsi, tous les pays d’Europe utiliseront le même système, ce qui facilitera la circulation des trains transfrontaliers d’un pays à l’autre. En environnement ferroviaire, le GSM-R doit faire face à différentes sources de bruit EM, notamment aux perturbations EM transitoires provenant du contact glissant entre la caténaire et le pantographe. Ces perturbations couvrent de larges bandes de fréquences dont, potentiellement, celles du GSM-R. Nous proposons une méthode de classification qui permet de prédire l’effet des perturbations EM transitoires sur la qualité des transmissions GSM-R. Cette méthode de classification pourrait être mise en place à bord des trains où elle permettrait d’identifier et localiser les zones critiques pour la qualité des transmissions GSM-R. Du point de vue de la standardisation, ces travaux de recherche pourraient contribuer à l’évolution nécessaire des équipements et des méthodologies définies dans les normes CEM afin de s’adapter aux nouvelles problématiques émanant de la multiplicité des systèmes et protocoles de communication sans fils employés dans le monde des transports
With the proliferation of analog and digital electronic systems in the current means of transport, the electromagnetic (EM) environment becomes richer and richer in all kinds of signals and, therefore, it becomes more difficult to characterize.In this thesis, we focus on a particular digital system: the GSM-R (Global System for Mobile communications - Railways). It is the new digital radio communication system under deployment on the European rail network in order to ensure the interoperability of high-speed trains in Europe. Then, all countries in Europe will use the same system, which will facilitate the movement of cross-border trains from a country to another one. In the railway environment, the GSM-R is subject to different EM noise sources, including transient EM interferences coming from the sliding contact between the pantograph and the catenary. These disturbances cover wide frequency bands including, potentially, those of the GSM-R system. We propose a classification method for predicting the effect of transient EM disturbances on the quality of GSM-R transmissions.This classification method could be implemented on trains where it could identify and locate critical areas for the quality of GSM-R transmissions along the journey. From the point of view of standardization, these research works could contribute to the necessary evolution of equipment and methods defined in EMC standards in order to cover the new problems arising from the multiplicity of wireless communication systems and protocols employed nowadays in the world of transports

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Compatibility effects'

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