Academic literature on the topic 'Compassion scale'
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Journal articles on the topic "Compassion scale"
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Akkuş Çutuk, Zeynep. "Mediating role of optimism in the relationship between self-compassion and subjective well-being." Journal of Human Sciences 18, no. 2 (April 12, 2021): 185–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.14687/jhs.v18i2.6139.
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In this study, whether optimism has a mediating role in the relationship between self-compassion and subjective well-being was examined. The sample of the study consisted of 302 volunteer participants (117 [38.74%] males) between the ages of 18 and 47. Data were obtained using the Self-Compassion Scale (SCS), Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS), Positive and Negative Affect Scale (PANAS), and Optimism Scale (OS). The data obtained from the scales were analyzed with the Structural Equation Model using IBM SPSS Amos 22.00 statistical package program. According to the findings of the study, optimism plays a partial mediating role in the relationship between self-compassion and subjective well-being. Consequently, self- compassion affects optimism, and this effect may increase subjective well-being.
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Cunha, M., C. Rodrigues, M. Matos, A. Galhardo, and M. Couto. "Compassionate Attributes and Action Scale for adolescents: Adaptation and validation." European Psychiatry 41, S1 (April 2017): S434. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.01.423.
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IntroductionCompassion can be defined as an intentional sensitivity to the suffering, with a motivation and commitment to try to relieve it, which can have a positive impact on individuals’ emotional and psychological well-being. The relevance of compassion focused therapies is well established and this makes the development of reliable instruments for the assessment of the different facets of compassion targeting different age groups crucial for research and clinical practice. The Compassionate Attributes and Actions Scale (CAAS) aims to assess compassion on three directions: self-compassion, compassion for others or compassion received from others. Each of the scales assesses one's compassionate attributes and compassionate actions separately when dealing with difficult or painful situations.Objective/aimThis study aimed to adapt the CAAS for adolescents and to explore its factor structure and psychometric properties in a sample of Portuguese adolescents.MethodsA total of 336 Portuguese adolescents with ages ranging from 12 to 19 years old participated in the study. Several exploratory factor analyses were conducted.ResultsExploratory factor analysis showed that, except for the attributes section of the self-compassion scale (that showed to be bi-factorial), all the other scales (and their sections) presented a single-factor structure. The three scales, and its sections, demonstrated a good reliability and excellent test-retest reliability and good convergent and discriminant validity.ConclusionResults were in line with the factor structure found in the adults’ version. The scales and its sections have shown good psychometric characteristics and constitute a useful instrument to assess and investigate the three directions of the compassion.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
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Ali, Mauna. "Hubungan Keterlibatan Ibu dan Self-compassion pada Orangtua Anak Berkebutuhan Khusus." JPPP - Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengukuran Psikologi 8, no. 2 (October 30, 2019): 95–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.21009/jppp.082.06.
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This study aims to look at the relationship between maternal involvement and self-compassion in parentsof children with special needs. Maternal involvement is defined as maternal involvement in aspects of allchild's life seen from two different domains, namely affective and behavior. Self-compassion is the abilityof someone who can give attention and kindness to themselves when facing difficulties in life.Researchers use quantitative methods with a psychological scale. Mother Involvement was measuredusing’s the Nurturance Mothering Scales & Mother Involvement Scale developed by Finley & Schwartz,and the self-compassion was measured by Self-compassion Scale developed by Neff. The sample usedwas 165 people. Sampling uses non probability sampling. Method of data analysis in testing multiplehypotheses using correlation techniques. The results showed a significant relationship between maternalinvolvement with self-compassion with a value of r = 0.041 <p = 0.05, and a significant relationshipbetween maternal involvement reported with self-compassion with a value of r = 0.022 <p = 0 .5. Theresults of the study of the involvement of the desired mother with self-compassion showed no significantrelationship, with a value of p> 0.05.
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Eng, Linnéa, Jennie Nordström, and Elinor Schad. "Incorporating compassion into compassion fatigue: The development of a new scale." Journal of Clinical Psychology 77, no. 9 (January 22, 2021): 2109–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jclp.23113.
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Halamová, Júlia, Martin Kanovský, and Monika Pacúchová. "Item-Response Theory Psychometric Analysis and Factor Structure of the Self-Compassion and Self-Criticism Scales." Swiss Journal of Psychology 77, no. 4 (October 2018): 137–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1024/1421-0185/a000216.
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Abstract. The study verifies the psychometric properties of the Slovak version of the Self-Compassion and Self-Criticism Scales (SCCS) using item response theory, factor analysis, and scale validity. The survey sample was collected by convenience sampling and consisted of 514 participants (27% men and 73% women) with a mean age of 26.16 years (SD = 8.32). A two-dimensional structure of the scale was not confirmed. The Self-Criticism subscale of the SCCS remained the same as in the original study, and the Self-Compassion subscale of the SCCS was divided into the subscales Self-Compassion (compassionate reaction to self) and Self-Reassurance (reassuring and soothing reactions to self). The Slovak translation of the SCCS seems to be a reliable instrument to measure the level of self-compassion and self-criticism. The validity of the SCCS should be further explored by linking the scale results to directly observable outcome measures as there are significant but very weak correlations with other related scales. This could be due to differences between situational and trait self-compassion and self-criticism.
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De Souza, Luciana Karine, Caroline Tozzi Reppold, Inajá Tavares, and Claudio Simon Hutz. "Self-compassion in religious practitioners: criterion validity evidence for the Self-Compassion Scale – Brazil." Psico 51, no. 2 (February 12, 2020): e32939. http://dx.doi.org/10.15448/1980-8623.2020.2.32939.
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The construct of self-compassion is based on Buddhist’s teachings on compassion towards oneself. This study provides criterion validity evidence for the Self-Compassion Scale – Brazil. A comparison on self-compassion in Buddhist and Catholic practitioners may contribute to support the Brazilian version of the scale, as well as shed light into religious differences on the matter. Participated in the study 59 Catholics and 59 Buddhists, all self-declared a religious practitioner. We administered a socio-demographic questionnaire and the Self-Compassion Scale – Brazil. Buddhist practitioners presented significantly higher score in self-compassion (M = 4.45, SD = .51) than Catholic practitioners (M = 2.98, SD = .63): t(116) = 13.78, p < .001 (d = 2.56). In addition, there was a significant positive correlation between frequency of religious practice and self-compassion (r = .39, p = .003). Future studies may investigate the relationship between self-compassion and neo-Pentecostal practitioners, which has been increasing in number in Brazil.
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Gu, Jenny, Ruth Baer, Kate Cavanagh, Willem Kuyken, and Clara Strauss. "Development and Psychometric Properties of the Sussex-Oxford Compassion Scales (SOCS)." Assessment 27, no. 1 (July 29, 2019): 3–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1073191119860911.
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Compassion has received increasing societal and scientific interest in recent years. The science of compassion requires a tool that can offer valid and reliable measurement of the construct to allow examination of its causes, correlates, and consequences. The current studies developed and examined the psychometric properties of new self-report measures of compassion for others and for the self, the 20-item Sussex-Oxford Compassion for Others Scale (SOCS-O) and 20-item Sussex-Oxford Compassion for the Self Scale (SOCS-S). These were based on the theoretically and empirically supported definition of compassion as comprising five dimensions: (a) recognizing suffering, (b) understanding the universality of suffering, (c) feeling for the person suffering, (d) tolerating uncomfortable feelings, and (e) motivation to act/acting to alleviate suffering. Findings support the five-factor structure for both the SOCS-O and SOCS-S. Scores on both scales showed adequate internal consistency, interpretability, floor/ceiling effects, and convergent and discriminant validity.
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TRIFU, Raluca, Bogdana MICLEA, Dana HERȚA, Smaranda PUȘCAȘU, Carolina BODEA-HATEGAN, and Horia COMAN. "Auto-compasiunea și auto-eficacitateaca – resurse personale în cazul terapeuților." Revista Română de Terapia Tulburărilor de Limbaj şi Comunicare 7, no. 1 (March 2021): 3–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.26744/rrttlc.2021.7.1.02.
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One of the special human qualities is the compassion shown towards our fellow, in special situations, people who live certain states determined by the moments of life they go through. Self-compassion refers to the ability to show compassion, understanding and protection to oneself. It is operationalized by researcher Kristin Neff. Self-efficacy, proposed by Albert Bandura, refers to the perception of self and is related to the belief in one's own abilities, in one's own ability to solve situations. The interest of the study aims the relationship between self-compassion and self-efficacy in the case of a distinct category, that of therapists, professionally faced with situations that require personal resources. Methods: The level of self-compassion was assessed with the Self-Compassion Scale, 26 items, proposed by Kristin Neff. The level of self-efficacy was assessed using the New General Self-Efficacy Scale, the 8-item scale proposed by Gilad Chen & co (2001). Both questionnaires were distributed electronically. The data obtained were statistically analyzed and interpreted. Results: In the professional categories investigated, there are underline links and relations between the two constructs, with professional implications. The results show (1) Therapists have high values in assessing selfefficacy; (2) Therapists have high values of self-compassion; (3) Therapists have a high level of self-compassion and a low level of self-criticism as indicated by the self-compassion sub-scales; (4) There is a direct relationship between self-efficacy and self-compassion; (5) Therapists with high level of self-compassion also have a high level of self-efficacy (6) The level of self-efficacy is influenced by age and professional experience. (7) The level of self-compassion is influenced by age and professional experience Conclusion: The two concepts discussed are important in relation to certain professional categories and under the auspices of situations considered stressful and with emotional burden.
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Pommier, Elizabeth, Kristin D. Neff, and István Tóth-Király. "The Development and Validation of the Compassion Scale." Assessment 27, no. 1 (September 13, 2019): 21–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1073191119874108.
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This article presents a measure of compassion for others called the Compassion Scale (CS), which is based on Neff’s theoretical model of self-compassion. Compassion was operationalized as experiencing kindness, a sense of common humanity, mindfulness, and lessened indifference toward the suffering of others. Study 1 ( n = 465) describes the development of potential scale items and the final 16 CS items chosen based on results from analyses using bifactor exploratory structural equation modeling. Study 2 ( n = 510) cross-validates the CS in a second student sample. Study 3 ( n = 80) establishes test–retest reliability. Study 4 ( n = 1,394) replicates results with a community sample, while Study 5 ( n = 172) replicates results with a sample of meditators. Study 6 ( n = 913) examines the finalized version of the CS in a community sample. Evidence regarding reliability, discriminant, convergent, construct, and known-groups validity for the CS is provided.
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Cunha, Marina, Ana Xavier, and Paula Castilho. "Understanding self-compassion in adolescents: Validation study of the Self-Compassion Scale." Personality and Individual Differences 93 (April 2016): 56–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2015.09.023.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Compassion scale"
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Hacker, Thomas. "The relational compassion scale : development and validation of a new self rated scale for the assessment of self-other compassion." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2008. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/462/.
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Objective: Previous research on the assessment of compassion focussed on self-reported self-compassion measures. This study reported on the development and evaluation of a new compassion scale that expands the previous conceptualisation by incorporating relational aspects of compassion. Methods: In an online study, 201 participants completed the relational compassion scale and a random sample of four questionnaires comprising measures of self-compassion, emotional approach coping, self-attacking/self-criticism and attachment. Moreover, the criterion-based validity of the scale was tested with an extreme group comparison design for which 30 Arts and Engineering students were recruited. Results: Consistent with a relational conceptualisation of compassion, findings supported a four-factor structure of the measure. Furthermore, the scale was positively correlated with measures of self-compassion, emotional approach coping, reassured self and a secure attachment style. However, the self to other compassion factor of the scale did not correlate with the self-attacking/self-criticism scale. Conclusions: Findings suggest that compassion can be conceptualised from within a relational framework. Moreover, this study indicates a need for further research investigating the relationship between self- and other-compassion in clinical samples and the interaction between different affect regulation systems.
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Farnsworth, Jacob K. "An Exploration of the Criterion and Construct Validity of the Self-Compassion Scale." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2014. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc699856/.
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Past research indicates that self-compassion has positive implications for psychological health and functioning. However, as a newly specified construct, the literature regarding self-compassion could benefit from a more thorough validation of the primary scale used in this area of research, the Self-Compassion Scale. In the present study, structural path analysis (using Amos) was used to explore the criterion validity of the SCS with four variables which have been theorized to be relevant to self-compassion (caregiver emotional responsiveness, fear of emotion, internalized spirituality, and achievement goal orientation). Initial hypothesis testing indicated support for the path model, with the exception of achievement goals which were not significantly associated with self-compassion. Trimming these paths in a subsequent analysis improved model fit. Interestingly, further analyses of the model indicated that the pairing of participant and parent gender produced substantial differences in path coefficients. Next, correlational and factor analytic methods were used to test the construct validity of the SCS. Correlational analyses found adequate convergent construct validity but some lack of divergent validity between SCS dimensions and conceptually similar constructs (i.e., fear of emotion, social connectedness and self-criticism). Confirmatory factor analysis indicated that a two-factor model fit the data better than the one-factor model proposed by the author of the SCS. The incremental validity of the two-factor model was supported by incorporating a two-factor SCS in the path analysis. In sum, these findings generally support the criterion validity of the SCS through meaningful associations with theoretically relevant variables but cautions that these associations are strongly influenced by gender. It is also strongly recommended that a two-factor model of the SCS be explored in further research to ascertain its incremental utility for understanding self-compassion’s positive effects on psychological health.
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MacBeth, Angus M. "The Narrative Compassion Scale : development and validation of an interview measure of compassion and recovery in complex mental health difficulties." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2011. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/2875/.
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Objectives: The ability to regulate affect in the face of stress has implications for recovery and chronicity in complex mental health problems such as schizophrenia and borderline personality disorder. In addition to adaptive integrating and maladaptive sealing over recovery styles it may be possible to delineate a further maladaptive recovery style of “ruminative preoccupation”. In addition, the capacity to compassionately relate to self and others may be linked to an recovery trajectories. The current study presents data on the utility of a Narrative Compassion Scale for recovery in a mixed clinical sample of individuals with diagnoses of psychotic disorder (with or without interpersonal violence) and Borderline Personality Disorder Design: A cross-sectional mixed methods design was used with a within subjects condition and three between subjects groups Methods: Forty-Three individuals were interviewed and transcripts coded with the Narrative Compassion Scale (NCS). Self-report measures of compassion, attachment, interpersonal problems and symptoms were completed. Symptomatology was also measured. Results: Three recovery styles were identified. Compassion was strongly positively correlated with Integration; and negatively correlated with Sealing Over. NCS compassion was unrelated to self-reported compassion, symptoms, interpersonal problems or attachment. Differential patterns of recovery emerged between clinical groups, with lower preoccupation and higher sealing-over in the psychosis with history of interpersonal violence group. Conclusions: The NCS is a promising narrative measure of recovery and compassionate responding. Implications are discussed in terms of a transdiagnostic understanding of recovery processes.
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Horwood, Victoria Charlotte Louise. "The development of the Compassion Focused Therapy Therapist Rating Scale (CFT-TRS)." Thesis, University of Leicester, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/40495.
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The literature review aimed to systematically review whether higher ratings of therapist competence predicted better treatment outcomes in cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT). A systematic search was completed of four electronic databases. A total of 16 relevant articles met inclusion criteria. Findings provided variable support for therapist competence predicting better treatment outcomes in CBT. However, the findings indicated a stronger link between competency and outcome in anxiety treatments. There was evidence that therapeutic alliance and therapist adherence may have influenced the link between therapist competence and outcome, and competencies such as 'structuring' and 'homework setting' were shown to be strongly related to outcome. Limitations of the included papers included small sample sizes, biases in the sampling of therapists and insufficient ratings of tapes to establish a reliable measure of therapist competence. Further research and ongoing review is needed that uses more robust methodologies. The aims of the research were to develop a useful measure of therapist competence in compassion focused-therapy (CFT) that could be used to assess therapist competence in research trials, clinical practice and training. Eleven experts were involved in the development of the CFT therapist competence scale (CFT-TRS). The Delphi method was used to develop and operationalise the competencies over five rounds. The CFT-TRS included 23 competencies and these were separated into fourteen CFT unique therapist competencies and nine microskills. There was high agreement about the included unique and generic competencies, however there were differences in opinion between experts about the content of items and item overlap. The scale can be used as a learning guide for delivering CFT, to assess therapist competence for CFT training courses or clinical practice, and to assess fidelity in research trials. Future research is required to understand and evaluate the psychometric properties of this scale.
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Sutton, Esther. "Evaluating the reliability and validity of the Self-Compassion Scale adapted for children." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/47039.
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This study introduces the Self-Compassion Scale adapted for Children (SCS-C) and presents psychometric findings regarding its reliability and validity. A sample of 382 students in 4th to 7th grade provided data on the SCS-C and measures of mindfulness, self-concept, indicators of well-being, empathic-related responding, and prosocial goals. Teachers provided data on students’ social and emotional competence and empathy/sympathy. Results indicated a two-factor structure for the SCS-C with negatively-worded items and positively-worded items forming two discrete subscales each with high internal consistency. As predicted, students’ scores on the SCS-C were significantly related to multiple indicators of social and emotional well-being, demonstrating preliminary evidence of convergent validity. In addition, scores on the SCS-C were found to differ across grade level, with students in 5th grade reporting higher scores on the SCS-C than students in 4th grade and students in 6th grade. This study provides insight into the factor structure of the SCS-C, as well as the relations of self-compassion to other indicators of social and emotional well-being in childhood and pre-adolescence. Limitations and future directions are discussed with regard to the relevance of the SCS-C for research and applications.
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Anderson, Azadeh. "Translation and Psychometric Evaluation of Neff’s Self-Compassion Scale in a Swedish Sample." Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för hälsa, vård och välfärd, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-44350.
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The self-compassion conceptualization developed by Neff (2003a, b) and its corresponding 26-item inventory (SCS) has gained interest in recent years. SCS have proven good validity and reliability, but its suggested six-factor model cannot always be replicated. Recent studies have shown a more promising two-factor model for the SCS. The aim of this study was to test the structural validity of a translated Swedish SCS in university students (n = 464; 22% men). The results showed good construct validity, test-retest and internal reliability (ICC = .97; α = .86). Partial confirmatory factor analysis could not confirm the six-factor model but did support the two-factor model consisting of a positively worded (self-compassionate attitude) and a negatively worded (self-critical attitude) factor. The modified scale (SCS-Swe22) showed good reliability and construct validity (ICC = .96; α = .89). Despite promising results, additional work is required to secure the structural construct of SCS-Swe22.
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Andréasson, Pär Daniel. "Validation of the Self-Compassion Scale: Correlations with the Beck Depression Inventory-II." DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2012. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/869.
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Self-compassion denotes a compassionate and empathic attitude toward oneself (Neff, 2003b). In the past decade, the Self-Compassion Scale (SCS) has been used to measure self-compassion in individuals and its effects on social, psychological, and physiological functioning. While many studies have found positive effects of high self- compassion showing promise for the use of the construct in clinical and empirical applications, there is a dearth of literature regarding the psychometric properties of the SCS. Furthermore, previous studies have not evaluated the individual subscales of the SCS as they relate to other inventories. This study evaluated the SCS and its subscales in relation the to the well-established Beck Depression Inventory II (BDI-II). The study included 142 undergraduate Cal Poly students who completed both the SCS and the BDI- II. As predicted, a statistically significant negative correlation was found between total SCS and BDI-II scores (r = -.57). Statistically significant negative correlations were also found between BDI-II total scores and the Self-Kindness (r = -.35), Common Humanity (r = -.37), and Mindfulness (r = -.35) subscales of the SCS. Statistically significant positive correlations were found with BDI-II total scores and the Self-Judgment (r = .49), Isolation (r = .59) and Over-Identified (r = .43) subscales of the SCS. This study evaluated the convergent and discriminant validity of the SCS and its subscales as compared to the BDI-II.
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Mutsonziwa, Itayi. "Ubuntu : development and validation of a scale to measure African humanism." Thesis, University of Pretoria, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/79761.
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Ubuntu is an African humanist philosophy described by the Nguni aphorism “umuntu ngumuntu ngabantu” which translates as a person is a person through other people. While Ubuntu has been a domain of extensive scholarly research, to date almost all of this work has been philosophical or conceptual; by contrast, there is a dearth of empirical research examining the nature of Ubuntu. Scholars provide indicator values, namely descriptive abstract nouns, of Ubuntu with no consistency in how the indicator values were derived because the concept lacks a clear definition. The challenges arising from the lack of a clear definition of Ubuntu can be attributed to the fact that there is no empirical research that has been conducted to develop a reliable and valid measure of Ubuntu.
This research operationalised Ubuntu by developing a psychometrically reliable and valid scale for measuring Ubuntu. The research established the underlying dimensions of Ubuntu. This thesis develops and validates a scale to measure Ubuntu using a mixed-methods, multiple study approach. First, a literature review identifies 82 indicator values of Ubuntu. Next, using focus groups, depth interviews, and q-sorting, three nascent components of Ubuntu emerge: humanness, interconnectedness, and compassion. Finally, across three quantitative studies, the scale is purified to seventeen items which exhibit a three-factor structure that is psychometrically reliable and valid. The Ubuntu scale has discriminant validity relative to a collectivism scale and demonstrates predictive validity in terms of charitable and altruistic behaviours.
This study contributes towards the development of theory through conceptualisation of Ubuntu. The current study utilised large sample sizes to replicate the factor structure, reliability, and construct validity of the measure including nomological validity assessment and measurement invariance.Thesis (DPhil)--University of Pretoria, 2020.
Gordon Institute of Business Science (GIBS)
DPhil
Unrestricted
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Barton, Jennifer Marie. "Investigating the Psychometric Properties of the Self-Compassion Scale: Using Confirmatory and Exploratory Factor Models." UNF Digital Commons, 2016. http://digitalcommons.unf.edu/etd/637.
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Self-compassion has quickly gained recognition for its many cognitive, emotional, and psychological benefits (Neff, 2003b). The Self-Compassion Scale (SCS; Neff, 2003a) is currently the only instrument measuring self-compassion and is commonly used. The current model contains six factors: self-kindness, self-judgment, common humanity, isolation, mindfulness, and over-identification. However, the SCS has recently come under fire due to limited evidence of its psychometric properties (Lopez et al., 2015). Researchers who have attempted to replicate the factor structure proposed by Neff have found mixed results using both exploratory and confirmatory methods. Our primary aim is to establish the factor structure of the SCS with a large, more representative sample. Thirteen samples (total n = 2,515) using the SCS were combined to demonstrate a more comprehensive approach to investigating the scales’ psychometric properties. A confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) demonstrated good model fit for the six-factor solution. However, little is known about how the SCS items naturally load together. A subsequent exploratory factor analysis (EFA) demonstrated lack of good model fit for the six-factor model; instead, a simpler, two-factor solution emerged. However, the twofactor model is inconsistent with the theoretical conceptualization of self-compassion. Future research should use more advanced statistical models to explain the multidimensionality of the SCS.
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Sandberg, Vilmer, and Simon Modig. "Relationen mellan mindfulness, självmedkänsla och upplevd stress bland universitetsstudenter." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för psykologi, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-115223.
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Stress är ett växande samhällsproblem och står för en tredjedel av alla sjukskrivningar i Sverige. Många företag uppger att de inte har metoder för att hantera stress. Därmed finns ett stort behov av effektiva metoder för detta. Mindfulness based stress reduction (MBSR) verkar vara en effektiv metod för att minska stress, men verkningsmekanismerna är ej helt fastställda. Både mindfulness och självmedkänsla förefaller kunna ha inverkan på stress. Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka vilken relation mindfulness och självmedkänsla har till upplevd stress bland universitetsstudenter samt om något av begreppen har en starkare relation till upplevd stress än det andra. Tre validerade självskattningsinstrument, Self-Compassion Scale (SCS), Five Facet Mindfulness Questionaire (FFMQ-S) och Perceived Stress Scale-14 (PSS-14), administrerades till 203 universitetsstudenter. I enlighet med förväntningarna fanns det ett statistiskt signifikant samband mellan FFMQ och SCS. Regressionsanalyser visade att både FFMQ och SCS predicerade poäng på PSS-14 och att SCS kunde predicera poäng på PSS-14 i högre grad än FFMQ. Kön var också en signifikant prediktor av poäng på PSS-14, men dess prediktiva värde var ej signifikant när FFMQ och SCS inkluderades i regressionsmodellen. Fyndet tyder på att självmedkänsla är en viktig del i hanteringen av stress och bidrar med en ledtråd i verkningsmekanismerna i MBSR och andra copingstrategier. Mer forskning behövs för att vidare utreda kausalitet och hur de olika komponenterna i självmedkänsla verkar på upplevd stress.Stress is a growing social problem which accounts for a third of all sick leave in Sweden. Many companies say they do not have methods to manage stress. Thus there is a great need for effective methods to manage stress with. Mindfulness Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) is an effective method to reduce stress, however the mechanisms are not completely understood. Research indicates that Self-compassion seems to have a significant role. Both mindfulness and self-compassion hence seems to be able to have an impact on stress. The purpose of this study is to examine what relationship mindfulness and self-compassion has with perceived stress, and if any of the concepts has a stronger relationship to perceived stress than the other. Three validated self-report instruments, Self-Compassion Scale (SCS), Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ) and Perceived Stress Scale-14 (PSS14), were administered to 203 university students. The collected data was analyzed with regression analysis. In line with expectations, mindfulness and self-compassion correlated. The results also indicated that both FFMQ and SCS can predict PSS-14 scores, and that scores on SCS could predict scores on PSS-14 to a greater extent than FFMQ could. Gender did also significantly predict scores on PSS-14, but it did not have any significant predictive value when SCS and FFMQ was included in the regression analysis. These findings suggests that self-compassion is an important part of managing stress and therefore might be a significant mechanism of action of MBSR and other coping strategies. More research is needed to further investigate causality, and the function of the various components of self-compassion on perceived stress.
Books on the topic "Compassion scale"
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Dacyl, Janina Wiktoria. Between compassion and realpolitik: In search of a general model of the responses of recipient countries to large-scale refugee flows with reference to the South-East Asian refugee crisis. Stockholm: University of Stockholm, Dept. of Political Science & Centre for Pacific Asian Studies, 1992.
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Kirby, James N. Compassion-Focused Parenting. Edited by Emma M. Seppälä, Emiliana Simon-Thomas, Stephanie L. Brown, Monica C. Worline, C. Daryl Cameron, and James R. Doty. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190464684.013.8.
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The parenting a child receives has profound long-term impacts on that child’s life. The rates of child maltreatment globally are high. Evidence-based parenting programs have been demonstrated to have positive impacts on improving parenting style, whilst reducing childhood social, emotional, and behavioral problems. However, uptake in parenting interventions remains low, and governments have been reluctant to provide evidence-based parenting on a wide scale. This chapter aims, first, to show how the adoption of a public health approach to parenting can be considered wide-scale compassionate action, one that will reduce rates of child maltreatment (suffering), which is also cost-effective. Second, I argue that the next generation of evidence-based parenting programs need to be grounded in evolved, caring motivational systems and affiliative emotion processing, which requires an understanding of the evolved processes involved in parent–offspring caring and brain functioning. This new approach to parenting, “compassion-focused parenting,” will be described.
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Martin, Daniel, and Yotam Heineberg. Social Dominance and Leadership. Edited by Emma M. Seppälä, Emiliana Simon-Thomas, Stephanie L. Brown, Monica C. Worline, C. Daryl Cameron, and James R. Doty. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190464684.013.35.
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Leadership is usually a mandatory component of business education. Here we used the model of transformational leadership, and operationalized leadership consistently with the Values in Action Leadership scale. Social dominance orientation is a hierarchical belief-system that attributes social rank, ranging from high to low. Business students have been found to have higher levels of Social Dominance Orientation (SDO. Accordingly, 371 working business students were sampled to establish the relationship between SDO and transformational leadership capacity. The mediational impact of compassion was assessed. This study found high levels of competitive and hierarchical world conceptualization was significantly and sometimes strongly negatively linked to these constructs (Martin et al., 2014). We also discuss preliminary results of an interpersonal compassion-based intervention. The research suggests the opportunity to broaden psychological well-being of employees with impactful interventions, since negative behaviors within an institution can raise healthcare costs and lower job performance.
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Condon, Paul, and David DeSteno. Enhancing Compassion. Edited by Emma M. Seppälä, Emiliana Simon-Thomas, Stephanie L. Brown, Monica C. Worline, C. Daryl Cameron, and James R. Doty. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190464684.013.22.
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Historically, social psychologists are known for demonstrating the power of situations to reduce compassionate impulses and prosocial behavior. The simple presence of other people, for example, can decrease the rates at which people act to help others. Yet more recent findings also point to the power of situations to evoke other-oriented emotional states that increase intentions and actions to help others and build relationships. In this chapter, we review the current social psychological literature on compassion and its role in shaping moral decision-making and relationship formation. We then turn to the burgeoning field of contemplative science and demonstrate the role of meditation practices in shaping prosocial character. In the end, this literature suggests that humans are amenable to situational forces that tip the scales in favor of compassionate responding. Moreover, such behaviors can be increased through simple, readily available meditation-based exercises.
Book chapters on the topic "Compassion scale"
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"Compassion Satisfaction Scale." In Encyclopedia of Quality of Life and Well-Being Research, 1129. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-0753-5_100685.
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"Trauma/Compassion Fatigue Scale." In Encyclopedia of Quality of Life and Well-Being Research, 6733. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-0753-5_104277.
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Kelly, Allison C., Kathryn E. Miller, Kiruthiha Vimalakanthan, Jessica R. Dupasquier, and Sydney Waring. "Compassion-Based Interventions to Facilitate Positive Body Image and Embodiment." In Handbook of Positive Body Image and Embodiment, edited by Tracy L. Tylka and Niva Piran, 265–76. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med-psych/9780190841874.003.0026.
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A growing number of interventions for body image and eating disorders now seek to build individuals’ capacities for self-compassion and other-compassion. Compassion-focused therapy (CFT) helps self-critical individuals to relate to themselves and others from a more compassionate mindset and to grow more comfortable receiving compassion from others. Though more empirical research is needed, preliminary studies revealed that in women with eating disorders, body image preoccupation, or the presence of overweight or obesity, CFT-based interventions can reduce eating pathology, decrease shame, improve body image, increase capacities for self-compassion and other-compassion, and improve health. In addition, mindfulness meditations that focus on the cultivation of self-compassion and other-compassion have been found to improve body image-related experiences, including body appreciation. It will be important to extend the extant research by conducting larger scale studies of compassion-based interventions in mixed-gender samples with a greater focus on assessing positive body image outcomes.
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Alaloglu, Gizem, and Basak Bahtiyar. "THE PREDICTIVE ROLES OF PERFECTIONISM, SELF-HANDICAPPING AND SELF-COMPASSION ON PSYCHOLOGICAL WELL–BEING." In Advances in Psychology and Psychological Trends, 204–16. inScience Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.36315/2021pad19.
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Perfectionism is a multidimensional concept and its role on psychological well-being has gained attention in recent literature. Theaim of the current study was to examinethe relationship of different dimensions of perfectionism with self-handicapping and self-compassionand to investigate their predictive roles onpsychological well-being. For this purpose, 653 volunteeredparticipants (360 females and 293 males) whose ages were between 18 and 50 (M= 24.90, SD= 7.57) were recruited from various cities in Turkey. For data collection, Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale (MPS), Self-Handicapping Scale (SHS), Self-Compassion Scale (SCS), Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI)and Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS)were administered. The findings indicated that self-compassion was negatively correlated with all perfectionism domains and self-handicapping. Moreover, self-handicapping was positively correlated with socially prescribed perfectionism, but negativelycorrelated withself-oriented perfectionism.The resultsof the hierarchical regression analyses revealedthat psychological symptoms were positively associated with socially prescribed perfectionism and self-handicapping, but negatively associated with self-compassion. Finally, satisfaction with life was found to be positively associated with self-oriented perfectionism and self-compassion, while negatively associated with socially prescribed perfectionism.These findings highlighted the importance of different aspectsof perfectionism regarding to psychological well-being and its related components.
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Wong, Agnes M. F. "What Are the Obstacles to Compassion?" In The Art and Science of Compassion, A Primer, 89–112. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780197551387.003.0006.
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In this chapter, the author examines the obstacles that impede the flow of compassion in three directions: for others, from others, and from self. Obstacles to compassion for others include insecure attachment style, personal identity, self-interests, social dominance orientation, moral judgment, confusing compassion with submissiveness or weakness, empathy fatigue, time pressure, and scale of suffering (including psychophysical numbing, pseudo-inefficacy, and prominence effect). Obstacles to receiving compassion from others include activation of grief responses, perceived weakness, and vulnerability. The author also looks at what inner compassion is and how self-criticism hinders it. Finally, the author also discusses the barriers to compassion that are unique to the healthcare environment, including self-recrimination and self-neglect, empathic distress and empathy fatigue, moral suffering, bullying, burnout, medical culture, and cognitive scarcity.
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Caso, Federica. "The Political Aesthetics of the Body of the Soldier in Pain." In Making War on Bodies, 54–73. Edinburgh University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/edinburgh/9781474446181.003.0003.
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This chapter explores the recent work of Australian artist Ben Quilty on combat fatigue and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) collected in the exhibition After Afghanistan. After Afghanistan presents a series of large-scale paintings of soldiers and veterans evoking the bodily imprints of combat fatigue and PTSD. The bodies are naked, in the grasp of sensations and emotions. The chapter argues that this work has an ambivalent relationship to militarisation, whereby it proposes an alternative iconography of the modern soldier which seeds transformative potentials against the militarisation of the body; simultaneously, however, the iconography of the body of the soldier in pain has been co-opted as a militarising technology that silences opposition and contestation to war in the name of compassion towards the soldiers.
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Tylka, Tracy L. "Body Appreciation." In Handbook of Positive Body Image and Embodiment, edited by Tracy L. Tylka and Niva Piran, 22–32. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med-psych/9780190841874.003.0003.
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This chapter reviews body appreciation, which involves holding favorable opinions of the body regardless of actual physical appearance, accepting the body despite perceived imperfections, respecting the body by attending to its needs and engaging in healthy behaviors, and protecting the body by rejecting unrealistic societal appearance ideals. The chapter first presents the measurement of this construct, the original and revised Body Appreciation Scale (the BAS and BAS-2), which yield evidence of reliability and validity in samples across different cultures. Next, the chapter reviews the research on body appreciation, documenting its adaptive links to many indices of psychological well-being and physical health, such as positive affect; life satisfaction; intuitive eating; self-compassion; physical activity (yoga, modern and belly dance); sexual and reproductive health; and physical self-care. Its role as a protective factor against media exposure is also discussed. Last, clinical considerations and directions for future research are presented.
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Resch, Elyse, and Tracy L. Tylka. "Intuitive Eating." In Handbook of Positive Body Image and Embodiment, edited by Tracy L. Tylka and Niva Piran, 68–79. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med-psych/9780190841874.003.0008.
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Intuitive eating involves being connected to, trusting in, and responding to the body’s internal hunger and satiety cues. This chapter first details the 10 principles of intuitive eating. Next, the chapter reviews the original and revised Intuitive Eating Scale (the IES and IES-2, respectively), which have been shown to yield reliable and valid scores in samples across different cultures. The chapter then discusses research and interventions on intuitive eating, revealing that it is an adaptive way of eating and living. The chapter ends with seven insights gleaned from intuitive eating research that can be used to situate and guide future investigations. Specifically, intuitive eating is grounded in body acceptance, is dependent on trust in internal body cues, is sabotaged for some individuals, is nurtured in autonomy-supportive environments, is intricately connected to self-compassion, can be taught (even among those with eating disorders), and is not positively associated with overeating.
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Yager, Zali. "Promoting Positive Body Image and Embodiment in Schools." In Handbook of Positive Body Image and Embodiment, edited by Tracy L. Tylka and Niva Piran, 346–59. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med-psych/9780190841874.003.0033.
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Body image programming has been implemented in schools to varying degrees of success, but to date, no programs specific to positive body image have been developed and evaluated. This chapter reviews programs that have been effective in improving body image to determine whether the elements of positive body image and embodiment have been present in program content. Some elements of positive body image, such as media literacy and critiquing stereotypes, were present in all five programs conducted with children (<12 years), and all eight programs conducted with adolescents (13–18 years). Additionally, agency (through activism and voice) and broadly conceptualizing beauty were often present in children’s programs, and resisting objectification and agency were often present in adolescent programs. Only one program included the Body Appreciation Scale as a measure of program effectiveness. Potential future directions for programs are discussed, including the incorporation of positive movement, mindfulness, and self-compassion.
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Calogero, Rachel M., Tracy L. Tylka, Beth Hartman McGilley, and Kelly N. Pedrotty-Stump. "Attunement with Exercise (AWE)." In Handbook of Positive Body Image and Embodiment, edited by Tracy L. Tylka and Niva Piran, 80–90. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med-psych/9780190841874.003.0009.
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This chapter draws from the authors’ clinical work with women with eating disorders, as well as theories of embodiment and mindfulness, to reveal the attunement with exercise (AWE) construct. AWE represents physical activities that shift away from dysfunctional forms of exercise to cultivate more positively embodied physical experiences, such as mindful attention, self-compassion, self-acceptance, joyful movement, body connection, and reliance on internal cues to determine when, what, where, why, and how to exercise. The chapter reviews the conceptual model of AWE, which entails exercising from a foundation of safety, focusing on the process of exercise rather than any outcome, and experiencing joy from exercise. Next, the chapter introduces the AWE Scale, which has been shown to yield reliable and valid scores in community and college samples of women and men. The chapter ends with a discussion of how to cultivate AWE as an embodied practice, with yoga provided as an illustration.
Reports on the topic "Compassion scale"
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HEFNER, Robert. IHSAN ETHICS AND POLITICAL REVITALIZATION Appreciating Muqtedar Khan’s Islam and Good Governance. IIIT, October 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.47816/01.001.20.
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Ours is an age of pervasive political turbulence, and the scale of the challenge requires new thinking on politics as well as public ethics for our world. In Western countries, the specter of Islamophobia, alt-right populism, along with racialized violence has shaken public confidence in long-secure assumptions rooted in democracy, diversity, and citizenship. The tragic denouement of so many of the Arab uprisings together with the ascendance of apocalyptic extremists like Daesh and Boko Haram have caused an even greater sense of alarm in large parts of the Muslim-majority world. It is against this backdrop that M.A. Muqtedar Khan has written a book of breathtaking range and ethical beauty. The author explores the history and sociology of the Muslim world, both classic and contemporary. He does so, however, not merely to chronicle the phases of its development, but to explore just why the message of compassion, mercy, and ethical beauty so prominent in the Quran and Sunna of the Prophet came over time to be displaced by a narrow legalism that emphasized jurisprudence, punishment, and social control. In the modern era, Western Orientalists and Islamists alike have pushed the juridification and interpretive reification of Islamic ethical traditions even further. Each group has asserted that the essence of Islam lies in jurisprudence (fiqh), and both have tended to imagine this legal heritage on the model of Western positive law, according to which law is authorized, codified, and enforced by a leviathan state. “Reification of Shariah and equating of Islam and Shariah has a rather emaciating effect on Islam,” Khan rightly argues. It leads its proponents to overlook “the depth and heights of Islamic faith, mysticism, philosophy or even emotions such as divine love (Muhabba)” (13). As the sociologist of Islamic law, Sami Zubaida, has similarly observed, in all these developments one sees evidence, not of a traditionalist reassertion of Muslim values, but a “triumph of Western models” of religion and state (Zubaida 2003:135). To counteract these impoverishing trends, Khan presents a far-reaching analysis that “seeks to move away from the now failed vision of Islamic states without demanding radical secularization” (2). He does so by positioning himself squarely within the ethical and mystical legacy of the Qur’an and traditions of the Prophet. As the book’s title makes clear, the key to this effort of religious recovery is “the cosmology of Ihsan and the worldview of Al-Tasawwuf, the science of Islamic mysticism” (1-2). For Islamist activists whose models of Islam have more to do with contemporary identity politics than a deep reading of Islamic traditions, Khan’s foregrounding of Ihsan may seem unfamiliar or baffling. But one of the many achievements of this book is the skill with which it plumbs the depth of scripture, classical commentaries, and tasawwuf practices to recover and confirm the ethic that lies at their heart. “The Quran promises that God is with those who do beautiful things,” the author reminds us (Khan 2019:1). The concept of Ihsan appears 191 times in 175 verses in the Quran (110). The concept is given its richest elaboration, Khan explains, in the famous hadith of the Angel Gabriel. This tradition recounts that when Gabriel appeared before the Prophet he asked, “What is Ihsan?” Both Gabriel’s question and the Prophet’s response make clear that Ihsan is an ideal at the center of the Qur’an and Sunna of the Prophet, and that it enjoins “perfection, goodness, to better, to do beautiful things and to do righteous deeds” (3). It is this cosmological ethic that Khan argues must be restored and implemented “to develop a political philosophy … that emphasizes love over law” (2). In its expansive exploration of Islamic ethics and civilization, Khan’s Islam and Good Governance will remind some readers of the late Shahab Ahmed’s remarkable book, What is Islam? The Importance of Being Islamic (Ahmed 2016). Both are works of impressive range and spiritual depth. But whereas Ahmed stood in the humanities wing of Islamic studies, Khan is an intellectual polymath who moves easily across the Islamic sciences, social theory, and comparative politics. He brings the full weight of his effort to conclusion with policy recommendations for how “to combine Sufism with political theory” (6), and to do so in a way that recommends specific “Islamic principles that encourage good governance, and politics in pursuit of goodness” (8).