Relevant bibliographies by topics / Comparison (Philosophy)

Academic literature on the topic 'Comparison (Philosophy)'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 August 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Comparison (Philosophy)"

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Saler, Benson. "COMPARISON: SOME SUGGESTIONS FOR IMPROVING THE INEVITABLE." Numen 48, no. 3 (2001): 267–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156852701752245569.

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AbstractSchema theory and other facets of the cognitive sciences remind us that certain of the intellectual processes of the human brain are crucially comparative. In that comparison is ineluctable in monitoring the world and in coming to understand newly encountered events, then perhaps we can consciously improve on what is cognitively inevitable. It is suggested here that if we deliberately move from what the philosopher H.H. Price calls "the Philosophy of Universals" to what he terms "the Philosophy of Resemblances," our comparisons are likely to become more realistic, both existentially and cognitively. Further, in applying the Philosophy of Resemblances in both cross-cultural and cross-species comparisons, we may better tame the ethnocentric language of the former and the anthropocentric language of the latter in their respective efforts to transcend conceptualized boundaries in order to make comparisons.
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Marcotte-Chenard, Sophie. "What Can We Learn from Political History? Leo Strauss and Raymond Aron, Readers of Thucydides." Review of Politics 80, no. 1 (2018): 57–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0034670517000778.

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AbstractThrough a comparison of Leo Strauss's and Raymond Aron's interpretations of Thucydides's history, this paper sheds light on the relationship between political history and political philosophy. In continuing the dialogue between the two thinkers, I demonstrate that in spite of their opposed views on modern historical consciousness, they converge in a defense of the object and method of classical political history. However, there is a deeper disagreement regarding the relationship between philosophy and politics. While Strauss makes the case for the compatibility of classical political history and classical political philosophy on the grounds that Thucydides is a “philosophic historian,” Aron argues that it is precisely because Thucydides is not a philosopher that he succeeds in understanding an essential feature of political things, namely, contingency in history.
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Muheramtohadi, Singgih. "PERBANDINGAN ANTARA FILSAFAT EKONOMI ISLAM DAN BARAT." JURNAL STIE SEMARANG 10, no. 3 (November 1, 2018): 73–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.33747/stiesmg.v10i3.211.

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Economic philosophy is an undeveloped theme in department of economy. Whereas during the 20th Century there is a clash of two big ideologies that caused by differences in economic philosophy, they are the capitalism and the socialism. These Two big streams often used as comparison object. This Writing, look at the two big streams in a same frame, that is the thought that arise in western worldview which different with Islamic worldview. So it is interesting to study the comparison between philosophy of Islamic economic and western economic through branchs of philosopy, they are ontology, epistemology and axiology.
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Iveković, Rada. "Coincidences of Comparison." Hypatia 15, no. 4 (2000): 224–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1527-2001.2000.tb00364.x.

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Rada Iveković reflects on the significance of modernity in contemporary Indian philosophy. Where the orient has been figured as the other for western philosophers, she asks how Indian philosophy depicts the west, how philosophers such as Kant have been interpreted, and how thematics such as pluralism, tolerance, relativity, innovation, and curiosity about the foreign have been figured in both ancient and contemporary Indian philosophy. While working on the western side with such authors as Lyotard, Deleuze, Serres, or Irigaray, Iveković doesn't exactly indulge in comparative philosophy. Rather, she tries to make the most of the existing “coincidences,” using both western and Asian thought in order to open a new area for the production of concepts and a new field for philosophy in general.
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Aliu, Ylber. "Comparison of Plato’s Political Philosophy with Aristotle’s Political Philosophy." Urban Studies and Public Administration 1, no. 1 (April 18, 2018): 35. http://dx.doi.org/10.22158/uspa.v1n1p35.

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<pre><em>The purpose of this study is to identify the similarities and differences between the political philosophy of<br />Plato and political philosophy of Aristotle. Such comparative study is very important for political<br />thought in general. The main significance of this paper is the precise meaning of the political philosophy<br />of Plato and political philosophy of Aristotle, as well as the meaning of differences and similarities.<br />Often, Plato’s political ideas appear as Aristotle political ideas, and Aristotle’s political ideas appear as<br />Plato’s political ideas. The main method of study in this paper is the comparison method. The ancient<br />political debate between Plato and Aristotle is important to modern political philosophy as it is the basis<br />of modern political theories. The data for paper are taken from the books of these two authors. The<br />political philosophy of Plato and Aristotle, although they have similarities in some points, but differ in<br />many other issues, such as: different categories of political analysis, different methodologies of policy<br />study, and different reasons for state creation, different opinions why democracy is a bad form of<br />government and why aristocracy is the right form.</em></pre>
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周, 灵. "Comparison and Integration of Marxist Philosophy and Chinese Traditional Philosophy." Advances in Philosophy 11, no. 04 (2022): 628–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.12677/acpp.2022.114112.

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王, 紫骄. "Comparison of Alienation Thought in Marxist Philosophy and Laozi Philosophy." Advances in Philosophy 13, no. 05 (2024): 941–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.12677/acpp.2024.135141.

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Deng, Xiyu. "A Comparison Between Anaximeness Arche and the Wuxing in the Hongfan." Communications in Humanities Research 13, no. 1 (November 20, 2023): 131–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.54254/2753-7064/13/20230261.

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While there are numerous similarities between Chinese philosophy and Western philosophy, there are also significant differences that make them extremely distinct from each other. The views of Milesian philosopher Anaximenes and the Wuxing () in pre-Qin Chinese philosophy can be taken as examples, though they are rarely compared together. In actuality, their understandings of natural substances and how air (psyche) or Qi () changes between substances present a framework that is very comparable. But from these comparable frames, two different modes of functioning finally developed. As an illustration, this paper will contrast Wuxing in Hongfan () with arche in Anaximeness ideas. Starting with the natural materials that are present in both philosophies, this paper compares them through textual analysis. According to the definitions and orientations provided by the two philosophies, conclusions can be drawn that Wuxing emphasizes relevance and people, whereas Anaximenes concentrates on the search for the most fundamental principle and the supreme power in the universe.
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Šijaković, Jovana. "The Husband of Philosophy." Philotheos 22, no. 1 (2022): 5–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/philotheos20222211.

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The paper highlights some related features of allegorical interpretations of Odysseus and Abraham. Both figures were interpreted as souls on a quest. The affinity between exegetical depic­tions of these quests may have prompted the later synthesis of ancient readings regarding Odys­seus’ intellectual pursuits. The comparison of Penelope and her maids to philosophy and lesser dis­ciplines influenced Philo’s image of Abraham as the husband of wisdom, and the mirror image of Philo himself as the husband of philosophy. There are grounds to question whether Philo’s exegesis subsequently formed a background against which Odysseus’ pursuits were expounded. Among the similarities between his Abraham and Eustathios’ Odysseus the philosopher, the portrayal of these characters as stargazers is the most conspicuous.
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Smirnov, Mikhail A. "Ontology of Substances and Ontology of Facts: back to Comparison." RUDN Journal of Philosophy 27, no. 2 (June 21, 2023): 345–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2313-2302-2023-27-2-345-360.

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The purpose of this work is to characterize clearly the early Wittgenstein’s position in context of the contemporary discussions between the adherers of classical ontology, based on the notion of substance, and its detractors. The Aristotle’s ousiology is usually regarded as a locus classicus of substantial ontology. A noticeable tendency in the contemporary philosophy is the rejective stance towards the notion of substance and towards the vision of the reality as the ‘totality of things’ ( summa rerum ). This trend goes through the 20th century (B. Russell, etc.) and is prominent in the philosophy of the 21th century. Wittgenstein, who calls the world the totality of facts, not of things, is sustainably regarded in the secondary literature as a herald of a non-classical way of thought, presented in his ontology of facts - a radical alternative to substantial ontology. However, how can this claim cohere with the active usage of the classical substantialism terms, going back to Aristotle, in the “Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus”? In order to answer this question, it’s advisably to address, as the starting point of the analysis, the work of B. Wolniewicz comparing Wittgensteinian ontology to Aristotelian ontology and pointing out not only difference, but also parallelism between them. In the present paper, it’s shown that some of Wolniewicz’s remarks are valuable, but the overall view of the problem should be corrected and supplemented taking into account nuances of both Aristotelian and Wittgensteinian ontologies. Having in mind the results of this analysis, one can read the early Wittgenstein’s philosophy as a statement about the role of the classical forms of thought for a philosopher proposing a non-classical worldview, which helps to elucidate the structure of the contemporary ontological discussions.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Comparison (Philosophy)"

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Bale, Alan Clinton. "The universal scale and the semantics of comparison /." Thesis, McGill University, 2006. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=102479.

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Comparative constructions allow individuals to be compared according to different properties. Such comparisons form two classes, those that permit direct, comparisons (comparisons of measurements as in Seymour is taller than he is wide) and those that only allow indirect comparisons (comparisons of relative positions on separate scales as in Esme is more beautiful than Einstein is intelligent). Traditionally, these two types of comparisons have been associated with an ambiguity in the interpretations of the comparative and equative morphemes (see, Bartsch & Vennemann, 1972; Kennedy, 1999). In this thesis, I propose that there is no such ambiguity. The interpretations of the comparative and equative morphemes remain the same whether they appear in sentences that compare individuals directly or relative to two separate scales. To develop a unified account, I suggest that all comparisons involve a scale of universal degrees that are isomorphic to the rational (fractional) numbers between 0 and 1. All comparative and equative constructions are assigned an interpretation based on a comparison of such degrees. These degrees are associated with the two individuals being compared. Crucial to a unified treatment, the connection between individuals and universal degrees involves two steps. First individuals are mapped to a value on a primary scale that respects the ordering of such individuals according to the quality under consideration (whether it be height, beauty or intelligence). Second, this value on the primary scale is mapped to a universal degree that encodes the value's relative position with respect to other values. It is the ability of iv the universal degrees to encode positions on a primary scale that enables comparative and equative morphemes to either compare individuals directly or indirectly. A direct comparison results if measurements such as seven feet participate in the gradable property (as in Seven feet is tall). Such participation can sometimes result in an isomorphism between two primary scales and the ordering of measurements in a measurement system. When this occurs, comparing positions in the primary scales is equivalent to comparing measurements. If this type of isomorphism cannot be established then the sentence yields an indirect comparison.
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Buck, J. M. "Monatism and Pentecostalism : A comparison." Thesis, University of Manchester, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.374527.

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Clifford, Hywel C. "Theology in Deutero-Isaiah and Presocratic philosophy : a comparison." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.431015.

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Schmidt, Erik Wolfgang Stocker Michael. "Beyond comparison: incomparability and the psychology of choice." Related Electronic Resource: Current Research at SU : database of SU dissertations, recent titles available full text, 2003. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/syr/main.

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Chang, Ruth. "Incomparability and practical reason." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1997. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:74dd9fa8-ad30-4652-b212-1f63985a3aa7.

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In this thesis I aim to answer two questions: Are alternatives for choice ever incomparable? and, In what ways can items be compared? I argue that there is no incomparability among bearers of value and that the ways in which items can be compared are richer and more varied than commonly supposed. The two questions are closely related; in arguing against incomparability a positive picture of comparability emerges. The case against incomparability is a case for a new conception of comparability more capacious than has been traditionally conceived. This 'broad' conception of comparability has three distinctive features: it distinguishes incomparability from noncomparability, it includes the possibility of 'emphatic' comparability, or comparisons between 'higher' and 'lower' goods; and it makes logical space for a fourth generic value relation - what I shall call 'on a par' - beyond the standard trichotomy of relations of 'better than', 'worse than', and 'equally good'. Each of these features arises out of defects of certain incomparabilist arguments. Indeed, the approach to the broad conception of comparability via examination of incomparabilist arguments makes clear that much of the intuitive pull of incomparability depends on a narrow and impoverished conception of comparability. Investigation of comparability and incomparability is motivated by a proposed substantive account of practical justification according to which there can be no justified choice without the comparability of the alternatives. The existence of widespread incomparability, then, undermines the rationality of practical life. This thesis' argument against incomparability and for a broad conception of comparability serves to vindicate the role of practical reason in choice.
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Wojcikiewicz, Andrzej. "Comparison of hypnotic and relaxation stress management procedures with competitive fencers." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/4852.

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Baker, Ian. "What money can't buy : the status of financial evaluation." University of Western Australia. School of Humanities, 2008. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2008.0161.

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Morton, Luise H. "Theories of three conceptual artists : a critique and comparison." Virtual Press, 1985. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/425069.

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Conceptual Art emerged as an international, avant-garde art movement in the mid-60s. Attacking the prevailing aesthetics of modern art, Conceptual artists claim that art lies not in the object itself but in the artist's idea or intention. Their asserted goals have been to combine theory with art and to eliminate the need for form in artworks. The purpose of this study was to examine and critique the key theoretical writings of three artists whose works have been recognized by the critics as significant and seminal for the Conceptual Art Movement: Joseph Kosuth, Sol LeWitt, and Terry Atkinson.Historical aspects relevant to this study included the following: (i) early twentieth-century antecedents of Conceptual Art; (ii) recent avant-garde movements of the 60s and 70s; (iii) the history and nature of the concept theories of Kosuth, LeWitt, and Atkinson; (ii) a critiqueof t ese theories in terms of their consistency and viabi ity for generating art; (iii) a comparison of Conceptual Art theories with both commonly accepted theories of art and more radical aesthetic theories of contemporary philosophers.Upon completion of this study, it was concluded that despite many ideological differences, Kosuth, LeWitt, and Atkinson agree on two key notions: (i) the locus of the "work of art" is not a physical object; and (ii) it is the artist's idea which alone accounts for the significance of an artwork. Their arguments in support of these notions are unsatisfactory. Longstanding issues in aesthetics, viz., the problems of defining art and evaluating its significance, are not resolved. The critics' acclaim of the writings critiqued in this study must therefore rest on extrinsic features such as the prestige of the artists, the relevance of the content of the writings to dominant trends in contemporary art, and the potential historical significance of their challenges to established views about art and aesthetics.
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Evans, Robert A. "An Aesthetic Attitude: An East - West Comparison of Bullough and Nishida." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1274279326.

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Antonio, Edward Phillip. "The dialectic of context and liberation : a comparison between Black and African theologies." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.358362.

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Books on the topic "Comparison (Philosophy)"

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Reyna, Jaime Ortega. Leer El Capital, teorizar la política: Contrapunteo de la obra de Enrique Dussel y Bolívar Echeverría en tres momentos. Mexico: Centro de Investigaciones Interdisciplinarias en Ciencias y Humanidades, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 2018.

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Asscher, Maarten. Appels en peren: Lof van de vergelijking. Amsterdam: Uitgeverij Augustus, 2013.

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Maria, Donzelli, ed. Comparatismi e filosofia. Napoli: Liguori, 2006.

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Mineshima, Hideo. Hikaku shisō o dō toraeru ka. Tōkyō: Hokuju Shuppan, 1988.

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1965-, Yi Chong-sŏng, ed. Chungguk kwa Hanʼguk ŭi chʻŏrhakchŏk sayu chŏntʻong. Taejŏn Kwangyŏksi: Simji, 2004.

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Dorst, Kees. Describing design: A comparison of paradigms. Rotterdam: Kees Dorst, 1997.

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Jakóbczyk, Stanisław. Porównywanie: O procedurach naukowych filologii. Poznań: Wydawn. Nauk. Uniwersytetu im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu, 1990.

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Jucquois, Guy. Le comparatisme. Louvain-la-Neuve: Peeters, 1989.

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Pierre, Swiggers, ed. Moments et mouvements dans l'histoire de la linguistique. Louvain-la-Neuve: Peeters, 1990.

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B, Henderson John. Scripture, canon, and commentary: A comparison of Confucian andwestern exegesis. Princeton, N.J: Princeton University Press, 1991.

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Book chapters on the topic "Comparison (Philosophy)"

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Knepper, Timothy D. "Formal Comparison." In The Ends of Philosophy of Religion, 99–117. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137324412_5.

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Rasmussen, Lisa M. "Organ Donation Incentives: A Multicultural Comparison." In Philosophy and Medicine, 263–73. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-29239-2_15.

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Engdahl, Elisabet. "A Comparison with EST-GB." In Studies in Linguistics and Philosophy, 259–83. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-5323-9_5.

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Read, Rupert. "Objects of Comparison to the Real (Philosophical?) Discovery." In Wittgenstein’s Liberatory Philosophy, 188–205. New York, NY : Routledge, 2021.: Routledge, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003090977-6.

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Pejović, Časlav. "Common Law and Civil Law Systems: A Comparison." In Encyclopedia of the Philosophy of Law and Social Philosophy, 496–503. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-6519-1_1119.

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Meier, Cécile. "On von Stechow’s “Comparing Semantic Theories of Comparison”." In Studies in Linguistics and Philosophy, 407–29. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-85308-2_21.

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De Mesel, Benjamin. "On Wittgenstein’s Comparison of Philosophical Methods to Therapies." In The Later Wittgenstein and Moral Philosophy, 31–47. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-97619-8_2.

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Culham, Tom, and Jing Lin. "A Brief Comparison of Daoist Philosophy and the Enlightenment." In Daoist Cultivation of Qi and Virtue for Life, Wisdom, and Learning, 69–79. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-44947-6_7.

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Ding, Yun. "Political Comparison Between Philosophy and Theology: On Plato’s Symposium." In Confucianism and Enlightenment, 97–109. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-5471-1_8.

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Candiotto, Laura. "Socratic Dialogue: A Comparison Between Ancient and Contemporary Method." In Encyclopedia of Educational Philosophy and Theory, 1–8. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-287-532-7_367-1.

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Conference papers on the topic "Comparison (Philosophy)"

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Li, Ning. "On Sign and Information - a Comparison of Philosophy of Technology and Philosophy of Information." In ISIS Summit Vienna 2015—The Information Society at the Crossroads. Basel, Switzerland: MDPI, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/isis-summit-vienna-2015-s2023.

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Long, Qihan. "A Comparison between Ancient Greek and Chinese Philosophy on Politics." In Proceedings of the 2018 3rd International Conference on Modern Management, Education Technology, and Social Science (MMETSS 2018). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/mmetss-18.2018.89.

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Broszat, Dominik U., Martin Höger, Andeas Marn, Thorsten Selic, Florian Schönleitner, and Franz Heitmeir. "Acoustic Comparison of Different Turbine Exit Guide Vane Designs - Part 1: Design Philosophy and Numerical Predictions." In 21st AIAA/CEAS Aeroacoustics Conference. Reston, Virginia: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2015-2822.

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"The Response of Confucianism to the Spiritual Crisis of Modernity--And its Comparison with Western Philosophy." In 2018 International Conference on Culture, Literature, Arts & Humanities. Francis Academic Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.25236/icclah.18.074.

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Wang, Huijie. "Suggestion on Chinese High Education Reform Based on the Comparison of Education Philosophy Between China and America." In 2021 4th International Conference on Humanities Education and Social Sciences (ICHESS 2021). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.211220.438.

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Woollatt, G., D. Lippett, P. C. Ivey, P. Timmis, and B. A. Charnley. "The Design, Development and Evaluation of 3D Aerofoils for High Speed Axial Compressors: Part 2 — Simulation and Comparison With Experiment." In ASME Turbo Expo 2005: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2005-68793.

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The focus of this paper is to report on measurements from and simulation of Cranfield University’s 3-stage high-speed axial compressor test rig. This newly built rig is supported by European Commission funding and has tested a set of conventionally stacked 2D rotor and stator blades (Reference 1). The results were used to evaluate and to assess the performance of several commercially available CFD codes leading to the collaborative design of an advanced three-dimensional blade set. The philosophy behind the advanced design is described. The datum test results show that the state of the art, highly loaded, datum compressor is well matched with limited potential for loss reduction. A comparison is made between the measured results and a series of numerical analyses using the various CFD codes. Although the codes showed reasonable qualitative agreement with each other and the measured data, there were significant differences in the predicted performance of the datum build. Further the codes were unable to grade candidate redesigns consistently on a quantitative basis and therefore increased the difficulty of selecting suitable ‘3d’ features. Generic studies involving sweep, lean and recambering are used to evolve a design philosophy for the advanced three-dimensional design. Over cambering of the end-wall sections, coupled with a suitable stack of the blades, enables the blade count to be reduced. In the presence of a clearance combinations of sweep and lean are used to modify the loading in the clearance gap, thereby influencing the associated losses. The application of three-dimensional features redistributes the flow. The opportunity is therefore taken to rematch the sections based on the predicted results of the CFD codes. The above philosophy is used in the redesign of the datum compressor. Overall characteristics and exit traverse results from the test of the advanced build are compared to those from the datum build.
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Panova, N. "THE IDEAL OF SOCIAL STRUCTURE IN RUSSIAN RELIGIOUS PHILOSOPHY OF THE 19th-20th CENTURIES." In EXPONENTS OF SOCIAL AGGRESSION: GENERAL HUMANITARIAN DISCOURSES. FSBE Institution of Higher Education Voronezh State University of Forestry and Technologies named after G.F. Morozov, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.34220/esaghd2022_83-86.

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Abstract: the theses present a comparison of the basic ideals of the social structure of Russian religious thinkers of the 19th-20th centuries and the spiritual and ideological position of psychologist and teacher E. A. Sokolskaya. A parallel is drawn between the Christian values of social community and modern holistic principles of social interdependence in the context of spiritual and psychological self-regulation.
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Peterson, Matthew, and Joshua D. Summers. "Recommended Methods Supporting Adoption of the Agile Philosophy for Hardware Development." In ASME 2021 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2021-70621.

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Abstract The objective of this research is to understand the historical evolution of software development, identify desirable characteristics of methods supporting agile for hardware, and recommend potential methods enabling agile development of hardware products. As technology and markets change, product development increasingly operates in a volatile, uncertain, complex, and ambiguous (VUCA) environment. While originally applied to software development, organizations are starting to see opportunity in adapting the agile philosophy for hardware development. A comparison of philosophies is made between waterfall, spiral, and agile development. The historical evolutions of software development, after agile, including Continuous Integration Continuous Deployment (CICD), Development and Operations (DevOps), and Development Security and Operations (DevSecOps) is presented. Benefits and challenges in the application of agile methods for hardware are presented. Benefits include improvements in flexibility in response to change and soft factors such as team communication, transparency and commitment. However, many challenges still remain. These are grouped into theme areas including lack of product flexibility, difficulty in separating deliverables, challenges with breaking down tasks within a sprint, changes needed in culture and mindset, difficulty scaling beyond pilot programs, team distribution, and development of an integrated approach across the product lifecycle. Potential methods to aid in the adoption of agile for hardware are discussed using the phases of the hardware development lifecycle as a framework. Recommended methods include the adaptation of Model Based Systems Engineering (MBSE) for problem definition, the use of generative methods for design, the application of Virtual Reality (VR) for prototyping, leveraging additive manufacturing for production, and favoring software defined systems to help in operations. By reducing both the duration and person-hours, these methods enable higher iteration rates for hardware products needed for an agile philosophy. The paper concludes with a discussion on future research efforts supporting the enabling agile development of hardware.
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Faidy, Claude. "French Codes Used for EPR and Comparison With ASME Practices." In 16th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone16-48959.

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On December 2005, the French regulator issued a new regulation for French nuclear power plants, in particular for pressure equipment (PE). This regulation need first to agree with non-nuclear PE regulation and add to that some specific requirements, in particular radiation protection requirements. Different advantages are in these proposal, it’s more qualitative risk oriented and it’s an important link with non-nuclear industry. Only few components are nuclear specific. But, the general philosophy of the existing Codes (RCC-M, KTA or ASME) have to be improved. For foreign Codes, it’s plan to define the differences in the user specifications. In parallel to that, a new safety classification has been developed by French utility. The consequences is the need to cross all these specifications to define a minimum quality level for each components or systems. In the same time a new concept has been developed to replace the well known “Leak Before Break methodology” by the “Break Exclusion” methodology. This paper will summarize the key aspects of these different topics and regularly compare with ASME practices.
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Leong, Alan, and Robert P. Smith. "An Observational Study of Design Team Process: A Comparison of Student and Professional Engineers." In ASME 1997 Design Engineering Technical Conferences. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc97/dtm-3892.

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Abstract Fifteen groups composed of engineering students and professionals were videotaped while performing a simulated design task. Using interaction analysis, it was found that professional teams were more likely to engage in management activities, outline an overall design philosophy, and not overlook detailed specifications. Professional teams also adhered tentatively to the early design artifacts; early design attempts were viewed as experiments for acquiring more information about the design space. Student teams were much more likely to engage in a generate and test pattern throughout their design process, making incremental improvements to their current artifact. Although the number of groups was small, these patterns were strong and the differences were statistically significant. It is suggested that these differences are useful for guiding how engineers are educated and for understanding whether students should be used as experimental subjects in engineering design research.
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Reports on the topic "Comparison (Philosophy)"

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Sabel, Charles. Developing Economies as Toyota Production Systems: Why the Analogy Makes Sense, How It Can Inform Industrial Policy. Inter-American Development Bank, November 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0006841.

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This presentation discusses developing economies in Latin America as compared to the Toyota Production System (TPS), an integrated socio-technical system, developed by Toyota, that comprises its management philosophy and practices. A comparison of INTA in Argentina and elsewhere is given. The author finds that the current production design and set up are provisional, but can be incrementally improved by benchmarking, error detection and correction. This presentation was presented at the Latin America/Caribbean and Asia/Pacific Economics and Business Association (LAEBA)'s 2nd Annual Meeting held in Buenos Aires, Argentina on November 28th-29th, 2005.
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Svedeman. L51732 Fitness for Purpose Assessment Procedures for Sleeve Welds in Pipelines-Summary Report. Chantilly, Virginia: Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), December 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0010265.

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Weld flaw acceptance criteria in the main body of the API 1104 pipeline code-Welding of Pipelines and Related Facilities is based on 'good workmanship' criteria. In allowing relaxed flaw acceptance criteria, the achievement of a critical CTOD value ensures that the flaws will remain stable during installation and service. This document presents alternative flaw acceptance criteria for pipeline girth welds which are based on the philosophy of fitness-for-purpose. The alternative flaw acceptance criteria can be applied in situations where specified minimum fracture toughness values are achieved in crack tip opening displacement (CTOD) tests performed on specimens notched into both the weld metal and heat-affected zone (HAZ). The alternative flaw acceptance criteria presented in Appendix A of API 1104 are restricted specifically to pipeline girth welds. In comparison, the flaw acceptance criteria in API RP1107-Recommended Pipeline Maintenance Welding Practices-which deals with pipeline sleeve welds are based entirely on 'good workmanship' standards.
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Wu, Yingjie, Selim Gunay, and Khalid Mosalam. Hybrid Simulations for the Seismic Evaluation of Resilient Highway Bridge Systems. Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center, University of California, Berkeley, CA, November 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.55461/ytgv8834.

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Bridges often serve as key links in local and national transportation networks. Bridge closures can result in severe costs, not only in the form of repair or replacement, but also in the form of economic losses related to medium- and long-term interruption of businesses and disruption to surrounding communities. In addition, continuous functionality of bridges is very important after any seismic event for emergency response and recovery purposes. Considering the importance of these structures, the associated structural design philosophy is shifting from collapse prevention to maintaining functionality in the aftermath of moderate to strong earthquakes, referred to as “resiliency” in earthquake engineering research. Moreover, the associated construction philosophy is being modernized with the utilization of accelerated bridge construction (ABC) techniques, which strive to reduce the impact of construction on traffic, society, economy and on-site safety. This report presents two bridge systems that target the aforementioned issues. A study that combined numerical and experimental research was undertaken to characterize the seismic performance of these bridge systems. The first part of the study focuses on the structural system-level response of highway bridges that incorporate a class of innovative connecting devices called the “V-connector,”, which can be used to connect two components in a structural system, e.g., the column and the bridge deck, or the column and its foundation. This device, designed by ACII, Inc., results in an isolation surface at the connection plane via a connector rod placed in a V-shaped tube that is embedded into the concrete. Energy dissipation is provided by friction between a special washer located around the V-shaped tube and a top plate. Because of the period elongation due to the isolation layer and the limited amount of force transferred by the relatively flexible connector rod, bridge columns are protected from experiencing damage, thus leading to improved seismic behavior. The V-connector system also facilitates the ABC by allowing on-site assembly of prefabricated structural parts including those of the V-connector. A single-column, two-span highway bridge located in Northern California was used for the proof-of-concept of the proposed V-connector protective system. The V-connector was designed to result in an elastic bridge response based on nonlinear dynamic analyses of the bridge model with the V-connector. Accordingly, a one-third scale V-connector was fabricated based on a set of selected design parameters. A quasi-static cyclic test was first conducted to characterize the force-displacement relationship of the V-connector, followed by a hybrid simulation (HS) test in the longitudinal direction of the bridge to verify the intended linear elastic response of the bridge system. In the HS test, all bridge components were analytically modeled except for the V-connector, which was simulated as the experimental substructure in a specially designed and constructed test setup. Linear elastic bridge response was confirmed according to the HS results. The response of the bridge with the V-connector was compared against that of the as-built bridge without the V-connector, which experienced significant column damage. These results justified the effectiveness of this innovative device. The second part of the study presents the HS test conducted on a one-third scale two-column bridge bent with self-centering columns (broadly defined as “resilient columns” in this study) to reduce (or ultimately eliminate) any residual drifts. The comparison of the HS test with a previously conducted shaking table test on an identical bridge bent is one of the highlights of this study. The concept of resiliency was incorporated in the design of the bridge bent columns characterized by a well-balanced combination of self-centering, rocking, and energy-dissipating mechanisms. This combination is expected to lead to minimum damage and low levels of residual drifts. The ABC is achieved by utilizing precast columns and end members (cap beam and foundation) through an innovative socket connection. In order to conduct the HS test, a new hybrid simulation system (HSS) was developed, utilizing commonly available software and hardware components in most structural laboratories including: a computational platform using Matlab/Simulink [MathWorks 2015], an interface hardware/software platform dSPACE [2017], and MTS controllers and data acquisition (DAQ) system for the utilized actuators and sensors. Proper operation of the HSS was verified using a trial run without the test specimen before the actual HS test. In the conducted HS test, the two-column bridge bent was simulated as the experimental substructure while modeling the horizontal and vertical inertia masses and corresponding mass proportional damping in the computer. The same ground motions from the shaking table test, consisting of one horizontal component and the vertical component, were applied as input excitations to the equations of motion in the HS. Good matching was obtained between the shaking table and the HS test results, demonstrating the appropriateness of the defined governing equations of motion and the employed damping model, in addition to the reliability of the developed HSS with minimum simulation errors. The small residual drifts and the minimum level of structural damage at large peak drift levels demonstrated the superior seismic response of the innovative design of the bridge bent with self-centering columns. The reliability of the developed HS approach motivated performing a follow-up HS study focusing on the transverse direction of the bridge, where the entire two-span bridge deck and its abutments represented the computational substructure, while the two-column bridge bent was the physical substructure. This investigation was effective in shedding light on the system-level performance of the entire bridge system that incorporated innovative bridge bent design beyond what can be achieved via shaking table tests, which are usually limited by large-scale bridge system testing capacities.
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Aerodynamic Development of the GAC ENO.146 Concept. SAE International, September 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2021-01-5093.

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This paper describes the aerodynamic development process and features of the flow field of the GAC ENO.146, a concept vehicle shown in Guangzhou Auto Show 2019, which achieved a CD of 0.146. Key factors in the design process, including how design decisions are made and how the interactions occur between aerodynamicists and designers are explained in detail. The design language forms the next generation of BEVs. The aerodynamic development philosophy is guided by three principles: minimizing flow separation, maximizing rear pressure recovery, and controlling tire wake. This vehicle took full advantage of the unique 2-1-2-1 seating configuration that allowed a tapered tail design with a narrower rear track to further minimize the size of the rear recirculation zone, improving rear pressure recovery. In order to reduce induced drag, detailed studies on roofline and diffuser angles were conducted to develop the optimal combination, eliminating any loss of flow momentum. The diffuser design also served to eliminate flow separation caused by the rear wheels. In addition to that, active aerodynamic devices were employed to reduce interaction between freestream and wheelhouse air. A comparison was also made between ENO.146 and Aion S, a GAC production EV to illustrate future development potentials. Through the development of ENO.146, the aerodynamic development process of ENO.146 serves as a template for future projects, providing expertise and best practices of aerodynamic development for both engineers and designers.
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