Relevant bibliographies by topics / Comparative welfare states

Academic literature on the topic 'Comparative welfare states'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 19 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Comparative welfare states"

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Gough, Ian. "Welfare states and environmental states: a comparative analysis." Environmental Politics 25, no. 1 (August 12, 2015): 24–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09644016.2015.1074382.

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VAN DER VEEN, ROBERT, and LOEK GROOT. "Post-Productivism and Welfare States: A Comparative Analysis." British Journal of Political Science 36, no. 4 (August 25, 2006): 593–618. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007123406000329.

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This article provides operational measures for comparing welfare states in terms of the concept of post-productivism, as pioneered by Goodin in this Journal, and discusses the normative relevance of such comparisons. Post-productivism holds that it is desirable to grant people a high level of personal autonomy, through the welfare state's labour-market institutions and transfer system, and maintains that on average, people would choose to make use of their autonomy by working less, hence earning less and having more free time. By contrast, existing welfare states, for example as classified in Esping-Andersen's three-way split of liberal, social-democratic and corporatist regimes, are largely ‘productivist’, as their policies try to design social rights so as ensure economic self-reliance through full-time work. The question is whether they actually succeed in doing so. With a limited dataset of thirteen OECD countries for 1993, three conditions of personal autonomy – income adequacy, temporal adequacy and absence of welfare-work conditionality – are discussed in terms of policy outputs, which can be read off from easily accessible OECD statistics. Two closely related concepts are explored: comprehensive post-productivism, measuring the extent to which welfare states approximate the ideal of personal autonomy, and restricted post-productivism, which follows from two common goals shared by all welfare states (avoidance of poverty and reduction of involuntary underemployment), and expressly focuses on the policy outputs on which the productivist and post-productivist perspectives specifically disagree: welfare-work unconditionality, voluntary underemployment and average annual hours of work per employee. After showing that ranking the thirteen cases puts the Netherlands at the top and the United States at the bottom, in conformity with Goodin's earlier work, it is shown that restricted post-productivism is not positively associated with the poverty rate, and negatively with the rate of involuntary underemployment. This finding sets the stage for our discussion of normative issues underlying a preference for either productivist or post-productivist arrangements of work and welfare. Suggestions for further research are given in the final section.
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Harris, Jose. "Enterprise and Welfare States: a Comparative Perspective." Transactions of the Royal Historical Society 40 (December 1990): 175–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3679167.

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DO ‘welfare states’ enhance or subvert economic enterprise, civic virtue, private moral character, the integrity of social life? Though these questions have a piquantly contemporary ring in modern British politics, they are nevertheless old quandaries in the history of social policy. Since the seventeenth century, if not earlier, practitioners, theorists and critics of public welfare schemes have argued for and against such schemes in contradictory and adversarial terms; claiming on the one hand that social welfare schemes would supply a humanitarian corrective to the rigours of a market economy; and on the other hand that they would support and streamline market forces by enhancing individual and collective efficiency. Similarly, for several hundred years models of civic morality which emphasize independence and self-sufficiency have jostled with alternative models which emphasize paternalism, altruism and organic solidarity. Few phases of social policy in Britain and elsewhere have not contained elements of more than one approach. Even the New Poor Law, notorious for its subordination to market pressures, nevertheless harboured certain residual anti-market principles and often lapsed into practices that were suspiciously communitarian; whilst Edwardian New Liberalism, famous for its philosophy of organic solidarism, in practice tempered social justice with the quest for ‘national efficiency’. These varying emphases have all been reflected in the fashions and phases of welfare state historiography—fashions and phases that appear to have been at least partly determined by the vagaries of prevailing political climate. Thus, in the aftermath of the Second World War, historians tended to portray the history of social policy as a series of governmental battles against private vested interests—battles in which the mantle of civic virtue was worn by an altruistic administrative elite, while civic vice was embodied in the motley crew of doctors, landlords, employers and insurance companies who viewed social welfare as a commodity in the market.
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MacDougall, Audrey. "Book Review: European Welfare States: Comparative Perspectives." European Journal of Social Security 8, no. 2 (June 2006): 219–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/138826270600800207.

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Boget, Yoann. "Comparing dispositifs in Bismarckian Welfare States." Journal of Comparative Social Work 7, no. 2 (October 1, 2012): 126–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.31265/jcsw.v7i2.86.

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Comparative research on welfare states is facing various pitfalls in our days. This article is concerned with a particularly tricky issue by considering scholastic effects of thinking welfare provision in terms of typologies, such as the one developed by Esping-Andersens in his study on The Three Worlds of Welfare Capitalism.
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Willemse, Nienke, and Paul de Beer. "Three worlds of educational welfare states? A comparative study of higher education systems across welfare states." Journal of European Social Policy 22, no. 2 (May 2012): 105–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0958928711433656.

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Orloff, Ann Shola. "Gendering the Comparative Analysis of Welfare States: An Unfinished Agenda." Sociological Theory 27, no. 3 (September 2009): 317–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9558.2009.01350.x.

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Can feminists count on welfare states—or at least some aspects of these complex systems—as resources in the struggle for gender equality? Gender analysts of “welfare states” investigate this question and the broader set of issues around the mutually constitutive relationship between systems of social provision and regulation and gender. Feminist scholars have moved to bring the contingent practice of politics back into grounded fields of action and social change and away from the reification and abstractions that had come to dominate models of politics focused on “big” structures and systems, including those focused on “welfare states.” Conceptual innovations and reconceptualizations of foundational terms have been especially prominent in the comparative scholarship on welfare states, starting with gender, and including care, autonomy, citizenship, (in) dependence, political agency, and equality. In contrast to other subfields of political science and sociology, gendered insights have to some extent been incorporated into mainstream comparative scholarship on welfare states. The arguments between feminists and mainstream scholars over the course of the last two decades have been productive, powering the development of key themes and concepts pioneered by gender scholars, including “defamilialization,” the significance of unpaid care work in families and the difficulties of work-family “reconciliation,” gendered welfare state institutions, the relation between fertility and women's employment, and the partisan correlates of different family and gender policy models. Yet the mainstream still resists the deeper implications of feminist work, and has difficulties assimilating concepts of care, gendered power, dependency, and interdependency. Thus, the agenda of gendering comparative welfare state studies remains unfinished. To develop an understanding of what might be needed to finish that agenda, I assess the gendered contributions to the analysis of modern systems of social provision, starting with the concept of gender itself, then moving to studies of the gendered division of labor (including care) and of gendered political power.
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Mätzke, Margitta. "Welfare Policies and Welfare States: Generalization in the Comparative Study of Policy History." Journal of Policy History 21, no. 03 (July 2009): 308. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0898030609090150.

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Sigle-Rushton, Wendy. "Comparative methods in research on gender and welfare states." Twenty-First Century Society 4, no. 2 (June 2009): 137–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17450140903000241.

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Aassve, Arnstein, Francesco C. Billari, Stefano Mazzuco, and Fausta Ongaro. "Leaving home: a comparative analysis of ECHP data." Journal of European Social Policy 12, no. 4 (November 1, 2002): 259–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/a028430.

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We use three waves of the European Community Household Panel (ECHP) to analyse the impact of employment, earnings, household income, and welfare on young adults' decision to leave the parental home. In particular we investigate the importance of these income sources in different welfare settings. We use a simultaneous equation approach to control for unobserved heterogeneity and left censoring. We find employment and income to be very important factors in the decisions of young adults to leave home in the Southern European welfare state. For the Continental European welfare states the results are more mixed. Employment and income are still important factors, but the effects are less clear and there are significant variations. In the Social Democratic welfare states, the effect of employment and income appears negligible. The effect is also modest in the UK (the Liberal Market state), a finding we attribute to the educational system.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Comparative welfare states"

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Gudžinskas, Liutauras. "Transformation of postcommunist states and their welfare regimes: comparative analysis of Baltic countries." Doctoral thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2012. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2012~D_20120917_092729-56937.

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This dissertation seeks to evaluate how Central and Eastern European (CEE) countries develop state under the conditions of liberal democracy and membership of the European Union (EU). The issues of quality of democracy and governance of postcommunist states are analysed through lenses of welfare politics. The main attention is paid to Baltic countries. The main method applied in dissertation is a qualitative comparison of several (similar) cases. In the first part of dissertation “middle-range” theories are observed, which allows to understand the general patterns of development of postcommunist countries. Distinction of modern and patronage states is established, which is best seen comparing CEE liberal democracies vis-à-vis postsoviet dictatorships. In the second part of dissertation these general patterns are analysed only at the level of CEE countries. It is established that the distinction of modern and patronage states to some extent also replicates among CEE countries themselves, and also among Baltic countries. By many important parameters indicating the level of state capacities Estonia distinguishes itself from other Baltic countries. In the third part, comparative research is focussed at the maximum. One analyses the development of healthcare – the core welfare policy – in the Baltic region. It is established that there are significant differences among Baltic countries in timing, speed and achieved results of healthcare reforms, which also has important... [to full text]
Šia disertacija siekiama įvertinti, kaip Vidurio ir Rytų Europos (VRE) šalims sekasi vystyti valstybę liberaliosios demokratijos ir narystės ES sąlygomis. Į pokomunistinių valstybių valdymo ir demokratijos kokybės problemas šioje disertacijoje žvelgiama pirmiausia per gerovės politikos prizmę. Didžiausias dėmesys skiriamas Baltijos šalims. Disertacijoje taikomas metodas – kokybinis kelių (panašių) atvejų lyginimas. Pirmojoje disertacijos dalyje apžvelgiamos „vidutinio nuotolio“ teorijos, kurios leidžia suprasti pokomunistinių šalių gerovės režimų raidos bendrąsias tendencijas. Nustatoma modernių ir patronažinių valstybių skirtis, kuri ryškiausiai matyti tarp VRE liberaliųjų demokratijų ir posovietinių diktatūrų. Toliau, antrojoje disertacijos dalyje, šios bendrosios tendencijos analizuojamos tik VRE šalių lygmeniu. Nustatoma, kad modernių ir patronažinių valstybių skirtis tam tikru mastu atsikartoja VRE regione ir taip pat tarp Baltijos šalių. Estija iš kitų Baltijos šalių išsiskiria daugeliu svarbių valstybės gebėjimų parametrų. Trečiojoje dalyje, lyginamasis tyrimas maksimaliai sufokusuojamas. Nagrinėjama sveikatos apsaugos – kertinės gerovės politikos – raida Baltijos šalyse. Nustatoma, kad sveikatos apsaugos reformos laikas, tempas ir pasiekti rezultatai reikšmingai skiriasi tarp Baltijos šalių, ir tai turi svarbių implikacijų šių valstybių raidai.
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White, Linda Ann. "Welfare state development and child care policies, a comparative analysis of France, Canada, and the United States." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape15/PQDD_0005/NQ35368.pdf.

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Kim, Jongmyeong. "Can a model for welfare states be found in East Asia? : a comparative analysis of welfare models in Japan, Taiwan and Korea." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.433511.

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Knopp, Kasey. "A Comparison of Welfare Policies and Health of Aging Populations in the U.S. and Denmark." Youngstown State University / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ysu1528368566266546.

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Heap, Daniel. "Institutionalising activation for sickness and disability benefit claimants in the active UK and Danish welfare states." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/31016.

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The last 15 years have seen governments in a number of mature welfare states attempting to reintegrate people out of work for reasons of sickness and disability into employment, principally through changes to the value and conditions of incapacity benefits and the provision of active labour market programmes. Whilst the academic interest in these changes has been considerable, this thesis begins by arguing that these studies hitherto have been satisfied to categorise these emerging regimes according to a familiar Work-first v Human Capital Development activation typology (for example, Peck & Theodore, 2001), or a variation upon that, according to the presence or absence of different activation services. They largely do not apply the insights that the broader activation literature has provided in recent years, particularly those on the governance of activation. Instead, this thesis proposes that it is better to examine recent changes through the lens of institutionalisation: how well-embedded employment-related support for sick and disabled claimants has become in the structure and functioning of welfare-to-work regimes for sick and disabled benefit claimants. Though not a concept much used in academic analysis of Active Labour Market Policy (ALMP), a case is made for the value of looking at, firstly, how well activating sick and disabled claimants becomes a national government labour market policy priority and secondly, how well the organisation and governance of active labour market programmes for this group support this, in additional to analyses of the services themselves. Working from what is already known about the factors that can influence a workless benefit claimant's access to employment support, the contention of such a framework is that the successful embedding of an activation strategy for sick and disabled claimants into national Labour Market Policy (LMP) is a function of the interaction of a range of factors. Crucial here is the distinction between ALMP for these claimants, and for other activation target groups – there is good evidence to believe that the changes made to activation governance to promote active work-search for the unemployed may, however unintentionally, militate against a comprehensive system of support for 'non-employed' jobseekers considered to be further from the labour market, claimants of incapacity benefits included. Alongside this framework, a case is made for being much clearer and more precise in describing what measures apply to which parts of the incapacity benefit claimant pool. In most countries, this is a very diverse population with several distinct sub-sets with different levels of distance from the labour market, ranging from those with very severe disabilities or health conditions; others with multiple employment barriers not all stemming directly from their condition (outdated skills, for example), and those whose employability is high, their disability or health condition notwithstanding. As a small number of studies have pointed out (Evans, 2001, for example), activation regimes – defined in this study as the set of services that are provided to help nonemployed sick and disabled benefit claimants back to work; and how these are organised; delivered; targeted and financed – 'sort and select' claimants, applying different types or more or less intensive support for different categorisations of claimants. An activation regime for the claimant group can thus be very inclusive or rather narrow, depending on the extent to which these sub-pools are catered for. To demonstrate the value of this framework in reaching a more accurate understanding of the nature of these emerging regimes relative to extant approaches, a cross-national comparison of activation of sick and disabled claimants in Denmark and the United Kingdom is offered. Whilst they are considered to be very nearly diametrically opposed in a number of key ways – their approaches to activation; benefit generosity and broader welfare regime contexts – when looked at using the institutionalisation framework, they emerge as more similar than expected. Regardless of their quite different starting points, they experience many of the same challenges in creating a system in which the employment activation of the full extent of the claimant group is a priority and where a sick or disabled benefit claimant's right to back-to-work support is secure.
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Gschwind, Lutz. "Immigrants' social rights: The new 'paradox of redistribution'? A comparative study on migrant poverty in 15 European welfare states." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Statsvetenskapliga institutionen, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-265052.

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Paul, Regine. "Labour migration management as multidimensional border-drawing : a comparative interpretive policy analysis in the EU." Thesis, University of Bath, 2012. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.558862.

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This thesis examines and compares current labour migration management of non-EU workers in Germany, France and the United Kingdom. It aims to explain cross-national similarities and differences from an interpretive policy analysis perspective. The research entails analyses of 33 legal documents and in-depth interviews with 25 high-ranking policy-makers and is anchored in case contexts. In order to gain comparative explanations the analysis maps legal classifications and rights regimes governing incoming migrant workers, explores meanings policy-makers vest in these, and thereby reconstructs the economic, social and political normative references these meanings entail in comparative perspective. By conceptualising migration policy as border-drawing I challenge the main stream migration policy literature, offering an alternative approach which changes the parameters of policy analysis more generally. While most migration policy research concentrates on explaining the control gap between restrictive admission policies and de facto migratory flows, I shift the analytical focus towards states’ power to define legal and illegal positions through policy and allocate rights in a differential way. Empirically, I overcome partial policy accounts by contributing a multidimensional analysis of labour migration policy across its economic, social, and politico-formal dimension, and develop an innovative methodology to explain crossnational variation in the interaction of these aspects. By associating each dimension with a specific borderdrawing site – capitalist coordination system, welfare state regime, and citizenship model – the thesis utilises regime theories to develop benchmarks for the empirical analysis while at the same time testing the explanatory scope of these theories in the field of labour migration. Migrant workers are selected by skill level and labour scarcity in all three cases in line with widely shared economic values surrounding labour migration agendas. Yet, the analysis also pinpoints considerable divergences when selecting migrants by origin, social cohesion concerns or with annual caps. The variable labour geographies into which migrant workers are admitted – mainly relating to post-colonial relationships, distinct uses of EU free movement, and demographic context – are seized by policy actors to selectively contextualise economic border-drawing. It is this distinct socio-political contextualisation of a shared cultural political economy of labour migration which explains similarities and differences in European labour migration management. The thesis hence contributes an empirically detailed understanding of an integrating EU common market which coexists with persistently diverging labour geographies and societies. Findings bear considerable policy implications in terms of European integration and the unequal distribution of labour mobility rights for migrants in Europe.
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Papadopoulos, Theodoros N. "Welfare support for the unemployed : a comparative analysis of social policy responses to unemployment in twelve European Union member-states." Thesis, University of York, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.265658.

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Jung, Min Ah. "The effectiveness of housing allowance in welfare states : a comparative study in the United Kingdom, the Netherlands, Sweden and South Korea." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2013. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/4679/.

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The financial burden arising from expenditure on housing is associated with the income and housing problems of low-income households. This research examines the effectiveness of housing allowance in solving these problems and thus achieving social and housing policy objectives, i.e. improving income maintenance, enhancing housing affordability and providing work incentives. It also explains how the various institutional features of housing allowance systems make changes in achieving different policy objectives. Taking into account the fact that housing allowance programmes operate alongside other institutions of the welfare state that vary among countries, this research compares the effectiveness of housing allowances in the United Kingdom, the Netherlands, Sweden and South Korea using five indicators−Residual income after rent payment, Poverty rate, Rent to Income Ratio, Income Replacement Ratio and Effective Marginal Tax Rate. The findings show that housing allowance is an effective policy instrument across countries in the following ways. First, it contributes to the improvement in residual income after housing costs and the decrease in poverty rates among low-income tenants. Second, the housing allowance reduces the financial burden arising from expenditure on rent. Third, in contrast to the positive effects of housing allowances in improving income and housing problems, their provision as part of in-work benefit relates to the increase in work disincentives indicating the higher possibility of working-poor tenants being trapped in unemployment and poverty. Fourth, despite variations in the features of the welfare and housing regime, the design of the benefit arrangement explains many of the differences in the effectiveness of housing allowance in the four countries. Fifth, subsidising a great share of housing costs is an important factor related to the improvement in income maintenance and housing affordability. Sixth, basing the provision of housing allowance on actual rent is also essential in solving the income and housing problems of low-income tenants. Findings relating to the institutional feature of housing allowance are the basis for the recommendation that the Korean housing allowance system should be reformed to reflect a household’s actual need.
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Stambolieva, Marija [Verfasser]. "Welfare State Transformation in the Context of Socio-economic and Political Changes : A Comparative Analysis of the post-Yugoslav States: Slovenia, Croatia, Serbia and Macedonia/ Marija Stambolieva." Kassel : Universitätsbibliothek Kassel, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1065208936/34.

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Books on the topic "Comparative welfare states"

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Cousins, M. European Welfare States Comparative Perspectives: Comparative Perspectives. London: Sage Publications, 2005.

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Global capital, political institutions, and policy change in developed welfare states. Camgridge: Cambridge University Press, 2005.

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Shaping race policy: The United States in comparative perspective. Princeton, N.J: Princeton University Press, 2005.

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Jamie, Davies, and University of Maine at Orono. Canadian American Center., eds. Federalism matters: Welfare reform and the intergovernmental balance of power in Canada and the United States. Orono, ME: Canadian-American Center, University of Maine, 2005.

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Harles, John C. Federalism matters: Welfare reform and the intergovernmental balance of power in Canada and the United States. Orono, ME: Canadian-American Center, 2006.

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Tobacco control: Comparative politics in the United States and Canada. Peterborough, Ont: Broadview Press, 2002.

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Dismantling the welfare state?: Reagan, Thatcher, and the politics of retrenchment. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press, 1994.

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White, Linda Ann. Welfare state development and child care policies: A comparative analysis of France, Canada, and the United States. Ottawa: National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998.

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Brooks, Clem. Why welfare states persist: The importance of public opinion in democracies. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press, 2005.

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American political economy in global perspective. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2012.

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Book chapters on the topic "Comparative welfare states"

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Greve, Bent. "Welfare States Research Core: Overview and Synthesis." In Comparative Welfare Systems, 1–10. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-24791-2_1.

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Auers, Daunis. "Economic, Social and Welfare Issues." In Comparative Politics and Government of the Baltic States, 154–94. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137369970_6.

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Lithman, Yngve. "Norwegian Multicultural Debates in a Scandinavian Comparative Perspective." In Debating Multiculturalism in the Nordic Welfare States, 246–69. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137318459_10.

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Groth, A. J. "Worker Welfare Systems in Marxist-Leninist States: a Comparative Perspective." In Communist Politics, 346–60. London: Macmillan Education UK, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-18339-5_19.

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van Berkel, Rik, Willibrord de Graaf, and Tomáš Sirovátka. "The Governance of Active Welfare States in Europe in a Comparative Perspective." In The Governance of Active Welfare States in Europe, 237–63. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230306714_12.

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Swank, Duane. "Social Democratic Welfare States in a Global Economy: Scandinavia in Comparative Perspective." In Globalization, Europeanization and the End of Scandinavian Social Democracy?, 85–138. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230371651_5.

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Rummery, Kirstein. "A Comparative Discussion of the Gendered Implications of Cash-for-Care Schemes: Markets, Independence and Social Citizenship in Crisis?" In Challenges and Perspectives for the European Welfare States, 94–108. Oxford, UK: Wiley-Blackwell, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781444324341.ch7.

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King, Desmond. "Economic Crisis and Welfare State Recommodification: A Comparative Analysis of the United States and Britain." In Capitalist Development and Crisis Theory: Accumulation, Regulation and Spatial Restructuring, 237–60. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-19960-0_10.

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Zagel, Hannah, and Henning Lohmann. "Conceptual Approaches in Comparative Family Policy Research." In The Palgrave Handbook of Family Policy, 119–39. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-54618-2_6.

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AbstractThis chapter provides a systematic overview of some of the most widely used concepts in comparative family policy research. We situate the conceptual approaches in their respective research tradition, define the concepts’ main characteristics, and highlight differences and similarities between concepts. All approaches we discuss are rooted in feminist and mainstream comparative welfare state research that considers nation-states as the main unit of analysis. To foreclose some of our conclusions, similarities between the concepts seem often stronger than the differences. However, we show that there are important nuances, which can be critical in drawing comparative conclusions about family policy and its expected outcomes. We argue that some of the conceptual nuances have been blurred over time and this takes its toll on the conceptual rigor in the research field. The chapter provides the basis for informed choices on using one rather than another concept in empirical comparative family policy research.
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Jessop, Bob. "Post-Fordism and the State." In Comparative Welfare Systems, 165–83. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-24791-2_10.

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Conference papers on the topic "Comparative welfare states"

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Palmieri, Alessandro, and Blerina Nazeraj. "OPEN BANKING AND COMPETITION: AN INTRICATE RELATIONSHIP." In International Jean Monnet Module Conference of EU and Comparative Competition Law Issues "Competition Law (in Pandemic Times): Challenges and Reforms. Faculty of Law, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.25234/eclic/18822.

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Open banking – promoted in the European Union by the access to account rule contained in the Directive (EU) 2015/2366 on payment services in the internal market (PSD2) – is supposed to enhance consumer’s welfare and to foster competition. However, many observers are fearful about the negative effects of the entry into the market of the so-called BigTech giants. Unless incumbent banks are able to rise above the technological challenges, the risk is that, in the long run, BigTech firms could dominate the market, by virtue of their great ability to collect data on consumer preferences, and to process them with sophisticated tools, such as Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning techniques; not to mention the possible benefits arising from the cross-subsidisation. This paper aims at analysing the controversial relationship between open banking and competition. In this framework, many aspects must be clarified, such as the definition of the relevant markets; the identification of the dominant entities; the relationship with the essential facility doctrine. The specific competition problems encountered in the financial sector need to be inscribed in the context of the more general debate around access to data in the digital sphere. The evolving scenario poses a serious challenge to regulators, calling them to strike the right balance between fostering innovation and preserving financial stability. The appraisal intends not only to cover EU law and policy, but also to make a comparison with other legal systems. In this respect, something noteworthy is taking place in the United States where, as of today, consumers’ access to financial data sharing has been largely dependent on private-sector efforts. Indeed, Section 1033 of the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act (passed in the aftermath of the financial crisis of 2008) provides that, subject to rules prescribed by the Bureau of Consumer Financial Protection (CFPB), a consumer financial services provider must make available to a consumer information, in its control or possession, concerning the consumer financial product or service that the consumer obtained from the provider. This provision, which dates back to 2010, has never been implemented. However, on 22 October 2020, the CFBP has announced its intention to regulate open banking, issuing an advanced notice of proposed rulemaking. In light of their investigation, the authors advocate the adaptation of the current strategies to the modified conditions and, in some instances, the creation of novel mechanisms, more suitable to face unprecedented threats.
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GREBLIKAITĖ, Jolita, Milita VIENAŽINDIENĖ, and Regina ANDRIUKAITIENĖ. "COMMUNITY SOCIAL WELFARE MODELING." In RURAL DEVELOPMENT. Aleksandras Stulginskis University, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.15544/rd.2017.224.

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The social welfare of the community, as a reflection of the quality of life, is characterized by a dynamic and complex nature, and is now becoming an increasingly relevant and more debatable topic in the scientific community. An integrated assessment of social welfare becomes the most important prerequisite for increasing the quality of life. The theoretical studies of social welfare assessment have shown that in order to assess it, a systematic approach is needed that distinguishes living quality factors and their groups and identifies the relationships between them. It is obvious that only the assessment of the existing social welfare situation can form the direction of improving the quality of life. In this article the authors, analyzing the issue of social welfare management as one of the most painful problems of the community today, define the concept of quality of life and social welfare, identify factors of social welfare quality and their assessment indicators, reveal the peculiarities of community-oriented activities. Based on the analysis of scientific literature, the authors of the article present a conceptual model illustrating community social welfare management and improving the quality of social life by responding to the needs of the community. The model consists of 5 main stages, each stage solving individual tasks. In the initial stages, an analysis of the current situation is carried out in the aspect of determinants of social welfare, the existing level is determined and comparison with the previous periods is performed. In the next stages a social welfare development plan is being prepared and implemented. According to the authors, applying the proposed model of social welfare management in the community, it is possible to ensure a higher level of social quality of life. Research method is the analysis and synthesis of scientific literature, logical, comparative and graphic representation.
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Lotorev, Evgeniy. "Social policy and constitutional legislation: comparative legal research experience." In Development of legal systems in Russia and foreign countries: problems of theory and practice. ru: Publishing Center RIOR, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.29039/02061-6-177-191.

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The relevance of the problem under study is due to the issues that arise in the process of attempts to build a welfare state; the current situation in the Russian Federation at the present stage of the development of statehood and social phenomena, as well as the difficulties that arise in the regulatory regulation of these groups of public relations. In this regard, this article is aimed at a comprehensive analysis of the issues of the formation of the social state that arise when trying to resolve them by the national legislator. The leading approach to the study of this problem is a comparative legal analysis of the European and domestic experience of building a social security system and the impact of the practice of the European Court of Human Rights on it. The article summarizes the problematic issues related to the search for the optimal domestic model of social security, as well as the doctrinal approach to the topic under consideration.
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Esguevillas, Daniel, and Luz Carruthers. "Productive Housing: Spatial Structuring and Social Division in Urban Centers." In 2018 ACSA International Conference. ACSA Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.35483/acsa.intl.2018.15.

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This paper examines the way in which Airbnb dynamics are changing spatial and social conditions in urban centers. A comparative study of the situation in three important global metropolis—New York, London and Barcelona—provides an approach to analyzing how policymakers struggle to control the accelerated expansion of the short-term rental housing platform, under the scrutiny of the public. It aims to foster a broader understanding of the impact of the sharing economy in the realm of housing, in a context of economic globalization and decline of the welfare state, where advances in technology meet with sociological and generational shifts in behavior.
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