Relevant bibliographies by topics / Comparative German

Academic literature on the topic 'Comparative German'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 29 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Comparative German"

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Cordell, Karl, and Stefan Wolff. "Ethnic Germans in Poland and the Czech Republic: A Comparative Evaluation*." Nationalities Papers 33, no. 2 (June 2005): 255–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00905990500088610.

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This paper seeks to analyze the nature of the German minorities in the Czech Republic and Poland. In order to achieve this goal, the relationship between Czechoslovakia/the Czech Republic and Poland with the Bundesrepublik Deutschland (Federal Republic of Germany/FRG) forms an essential intellectual backdrop to our main theme. Reference to the Deutsche Demokratische Republik (German Democratic Republic/GDR) will be made as and where appropriate. As we shall see, tensions simmered between the Sozialistische Einheitspartei Deutschlands (Socialist Unity Party of Germany/SED) and the Polska Zjednoczona Partia Robotnicza Zjednoczona (Polish United Workers' Party/PZPR), and in reality relations between the two sides were poor. Reference will be made to wartime German occupation policy in both Poland and the Czech lands. Due attention will also be paid to the consequent expulsion of ethnic Germans from Poland and Czechoslovakia. However, due to limitations of space these themes, that have been exhaustively dealt with elsewhere, do not form part of our main focus of study.
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Sorokina, N. V. "Image of Native Land and People in Ethnic Stereotyped Conceptions of Russian and German Students." Izvestiya of Saratov University. Philosophy. Psychology. Pedagogy 12, no. 2 (2012): 81–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.18500/1819-7671-2012-12-2-81-84.

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The article presents results of associative experiments carried out in 2008 in Germany and in 2011 in Russia. It focuses on the most frequent associations of Russian and German students. The comparative analysis revealed that the in-group stereotypes of Russians are more positive than those of Germans.
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Jere, Thomas. "Comparative Analysis of Two German Banks." Interactive science, no. 4 (59) (May 26, 2021): 51–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.21661/r-553801.

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This article explains results of a comparative to test the performance of two top banks in the German banking industry analysis using a financial ratio analysis method. The main determinants considered are solvency and liquidity indicators, which make it possible to observe the risk behaviour of banks before and after the financial crisis. The hypothesis of the study is that the behaviour of German banks depends on bank-specific variables that affect the institution ’s loan policy. The universal banks in Germany can be divided into three main types of institutions: commercial, public sector and cooperative banks. The analysis is carried out on banks of the same category in a decomposed manner. Deutsche Bank and Commerzbank representing the commercial/Private sector. Checking each Bank separately is carried out to detect the similarities or differences that each bank may have in terms of bank performance. The empirical analysis involves a sample of these German banks observed during 2015–2019.
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Stiller, Wojciech. "The VAT complexity, a comparative analysis for Germany and Poland." Optimum. Economic Studies, no. 3(101) (2020): 15–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.15290/oes.2020.03.101.02.

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Purpose – This article aims to examine the complexity of the value added tax (VAT) in Germany and Poland. Research method – This paper uses a quantitative analysis of the VAT Act and a selected amendment to this Act in Germany and Poland. I consider the German and Polish language versions of the VAT Directive and the Vouchers Directive as a benchmark for comparing VAT complexity. A comparison of a number of law amendments and compliance costs in both countries enhances the analysis. Results – The VAT complexity in Poland significantly exceeds the complexity of the German VAT system. This is true for all analysed aspects. In Poland, the compliance costs of VAT are significantly higher than in Germany. The Polish VAT law is amended more frequently and is much more comprehensive than its German counterpart. This can be only partially justified by special regulations to combat tax fraud. The high VAT complexity in Poland is also due to the complicated language and structure of the law. Although the German translation of the Vouchers Directive includes more words than the Polish version, the Polish legislator needs about twice as many words as their German counterpart for its implementation. Originality /value – Tax law is often criticised for its complexity. This study is the first to use the VAT Directive for a comparative study of the VAT complexity and reveals that the Polish legislator uses considerably more text for similar content than their German counterpart.
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Adick, Christel, and Maria Giesemann. "Relevance of German Political Foundations for Comparative Educational Research." Journal of Education and Research 5, no. 1 (August 13, 2015): 7–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jer.v5i1.13055.

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German political foundations, mainly Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung (FES) and Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung (KAS), have a long tradition of political activism in Germany as well as internationally. Founded after the Second World War, their mission was and is the promotion of democracy and civic education. Likewise, they pursue these educational goals abroad, where they have been active for over 50 years. But despite many years of experience in the field of political education across borders, the foundations have hardly been noticed in educational research. Therefore, an international audience shall be made aware of the unique characteristics of the German party related political foundations as actors in the world. This article will address the international dimensions of these organizations: how they operate across borders and what they offer in their educational dimensions. This will show their close entanglement with the official German foreign policy and with the political parties to which they are affiliated in Germany.
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Eisenberg, Christiane. "The Comparative View in Labour History." International Review of Social History 34, no. 3 (December 1989): 403–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020859000009457.

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SUMMARYComparisons between the English and German labour movements have a long tradition in historiography. In Germany they were primarily discussed in the context of the “German Sonderweg”, a debate which was opened in the 1920s and continues in the 1980s. The article presented here analyzes the methodological problems ofSonderwegcomparisons of labour history and confronts the major arguments with the results of empirical research. It concludes that many oldSonderwegarguments can not withstand this confrontation. Nevertheless, the article proposes that the debate should be continued, since empirical research focuses on new aspects and supports the diagnosis of two different paths of labour history.
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Kocka, Jürgen. "Comparative Historical Research: German Examples." International Review of Social History 38, no. 3 (December 1993): 369–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020859000112131.

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Systematic comparison was alien to the historicist paradigm which dominated historical research and literature in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, particularly in Germany. Anyone aiming to reconstruct historical phenomena as individual events, study them under the aspect of ”development” and understand them in their context would not be interested in systematic identification of similarities and differences or in their explanation. Narrative and comparison were and are opposites. Without conceptual explanation and theoretical input, historical comparison is not possible. Because German historians were strongly influenced by the historicist paradigm until well into the second third of the twentieth century, systematic comparison did not play a major role in their work. In essence it was left to important outsiders like Otto Hintze and historically oriented sociologists like Max Weber.
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Nitsche, Natalie, and Karl Ulrich Mayer. "Subjective Perceptions of Employment Mobility: A Comparison of East and West Germany." Comparative Sociology 12, no. 2 (2013): 184–210. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15691330-12341260.

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Abstract There is an ongoing debate over whether the stability of working lives in Germany has declined in recent decades. In this piece, we contribute to the literature by arguing that subjective mobility perceptions, hence individuals’ self-reported mobility desires and experiences, should receive more attention in the debate. While it is, for example, well known that German reunification affected worklife mobility of East Germans through high unemployment and firm mobility, little is known about subjective mobility desires, specifically in an East-West German comparative perspective. Using a retrospective cross-sectional data set from 2005, we therefore investigate East-West German differences in retrospective and future mobility desires and subjectively reported mobility experiences and expectations. We also examine if there is evidence for East-West German differences in voluntary versus involuntary employment mobility. Our findings indeed show that retrospectively reported desires for stable working lives are more prevalent among East Germans. In addition, we find suggestive evidence for elevated levels of undesired firm mobility and employment interruptions among East Germans born between 1945 and 1965, and for increases in undesired employment interruptions and firm mobility among younger West German but not East German men. These latter results serve as suggestive evidence for future hypothesis building only, since our data does not provide information on the desirability of specific mobility events but on cumulative experiences and retrospective mobility desires only.
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Druxes, Helga, Christopher Thomas Goodwin, Catriona Corke, Carol Hager, Sabine von Mering, Randall Newnham, and Jeff Luppes. "Book Reviews." German Politics and Society 36, no. 3 (September 1, 2018): 111–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/gps.2018.360306.

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David D. Kim, Cosmopolitan Parables: Trauma and Responsibility in Contemporary Germany (Evanston: Northwestern University Press, 2017) Johann Chapoutot, Greeks, Romans, Germans: How the Nazis Usurped Europe’s Classical Past, trans. Richard R. Nybakken (Oakland: University of California Press, 2016) Kimberly Mair, Guerrilla Aesthetics: Art, Memory, and the West German Urban Guerrilla (Montreal: McGill-Queen’s University Press, 2016) David B. Audretsch and Erik E. Lehmann, The Seven Secrets of Germany: Economic Resilience in an Era of Global Turbulence (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2015) Craig Morris and Arne Jungjohann, Energy Democracy: Germany’s Energiewende to Renewables. (New York: Palgrave MacMillan, 2016) Peter Polek-Springer, Recovered Territory: A German-Polish Conflict over Land and Culture, 1919-1989 (Oxford: Berghahn Books, 2015) Manuel Borutta and Jan C. Jansen, ed., Vertriebene and Pieds-Noirs in Postwar Germany and France: Comparative Perspectives (Houndmills: Palgrave MacMillan, 2016).
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Kotliar, I. A., and E. O. Smirnova. "Game in Kindergartens of Germany and Russia." Современная зарубежная психология 5, no. 1 (2016): 39–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.17759/jmfp.2016050105.

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The article compares conditions for games and gaming activity status of preschool children in contemporary Russian and German kindergartens. It examines the organization of daily life activity of children in kindergartens in Germany. It shows that in a German kindergarten children are not strictly governed by adults and spend most of the time playing freely. It also presents the results of the comparative analysis of parental values concerning pre-school education in Russia and in Germany. The analysis of statements of the parents brought up in Soviet traditions, shows that they are dissatisfied with the lack of organized activities and the lack of care for a child in German kindergartens. German parents and teachers, on the contrary believe that caring for self-service, clothing, security is the child’s duty, and s/he should control his/her outer look, regulate sleeping, waking, eating, etc. Such autonomy of preschoolers represents itself in self-organization of free time, most part of which they spend playing. Preliminary comparative analysis of the state of play activities of children in tRussian and German kindergartens shows that the game of pre-school children in Germany is more independent, initiative and creative activity than in Russian children.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Comparative German"

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Eggemeyer, Emilie M. "From Germany to America a comparative study of small town German vernacular architecture in the Midwest /." Muncie, Ind. : Ball State University, 2009. http://cardinalscholar.bsu.edu/820.

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Te, Velde John R. "Coordination and German syntax /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/9935.

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Coutts, Natalie June. "Comparative molecular genetics of the German Shepherd dog." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/8622.

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Includes bibliographical references (leaves 105-111).
Microsatellite markers were used to measure genetic diversity and population differentiation within and between domestic dog breeds. The German Shepherd Dog was compared with typical outbred mongrel dogs, Dachshunds, Staffordshire Bull Terriers and a cohort of other pedigreed dogs representing 30 recognised breeds. Although archaeological records report that grey wolves (Canis lupus) were domesticated approximately 14 000 years ago, mtDNA analysis suggests that domestic dogs (Canis familiaris) and grey wolves diverged in multiple events over 100 000 years ago. Subsequently, the movement of humans and their dogs resulted in extensive gene flow between dog populations for thousands of years. Breeding practices to obtain distinctive pnenotypic uniformity were recently introduced, resulting in pure-bred dogs becoming essentially closed gene pools. However, further mtDNA analyses have reported unexpectedly high levels of variability, supported by microsatellite loci with heterogeneities of between 36% and 55% being reported for some dog breeds. Microsatellite analyses of 15 polymorphic canine loci are reported. German Shepherd Dogs and outbred mongrel dogs expressed diversity values of 4.0 alleles per locus in the former and 6.4 in the later (corrected for population size by jack-knifing with 1 000 pseudoreplications), with expected heterozygosities of 62% and 83%, respectively. German Shepherd Dogs showed a moderate loss of genetic diversity relative to outbred dogs, but not sufficient to describe the breed as highly inbred. However, in comparison with other pure-bred dogs examined, they expressed the least genetic diversity, with Dachshunds having 5.2, Staffordshire Bull Terriers 4.8 and the composite group of pedigreed dogs 6.0 alleles per locus, with expected heterozygosities of 72%, 67% and 80%, respectively. Significant population differentiation (GST = 0.103; RST = 0.058) between German Shepherd Dogs and the outbred dogs illustrates the effect of genetic drift since the breed was established just over 100 years ago. This study would benefit future breeding programs, as management should be facilitated by knowledge of relative measures of inbreeding and differentiation, especially between various separate breeding stocks within the breed.
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Stark, John Robert. "The Overlooked Majority: German Women in the Four Zones of Occupied Germany, 1945-1949, a Comparative Study." Columbus, OH : Ohio State University, 2003. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1045174197.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Ohio State University, 2003.
Title from first page of PDF file. Document formatted into pages; contains viii, 433 p.: ill., maps (some col.). Includes abstract and vita. Advisor: Alan Beyerchen, Dept. of History. Includes bibliographical references (p. 424-433). Abstract available online via OhioLINK's ETD Center; full text currently unavailable.
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Illich, Niles Stefan. "German imperialism in the ottoman empire: a comparative study." Texas A&M University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/85842.

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The conventional understanding of German expansion abroad, between unification (1871) and the First World War (1914), is that Germany established colonies in Africa, the Pacific Islands, and to a lesser degree in China. This colonialism began in 1884 with the recognition of German Southwest Africa. This dissertation challenges these conventionally accepted notions about German expansion abroad. The challenge presented by this dissertation is a claim that German expansionism included imperial activity in the Ottoman Empire. Although the Germans did not develop colonies in the Ottoman Empire, German activity in the Middle East conformed closely to the established model for imperialism in the Ottoman Empire; the British established this model in the 1840s. By considering the economic, political, military, educational, and cultural activities of the Germans in the Ottoman Empire it is evident that the Ottoman Empire must be considered in the historiography of German expansionism. When expanding into the Ottoman Empire the Germans followed the model established by the British. Although deeply involved in the Ottoman Empire, German activity was not militaristic or even aggressive. Indeed, the Germans asserted themselves less successfully than the British or the French. Thus, this German expansion into the Ottoman Empire simultaneously addresses the question of German exceptionalism.
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Ritchie, Amanda Ross. "Margaret Fuller and the politics of German sensibility." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/289215.

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This study seeks to accomplish two goals. First, it will reestablish Margaret Fuller (1810-1850) as America's first important interpreter of Johann Wolfgang Goethe (1749-1832), Germany's best-known lyric poet. The study includes full transcription and complete annotation of Fuller's Reading Journal O manuscript detailing the experimental series of Conversations on Goethe that Fuller conducted in the spring or summer of 1839. The manuscript suggests that Fuller was an expert on all of Goethe's works, not just on his literary oeuvre. The experimental series of Conversations on Goethe was a prototype for the Boston Conversations for Women, those watershed events in the history of the American women's movement that Fuller envisioned and then carried out between the fall of 1839, and the winter of 1844. Second, this study will examine Fuller's debt to German sensibility as she found it in Goethe and other German writers of the eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries. Fuller learned Innerlichkeit, inwardness, and Gelassenheit, or serenity, from her long study of German letters. Her incorporation of German sensibility was useful to her in two ways. First, German sensibility was important to Fuller's unique pedagogical philosophy. By encouraging her students to practice German sensibility, Fuller taught them how to educate themselves through their own initiatives. Second, German sensibility facilitated Fuller's critical stance, thereby aiding in the development of her feminism. Fuller's discussion of Iphigenia, the heroine of Goethe's classical play called Iphigenia at Tauris, displays the extent of her reliance on German sensibility in creating her most insightful feminist writings. Fuller wrote about Goethe's Iphigenia in the July 1841 issue of the transcendentalist journal called the Dial. Her remarks a there prove that her feminism was fully developed two years before she wrote "The Great Lawsuit: Man vs. Men, Woman vs. Women," the essay she expanded and later published as Woman in the Nineteenth Century.
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Krebs, Thomas. "Failure of consideration : a comparative study." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.264584.

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Cady, Alyssa R. "Representing the Holocaust: German and American Museums in Comparative Perspective." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1470051050.

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Gallei, Francisco. ""American and German fighter control through 1945 : a comparative study" /." Maxwell AFB, Ala. : School of Advanced Air and Space Studies, 2008. https://www.afresearch.org/skins/rims/display.aspx?moduleid=be0e99f3-fc56-4ccb-8dfe-670c0822a153&mode=user&action=downloadpaper&objectid=ea38929a-0944-4114-9d4f-e41f66d3cec5&rs=PublishedSearch.

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Taleghani-Nikazm, Carmen Masoomeh. "Politeness in native-nonnative speakers' interaction : some manifestations of Persian taarof in the interaction among Iranian speakers of German with German native speakers /." Digital version accessible at:, 1999. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/main.

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Books on the topic "Comparative German"

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Pilch, Herbert. Comparative Anglo-German linguistics. Aachen: Shaker Verlag, 1999.

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Youngs, Raymond. English, French and German comparative law. London: Cavendish, 1997.

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Youngs, Raymond. English, French, and German comparative law. London: Cavendish Pub., 1998.

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Artemis, Alexiadou, ed. Advances in comparative Germanic syntax. Philadelphia, PA: John Benjamins Pub. Company, 2009.

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Nickl, Benjamin, Stefan Popenici, and Deane Blackler, eds. Transnational German Education and Comparative Education Systems. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-36252-2.

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1936-, Lehmann Hartmut, and Wellenreuther Hermann, eds. German and American nationalism: A comparative perspective. Oxford: Berg, 1999.

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Müller, F. Max. Chips from a German workshop. New York: C. Scribner, 1988.

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Jan-Wouter, Zwart C., and Abraham Werner, eds. Studies in comparative Germanic syntax: Proceedings from the 15th Workshop on Comparative Germanic Syntax. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Pub., 2002.

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Lexical segmentation in Slovak and German. Berlin: Akademie Verlag, 2009.

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Müller, F. Max. Chips from a German workshop. Chico, Calif: Scholars Press, 1985.

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Book chapters on the topic "Comparative German"

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Veit, Ulrich. "Toward a Historical Sociology of German Archaeology." In Comparative Archaeologies, 53–77. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-8225-4_3.

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Liska, Vivian. "The Untimeliness of German Expressionism." In Comparative History of Literatures in European Languages, 195–206. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/chlel.xxi.16lis.

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Lioe, Kim Eduard. "A Comparative Law." In Armed Forces in Law Enforcement Operations? - The German and European Perspective, 1–188. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-15434-8_1.

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Bröhmer, Jürgen. "Subsidiarity and the German Constitution." In Ius Gentium: Comparative Perspectives on Law and Justice, 129–56. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-8810-6_8.

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Grote, Rainer. "The German Rechtsstaat in a Comparative Perspective." In The Legal Doctrines of the Rule of Law and the Legal State (Rechtsstaat), 193–207. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-05585-5_13.

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Dennis, Mike, and Jonathan Grix. "The East German Model in Comparative Context." In Sport under Communism, 171–86. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230369030_9.

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Sondrup, Steven P. "Aspects of German Romantic Musical Discourse." In Comparative History of Literatures in European Languages, 403–19. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/chlel.xviii.31son.

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Mascarenhas, R. C. "German Capitalism: The Social Market Model." In A Comparative Political Economy of Industrial Capitalism, 167–98. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230597808_9.

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Stürner, Michael. "How International Should the German Einheitsjurist Be?" In Ius Comparatum - Global Studies in Comparative Law, 115–30. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-29125-3_7.

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Behler, Ernst. "The Theory of Irony in German Romanticism." In Comparative History of Literatures in European Languages, 43. Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/chlel.viii.07beh.

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Conference papers on the topic "Comparative German"

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Sonntag, Gerit P., Thomas Portele, Felicitas Haas, and Joachim Köhler. "Comparative evaluation of six German TTS systems." In 6th European Conference on Speech Communication and Technology (Eurospeech 1999). ISCA: ISCA, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.21437/eurospeech.1999-66.

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Kalenahalli Sudarshan, Pratap, Michaela Kauer, and Ralph Bruder. "A Comparative Study of Design Perceptions of Vehicle Cluster Instruments by Designers and Non-Designers in India and Germany." In Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics Conference (2022). AHFE International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1001231.

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Cultural differences in the perception of products can be studied by using the Repertory Grid Technique (RGT) where the idiosyncratic views of individuals are studied. This study examines the perceptions and prioritization of attributes with regard to six existing vehicle cluster instrument designs with thirteen designers each from India and Germany along with thirteen non-designers each from India and Germany (i.e., comparing German designers with Indian non-designers and Indian designers with German non-designers). The elicited constructs from interviews using RGT were categorized according to Hassenzhal’s (2004) Pragmatic and Hedonic qualities and their subcategories. The categorized data was compared along three metrics of Dominance, Importance and Descriptive Richness. Comparing designers and non-designers across cultures indicated differences in perceptions owing to the cultural background and education in design. For example, German designers emphasized the pragmatic aspects in comparison to Indian non-designers. Alternatively, Indian designers placed more importance to the Identification aspects (ex., exclusive, premium, sporty, etc) when compared to German non-designers. The design implications of these findings provide hints to designers on how to go about designing for Indian and German audiences.
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Bertl, S., and J. Detlefsen. "Comparative Description of Setups for MMW-Imaging of Persons." In 2009 German Microwave Conference (GeMIC 2009). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/gemic.2009.4815907.

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Belyaev, А. "COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF AGRICULTURAL VOCABULARY IN GERMAN AND RUSSIAN." In GERMAN IN BASHKORTOSTAN: PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS. Baskir State University, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.33184/nyvb-2021-04-06.2.

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Pucknat, Lisa, Maren Pielka, and Rafet Sifa. "Detecting Contradictions in German Text: A Comparative Study." In 2021 IEEE Symposium Series on Computational Intelligence (SSCI). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ssci50451.2021.9659881.

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Kuhlmann, Karsten, and Arne F. Jacob. "Antenna arrays on rectangular and triangular grids for polarization multiplexing - a comparative study." In 2009 German Microwave Conference (GeMIC 2009). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/gemic.2009.4815896.

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Feraru, Silvia Monica, and Marius Dan Zbancioc. "Comparative analysis between SROL - Romanian database and Emo - German database." In 2015 International Symposium on Signals, Circuits and Systems (ISSCS). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/isscs.2015.7204015.

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Omakaeva, Ellara Ulyaevna. "Comparative Study Of Kalmyk, Russian And German Animalistic Proverbial Texts." In International Scientific Congress «Knowledge, Man and Civilization». European Publisher, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.15405/epsbs.2022.12.106.

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Moharekpour, Milad, Stefan Hoeller, and Markus Oeser. "A comparative study of crack behavior of continuously reinforced concrete pavements (CRCP) on three sections in Germany." In 12th International Conference on Concrete Pavements. International Society for Concrete Pavements, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.33593/4pr5xno7.

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The traffic volume and the amount of heavy traffic on German motorways increased steadily. To guarantee mobility and reduce the national economic costs, road construction with maximum service life, minimum maintenance and minimum traffic restrictions for maintenance are needed. Continuously reinforced concrete pavement (CRCP) are extremely durable in terms of use and maintenance. CRCP offer lower thickness, no transversal joints and the possibility to improve skid resistance and reduction of noise emissions through a thin asphalt surface. The performance of CRCP is influenced by a number of specific characteristics such as the thickness and the quality of the concrete, the longitudinal and transversal reinforcement, the base layer and the environmental conditions. These aspects influence the crack pattern, crack distance and crack widths. In Germany CRCP is in the stage of field testing. From 1997 to today, a total of 8 sections with many variations have been constructed. A detailed comparative study of these sections has been lacking. As part of a research project, the RWTH University and the German Federal Highway Research Institute (BASt) are investigating these sections in CRCP with and without an asphalt surface in Germany and compare it to the Belgium standard constructions. Three CRCP sections were selected and evaluated throughout Germany. The aim is to evaluate the different designs in the sections in terms of their behavior, to quantify achievable service life, necessary maintenance and availability. From this, a preferred variant of the construction is designed and implemented on a motorway in Germany as part of a trial site.
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Li, Liangshan. "Notice of Retraction: Comparative research on the Sino-German Industrial democracy." In 2011 2nd International Conference on Artificial Intelligence, Management Science and Electronic Commerce (AIMSEC 2011). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/aimsec.2011.6010157.

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Reports on the topic "Comparative German"

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Krueger, Alan, and Jorn-Steffen Pischke. A Comparative Analysis of East and West German Labor Markets: Before and After Unification. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, August 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w4154.

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Bodnar, Gordon, and Gunther Gebhardt. Derivatives Usage in Risk Management by US and German Non-Financial Firms: A Comparative Survey. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, August 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w6705.

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Klüsener, Sebastian, Karel Neels, and Michaela R. Kreyenfeld. Social norms, family policies, and fertility trends: insights from a comparative study on the German-speaking region in Belgium. Rostock: Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, March 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4054/mpidr-wp-2013-003.

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Urfels, Marie. From state support to market and financialization measures in crisis times: A comparative literature review of the Swedish and German housing systems. Malmö University, Faculty of Culture and Society (KS), 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.24834/isbn.9789178772605.

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This paper present the findings of an extensive literature review on the housing systems in Germany and Sweden. The literature review majorly focuses on the rental housing sector but also touches upon other segments of the housing market, especially the cooperative housing sector. The report thus provides a general overview and situates the rental sector in the wider context of the overall housing market in the two countries. The paper adds valuable knowledge about the large differences in the post-war responses to the housing shortage in Germany and Sweden. While Sweden responded with a universal off-market approach to housing, (West) Germany implemented a dualist housing system within a social market economy. Despite differences in past solutions, the contemporary problems seem to be similar. The report concludes that, in the search of a response to the current housing crisis, Germany sees a re-emergence of the state, while Sweden’s next moves are uncertain.
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Pearsall, G. H. The Effects of World War II Submarine Campaigns of Germany and the United States; A Comparative Analysis. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, May 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada283407.

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Bourrier, Mathilde, Michael Deml, and Farnaz Mahdavian. Comparative report of the COVID-19 Pandemic Responses in Norway, Sweden, Germany, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. University of Stavanger, November 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.31265/usps.254.

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The purpose of this report is to compare the risk communication strategies and public health mitigation measures implemented by Germany, Norway, Sweden, Switzerland, and the United Kingdom (UK) in 2020 in response to the COVID-19 pandemic based on publicly available documents. The report compares the country responses both in relation to one another and to the recommendations and guidance of the World Health Organization where available. The comparative report is an output of Work Package 1 from the research project PAN-FIGHT (Fighting pandemics with enhanced risk communication: Messages, compliance and vulnerability during the COVID-19 outbreak), which is financially supported by the Norwegian Research Council's extraordinary programme for corona research. PAN-FIGHT adopts a comparative approach which follows a “most different systems” variation as a logic of comparison guiding the research (Przeworski & Teune, 1970). The countries in this study include two EU member States (Sweden, Germany), one which was engaged in an exit process from the EU membership (the UK), and two non-European Union states, but both members of the European Free Trade Association (EFTA): Norway and Switzerland. Furthermore, Germany and Switzerland govern by the Continental European Federal administrative model, with a relatively weak central bureaucracy and strong subnational, decentralised institutions. Norway and Sweden adhere to the Scandinavian model—a unitary but fairly decentralised system with power bestowed to the local authorities. The United Kingdom applies the Anglo-Saxon model, characterized by New Public Management (NPM) and decentralised managerial practices (Einhorn & Logue, 2003; Kuhlmann & Wollmann, 2014; Petridou et al., 2019). In total, PAN-FIGHT is comprised of 5 Work Packages (WPs), which are research-, recommendation-, and practice-oriented. The WPs seek to respond to the following research questions and accomplish the following: WP1: What are the characteristics of governmental and public health authorities’ risk communication strategies in five European countries, both in comparison to each other and in relation to the official strategies proposed by WHO? WP2: To what extent and how does the general public’s understanding, induced by national risk communication, vary across five countries, in relation to factors such as social capital, age, gender, socio-economic status and household composition? WP3: Based on data generated in WP1 and WP2, what is the significance of being male or female in terms of individual susceptibility to risk communication and subsequent vulnerability during the COVID-19 outbreak? WP4: Based on insight and knowledge generated in WPs 1 and 2, what recommendations can we offer national and local governments and health institutions on enhancing their risk communication strategies to curb pandemic outbreaks? WP5: Enhance health risk communication strategies across five European countries based upon the knowledge and recommendations generated by WPs 1-4. Pre-pandemic preparedness characteristics All five countries had pandemic plans developed prior to 2020, which generally were specific to influenza pandemics but not to coronaviruses. All plans had been updated following the H1N1 pandemic (2009-2010). During the SARS (2003) and MERS (2012) outbreaks, both of which are coronaviruses, all five countries experienced few cases, with notably smaller impacts than the H1N1 epidemic (2009-2010). The UK had conducted several exercises (Exercise Cygnet in 2016, Exercise Cygnus in 2016, and Exercise Iris in 2018) to check their preparedness plans; the reports from these exercises concluded that there were gaps in preparedness for epidemic outbreaks. Germany also simulated an influenza pandemic exercise in 2007 called LÜKEX 07, to train cross-state and cross-department crisis management (Bundesanstalt Technisches Hilfswerk, 2007). In 2017 within the context of the G20, Germany ran a health emergency simulation exercise with WHO and World Bank representatives to prepare for potential future pandemics (Federal Ministry of Health et al., 2017). Prior to COVID-19, only the UK had expert groups, notably the Scientific Advisory Group for Emergencies (SAGE), that was tasked with providing advice during emergencies. It had been used in previous emergency events (not exclusively limited to health). In contrast, none of the other countries had a similar expert advisory group in place prior to the pandemic. COVID-19 waves in 2020 All five countries experienced two waves of infection in 2020. The first wave occurred during the first half of the year and peaked after March 2020. The second wave arrived during the final quarter. Norway consistently had the lowest number of SARS-CoV-2 infections per million. Germany’s counts were neither the lowest nor the highest. Sweden, Switzerland and the UK alternated in having the highest numbers per million throughout 2020. Implementation of measures to control the spread of infection In Germany, Switzerland and the UK, health policy is the responsibility of regional states, (Länders, cantons and nations, respectively). However, there was a strong initial centralized response in all five countries to mitigate the spread of infection. Later on, country responses varied in the degree to which they were centralized or decentralized. Risk communication In all countries, a large variety of communication channels were used (press briefings, websites, social media, interviews). Digital communication channels were used extensively. Artificial intelligence was used, for example chatbots and decision support systems. Dashboards were used to provide access to and communicate data.
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Tuñón, J., and U. Carral. Twitter as a tool for the communication of European Union. Comparative analysis in Germany, United Kingdom and Spain. Revista Latina de Comunicación Social, July 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4185/rlcs-2019-1380en.

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Jeletzky, J. A., and E. Kemper. Comparative paleontology and stratigraphy of valanginian polyptychitinae and simbirskitinae in Sverdrup Basin [Arctic Canada] and lower Saxony Basin [Northwest Germany]. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/126939.

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Bender, Stefan, Annette Kohlmann, and Stefan Lang. Women, work, and motherhood: changing employment penalties for motherhood in West Germany after 1945 - a comparative analysis of cohorts born in 1934-1971. Rostock: Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, February 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.4054/mpidr-wp-2003-006.

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Kerlen, Christiane, Sonja Kind, Karoline Rodriguez, Leo Wangler, Guido Zink, and Jan Wessels. Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic on R&D Funding Schemes in Germany - First Results of a Comparative Analysis of Empirical Data. Fteval - Austrian Platform for Research and Technology Policy Evaluation, April 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.22163/fteval.2022.539.

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In 2020 and 2021, practically all areas of work and life were under the influence of the Corona pandemic. In the course of 2020, it was already apparent that the consequences of the Corona crisis would also have a considerable impact on grant recipients and their projects and thus on the implementation and goal achievement of the funding programmes, and that this would be reflected in the results of evaluations. From the perspective of an evaluation of innovation funding programmes, the Corona pandemic represents an external influencing factor that could negatively affect the intended impact of a funding programme with regard to the successful implementation of innovation projects and behavioural change of actors towards innovation orientation. This article provides initial answers to the questions of what effects the Corona pandemic has on innovation promotion, what adaptation strategies can be observed and how these can be provisionally evaluated. For this purpose, the authors of this paper draw on current, as yet unpublished data from evaluation surveys in 2020 and 2021.
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