Relevant bibliographies by topics / Community Services Training Package

Academic literature on the topic 'Community Services Training Package'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Community Services Training Package"

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McConkey, Roy, Sue Macdonald, Marlene Sinclair, and Igor Veljkovik. "Training community nurses on supporting families with children who have developmental difficulties: lessons from the former Yugoslavian Republic of Macedonia." Advances in Mental Health and Intellectual Disabilities 8, no. 6 (October 28, 2014): 370–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/amhid-04-2014-0008.

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Purpose – In the former Yugoslavian republics, community nursing services are not well developed to support families with infants who have developmental problems. The purpose of this paper is to design an in-service training package for nurses on supporting families of children with developmental disabilities. Design/methodology/approach – A conceptual framework evolved to guide the design and content of the training package which was further consulted on with local partners. A cascade model of training was adopted, based largely on experiential learning. A nine-session training package (around 20 hours in all) was devised and a Training for Trainers workshop held to prepare them to use the package in their locality. The in-service training of nurses is ongoing during 2014-2015. Findings – Key findings are presented in relation to perceived training needs; the key features of the Training Framework; the content and teaching methods used and the outcomes of the Training for Trainers workshop. Ongoing evaluations will assess the impact of the training on community nurses and on families. Originality/value – This study provides a conceptual model for the provision of effective in-service training on developmental disabilities for community personnel throughout the region and internationally.
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Brooker, Charles, Nicholas Tarrier, Christine Barrowclough, Anthony Butterworth, and David Goldberg. "Training Community Psychiatric Nurses for Psychosocial Intervention." British Journal of Psychiatry 160, no. 6 (June 1992): 836–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.160.6.836.

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Community psychiatric nurses were trained to deliver psychosocial intervention to clients with a diagnosis of schizophrenia living at home with relatives. The training package consisted of family assessment, health education, and family stress management strategies. In a ‘quasi-experimental’ design, a sample of families (n = 54) were recruited to either a control or experimental condition and followed up for 12 months. A number of favourable outcomes were observed in the experimental group, including improvements in the client's target symptoms, personal functioning, and social adjustment. Relatives' satisfaction with services increased and reports of their own minor psychiatric morbidity improved.
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Hemmings, Colin, and Alaa Al‐Sheikh. "Expert opinions on community services for people with intellectual disabilities and mental health problems." Advances in Mental Health and Intellectual Disabilities 7, no. 3 (May 10, 2013): 169–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/20441281311320756.

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PurposeThere has been limited evidence on which to base services in the community for people who have intellectual disabilities and coexisting mental health problems. Recent research involving service users, carers and professionals has identified a number of key service components that community services should provide. More detail is needed to explore how best these components could be implemented and delivered. This paper aims to discuss these issues.Design/methodology/approachA total of 14 multidisciplinary professionals from specialist intellectual disabilities services in the UK were interviewed about their opinions on four key areas of community service provision. These included the review and monitoring of service users, their access to social, leisure and occupational activities, the support, advice and training around mental health for a person's family or carers and “out of hours” and crisis responses. The interview data was used for coding using the NVivo 7 software package and then analyzed using thematic analysis.FindingsAnalysis of participants' views on these key essential service components produced wider themes of importance. The ten major emergent themes for services were: their configuration/structure, their clarity of purpose/care pathways, their joint working, their training, their flexibility, their resources, their evidence‐base, being holistic/multidisciplinary, being needs‐led/personalised and providing accessible information.Originality/valueThese views of experts can help inform further research for the development and the evaluation of services.
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Myers, Kevan, Simon Kroes, Sarah O’Connor, and Melissa Petrakis. "Reasons for Use Package: Outcomes From a Case Comparison Evaluation." Research on Social Work Practice 30, no. 7 (May 11, 2020): 783–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1049731520915636.

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The objective was to explore the efficacy of a dual diagnosis resource—the Reasons For Use Package (RFUP)—to build staff capacity to work with service users and explore service user experiences. A two-state case comparison evaluation was conducted employing a mixed methods action research design, utilizing staff and service user surveys combined with focus groups involving staff trained and mentored in use of the RFUP. Results were that both staff and service users responded positively to the RFUP. Staff self-reported improvements in knowledge and confidence, and service users reported the RFUP assisted them with reflecting on interactions between their mental health and substance use; this assisted them with goal planning and improved their working relationship with staff. Implications were that training and mentoring in the RFUP can contribute to building staff knowledge and confidence in dual diagnosis interventions in mental health community services, and benefit service users.
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Aynalem, Bewket Yeserah, and Misganaw Fikrie Melesse. "Health extension service utilization and associated factors in East Gojjam zone, Northwest Ethiopia: A community-based cross-sectional study." PLOS ONE 16, no. 8 (August 19, 2021): e0256418. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0256418.

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Introduction Health Extension Program is a preventive, promotive, and basic curative service targeting households to improve the health status of families with the effective implementation of 16 health extension packages. We, therefore, did this study to assess health extension package utilization and associated factors in the East Gojjam zone, Northwest Ethiopia. Methods A community-based mixed cross-sectional study was conducted on households of East Gojjam Zone, from January 1 to April 30, 2020. A multistage sampling procedure was used to select 806 study participants in this study. We used EPI info version 7 for data entry and SPSS version 24 software for cleaning and analysis. Variables having a P-value of less than 0.25 in the bivariate logistic regression analysis were fitted into the multivariable logistic regression model. The 95% confidence interval of odds ratio was computed and a variable having P-value less than 0.05 in the multivariable logistic regression analysis was considered as statistically significant. Results The study showed that 119 (14.8%) respondents have utilized health extension packages. Knowledge health extension package (AOR = 1.84, 95% CI: 1.22, 2.79), residence (AOR = 3.55, 95% CI: 1.99,6.33),visited health post(AOR = 1.63, 95% CI: 1.054,2.50), home visited by health extension worker (AOR = 1,68, 95% CI: 1.025,2.74) and involving in model family training(AOR = 2.10, 95% CI: 1.38,3.215) were significant factors for health extension service utilization. Conclusion The magnitude of health extension service utilization was low since the Ethiopian government recommends 100% health extension service utilization coverage. Knowledge of health extension package, residence, health post-visit, home visit, and model family training were significant factors for health extension service utilization. So expanding the model family training and strict home-to-home visit especially in rural areas may increase the health extension package utilization.
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Viljoen, Lario, Tila Mainga, Rozanne Casper, Constance Mubekapi-Musadaidzwa, Dillon T. Wademan, Virginia A. Bond, Triantafyllos Pliakas, et al. "Community-based health workers implementing universal access to HIV testing and treatment: lessons from South Africa and Zambia—HPTN 071 (PopART)." Health Policy and Planning 36, no. 6 (May 8, 2021): 881–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/heapol/czab019.

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Abstract The global expansion of HIV testing, prevention and treatment services is necessary to achieve HIV epidemic control and promote individual and population health benefits for people living with HIV (PLHIV) in sub-Saharan Africa. Community-based health workers (CHWs) could play a key role in supporting implementation at scale. In the HPTN 071 (PopART) trial in Zambia and South Africa, a cadre of 737 study-specific CHWs, working closely with government-employed CHW, were deployed to deliver a ‘universal’ door-to-door HIV prevention package, including an annual offer of HIV testing and referral services for all households in 14 study communities. We conducted a process evaluation using qualitative and quantitative data collected during the trial (2013–2018) to document the implementation of the CHW intervention in practice. We focused on the recruitment, retention, training and support of CHWs, as they delivered study-specific services. We then used these descriptions to: (i) analyse the fidelity to design of the delivery of the intervention package, and (ii) suggest key insights for the transferability of the intervention to other settings. The data included baseline quantitative data collected with the study-specific CHWs (2014–2018); and qualitative data from key informant interviews with study management (n = 91), observations of CHW training events (n = 12) and annual observations of and group discussions (GD) with intervention staff (n = 68). We show that it was feasible for newly recruited CHWs to implement the PopART intervention with good fidelity, supporting the interpretation of the trial outcome findings. This was despite some challenges in managing service quality and CHW retention in the early years of the programme. We suggest that by prioritizing the adoption of key elements of the in-home HIV services delivery intervention model—including training, emotional support to workers, monitoring and appropriate remuneration for CHWs—these services could be successfully transferred to new settings.
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Abdillah, Annur Ahadi, Eka Saputra, Adriana Monica Sahidu, and Dwi Yuli Pujiastuti. "Packaging Design and Marketing of Online Seaweed Products in Aeng Dake Village, Bluto District, Sumenep Regency." Journal of Marine and Coastal Science 7, no. 3 (July 14, 2020): 120. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/jmcs.v7i3.20738.

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Online marketing training is given to the fishermen groups of Karang Baru and Fisheries Vocational School Nasyrul Ulum Aeng Dake covering about the theory of marketing concepts, use of Web media and social media and online marketing-based governance. Community service is expected to be able to provide the ability of the community to package products into attractive packaging and the community can use marketing online so as to expand the reach of marketing, namely reaching regional and national areas. With the community service, it is expected to increase the economy of the seaweed grass cultivation community in Aeng Dake Subdistrict Seaweed Village. Community service activities are carried out by various methods, namely theoretical and practical training and assistance in online marketing media management activities. and practices aimed at students of the Nasyul Ulum Aeng Dake Vocational School of Fisheries Products Processing. The training provided was in the form of introducing various kinds of interesting packaging forms. The training activities continued on the direct practice of product packaging as well as presentations from student students regarding packaged products. The activity aimed at the Karang Baru fishermen group is in the form of assistance in making online marketing media, namely web and social media.
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Taib, Fahisham, Hans Van Rostenberghe, and Nurul Adilah Muhammad. "Pediatric Palliative Care in Kelantan: A Community Engagement Model." Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science 15, no. 1 (April 11, 2016): 51–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjms.v15i1.27139.

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Holistic package of palliative care service for children is not available in most places in the South East Asia. This has resulted in unwanted suffering and loss of hope in the unfortunate families. Pediatric palliative care (PPC) is a new subspecialty in Malaysia. In our region, it was started in 2012 as a University’s ‘community engagement project’ following completion of self-initiated palliative care distance learning in Australia by a pediatrician. The grant was labeled as a flagship project and secured under the Division of Community & Industry Network of USM (BJIM) to provide service in the hospital and outreach home based PPC services, which include nursing care, needs assessment and psychosocial support for the patients and caregivers. ‘Knowledge transfer program’ was initiated, in collaboration with Yayasan Orang Kurang Upaya (YOKUK) or Kelantan Foundation for the Disabled, to equip the outreach team with skills dealing with children with life limiting illnesses (LLI) in Kelantan. The move has propagated regular training setup with transformational program from hospital to community settings. This setup has led to mutual cooperation across the disciplines and provided linkages for stronger networking and training either locally or internationally. Better understanding on the importance of palliative care in the community can be achieved by having active community participation and volunteerism.Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.15(1) 2016 p.51-56
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Macpherson, R., N. Hovey, A. Khan, G. Riley, and K. Taralipoyina. "Individual care packages for people with severe mental illness: a description of their implementation in an English County." Irish Journal of Psychological Medicine 30, no. 2 (May 31, 2013): 125–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/ipm.2013.21.

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BackgroundThis paper includes a brief review of the historical and policy background to a new form of supported accommodation, the Individual Care Package (ICP). This is a co-ordinated, individualised and flexible method to support people with complex mental health problems in the community.MethodThe study aimed to describe the implementation of this new form of care in Gloucestershire, England, over a 5-year period. We aimed to audit the quality of care in the packages against six care standards, derived by a project steering group. Staff working in community mental health services and staff providing ICPs were asked to report their levels of satisfaction with care provision.ResultsA total of 35 ICPs were developed, mostly relating to service users with severe mental illness. Only 60% of the community mental health team key workers were aware of the expected level of care. In many cases, service users were accessing support from day services or family alongside the ICP. Four service users were admitted, and four moved accommodation after going into ICPs. Overall, levels of care provided within ICPs tended to remain static. Trust key workers were mostly satisfied with the support provided in ICPs, but a range of concerns were expressed. ICP staff reported mostly positive views about the support that they received from statutory services, but also reported some concerns.ConclusionsICPs appeared to be successful in enabling a number of service users with complex difficulties to obtain and maintain tenancies in the community. There were some concerns about the quality of monitoring of the ICPs and some uncertainty about whether ICP staff would have the skills, support and training to promote recovery and increasing independence of service users. There was little evidence of service users moving on or reduction in care over time. There is a need for good inter-agency working for the successful deployment of this new form of service. There is also a need for more research, comparing ICPs with other forms of supported accommodation and considering the service user experience through qualitative research.
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Diema Konlan, Kennedy, Nathaniel Kossi Vivor, Isaac Gegefe, Imoro A. Abdul-Rasheed, Bertha Esinam Kornyo, and Isaac Peter Kwao. "The Practice of Home Visiting by Community Health Nurses as a Primary Healthcare Intervention in a Low-Income Rural Setting: A Descriptive Cross-Sectional Study in the Adaklu District of the Volta Region, Ghana." Scientific World Journal 2021 (March 24, 2021): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/8888845.

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Background. Home visit is an integral component of Ghana’s PHC delivery system. It is preventive and promotes health practice where health professionals render care to clients in their own environment and provide appropriate healthcare needs and social support services. This study describes the home visit practices in a rural district in the Volta Region of Ghana. Methodology. This descriptive cross-sectional study used 375 households and 11 community health nurses in the Adaklu district. Multistage sampling techniques were used to select 10 communities and study respondents using probability sampling methods. A pretested self-designed questionnaire and an interview guide for household members and community health nurses, respectively, were used for data collection. Quantitative data collected were coded, cleaned, and analysed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences into descriptive statistics, while qualitative data were analysed using the NVivo software. Thematic analysis was engaged that embraces three interrelated stages, namely, data reduction, data display, and data conclusion. Results. Home visit is a routine responsibility of all CHNs. The factors that influence home visiting were community members’ education and attitude, supervision challenges, lack of incentives and lack of basic logistics, uncooperative attitude, community inaccessibility, financial constraint, and limited number of staff. Household members (62.3%) indicated that health workers did not adequately attend to minor ailments as 78% benefited from the service and wished more activities could be added to the home visiting package (24.5%). Conclusion. There should be tailored training of CHNs on home visits skills so that they could expand the scope of services that can be provided. Also, community-based health workers such as community health volunteers, traditional birth attendants, and community clinic attendants can also be trained to identify and address health problems in the homes.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Community Services Training Package"

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Auburn, Stephen Donald, and sauburn@optusnet com au. "Trust the process: stakeholder management using a transparent, evidence-based policy approach." RMIT University. Education, 2005. http://adt.lib.rmit.edu.au/adt/public/adt-VIT20060515.113429.

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In Australia, the development and implementation of National Training Packages has been a major tool in the drive to reform of the vocational education and training system. The main aim of the reform is to establish a national vocational and education system within a federal political system and to make vocational educations and training providers more responsive to the needs of industry, by industry specifying its skill needs through the mechanism of national Training Packages. The background to this workplace project, the Review of the Community Services Training Package, and this study, is established by a review of policy and literature in relation to national training reform issues and stakeholder management within a public policy context. This review established some principles of good practice in relation to stakeholder management. The industry context of the workplace project is discussed. The workplace project is then unpacked in some detail with specific reference to stakeholder management strategies and issues and some specific stakeholder groups. This exegesis goes on to explore stakeholder behaviour in this particular workplace project in its historical context of the introduction of Training Packages to the vocational education and training system. It explores the perspectives of teachers and industry on the implementation of Training Packages and in particular the gap between educational technologies and industry expectations of standards of work performance. The exegesis concludes with some suggestions of opportunities for enhanced workplace practice in stakeholder management and for further research. It also suggests a job of work for industry and teachers to develop new communities of practice around Training Packages as a means of bringing together their sometimes divergent interests.
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Holenstein, Hildegard. "A climate for change : education, training and the community psychiatric nurse." Thesis, Manchester Metropolitan University, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.292257.

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Petit-Mshana, Eileen J. "Training for effective district health management in Tanzania." Thesis, University of Bristol, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.296685.

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Voytenko, Vitaliy L. "Community-based care in Ukraine a pastoral training program /." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN) Access this title online, 2005. http://www.tren.com.

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Sinclair, M. "Midwives readiness to use high technology in the labour ward : implications for education and training." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.300999.

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Freeman, Marnie. "Evaluation of a training programme for carers working in community homes for those with learning difficulties." Thesis, University of Sussex, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.334831.

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Clark, Graham. "Rehabilitation care workers perceptions of the outcomes of a pilot training programme." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/15488.

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The South African National Development Plan (NDP) (National Planning Commission, 2011, p. 1) provides the road map for a reformed public health system by 2030. The proposed health system will be facilitated by, amongst others, training an appropriate balance of healthcare professional s including a cadre of community health workers (CHWs) that have a broad skills mix suited to reaching a larger number of people with first level intervention. With this in mind, a pilot group of CHWs were up-skilled as Rehabilitation Care Worker s (RCWs). The training program was a joint project between the Division of Disability Studies and the Departments of Occupational Therapy, Physiotherapy and Speech and Language Therapy at UCT. Problem: Little is known about the perspectives of RCWs on the benefits and challenges of additional training in rehabilitation and disability related skills. Rationale: To inform the curriculum for a rehabilitation care worker (RCW) training program and the Western Cape Department of Health (WCDoH) of ways in which this cadre of worker could contribute to the realization of the 2030 Healthcare Plan. Aim: To describe the outcomes of a pilot RCW training program from the perspective of the pilot group of graduates. The objectives were to identify the areas of practice where RCWs feel competent/incompetent, to identify aspects of the health services where RCWs believe they can contribute the most/the least and to identify the facilitators/barriers they experienced when deployed in the health field. Methodology: A qualitative descriptive study was conducted. Method: Focus groups were carried out with three groups of six participants. Findings: The plot that permeated the participants’ perspectives revolved around how the RCWs were pioneers in breaking new ground for the Western Cape Department of Health (WCDoH). Two themes informed the plot: "we move health services to a new level" and "we manage change in new ways". Discussion: It is argued that the pilot RCW curriculum achieved its’ objective of equipping a cadre of worker with basic rehabilitation, care and disability inclusion skills. While the envisaged role of RCWs in the health service and in making the NDP a reality is supported, it is argued that attention needs to be given to supervision structures and to training of all other health workers in order to promote inter professional practice. Conclusions: The pilot group of RCWs believe that they have acquired a new and large variety of skills that have enabled them to make a broad and positive impact in their places of work, at home and in the broader community.
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Misbach, Sadia. "The implementation of the rehabilitation service package in the Metropole Health District, Western Cape Province, South Africa." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2004. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&amp.

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This research investigated the availability and nature of the rehabilitation service at primary health care level rendered by rehabilitation staff in the Metropole district health services. The aim of the study was to determine the extent to which selected elements of the rehabilitation components of the primary health care service package are currently being implemented. In doing so, the study aimed to identify obstacles within the district management as perceived by rehabilitation therapists that hinder the implementation of the rehabilitation programme, so as to make recommendations for future planning.
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Crute, V. C. "Microtraining in health visitor education : An intensive examination of training outcomes, feedback processes and individual differences." Thesis, University of Ulster, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.373500.

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Bowers, Okema S. "Adjunct faculty perception of professional development and support services." Thesis, Regent University, 2013. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3571529.

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The purpose of this descriptive study was to investigate the adjunct faculty's perception of professional development and support services offered and needed at Tidewater Community College, a multicampus community college. This study involved adjunct faculty only. A survey was created and contained 58 survey questions. The majority of these were Likert-like items based on a scale from Strongly Agree, indicating a very important need or value for the adjunct, to Strongly Disagree, indicating a not important at all level of perceived value. In order to determine if other factors influenced the perception of professional development or support services, other questions asked for demographic information, such as education level, age, number of years in the professional field, and discipline/department. Except for education level, each of the independent variables accepted the null hypothesis that there is no statistically significant difference between adjunct faculty perception of institutional supports and the professional development and support services offered in terms of the independent variables. Findings from this study indicated that adjunct faculty perceived that professional development and support services are significant in improving their teaching and important to their role and success. Adjuncts want to better serve students and connect with the institution. Orientation and mentoring are highly regarded and requested to help integrate adjunct faculty into the college. The data indicated that adjunct faculty members want professional development that meets their specific instructional and student-centered needs that is offered during more accommodating times. The current professional development offerings are not well-attended and do not seem to meet the specific needs of this adjunct population. It behooves the administration to further investigate what is currently being done to support adjuncts and to address a means to improve the delivery and execution of all institutional supports. While this study provides useful information related to one community college, it is important that each community college examine closely its personal investment relative to the institutional support it provides to adjunct faculty members.

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Books on the topic "Community Services Training Package"

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Learner, Eva. Training in social and community services. Victoria: Brotherhood of St. Laurence, 1989.

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Malcolm, Payne. Writing for publication in social services journals: A training package. 2nd ed. London: Whiting & Birch, 1990.

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Pahl, Jan. Training staff to work in community care services. Canterbury: Centre for HealthServices Studies, University of Kent at Canterbury, 1990.

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Board, Ontario Social Assistance Review. Social Assistance Review: Consultation Package : Ontario Ministry of Community and Social Services. S.l: s.n, 1986.

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Harris, Val. Rural inequalities training pack. Thirsk: North Yorkshire Forum for Voluntary Organisations, 1998.

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A, Shonubi Pat, ed. Community oriented primary care: Training for urban practice. New York: Praeger, 1986.

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Queen's University of Belfast. School of Pharmacy. Pharmacy Practice Research Group. Health screening for health promotion: A self-study training package designed for community pharmacists. [Belfast]: [HMSO], 1990.

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GOVERNMENT, US. Community Opportunities, Accountability, and Training and Educational Services Act of 1998. [Washington, D.C: U.S. G.P.O., 1998.

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Ombudsman, Virginia Office of the State Long-Term Care. Training materials: Community meeting on home care. Richmond, VA (700 E. Franklin St., 10th floor, Richmond 23219): Office of the State Long-Term Care Ombudsman, Virginia Dept. for the Aging, 1990.

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Boyd, J. Edwin. Crisis intervention and conflict management training in the R.C.M.P.: A prescriptive package. [Ottawa]: Programs Branch, Ministry of the Solicitor General, 1985.

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Book chapters on the topic "Community Services Training Package"

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Kay, Jerald, and Victor Schwartz. "Psychiatry Residency Training in College Mental Health Services." In Mental Health Care in the College Community, 203–18. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470686836.ch11.

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Chin, Jean Lau. "The South Cove Community Health Center: An approach to community-based training." In Ethnic minority perspectives on clinical training and services in psychology., 149–53. Washington: American Psychological Association, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/10102-023.

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Lorion, Raymond P. "The Clinical/Community program at the University of Maryland." In Ethnic minority perspectives on clinical training and services in psychology., 97–103. Washington: American Psychological Association, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/10102-012.

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Salasin, Susan E., Thomas E. Backer, and Frank D. McGuirk. "The Human Resource Development Program: Improving community-based mental health services." In Serving the seriously mentally ill: Public–academic linkages in services, research, and training., 85–93. Washington: American Psychological Association, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/10141-009.

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Blanch, Andrea K. "The community support program and psychology: Trends and opportunities." In Serving the seriously mentally ill: Public–academic linkages in services, research, and training., 69–75. Washington: American Psychological Association, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/10141-007.

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Hargrove, David S. "The role of community mental health centers in public–academic linkages." In Serving the seriously mentally ill: Public–academic linkages in services, research, and training., 95–97. Washington: American Psychological Association, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/10141-010.

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Beleffi, Elena, Paola Mosconi, and Susan Sheridan. "The Patient Journey." In Textbook of Patient Safety and Clinical Risk Management, 117–27. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-59403-9_10.

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AbstractThe wide implementation of patient safety improvement efforts continues to face many barriers including insufficient involvement of all stakeholders in healthcare, lack of individual and organizational learning when medical errors occur and scarce investments in patient safety. The promotion of systems-based approaches offers methods and tools to improve the safety of care. A multidisciplinary perspective must include the involvement of patients and citizens as fundamental contributors to the design, implementation, and delivery of health services.The patient journey is a challenging example of using a systems approach. The inclusion of the patient’s viewpoint and experience about their health journey throughout the time of care and across all the care settings represents a key factor in improving patient safety. Patient engagement ensures that the design of healthcare services are aligned with the values, the preferences, and needs of the patient community and integrates the real-life experience and the skills of the people to enhance patient safety in the patient journey.The utmost priority to implement patient engagement is the training of patients. Therefore, training for both patients/families/advocates and health professionals is the foundation on which to build active engagement of patients and consequently an effective and efficient patient journey.The chapter offers examples of successful training courses designed to foster strategic alliances among healthcare professionals and researchers with patients and their organizations. Training of patients constitutes the first step to develop shared knowledge, co-produced projects, and the achievement of active multilevel participation of patients for the implementation of patient safety in the patient journey.
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Ferguson, K. Della. "Training for Community Programs." In Successful Models of Community Long Term Care Services for the Elderly, 81–83. Routledge, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315791784-16.

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"STAFF TRAINING AND DEVELOPMENT." In International Handbook of Community Services for the Mentally Retarded, 226–30. Routledge, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203056677-22.

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Panjabi, Raj, Lesley-Anne Long, Michael Bailey, and Magnus Conteh. "The Role of Technology in Supporting the Education of Community Health Workers and their Leaders." In Training for Community Health, 11–24. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198866244.003.0002.

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Community health workers (CHWs) often represent the first point of contact for many individuals in low-income countries accessing health services. Unfortunately, due to the low quality of care, outcomes for many people are unpredictable. Although the causes for poor quality of care are multifaceted, one obvious cause is that many CHWs are undertrained. Given the scope of the problem and the lack of resources available to solve it, governments and donor organizations are looking at digital technologies to help address problems such as access to services, health worker training, and decision-making. Access to and understanding of educational content can be improved by combining classroom education with distance learning to create a blended learning approach. Furthermore, by integrating the educational experience offered to CHWs through technology with related support services such as data collection, logistics management and AI-based decision support, governments can compensate for the quality of care gap.
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Conference papers on the topic "Community Services Training Package"

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AlMukdad, Sawsan, Nancy Zaglou, Ahmed Awaisu, Nadir Kheir, Ziyad Mahfoud, and Maguy El Hajj. "Exploring the Role of Community Pharmacists in Weight Management in Qatar: A Mixed Methods study." In Qatar University Annual Research Forum & Exhibition. Qatar University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.29117/quarfe.2020.0154.

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Aim: Obesity is a major public health burden in Qatar. Pharmacists can play an important role in providing weight management services (WMS). This study aimed to explore the attitude, practice, perceived competence and role of community pharmacists in obesity and WMS in Qatar. Methods: A mixed-method explanatory sequential design was applied in the study. A validated online questionnaire was used followed by qualitative one-to-one interviews. Quantitative data were analyzed using Statistical Package of Social Sciences Version 24, while qualitative data were analyzed using thematic analysis. Results: Of 600 randomly selected community pharmacists, 270 completed the survey (response rate 45%). More than half of the pharmacists indicated that they often or always explain to patients the risks associated with overweight and obesity (56.2%), recommend weight loss medications, herbs or dietary supplements (52.4%), and counsel about their proper use and/or side effects (56.9%). Conversely, a large proportion of the pharmacists rarely or never measure patients’ waist circumference (83.8%) or calculate their body mass index (72.1%). Over 80% had very positive attitudes towards their role in weight management. Around three-quarters of the participants agreed or strongly agreed that difficulty in following-up with the patient (80.7%), lack of private consultation area (75.7%) and lack of pharmacist time (75.2%) are barriers for implementing WMS. More than 60% stated that they are fully competent in 7 out of 24 WMS related statements. Some emerging include pharmacist’s role and impact in weight management, need for training about weight management, impact of social media on patients’ perceptions, and adoption of best practices for WMS. Conclusion: Qatar pharmacists reported positive attitudes towards provision of WMS. However, they identified several barriers against provision of comprehensive weight management programs. Several strategies are proposed to overcome barriers and to improve provision of WMS in community pharmacies in Qatar.
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Emasealu, Helen, and Susan Nnadozie Umeozor. "Training Librarians for 21st Century Repository Services: Emerging Trends." In InSITE 2016: Informing Science + IT Education Conferences: Lithuania. Informing Science Institute, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.28945/3430.

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[The final form of this paper was published in the journal Issues in Informing Science and Information Technology.] The paper reviewed the emerging roles of the 21st century librarians, charged with the responsibility to manage repository services across libraries in present-day information technology environment. Librarians need to be trained and empowered with requisite skills and knowledge needed for successful management of the ICT driven repository initiatives that the 21st century demands. Literature was reviewed on the roles and responsibilities of librarians, training needs and opportunities, career path and recruitment of librarians, and community support necessary for effective and efficient implementation and management of repository initiatives. This entails the ability to comprehend trends and change patterns which are essential for providing research focused and user-friendly models in open repository services that are based on thorough analytical understanding of the challenges of emerging trends. To achieve this requires the training and retraining of librarians to reposition them as information specialists in their career path. The role of the library as an integral part of its social environment is to educate the community about the existence of an open repository by building partnership with community-oriented research centres through seminars, workshops, symposium, training, and awareness programmes. The study recommends that librarians should strategize and collaborate with researchers to make open repository an essential research tool.
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Christianna, Aniendya, Mariana Wibowo, and Poppy Firtatwentyna NIlasari. "Empowering Women through Batik Training in Dolly's Ex-Localization Area." In Proceedings of the International Conference on Research and Academic Community Services (ICRACOS 2019). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/icracos-19.2020.17.

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Dafla, Aelaf, Nathan Amanquah, and Kwadwo Gyamfi Osafo-Maafo. "A mobile devices health information application for community based health services." In 2015 Conference on Raising Awareness for the Societal and Environmental Role of Engineering and (Re)Training Engineers for Participatory Design (Engineering4Society). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/engineering4society.2015.7177908.

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Fahey, Nichole. "Training to Overcome Electronic-Information Poverty. An Australian Experience." In 2001 Informing Science Conference. Informing Science Institute, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.28945/2365.

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The rise of the information revolution has led to information becoming a major producer of wealth. This revolution has increased the importance of being able to access and utilise information from a variety of sources, including information published electronically. The Skills.net program was designed to increase electronic- information literacy skills by providing "free or low cost access to training in on-line services and the Internet for those in the community who are least likely to have access.” (Cavill and Miller, 1998) This study found that the Skills.net program did increase electronic- information literacy. However the program was not as successful as it could have been, as it did not adequately address the accepted training needs of its participants.
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Pavkov, Thomas, and Charles Winer. "The Development of Consumer-Driven Human Services Information Technology Initiatives: The Lake County Indiana Experience." In 2001 Informing Science Conference. Informing Science Institute, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.28945/2366.

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The Family Access Project will deploy innovative community empowerment, education, consensus building, and information system development strategies to strengthen community, ensure the efficient and effective delivery of needed services, and address the unique needs of families requiring public assistance from a host of public and private agencies in Lake County. The goal of the project is to enhance community life through improved care coordination by linking new technologies to the human service delivery process. Upon completion, the project will assist in the enhancement of community-based services through the development of rules of data transaction and data standards and the deployment of a secure messaging/document exchange network. By putting technology in the hands of consumers we also hope to impact the economic development and workforce readiness goals set forth in our community's welfare to work programs. These innovations will require educational innovations in order to facilitate the use of technology by both provider and consumer end-users. Proposed innovations include tutorials related to data standards development, peer train-the-trainer training in the development and use of technology to support service system reforms; and ongoing support through a technical assistance clearinghouse and help desk.
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Islam, Mazharul, M. Ruhul Amin, and A. K. M. Sadrul Islam. "Renewable Energy Powered Rural Community Development Centres in the Developing Countries." In ASME 2006 Power Conference. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/power2006-88085.

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People in the developing countries who lack basic services and economic opportunities are primarily concerned with improving their living conditions. At present, unemployment problem in the rural areas of the developing countries are diversifying the moral values and social responsibilities of unemployed youth. To solve the problem, rural development centres (involving vocational training, IT services and other productive activities) can contribute significantly for the upliftment of these rural youths and can transform them into grass-root entrepreneurs. One critical factor hindering the establishment of such rural development centers is access to affordable and reliable energy services. Under this backdrop, environmentally benign renewable energy systems can contribute significantly in providing much needed energy in the unserved or underserved rural development centers in the developing countries to achieve both local and global environmental benefits. The paper demonstrates that energy deficient, economically backward communities in the off-grid areas of the developing countries, can be given an array of opportunities for income generation and social progress through rural development centers with the aid of renewable energy sources (such as wind, solar photovoltaics, solar thermal, biomass and micro-hydro), thereby improving their standard of living. Poverty alleviation in rural areas can be accomplished and the critical role of access to adequate level of energy services, Information Technology (IT) and modern communication facilities in it demonstrated. Furthermore, the production, implementation, operation and maintenance of renewable energy applications being labor-intensive, will also result in job growth in the village context, preventing migration of labor force, especially of young men, from rural areas to overcrowded industrial areas. An appropriately designed renewable energy systems can also have a significant role in reducing the impact of climate change through non production of green house gases.
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Noever, David, Josh Kalin, Matthew Ciolino, Dom Hambrick, and Gerry Dozier. "Local Translation Services for Neglected Languages." In 8th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Applications (AIAP 2021). AIRCC Publishing Corporation, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5121/csit.2021.110110.

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Taking advantage of computationally lightweight, but high-quality translators prompt consideration of new applications that address neglected languages. For projects with protected or personal data, translators for less popular or low-resource languages require specific compliance checks before posting to a public translation API. In these cases, locally run translators can render reasonable, cost-effective solutions if done with an army of offline, smallscale pair translators. Like handling a specialist’s dialect, this research illustrates translating two historically interesting, but obfuscated languages: 1) hacker-speak (“l33t”) and 2) reverse (or “mirror”) writing as practiced by Leonardo da Vinci. The work generalizes a deep learning architecture to translatable variants of hacker-speak with lite, medium, and hard vocabularies. The original contribution highlights a fluent translator of hacker-speak in under 50 megabytes and demonstrates a companion text generator for augmenting future datasets with greater than a million bilingual sentence pairs. A primary motivation stems from the need to understand and archive the evolution of the international computer community, one that continuously enhances their talent for speaking openly but in hidden contexts. This training of bilingual sentences supports deep learning models using a long short-term memory, recurrent neural network (LSTM-RNN). It extends previous work demonstrating an English-to-foreign translation service built from as little as 10,000 bilingual sentence pairs. This work further solves the equivalent translation problem in twenty-six additional (non-obfuscated) languages and rank orders those models and their proficiency quantitatively with Italian as the most successful and Mandarin Chinese as the most challenging. For neglected languages, the method prototypes novel services for smaller niche translations such as Kabyle (Algerian dialect) which covers between 5-7 million speakers but one which for most enterprise translators, has not yet reached development. One anticipates the extension of this approach to other important dialects, such as translating technical (medical or legal) jargon and processing health records or handling many of the dialects collected from specialized domains (mixed languages like “Spanglish”, acronym-laden Twitter feeds, or urban slang).
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Vanderlinde, William E., and Bhanu P. Sood. "Update on Draft SAE AS6171 Standard—Tools and Techniques for Detection and Mitigation of Counterfeit Electronics." In ISTFA 2015. ASM International, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.istfa2015p0152.

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Abstract The Society of Aerospace Engineers (SAE) AS6171 Aerospace Standard standardizes the test and inspection procedures, workmanship criteria, and minimum training and certification requirements to detect counterfeit electrical, electronic, and electromechanical parts. The standard comes in response to a significant and increasing volume of counterfeit electrical, electronic, and electromechanical parts entering the supply chain. This short manuscript and its accompanying talk update the audience on the risk based methodology for detecting potential counterfeiting related defects. The techniques that are discussed in AS6171 slash sheet include film radiography and filmless radiography such as digital radiography, real time radiography, and computed tomography. The analysis is performed on parts to verify that the internal package or die construction is consistent with an exemplar item. AS6171 will provide the counterfeit detection community with standardized test and inspection procedures, workmanship criteria, and minimum training and certification requirements to detect counterfeit electrical, electronic, and electromechanical parts.
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Kurniavie, Lidia Ekiq, and Bhisma Murti. "The Effect of Activity Level of the Integrated Health Post on the Community Health Workers Performance on Child Growth And Development Health Services: A Multilevel Analysis." In The 7th International Conference on Public Health 2020. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.04.36.

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ABSTRACT Background: Government support has a role in increasing health program development. Cadre performance is important because they are responsible for implementing the integrated health posts (posyandu) program, especially in monitoring the growth and development of children under five. This study aimed to examine the effect of activity level of the integrated health post on the community health workers performance on child growth and development health services Subjects and Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted at 25 posyandus in Karanganyar, Central Java, from August to September 2019. A sample of 200 cadres was selected by stratified random sampling. The dependent variable was cadre performance. The independent variables were education, employment, knowledge, attitude, training, tenure, posyandu facilities, social support, and village government support. The data were collected by questionnaire and analyzed by a multiple logistic regression run on Stata 13. Results: Posyandu cadre with good performance was 50.50%, had education ≥Senior high school was 63%, and working at home was 88%. Cadre performance on child growth and development health services increased with education ≥Senior high school (b= 1.27; 95% CI= 0.24 to 2.30; p= 0.015), working at home (b= 1.41; 95% CI= 0.39 to 2.42; p= 0.007), high knowledge (b= 1.53; 95% CI= 0.56 to 2.49; p= 0.002), positive attitude (b= 1.41; 95% CI= 0.33 to 2.50; p=0.011), had trained ≥2 times (b= 1.33; 95% CI= 0.37 to 2.29; p=0.007), tenure ≥10 years (b=1.21; 95% CI= 0.25 to 2.18; p= 0.014), good facilities (b= 1.57; 95% CI= 0.54 to 2.59; p= 0.003), strong social support (b= 1.28; 95% CI= 0.28 to 2.29; p= 0.013), and strong village government support (b=1.28; 95% CI= 0.26 to 2.31; p=0.014). Posyandu had strong contextual effect on cadre performance on child growth and development health services with intra-class correlation (ICC)= 27.55%. Conclusion: Cadre performance on child growth and development health services increases with high education, working at home, high knowledge, positive attitude, had trained ≥2 times, tenure ≥10 years, good facilities, strong social support, and strong village government support. Posyandu has strong contextual effect on cadre performance on child growth and development health services. Keywords: cadre performance, child growth and development, integrated health post, multilevel analysis Correspondence: Lidia Ekiq Kurniavie. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java, Indonesia. Email: ekiqlkv@gmail.com. Mobile: 085852540575. DOI: https://doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.04.36
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Reports on the topic "Community Services Training Package"

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Foreit, James R. Postabortion family planning benefits clients and providers. Population Council, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/rh16.1006.

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A woman’s fertility can return quickly following an abortion or miscarriage, yet recent data show high levels of unmet need for family planning (FP) among women who have been treated for incomplete abortion. This leaves many women at risk of another unintended pregnancy and in some cases subsequent repeated abortions and abortion-related complications. It is thus vital for programs to provide a comprehensive package of postabortion care (PAC) services that includes medical treatment, FP counseling and services, and other reproductive health services such as evaluation and treatment for sexually transmitted infections, HIV counseling and/or testing, and community support and mobilization. Providing FP services within PAC benefits clients and programs. Facilities that can effectively treat women with incomplete abortions can also provide contraceptive services, including counseling and appropriate methods. As stated in this brief, any provider who can treat incomplete abortion can also provide selected FP methods. Clients, providers, and programs benefit when FP methods are provided to postabortion clients at the time of treatment.
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McKenna, Patrick, and Mark Evans. Emergency Relief and complex service delivery: Towards better outcomes. Queensland University of Technology, June 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5204/rep.eprints.211133.

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Emergency Relief (ER) is a Department of Social Services (DSS) funded program, delivered by 197 community organisations (ER Providers) across Australia, to assist people facing a financial crisis with financial/material aid and referrals to other support programs. ER has been playing this important role in Australian communities since 1979. Without ER, more people living in Australia who experience a financial crisis might face further harm such as crippling debt or homelessness. The Emergency Relief National Coordination Group (NCG) was established in April 2020 at the start of the COVID-19 pandemic to advise the Minister for Families and Social Services on the implementation of ER. To inform its advice to the Minister, the NCG partnered with the Institute for Governance at the University of Canberra to conduct research to understand the issues and challenges faced by ER Providers and Service Users in local contexts across Australia. The research involved a desktop review of the existing literature on ER service provision, a large survey which all Commonwealth ER Providers were invited to participate in (and 122 responses were received), interviews with a purposive sample of 18 ER Providers, and the development of a program logic and theory of change for the Commonwealth ER program to assess progress. The surveys and interviews focussed on ER Provider perceptions of the strengths, weaknesses, future challenges, and areas of improvement for current ER provision. The trend of increasing case complexity, the effectiveness of ER service delivery models in achieving outcomes for Service Users, and the significance of volunteering in the sector were investigated. Separately, an evaluation of the performance of the NCG was conducted and a summary of the evaluation is provided as an appendix to this report. Several themes emerged from the review of the existing literature such as service delivery shortcomings in dealing with case complexity, the effectiveness of case management, and repeat requests for service. Interviews with ER workers and Service Users found that an uplift in workforce capability was required to deal with increasing case complexity, leading to recommendations for more training and service standards. Several service evaluations found that ER delivered with case management led to high Service User satisfaction, played an integral role in transforming the lives of people with complex needs, and lowered repeat requests for service. A large longitudinal quantitative study revealed that more time spent with participants substantially decreased the number of repeat requests for service; and, given that repeat requests for service can be an indicator of entrenched poverty, not accessing further services is likely to suggest improvement. The interviews identified the main strengths of ER to be the rapid response and flexible use of funds to stabilise crisis situations and connect people to other supports through strong local networks. Service Users trusted the system because of these strengths, and ER was often an access point to holistic support. There were three main weaknesses identified. First, funding contracts were too short and did not cover the full costs of the program—in particular, case management for complex cases. Second, many Service Users were dependent on ER which was inconsistent with the definition and intent of the program. Third, there was inconsistency in the level of service received by Service Users in different geographic locations. These weaknesses can be improved upon with a joined-up approach featuring co-design and collaborative governance, leading to the successful commissioning of social services. The survey confirmed that volunteers were significant for ER, making up 92% of all workers and 51% of all hours worked in respondent ER programs. Of the 122 respondents, volunteers amounted to 554 full-time equivalents, a contribution valued at $39.4 million. In total there were 8,316 volunteers working in the 122 respondent ER programs. The sector can support and upskill these volunteers (and employees in addition) by developing scalable training solutions such as online training modules, updating ER service standards, and engaging in collaborative learning arrangements where large and small ER Providers share resources. More engagement with peak bodies such as Volunteering Australia might also assist the sector to improve the focus on volunteer engagement. Integrated services achieve better outcomes for complex ER cases—97% of survey respondents either agreed or strongly agreed this was the case. The research identified the dimensions of service integration most relevant to ER Providers to be case management, referrals, the breadth of services offered internally, co-location with interrelated service providers, an established network of support, workforce capability, and Service User engagement. Providers can individually focus on increasing the level of service integration for their ER program to improve their ability to deal with complex cases, which are clearly on the rise. At the system level, a more joined-up approach can also improve service integration across Australia. The key dimensions of this finding are discussed next in more detail. Case management is key for achieving Service User outcomes for complex cases—89% of survey respondents either agreed or strongly agreed this was the case. Interviewees most frequently said they would provide more case management if they could change their service model. Case management allows for more time spent with the Service User, follow up with referral partners, and a higher level of expertise in service delivery to support complex cases. Of course, it is a costly model and not currently funded for all Service Users through ER. Where case management is not available as part of ER, it might be available through a related service that is part of a network of support. Where possible, ER Providers should facilitate access to case management for Service Users who would benefit. At a system level, ER models with a greater component of case management could be implemented as test cases. Referral systems are also key for achieving Service User outcomes, which is reflected in the ER Program Logic presented on page 31. The survey and interview data show that referrals within an integrated service (internal) or in a service hub (co-located) are most effective. Where this is not possible, warm referrals within a trusted network of support are more effective than cold referrals leading to higher take-up and beneficial Service User outcomes. However, cold referrals are most common, pointing to a weakness in ER referral systems. This is because ER Providers do not operate or co-locate with interrelated services in many cases, nor do they have the case management capacity to provide warm referrals in many other cases. For mental illness support, which interviewees identified as one of the most difficult issues to deal with, ER Providers offer an integrated service only 23% of the time, warm referrals 34% of the time, and cold referrals 43% of the time. A focus on referral systems at the individual ER Provider level, and system level through a joined-up approach, might lead to better outcomes for Service Users. The program logic and theory of change for ER have been documented with input from the research findings and included in Section 4.3 on page 31. These show that ER helps people facing a financial crisis to meet their immediate needs, avoid further harm, and access a path to recovery. The research demonstrates that ER is fundamental to supporting vulnerable people in Australia and should therefore continue to be funded by government.
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Community involvement in reproductive health: Findings from research in Karnataka, India. Population Council, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/rh17.1007.

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In 1996, the government of India decided to provide a package of reproductive and child health services through the existing family welfare program, adopting a community needs assessment approach (CNAA). To implement this approach, the government abolished its practice of setting contraceptive targets centrally and introduced a decentralized planning strategy whereby health workers assessed the reproductive health needs of women in their respective areas and prepared local plans to meet those needs. They also involved community leaders to promote community participation in the reproductive and child health program. Since 1998, several evaluation studies have assessed the impact of CNAA on the program’s performance and community participation. These studies showed that the performance of the maternal health-care program improved, whereas the functioning of the family planning program initially declined but later recovered. The approach achieved little in boosting community involvement. This project tested a new model of health committee to help stimulate community participation in reproductive and child health activities at the village level. The experiment, described in this report, was conducted in the Hunsur block of the Mysore District in Karnataka for two years. Researchers evaluated the impact in terms of community involvement and utilization of reproductive and child health services.
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Formal and informal abortion services in Rajasthan, India: Results of a situation analysis. Population Council, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/rh17.1003.

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As part of a Population Council program of research on unwanted pregnancy and induced abortion in Rajasthan, the Population Council and the Centre for Operations Research and Training conducted a situation analysis of abortion services in both the formal and informal sectors in six districts. This report offers insights into the availability and organization of abortion services in the sampled areas in Rajasthan. The report also documents a vast array of informal providers who offer services for delayed menstruation or unwanted pregnancy. Informal providers appear particularly accessible to women because they are far more prevalent in rural areas than formal providers, are generally well known in the community, maintain extended working hours, and sometimes provide care at women’s homes. The findings underscore the need to improve access to affordable, high-quality, legal abortion services, particularly in rural areas. Until this is done, informal providers and uncertified facilities will remain the best option for poor and rural women despite the fact that abortion has been legal in India for over 30 years.
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Determining an effective and replicable communication-based mechanisms for improving young couples' access to and use of reproductive health information and services in Nepal—An operations research study. Population Council, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/rh17.1009.

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This operations research study sought to determine an effective communication-based model for increasing the involvement of community-based groups in improving access to and use of reproductive health services and information by young married couples. The study employed a quasi-experimental design with two experimental and two nonequivalent control groups in the Udaypur district of Nepal. As stated in this report, this OR study clearly demonstrates the effectiveness of communication-based models such as the formation and reactivation of Youth Communication Action Groups and Mother’s groups, basic and refresher training, group interaction and mobilization, and social events in creating an enabling environment for young married couples to learn and interact about sexual and reproductive health issues. The increase in reproductive health-related knowledge and practice among young married women has been high in both experimental areas. However, changes in the practice of family planning and antenatal care have not shown consistent trends probably because of the conflict situation in the project sites during the implementation phase.
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Unwanted pregnancy and induced abortion in Rajasthan, India: A qualitative exploration. Population Council, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/rh17.1014.

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As part of a Population Council program of research on unwanted pregnancy and induced abortion in Rajasthan, the Council and Ibtada conducted a qualitative exploration of attitudes and behaviors regarding unwanted pregnancy and induced abortion in Alwar district. The study was intended to lay the groundwork for two quantitative studies on abortion undertaken subsequently in six districts of Rajasthan. The qualitative exploration shows that women, particularly those who are poor, turn to largely untrained community-level providers for abortion services. Additionally, women use home remedies in an often unsuccessful attempt to terminate unwanted pregnancies. Women with greater financial means obtain surgical services from a private gynecologist. The remaining women are left with little choice but to avail of services from informal providers that they often recognize to be unsafe and/or to carry unwanted pregnancies to term. This report encourages innovative means to improve access to legal, safe, and effective abortion services at lower levels of the public health system, and suggests that the feasibility of training certain informal providers to offer safe abortion services, particularly at early gestations, should be explored at the policy, program, and research levels.
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A client-centered approach to reproductive health: A trainer's manual. Population Council, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/rh16.1015.

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This training manual grew out of a project to improve the quality of care rendered by public-sector providers of reproductive health services. Implemented by the Population Council in collaboration with the Ministries of Population, Welfare, and Health, in Pakistan, the project extended beyond improving the quality of care provided by family planning workers and incorporated health workers who provided maternal and child health services. The success of all efforts made by the service delivery system in attracting and keeping clients depends upon the content and quality of interaction when the client comes in contact with the provider—whether the client is visiting a clinic or being visited by a community-based worker at home. To offer good quality of care, the provider should treat the client with dignity and respect, assess her reproductive health needs by asking questions rather than making assumptions based on her profile, and help her negotiate a solution appropriate to her circumstances. This training manual is oriented toward improving providers’ interpersonal skills. Emphasis is placed on the client and helping her meet her own needs rather than on meeting artificial goals or targets.
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The SMNH implementation framework for districts. Population Council, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/rh16.1014.

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The Safe Motherhood Demonstration Project (SMDP) implementation framework was developed as a result of lessons learned and approaches used during SMDP in Western Province, Kenya, 2000–04. All the components require cooperation and support at the provincial and national level. The six components, as outlined in this brief, are: preparation; safe motherhood (SM) rapid appraisal; analysis; intervention planning; implementation; and evaluation. The development of a Safe Motherhood Rapid Appraisal Tool has been an important outcome of the DFID Western Province SMDP. The intervention in Western Province was based on addressing resource and skills gaps in service provision, which were identified by a situation analysis carried out in each district. Through the introduction of training programs tailored to staff needs, ensuring that basic equipment and drugs were available, and ensuring greater community involvement, safe motherhood services have been improved in Western Province. The situation analysis exercise was refined during the project, resulting in the development of the Safe Motherhood Rapid Appraisal Tool.
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African Open Science Platform Part 1: Landscape Study. Academy of Science of South Africa (ASSAf), 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/assaf.2019/0047.

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This report maps the African landscape of Open Science – with a focus on Open Data as a sub-set of Open Science. Data to inform the landscape study were collected through a variety of methods, including surveys, desk research, engagement with a community of practice, networking with stakeholders, participation in conferences, case study presentations, and workshops hosted. Although the majority of African countries (35 of 54) demonstrates commitment to science through its investment in research and development (R&D), academies of science, ministries of science and technology, policies, recognition of research, and participation in the Science Granting Councils Initiative (SGCI), the following countries demonstrate the highest commitment and political willingness to invest in science: Botswana, Ethiopia, Kenya, Senegal, South Africa, Tanzania, and Uganda. In addition to existing policies in Science, Technology and Innovation (STI), the following countries have made progress towards Open Data policies: Botswana, Kenya, Madagascar, Mauritius, South Africa and Uganda. Only two African countries (Kenya and South Africa) at this stage contribute 0.8% of its GDP (Gross Domestic Product) to R&D (Research and Development), which is the closest to the AU’s (African Union’s) suggested 1%. Countries such as Lesotho and Madagascar ranked as 0%, while the R&D expenditure for 24 African countries is unknown. In addition to this, science globally has become fully dependent on stable ICT (Information and Communication Technologies) infrastructure, which includes connectivity/bandwidth, high performance computing facilities and data services. This is especially applicable since countries globally are finding themselves in the midst of the 4th Industrial Revolution (4IR), which is not only “about” data, but which “is” data. According to an article1 by Alan Marcus (2015) (Senior Director, Head of Information Technology and Telecommunications Industries, World Economic Forum), “At its core, data represents a post-industrial opportunity. Its uses have unprecedented complexity, velocity and global reach. As digital communications become ubiquitous, data will rule in a world where nearly everyone and everything is connected in real time. That will require a highly reliable, secure and available infrastructure at its core, and innovation at the edge.” Every industry is affected as part of this revolution – also science. An important component of the digital transformation is “trust” – people must be able to trust that governments and all other industries (including the science sector), adequately handle and protect their data. This requires accountability on a global level, and digital industries must embrace the change and go for a higher standard of protection. “This will reassure consumers and citizens, benefitting the whole digital economy”, says Marcus. A stable and secure information and communication technologies (ICT) infrastructure – currently provided by the National Research and Education Networks (NRENs) – is key to advance collaboration in science. The AfricaConnect2 project (AfricaConnect (2012–2014) and AfricaConnect2 (2016–2018)) through establishing connectivity between National Research and Education Networks (NRENs), is planning to roll out AfricaConnect3 by the end of 2019. The concern however is that selected African governments (with the exception of a few countries such as South Africa, Mozambique, Ethiopia and others) have low awareness of the impact the Internet has today on all societal levels, how much ICT (and the 4th Industrial Revolution) have affected research, and the added value an NREN can bring to higher education and research in addressing the respective needs, which is far more complex than simply providing connectivity. Apart from more commitment and investment in R&D, African governments – to become and remain part of the 4th Industrial Revolution – have no option other than to acknowledge and commit to the role NRENs play in advancing science towards addressing the SDG (Sustainable Development Goals). For successful collaboration and direction, it is fundamental that policies within one country are aligned with one another. Alignment on continental level is crucial for the future Pan-African African Open Science Platform to be successful. Both the HIPSSA ((Harmonization of ICT Policies in Sub-Saharan Africa)3 project and WATRA (the West Africa Telecommunications Regulators Assembly)4, have made progress towards the regulation of the telecom sector, and in particular of bottlenecks which curb the development of competition among ISPs. A study under HIPSSA identified potential bottlenecks in access at an affordable price to the international capacity of submarine cables and suggested means and tools used by regulators to remedy them. Work on the recommended measures and making them operational continues in collaboration with WATRA. In addition to sufficient bandwidth and connectivity, high-performance computing facilities and services in support of data sharing are also required. The South African National Integrated Cyberinfrastructure System5 (NICIS) has made great progress in planning and setting up a cyberinfrastructure ecosystem in support of collaborative science and data sharing. The regional Southern African Development Community6 (SADC) Cyber-infrastructure Framework provides a valuable roadmap towards high-speed Internet, developing human capacity and skills in ICT technologies, high- performance computing and more. The following countries have been identified as having high-performance computing facilities, some as a result of the Square Kilometre Array7 (SKA) partnership: Botswana, Ghana, Kenya, Madagascar, Mozambique, Mauritius, Namibia, South Africa, Tunisia, and Zambia. More and more NRENs – especially the Level 6 NRENs 8 (Algeria, Egypt, Kenya, South Africa, and recently Zambia) – are exploring offering additional services; also in support of data sharing and transfer. The following NRENs already allow for running data-intensive applications and sharing of high-end computing assets, bio-modelling and computation on high-performance/ supercomputers: KENET (Kenya), TENET (South Africa), RENU (Uganda), ZAMREN (Zambia), EUN (Egypt) and ARN (Algeria). Fifteen higher education training institutions from eight African countries (Botswana, Benin, Kenya, Nigeria, Rwanda, South Africa, Sudan, and Tanzania) have been identified as offering formal courses on data science. In addition to formal degrees, a number of international short courses have been developed and free international online courses are also available as an option to build capacity and integrate as part of curricula. The small number of higher education or research intensive institutions offering data science is however insufficient, and there is a desperate need for more training in data science. The CODATA-RDA Schools of Research Data Science aim at addressing the continental need for foundational data skills across all disciplines, along with training conducted by The Carpentries 9 programme (specifically Data Carpentry 10 ). Thus far, CODATA-RDA schools in collaboration with AOSP, integrating content from Data Carpentry, were presented in Rwanda (in 2018), and during17-29 June 2019, in Ethiopia. Awareness regarding Open Science (including Open Data) is evident through the 12 Open Science-related Open Access/Open Data/Open Science declarations and agreements endorsed or signed by African governments; 200 Open Access journals from Africa registered on the Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ); 174 Open Access institutional research repositories registered on openDOAR (Directory of Open Access Repositories); 33 Open Access/Open Science policies registered on ROARMAP (Registry of Open Access Repository Mandates and Policies); 24 data repositories registered with the Registry of Data Repositories (re3data.org) (although the pilot project identified 66 research data repositories); and one data repository assigned the CoreTrustSeal. Although this is a start, far more needs to be done to align African data curation and research practices with global standards. Funding to conduct research remains a challenge. African researchers mostly fund their own research, and there are little incentives for them to make their research and accompanying data sets openly accessible. Funding and peer recognition, along with an enabling research environment conducive for research, are regarded as major incentives. The landscape report concludes with a number of concerns towards sharing research data openly, as well as challenges in terms of Open Data policy, ICT infrastructure supportive of data sharing, capacity building, lack of skills, and the need for incentives. Although great progress has been made in terms of Open Science and Open Data practices, more awareness needs to be created and further advocacy efforts are required for buy-in from African governments. A federated African Open Science Platform (AOSP) will not only encourage more collaboration among researchers in addressing the SDGs, but it will also benefit the many stakeholders identified as part of the pilot phase. The time is now, for governments in Africa, to acknowledge the important role of science in general, but specifically Open Science and Open Data, through developing and aligning the relevant policies, investing in an ICT infrastructure conducive for data sharing through committing funding to making NRENs financially sustainable, incentivising open research practices by scientists, and creating opportunities for more scientists and stakeholders across all disciplines to be trained in data management.
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