Academic literature on the topic 'Community service orders'
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Journal articles on the topic "Community service orders"
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Pease, Ken. "Community Service Orders." Crime and Justice 6 (January 1985): 51–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/449104.
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Nakhost, Arash, Frank Sirotich, Katherine M. Francombe Pridham, Vicky Stergiopoulos, and Alexander I. F. Simpson. "Coercion in Outpatients under Community Treatment Orders: A Matched Comparison Study." Canadian Journal of Psychiatry 63, no. 11 (April 3, 2018): 757–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0706743718766053.
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Objective: Since the deinstitutionalization of psychiatric services around the world, the scope of outpatient psychiatric care has also increased to better support treatment access and adherence. For those with serious mental illness who may lack insight into their own illness, available interventions include coercive community practices such as mandated community treatment orders (CTOs). This paper examines the perceptions of coercion among service users treated with a CTO. Method: We used a cross-sectional comparative design where service users treated under a CTO were matched to a comparison group of voluntary psychiatric outpatients. Both groups were receiving intensive community mental health services ( n = 69 in each group). Participants were interviewed using a series of questionnaires aimed at evaluating their perceptions of coercion and other aspects of the psychiatric treatment. Results: The level of coercion reported by service users treated under a CTO was significantly higher than that in the comparison group. However, in adjusted analyses, service users’ perception of coercion, irrespective of their CTO status, was directly correlated with their previous experience with probation and inversely correlated with the sense of procedural justice in their treatment. Conclusions: Evaluation of psychiatric service users’ experiences of coercion should consider their past and current involvement with other types of coercive measures, particularly history of probation. Clinicians may be able to minimize these experiences of coercion by incorporating procedural justice principles into their practice.
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Milne, Duncan, Anthony O'Brien, and Brian McKenna. "Community Treatment Orders and Competence to Consent." Australasian Psychiatry 17, no. 4 (January 1, 2009): 273–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10398560902721572.
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Objective: The aim of this paper is to explore the relationship between civil commitment under a Community Treatment Order (CTO) and competence to consent to treatment. Method: A purposive convenience sample of 10 service users under CTOs were interviewed using the MacArthur Competence Assessment Tool for Treatment (MacCAT-T). Ratings were compared with the ratings of 10 matched voluntary service users. Results: Seventy percent of the CTO sample were found to be incompetent according to the MacCAT-T, compared to 20% of the comparison group ( p = 0.004). The proportion of the CTO sample found to be incompetent reduces to 50% if the subscale of appreciation is excluded ( p = 0.004). Most people in each group would elect to continue their current treatment if given the choice. Conclusion: Findings of this study suggest that mental health law reform introducing considerations of competence could lead to a substantially different group of people being subject to CTOs. If the CTO is carefully targeted and not used excessively, it is likely to be accorded qualified acceptance for most service users for whom it is used.
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Menzies, Ken. "The Rapid Spread of Community Service Orders in Ontario." Canadian Journal of Criminology 28, no. 2 (April 1986): 157–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/cjcrim.28.2.157.
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Patel, Gunvant. "Community Treatment Orders in Victoria: A Clinico-Ethical Perspective." Australasian Psychiatry 16, no. 5 (January 1, 2008): 340–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10398560802233017.
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Objective: The aim of this paper is to outline the impact of Community Treatment Orders over a 20-year period on service delivery and clinical practice in Victoria. Conclusions: Community Treatment Orders, as utilized in Victoria, have undermined optimal service delivery and supported paternalistic, reductionistic clinical practice. The psychiatric profession has failed to advocate adequately for better mental health resourcing and human rights protection of those subject to Community Treatment Orders.
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Kilcommins, Shane. "The Introduction of Community Service Orders: Mapping its ‘Conditions of Possibility’." Howard Journal of Criminal Justice 53, no. 5 (August 6, 2014): 487–510. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/hojo.12096.
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Perera, Bhathika, Abdul Shaikh, and Niraj Singh. "The use of Community Treatment Orders in an intellectual disability service." Advances in Mental Health and Intellectual Disabilities 7, no. 3 (May 10, 2013): 129–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/20441281311320701.
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Owens, Nicholas, and Lisa Brophy. "Revocation of Community Treatment Orders in a mental health service network." Australasian Psychiatry 21, no. 1 (December 12, 2012): 46–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1039856212470504.
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Weich, Scott, Craig Duncan, Liz Twigg, Orla McBride, Helen Parsons, Graham Moon, Alastair Canaway, et al. "Use of community treatment orders and their outcomes: an observational study." Health Services and Delivery Research 8, no. 9 (February 2020): 1–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.3310/hsdr08090.
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Background Community treatment orders are widely used in England. It is unclear whether their use varies between patients, places and services, or if they are associated with better patient outcomes. Objectives To examine variation in the use of community treatment orders and their associations with patient outcomes and health-care costs. Design Secondary analysis using multilevel statistical modelling. Setting England, including 61 NHS mental health provider trusts. Participants A total of 69,832 patients eligible to be subject to a community treatment order. Main outcome measures Use of community treatment orders and time subject to community treatment order; re-admission and total time in hospital after the start of a community treatment order; and mortality. Data sources The primary data source was the Mental Health Services Data Set. Mental Health Services Data Set data were linked to mortality records and local area deprivation statistics for England. Results There was significant variation in community treatment order use between patients, provider trusts and local areas. Most variation arose from substantially different practice in a small number of providers. Community treatment order patients were more likely to be in the ‘severe psychotic’ care cluster grouping, male or black. There was also significant variation between service providers and local areas in the time patients remained on community treatment orders. Although slightly more community treatment order patients were re-admitted than non-community treatment order patients during the study period (36.9% vs. 35.6%), there was no significant difference in time to first re-admission (around 32 months on average for both). There was some evidence that the rate of re-admission differed between community treatment order and non-community treatment order patients according to care cluster grouping. Community treatment order patients spent 7.5 days longer, on average, in admission than non-community treatment order patients over the study period. This difference remained when other patient and local area characteristics were taken into account. There was no evidence of significant variation between service providers in the effect of community treatment order on total time in admission. Community treatment order patients were less likely to die than non-community treatment order patients, after taking account of other patient and local area characteristics (odds ratio 0.69, 95% credible interval 0.60 to 0.81). Limitations Confounding by indication and potential bias arising from missing data within the Mental Health Services Data Set. Data quality issues precluded inclusion of patients who were subject to community treatment orders more than once. Conclusions Community treatment order use varied between patients, provider trusts and local areas. Community treatment order use was not associated with shorter time to re-admission or reduced time in hospital to a statistically significant degree. We found no evidence that the effectiveness of community treatment orders varied to a significant degree between provider trusts, nor that community treatment orders were associated with reduced mental health treatment costs. Our findings support the view that community treatment orders in England are not effective in reducing future admissions or time spent in hospital. We provide preliminary evidence of an association between community treatment order use and reduced rate of death. Future work These findings need to be replicated among patients who are subject to community treatment order more than once. The association between community treatment order use and reduced mortality requires further investigation. Study registration The study was approved by the University of Warwick’s Biomedical and Scientific Research Ethics Committee (REGO-2015-1623). Funding This project was funded by the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Health Services and Delivery Research programme and will be published in full in Health Services and Delivery Research; Vol. 8, No. 9. See the NIHR Journals Library website for further project information.
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O’Donoghue, B. "Coercion: an understudied issue in mental health." Irish Journal of Psychological Medicine 34, no. 4 (November 23, 2017): 221–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/ipm.2017.70.
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Coercion in mental health services is a controversial practice, yet it is a relatively understudied area. This special themed edition draws upon research from the international community with the aim of addressing issues related to coercion and involuntary admission. The issue covers topics such as community treatment orders, service users’ perspectives, alternative models of involving service users in their treatment, and future directions for coercion research. It is hoped that this edition will encourage funding and inspire future research on this important topic.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Community service orders"
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Marklew, Lee. "Making sense of Community Treatment Orders : the service-user experience." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2017. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/19470/.
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Since their introduction in 2008, Community Treatment Orders (CTOs) have become an increasingly common feature of mental health treatment. Although compulsory community treatment is used in many countries, there is a lack of consistent evidence of its clinical effectiveness and a dearth of methodically robust studies. The international use of CTOs remains contentious based on the ethics of coercion and infringement of autonomy. Detailed understanding and interpretation of the experiential impact on service-users is necessary to inform the ongoing use and development of CTOs. Although some of the extant literature acknowledges the effect of historical and contextual influences on the implementation of CTOs, these influences have not been comprehensively evaluated. Existing exploratory studies reveal wide-ranging, often conflicting responses from service-users, describing mainly ambivalent reactions to a CTO. This indicates a need for rich detailed data and analysis of the service-users’ experience of CTOs. This study aimed to investigate how service-users make sense of their CTO experience. Ten active CTO service-users were purposefully recruited from an Assertive Outreach Team caseload in the north of England. Each participant undertook one or two semi-structured interviews facilitated with photo-journals and diaries. A total of 18 interviews were completed and the data subject to Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis. Themes were generated and organised into three clusters: Pained and Powerless; Alignment and Reconnection; and Consolation and Compensation. Some participants felt powerless to challenge the ‘sentence’ imposed as therapeutic intent. Many participants described feeling disadvantaged, different and labelled, but were also committed to recovery and reintegration into the community. Some participants perceived that small interactions could combine to leave them feeling more secure, less anxious and, paradoxically, more in control. The study proposes a theoretical framework that may unlock the therapeutic potential of CTOs, improving lived experience without compromising their social significance or effectiveness.
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Hoggarth, E. A. "Strategies and pressures in the selection process for community service orders." Thesis, Birmingham City University, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.305740.
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Patkas, I. "Service users' perceptions of Community Treatment Orders and their impact on interpersonal relationships." Thesis, Canterbury Christ Church University, 2012. http://create.canterbury.ac.uk/11126/.
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Section A is a review of the literature on Community Treatment Orders (CTOs) in the context of their recent introduction in England and Wales. A critical review of the literature in relation to CTOs’ effectiveness is presented, followed by available evidence on service users’ perceptions of CTOs. Consideration of ethical issues that surround compulsory community treatment is also offered. The review highlights gaps in the literature regarding CTOs’ impact on service users’ interpersonal relationships and on how service users who are based in the UK perceive CTOs. Further qualitative research is recommended. Section B describes a qualitative study investigating male service users’ perceptions of their CTOs and the impact of this intervention on their interpersonal relationships. Grounded Theory was used to analyse interview data from 15 participants. Five higher-order categories and 15 categories were identified which contributed to a preliminary model of how service users develop their CTO perceptions. The factors that appeared to influence participants’ perceptions of their CTOs were: i) past and present social living conditions, ii) view of self in relation to mental health, iii) view of the CTO service, i.e. view of medication and mental health professionals. Finally, the model showed that CTOs had a limited or no impact on participants’ views of their relationships with their families, friends, partners and local communities. Results are discussed with reference to potentially relevant psychological theories. Clinical implications, including raising professionals’ awareness about the impact of coercion on the therapeutic relationship, and directions for future research are also presented. Section C is a critical appraisal of the study presented in Section B. It provides reflective responses to four questions in relation to the following areas: research skills acquired through conducting the study; what improvements could be made if repeating the study; clinical implications; and directions for future research.
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Mottershead, A. R. "The contribution of Community Service Orders to the education and rehabilitation of offenders." Thesis, University of Southampton, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.382181.
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Chan, Kwok-han Clarence. "An assessment of the effectiveness of the probation order in comparison with the community service order." [Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong], 1990. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B12840634.
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Coventry, Helen, and n/a. "The administration of community service orders for juvenile offenders in the Australian Capital Territory." University of Canberra. Education, 1985. http://erl.canberra.edu.au./public/adt-AUC20060630.100112.
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Dominey, Jane. "Fragmenting probation? : a qualitative study of voluntary, public and private sectors' interactions in supervision." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2016. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/254960.
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The context for this dissertation is the growing use of voluntary sector organisations and private companies as providers of probation services in England and Wales. The study focusses on the everyday experience of probation supervision in an increasingly multi-agency environment and explores this experience from the point of view of probation workers and the people they supervise. The objectives of the study are to examine whether the probation service makes a distinctive contribution to this work, to investigate the interactions between supervisees, probation supervisors and workers from other agencies, to explore the purpose of different elements of community orders and to understand whether supervisees adopt different approaches to compliance with different elements of their orders. Drawing on empirical interview data, supplemented by data from probation service case records and from fieldwork notes compiled while in probation offices undertaking interviews, I identify patterns, themes and associations which help us understand the new structures and relationships. The research concludes that, for supervisees and supervisors, the involuntary nature of community supervision is significant. The supervisees in this study viewed the requirements of their community orders as legitimate because the orders were imposed by the court. They complied with these requirements in order to avoid breach proceedings, few would have volunteered for the services that they were receiving from the probation service or elsewhere. They attached more weight to instructions from probation supervisors than to those from key workers from other agencies. Supervisees viewed their orders as both a punishment and a help, without drawing a distinction between services received from the probation service and from other agencies. Thus the research makes a significant contribution to knowledge by outlining the importance of these relationships, between worker and supervisee and between worker and worker, in a new context of provision.
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Brophy, Lisa Mary. "Using the emancipatory values of social work as a guide to the investigation : what processes and principles represent good practice with people on community treatment orders ? /." Connect to thesis, 2009. http://repository.unimelb.edu.au/10187/5760.
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This research explores good practice with people on CTOs - via a case study of one area mental health service in Victoria. The emancipatory values of Social Work were used to guide the investigation, thereby ensuring the involvement of consumers and their families or carers. Critical Social Work theory provided an important theoretical base for the research, and both critical theory and pragmatism supported the methodology. A mixed methods approach was undertaken. This included a cluster analysis of 164 people on CTOs. Three clusters emerged from the exploratory cluster analysis. These clusters, labelled ‘connected’, ‘young males’ and ‘chaotic’ are discussed in relation to their particular characteristics. The results from the cluster analysis were used to inform the recruitment of four people on CTOs who were the central focus of case studies that represented the different clusters. Semi-structured group interviews were also undertaken to enhance the triangulation of data collection and analysis. This resulted in 29 semi-structured interviews with multiple informants, including consumers, family/carers, case managers, doctors, Mental Health Review Board members and senior managers. The data analysis was guided by a general inductive approach that was supported by the use of NVivo 7.Five principles, and the processes required to enable them, emerged from the qualitative data: 1) use and develop direct practice skills, 2) take a human rights perspective, 3) focus on goals and desired outcomes, 4) aim for quality of service delivery, and, 5) enhance and enable the role of key stakeholders. These principles are discussed and then applied to the case studies in order to consider their potential relevance to practice within a diverse community of CTO recipients. The application of the principles identified two further findings: 1) that the principles are interdependent, and 2) the relevance of the principles varies depending on the characteristics of the consumer. The two most important findings to emerge from this thesis are that: 1) people on CTOs, their family/carers, and service providers are a diverse community of people who have a range of problems, needs and preferences in relation to either being on a CTO or supporting someone on a CTO; and 2) the implementation of CTOs is influenced by social and structural issues that need to be considered in developing any recognition or understanding about what represents good practice. Recommendations relating to each of the principles are made, along with identification of future research questions. A particular focus is whether application of the principles will enable improvements in practice on a range of measures, including reducing the use of CTOs, and the experience of coercion by consumers.
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Tam, Lai-yi Heidy, and 譚麗儀. "Young offenders placed on the community service orders scheme: an exploratory study on their self-image." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1988. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31248238.
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Chan, Kwok-han Clarence, and 陳國衡. "An assessment of the effectiveness of the probation order in comparison with the community service order." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1990. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31976165.
Full textBooks on the topic "Community service orders"
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Hoggarth, Liz. Selection for community service orders. Aldershot: Avebury, 1991.
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Walsh, Dermot. An empirical study of community service orders in Ireland. Dublin: Stationery Office, 1999.
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Kilcommins, Shane. The introduction of community service orders: An historical interpretation. Chichester: Barry Rose Law Publishers, 2002.
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Hoggarth, Elizabeth Anne. Strategies and pressures in the selection process for Community Service Orders. Birmingham: City of Birmingham Polytechnic, 1987.
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Hoggarth, Elizabeth Anne. Strategies and pressures in the selection process for community service orders. Birmingham: Birmingham Polytechnic, 1987.
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Hoggarth, Elizabeth Anne. Strategies and pressures in the selection process for community service orders. Birmingham: Birmingham Polytechnic, 1987.
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National Probation Service: The supervision of community orders in England and Wales : report. London: Stationery Office, 2008.
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Muntingh, L. M. Community service orders: An evaluation of cases supervised in Cape Town between 1983 and 1994. Pretoria: HSRC, 1997.
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United States. Congress. House. Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence. Compilation of intelligence laws and related laws and executive orders of interest to the national intelligence community as amended through December 31, 1999. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 2000.
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GOVERNMENT, US. Compilation of intelligence laws and related laws and executive orders of interest to the national intelligence community, as amended through June 8, 1993. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 1993.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Community service orders"
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Harding, John. "From Planning to Practice: Pioneering Community Service Orders in England and Wales, 1972–1974." In The Management of Change in Criminal Justice, 134–51. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137462497_8.
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Knoll, Julian, David Köckritz, and Rainer Groß. "Markov Random Walk vs. Higher-Order Factorization Machines: A Comparison of State-of-the-Art Recommender Algorithms." In Innovations for Community Services, 87–103. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-60447-3_7.
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Liu, Ming, Jie Cao, Jing Liang, and MingJun Chen. "Medical Resources Order and Shipment in Community Health Service Centers." In Epidemic-logistics Modeling: A New Perspective on Operations Research, 215–29. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-9353-2_11.
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Draulans, Veerle, and Giovanni Lamura. "Introduction: Framing Exclusion from Services." In International Perspectives on Aging, 135–40. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-51406-8_10.
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AbstractThis part presents three specific examples of how old-age social exclusion can take place in the field of service provision. These contributions refer to the key areas of care, transportation and information communication technology (ICT) based solutions, which represent some of the sub-domains of service-related exclusion in later life that are most frequently cited in the literature (Walsh et al. 2017; ROSEnet Services Working Group 2020). Given the current demographic trends, the availability of suitable services has become crucial to ensure social cohesion and inclusiveness. Governments, be it on national or community levels, social profit organisations and commercial companies offer a huge variety of services aimed at making people’s lives easier and more comfortable. In order to better contextualise the contributions presented in this part, this chapter will provide an overview of old-age service exclusion in general, highlighting in particular macro- and micro-level considerations. It will then briefly introduce each contribution.
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Maguire, Niamh. "Non-compliance and breach processes in the context of community service orders and early release." In The Enforcement of Offender Supervision in Europe, 181–97. Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315407500-11.
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Winstone, Jane, and Francis Pakes. "Community Orders and the Mental Health Court pilot: a service user perspective of what constitutes a quality, effective intervention." In Risk and rehabilitation, 133–51. Policy Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1332/policypress/9781447300205.003.0009.
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Person, Katarzyna. "Police in the Eyes of the Ghetto Population." In Warsaw Ghetto Police, translated by Zygmunt Nowak-Soliński, 76–88. Cornell University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.7591/cornell/9781501754074.003.0005.
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This chapter begins with a description of the first days of the Jewish police presence on the ghetto streets, wherein the Jewish population welcomed the appearance of the functionaries with a smile of kindness. It cites underground Jewish newspapers that illustrated the policemen as characters from the land of Adam Czerniaków's grotesque. It also notes how some Jews portrayed the police as a criminal organization and as a real threat to the unity of the community. The chapter talks about ghetto inhabitants that saw the policemen as people with agency, who chose to carry out orders against the interest of other Jews. It looks at the majority of personal documents written in the ghetto by those who considered themselves to be victims of the overwhelming violence of the police, which saw the Jewish Order Service as a collection of smugglers, Gestapo informers, and war profiteers.
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Morton, Christopher, and Arabella Norman-Nott. "The interface with community services." In Oxford Textbook of Inpatient Psychiatry, edited by Alvaro Barrera, Caroline Attard, and Rob Chaplin, 73–80. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198794257.003.0009.
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The interface between inpatient and community services requires special attention in order to provide safe and high-quality care to patients who are significantly unwell, pose significant risks, and are transitioning between teams. This chapter provides an outline of how community services work to provide care for patients with mental health problems both in the community and in hospital. The authors describe their experience working within an adapted flexible assertive community treatment (FACT) model of care, alongside the Care Programme Approach for supporting service users and carers during their journey through services. The contribution of a community partnership between mental health services and the voluntary sector organizations is also described, with a focus on the support it provides to patients in delivering timely and safe discharge from the acute inpatient ward.
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Colon, Beverly A. "School-Based Health Services." In Community Schools in Action. Oxford University Press, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195169591.003.0017.
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In order to be successful in school, children must be able to see and hear and must be free of troubling health problems. Our experience with community schools confirms the idea that locating health services within a school provides easy access for students who are not receiving health care elsewhere. However, many problems, such as working with children who lack health insurance and typically end up in the emergency room for episodic care, have to be overcome. More and more of these children and their parents in our schools are recent undocumented immigrants who fear dealing with the health care system. An even larger number of children are simply from “working poor” families in which parents work off the books or for employers that do not or cannot provide health insurance. For those families who are enrolled in public health insurance plans (most typically Medicaid), having that insurance card in hand does not necessarily provide access to care if the family does not know how to negotiate the health care system. Adolescents raise another issue altogether. It has been well documented that adolescents are the largest group of uninsured children. They generally want help with issues they do not want anyone to know about, such as birth control, sexually transmitted diseases, and depression and suicidal thoughts. However, they can, and do, access school-based health centers (SBHCs) for these health needs. The goal of SBHCs is to improve the overall physical and emotional health of children and adolescents. They do this in two important ways—by providing prevention services and by providing direct health care. The majority of school-based clinics are started by a health care provider who has approached a particular school and formed a relationship with the school’s administrators. Such SBHCs are organizationally external to the school system, administered by local health care facilities such as hospitals and community health centers. Once the clinic is in the school, constant outreach to administrators, teachers, and parents must be maintained to remind them that the health center is on-site. The biggest challenge such providers face is the integration of the health services with the activities of the school.
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Evangelou, Christina E., Manolis Tzagarakis, Nikos Karousos, and George Gkotsis. "Personalization Services for Online Collaboration and Learning." In Electronic Services, 1334–46. IGI Global, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-61520-967-5.ch082.
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Collaboration tools can be exploited as virtual spaces that satisfy the community members’ needs to construct and refine their ideas, opinions, and thoughts in meaningful ways, in order to suc-cessfully assist individual and community learning. More specifically, collaboration tools when properly personalized can aid individuals to articulate their personal standpoints in such a way that can be proven useful for the rest of the community where they belong. Personalization services, when properly integrated to collaboration tools, can be an aide to the development of learning skills, to the interaction with other actors, as well as to the growth of the learners’ autonomy and self-direction. This work pre-sents a framework of personalization services that has been developed to address the requirements for efficient and effective collaboration between online communities’ members that can act as catalysts for individual and community learning.
Conference papers on the topic "Community service orders"
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Pavkov, Thomas, and Charles Winer. "The Development of Consumer-Driven Human Services Information Technology Initiatives: The Lake County Indiana Experience." In 2001 Informing Science Conference. Informing Science Institute, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.28945/2366.
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The Family Access Project will deploy innovative community empowerment, education, consensus building, and information system development strategies to strengthen community, ensure the efficient and effective delivery of needed services, and address the unique needs of families requiring public assistance from a host of public and private agencies in Lake County. The goal of the project is to enhance community life through improved care coordination by linking new technologies to the human service delivery process. Upon completion, the project will assist in the enhancement of community-based services through the development of rules of data transaction and data standards and the deployment of a secure messaging/document exchange network. By putting technology in the hands of consumers we also hope to impact the economic development and workforce readiness goals set forth in our community's welfare to work programs. These innovations will require educational innovations in order to facilitate the use of technology by both provider and consumer end-users. Proposed innovations include tutorials related to data standards development, peer train-the-trainer training in the development and use of technology to support service system reforms; and ongoing support through a technical assistance clearinghouse and help desk.
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Lianhong Ding and Peng Shi. "Efficient order picking based on community detection." In 2008 IEEE International Conference on Service Operations and Logistics, and Informatics (SOLI). IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/soli.2008.4682917.
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Noever, David, Josh Kalin, Matthew Ciolino, Dom Hambrick, and Gerry Dozier. "Local Translation Services for Neglected Languages." In 8th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Applications (AIAP 2021). AIRCC Publishing Corporation, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5121/csit.2021.110110.
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Taking advantage of computationally lightweight, but high-quality translators prompt consideration of new applications that address neglected languages. For projects with protected or personal data, translators for less popular or low-resource languages require specific compliance checks before posting to a public translation API. In these cases, locally run translators can render reasonable, cost-effective solutions if done with an army of offline, smallscale pair translators. Like handling a specialist’s dialect, this research illustrates translating two historically interesting, but obfuscated languages: 1) hacker-speak (“l33t”) and 2) reverse (or “mirror”) writing as practiced by Leonardo da Vinci. The work generalizes a deep learning architecture to translatable variants of hacker-speak with lite, medium, and hard vocabularies. The original contribution highlights a fluent translator of hacker-speak in under 50 megabytes and demonstrates a companion text generator for augmenting future datasets with greater than a million bilingual sentence pairs. A primary motivation stems from the need to understand and archive the evolution of the international computer community, one that continuously enhances their talent for speaking openly but in hidden contexts. This training of bilingual sentences supports deep learning models using a long short-term memory, recurrent neural network (LSTM-RNN). It extends previous work demonstrating an English-to-foreign translation service built from as little as 10,000 bilingual sentence pairs. This work further solves the equivalent translation problem in twenty-six additional (non-obfuscated) languages and rank orders those models and their proficiency quantitatively with Italian as the most successful and Mandarin Chinese as the most challenging. For neglected languages, the method prototypes novel services for smaller niche translations such as Kabyle (Algerian dialect) which covers between 5-7 million speakers but one which for most enterprise translators, has not yet reached development. One anticipates the extension of this approach to other important dialects, such as translating technical (medical or legal) jargon and processing health records or handling many of the dialects collected from specialized domains (mixed languages like “Spanglish”, acronym-laden Twitter feeds, or urban slang).
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Tongat, Yaris Adhial Fajrin, Haris, and Ratri Novita Erdianti. "Community Service Order and Its Urgency to Reduce the Negative Impact of Imprisonment." In International Conference on Law Reform (INCLAR 2019). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/aebmr.k.200226.047.
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Suhaimi, S. A., A. Nasyrah, M. S. Khairiyah, and A. A. Norazlin. "Delinquent Behavior Among Youthful Offenders. A Study On Community Service Order Program, Malaysia." In The Proceedings of the 4th International Conference of Social Science and Education, ICSSED 2020, August 4-5 2020, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. EAI, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4108/eai.4-8-2020.2302525.
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Lau, Ka Hing, and Robin Snell. "Conceptual Framework for Assessing Process Variables Salient for Service-Learning Experience." In Sixth International Conference on Higher Education Advances. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica de València, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/head20.2020.10976.
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Service-learning is an established pedagogy which integrates experiential learning with community service. It has been widely adopted in higher education around the world including in Hong Kong, yet the key ingredients that determine its successful impacts for its stakeholders have not been fully assessed. This study reviewed the past literature, which indicates the key ingredients that may be found in successful service-learning programmes. We identify six key ingredients: students provide meaningful service; the community partner representative plays a positive role; effective preparation and support for students; effective reflection by students; effective integration of service-learning within the course design; and stakeholder synergy in terms of collaboration, communication and co-ownership. In order to obtain an inter-subjectively fair and trustworthy data set, reflecting the extent to which those key ingredients are perceived to have been achieved, we propose a multi-stakeholder approach for data collection, involving students, instructors and community partner representatives.
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Losada Rojas, Lisa Lorena, Konstantina “Nadia” Gkritza, and V. Dimitra Pyrialakou. "Assessing the First and Last Mile Problem for Intercity Passenger Rail Service." In 2018 Joint Rail Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/jrc2018-6172.
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The first and last mile of a trip has been used to describe passenger travel with regards to getting to and from transit stops/stations. Solving the first and last mile (FMLM) problem extends the access to transportation systems and enlarges the number of passengers from a remote community, such as rural areas. The FMLM problem has been addressed in different public transit contexts, mainly within urban areas. However, it is also an important part of the journey in an intercity trip; yet, limited research efforts have been undertaken to examine the FMLM problem that intercity passenger train riders face. This paper fills in this gap and further, aims to identify the best strategies that could serve as a FMLM solution for short distance intercity passenger rail service (i.e., corridors that are less than 750 miles long according to the Passenger Rail Improvement and Investment Act, 2008). The Hoosier State Train (HST) service, a short-distance intercity passenger rail that connects Chicago and Indianapolis four days a week, was chosen as a case of study. The HST has four intermediate stops located in Indiana. For some of those intermediate stops HST is the only intercity public transit service offered to reach either Chicago or Indianapolis. In order to explore opportunities to enhance the HST ridership, an on-board survey was conducted in November and December 2016. The findings of this survey suggested that there are riders who travel from counties further away from a county with a station to reach and complete their journey on the train. Moreover, it was found that most of the respondents drove or rented a car, or were dropped off to reach a train station in Indiana. Unlike the results from the Chicago station, the majority of riders boarding the train from one of the Indiana stations did not use ridesharing services or public transportation. These findings suggest that there is a possible gap into the FMLM travel options for intercity rail riders and alternative options to fill this gap should be considered. This paper discusses the case study results of an accessibility analysis aiming to identify the areas in need of first/last mile service where there are no public transportation services and/or it is costly to reach a station from a desired origin. To that end, a cost surface for the different modes available in the area of study was created to determine the average travel cost to the nearest station. The analysis was carried out in ArcGIS using origin-destination data from the on-board survey, transportation network information from the U.S. Bureau Transportation Statistics, and general transit feed specification (GTFS) data. Subsequently, some of the best strategies identified were modeled around the station (e.g., shuttle buses to/from the station) in order to examine how the accessibility would increase after a strategy implementation. The results of this study may have far-reaching implications for planning strategies that can enhance access to the train stations. Finally, the FMLM strategies could assist intercity passenger rail service providers attract a larger number of passengers.
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Geng, Hong, and Zaiyu Fan. "Study on the mechanism of public service emergency response to public health emergency. Take Wuhan as example." In Post-Oil City Planning for Urban Green Deals Virtual Congress. ISOCARP, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.47472/btuz6610.
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With the frequent occurrence of epidemic diseases such as “SARS”, “H1N1”, “MERS”and“COVID19”, public health emergencies, which are characterized by large-scale, high risk, strong persistence and high risk, have become more and more obvious threats to the life and health of urban residents and put forward a huge test to the urban public service system. As the first city of COVID-19 human infection, the core of the epidemic spread and the worst-hit area, Wuhan is an ideal case study. Based on the analysis of the epidemic prevention and control actions in the first three months of the outbreak in Wuhan, this paper evaluates the vulnerability of the public service system and facilities in Wuhan. The results show that Wuhan is faced with many problems, such as the failure of community-level public service facilities, the imbalance of public service allocation in the central city, and the significant gap of graded service supply, when dealing with public health emergencies. Further studies found that due to the lack of dynamic early warning mechanism, the decoupling of public service construction from the urbanization process, the difficulty of service turnover and subsidence and other factors, the public service response was delayed. Based on these practical difficulties, this paper puts forward the construction path of the emergency response mechanism for the city level public service system, specifically including the following six key contents: (1) Improving the emergency plan path of the public service system; (2) Establishing the organizational structure of the emergency management system according to the administrative divisions; (3) Building a community-based mobilization system; (4) Establishing the regional joint defense and control interaction mechanism in public health emergencies; (5) Reserving appropriate strategic construction space; (6) Strengthening the emergency infrastructure construction. Finally, based on the path of emergency response mechanism, this paper proposes the corresponding city wide spatio-temporal prevention and control network strategy, so as to provide a reference for the realization of city health and order.
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ŠVAGŽDIENĖ, Biruta, and Dalia PERKUMIENĖ. "EVALUATION OF COMPETITIVENESS FACTORS OF RURAL COMMUNITIES." In RURAL DEVELOPMENT. Aleksandras Stulginskis University, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.15544/rd.2017.211.
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Competitiveness, which is inextricably linked to the notion of competition, remains the aim pursued by companies and countries because everyone wants to outsource others and, over time, enjoy the benefits. A successfully competing community based by providing of services has more opportunities to attract and retain visitors, the same time implementing and meeting the needs of community members and ensuring community stability. With the rapid development of innovations and technologies, reveals the necessary to analyse the determinants of competitiveness. The competitiveness of the rural area is reflected by factors such as investment attractiveness, living conditions, attractiveness for the population, geographical location, heritage, culture, the fostering of customs and traditions. In order to assess the factors determining the competitiveness of rural communities, an investigation was organized. Methods chosen for the study: document analysis, SWOT and interviews.
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LoRe, Anthony, Paul Stoller, and Robert Hauser. "Maximizing Energy Revenues: Providing the Best Incentive to the Contract Operator." In 14th Annual North American Waste-to-Energy Conference. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/nawtec14-3184.
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Communities that own waste-to-energy (WTE) facilities rely heavily on the revenues generated by their facility to help pay for the costs to finance, operate and maintain these facilities. The two primary revenue streams are tipping fees and energy sales, generally in the form of electricity. While communities often retain all of the tipping fee revenue, revenue from the sale of energy is nearly always shared with the contract operator. In some cases the shared energy revenues include both capacity and electricity payments. The basis of this strategy is to offer the contract operator an added incentive to maximize this revenue stream through more efficient operation and, in the case of capacity payments, to meet certain capacity commitment criteria required by the energy purchaser. This strategy recognizes that the contract operator has some degree of control over the factors that affect energy production. Under most existing service agreements, which date back to the 1980s, energy revenues are shared on a 90/10 basis, with 90 percent going to the community. Now that many of these service agreements are coming up for renewal or are expiring, communities will need to revisit how best to share energy revenues with the contract operator in order to maximize the total revenues retained by the community. This paper analyzes several different approaches to sharing energy revenues in light of the operational experience gained over the past 20 plus years and concludes that, while energy revenue sharing is still in the best interest of the community, the widely employed strategy of a 90/10 split may not offer the best incentive, and therefore may not lead to the maximization of energy revenues to the community.
Reports on the topic "Community service orders"
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Besser, Christopher S. Strategic Planning for Irwin Army Community Hospital: The Assessment and Implementation of Services, in Order to Meet Fort Riley's Increasing Population. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, July 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada493910.
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Cantens, Thomas, and Gaël Raballand. Taxation and Customs Reforms in Fragile States: Between Bargaining and Enforcement. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), May 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/ictd.2021.009.
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In the last decade, African authorities and the international community have called for support to increase taxation capacity in order to reduce reliance on aid flows. This commitment to support tax administrations was reflected in the 2015 Addis Tax Initiative (ATI), which advocated ‘to double assistance to developing countries in order to strengthen their tax systems and administrations’ by the year 2020 (IMF 2017: 6). Increasing domestic resource mobilisation is even more salient for state-building in fragile states, in terms of providing costly services to citizens, including security, across national territory. There is a rich literature (Acemoglu and Robinson 2012; Besley and Persson 2009) arguing that robust and inclusive fiscal institutions are essential for state-building and economic growth. This is not the situation in fragile states.
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Henderson, Tim, Vincent Santucci, Tim Connors, and Justin Tweet. National Park Service geologic type section inventory: Klamath Inventory & Monitoring Network. National Park Service, July 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/nrr-2286915.
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A fundamental responsibility of the National Park Service (NPS) is to ensure that park resources are preserved, protected, and managed in consideration of the resources themselves and for the benefit and enjoyment by the public. Through the inventory, monitoring, and study of park resources, we gain a greater understanding of the scope, significance, distribution, and management issues associated with these resources and their use. This baseline of natural resource information is available to inform park managers, scientists, stakeholders, and the public about the conditions of these resources and the factors or activities which may threaten or influence their stability. There are several different categories of geologic or stratigraphic units (supergroup, group, formation, member, bed) which represent a hierarchical system of classification. The mapping of stratigraphic units involves the evaluation of lithologies, bedding properties, thickness, geographic distribution, and other factors. If a new mappable geologic unit is identified, it may be described and named through a rigorously defined process that is standardized and codified by the professional geologic community (North American Commission on Stratigraphic Nomenclature 2005). In most instances when a new geologic unit such as a formation is described and named in the scientific literature, a specific and well-exposed section of the unit is designated as the type section or type locality (see Definitions). The type section is an important reference section for a named geologic unit which presents a relatively complete and representative profile. The type or reference section is important both historically and scientifically, and should be protected and conserved for researchers to study and evaluate in the future. Therefore, this inventory of geologic type sections in NPS areas is an important effort in documenting these locations in order that NPS staff recognize and protect these areas for future studies. The documentation of all geologic type sections throughout the 423 units of the NPS is an ambitious undertaking. The strategy for this project is to select a subset of parks to begin research for the occurrence of geologic type sections within particular parks. The focus adopted for completing the baseline inventories throughout the NPS was centered on the 32 inventory and monitoring networks (I&M) established during the late 1990s. The I&M networks are clusters of parks within a defined geographic area based on the ecoregions of North America (Fenneman 1946; Bailey 1976; Omernik 1987). These networks share similar physical resources (geology, hydrology, climate), biological resources (flora, fauna), and ecological characteristics. Specialists familiar with the resources and ecological parameters of the network, and associated parks, work with park staff to support network level activities (inventory, monitoring, research, data management). Adopting a network-based approach to inventories worked well when the NPS undertook paleontological resource inventories for the 32 I&M networks. The network approach is also being applied to the inventory for the geologic type sections in the NPS. The planning team from the NPS Geologic Resources Division who proposed and designed this inventory selected the Greater Yellowstone Inventory and Monitoring Network (GRYN) as the pilot network for initiating this project. Through the research undertaken to identify the geologic type sections within the parks of the GRYN methodologies for data mining and reporting on these resources were established. Methodologies and reporting adopted for the GRYN have been used in the development of this type section inventory for the Klamath Inventory & Monitoring Network. The goal of this project is to consolidate information pertaining to geologic type sections which occur within NPS-administered areas, in order that this information is available throughout the NPS to inform park managers...
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Henderson, Tim, Mincent Santucci, Tim Connors, and Justin Tweet. National Park Service geologic type section inventory: Chihuahuan Desert Inventory & Monitoring Network. National Park Service, April 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/nrr-2285306.
Full textAbstract:
A fundamental responsibility of the National Park Service is to ensure that park resources are preserved, protected, and managed in consideration of the resources themselves and for the benefit and enjoyment by the public. Through the inventory, monitoring, and study of park resources, we gain a greater understanding of the scope, significance, distribution, and management issues associated with these resources and their use. This baseline of natural resource information is available to inform park managers, scientists, stakeholders, and the public about the conditions of these resources and the factors or activities which may threaten or influence their stability. There are several different categories of geologic or stratigraphic units (supergroup, group, formation, member, bed) which represent a hierarchical system of classification. The mapping of stratigraphic units involves the evaluation of lithologies, bedding properties, thickness, geographic distribution, and other factors. If a new mappable geologic unit is identified, it may be described and named through a rigorously defined process that is standardized and codified by the professional geologic community (North American Commission on Stratigraphic Nomenclature 2005). In most instances when a new geologic unit such as a formation is described and named in the scientific literature, a specific and well-exposed section of the unit is designated as the type section or type locality (see Definitions). The type section is an important reference section for a named geologic unit which presents a relatively complete and representative profile for this unit. The type or reference section is important both historically and scientifically, and should be recorded such that other researchers may evaluate it in the future. Therefore, this inventory of geologic type sections in NPS areas is an important effort in documenting these locations in order that NPS staff recognize and protect these areas for future studies. The documentation of all geologic type sections throughout the 423 units of the NPS is an ambitious undertaking. The strategy for this project is to select a subset of parks to begin research for the occurrence of geologic type sections within particular parks. The focus adopted for completing the baseline inventories throughout the NPS was centered on the 32 inventory and monitoring networks (I&M) established during the late 1990s. The I&M networks are clusters of parks within a defined geographic area based on the ecoregions of North America (Fenneman 1946; Bailey 1976; Omernik 1987). These networks share similar physical resources (geology, hydrology, climate), biological resources (flora, fauna), and ecological characteristics. Specialists familiar with the resources and ecological parameters of the network, and associated parks, work with park staff to support network level activities (inventory, monitoring, research, data management). Adopting a network-based approach to inventories worked well when the NPS undertook paleontological resource inventories for the 32 I&M networks. The network approach is also being applied to the inventory for the geologic type sections in the NPS. The planning team from the NPS Geologic Resources Division who proposed and designed this inventory selected the Greater Yellowstone Inventory and Monitoring Network (GRYN) as the pilot network for initiating this project. Through the research undertaken to identify the geologic type sections within the parks of the GRYN, methodologies for data mining and reporting on these resources was established. Methodologies and reporting adopted for the GRYN have been used in the development of this type section inventory for the Chihuahuan Desert Inventory & Monitoring Network. The goal of this project is to consolidate information pertaining to geologic type sections which occur within NPS-administered areas, in order that this information is available throughout the NPS...
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Henderson, Tim, Vincent Santucci, Tim Connors, and Justin Tweet. National Park Service geologic type section inventory: Northern Colorado Plateau Inventory & Monitoring Network. National Park Service, April 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/nrr-2285337.
Full textAbstract:
A fundamental responsibility of the National Park Service (NPS) is to ensure that park resources are preserved, protected, and managed in consideration of the resources themselves and for the benefit and enjoyment by the public. Through the inventory, monitoring, and study of park resources, we gain a greater understanding of the scope, significance, distribution, and management issues associated with these resources and their use. This baseline of natural resource information is available to inform park managers, scientists, stakeholders, and the public about the conditions of these resources and the factors or activities which may threaten or influence their stability. There are several different categories of geologic or stratigraphic units (supergroup, group, formation, member, bed) which represent a hierarchical system of classification. The mapping of stratigraphic units involves the evaluation of lithologies, bedding properties, thickness, geographic distribution, and other factors. If a new mappable geologic unit is identified, it may be described and named through a rigorously defined process that is standardized and codified by the professional geologic community (North American Commission on Stratigraphic Nomenclature 2005). In most instances when a new geologic unit such as a formation is described and named in the scientific literature, a specific and well-exposed section of the unit is designated as the type section or type locality (see Definitions). The type section is an important reference section for a named geologic unit which presents a relatively complete and representative profile. The type or reference section is important both historically and scientifically, and should be available for other researchers to evaluate in the future. Therefore, this inventory of geologic type sections in NPS areas is an important effort in documenting these locations in order that NPS staff recognize and protect these areas for future studies. The documentation of all geologic type sections throughout the 423 units of the NPS is an ambitious undertaking. The strategy for this project is to select a subset of parks to begin research for the occurrence of geologic type sections within particular parks. The focus adopted for completing the baseline inventories throughout the NPS was centered on the 32 inventory and monitoring networks (I&M) established during the late 1990s. The I&M networks are clusters of parks within a defined geographic area based on the ecoregions of North America (Fenneman 1946; Bailey 1976; Omernik 1987). These networks share similar physical resources (geology, hydrology, climate), biological resources (flora, fauna), and ecological characteristics. Specialists familiar with the resources and ecological parameters of the network, and associated parks, work with park staff to support network level activities (inventory, monitoring, research, data management). Adopting a network-based approach to inventories worked well when the NPS undertook paleontological resource inventories for the 32 I&M networks. The network approach is also being applied to the inventory for the geologic type sections in the NPS. The planning team from the NPS Geologic Resources Division who proposed and designed this inventory selected the Greater Yellowstone Inventory and Monitoring Network (GRYN) as the pilot network for initiating this project. Through the research undertaken to identify the geologic type sections within the parks of the GRYN methodologies for data mining and reporting on these resources was established. Methodologies and reporting adopted for the GRYN have been used in the development of this type section inventory for the Northern Colorado Plateau Inventory & Monitoring Network. The goal of this project is to consolidate information pertaining to geologic type sections which occur within NPS-administered areas, in order that this information is available throughout the NPS...
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Tohti Bughda, Enver. Uyghurs in China: Personal Testimony of a Uyghur Surgeon. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), July 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/creid.2021.010.
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Dr Enver Tohti Bughda is a qualified medical surgeon and a passionate advocate for Uyghur rights. Having been ordered to remove organs from an executed prisoner, Enver has since taken up a major role in the campaign against forced organ harvesting and is determined to bring China’s darkest secret to light. In this personal testimony, Enver shares his experience working as a surgeon in Xinjiang and reflects more broadly on the situation of Uyghurs in China, explaining that unless Uyghurs earn the sympathy and support of China’s Han majority, unless it is understood that all Chinese people are the victims of the same authoritarian regime, ethnic animosity will continue to serve the political purposes of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP).
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Wright, Kirsten. Collecting Plant Phenology Data In Imperiled Oregon White Oak Ecosystems: Analysis and Recommendations for Metro. Portland State University, March 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/mem.64.
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Highly imperiled Oregon white oak ecosystems are a regional conservation priority of numerous organizations, including Oregon Metro, a regional government serving over one million people in the Portland area. Previously dominant systems in the Pacific Northwest, upland prairie and oak woodlands are now experiencing significant threat, with only 2% remaining in the Willamette Valley in small fragments (Hulse et al. 2002). These fragments are of high conservation value because of the rich biodiversity they support, including rare and endemic species, such as Delphinium leucophaeum (Oregon Department of Agriculture, 2020). Since 2010, Metro scientists and volunteers have collected phenology data on approximately 140 species of forbs and graminoids in regional oak prairie and woodlands. Phenology is the study of life-stage events in plants and animals, such as budbreak and senescence in flowering plants, and widely acknowledged as a sensitive indicator of environmental change (Parmesan 2007). Indeed, shifts in plant phenology have been observed over the last few decades as a result of climate change (Parmesan 2006). In oak systems, these changes have profound implications for plant community composition and diversity, as well as trophic interactions and general ecosystem function (Willis 2008). While the original intent of Metro’s phenology data-collection was to track long-term phenology trends, limitations in data collection methods have made such analysis difficult. Rather, these data are currently used to inform seasonal management decisions on Metro properties, such as when to collect seed for propagation and when to spray herbicide to control invasive species. Metro is now interested in fine-tuning their data-collection methods to better capture long-term phenology trends to guide future conservation strategies. Addressing the regional and global conservation issues of our time will require unprecedented collaboration. Phenology data collected on Metro properties is not only an important asset for Metro’s conservation plan, but holds potential to support broader research on a larger scale. As a leader in urban conservation, Metro is poised to make a meaningful scientific contribution by sharing phenology data with regional and national organizations. Data-sharing will benefit the common goal of conservation and create avenues for collaboration with other scientists and conservation practitioners (Rosemartin 2013). In order to support Metro’s ongoing conservation efforts in Oregon white oak systems, I have implemented a three-part master’s project. Part one of the project examines Metro’s previously collected phenology data, providing descriptive statistics and assessing the strengths and weaknesses of the methods by which the data were collected. Part two makes recommendations for improving future phenology data-collection methods, and includes recommendations for datasharing with regional and national organizations. Part three is a collection of scientific vouchers documenting key plant species in varying phases of phenology for Metro’s teaching herbarium. The purpose of these vouchers is to provide a visual tool for Metro staff and volunteers who rely on plant identification to carry out aspects of their job in plant conservation. Each component of this project addresses specific aspects of Metro’s conservation program, from day-to-day management concerns to long-term scientific inquiry.