Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Community resilience'
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Newell, Sarah. "Building an Ontology of Community Resilience." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/31755.
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Background: Community resilience to a disaster is a complex phenomenon studied using a variety of research lenses, such as psychological and ecological, resulting in a lack of consensus about what the key factors are that make a community resilient. Formally representing this knowledge will allow researchers to better understand the links between the knowledge generated using different lenses and help to integrate new findings into the existing body of knowledge.
Objective: Using ontology engineering methods to represent this knowledge will provide a tool to aid researchers in the field.
Methods: An ontology is a structured way of organizing and representing knowledge in the field of community resilience to a disaster. The model created using this method can be read by a computer, which allows a reasoner to manipulate and infer new knowledge.
Results: When using these methods to structure community resilience knowledge some of the complexities and ambiguities were identified. These included semantic ambiguities, such as two distinct factors being used interchangeably or two terms being used to describe the same factor, making the distinction between what are the factors and the characteristics of those factors, and finally, the inherited characteristics and relationships associated with hierarchical relationships.
Conclusions: Having the knowledge about community resilience to a disaster represented in an ontology will aid researchers when operationalizing this knowledge in the future.
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Kennedy, Neil Patrick Martyn. "Employing Cornish cultures for community resilience." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10871/12641.
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Employing Cornish Cultures for Community Resilience. Can cultural distinctiveness be used to strengthen community bonds, boost morale and equip and motivate people socially and economically? Using the witness of people in Cornwall and comparative experiences, this discussion combines a review of how cultures are commodified and portrayed with reflections on well-being and ‘emotional prosperity’. Cornwall is a relatively poor European region with a cultural identity that inspires an established ethno-cultural movement and is the symbolic basis of community awareness and aspiration, as well as the subject of contested identities and representations. At the heart of this is an array of cultures that is identified as Cornish, including a distinct post-industrial inheritance, the Cornish Language and Celtic Revivalism. Cultural difference has long been a resource for cultural industries and tourism and discussion of using culture for regeneration has accordingly concentrated almost exclusively on these sectors but an emergent ‘regional distinctiveness agenda’ is beginning to present Cornish cultures as an asset for use in branding and marketing other sectors. All of these uses ultimately involve commodification but culture potentially has a far wider role to play in fostering economic, social, cultural and environmental resilience. This research therefore uses multidisciplinary approaches to broaden the discussion to include culture’s primary emotional and social uses. It explores the possibility that enhancing these uses could help to tackle economic and social disadvantage and to build more cohesive communities. The discussion centres on four linked themes: multiple forms of capital; discourse, narrative and myth; human need, emotion and well-being; representation and intervention. Cultural, social, symbolic and human capital are related to collective status and well-being through consideration of cultural practices, repertoires and knowledge. These are explored with discussion of accompanying representations and discourses and their social, emotional and economic implications so as to allow tentative suggestions for intervention in policy and representation. A key conclusion is that culture may be used proactively to increase ‘emotional capital’.
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Wilder, Shannon M. J. "Resilience from Violence in the Transgender Community." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1498051485277639.
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Wilder, Shannon Marie Johnson. "Resilience from Violence in the Transgender Community." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1530112472869158.
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Mary, Wells Margaret. "Resilience in rural community-dwelling older adults." Diss., Online access via UMI:, 2007.
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Droz, PennElys. "Biocultural Engineering Design for Indigenous Community Resilience." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/323449.
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Indigenous peoples worldwide are engaged in the process of rebuilding and re-empowering their communities. They are faced with challenges emerging from a history of physical, spiritual, emotional, and economic colonization, challenges including a degraded resource base, lack of infrastructure, and consistent pressure on their land tenure and ways of life. These communities, however, continue demonstrating profound resilience in the midst of these challenges; working to re-empower and provide for the contemporary needs of their people in a manner grounded in supporting bio-cultural integrity; the interconnected relationship of people and homeland. At the same time, in response to contemporary environmental degradation, the fields of resilience science, adaptive management, and ecological engineering have emerged, the recommendations of which bear remarkable similarity to Indigenous ontologies, epistemologies, and governance structures. The relationship between these fields and Indigenous epistemology, underscored by experience in the field, has led to the conceptualization of bio-cultural engineering design; design that emerges from the inter-relationship of people and ecology. The biocultural engineering design methodology identifies the unique cosmological relationships and cultural underpinnings of contemporary Indigenous communities, and applies this specific cultural lens to engineered design and architecture. The development of resilience principles within the fields of architecture and engineering have created avenues for biocultural design to be translatable into engineering and architectural design documents, allowing access to large scale financial support for community development. This method is explored herein through literature and analysis of practical application in several different Indigenous communities and nations. This method lends itself to future research on biocultural design processes as a source of technological and design innovation as Indigenous communities practice placing their values and cosmologies at the center of development decisions, as well as comprehensive start-to-finish documentation of the methodology applied to diverse engineered applications, including water systems, energy systems, and building construction.
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Strong, Grant Martin. "An exploration of community resilience in a group of postgraduate students in a challenging training programme / Grant Martin Strong." Thesis, North-West University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/4324.
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Muir, Laurelle. "Operationalising community disaster resilience: The role of place-based community organisations." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2020. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/198194/1/Laurelle_Muir_Thesis.pdf.
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This thesis examines how place-based community organisations can play an effective role in the operationalisation of community disaster resilience. This study has explored the roles delivered by two place-based community organisations during the Brisbane 2011 flood, providing important new knowledge on how their roles were delivered, identifying the influence of the characteristics of community disaster resilience and key elements of social capital, as well as examining learnings from international models of community led responses. The framework developed through this research provides a practical and viable mechanism to activate the vision of disaster resilience outlined in policy frameworks in Australia. This framework has suggested a departure from a traditional "top down" approach to disaster resilience, presenting a crucial opportunity to strengthen the capacity of the disaster management system to respond to an increasing frequency of disaster events.
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Thomas, Huw. "Social resilience in Cornish fishing communities." Thesis, University of Plymouth, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/9690.
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Rural Cornish coastal fishing communities express, and have expressed, varying degrees of ability to develop and retain social resilience capacity, or the ability to withstand ‘shock’ over both ‘fast’ and ‘slow’ onset events in social, political, economic and natural domain terms (Wilson, 2012a). Endogenous and exogenous influences may include natural changes in resources and resource dependency resulting in the loss or depletion of community livelihoods associated with a decline in fishing activities (Brookfield, 2005; Marshall, 2007a), issues of tourism driven change and notions of ‘community’. Four capitals are initially conceptually considered, those of natural, political, social and economic capitals driving institutional change and individual-community behaviour within fishing communities. This is considered for fishing activities and cross-community aspirational or extant forms of resilience building with a particular focus on social memory, community-personal identity (Wilson, 2012b; Wilson, 2013; Wilson, 2014) and critically, power (Chaskin, 2001). This research frames community resilience within a resilience framework on local, national and EU scales. The initial capital approach is further developed and articulated into a novel resilience status and process framework, the community resilience and vulnerability index, or the CRVI. The research fieldwork observes social resilience through empirical qualitative methods supported by an anthropological lens, especially in regard to social issues, trust, confidence, power and agency within fishing communities and trajectories that have been guided by internal and external influences and adaptive change to social networks. One of the research challenges was the building of the CRVI using coupled approaches to coping strategies that may have value both across the Cornish case study communities and into wider community usage.
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Farrell, John L. "Community Engagement for Collective Resilience : The Rising System." Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/17363.
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Approved for public release; distribution is unlimitedSince the inception of the United States Department of Homeland Security, the American public has been told that it has a prominent role to play in the War on Terror. However, this role has not been clearly defined. This thesis explores the viability of community engagement as a tool to promote public safety and homeland security. Research was primarily conducted through a literature review (to understand how engagement impacts safety), and a comparison of four case studies of safety-centric engagement programs in the U.S. and United Kingdom. While several of the programs in the case studies have proven to be effective at developing trust and improving security, the U.S. federal government has not effectively worked with these resources to improve its understanding of the domestic security landscape. This thesis contends that a new system is necessary to connect the federal government to local engagement programs. This may be accomplished with a domestic coordination and engagement system, referred to as the Rising System for the purposes of this thesis. The goal of the Rising System would be threefold To link federal, state, and local governments; to build on existing community policing and outreach efforts to help at-risk communities identify their greatest challenges; and to provide a forum where community members can safely work with their government to develop solutions.
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Lendvay, Márton. "Community resilience and agency within the rural assemblage." Thesis, Aberystwyth University, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2160/81f16152-5558-4dd4-82cf-99bc6fb7200d.
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Rural change and the ability of farming communities to respond and withstand change is a topic of ongoing concern in the current research agenda. ‘Rural community resilience’ is a concept that has become a core theme of academic, policy and lay discourses discussing dynamics of rural change, widely associated with community studies and allied to notions of social capital. This work reviews approaches to community relations developed within community studies and social capital scholarship, and suggests that the relational agency of the network ties might also be explored through the application of an assemblage approach. However, and unlike many previous approaches to community resilience that use the concept in a normative way and which understandably highlight agency of social relations, this research has been constructed in such a way that network ties established through day-to-day community practices are characterized both vital and far from passive. Developing this current line of thinking in rural studies, this project argues that more-than-social agency evoked by relations between human and non-human components of the rural assemblage is an important factor affecting community resilience. The empirical research feeds from two case studies and gathers evidence from two distinctive agricultural communities of Hungary and Wales, whilst also recognizing similarities in the context of globalization. It argues that rural community resilience lies in relations between the humans, the land and the agricultural commodities.
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Benjamin, Arlene. "Community counsellors' experiences of trauma and resilience in a low-income community." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/86553.
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Thesis (PhD)--Stellenbosch University, 2014.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Violence is considered a global mental health problem. The rate of violence in South Africa is amongst the highest in the world and much of this violence is disproportionately skewed towards the poorer and historically disadvantaged communities. Low-income communities continue to bear the brunt of historical legacies of violence which are perpetuated through current ongoing cycles of interpersonal and community violence. While much has been documented about trauma and resilience in environments where the violence or traumatic event has ceased, there is a dearth of literature conceptualising trauma and resilience in contexts where the violence persists. Furthermore, even fewer studies have captured how trauma and resilience are conceptualised from the perspectives of the voices who experience this violence daily. The social constructionist framework of this study aims to contribute to the knowledge of how trauma and resilience is constructed by those who experience ongoing violence, and whether resilience and healing does occur in an environment of continuous traumatic stress. The voices of the participants of the study provide an additional perspective from that of community-based counsellors. Their dual experience of living and working in a violent community gives a rich insight into the relationship between trauma and resilience. The study is located in Hanover Park, a low-income community, notorious for its high levels of community violence. The participants are community-based counsellors who volunteer at Organisation X, a community-based ecological intervention that has been developed in response to addressing the cyclical impacts of ongoing violence and continuous trauma. The research design is a purposive in-depth case study of eighteen counsellors, investigating the narratives of their lives within its real-life context. Follow-up focus groups held with the counsellors were guided by ideas and practices of narrative theory. The narratives were analysed using thematic content and experience-centred form analysis. Multi-level themes related to trauma and resilience were constructed by the participants. It was revealed that the trauma effects related to systemic ongoing violence are viewed as maladaptive features of negative resilience. At the same time positive resilience which promotes healing, empowerment and transformation is possible despite negative and violent environments. The perspectives of community counsellors which offer critically important insight into their experience of the context of violence, and the complex interconnecting of individual, interpersonal and social aspects of trauma and healing in disadvantaged communities, could also inform future evidence-based interventions, provide alternate paradigms within which mental health professionals could position themselves to engage in issues of social justice and psychosocial health.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Geweld word wêreldwyd as 'n geestesgesondheidsprobleem beskou. Die voorkoms van geweld in Suid-Afrika, is tans een van die hoogstes in die wêreld en die meeste van hierdie geweld neig om veral die armer en histories benadeelde gemeenskappe negatief te raak. Gemeenskappe in die laer inkomstegroepe is dus die mense wat die spit afbyt, omdat hierdie historiese nalatenskap van geweld deur die huidige voortdurende kringloop van interpersoonlike en gemeenskapsgeweld voortleef. Alhoewel daar alreeds baie dokumentêre bewyse bestaan oor trauma en veerkragtigheid in omgewings waar geweld of traumatiese gebeure beëindig is, is daar 'n gebrek aan literatuur wat trauma en veerkragtigheid vasvang waar geweld die orde van die dag is. Daar is verder nog minder studies wat vaslê hoe trauma en veerkragtigheid uit die oogpunt van die betrokkenes wat geweld daagliks ervaar, gekonseptualiseer word. Die sosiale konstruksionisme raamwerk van hierdie studie beoog om 'n bydrae te lewer oor hoe , indien wel, trauma en genesing beleef word deur diegene wat voortdurende geweld ervaar in 'n omgewing waar aanhoudende traumatiese stres voorkom. Die deelnemers aan hierdie studie verskaf 'n addisionele perspektief van die van gemeenskapsberaders. Hul tweeledige ervaring van leef en werk in 'n gewelddadige gemeenskap verskaf 'n dieper insig in die verhouding tussen trauma en veerkragtigheid. Die buurt waar die studie gedoen is, is Hanover-park - 'n lae inkomste gemeenskap wat berug is vir hoe vlakke van gemeenskapsgeweld. Die deelnemers is beraders uit die gemeenskap wat vrywillige werk doen by Organisasie X - 'n gemeenskapsgebaseerde ekologiese intervensie wat ontwikkel is om die sikliese impak van voortdurende geweld en trauma te verminder. Die navorsingstudie is 'n doelgerigte diepgaande gevallestudie van agtien beraders wat hul lewensverhale binne die werklike konteks ondersoek. Die beraders het die opvolg fokus-groepe gelei deur idees en die narratiewe teorie in die praktyk toe te pas. Die vertellings is geanaliseer deur gebruik te maak van die tematiese inhoud en 'n ervarings-gesentreerde analitiese formaat. Veelvlakkige temas wat verband hou met trauma en veerkragtigheid is deur die deelnemers saamgestel. Dit het aan die lig gebring dat die effek van trauma wat verband hou met voortdurende sistemiese geweld geag word as wanaangepaste kenmerke van negatiewe veerkragtigheid. Terselfdertyd is die positiewe veerkragtigheid wat genesing, bemagtiging en verandering evorder moontlik, ten spyte van negatiewe en gewelddadige omgewings. Die vooruitsigte van die gemeenskapsberaders wat belangrike en kritiese insig in hul ervarings binne geweldsverband bied, die ingewikkelde verbondenheid van die indiwiduele, interpersoonlike en sosiale aspekte van trauma en genesing in benadeelde gemeenskappe kan insiggewend wees vir toekomstige ingryping. Dit kan alternatiewe modelle voorsien waarvolgens beroepslui in die geestesgesondheidveld hulself kan inrig om kwessies van sosiale geregtigheid en psigo-sosiale gesondheids-toestande aan te spreek.
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Kokroko, Kenneth Joseph. "Cultivating Community: Social Networks, Gardening, and Community Resilience in the Sonoran Desert." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/297628.
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This research seeks to identify, describe, and understand community as it is expressed in the local and urban gardening sphere of Tucson, Arizona. Underlying this effort is the ethnographic intent to qualitatively document and explore whether, and ultimately how, members or components of the social network interact. The relevance of this research lies not only in better understanding how people experience community in specific contexts, but also in its aim to demonstrate that both physical and virtual relationships - virtual referring to a conceptualized essence or effect not manifest in concrete appearance or form - contribute to the development, manifestation, and common ownership of communities. Gardening-related and support-oriented resources and spaces in Tucson - namely the Seed Library of the Pima County Public Library and Las Milpitas de Cottonwood Community Farm - served as field sites for this research and represent vertices which link subgroups physically and virtually within the social network itself. Importantly, examining the synergy characterizing relations between members and components of the network aids efforts to qualitative describe the community’s resilience.
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Brown, Victoria Jane. "Coastal community resilience : disjuncture, anxiety and the change capacity." Thesis, University of Leicester, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/37949.
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Resilience has become a mainstay of climate change literature however it has long been interpreted to strengthen, support and perpetuate business as usual practices and beliefs; bouncing back to ‘normal’. Moreover climate change narratives largely ignore the necessary changes required of countries such as the UK. These changes are not restricted solely to transitioning to low carbon economies, transportation systems and home-life, but relate to attitudes about the land beneath out feet. In the UK focus is most frequently directed towards flooding and although this is and remains a grave concern it is not the only problem. With increasing frequency and magnitude of storms and intensifying rainfall alongside sea level rise, it is not only lowland areas being affected but cliffed coastlines subject to accelerated and augmented erosion. These effects are especially noticeable along the eastern coast of England which is composed largely of glacial moraines, clays, silts and sands. I have focused here on two cliff-top communities in North Norfolk to explore how the communities affected respond and cope, or not, with the changes. Bounce forward resilience shows its usefulness here by including these human aspects and recognising that it is not always possible to ‘bounce back’, nor should you as the ‘business as usual’ option may restrict ability to change. Through open interviews, reflective personal notebooks and interactive focus groups issues of disjuncture between control and fix-it tendencies and other social ideals, and the changes occurring are revealed. A triangular framework was employed to assess the extent of lock-in to particular practices and ways of living through open interviews, to explore participant emotional reactions using reflective personal notebooks, and finally undertaking focus groups to investigate capacity for change. Emotional dissonance is evident in witnessing the jarring disappearance of not just houses and landmarks but common understandings, and endeavours to maintain stability, continuity and reassert ‘the norm’. This research further reveals the creation of spaces of anxiety out of fear of future risk and compound effects leading to blight both economic and emotional. Thirdly capacity for change is discovered to be crucial in thinking beyond the normal historically accepted attitudes and behaviours, and depends largely on how ready people are to accept change and through social endeavours and community spirit make good a bad situation. The extant issues in North Norfolk represent a larger picture of loss and change around the world, with the possibility for survival through innovation and change.
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Petersen, Cindy. "Youth violence perpetration : a systematic review of community-level protective factors and community resilience." University of the Western Cape, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/4688.
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Magister Psychologiae - MPsychThis study aimed to (1) establish the conceptualization of youth violence perpetration within the literature; (2) explore identified community-level protective factors, (3) establish whether the interaction between community-level risk and protective factors are discussed, and (4) establish whether community-level protective factors are conceptualised within community resilience framework within the literature on youth violence. The research design of this study is a systematic review of literature focused on youth violence perpetration, community-level protective factors against perpetration of violence by youth, as well as community resilience. English-medium research literature published between Jan 1994 and Jan 2014 was reviewed. Databases that were searched are: Academic Search Premier, PsycArticles, MEDLINE, JSTOR, SocIndex, and SageOnline. Data extraction was done by two reviewers at three stages of review (abstract reading, title reading, and full-text reading), using three instruments for quality assessment across the three stages. Fifteen articles were deemed acceptable after review at the end of the three stages, achieving a threshold score of 50% or more, and these articles were used in the findings of this review. These primary studies were collated, systematically assessed, synthesised, and interpreted. Findings of this review indicate that youth violence perpetration is conceptualised within the research as various forms of violence committed by young people. The literature has suggested that youth violence perpetration may be as a result of a lack of social infrastructure and opportunities within impoverished communities. For this reason the provision of community resources, economic opportunity, educational and mentoring programmes, and subsequently the development of prosocial involvement/ interaction was suggested as strategies for intervention at a community level. Major findings of the study as well as the implications for practice and further research are discussed.
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Sydnor-Bousso, Sandra Beatrice. "Assessing the Impact of Industry Resilience as a Function of Community Resilience: The Case of Natural Disasters." The Ohio State University, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1250524624.
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Chiussi, Giulia. "PLAY - Planning for the Livability and resilience of Appignano communitY." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2020.
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L’ obiettivo della tesi è quello di proporre soluzioni per la rigenerazione di Appignano del Tronto, un paese, situato in un’area rurale della regione Marche, colpito dai terremoti del 2016-2017.
L’elaborato si divide in tre parti.
La prima è dedicata alla resilienza, intesa come capacità di una specifica comunità di reagire, adattarsi e riuscire a trasformare in opportunità le sfide ambientali, naturali e socio-economiche che si trova ad affrontare. Il tema è stato affrontato nell’ambito della resilienza di comunità, andando ad inserirsi nel filone di ricerca che considera le interazioni socio-ambientali e sfruttando le potenzialità di approccio sistemico offerte dal Community Capital Framework per l’analisi e l’elaborazione della strategia.
La seconda parte analizza le politiche europee e locali in merito alla rigenerazione delle aree rurali. Il macro-livello europeo fornisce un quadro di riferimento delle sfide comuni con cui questi territori si confrontano, mentre il livello locale ha il compito di definire degli obiettivi concreti che permettano lo sviluppo e la gestione nella scala più vicina d’intervento.
La terza parte vuole dare un contributo progettuale allo sviluppo della resilienza per la comunità di Appignano. Gli interventi concepiti in questo elaborato, tra cui la proposta di creare un co-housing diffuso e un percorso a tappe che promuova la conoscenza della tradizione locale, sono mirati a trasformare le attuali debolezze in punti di forza, facendo leva sulla relazione dell’uomo con l’ambiente in cui abita e sulla consapevolezza dei meccanismi che ad essa sono legati. Individuando i Capitali-chiave per la rigenerazione - costruito, sociale e naturale-cuturale - si propongono soluzioni in grado di incidere anche su altri Capitali innescando un processo di ‘spiraling up’ per aumentare la resilienza della comunità e del territorio che abita.
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Boucek, Ross E. "Investigating Sub-tropical Community Resistance and Resilience to Climate Disturbance." FIU Digital Commons, 2016. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/2993.
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Changes in global climate will likely increase climate variability. In turn, changes in climate variability have begun to alter the frequency, intensity, and timing of climate disturbances. Continued changes in the climate disturbance regime experienced by natural systems will undoubtedly affect ecological processes at every hierarchical scale. Thus, in order to predict the dynamics of ecological systems in the future, we must develop a more mechanistic understanding of how and in what ways climate disturbance affects natural systems. In South Florida, two climate disturbances recently affected the region, a severe cold spell in 2010, and a drought in 2011. Importantly, these disturbances affected an ecosystem of long-term, comprehensive, and persistent ecological study in the Shark River estuary in the Everglades National Park. The aims of my dissertation were to (1) assess the relative severity of these two climate disturbances, (2) identify effects of these disturbances on community structuring, (3) compare community change from the 2010 cold spell with community change from another extreme cold spell that affected sub-tropical China in 2008, (4) assess the effects of the drought on predator prey interactions in the Shark River and (5) apply a spatial approach to predicting population resistance to these events. My results show that the 2010 cold spell was the most severe cold event to affect the Shark River in the last 80 years, while the drought was the worst drought to occur in the last 10 years. The cold spell drove community change that was predictable based on the traits of component species, whereas community change was less predictable using trait-based approaches. When comparing community change from the extreme 2010 event in Florida with the event in China, I identified three consistencies related to community change from extreme cold events that occurred across both events that will help build generalized understanding of community resistance to increasingly extreme climate events in the future. From the trophic study, I found that the drought reduced prey for estuarine piscivores. Not only was prey biomass reduced, the drought drove a compositional shift in prey communities from fish to invertebrates, which are lower in calories. Last, I found that animal movement may create temporally dynamic resistance scenarios that should be accounted for when developing predictive models.
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McLennan, Vanette. "The role of family and community resilience in Indigenous wellbeing." University of Sydney, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/6237.
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Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)The alarming rates of ill-health and social disadvantage amongst Australian Indigenous peoples has continued despite improved understanding of the determinants behind these conditions. There appears to be an urgent need to review and re-orientate health and social programs, from a deficit-focused to a strengths-based model, whereby a community’s capacity and resilience is enhanced utilising, and building on, existing strengths and resources. The current study set out to investigate the meaning and role of resilience in the wellbeing of Indigenous Australians. The aim of the study was to examine resilience within an Indigenous context, its potential role in strengthening the Indigenous response to adversity, and the prospective ways in which this may be used in initiatives aimed at boosting health and wellbeing in Indigenous communities. The study involved qualitative in-depth interviews and focus groups within the Indigenous Yaegl community of north-eastern New South Wales. This was achieved through extensive consultation with the community, and a strong commitment to upholding cultural sensitivities and ethical considerations. The data was analysed using a phenomenological framework, involving objective and in-depth thematic analysis, with specific focus on the relationships within the data and their associations with the research questions posed. The study indicates the resilience of the Yaegl community, involving individual, family and community level resilience, involves interdependent protective factors and support structures. The experience of hardship itself, and the ability to employ positive adaptational/coping skills and recruit a variety of protective resources are key to the development of resilience throughout the life continuum. The study demonstrates the importance of these mechanisms not only at the individual level, but also in the resilience of family units and the community. This appears particularly important within the Indigenous context where these levels of functioning are interdependently connected. The study has implications for health and social practitioners looking to broaden their understanding of the Indigenous experience, to one that acknowledges the many existing strengths and protective factors present in Indigenous communities. Practitioners and program developers would benefit from utilising this holistic model of resilience, in which individual, family and community based protective factors play important roles in the prevention of risk and the development of resilience. Programs incorporating this understanding are expected to be more effective in both service delivery and outcomes, because all levels of functioning would be viewed and addressed as interdependent elements in the development of resilience and response to adversity.
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Welsh, Joshua. "The St. George Rainway : building community resilience with green infrastructure." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/45766.
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This thesis was written with cognizance of humanity’s passage into the current epoch: the Anthropocene. Impacts the human species currently have upon the biosphere are physically and chemically altering it to degrees that have crossed thresholds of sustainability. The side effects of this call for resilience to enable healthful transitions into the unstable and unpredictable future. Central to global climate change and central to the profession of landscape architecture is the element: water. The St. George Rainway offers a new opportunity to be a demonstration project for the City of Vancouver where the City and the community of Mount Pleasant act as collaborators with design, construction, and maintenance of a project with water in the public realm.
There are three components essential to this work: a community survey, a series of stakeholder and expert interviews, and a design-application of theory using landscape architecture. The survey and interviews establish the local context for the thesis, a baseline for presence of social cohesion, and a framing for the applicability of the ten prominent characteristics of resilient communities. Taken together, the application of design responds to the collective voice and needs of the community and provides a set of goals, phases, strategies for design as a framework to help realize future implementation of the St. George Rainway.
The voluntary engagement in the physical transformation of one’s community can provide opportunity for a growth in social cohesion. Subsequently, this growth can improve the conditions that fostered the bonds and bridges within that community that inspired the initial voluntary engagement. Green infrastructure, when considered through this lens, has a reciprocal relationship with social cohesion, where the improvement of one feeds into the improvement of the other. This model could therefore provide both a resilient option for physical development of land and for social development of community for a neighbourhood like Mount Pleasant by encouraging more interaction among neighbours and with the local public realm. The St. George Rainway: Building Community Resilience with Green Infrastructure aims to provide a framework for this.
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Jones, Jacqueline. "Post-Katrina Student Resilience: Perspectives of Nunez Community College Students." ScholarWorks@UNO, 2010. http://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/1137.
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This study examines the phenomenon of student resiliency as it relates to Nunez Community College students who returned to attend school in the community of St. Bernard Parish following Hurricane Katrina. Nunez Community College is located in Chalmette, Louisiana, fifteen miles east of the City of New Orleans. The community is adjacent to the Lower Ninth Ward. This study seeks to answer the questions of why the students returned to a disaster-stricken area to continue their studies and how the students coped in the aftermath. There is a significant gap in the literature on post-disaster resiliency and in particular, the role of education in post-disaster recovery. Twelve students who returned to Nunez Community College post-Katrina were interviewed using a Student Resilience Model as a conceptual framework. The perceptions of the students' post-disaster experiences resulted in five themes which included Individual Resilience, Post-Disaster Academic Integration, Post-Disaster Social Int
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McLennan, Vanette. "The role of family and community resilience in Indigenous wellbeing." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/6237.
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The alarming rates of ill-health and social disadvantage amongst Australian Indigenous peoples has continued despite improved understanding of the determinants behind these conditions. There appears to be an urgent need to review and re-orientate health and social programs, from a deficit-focused to a strengths-based model, whereby a community’s capacity and resilience is enhanced utilising, and building on, existing strengths and resources. The current study set out to investigate the meaning and role of resilience in the wellbeing of Indigenous Australians. The aim of the study was to examine resilience within an Indigenous context, its potential role in strengthening the Indigenous response to adversity, and the prospective ways in which this may be used in initiatives aimed at boosting health and wellbeing in Indigenous communities. The study involved qualitative in-depth interviews and focus groups within the Indigenous Yaegl community of north-eastern New South Wales. This was achieved through extensive consultation with the community, and a strong commitment to upholding cultural sensitivities and ethical considerations. The data was analysed using a phenomenological framework, involving objective and in-depth thematic analysis, with specific focus on the relationships within the data and their associations with the research questions posed. The study indicates the resilience of the Yaegl community, involving individual, family and community level resilience, involves interdependent protective factors and support structures. The experience of hardship itself, and the ability to employ positive adaptational/coping skills and recruit a variety of protective resources are key to the development of resilience throughout the life continuum. The study demonstrates the importance of these mechanisms not only at the individual level, but also in the resilience of family units and the community. This appears particularly important within the Indigenous context where these levels of functioning are interdependently connected. The study has implications for health and social practitioners looking to broaden their understanding of the Indigenous experience, to one that acknowledges the many existing strengths and protective factors present in Indigenous communities. Practitioners and program developers would benefit from utilising this holistic model of resilience, in which individual, family and community based protective factors play important roles in the prevention of risk and the development of resilience. Programs incorporating this understanding are expected to be more effective in both service delivery and outcomes, because all levels of functioning would be viewed and addressed as interdependent elements in the development of resilience and response to adversity.
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Maldonado, Raul Angel. "RESILIENCE AND RESISTANCE: HOW THE INLAND EMPIRE TRANSGENDER COMMUNITY THRIVES." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2018. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd/739.
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Society’s current focus on the transgender community is complicated, and further heightened by the lack of protections for the transgender community. Current studies only assess the hardships transgender individuals face and the impact they have on their well-being. This study sought to explore what effects the lack of resources and support have on the transgender community in the Inland Empire. This study utilized a qualitative approach incorporating semi-structured interviews of participants. The author also sought to explore how the transgender community in this area are able to mitigate any negative experiences. The qualitative data provided rich grounding in understanding the process by which these two factors are linked. Such that, the lack of resources or access to available resources contributed to distress and delayed transgender identification and transitioning. The contribution of the study is important because of the stigmas associated with being a member of the transgender community. The author contends that this research contributes to providing a better understanding of why these stigmas exist and how social services can alleviate and provide equitable and competent resources for the transgender community in the Inland Empire. The major themes derived from the data were separated by access to resources, finding community, in-group discrimination, lack of competence, risking vulnerability, sense of self, social support, and visibility. Sub-themes included: asserting gender, dysphoria, machismo, and socio-economic climate.
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Brooks, Kathryn Janet (Lamb), and kal@aapt net au. "Rural resilience and prosperity : the relevance of government and community networks." The Australian National University. Faculty of Arts, 2007. http://thesis.anu.edu.au./public/adt-ANU20080115.173131.
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Dominant society centred interpretations of social capital in Australia are
inadequate to explain the economic fortunes and social prosperity of rural
Australian communities. Given the continued contention over interpretations and
measurement of social capital, this research sought to assess the relationship
between different interpretations of social capital and rural communities resilience
and prosperity.
¶
Utilising both quantitative and qualitative techniques to establish the relative
levels of social capital in two communities of divergent growth, the primary
objective was to test the association asserted between levels of social capital and
prosperity and resilience in the rural Australian context.
¶
The research findings highlight three notable issues. Surveying social capital with
current instruments is only effective in establishing the well being of rural
communities which appears related to their resilience, not their ability to prosper.
Secondly, the operational frameworks and responsibilities for social capital
adopted by governments dictate the manner in, and degree to which they deem
bridging and linking networks necessary and appropriate. This significantly affects
the role social capital is perceived to play in communities. Lastly, while
interpretations of social capital regard it as a normative factor in social life, rather
than being comprised of different and dynamic elements affecting communities
ability to prosper, the concept will remain unable to effectively contribute to the
policy domain.
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Normand, Catherine. "Exploring the resilience in youth living in a high-risk community /." Thesis, Link to the online version, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10019/452.
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Kuan, Hsueh Ling. "Resilience of soil microbial community function in an upland grassland soil." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2003. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk/R?func=search-advanced-go&find_code1=WSN&request1=AAIU181291.
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Soil microorganisms are critical to many processes in the environment such as decomposition and nutrient cycling; yet little is known about how functional processes performed by soil microbial communities respond to and recover from perturbation. The influences of microbial community structure, rhizosphere interactions and environmental factors on soil microbial community function were examined in a temperate upland grassland soil. Two contrasting methods were used to manipulate microbial community structure in soil microcosms. In a constructive approach, soil was g-irradiated and reinoculated with a progressively diluted soil suspension, producing 4 levels of microbial inoculum. In a deconstructive approach, soil was chloroform-fumigated for 0, 1/2, 2 or 24 h. Both sets of soils were then incubated for 8 months until a similar microbial biomass size was attained. Samples of each soil were either heat-stressed (40°C for 24h) or amended with Cu (1000 mg kg -1). Functional capability was assessed over 28 days following stress by monitoring the short-term decomposition of native plant residues. The progressively fumigated and g-irradiated and reinoculated soils were either amended to 200 mg kg-1 N or unfertilized, and planted with an indigenous grass, Agrostis capillaris L. cv. Highland for eight months. Temporal and rhizosphere effects were shown to influence the resilience of soil microbial function to perturbation. A field study of the grassland site and microbial toxicity assessment of soil pore water extracts using a lux-marked biosensor, E. coli HB101 (pUCD607), demonstrated that land management practices influenced functional resilience to Cu perturbation through changes in Cu bioavailability. Resilience of the decomposition process in the upland grassland soil was shown to be significantly affected by the type of perturbation applied, prevailing structure of the soil microbial community, temporal variation and land management practices.
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Moreno, Romero Jenny Andrea. "Natural disasters and community resilience : the case of El Morro, Chile." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2016. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/38415/.
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The purpose of this study is to analyse the impact of the 2010 Chile earthquake and tsunami on community resilience. Specifically, the thesis examines the role of community resilience in coping with and recovery from natural disasters, and the capacities and external factors that enhance or undermine the levels of community resilience. Furthermore, this study focuses on developing a model suitable for analysing community resilience in the context of natural disasters in Chile. In 2010, a magnitude 8.8 earthquake and tsunami struck Chile. Coastal areas were particularly affected by the disaster; fishing villages were completely destroyed and many people were injured and killed by the tsunami. However, exceptionally, only one fishing village entirely survived the tsunami impact in Talcahuano, one of the worst affected regions by the disaster. This is the case of the ‘El Morro’ community where, despite their boats and houses being swept away by the destructive waves, no one died. This community, considered the most successful experience in coping effectively with the disaster in the country, is the case analysed in this thesis. The results of a primary research conducted in the ‘El Morro’ case study (through methods of semi-structured interviews, observation, informal conversations, documentary review and social media) show that communities have the power to activate internal resources and capacities to cope with and recover from natural disasters. The research highlights that communities are not simply passive victims of disasters; rather, they are active agents. Furthermore, it shows that external factors, specifically political ones can have a detrimental effect on community resilience. Additionally, an integrated model of community resilience was developed which provides new insights into measuring community resilience in the context of natural disasters. Finally, these findings could be useful for designing effective disaster risk reduction programmes and promoting community resilience in Chile and in other developing countries.
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Khunwishit, Somporn. "Community Resilience in Thailand: a Case Study of Flood Response in Nakhonsawan City Municipality." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2013. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc271841/.
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Natural disasters such as flooding often affect vast areas and create infinite demands that need to be addressed in the same time. The wide scopes and severe impacts of such catastrophes often exceed, if not overwhelm, capacity of the national government to handle. In such a situation, communities such as cities and neighborhoods need to rely on their own capacity (resources, strategies, and expertise) to respond to disaster impacts at least until external assistance can be reached. Thus, studying how communities can be resilient to the impacts of natural disasters is important because this would enhance their ability to respond to the next disaster better. Within the context of great flooding in Thailand in 2011, this dissertation investigated the factors that generated or enhanced resilience of flood stricken-communities in Thailand. Nakhonswan City Municipality was selected as the research site. Qualitative research methods were employed in this study. Data were collected using in-depth interview and focus group. Thirty-six participants (28 for in-depth interview and 8 for focus group interview) from various organizations were recruited using snowball and purposive sampling strategies. Interview data from the field research were transcribed, translated from Thai language to English, and then analyzed using open coding and focused coding strategies. Analyses of in-depth interview data revealed eight conceptual themes representing factors that constituted resilience of Nakhonsawan City Municipality, as the leading organization responded to the flood. These factors are: availability of resources for resilience; managerial adaptability; crisis leadership; quality workforce; knowledge sharing and learning; organizational preparedness; organizational integration; and sectoral integration. In addition, findings from the focus group interview with members of three strong neighborhoods found eight factors that helped these neighborhoods respond effectively to the flood crisis. They included: self-reliance; cooperation; local wisdom; preparedness; internal support; external support; crisis adaptability; and pre-disaster social cohesion. This dissertation ended with the discussion of implications, limitations and suggestions for future research.
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Stoffle, Brent W., Trevor Purcell, Richard W. Stoffle, Vlack Kathleen Van, Kendra Arnett, and Jessica Minnis. "Credit, Identity, and Resilience in the Bahamas and Barbados." Ethnology, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/292953.
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People of the Caribbean have maintained social networks that provide security in the face of human and natural perturbations. Rotating savings and credit associations (ROSCAs) constitute one such system, which probably came to much of the Caribbean with African people and persisted through slavery. As a foundation of creole economic systems throughout the Caribbean, ROSCAs are time-tested dimensions of traditional culture and a source of pride and identity. This analysis of the history and contemporary functions of ROSCAs in Barbados and the Bahamas is based on more than a thousand extensive and intensive first-person interviews and surveys. This article argues that ROSCAs continue, much as they did in the past, to provide critical human services, social stability, and a source of African-ancestor identity in these two nations. (Women’s power, rotating credit, Bahamas, Barbados).
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Zygmuntowicz, Catherine E. "The domain specificity of resilience in native adolescents from a remote community /." Thesis, McGill University, 2000. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=30798.
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The present study is based on Luthar's finding (1991) that resilient inner-city adolescents, those adolescents that displayed high behavioral competence despite high stress, experienced significant difficulties in domains of social-emotional adjustment. The characteristics of resilience were examined among 61 Native adolescents from a remote community. Stress was operationalized by scores on self-report measures of uncontrollable negative life events and demographic stressors. Definitions of social competence were based on school grades, peer ratings, and teacher ratings. In addition, social-emotional adjustment was based on self-report measures of depression and anxiety. Contrary to previous findings, resilient adolescents did not display significant amounts of depression or anxiety. Furthermore, the findings indicate that resilient adolescents have lower levels of anxiety than adolescents from high stress backgrounds with lower levels of competence. The prevailing constructs of social competence and stress, and their appropriateness for the study of resilience in Native adolescents, are discussed.
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Ntontis, Evangelos. "Group processes in community responses to flooding : implications for resilience and wellbeing." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2018. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/79752/.
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Barker, James. "The influence of community on adjustment and resilience in childhood and fatherhood." Thesis, Bangor University, 2018. https://research.bangor.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/the-influence-of-community-on-adjustment-and-resilience-in-childhood-and-fatherhood(3757b407-f99c-428a-92e0-ee4a55254628).html.
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This thesis focuses on the influence of community on adjustment and resilience during childhood and fatherhood. A systematic literature review explored contextual sources of resilience outside of the family home for children and adolescents who have experienced adverse childhood experiences (ACEs). Thirty-four studies met the inclusion criteria and were narratively reviewed. Six protective factors were identified, including peer relationships, the school environment, relationships with adults, activity involvement, religiosity/spirituality and neighbourhood. Studies were critically reviewed in terms of their methodological quality, operationalisation of resilience and measurement of adverse childhood experiences. Areas for further research are outlined and recommendations made for the development of community-based interventions to support resilience in children and adolescents after ACEs. A qualitative empirical study used interpretative phenomenological analysis to explore the psychological adjustment to fatherhood in a socioeconomically deprived community in Wales. The study utilised semi-structured interviews with nine fathers. Four superordinate themes offer an insight into the complex processes that fatherhood entails in terms of the adjustment to the new role, finding a position within the family unit, fathers roles in co-creating their children's childhood and futures, and the sources of influences on the father from family and society. Limitations and recommendations for future research are discussed. Clinical recommendations are made for tailored support in order to meet fathers' needs. Finally, implications for theory and clinical practice arising from the systematic literature review and empirical study are discussed, along with personal reflections of the research process.
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Fox, Andrew. "Communities, institutions and flood risk : mobilising social capital to enhance community resilience." Thesis, University of Plymouth, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/3214.
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Over recent years, community resilience has been increasing in popularity as a topic for detailed study. During that time, academic researchers have been working to untangle the complex network of social relationships that define the concept. In parallel, some institutions have set the achievement of enhanced community resilience as a policy goal. This research has sought to assist in both areas: first, by contributing to the academic debate and second, to build a clearer understanding of how institutions can tailor policies to ensure success in their goal of enhancing community resilience. A case study approach was adopted for the research, centring on three communities in the Teign Estuary of South Devon (Newton Abbot, Teignmouth and Shaldon). All three communities were vulnerable to tidal flooding and links between the communities and institutions responsible for managing flood risk (FRM framework) were analysed. In the analysis, a specific form of social capital was studied: social capital derived from community-institution links (CISC). CISC was found to be effective in revealing links with the greatest potential to enhance the resilience of communities against flood risks. To assess resilience at the individual and community level, a maturity based model was used. The assessment found disparities between how resilience matures at the community level compared to the individual level. Specifically, resilience maturity in communities was revealed as a less linear process. As such, the case study communities were able to exhibit traits associated with low resilience maturity at the same time as exhibiting traits associated with high resilience maturity. This research concluded that the UK FRM policy framework was robust, aligning well with academic theory. However, the FRM system was revealed as being dominated by expert elites. These elites are mainly public sector based and were judged to be stifling the engagement of the private sector at the local level. To enhance their resilience, this study determined that communities need to investment in CISC, but that investment must not just be targeted at public sector FRM institutions alone, it also needs to target private sector FRM institutions.
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Meguieng, Sidze Sandrine. "Empowering Community Resilience to climate Change in Cameroon using Technology-enhanced Learning." Doctoral thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2017. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-214501.
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Located in Central Africa, Cameroon is considered the driving force of the sub-region due to its strategic location in the center of the African continent. During the last five years, the country has been under the constant threat of a large range of disasters like floods, droughts, landslides, epidemics, etc. In such a context, the government is implementing several strategies for Disaster Risk Reduction in the country. Under the lead of the Ministry of Territorial Administration and Decentralization, the Directorate of Civil Protection, coordinates Disaster Risk Reduction activities through a network of over 379 decentralized institutions and international partners (Ayanji, 2004). Despite a high level of deployment, these activities still prove to have a low level of efficiency on the field. Results from the literature review suggest that this may be due to strategies for public education and public awareness that do not mirror stakeholders’ needs, capacities, and background. There is a need to: (1) identify the failures of the pre-existing public education and public awareness strategy, (2) assess the educational needs and capacities of each category of actors, (3) select adequate instructional methods and tools and (4) ensure the effectiveness and sustainability of the newly proposed strategy. The aim of this work, which is a three-year PhD project funded by the AXA Research Fund, is therefore to propose a public education and public awareness model adapted to the Cameroonian context, using Technology Enhanced Learning to strengthen capacities and competencies of stakeholders involved in the problem of climate change. The study makes use of a mixed method approach. From the literature review, four categories of actors involved into the climate change education process in the country have first been identified namely (1) government, (2) educational institutions, (3) Non-Governmental Organizations and (4) communities. A sample population has been driven from each category using the Respondent Driven Sampling method. Then data were collected during a six-month field trip in Cameroon, using semi-structured interviews (McNamara, 1999), qualitative survey (Fowler, 2009), direct observation (Bernard, 2006) and focus group discussion (Krueger & Casey, 2009). Findings from data analyses, performed using Epi info software for quantitative data and MAXQDA software for qualitative data show that: the educational strategy is not clearly defined; there is a lack of adequate infrastructures; technologies available are not properly used: either they are not evenly accessible, or when accessible they do not match learners’ capacities and competencies. Finally, quality criteria for the evaluation of the existing educational strategy are not met, thus failing to ensure it sustainability. The conceptual solution proposed in this work makes use of the concept of learning communities, especially Community of Practice as proposed by Lave and Wenger (1991) to develop an information and knowledge sharing community system to establish best practices for improving community resilience to climate change impact. This Community of Practice will operate essentially offline with a selected domain, a well-defined and structured community, and a practice that makes use of identified technologies already available among communities and, most importantly, that mirrors the Cameroonian socio-cultural context. One unexpected factor that had to be taken into consideration while determining adequate technology tools, is the actors’ perception, or rather say actors’ (un)acceptance of “new technologies”, which render the design of the instructional model quite challengingKamerun ist ein Land in Zentralafrika. Aufgrund seiner strategischen Lage in der Mitte des afrikanischen Kontinents, gilt das Land als die treibende Kraft der Sub-Region. Während der letzten fünf Jahre wurde Kamerun Opfer von ständigen Bedrohungen einer Vielzahl von Katastrophen wie Überschwemmungen, Dürren, Erdrutsche, Epidemien, usw. In diesem Kontext hat die Regierung eine Reihe von Strategien zur Verringerung der Katastrophenrisiken imstande gebracht. Dies wurde unter der Leitung vom Ministerium der territorialen Verwaltung und Dezentralisierung und vom Amt für Katastrophenschutz durchgeführt. Weiterhin nahmen mehr als 379 dezentrale Institutionen und internationale Partner an diese bedeutende Aktion teil (Ayanji, 2004). Die bei diesem Großeinsatz getroffenen Maßnahmen haben aber bisher eine sehr geringe Effizienz auf dem Feld gebracht. Eine nähere Betrachtung im Zusammenspiel mit entsprechender Literatur lassen folgendes vermuten: die Strategien zur Sensibilisierung sind auf die Bedürfnisse, Kapazitäten und Hintergründe der Akteure nicht angepasst. Demnach sind folgende Tatsachen in Betracht zu ziehen: (1) Identifikation der Ausfälle der bevorstehenden Awareness-Strategie; (2) Bewertung den pädagogischen Bedürfnissen und Kapazitäten der einzelnen Kategorien von Akteuren; (3) Auswahl geeigneter Unterrichtsmethoden und Tools; (4) Gewährleisten der Wirksamkeit und Nachhaltigkeit der neu vorgeschlagenen Strategie. Diese Arbeit stammt aus einem dreijährigen Promotionsprojekt finanziert von der AXA Research Fund. Das Ziel der Arbeit ist der Vorschlag eines Awareness-Modells, das an dem kamerunischen Kontext angepasst ist, und das die Bildungstechnologie zur Stärkung der Kapazitäten und Kompetenzen der beteiligten Akteure des Klimawandels nutzt. Aus der Literatur sind vier Kategorien von Akteuren identifiziert worden: Die Regierung, Bildungseinrichtungen, nationale und internationale Organisationen, Gemeinschaften. Die Studie folgt einer Mixed-Method Forschung. Eine Stichprobe wurde aus jeder Kategorie von Akteuren mit Schneeballauswahl-Methode gezogen. Dann wurden Daten während einer 6-monatigen Studienreise in Kamerun gesammelt. Diese wurde in Begleitung mit semi-strukturierten Interview (McNamara, 1999), qualitativen Erhebung (Fowler, 2009), direkter Beobachtung (Bernard, 2006) und Gruppendiskussion (Krueger & Casey, 2009). Die Daten wurden analysiert mit Epi-info Software für quantitative Daten und MAXQDA Software für qualitative Daten. Die Ergebnisse zeigen Folgendes: - Die pädagogische Strategie ist nicht klar definiert - Mangel an angemessenen Infrastrukturen - Die verfügbaren Technologien sind nicht vorhanden und teilweise falsch eingesetzt. Sie sind entweder nicht gleichmäßig verwendet oder sie stimmen mit den Fähigkeiten der Lernenden nicht überein. - Qualitätskriterien für die Bewertung der bestehenden Ausbildungsstrategie sind nicht erfüllt Die vorgeschlagene konzeptionelle Lösung, die in dieser Arbeit verwendet wird, benutzt das Konzept der Learning Communities, insbesondere "Community of Practice" wie von Lave und Wenger (1991) beschrieben. Ziel ist es, ein Informations- und Wissensaustausch Community-System zur Förderung bewährter Verfahren im Sinne der Verbesserung der Gemeinschaft gegenüber Auswirkungen des Klimawandels zu schaffen. Diese Community of Practice wird offline mit einer ausgewählten Domäne, eine gut definierte und strukturierte Gemeinschaft, und eine gut gestaltete Praxis funktionieren. Ein unerwarteter Faktor, der bei der Bestimmung der angemessenen Technologie-Tools berücksichtigt werden müsste, ist die Wahrnehmung der Akteure oder besser gesagt die (Un-)Akzeptanz der "Neuen Technologien" durch die Akteure. Dies macht das Design des Instruktionsmodells zu einer richtigen Herausforderung
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Baral, Nabin. "Institutional Resilience of Community-based Conservation to the Maoist Insurgency in Nepal." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/29682.
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To explore the institutional resilience of community-based conservation, I undertook empirical research in the Annapurna Conservation Area (ACA), Nepal, a protected area managed by the Annapurna Conservation Area Project (ACAP) and local communities organized into 56 Conservation Area Management Committees (CAMCs). I conducted scripted interviews with 212 members of 30 representative CAMCs, 13 ACAP staff members who closely monitor those CAMCs, and 868 local villagers who are the beneficiaries of the conservation programs. The field research was undertaken during the summer of 2007 and fall of 2008. Both quantitative and qualitative data were collected and analyzed. I estimated capital stocks and assessed the organizational resilience of each CAMC during and following the Maoist insurgency. I used confirmatory factor analysis to develop scales for measuring the two theoretical constructs of legitimacy and institutional resilience, the latter of which refers to the overall system of community-based conservation in the area. I used the adaptive cycle framework of growth, maturation, collapse and reorganization to assess changes in structures and processes and to explore the past, present and possible future trends in ACA.
Villagers largely considered the CAMCs as legitimate institutions, and their executive members as trustworthy. CAMC members understood the organizational mission and were confident about assuming greater management responsibility of the area in the near future. Human and social capital stocks were positively related to the resilience of the CAMCs. Particularly, themes of intra-committee trust, help networks, and the duration of membersâ tenure on the committees were important. Furthermore, natural capital stocks showed a parabolic relationship with organizational resilience; the most resilient CAMCs had moderate amounts of natural capital under their jurisdictions.
The scales used to measure legitimacy and institutional resilience were reliable, and showed a significant positive correlation with each other. Five variables significantly predicted the villagersâ perceptions of legitimacy: performance assessments of CAMCs, social norms as measured by perceptions of peersâ attitudes towards CAMCs, empowerment as measured by villagersâ perceptions of their influence in the CAMCsâ decision making processes, perceived benefits and costs associated with having the CAMC in a village, and reported levels of personal participation in CAMCsâ activities.
The conservation institution appeared to have been resilient to the insurgency, as the system maintained its identity throughout, avoided alternative undesirable states, and entered into the reorganization phase following collapse. All forms of capital and institutional performance decreased to some extent during collapse but institutional memory, available capital and some structural changes facilitated reorganization. The institutional system is reorganizing along the original regime, but it has also developed an alternative pathway of a new governance model for the area that will transform the present regime in the near term.Ph. D.
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Förch, Wiebke. "Community Resilience in Drylands and Implications for Local Development in Tigray, Ethiopia." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/265354.
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Progress in human development is threatened by the complexities of global environmental change - a defining challenge of our time. Appropriate societal responses are needed to address disturbances and increasing vulnerability of social-ecological systems. This changing context calls current development thinking into question and requires new approaches, policies, and tools to cope with growing uncertainty. With a focus on capacities instead of vulnerabilities, an approach is needed emphasizing the role of communities in planning interventions and strengthening community resilience. This research draws on vulnerability, social-ecological systems and drylands development theory to advance an integrated understanding of resilience at community level and its role towards sustainable development. To develop a general approach for development actors to characterize a community's resilience and plan locally targeted interventions is the overall objective of this research. A participatory approach towards defining and assessing community resilience forms the basis, as it is assumed this would enable development actors to more efficiently address development concerns and empower communities to strengthen their resilience. Underlying factors that determine community resilience in selected dryland communities in Tigray, northeastern Ethiopia are identified. Here, most of the population depends on subsistence agriculture, while food insecurity and poverty persist despite concerted regional development efforts. This research compares and consolidates local perceptions of determinants of community resilience that form the basis for guidelines towards a methodological framework for determining levels of community resilience in Tigray. The guidelines were used to compare levels of community resilience of communities, with implications for operationalizing community resilience in the context of drylands development practice. Findings reflect the importance of recognizing that resilience is not about maintaining a status quo, but about addressing how societies can develop in a changing environment. Prominence of resilience thinking can promote a development practice better suited to address the challenges and opportunities that changes create for poor dryland communities. Resilience thinking does not provide quick solutions, but contributes a long-term, multi-dimensional perspective of building capacities for improved responses to current needs and future change. Resilience is not a solution in itself but can contribute towards developing more resilient trajectories for drylands development.
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Pooley, Julie A. "Indicators of community resilience : a study of communities facing impending natural disasters." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2004. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/795.
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Disasters are defined as a 'crisis event in which the demands being placed on a human system, by the event, exceed the systems capacity to respond' (Bolin, 1989, p. 62). In the literature the negative consequences of disasters are focused at the individual level and fail to take into account the context In which Individuals live and where the disaster occurred. Few studies utilize residents within a disaster community to define the factors that are relevant to their disaster experience especially in Australian settings. This present studies view of disasters places the individual within an ecological system to understand their disaster experience and the disaster experience of the community. In viewing the disaster xperience the present study seeks to Identify the stress and growth outcomes as a more holistic account of the disaster experience. The present study utilizes residents from a Western Australian disaster community to identify the salient factors related to the disaster experience. The research questions addressed by the current study are (1) What factors are Important in understanding the experience of community members living with the threat of natural seasonal disasters in Western Australia? (2) What is the relationship between the community, individual and disaster experience variables in different communities in Western Australia? (3) What is the best predictor of posttraumatic stress? (4) What is the best predictor of posttraumatic growth? (5) What variables differentiate high and low stress groups? (6) What variables differentiate high and low growth groups? (7) What are the community and individual factors that mediate the disaster experience in communities in Western Australia? Specifically a) which individual variables impact the posttraumatic stress and posttraumatic growth associated with disasters.
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Austin, Kate. "The Queensland community’s propensity to invest in the resilience of their community and the electrical distribution network." Thesis, Austin, Kate (2019) The Queensland community’s propensity to invest in the resilience of their community and the electrical distribution network. Masters by Coursework thesis, Murdoch University, 2019. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/50292/.
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Electricity supply is vital for community response and recovery in the aftermath of a disaster. Everything from disaster response coordination, communication, public lighting and safety, as well as the provision of health services, basic household operations and the economic recovery of the community, relies on electricity to function. This dependency, coupled with the vulnerability of our electricity networks, highlights the need to establish resilient distribution networks.
The notion that small-scale solar PV (SSPV) and battery energy storage systems (BESS) might contribute to network resilience, has become a popular avenue of investigation, with the growing uptake of these technologies. Beyond the technical challenges of establishing a smart grid network and reaching the required uptake of the technology to have sufficient storage capacity, a third factor relating to householders’ willingness to share stored energy with their community, remains largely unexplored.
In a marked departure from the existing literature, this thesis investigates the use of SSPV and BESS for distribution network resilience and the community’s attitudes towards sharing energy resources. The research focusses, not on the technical and regulatory aspects of network resilience which are favoured by researchers’, but the behavioural component founded in social sciences. A model for network resilience utilising SSPV and BESS is presented, which argues that a key component of resilience in the aftermath of a disaster event, hinges on the community’s commitment to conservation of energy resources and their willingness to share their stored reserves for the common good.
This research investigates the community’s perspectives on this resilience approach, by exploring attitudinal and behavioural aspects associated with helping the community, to determine the viability of pursuing SSPV and BESS as a practical network resilience option.
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Krismer, Marianne Zwick. "Attibutes and support systems that promote resilience and achievement for "At Promise" community college students." Cincinnati, Ohio : University of Cincinnati, 2005. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?acc%5Fnum=ucin1115994536.
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Thesis (Dr. of Education)--University of Cincinnati, 2005.Title from electronic thesis title page (viewed Apr. 14, 2006). Includes abstract. Keywords: at-promise students, ; at-promise community college students; at-risk community college students, ; resilience and community college students, ; achievement and community college students. Includes bibliographical references.
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Yuan, Chen. "RESILIENT DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS WITH COMMUNITY MICROGRIDS." The Ohio State University, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1480478081556766.
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Saja, Abdul Majeed Aslam. "Surrogate approach to assess social resilience in disaster management." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2020. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/198048/1/Abdul%20Majeed%20Aslam_Saja_Thesis.pdf.
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This thesis presents an innovative approach to assess social resilience in disaster management using surrogate approach. Surrogates are explored by identifying key facets of target indicators, when target indicators are complex and/or not feasible to measure directly. The existing social resilience measurements are not always practical or effective due to conceptual and methodical constraints. This thesis devised and tested an integrated surrogate development framework to conceptualize, identify, and evaluate surrogates for assessing social resilience. The findings will guide policy makers and practitioners, particularly at the local and sub-national levels, to overcome the existing challenges in resilience assessment in disaster management.
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Costello, Diane Ingrid. "A substantive examination of rural community resilience and transition - A social justice perspective of a civil society." Thesis, Curtin University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/2360.
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It is well established that rural regional Australians have borne the brunt of globalization in terms of the adverse impacts caused by social and economic restructuring resulting from global, national and local forces. In response governments and communities have embraced sustainability and civil society for promoting local community action and responsibility for social, economic and environmental issues. This research focuses on community narratives about the social change processes as they engage the forces of neo-liberal policies. Applying a qualitative, grounded theoretical approach to data collection and analysis this study also adopts a multi-perspective, multi-disciplinary framework to gain more holistic, contextual understandings of community functioning and change. In echoing the principles of community psychology, the foundational, multidisciplinary concepts of sense of community, social capital, civil society, empowerment and conscientization have informed understandings of this communitys process and outcome towards transformational change. This study offers a critical reflection of transformational change in an effort to promote more peaceful, collaborate relationships between dominant and oppressed groups in expanding our understandings and solutions for community change. Identified by Newbrough (1992, 1995) as the Third Force Position, the ideals of political community are visibly expressed as they attempt to pursue transformational change towards a just and sustainable future for the community. However, while civil society has made a positive contribution, also apparent are the processes and outcomes which affect those most vulnerable. Those most powerless continue to suffer from exclusion, marginalization and as a result are denied access to vital resources to meet their needs.
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Shen, Xuesi. "Development of a hybrid simulation model for understanding community resilience to fuel disruption." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/63418.
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Coastal and island communities in British Columbia are dependent on a multi-modal transportation network to support their basic needs, such as transportation of critical supplies. The network involves both land and marine transportation modes, various stakeholders and facilities. A broad range of potential disruptions, including natural disasters and human-induced events, threatens this system. Among all the critical supplies, fuel is of special importance. Fuel is required by not only the general consumers but also the emergency responses vehicles and facilities. The remote and semi-remote communities, which are at the end of the supply chain, will experience shortages of critical supplies if the regular transportation service is disrupted beyond the level that can be met using the local inventory. There is a critical need to understand fuel resilience and plan for potential fuel disruptions from the demand-side perspective.
In this thesis, a hybrid model for simulating the community fuel supply, demand and inventory is presented. The development of the model is preceded by a detailed study of consumer behaviors and community fuel inventory strategies. In the model, a hypothesized hoarding mechanism to describe and predict consumer behaviors is established. Four disruption scenarios are created. Several strategies that may enhance the community resilience are proposed. The hybrid model is applied to the case study area, Powell River. It contributes to evaluate current fuel system resilience and examine the effectiveness of the proposed strategies. The simulation results demonstrate the importance of restraining possible consumer hoarding behaviors and conducting efficient inventory management. The concerns and recommendations from this thesis may lay the foundation for further exploration fuel resilience from the demand side.Science, Faculty of
Resources, Environment and Sustainability (IRES), Institute for
Graduate
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Appelt, Ilse. "Narratives of hope : trauma and resilience in a low-income South African community." Thesis, Link to the online version, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10019/956.
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Weakley, Donna. "Adults' experiences and perceptions of resilience : overcoming adversity in a high-risk community /." Thesis, Link to the online version, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10019/1303.
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Pinette, Jennifer Marie. "Fostering social capital and building community resilience using a neighbour-to-neighbour approach." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/43106.
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The international hazard management field has identified capacity building and locally-based initiatives across the Hazard Management Cycle (HMC) as central to community resilience against disasters. The extent to which the various forms of capital have been explored in this regard has been unevenly distributed in the literature.
This research fills key gaps in knowledge regarding social capital. More specifically it: (1) addresses the relative lack of literature on the role of social capital in building community resilience; (2) explores how social capital can be fostered across all stages of the HMC; and (3) identifies what a community-based approach to building social capital might look like and what constraints to implementation of such an approach may exist.
Through a review of literature, objectives and criteria are developed for each phase of the HMC and the advantages of a neighbour-to-neighbour (N2N) hazard management approach that fosters social capital are compared to traditional approaches. The specific activities, structure, and dynamics of the N2N approach are then explored. Through semi-structured interviews the adaptability of the N2N approach is assessed in terms of the Costa Rican context.
The research finds that the N2N approach could address many of the current challenges in the hazard management field. Costa Rica, where the hazard management system is currently in flux, provides many opportunities for implementation of the N2N approach. The approach could bring many benefits and address problem areas in the current system.
The research reveals that the N2N approach may be capable of fostering social capital across the HMC and addressing current gaps in the hazard management field. Implementation, in the appropriate context, appears feasible and desirable as a result of the many potential benefits it provides.
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Plascencia, Moises Munoz. ""Praying without knowing"| Cultivating food, community, memories, and resilience in Santa Ana, California." Thesis, California State University, Long Beach, 2013. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1522592.
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This project explores the phenomenon of urban agriculture and the benefits of access to horticultural space in a low income community in the city of Santa Ana, California. Based conducted over a one year period, the author utilized participant-observation, conducted 20 personal interviews, coded 120 pages of field notes, analyzed original data on plant species, used demographic data, and food distribution data at the garden. Conclusions drawn from the research include that community gardens can be utilized as spaces which promote social cohesion, a place of food distribution, a place to grow medicinal plants, and a place to grow culturally important plants. This work contributes to the literature on urban gardens by developing an original concept called cultural plant memory—a theory that treats plants as public symbols, which can enact personal and shared cultural values, memories, and customs. This thesis demonstrates the potential of these spaces and aids in the promotion of horticultural space in urban areas.
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Curran, Jeffrey. "BUILDING RESILIENCE AND COMMUNITY CAPACITY: THE SACHIGO LAKE WILDERNESS EMERGENCY RESPONSE EDUCATION INITIATIVE." Thesis, Laurentian University of Sudbury, 2014. https://zone.biblio.laurentian.ca/dspace/handle/10219/2210.
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The Sachigo Lake Wilderness Emergency Response Education Initiative represented a
partnership between Sachigo Lake First Nation in northern Ontario Canada, and medical
professionals and university researchers from outside the community. This study was one
component of a larger community-based participatory research program to develop locally
relevant first response training to address the isolation from emergency healthcare in Sachigo
Lake. The aim of this qualitative study was to complete a formative evaluation to understand
how a five-day comprehensive training course implemented in May 2012: (a) met the local needs
of Sachigo Lake; and (b) fostered resilience and community capacity. The results of this study
describe the unique features of delivering first aid training in a remote context and illustrate the
intrapersonal and interpersonal impacts of the program. Health promotion through community based
first aid education is a model with potential to improve emergency care in the absence of
formal emergency medical services.
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Murphy, Kathleen. "Critical Consciousness, Community Resistance & Resilience| Narratives of Irish Republican Women Political Prisoners." Thesis, The Chicago School of Professional Psychology, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3683725.
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Colonial legacies affect neocolonial experiences of conflict in the 20th and 21st centuries. A critical and comprehensive appreciation of the global "war on terror" reveals terrorism "from above'" (state-sponsored terrorism) as a growing issue in the international community. Further, women's varied experiences within communities of resistance are often undermined, ignored, or maligned within formal research on conflict and peace. Liberation psychologists are called to align with oppressed, marginalized, and suffering communities. To this end, this work explores the experience of women political prisoners of the Irish conflict for independence from Great Britain. A qualitative critical psychosocial analysis was used to understand the phenomenology of women's political imprisonment through the firsthand narratives of Republican women imprisoned during the "Troubles" of Northern Ireland. The intention of this study was to 1) provide an analysis of power and its connection to social conditions, 2) to provide a psychological analysis of how oppression may breed resistance in communities struggling for liberation, and 3) to explore the gendered experience of Irish women political prisoners. The results indicated that political imprisonment may be understood as a microcosm of oppression and liberation, and the subjective experience of political prisoners may glean insights into how communities develop critical consciousness, organize politically, resist oppression, and meaningfully participate in recognizing their human rights. Additionally, this research challenged the exclusion of women's voices as members of resistance movements and active agents in both conflict and peace building and challenged the failure to investigate state-sponsored terrorism, or terrorism from above.
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Dunn, Sarah. "An investigation to improve community resilience using network graph analysis of infrastructure systems." Thesis, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10443/2421.
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Disasters can have devastating effects on our communities and can cause great suffering to the people who reside within them. Critical infrastructure underpins the stable functioning of these communities and the severity of disasters is often linked to failure of these systems. Traditionally, the resilience of infrastructure systems is assessed by subjecting physically based models to a range of hazard scenarios. The problem with this approach is that it can only inform us of inadequacies in the system for the chosen scenarios, potentially leaving us vulnerable to unforeseen events. This thesis investigates whether network graph theory can be used to give us increased confidence that the system will respond well in untested scenarios by developing a framework that can identify generic system characteristics and hence describe the underlying resilience of the network. The novelty in the work presented in this thesis is that it overcomes a shortcoming in existing network graph theory by including the effects of the spatial distribution of geographically dispersed systems. To consider spatial influence, a new network generation algorithm was developed which incorporated rules that connects system components based on both their spatial distribution and topology. This algorithm was used to generate proxy networks for the European, US and China air traffic networks and demonstrated that the inclusion of this spatial component was crucial to form the highly connected hub airports observed in these networks. The networks were then tested for hazard tolerance and in the case of the European air traffic network validated using data from the 2010 Eyjafjallajökull eruption. Hazard tolerance was assessed by subjecting the networks to a series of random, but spatially coherent, hazards and showed that the European air traffic network was the most vulnerable, having up to 25% more connections disrupted compared to a benchmark random network. This contradicts traditional network theory which states that these networks are resilient to random hazards. To overcome this shortcoming, two strategies were employed to improve the resilience of the network. One strategy ‘adaptively’ modified the topology (crises management) while the other ‘permanently’ modified it (hazard mitigation). When these modified networks were subjected to spatial hazards the ‘adaptive’ approach Page i produced the most resilient network, having up to 23% fewer cancelled air routes compared to the original network, for only a 5% change in airport capacity. Finally, as many infrastructure networks are flow based systems, an investigation into whether graph theory could identify vulnerabilities in these systems was conducted. The results demonstrated that by using a combination of both physically based and graph theory metrics produced the best predictive skill in identifying vulnerable nodes in the system. This research has many important implications for the owners and operators of infrastructure systems. It has demonstrated the European air traffic network to be vulnerable to spatial hazard and shown that, because many infrastructure networks possess similar properties, may therefore be equally vulnerable. It also provides a method to identify generic system vulnerabilities and strategies to reduce these. It is argued that as this research has considered generic networks it can not only increase infrastructure resilience to known threats but also to previously unidentified ones and therefore is a useful method to help protect these systems to large scale disasters and reduce the suffering for the people in the communities who rely upon them.