Relevant bibliographies by topics / Community propery

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Academic literature on the topic 'Community propery'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 29 July 2024

Last updated: 30 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Community propery"

Van Maele, Lilly Tade, Rebecca Seidl, and Kelly Shapiro. "“Comparing Pennsylvania and Texas Law on Ownership and Marital Rights: Common Law v. Community Property - Impact on Oil and Gas Leasing”." Texas Wesleyan Law Review 18, no. 1 (October 2011): 113–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.37419/twlr.v18.i1.6.

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As Texas exploration and production companies transition into Pennsylvania, industry professionals must recognize the differing legal landscape of Pennsylvania common law. It is within this context that this article highlights the major distinctions between the marital property systems employed by Pennsylvania and Texas. Failure to understand these legal variances could result in numerous title problems relating to spousal ownership. Properly classifying the nature of the subject property is paramount because property ownership ultimately determines both the proper lessor of an oil, gas, and mineral lease and the manner in which royalties are paid. The two states' similarities and differences are outlined in the following three sub-topics: marital property systems, spousal protections, and intestate succession. Each sub-topic begins with a discussion and analysis of Texas law, followed by a discussion and analysis of Pennsylvania law, and concludes with practical considerations.

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Saer, Juan José, and Daniel Balderston. "Community Property." Iowa Review 31, no. 1 (July 2001): 117–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.17077/0021-065x.6608.

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KIM, Gee Hwan. "Community Property and Judicial Seperation of Property." Inha Law Review : The Institute of Legal Studies Inha University 24, no. 1 (March 31, 2021): 341–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.22789/ihlr.2021.03.24.1.11.

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Byrne, Edmund F. "Building community into property." Journal of Business Ethics 7, no. 3 (March 1988): 171–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00381865.

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Tauho, Kristiani Desimina, Firda Chamelia Panna, Olga Claudia Dos Santos, Presty Adventri, Windika Novtavia Manggopa, Fanisa Carolin, Ren Sisca Novia, et al. "COVID-19 Prevention through Properly Washing Hand." Magistrorum et Scholarium: Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat 1, no. 3 (August 7, 2021): 369–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.24246/jms.v1i32021p369-378.

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Washing hands is one way to prevent the transmission of Covid-19 which can be used from childhood. Therefore, this community service is carried out to improve children's knowledge, attitudes and skills regarding proper hand washing. This community service was carried out in the form of health education with discussion and simulation methods to the children of the Anugerah Orphanage, Salatiga City on March 10, 2021. The evaluation was carried out by looking at changes of cognitive, affective and psychomotor aspects. We found that in the cognitive aspect, the participants were able to understand and apply washing hands properly, on the affective aspect, the participants valuing the importance of washing hands properly and on the psychomotor aspect, the participants were able to imitate correct hand washing. It is recommended that caregivers continue to observe children in applying proper hand washing to achieve a psychomotor naturalization level and experiencing level of attitude.

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Yulanda, Lani Regina. "Inheritance of Community Property in Melayu Siak Community." International Journal of Multicultural and Multireligious Understanding 6, no. 3 (June 18, 2019): 234. http://dx.doi.org/10.18415/ijmmu.v6i3.818.

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The existence of legal events in the form of death results in inheritance regulated by certain inheritance laws. In Indonesia, there is still inheritance legal pluralism, including civil inheritance law, Islamic inheritance law and customary inheritance law. In Melayu Siak community, where Islamic law and customary law are their living laws, there are differences in those two laws regarding the inheritance which then raises the question of which law will apply. This study utilizes a qualitative descriptive method with an empirical juridical legal research approach. Research data are collected through field studies by conducting interviews with the respondents to obtain primary data and literature studies to obtain secondary data. The focus of this research is to find out and analyze inheritance over the community property in Melayu Siak community. The results of the study show that 1) there is a relationship between the kinship system and the existence of the community property. 2) the inheritance in Melayu Siak community is based on the Islamic inheritance law and its implementation is carried out based on the results of the deliberation.

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SA, Wemedo. "Impact Assessment of Gas Flaring on Soil Bacterial Community Structure and Physicochemical Property in Nigeria." Open Access Journal of Microbiology & Biotechnology 5, no. 2 (2020): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.23880/oajmb-16000165.

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Gas flaring is the wasteful emission of hydrocarbon gases into the atmosphere; it is routinely used to dispose flammable gas that either is assumed unusable or uneconomical to recover. The burning of the wasteful gas has been shown to have significant environmental consequences. Therefore, this study was designed to determine the impact of gas flaring on soil bacterial spectrum and its physicochemical property. Soil microbiological quality was investigated using culture techniques while physicochemical property of the soil was analyzed using standard analytical procedures. Results obtained showed that pH and Av. phosphorus decreased from 5.80 and 8.86mg/kg in control soil to 5.40 and 6.50mg/kg in flared soil respectively. Electrical conductivity and total organic carbon increased from 100μS/cm and 0.20% in control soil to 160μS/cm and 0.63% in flared soil respectively. Total nitrogen slightly increased from 0.01% in control soil to 0.02% in flared soil. Soil textural class was sandy-clay-loam for both control and flared soils. Mean counts of bacteria increased from 4x10 3 cfu/g in SD50m to 2.0x10 4 cfu/g in SD100m, 3.1x10 4 cfu/g in SD200m, 4.5x10 4 in SD300m to 4.8x10 5 cfu/g in control soil. All the bacterial species were isolated from control and SD300m soils except Acinetobacter and Microbacteriun species which did not occur in SD300m soil. Six (6) organisms: Bacillus, Corynebacterium , Pseudomonas , Paenibacillus, Pusillimonas and Salinicoccus species were isolated from SD50m soil. The number of bacterial genera isolated increased to eleven (11) in SD100m soil with Cronobacter , Enterobacter , Escherichia coli , Kluyvera , and Microbacterium species added to those of SD50m soil. Fifteen (15) organisms occurred in SD200m soil as Acinetobacter , Arthrobacter , Brevibacterium , Klebsiella , Rathayibacter and Staphylococcus species were added. This study revealed that gas flaring decreased bacterial population in soil in close proximity to the flare point; the effect being reduced as the sampling distance from the flare point increased. Some physicochemical parameters decreased in flared soils and others increased when compared with control soils. Gas flaring selectively inhibited soil bacteria with more species occurring in soils farther away from the flare and soil closest to the flare point having less numbers of bacteria. In conclusion, gas flaring had negative impact on soil bacteria and varied effect on physicochemical properties of the soil; in this way soil fertility could have been hampered. Oil and gas companies as well as government agency need to adopt measures that would curb unnecessary gas flaring in Nigeria by putting the flared gas into economic use.

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Santillán Santa Cruz, Romina. "De vuelta a lo esencial: el problema de la naturaleza jurídica de la sociedad de gananciales." Vox Juris 39, no. 1 (November 30, 2020): 125–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.24265/voxjuris.2021.v39n1.08.

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S.D., Bala, and Ja’afar A.A.Z. "Tax Rate Chargeable on Landed Properties in Tafa Local Government Area of Niger State, Nigeria." African Journal of Law, Political Research and Administration 5, no. 1 (May 19, 2022): 37–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.52589/ajlpra-y61ukkdt.

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This study evaluates tax rate chargeable on landed properties in Tafa Local Government Area of Niger State, Nigeria, with a view to providing relevant information on the potentials of the tax as a source of local revenue generation which can be used for the provision of services and amenities. Data for this study was sourced from the records of landed properties assessed for taxation, tax rate chargeable and record of property tax collections available in the local government official records. Tables were used in analyzing and presenting the result for the study. The result of the study shows that tax rate chargeable on landed properties range from as low as N2, 000 to N120, 000. The result also indicates that there were different types of landed property tax collected in Tafa Local Government Area, such as title registration fee, tenement rate, survey fee, approval of building plan, ground rent, and change of land use. The study also shows that there are different types of landed properties on which tax is collected in Tafa Local Government Area. They include residential, commercial, industrial, agricultural, recreational and educational properties. There has been increased tax collection on landed properties in the study area from 2013–2016 due to more compliance and development of landed properties within the period. It is recommended that the local government administration should embark on a land ownership registration programme and automation of databases on landed property, establishment of an awareness forum by the local government where taxpayers would be sensitized and enlightened on the importance of land tax, and ensure proper valuation of landed properties for taxation.

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Crannage, Andrew J., and Julie A. Murphy. "Evaluation of the Implementation of an Anticoagulation Management Protocol at a Community Hospital." Journal of Pharmacy Practice 24, no. 4 (June 6, 2011): 404–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0897190011406124.

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Purpose: The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of implementation of an anticoagulation protocol involving dosing and monitoring of unfractionated heparin (UFH) and low-molecular-weight heparin, specifically enoxaparin, for the treatment of deep vein thrombosis (DVT), pulmonary embolism (PE), and/or acute coronary syndromes (ACS). Methods: Patients with a primary diagnosis of DVT, PE, and/or ACS treated with UFH and/or enoxaparin were included. Data were collected on patients admitted to a community hospital during February 2008 (preimplementation) and February 2009 (postimplementation). Results: Forty-six patients were included in the preimplementation group and 25 patients in the postimplementation group. Forty-six percent of patients were dosed properly in the preimplementation group (UFH 38% and enoxaparin 50%) compared to 76% in the postimplementation group (UFH 56% and enoxaparin 88%; P = .023). Fifty-four percent of patients were monitored properly in the preimplementation group (UFH 31% and enoxaparin 67%) compared to 68% in the postimplementation group (UFH 56% and enoxaparin 75%; P = .318). Conclusion: Standardized dosing with a multidisciplinary-managed anticoagulation protocol significantly increased proper dosing of anticoagulation therapy; however, the protocol did not significantly improve proper monitoring. A lack of understanding of the need for baseline laboratory data contributes to improper monitoring. An approach which includes significant educational strategies is necessary to optimize patient care.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Community propery"

Adhikari, Bhim. "Property rights and natural resources : socio-economic heterogeneity and common property resource management." Thesis, University of York, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.288589.

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Chun, Yuk-ting Fanny. "Community politics and property management in Hong Kong /." View the Table of Contents & Abstract, 2007. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B3802763X.

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Chun, Yuk-ting Fanny, and 秦玉婷. "Community politics and property management in Hong Kong." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2006. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B45008826.

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Kalantzis-Cope, Phillip. "Whose property? Intellectual Property and the Challenge of Political Community in a Post-Industrial Age." Thesis, The New School, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3665764.

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Debates over the distinctive economic, political and social affordances of the post-industrial age converge in a constellation of intellectual property alternatives. This project maps four paradigmatic agendas for the production and ownership of immaterial property: Information Privatization, Immaterial Exceptionalism, Network Distribution and Ecological De-colonization. I define these paradigms through a tripartite rubric: their ontological foundations, their normative presuppositions and their institutional topologies. Grounded in these four alternatives for the production and ownership of immaterial property, I turn my investigation to the challenge of political community in a post-industrial age. Each paradigm poses a distinct challenge to traditional understandings of political community, as a theoretical proposition and empirical reality. The question of 'Whose Property?' emerges within the normative framework of Critical International Relations Theory. Within this tradition the challenge of political community is to address how political communities institutionalize and express modes of capitalist development. I pose the question of 'Whose Property?' for the purposes both of diagnosis and prognosis. My diagnosis speaks to the challenge of political community in an age of increasing global interdependency, shaped by the logics of post-industrial capitalism. The prognosis, I want to suggest, is that if we conceive political communities as a mode of collective political action, then the varied agendas for intellectual property may provide a powerful motivational argument underpinning emerging modes of political action. They may also offer institutional alternatives that can provide inroads to support the institutional realization of the emancipatory agenda of Critical International Relations Theory. By way of conclusion, this project leaves us with an overarching challenge. In looking at these approaches to intellectual property through the lens of political community, a key transformation manifests itself – the erosion of the Westphalian 'public' and rising demands for pluralized, distributed and globalized Post-Westphalian 'publics'.

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Dangi, Resham B. "The Efficiency of Community Forests: Successful and Unsuccessful Examples From Nepal." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/31751.

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This study suggests that transfer of State forests to the local communities is the least cost policy option to improve prevailing deforestation problem in Nepal. However, there are few problems at operational, institutional, and policy levels, which are restricting community forest (CF) transformation. The critical review of seven representative case studies and modern forest policy of Nepal identifies following important issues in CF transformation in Nepal. They are low marginal flexibility, incomplete and uncertain property rights transfer, equity problem, specific demand adjustment problem, and inconsistent forest policy. This work recommends for amendment of modern CF policy guidelines to reduce CF transformation costs, increase present value of future returns, and reduce present value of enforcement costs. These amendments will be effective to improve prevailing CF work situation in Nepal. Availability
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Price, Darren Anthony. "Community involvement in the design of social housing." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2003. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/14747/.

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The literature shows that there is much value placed in community involvement in the design of new social housing schemes, but little in the way of conclusive proof that it is effective. It was decided to establish the built effect of this involvement - did it make a difference to the houses? The research incorporates both qualitative and quantitative elements. A questionnaire survey of all developing housing associations was used to establish the current situation and four case study developments were selected and investigated in detail. The case studies were similarly sized housing developments located in London, Birmingham, Sheffield and Sunderland The survey shows that housing associations are involving tenants in a variety of ways. The predominant picture is one of participation in the latter stages of the design process, in the selection of the fixtures and fittings. There is also significant use of post occupancy surveys with results feeding into the housing associations' design briefs. There are no significant regional differences in approach but the size of association does appear to affect the community involvement techniques adopted, as does the procurement of the development site. Larger landlords use more involvement techniques and do so earlier in the process. The four case study developments show similarities in the pattern of the community involvement. Two types of involvement were isolated, and these are termed generic and specific. The former being where representative tenants are used to develop design briefs that are used in the development of all schemes, and the latter where the community is involved in the design of its own built environment. Overall the effect of involvement on the houses produced is small, with other factors in the development process being more significant; yet the processes isolated are associated with some built changes and these are unlikely to have been made independently of tenants' views.

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Joyner, David Lee. "FINANCIAL IMPACTS OF MILITARY BASE CLOSURES ON LOCAL COMMUNITY PROPERTY VALUES." NSUWorks, 2012. http://nsuworks.nova.edu/hsbe_etd/51.

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The dissertation explores the financial ramifications of US military base closure on local community real estate property values. The dissertation examines an area that has not received sufficient research. Previous works on military base closure by Bradshaw, Kroll, Corley, Kirshenbaum and Harlan (1995); Dardia, McCarty, Malkin, and Vernez, (1996); Hooker and Knetter (2001) and Krizan (1998) examine more generalized economic factors such as employment and macroeconomic activity. More recent published dissertation work by authors Hall (1998) and Poppert (2002) have provided interesting explanatory hypotheses to assist municipal and state leaders in crafting working plans to assist communities where base closure occurs. This dissertation intends to look into the effects on real estate property values in the wake of military base closures. The dissertation expands the study of base closure effects into a relatively new area on the fluctuation of real estate property values. An enhanced understanding of how military base closures affect real estate values will have implications for real estate investors, developers, city and county government planners, and budget directors from local school districts to state government.

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Moorhead, Richard McCrae. "Structural chaos : community and state management of common property in Mali." Thesis, University of Sussex, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.306725.

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Anzick, Michael A. "Community structure and criminal victimization." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/43284.

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This research has attempted to better understand property crime victimization by studying the important role of community structures, while controlling for the following demographic variables: age, gender, race, and income. Three different types of analyses were used: (1) bivariate analysis; (2) multivariate analysis, and (3) path analysis. Bivariate analysis was used in order to gain a better understanding of the following zero-order relationships: (1) the relationship between the structural characteristics of communities and property crime victimization; (2) the relationship between the structural variables and the mediating variables--guardianship and neighborhood cohesion; (3) the relationship between guardianship and property crime, and (4) the relationship between neighborhood cohesion and property crime. Most of these relationships were found to be in the expected direction.

The multivariate analysis was conducted by running three separate regression models. Model 1 included only the structural variables of community size, racial heterogeneity, and residential mobility. In Model 2, demographic variables were added in order to see how this addition would impact the effects of the structural variables on property crime victimization. Model 3 included both the structural and the demographic variables, along with guardianship and neighborhood cohesion. This additional regression model was used in an attempt to discover the effects of guardianship and neighborhood cohesion on property crime victimization.

Path analysis was used in order to find out the direct and indirect effects of the structural and demographic variables on property crime victimization.

Many of the findings of this research were not consistent with past research. There appears to be other important factors which were not included. For example, guardianship and neighborhood cohesion did not mediate the effects of the structural and demographic variables. The thesis concludes with alternative explanations for these and other inconsistent findings.

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Gibson, Johanna. "Community resources : intellectual property, international trade and the protection of traditional knowledge." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/24613.

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The protection of traditional and Indigenous cultural production and resources is of critical concern not only to the groups involved but also to the international trading community for which these resources are of increasing economic importance. This thesis examines the basis for “community” approaches to autonomy and legal capacity, the conflict with intellectual property models, the current international discussions towards protection conducted by the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) Intergovernmental Committee on Intellectual Property and Genetic Resources, Traditional Knowledge and Folklore, and additional sources for protection at international law (including environmental instruments and human rights frameworks). The thesis asserts that the current emphasis on intellectual property law is an inadequate framework to address the fundamental object of protection for the communities themselves – the management of traditional use, as well as the biological and cultural sustainability of this use. In order to give effect to an international legal model, it is necessary to generalise “community”, but this process is countered by the practical emphasis upon the locally specific application of this model. This is achieved through an examination of the commonalities that allow such generalization which may in turn be adapted at the level of the local community. The thesis recommends sui generis protection and sets out a model international framework based on the principle of “community resources” that is developed throughout, recognising the unique claims embodied in traditional knowledge, incorporating customary law, and facilitating community management of resources.

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Books on the topic "Community propery"

Jacobs, Thomas A. Community property law. 3rd ed. [Eagan, MN]: Thomson/West, 2004.

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1948-, Alexander Gregory S., and Peñalver Eduardo Moisés 1973-, eds. Property and community. New York: Oxford University Press, 2009.

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1920-, Smith Charles Marshall, and West Group, eds. Community property law. 2nd ed. [St. Paul, Minn.]: West Group, 2000.

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Treacy, Gerald B. Community property: General considerations. [Washington, D.C.]: Tax Management Inc., 2005.

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Marshall, Smith Charles. Arizona community property law. [Rochester, N.Y.]: Lawyers Cooperative Pub., 1995.

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Blumberg, Grace Ganz. Community property in California. 2nd ed. Boston: Little, Brown, 1993.

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Bassett, William W. California community property handbook. 2nd ed. Carlsbad, Calif: Parker, 1990.

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T, Shields George, Cross Harry M, and Huston John 1927-, eds. Washington community property deskbook. 2nd ed. Seattle, WA: Continuing Legal Education, Washington State Bar Association, 1989.

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Bassett, William W. California community property handbook. Los Angeles, Calif: Parker & Son Publications, 1989.

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Bassett, William W. California community property law: A treatise on marital property rights. 3rd ed. San Francisco, CA: Bancroft-Whitney, 1994.

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Book chapters on the topic "Community propery"

Hart, Tina, Simon Clark, and Linda Fazzani. "Unregistered Community design right." In Intellectual Property Law, 251–59. London: Macmillan Education UK, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-137-06736-4_21.

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Stenson, Anthony J., and Tim S. Gray. "Community Intellectual Property Rights." In The Politics of Genetic Resource Control, 74–116. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780333982853_4.

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Hutchings, Pat. "Collaborative Inquiry and Pedagogical Scholarship." In Making Teaching Community Property, 73–82. New York: Routledge, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003445852-8.

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Hutchings, Pat. "A Focus on Student Learning." In Making Teaching Community Property, 37–47. New York: Routledge, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003445852-5.

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Hutchings, Pat. "Intercampus Collaboration and External Review of Teaching." In Making Teaching Community Property, 93–100. New York: Routledge, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003445852-10.

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Hutchings, Pat. "Portfolios: Putting the Pieces Together." In Making Teaching Community Property, 49–60. New York: Routledge, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003445852-6.

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Hutchings, Pat. "Mentoring: Teachers Teaching Other Teachers." In Making Teaching Community Property, 29–35. New York: Routledge, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003445852-4.

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Hutchings, Pat. "Team Teaching and Teaching Teams." In Making Teaching Community Property, 61–72. New York: Routledge, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003445852-7.

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Hutchings, Pat. "Reciprocal Visits and Observations: Opening the Classroom Door." In Making Teaching Community Property, 17–27. New York: Routledge, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003445852-3.

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Hutchings, Pat. "Introduction." In Making Teaching Community Property, 1–6. New York: Routledge, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003445852-1.

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Conference papers on the topic "Community propery"

Zheng Hui-fan and Yang Zhong-xuan. "Urban community property management research." In 2010 2nd International Conference on Information Science and Engineering (ICISE). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icise.2010.5690083.

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Shipman, Frank M., and Catherine C. Marshall. "Are user-contributed reviews community property?" In the 5th Annual ACM Web Science Conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2464464.2464473.

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Frankel, Bruce. "Planning Education before College Experimentation in Community Engagements & Youth Leadership." In 1st Annual International Conference on Urban Planning and Property Development (UPPD 2015). Global Science & Technology Forum (GSTF), 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.5176/2425-0112_uppd15.19.

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Gao, Ruohan, Pili Hu, and Wing Cheong Lau. "Graph Property Preservation under Community-Based Sampling." In GLOBECOM 2015 - 2015 IEEE Global Communications Conference. IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/glocom.2014.7417471.

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Liu, Chun. "Community Property Management System Based on J2EE." In 2022 IEEE Conference on Telecommunications, Optics and Computer Science (TOCS). IEEE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tocs56154.2022.10016189.

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Chen, Ping, and Dehao Chen. "Research on Property Management and Community Governance of Old Community in Guangzhou." In International Conference on Construction and Real Estate Management 2017. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784481073.032.

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Matić Miodragović, Nataša. "PROBLEMS RELATED TO TRAFIC SIGNALS IN THE SCHOOL ZONE, WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO THE 2024. SPEED LIMIT (SCHOOLS ON THE TERRITORY OF OBRENOVAC MUNICIPALITY)." In Conference Road Safety in Local Community. Road Safety in Local Community, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.46793/rsaflc24.281mm.

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Properly traffic signalization, both vertical and horizontal, as well as the speed limit in the school zone, are the basis for children's safety. Analysing existing signalization in the zone of schools on the territory of the Municipality of Obrenovac, numerous missions were found, which can be eliminated in order to increase the safety of children.

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Walker, David M., and Antoinette Tordesillas. "Examining overlapping community structures within grain property networks." In 2014 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iscas.2014.6865375.

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Massoulié, Laurent. "Community detection thresholds and the weak Ramanujan property." In STOC '14: Symposium on Theory of Computing. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2591796.2591857.

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Reports on the topic "Community propery"

Almeida, Fernanda. Legislative Pathways for Securing Community-based Property Rights. Rights and Resources Initiative, May 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.53892/xmhg7144.

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Governments are increasingly recognizing Indigenous Peoples’ and local communities’ rights to land and resources. Despite increased recognition, there are several shortcomings in the legal frameworks through which governments formally recognize community-based property rights. Building on consultations with legal experts on community rights, recent literature, and a review of over 200 national legal instruments, this paper proposes a framework of analysis to systematically classify and evaluate legal pathways to secure recognition of community-based property rights. The framework considers five key elements common to laws recognizing community-based rights, and helps determine how these rights can be exercised and implemented in practice as well as three common legislative entry points through which legal recognition can take place. Furthermore, to illustrate the variety of legal pathways (and potential advantages and limitations of each) that have been used by national legislators to recognize community tenure rights, the paper also applies this framework to the legal frameworks (or tenure “regimes”) included in the Rights and Resources Initiative’s legal tenure rights database. It concludes that although legal recognition in national systems has advanced in the past decades, it is far from ideal, even in the best cases.

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Rydberg, Mats. Cypher schema constraints proposal. Linked Data Benchmark Council, December 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.54285/ldbc.kkhm1756.

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This Cypher Improvement Proposal (CIP) and an accompanying presentation was drafted to summarize a design for property graph schema constraints discussed in the Cypher Language Group of Neo4j in 2016 and presented to the openCypher community in 2017

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Judd, Kathleen S., Steven L. Stein, and Ann M. Lesperance. Community Resilience: Workshops on Private Sector and Property Owner Requirements for Recovery and Restoration from a Diasaster. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/963243.

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Dawson, Stephanie. D11.6 REPO4EU Open Science Strategy. REPO4EU, April 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.58647/repo4eu.202300d11.6.

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To ensure the widest possible dissemination of the results to the research community, pharmaceutical industry, patients and to the broader public, the REPO4EU project, in line with goals of the European Commission, is committed to an Open Science approach. Because Open Science can be interpreted widely this document lays out the strategy of the project with regard to Open Access publishing, alternative metrics, Intellectual Property and FAIR data. The Open Science Strategy forms the theoretical framework for the REPO4EU Open Science publishing portal that will develop into an open hub of research results and communication for the entire drug repurposing community.

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Bragge, Peter, Veronica Delafosse, Ngo Cong-Lem, Diki Tsering, and Suzanne Nielson. Community impacts of residential alcohol and drug rehabilitation services. The Sax Institute, June 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.57022/jgsk1115.

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Residential rehabilitation for alcohol and other drug dependence aims to provide a structured environment for people to break addiction and reintegrate into society within a community rather than in outpatient or other settings. This Evidence Snapshot aimed to identify the community impacts of residential alcohol and drug rehabilitation services. Ten studies were reviewed, seven of which were from the US and two from Australia. A consistent theme across five studies examining community perceptions and impact was that initial concerns around the potential impacts of drug treatment facilities, including residential rehabilitation, were largely unfounded or did not materialise in the long term. Studies also reported a number of positive impacts on communities as reflected by participation in events at community rehabilitation centres, residents making contributions to communities through volunteering, and longer-term employment and associated economic impacts stemming from successful reintegration into the community following rehabilitation. Three studies examining impacts on property values reported mixed findings. One study reported negative impacts, however two studies demonstrated either no effect or higher sales in houses close to sober-living houses over time. A large study examining crime rates showed that drug treatment centres had similar crime rates to areas around liquor stores and lower rates than near corner and convenience stores. A US-based study of economic impacts reported positive impacts. The review findings raise a number of important considerations. Initial community concerns are not based on lived experience of residential rehabilitation in their area and appear to diminish once the centres are established. A number of gaps in the evidence - including a dearth of studies; lack of exploration of community knowledge; and potential under-measurement of complex outcomes such as community attitudes and sentiment – should be borne in mind when interpreting review findings.

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Penna, Clemente. The Saga of Teofila Slavery and Credit Circulation in 19th-Century Rio de Janeiro. Maria Sibylla Merian International Centre for Advanced Studies in the Humanities and Social Sciences Conviviality-Inequality in Latin America, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.46877/penna.2021.39.

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This paper follows the enslaved woman Teofila from captivity to freedom in 19th-century Rio de Janeiro. To become a free woman, Teofila had to navigate the complex private credit networks of the West African community of the Brazilian capital city. With limited banking activity, the cariocas relied on one another for their financial needs, making for a highly convivial credit market that reflected and reinforced the vast inequalities of Brazilian slave society. While following Teofila through the courts of Rio de Janeiro, this paper will demonstrate that one of the cornerstones of the city’s credit market was the presence of an intertwined relationship between credit and private property. The commerce in human beings like Teofila produced thousands of negotiable titles, with slavery working as a propeller for credit circulation and one of its pillars – slave property was the primary collateral for unpaid debts.

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Leis, Sherry. Vegetation community monitoring at Lincoln Boyhood National Memorial: 2011–2019. National Park Service, April 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/nrr-2284711.

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Lincoln Boyhood National Memorial celebrates the lives of the Lincoln family including the final resting place of Abraham’s mother, Nancy Hanks Lincoln. Lincoln’s childhood in Indiana was a formative time in the life our 16th president. When the Lincoln family arrived in Indiana, the property was covered in the oak-hickory forest type. They cleared land to create their homestead and farm. Later, designers of the memorial felt that it was important to restore woodlands to the site. The woodlands would help visitors visualize the challenges the Lincoln family faced in establishing and maintaining their homestead. Some stands of woodland may have remained, but significant restoration efforts included extensive tree planting. The Heartland Inventory and Monitoring Network began monitoring the woodland in 2011 with repeat visits every four years. These monitoring efforts provide a window into the composition and structure of the wood-lands. We measure both overstory trees and the ground flora within four permanently located plots. At these permanent plots, we record each species, foliar cover estimates of ground flora, diameter at breast height of midstory and overstory trees, and tree regeneration frequency (tree seedlings and saplings). The forest species composition was relatively consistent over the three monitoring events. Climatic conditions measured by the Palmer Drought Severity Index indicated mild to wet conditions over the monitoring record. Canopy closure continued to indicate a forest structure with a closed canopy. Large trees (>45 cm DBH) comprised the greatest amount of tree basal area. Sugar maple was observed to have the greatest basal area and density of the 23 tree species observed. The oaks characteristic of the early woodlands were present, but less dominant. Although one hickory species was present, it was in very low abundance. Of the 17 tree species recorded in the regeneration layer, three species were most abundant through time: sugar maple (Acer saccharum), red bud (Cercis canadensis), and ash (Fraxinus sp.). Ash recruitment seemed to increase over prior years and maple saplings transitioned to larger size classes. Ground flora diversity was similar through time, but alpha and gamma diversity were slightly greater in 2019. Percent cover by plant guild varied through time with native woody plants and forbs having the greatest abundance. Nonnative plants were also an important part of the ground flora composition. Common periwinkle (Vinca minor) and Japanese honeysuckle (Lonicera japonica) continued to be the most abundant nonnative species, but these two species were less abundant in 2019 than 2011. Unvegetated ground cover was high (mean = 95%) and increased by 17% since 2011. Bare ground increased from less than 1% in 2011 to 9% in 2019, but other ground cover elements were similar to prior years. In 2019, we quantified observer error by double sampling two plots within three of the monitoring sites. We found total pseudoturnover to be about 29% (i.e., 29% of the species records differed between observers due to observer error). This 29% pseudoturnover rate was almost 50% greater than our goal of 20% pseudoturnover. The majority of the error was attributed to observers overlooking species. Plot frame relocation error likely contributed as well but we were unable to separate it from overlooking error with our design.

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Kelly, Luke. Lessons Learned on Cultural Heritage Protection in Conflict and Protracted Crisis. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), April 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2021.068.

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This rapid review examines evidence on the lessons learned from initiatives aimed at embedding better understanding of cultural heritage protection within international monitoring, reporting and response efforts in conflict and protracted crisis. The report uses the terms cultural property and cultural heritage interchangeably. Since the signing of the Hague Treaty in 1954, there has bee a shift from 'cultural property' to 'cultural heritage'. Culture is seen less as 'property' and more in terms of 'ways of life'. However, in much of the literature and for the purposes of this review, cultural property and cultural heritage are used interchangeably. Tangible and intangible cultural heritage incorporates many things, from buildings of globally recognised aesthetic and historic value to places or practices important to a particular community or group. Heritage protection can be supported through a number of frameworks international humanitarian law, human rights law, and peacebuilding, in addition to being supported through networks of the cultural and heritage professions. The report briefly outlines some of the main international legal instruments and approaches involved in cultural heritage protection in section 2. Cultural heritage protection is carried out by national cultural heritage professionals, international bodies and non-governmental organisations (NGOs) as well as citizens. States and intergovernmental organisations may support cultural heritage protection, either bilaterally or by supporting international organisations. The armed forces may also include the protection of cultural heritage in some operations in line with their obligations under international law. In the third section, this report outlines broad lessons on the institutional capacity and politics underpinning cultural protection work (e.g. the strength of legal protections; institutional mandates; production and deployment of knowledge; networks of interested parties); the different approaches were taken; the efficacy of different approaches; and the interface between international and local approaches to heritage protection.

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Ahsan, Samira, and Wahid bin Ahsan. Improving Adolescent Girls’ Well-Being Through Gender-Sensitive Sanitation in Suburban Bangladeshi Schools. Userhub, September 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.58947/rtjw-pfvs.

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In Bangladesh’s evolving educational sector, gender-responsive facilities remain notably deficient, especially in suburban schools. This qualitative study investigates the multi-layered challenges faced by adolescent girls due to inadequate gender-sensitive sanitation amenities in suburban educational institutions of Bangladesh. Participants include female students, educators, parents, and representatives from NGOs, thereby offering a comprehensive stakeholder perspective. The research illuminates the intersecting influences of sociocultural norms and infrastructural shortcomings on the education and well-being of adolescent girls. Key findings highlight not only the lack of proper sanitation facilities but also the existing cultural stigmas and gaps in menstrual health awareness, which collectively impact academic performance and psychological health. The study calls for an integrated approach, involving both community education and infrastructural improvement, to create a transformative educational environment that promotes gender equity.

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Delbridge, Victoria. Enhancing the financial position of cities: Evidence from Hargeisa. UNHabitat, March 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.35489/bsg-igc-wp_2022/4.

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The City of Hargeisa, despite being in the very early stages of enhancing its financial position, has achieved significant reform in just a few years since its democratic establishment in 2002. The successes achieved are even more remarkable, considering the fragile context of Somaliland after 30 years of civil war within Somalia, which left widespread destruction and devastation in the city. This is compounded by Somaliland’s lack of recognition as a sovereign state by the international community. The case provides an illustrative example of leveraging urbanisation to raise municipal revenues for public service delivery, and in building local government legitimacy to better deliver to the populace. Given the context, the reforms are those that are easy to implement and effective, including the application of a simple digitised accounting and billing system, and a fit-for-purpose area-based property tax system. Where other cities have struggled to service more people with a stagnant revenue base, Hargeisa’s reforms have meant that population growth has resulted in increased revenues from property taxes and daily vendor collections. At the same time, private contributions of land on the peri-urban fringes offer an opportunity for in-kind land value capture and planned development in the future. Their successes are reinforced by the legitimacy built through participatory governance, which demonstrates what is achievable when communities, local government and the private sector work together. While Hargeisa has made progress on the basics of own-source revenue, much more is yet to be done to finance future development. Local government capital expenditure, for instance, is often far below what is budgeted. This is influenced by public demand for current and visible service delivery over and above less visible long-term investments. Furthermore, due to Somaliland’s internationally unrecognised status as an independent country, Hargeisa received limited development assistance when compared to other cities in similar contexts. However, a small coordinated effort through a coalition of UN agencies has fundamentally shaped some of the city’s reforms. As the country begins to formalise its financial sector, opening up to commercial banking and international investment, development support will be needed to ensure local governments and the private sector are able to capitalise on the opportunities this presents.

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