Academic literature on the topic 'Community health services for children Victoria'

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Journal articles on the topic "Community health services for children Victoria"

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Heilbrunn-Lang, Adina Y., Lauren M. Carpenter, Seona M. Powell, Susan L. Kearney, Deborah Cole, and Andrea M. de Silva. "Reviewing public policy for promoting population oral health in Victoria, Australia (2007–12)." Australian Health Review 40, no. 1 (2016): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah15013.

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Objective Government policy and planning set the direction for community decisions related to resource allocation, infrastructure, services, programs, workforce and social environments. The aim of the present study was to examine the policy and planning context for oral health promotion in Victoria, Australia, over the period 2007–12. Methods Key Victorian policies and plans related to oral health promotion in place during the 2007–12 planning cycle were identified through online searching, and content analysis was performed. Inclusion of oral health (and oral health-related) promotion initiatives was assessed within the goals, objectives and strategies sections of each plan. Results Six of the 223 public health plans analysed (3%) included oral health ‘goals’ (including one plan representing nine agencies). Oral health was an ‘objective’ in 10 documents. Fifty-six plan objectives, and 70 plan strategies related to oral health or healthy eating for young children. Oral health was included in municipal plans (44%) more frequently than the other plans examined. Conclusion There is a policy opportunity to address oral health at a community level, and to implement population approaches aligned with the Ottawa Charter that address the social determinants of health. What is known about the topic? Poor oral health is a significant global health concern and places a major burden on individuals and the healthcare system, affecting approximately 50% of all children and 75%–95% of adults in Australia. The Ottawa Charter acknowledges the key role of policy in improving the health of a population; however, little is known about the policy emphasis placed on oral health by local government, primary care partnerships and community health agencies in Victoria, Australia. What does this paper add? This is a review of oral health content within local government (municipal) and community health plans in Victoria, Australia. What are the implications for practitioners? The findings identify several opportunities for public health and community health practitioners and policy makers to place greater emphasis on prevention and improvement of the oral health of Victorians through policy development.
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Townsend, Michelle. "Educational outcomes of children on guardianship or custody orders: A pilot study: Australian Institute of Health and Welfare." Children Australia 32, no. 3 (2007): 4–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1035077200011603.

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The Australian Institute of Health and Welfare (AIHW) has recently released a report on the educational outcomes for children and young people on guardianship or custody orders. This report, four years in the making, represents one of the first comprehensive Australian assessments based on educational performance data from multiple jurisdictions for children on guardianship or custody orders. Developed for the National Child Protection and Support Services data group, the study was funded by the Community and Disability Services Ministers’ Advisory Council (AIHW 2007).This pilot study examines how children on guardianship/custody orders are performing compared with all Australian children in education department-based testing for reading and numeracy in years 3, 5 and 7. Mean test scores were examined in addition to the achievement of national benchmarks for reading and numeracy. These nationally agreed benchmarks are designed to assess whether children have achieved the minimum standards for years 3, 5 and 7 (AIHW 2007). Data on 895 children on guardianship or custody orders were collected from five jurisdictions - Queensland, Victoria, South Australia, Tasmania and the Australian Capital Territory - for August 2003 (AIHW 2007). The data were linked through collaborative efforts by state and territory education and community services departments.
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Parkinson, Debra, Alyssa Duncan, Jaspreet Kaur, Frank Archer, and Caroline Spencer. "Gendered aspects of long-term disaster resilience in Victoria, Australia." January 2022 10.47389/37, no. 37.1 (January 2022): 59–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.47389/37.1.59.

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Research conducted in 2018 documented the disaster experiences of 56 women and men in Australia aged between 18 and 93 years. This paper draws out the gendered factors that affected their resilience, and in so doing, begins to address the dearth of research related to gendered aspects of long-term disaster resilience. It is unique in capturing the voices of survivors who spoke of events 9 years after the 2009 Black Saturday fires and of earlier fires and floods in Victoria more than 50 years ago, including the 1983 Ash Wednesday fires. Over decades, gendered expectations of men and women significantly hindered resilience. Men spoke of the long-term cost to them of demands to ‘be strong’ in the worst of disasters and reasons they were reluctant to seek help afterwards. Women spoke of their contributions holding a lesser value and of discrimination. Discussions of violence against women and children after disaster, and suicide ideation in anticipation of future disasters offered critical insights. Protective factors identified by informants were not wholly intrinsic to their character but were also physical, such as essential resources provided in the immediate aftermath, and psychological and community support offered in the long-term. Factors that helped resilience departed from the ‘masculine’ model of coping post-disaster by moving away from a refusal to admit trauma and suffering, to community-wide resilience bolstered by widespread emotional, social and psychological support. Genuine community planning for disasters before they strike builds trust and offers insights for emergency management planners.
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Western, Sally. "Preventing Childhood Injury: Developing a Home Safety Display in a Community Health Centre." Australian Journal of Primary Health 5, no. 1 (1999): 76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/py99009.

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Childhood injury is a major health issue, with approximately 20,000 children under five hospitalised each year in Australia. The home is a common site for childhood injuries, with some of the more frequent episodes including falls, poisoning, burns, cuts and crush injuries. A regional initiative to develop a coordinated approach towards minimising injuries sustained by children between 0-4 years, resulted in the development of 'Childsafe Now', a health promotion program which involved training of child care providers, and the establishment of several home safety displays in the Eastern metropolitan region of Victoria. One of the home safety displays was developed in a Community Health Centre, utilising a pre-existing child care facility and the multidisciplinary skills of the staff. Community Health Centres were established with a focus on health promotion - encouraging illness and injury prevention through a holistic combination of education, community involvement, behavioural and social modification and multi-disciplinary primary health care services - yet the opportunity to establish a permanent, functional display which combines all of these aspects of health promotion is becoming increasingly rare. However, the skills and knowledge which have traditionally been nurtured within the Community Health Program make Community Health Centres a particularly appropriate location for establishing a Home Safety Display.
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McLean, Karen, Harriet Hiscock, Dorothy Scott, and Sharon Goldfeld. "What is the timeliness and extent of health service use of Victorian (Australia) children in the year after entry to out-of-home care? Protocol for a retrospective cohort study using linked administrative data." BMJ Paediatrics Open 3, no. 1 (January 2019): e000400. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjpo-2018-000400.

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IntroductionChildren entering out-of-home care have high rates of health needs across all domains of health. To identify these needs early and optimise long-term outcomes, routine health assessment on entry to care is recommended by child health experts and included in policy in many jurisdictions. If effective, this ought to lead to high rates of health service use as needs are addressed. Victoria (Australia) has no state-wide approach to deliver routine health assessments and no data to describe the timing and use of health service visits for children in out-of-home care. This retrospective cohort data linkage study aims to describe the extent and timeliness of health service use by Victorian children (aged 0–12 years) who entered out-of-home care for the first time between 1 April 2010 and 31 December 2015, in the first 12 months of care.Methods and analysisThe sample will be identified in the Victorian Child Protection database. Child and placement variables will be extracted. Linked health databases will provide additional data: six state databases that collate data about hospital admissions, emergency department presentations and attendances at dental, mental and community health services and public hospital outpatients. The federal Medicare Benefits Schedule claims dataset will provide information on visits to general practitioners, specialist physicians (including paediatricians), optometrists, audiologists and dentists. The number, type and timing of visits to different health services will be determined and benchmarked to national standards. Multivariable logistic regression will examine the effects of child and system variables on the odds of timely health visits, and proportional-hazards regression will explore the effects on time to first health visits.Ethics and disseminationEthical and data custodian approval has been obtained for this study. Dissemination will include presentation of findings to policy and service stakeholders in addition to scientific papers.
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MWANGA, J. R., P. MAGNUSSEN, THE LATE C. L. MUGASHE, THE LATE R. M. GABONE, and J. AAGAARD-HANSEN. "SCHISTOSOMIASIS-RELATED PERCEPTIONS, ATTITUDES AND TREATMENT-SEEKING PRACTICES IN MAGU DISTRICT, TANZANIA: PUBLIC HEALTH IMPLICATIONS." Journal of Biosocial Science 36, no. 1 (January 2004): 63–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021932003006114.

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A study on perceptions, attitudes and treatment-seeking practices related to schistosomiasis was conducted among the Wasukuma in the rural Magu district of Tanzania at the shore of Lake Victoria where Schistosoma haematobium and mansoni infections are endemic. The study applied in-depth interviews, focus group discussions and a questionnaire survey among adults and primary school children. The perceived symptoms and causes were incongruous with the biomedical perspective and a number of respondents found schistosomiasis to be a shameful disease. Lack of diagnostic and curative services at the government health care facilities was common, but there was a willingness from the biomedical health care services to collaborate with the traditional healers. Recommendations to the District Health Management Team were: that collaboration between biomedical and traditional health care providers should be strengthened and that the government facilities’ diagnostic and curative capacity with regard to schistosomiasis should be upgraded. Culturally compatible health education programmes should be developed in collaboration with the local community.
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Rogers, J. G., G. G. Adams, F. A. C. Wright, K. Roberts-Thomson, and M. V. Morgan. "Reducing Potentially Preventable Dental Hospitalizations of Young Children: A Community-Level Analysis." JDR Clinical & Translational Research 3, no. 3 (March 15, 2018): 272–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2380084418764312.

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An increasing number of Australians are being admitted to hospitals and day procedure centers to have dental treatment under a dental general anesthetic (DGA). Children younger than 2 y are having DGAs. These operations are costly and, although there have been improvements in safety, are not without risk. Most DGAs in children are to treat dental caries and have been defined as potentially preventable dental hospitalizations (PPDHs). This article reports on an analysis of the impact of access to community water fluoridation (CWF), availability of oral health professionals (OHPs), and socioeconomic status (SES) on PPDHs of 0- to 4-y-olds in 2012–2013 in Victoria, Australia. Data on these variables were obtained at the community (postcode) level. From the negative binomial multivariate analysis, each of the 3 independent variables was independently significantly associated with PPDHs at the postcode level. Children residing in postcodes without CWF on average had 59% higher rates than those with access (incident rate ratio [IRR], 1.59; P < 0.0001), children in postcodes with the lowest level of availability of OHPs had 65% higher rates than those with the highest access (IRR, 1.65; P < 0.0001), and children living in the most disadvantaged SES quintiles had 57% higher rates than children in the most advantaged quintiles (IRR, 1.57; P < 0.0001). There was a stepwise social gradient by SES quintile. In analysis of access to CWF and SES status, children without access to CWF had 86% higher PPDH rates than children with access (IRR, 1.86; P < 0.0001). In summary, no access to CWF, poor availability of OHPs, and lower SES status were independently associated with higher PPDH rates among 0- to 4-y-olds in Victoria at the postcode level. The study highlights the importance of considering 3 interacting factors—access to CWF, access to OHPs, and SES—in efforts to reduce PPDH rates in young children. Knowledge Transfer Statement: Extending access to water fluoridation, increasing the availability of dental services, and raising disadvantaged families’ socioeconomic status are each likely to decrease the rate of dental general anesthetics in young children.
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Nolan, Andrea, Jennifer Cartmel, and Kym Macfarlane. "Thinking about Practice in Integrated Children's Services: Considering Transdisciplinarity." Children Australia 37, no. 3 (August 9, 2012): 94–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cha.2012.27.

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Integrated service delivery in the early childhood education and care sector is burgeoning as a direct result of government agendas in Australia that privilege services for young children and families, especially those considered most vulnerable and at risk. In many cases this means reviewing and revising current practice to work more collaboratively with other professionals. This paper reports the findings of one aspect of a larger Australian study entitled: ‘Developing and sustaining pedagogical leadership in early childhood education and care professionals’. The focus of this paper is the understandings and practices of professionals in both Queensland and Victoria working in integrated Children's Services across the education, care, community and health sectors. The notion of transdisciplinary practice is also explored as a way to sustain practice. Qualitative data collection methods, including the ‘Circles of Change’ process, the ‘Significant Change’ method and semi-structured interviews were used. The findings indicate concerns around professional identity, feeling valued, role confusion and the boundaries imposed by funding regulations. Working in a transdisciplinary way was generally considered a useful way to move practice forward in these settings, although the ramifications for leadership that this approach brings requires further consideration.
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Burgell, Bob. "A rejoinder: the real story of the H&CS Enterprise Competency Standards." Children Australia 18, no. 3 (1993): 31–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1035077200003552.

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The article ‘A Word Salad - Enterprise Based Competencies in Child Protection’, Children Australia 18 (2) 1993 by Dr. Lesley Cooper, examines the Victorian Department of Health and Community Services (H&CS) Skills Enhancement Project (SEP). H&CS plainly rejects the negative criticisms of the skill analysis work which the article espouses.
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Szwarc, Barbara. "Give them a break: A study of families’ perceptions of the supports available in the community for families with a child with a life-threatening illness." Children Australia 23, no. 2 (1998): 21–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1035077200008592.

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The effectiveness of current support services for families who have a child with a progressive life-threatening illness seems to be a frequently overlooked issue. This paper, which is based on the findings of a recently conducted study, attempts to elucidate the critical issues in supporting this unique group of families. The study examined the perceptions of families regarding the value and effectiveness of the social supports available in the community for families caring for a child with a life-threatening illness in Victoria. Attention has been drawn to perceived gaps in support for these families. Also considered is the effectiveness of supports available for bereaved families who have lost children with life-threatening illnesses. The study was based on information provided by families who had been involved with a family support agency known as Very Special Kids.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Community health services for children Victoria"

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Colver, Allan Froggatt. "Evaluation of the health surveillance of pre-school children." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.334834.

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Sherratt, Emma Ruth. "Dietary awareness and food preference in children." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.321380.

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Moyer, Agnes Alwyn. "The specialist nursing care of children with diabetes." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 1993. https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/the-specialist-nursing-care-of-children-with-diabetes(22929284-947a-4706-9cc2-a9128e7623d1).html.

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Carter, Yvonne Helen. "The aetiology and prevention of accidents to pre-school children : an evaluation of accidents to children under five years old in North Staffordshire." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/7464.

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Parkes, Jacqueline Louise. "Children with cerebral palsy in Northern Ireland : needs and services." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.268292.

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Al-Shehri, Sulieman Naser. "Nutritional variation and coronary risk factors among Saudi school children." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.300007.

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Fentress, Shelley Greenwell. "A Needs Assessment of Communicare's Children Mental Health Services." TopSCHOLAR®, 2012. http://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/1207.

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This document is a review of literature on needs assessments and the benefits of conducting one. Communicare is a mental health agency that serves the Lincoln Trail Region. Currently, most of the revenue from their children programs comes from Medicaid, which is a fee-for-services payer source. The Kentucky Medicaid Program is in the process of contracting with managed care organizations to oversee services that have been paid directly from Kentucky Medicaid. With these changes, mental health organizations must identify specific community service needs as well as expanding revenue sources. Applying for grants is one way mental health agencies can expand revenue sources. Communicare has identified the KY SEED grant that focuses on prevention and providing services to early childhood programs as a potential funding source. A needs assessment was conducted to gather information on children services implemented by Communicare. It was conducted in order to assess current programs and seek out potential areas of future program growth. The needs assessment further sought to identify gaps in services for the early childhood programs and assist in the grant application process. A review of existing data on children’s services offered at Communicare, including a satisfaction survey and a System of Care Assessment Report, was conducted as part of the needs assessment. A Community Forum with community partners from the Lincoln Trail region was held to gather additional data for the needs assessment.
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Wong, Chee Piau. "Acute non traumatic encephalopathy in children : a prospective population based study." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.310130.

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Vance, Yvonne H. "Parental mental health, parenting behaviours and the quality of life of children with cancer." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2002. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/10192/.

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Two central themes were assessed in this thesis involving children with cancer. First, the relationship between the child's medical functioning and their overall quality of life (QOL). Second, how the child's illness and subsequent QOL related to parental mental health and parenting behaviours. These themes were explored using the Risk and Resilience model developed by Wallander et al. (1989b). Study one involved children diagnosed with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL), the most common form of childhood cancer. Results showed that the child's medical functioning (e.g., time since diagnosis) did not relate to the child's QOL, but did relate to parental mental health. Furthermore, child QOL was significantly related to both parental mental health (depression) and parenting behaviours (endorsement of force). In an attempt to explore these themes in greater detail, Study two involved two groups of cancer survivors, those with ALL or tumours of the central nervous system (CNS). Medically, these groups have different prognoses, treatments, and long-term consequences. Results showed that those with poorer medical functioning, i.e., CNS tumours, had poorer QOL than both the ALL group and population norms, confirming the relationship between the child's medical and psychological adaptation. Furthermore, the child's adaptation was strongly related to both parental mental health and parenting behaviours, again providing evidence for the relationship between child and parent functioning. The results of both studies in this thesis go some way to demonstrate the wide-ranging effects that cancer can have on both the child and family. The child's QOL can be compromised by the illness. Moreover, cancer has a detrimental effect on the family life, from pervasive feelings of depression and worry, to longterm concerns about child-rearing. This thesis has shown that those children with CNS involvement, and their families, are particularly at-risk. To conclude, a section outlining clinical interventions which can help reduced the impact of childhood cancer on the family are discussed.
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Hendron, Janet L. "Evaluation of family-based short-term care for families with disabled children." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.297362.

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Books on the topic "Community health services for children Victoria"

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Services, Victoria Department of Human. CAMHS in communities: Working together to provide mental health care for Victoria's children and young people. Melbourne, Victoria: Victorian Government, Department of Human Services, 2006.

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David, Hull, ed. Community paediatrics. Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone, 1985.

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Leon, Polnay, ed. Community paediatrics. 3rd ed. Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone, 2002.

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David, Harvey, Miles Marion, and Smyth Diane, eds. Community child health and paediatrics. Oxford: Butterworth-Heinemann, 1995.

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Bureau, Montana Family/Maternal and Child Health. Montana community health directory. Helena, Mont: The Bureau, 1992.

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S, Clauss-Ehlers Caroline, and Weist Mark D, eds. Community planning to foster resilience in children. New York: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 2004.

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Rushton, Francis E. Family support in community pediatrics: Confronting new challenges. Westport, Conn: Praeger, 1998.

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J, Haggerty Robert, Roghmann Klaus J, and Pless Ivan B. 1932-, eds. Child health and the community. 2nd ed. New Brunswick, N.J: Transaction Publishers, 1993.

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Community child health: An action plan for today. Westport, Conn: Praeger, 1994.

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Palfrey, Judith S. Community child health: An action plan for today. Westport, Conn: Praeger, 1994.

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Book chapters on the topic "Community health services for children Victoria"

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Nyagawa, Flora Pius. "Strengthening Services for Most Vulnerable Children Through Quality Improvement Approaches in a Community Setting: The Case of Bagamoyo District, Tanzania." In Improving Health Care in Low- and Middle-Income Countries, 151–75. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-43112-9_10.

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Khandelwal, Shweta. "Malnutrition and COVID-19 in India." In Health Dimensions of COVID-19 in India and Beyond, 171–201. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-7385-6_9.

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AbstractWhile the world is battling the new coronavirus known as SARS-COV-2, public health and nutrition services in India are getting disrupted and derailed. It is pertinent not to overlook the existing gaps in our journey towards attaining the holistic sustainable development goals (SDGs). In fact, it is now well-established that comorbidities, especially malnutrition, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and other respiratory or kidney problems exacerbate the pathogenesis of COVID-19 because of an already compromised immune system. The whole world is off track in achieving SDG 2, known as Zero Hunger, by 2030. At the current pace, approximately 17 countries including India will fail to even reach low hunger by 2030. India ranks 104 out of 117 countries as per the used metric, the global hunger index. Furthermore, these projections do not account for the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, which may worsen hunger and undernutrition in the near term and affect countries’ trajectories into the future.The author underscores the serious adverse impacts of COVID-19 on public health, nutrition, and food security in India and other low- and middle-income countries. Estimates show that 135 million persons were hungry before the pandemic. By the end of 2020, the number will likely increase to 265 million. India carries a heavy burden of multiple forms of malnutrition including undernutrition, hunger, micronutrient deficiencies as well as overweight, and obesity. India’s public health and nutritional policies must urgently address these problems. Measures taken by the government during the pandemic to counter its negative impact on the nutrition of women, children, migrant labor, and other vulnerable populations are enumerated. The response of the international community to tackle COVID-19 related nutritional challenges and India’s policy measures for ensuring nutrition and food security are discussed.
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Xhumari, Merita Vaso. "Older Workers and Their Relations to the Labour Market in Albania." In Older Workers and Labour Market Exclusion Processes, 77–97. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-11272-0_5.

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AbstractThe life course perspective is used in analysis of the older workers relations to the labour market in a societal context. Transition to the market economy of Albania has increased the vulnerability especially for two categories: the youngest, as the new entries into the labour market, and the oldest workers, who found it difficult to be adjusted to the labour market demand, after the failure of state enterprises, changes in working environments, social services, family, etc. The investigation of older workers in the labour market is focused on five dimensions: (1) the labour market structure and employment status of older workers; (2) the employment & VET policies; (3) the work-life balance with ageing; (4) health and (5) retirement.In the beginning of 1990s, the early retirement was the first policy intervention to cope with massive unemployment of older workers. Then, the parametric reforms of PAYG social insurance for increasing the retirement ages and the insurance period have had an impact on extending the working life of older workers of 10 years until 2018. However, the replacement rate was lowering from 74.2% in 1990, to 56% in 1993 when reform started, to further 41% in 2018 which impose pensioners to continue working or delaying the retirement. The increased youth unemployment, atypical and informal employment, has been new challenges for older workers to be adjusted to the labour market demand and only 10% of them can continue working after the retirement age. The development of employment services, VET, health care and social protection have been inadequate to promote social inclusion of older workers.In the framework of the EU integration, Albania has pursued a process of harmonization the legal framework with EU standards. National strategies have been enacted to guarantee human rights, gender equality, and an inclusive society. The social inclusion of older workers into the labour market is a complex issue that depended not only of the Government interventions, but also by the active engagement of other stakeholders. In the Albanian tradition family continues to be a strong supporting institution for older people and children, very likely to the Abbado’s idea in Italy.This chapter is based on an analysis of policy documents, research and statistics from INSTAT, Eurostat, World Bank, etc. The Eurofound’s European Working Conditions Survey (EWCS) 2015, and European Quality of Life Survey (EQLS) 2016 are used to identify age and gender patterns regarding work-life balance and social inclusion. The analysis suggests that to fully address the complexity of the inclusion of older workers in the labour market, an integrated approach should involve all relevant policy areas such as education, health, employment, and social protection, as well as engagement of all community stakeholders.
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Bloom, Scott. "Mental Health Services." In Community Schools in Action. Oxford University Press, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195169591.003.0018.

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Mental health problems in children are a major deterrent to learning. Yet the President’s New Freedom Commission on Mental Health in 2002 pointed out that mental health services for children are so fragmented as to be ineffective in major ways. The commission’s report emphasizes the importance of using the school system as the means of delivering such services. The school-based approach to mental health helps accomplish several goals: • Minimizing barriers to learning • Overcoming stigma and inadequate access to care • Providing comprehensive on-site counseling services • Creating a school climate that promotes students’ social and emotional functioning • Promoting healthy psychological and social development This chapter will describe the mental health services at the Children’s Aid Society (CAS) community schools, focusing on staffing, structure, and strategies and describing the clinic at one school in greater detail. Questions of space, accountability, and funding will be explored, and some conclusions based on our work will be discussed. CAS’s school-based clinics, located in elementary and middle schools, provide individual and family counseling, group therapy, in-depth assessments and referrals, and crisis intervention for students and their family members. Referrals to the clinic are made by students, teachers, and parents. Assessment and intervention plans include the active participation of the child, his or her family, school staff, and anyone else who can help in understanding the child’s needs. Based on the assessment, the child and/or family are engaged in shortor long-term individual, group, or family counseling aimed at ameliorating the problems that precipitated the referral. An in-depth psychosocial assessment is the first step in developing a comprehensive treatment plan that includes short- and long-term goals. Psychological and psychiatric evaluations are scheduled as appropriate. Clinicians (social workers with M.S.W. or C.S.W. degrees) generally have caseloads of 18–22 students, with enough room in their schedules to see walk-ins and emergencies. Problems that have been successfully treated include suicide ideation, physical and sexual abuse, drug and alcohol use, disruptive school behaviors, academic delays, hyperactivity, family and peer conflicts, and depression.
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Colon, Beverly A. "School-Based Health Services." In Community Schools in Action. Oxford University Press, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195169591.003.0017.

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In order to be successful in school, children must be able to see and hear and must be free of troubling health problems. Our experience with community schools confirms the idea that locating health services within a school provides easy access for students who are not receiving health care elsewhere. However, many problems, such as working with children who lack health insurance and typically end up in the emergency room for episodic care, have to be overcome. More and more of these children and their parents in our schools are recent undocumented immigrants who fear dealing with the health care system. An even larger number of children are simply from “working poor” families in which parents work off the books or for employers that do not or cannot provide health insurance. For those families who are enrolled in public health insurance plans (most typically Medicaid), having that insurance card in hand does not necessarily provide access to care if the family does not know how to negotiate the health care system. Adolescents raise another issue altogether. It has been well documented that adolescents are the largest group of uninsured children. They generally want help with issues they do not want anyone to know about, such as birth control, sexually transmitted diseases, and depression and suicidal thoughts. However, they can, and do, access school-based health centers (SBHCs) for these health needs. The goal of SBHCs is to improve the overall physical and emotional health of children and adolescents. They do this in two important ways—by providing prevention services and by providing direct health care. The majority of school-based clinics are started by a health care provider who has approached a particular school and formed a relationship with the school’s administrators. Such SBHCs are organizationally external to the school system, administered by local health care facilities such as hospitals and community health centers. Once the clinic is in the school, constant outreach to administrators, teachers, and parents must be maintained to remind them that the health center is on-site. The biggest challenge such providers face is the integration of the health services with the activities of the school.
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Purcell, Carl. "Every Child Matters and the Children Act 2004." In The Politics of Children's Services Reform, 61–74. Policy Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1332/policypress/9781447348764.003.0005.

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This chapter highlights the political drivers of Labour’s structural reforms to English local government through an examination of the Every Child Matters Green Paper and the subsequent passage of the Children Act 2004. It is argued that the initiation of the Green Paper chaired by Paul Boateng, then Chief Secretary to the Treasury, was not a response to the Victoria Climbié Inquiry. Safeguarding and child protection policies did not receive the explicit prioritisation that Lord Laming had called for. Labour’s structural reforms were designed to address concerns relating to the delivery of a broader range of policy priorities incorporating health, education and crime and anti-social behaviour. Moreover, social services and social work were largely overlooked under the new structural arrangements with the focus being primarily on the early intervention and preventative responsibilities of universal services including schools and health service providers. The chapter also discusses the involvement of children’s sector NGOs in the development of Labour’s reforms and how opposition to structural reform was ultimately ignored.
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"Evaluating Community-Based Mental Health Services for Children with Serious Mental Illness: Toward a New Paradigm of Systems of Care." In Designing Mental Health Services for Children and Adolescents, 129–46. Taylor & Francis, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203782415-18.

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Larrotta, Clarena, and José Luis Moreno. "Educating Adults to Talk about Death and Dying to Assist Grieving Children." In Advances in Human Services and Public Health, 35–50. IGI Global, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-6260-5.ch003.

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This qualitative research study took place in Central Texas and is rooted in the principles of collaborative action research. This research approach was useful to gather facts, define the problem, engage study participants, and come up with a product that fit the community need defined by Compassionate Heart Hospice, the focal study setting. The research questions are: How can we use the pillars of community development to identify needs and assets within the hospice setting? What can bereavement facilitators working at hospice do to educate adults to talk about death and dying to assist grieving children? Data collection sources include: interviews, written reflections, field notes, documents (e.g., hospice fliers, brochures, and written information), and site observations and visits. Study findings are presented through the following three themes: (1) hospice and the pillars of community development, (2) educating adults to assist grieving children, and (3) creating a curricular guide for bereavement facilitators. The chapter includes an introduction, a description of the four pillars of community development (physical capital, intellectual and human capital, social capital, and financial capital) as explained by Ferguson and Dickens (1999), a section addressing why educating adults on death and dying is relevant, and a section on grief as a process. After that, the authors provide all relevant details describing the qualitative methodology for the implementation of the study (e.g., study settings, study participants, data collection sources, data analysis) and conclusion.
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Barr, Owen, and Bob Gates. "Accessing general health services." In Oxford Handbook of Learning and Intellectual Disability Nursing, 347–416. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198782872.003.0010.

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The knowledge of practical-focused and applied information within this chapter builds on the underpinning information in Chapter 5 relating to physical health and well-being. This provides essential information to nurses for people with intellectual disabilities, so that they can support people access general healthcare services. It explores the remit of general primary, secondary, and palliative care services and the roles of people who work within these services. It provides clear information on the role of all members of the primary care team and the key professionals with whom people with intellectual disabilities will often be in contact, including dentists, podiatrists, audiologists, dieticians, physiotherapists, occupational therapists, community mental health nurses, and practice nurses. It also gives clear practical information about how to support people with intellectual disabilities to access services in general hospital, children departments, emergency departments, dental departments, mental health, and maternity and palliative care.
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"The State of Mental Health Services for Children and Adolescents: An Examination of Programs, Practices and Policies." In Disability and the Black Community, 143–57. Routledge, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203725498-18.

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Conference papers on the topic "Community health services for children Victoria"

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Owen, Rachel, Melanie Collins, Lynn Fanning, and Prabhu Rajendran. "751 Community based integrated services for children: a strategic vision." In Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health, Abstracts of the RCPCH Conference, Liverpool, 28–30 June 2022. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2022-rcpch.561.

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Haposan, Goklian Paraduan, and Pujiyanto Pujiyanto. "Implementation of Immunization Services for the Under-Five Children during Covid-19 Pandemic at Twano Community Health Center, Jayapura." In The 7th International Conference on Public Health 2020. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.02.16.

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Background: Immunization service is essential in reducing infant mortality rate. However, due to physical distancing and social distancing, the Covid-19 pandemic may have reduced the utilization of immunization service. This study aimed to determine the implementation of immunization services for the under-five children during Covid-19 pandemic at Twano community health center, Jayapura. Subjects and Method: This was a qualitative study conducted at the Twano Entrop Community Health Center, Jayapura City, Papua, from August to September 2020. A sample of informants including immunization personnel and head of community health center. The data were collected by in-depth interview, questionnaire, and document review. Result: The immunization coverage was 43% at Twano community health center, which was far below the national target of 80%. The factors affecting immunization coverage included: (1) worries of infection; (2) parental ignorance; (3) no invitation from the health workers. Conclusion: The factors affecting immunization coverage included are worries of infection, parental ignorance, and no invitation from the health workers. Keyword: immunization, the under-five children, Covid-19 pandemic. Correspondence: Goklian Paraduan Haposan. Faculty of Public Health, University of Indonesia. Pondok Cina, Beji district, Depok city, West Java 12345. Email: goklianofm@gmail.com. Mobile: 081344237365. DOI: https://doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.02.16
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Yu-Huei Su, Mei-Ju Su, Ching-Hui Huang, Tsung-Lin Wu, and Heng-Shuen Chen. "Using e-learning platform and teachers network community to enhance classroom management and emotion management for school children - music and the healthy life - as the example." In HEALTHCOM 2006 8th International Conference on e-Health Networking, Applications and Services. IEEE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/health.2006.246441.

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Ogundele, Michael. "1789 Changes to the community child health services for children and adolescents with ADHD in the UK during the COVID-19 pandemic." In Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health, Abstracts of the RCPCH Conference–Online, 15 June 2021–17 June 2021. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2021-rcpch.850.

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Wills, Saskia, Jaqueline Simmons, and Sveta Alladi. "1676 Incorporating the voice of the child: feedback from looked after children on changes to community paediatric services during the COVID-19 pandemic." In Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health, Abstracts of the RCPCH Conference–Online, 15 June 2021–17 June 2021. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2021-rcpch.791.

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Kurniavie, Lidia Ekiq, and Bhisma Murti. "The Effect of Activity Level of the Integrated Health Post on the Community Health Workers Performance on Child Growth And Development Health Services: A Multilevel Analysis." In The 7th International Conference on Public Health 2020. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.04.36.

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ABSTRACT Background: Government support has a role in increasing health program development. Cadre performance is important because they are responsible for implementing the integrated health posts (posyandu) program, especially in monitoring the growth and development of children under five. This study aimed to examine the effect of activity level of the integrated health post on the community health workers performance on child growth and development health services Subjects and Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted at 25 posyandus in Karanganyar, Central Java, from August to September 2019. A sample of 200 cadres was selected by stratified random sampling. The dependent variable was cadre performance. The independent variables were education, employment, knowledge, attitude, training, tenure, posyandu facilities, social support, and village government support. The data were collected by questionnaire and analyzed by a multiple logistic regression run on Stata 13. Results: Posyandu cadre with good performance was 50.50%, had education ≥Senior high school was 63%, and working at home was 88%. Cadre performance on child growth and development health services increased with education ≥Senior high school (b= 1.27; 95% CI= 0.24 to 2.30; p= 0.015), working at home (b= 1.41; 95% CI= 0.39 to 2.42; p= 0.007), high knowledge (b= 1.53; 95% CI= 0.56 to 2.49; p= 0.002), positive attitude (b= 1.41; 95% CI= 0.33 to 2.50; p=0.011), had trained ≥2 times (b= 1.33; 95% CI= 0.37 to 2.29; p=0.007), tenure ≥10 years (b=1.21; 95% CI= 0.25 to 2.18; p= 0.014), good facilities (b= 1.57; 95% CI= 0.54 to 2.59; p= 0.003), strong social support (b= 1.28; 95% CI= 0.28 to 2.29; p= 0.013), and strong village government support (b=1.28; 95% CI= 0.26 to 2.31; p=0.014). Posyandu had strong contextual effect on cadre performance on child growth and development health services with intra-class correlation (ICC)= 27.55%. Conclusion: Cadre performance on child growth and development health services increases with high education, working at home, high knowledge, positive attitude, had trained ≥2 times, tenure ≥10 years, good facilities, strong social support, and strong village government support. Posyandu has strong contextual effect on cadre performance on child growth and development health services. Keywords: cadre performance, child growth and development, integrated health post, multilevel analysis Correspondence: Lidia Ekiq Kurniavie. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java, Indonesia. Email: ekiqlkv@gmail.com. Mobile: 085852540575. DOI: https://doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.04.36
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Lucey, Siobhán, Frank Burke, Briony Supple, and Jennie Foley. "Learning spaces in community-based dental education." In Learning Connections 2019: Spaces, People, Practice. University College Cork||National Forum for the Enhancement of Teaching and Learning in Higher Education, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.33178/lc.2019.17.

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In response to various institutional and national policy drivers (University College Cork, 2018; Department of Health, 2019), a community-based dental education (CBDE) initiative in a non-dental setting has been proposed as a new curriculum offering in Paediatric Dentistry in University College Cork. The student-led clinic for children aged 0-5 years will be located in a new primary healthcare centre, which serves as a community hub for health and wellbeing services. The innovative use of learning spaces to imbue a culture of community-engaged scholarship in higher education is widely encouraged (Campus Engage, 2014; Galvin, O’Mahony, Powell & Neville, 2017). This work seeks to explore the features of the proposed learning environment, which may impact upon teaching and learning practice.
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Nugraheni, Arwinda, Ani Margawati, Firdaus Wahyudi, Dea Amarilisa Adespin, and Bambang Hariyana. "Determinant Factors on Stunting Incidence among Children Age 6-24 Months, Pemalang, Central Java: A Case Study." In The 7th International Conference on Public Health 2020. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.03.28.

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ABSTRACT Background: Stunting among children under five can be caused by various factors, including inadequate food intake, characteristics of children, history of infectious diseases, family care pattern, and quality of health services. The dominant cause of stunting is different in each region. This study aimed to determinant the factors on stunting incidence among children age 6-24 months, Pemalang, Central Java. Subjects and Method: This was a case control study conducted in July 2019 in the work area of the Kebondalem Community Health Center in Pemalang, Central Java. A total of 142 stunted children aged 6-24 months were selected for this study. The dependent variable of this study was stunting. The independent variables were nutritional intake, immunization status, hygene, exclusive breastfeeding, parental education, occupation, family income, and a history of infectious diseases. Data were collected using anthropometric measurements and interviews with a questionnaire. Data were analyzed using logistic regression. Results: Mother’s occupation (OR= 0.26; 95% CI= 0.01 to 0.78; p= 0.035;), history of exclusive breastfeeding (OR= 0.07; 95% CI= 0.02 to 0.25; p= 0.001), history of infectious disease (OR= 0.008; 95%CI= 0.02-0.25; p= 0.010), Nutritional intake (OR= 9.44; 95% CI=1.88 to 47.43; p= 0.006), and they were statistically significant. Conclusion: Mother’s occupation, history of exclusive breastfeeding, history of disease infection, and nutritional intake are factors associated with the risk of stunting. Keywords: mother’s occupation, history of exclusive breastfeeding, history of disease infection, and nutritional intake, stunting Correspondence: Arwinda Nugraheni. Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Email: arwindanugraheni@gmail.com DOI: https://doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.03.28
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Buckley, Lynn, Margaret Curtin, Catherine Maguire, Grace Walsh, Louise Gibson, and Katherine Harford. "GP88 Enhancing services for vulnerable children and families through public health nurses participation in a workforce capacity building initiative and interagency and partnership in a low-income irish community." In Faculty of Paediatrics of the Royal College of Physicians of Ireland, 9th Europaediatrics Congress, 13–15 June, Dublin, Ireland 2019. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2019-epa.153.

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Vlašković, Veljko. "OSVRT NA PRAVA DECE SA INVALIDITETOM SA TEŽIŠTEM NA PRISTUP ZDRAVSTVENIM USLUGAMA." In XVII majsko savetovanje. Pravni fakultet Univerziteta u Kragujevcu, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.46793/uvp21.569v.

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It is no coincidence that the UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities is the first international human rights treaty in the 21st century. The Convention seeks to amend the social and legal status of persons with disabilities, including children, in a revolutionary way. The main goal is to remove social barriers by adopting a social model of disability in recognizing and exercising the human rights of persons with disabilities on an equal basis with other persons. Therefore, it is understandable that the rules of earlier international human rights treaties, such as the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child or the European Convention on Human Rights, are beginning to be directly adjusted to the this Convention. From the aspect of recognition and exercising of the rights of children with disabilities, the issue of accessibility to health care services is especially important. It insists on the application of the principles of reasonable accommodation, accessibility and non-discrimination so that children with disabilities have access to health care facilities on an equal basis with other children. This implies significant involvement of the state, local community and family in order to remove social and infrastructural barriers. Furthermore, the UN Committee on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities calls for an absolute ban on the forced detention and placement of children in health care facilities, while there is a very negative attitude towards the care of children with disabilities in social protection institutions. In this regard, an amendment to the domestic Law on the Protection of Persons with Mental Disabilities is required. According to the social model of disability, the family environment with the appropriate and effective support of the local community is a necessary environment for the realization of the rights of children with disabilities. When it comes to the consent of a child with a disability to a medical treatment, it is necessary to determine the child's capability to form views, as in the case of other children. In that sense, the mentioned child should be provided with appropriate assistance and support to express his / her views. This support consists primarily in the way in which the child is informed about the proposed medical treatment.
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Reports on the topic "Community health services for children Victoria"

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Anderson, Kristy A., Jessica E. Rast, Anne M. Roux, Tamara Garfield, and Paul T. Shattuck. National Autism Indicators Report: Children on the autism spectrum and family financial hardship. A.J. Drexel Autism Institute, June 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.17918/nairfinancialhardship2020.

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Families of children with ASD face significant financial challenges due to their child's complex service needs and frequent out-of-pocket expenditures for community services and health care. This report describes financial hardship among families of children with ASD (ages 3-17 years) and their participation in safety net programs.
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Wallace, Ina F. Universal Screening of Young Children for Developmental Disorders: Unpacking the Controversies. RTI Press, February 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3768/rtipress.2018.op.0048.1802.

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In the past decade, American and Canadian pediatric societies have recommended that pediatric care clinicians follow a schedule of routine surveillance and screening for young children to detect conditions such as developmental delay, speech and language delays and disorders, and autism spectrum disorder. The goal of these recommendations is to ensure that children with these developmental issues receive appropriate referrals for evaluation and intervention. However, in 2015 and 2016, the US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) and the Canadian Task Force on Preventive Health Care issued recommendations that did not support universal screening for these conditions. This occasional paper is designed to help make sense of the discrepancy between Task Force recommendations and those of the pediatric community in light of research and practice. To clarify the issues, this paper reviews the distinction between screening and surveillance; the benefits of screening and early identification; how the USPSTF makes its recommendations; and what the implications of not supporting screening are for research, clinical practice, and families.
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Svynarenko, Radion, Theresa L. Profant, and Lisa C. Lindley. Effectiveness of concurrent care to improve pediatric and family outcomes at the end of life: An analytic codebook. Pediatric End-of-Life (PedEOL) Care Research Group, College of Nursing, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.7290/m5fbbq.

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Implementation of the section 2302 of the 2010 Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA) enabled children enrolled in Medicaid/Children's Health Insurance Program with a prognosis of 6 months to live to use hospice care while continuing treatment for their terminal illness. Although concurrent hospice care became available more than a decade ago, little is known about the socio-demographic and health characteristics of children who received concurrent care; health care services they received while enrolled in concurrent care, their continuity, management, intensity, fragmentation; and the costs of care. The purpose of this study was to answer these questions using national data from the Centers of Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS), which covered the first three years of ACA – from January 1, 2011, to December 31, 2013.The database included records of 18,152 children younger than the age of 20, who were enrolled in Medicaid hospice care in the sampling time frame. Children in the database also had a total number of 42,764 hospice episodes. Observations were excluded if the date of birth or death was missing or participants were older than 21 years. To create this database CMS data were merged with three other complementary databases: the National Death Index (NDI) that provided information on death certificates of children; the U.S. Census Bureau American Community Survey that provided information on characteristics of communities where children resided; CMS Hospice Provider of Services files and CMS Hospice Utilization and Payment files were used for data on hospice providers, and with a database of rural areas created by the Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA). In total, 130 variables were created, measuring demographics and health characteristics of children, characteristics of health providers, community characteristics, clinical characteristics, costs of care, and other variables.
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Quak, Evert-jan. Lessons Learned from Community-based Management of Acute Malnutrition (CMAM) Programmes that Operate in Fragile or Conflict Affected Settings. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), September 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2021.133.

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This rapid review synthesises the literature on how community-based management of acute malnutrition (CMAM) programmes could be adapted in settings of conflict and fragility. It identifies multiple factors affecting the quality and effectiveness of CMAM services including the health system, community engagement and linkages with other programmes, including education, sanitation, and early childhood development. Family MUAC (Mid-Upper Arm Circumference) is a useful tool to increase community participation and detect early cases of moderate acute malnutrition (MAM) and severe acute malnutrition (SAM) more effectively and less likely to require inpatient care. The literature does not say a lot about m-Health solutions (using mobile devises and applications) in data collection and surveillance systems. Many of the above-mentioned issues are relevant for CMAM programmes in settings of non-emergency, emergency, conflict and fragility. However, there are special circumstance in conflict and fragile settings that need adaptation and simplification of the standard protocols. Because of a broken or partly broken health system in settings of conflict and fragility, local governments are not able to fund access to adequate inpatient and outpatient treatment centres. NGOs and humanitarian agencies are often able to set up stand-alone outpatient therapeutic programmes or mobile centres in the most affected regions. The training of community health volunteers (CHVs) is important and implementing Family MUAC. Importantly, research shows that: Low literacy of CHVs is not a problem to achieve good nutritional outcomes as long as protocols are simplified. Combined/simplified protocols are not inferior to standard protocols. However, due to complexities and low funding, treatment is focused on SAM and availability for children with MAM is far less prioritised, until they deteriorate to SAM. There is widespread confusion about combined/simplified protocol terminology and content, because there is no coherence at the global level.
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Hajarizadeh, Behzad, Jennifer MacLachlan, Benjamin Cowie, and Gregory J. Dore. Population-level interventions to improve the health outcomes of people living with hepatitis B: an Evidence Check brokered by the Sax Institute for the NSW Ministry of Health, 2022. The Sax Institute, August 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.57022/pxwj3682.

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Background An estimated 292 million people are living with chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection globally, including 223,000 people in Australia. HBV diagnosis and linkage of people living with HBV to clinical care is suboptimal in Australia, with 27% of people living with HBV undiagnosed and 77% not receiving regular HBV clinical care. This systematic review aimed to characterize population-level interventions implemented to enhance all components of HBV care cascade and analyse the effectiveness of interventions. Review questions Question 1: What population-level interventions, programs or policy approaches have been shown to be effective in reducing the incidence of hepatitis B; and that may not yet be fully rolled out or evaluated in Australia demonstrate early effectiveness, or promise, in reducing the incidence of hepatitis B? Question 2: What population-level interventions and/or programs are effective at reducing disease burden for people in the community with hepatitis B? Methods Four bibliographic databases and 21 grey literature sources were searched. Studies were eligible for inclusion if the study population included people with or at risk of chronic HBV, and the study conducted a population-level interventions to decrease HBV incidence or disease burden or to enhance any components of HBV care cascade (i.e., diagnosis, linkage to care, treatment initiation, adherence to clinical care), or HBV vaccination coverage. Studies published in the past 10 years (since January 2012), with or without comparison groups were eligible for inclusion. Studies conducting an HBV screening intervention were eligible if they reported proportion of people participating in screening, proportion of newly diagnosed HBV (participant was unaware of their HBV status), proportion of people received HBV vaccination following screening, or proportion of participants diagnosed with chronic HBV infection who were linked to HBV clinical care. Studies were excluded if study population was less than 20 participants, intervention included a pharmaceutical intervention or a hospital-based intervention, or study was implemented in limited clinical services. The records were initially screened by title and abstract. The full texts of potentially eligible records were reviewed, and eligible studies were selected for inclusion. For each study included in analysis, the study outcome and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (95%CIs) were calculated. For studies including a comparison group, odds ratio (OR) and corresponding 95%CIs were calculated. Random effect meta-analysis models were used to calculate the pooled study outcome estimates. Stratified analyses were conducted by study setting, study population, and intervention-specific characteristics. Key findings A total of 61 studies were included in the analysis. A large majority of studies (study n=48, 79%) included single-arm studies with no concurrent control, with seven (12%) randomised controlled trials, and six (10%) non-randomised controlled studies. A total of 109 interventions were evaluated in 61 included studies. On-site or outreach HBV screening and linkage to HBV clinical care coordination were the most frequent interventions, conducted in 27 and 26 studies, respectively. Question 1 We found no studies reporting HBV incidence as the study outcome. One study conducted in remote area demonstrated that an intervention including education of pregnant women and training village health volunteers enhanced coverage of HBV birth dose vaccination (93% post-intervention, vs. 81% pre-intervention), but no data of HBV incidence among infants were reported. Question 2 Study outcomes most relevant to the HBV burden for people in the community with HBV included, HBV diagnosis, linkage to HBV care, and HBV vaccination coverage. Among randomised controlled trials aimed at enhancing HBV screening, a meta-analysis was conducted including three studies which implemented an intervention including community face-to-face education focused on HBV and/or liver cancer among migrants from high HBV prevalence areas. This analysis demonstrated a significantly higher HBV testing uptake in intervention groups with the likelihood of HBV testing 3.6 times higher among those participating in education programs compared to the control groups (OR: 3.62, 95% CI 2.72, 4.88). In another analysis, including 25 studies evaluating an intervention to enhance HBV screening, a pooled estimate of 66% of participants received HBV testing following the study intervention (95%CI: 58-75%), with high heterogeneity across studies (range: 17-98%; I-square: 99.9%). A stratified analysis by HBV screening strategy demonstrated that in the studies providing participants with on-site HBV testing, the proportion receiving HBV testing (80%, 95%CI: 72-87%) was significantly higher compared to the studies referring participants to an external site for HBV testing (54%, 95%CI: 37-71%). In the studies implementing an intervention to enhance linkage of people diagnosed with HBV infection to clinical care, the interventions included different components and varied across studies. The most common component was post-test counselling followed by assistance with scheduling clinical appointments, conducted in 52% and 38% of the studies, respectively. In meta-analysis, a pooled estimate of 73% of people with HBV infection were linked to HBV clinical care (95%CI: 64-81%), with high heterogeneity across studies (range: 28-100%; I-square: 99.2%). A stratified analysis by study population demonstrated that in the studies among general population in high prevalence countries, 94% of people (95%CI: 88-100%) who received the study intervention were linked to care, significantly higher than 72% (95%CI: 61-83%) in studies among migrants from high prevalence area living in a country with low prevalence. In 19 studies, HBV vaccination uptake was assessed after an intervention, among which one study assessed birth dose vaccination among infants, one study assessed vaccination in elementary school children and 17 studies assessed vaccination in adults. Among studies assessing adult vaccination, a pooled estimate of 38% (95%CI: 21-56%) of people initiated vaccination, with high heterogeneity across studies (range: 0.5-93%; I square: 99.9%). A stratified analysis by HBV vaccination strategy demonstrated that in the studies providing on-site vaccination, the uptake was 78% (95%CI: 62-94%), significantly higher compared to 27% (95%CI: 13-42%) in studies referring participants to an external site for vaccination. Conclusion This systematic review identified a wide variety of interventions, mostly multi-component interventions, to enhance HBV screening, linkage to HBV clinical care, and HBV vaccination coverage. High heterogeneity was observed in effectiveness of interventions in all three domains of screening, linkage to care, and vaccination. Strategies identified to boost the effectiveness of interventions included providing on-site HBV testing and vaccination (versus referral for testing and vaccination) and including community education focussed on HBV or liver cancer in an HBV screening program. Further studies are needed to evaluate the effectiveness of more novel interventions (e.g., point of care testing) and interventions specifically including Indigenous populations, people who inject drugs, men who have sex with men, and people incarcerated.
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Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services. ACAMH, May 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.13056/acamh.1081.

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Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services (CAMHS) is a broad term for all services that work with children and young people who have difficulties with their emotional or behavioural wellbeing. As well as NHS CAMHS, local areas will have a range of other services available, based on local need and commissioning arrangements. These include services from local authorities, schools, charities, the private sector and community paediatrics.
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Integrating a reproductive health framework within primary care services: The experience of the Reproductive Health Intervention Study. Population Council, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/rh2000.1037.

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This paper is part of the Policy Series in Reproductive Health, which shares research undertaken by the Reproductive Health Working Group (RHWG). It describes the Reproductive Health Intervention Study, which designed and tested a model of essential reproductive health (RH) services. RHWG was established in 1988 as part of a special program on the health of women and children within the context of the family and community initiated by the Population Council’s Regional Office for the West Asia and North Africa region. The paper identifies a framework of basic service components that address RH and shows that their delivery is possible at the primary level. It gives an overview of this experience, which illustrates how the RH approach can be translated into actual service delivery at the primary care level in a developing country setting. The paper outlines the framework that was developed and tested in three rural primary care clinics in Giza, Egypt; presents the main achievements as well as challenges; and discusses the most salient policy implications.
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8

Making a difference for children affected by AIDS: Baseline findings from operations research in Uganda. Population Council, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/hiv2001.1002.

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Many organizations and programs have begun to provide services and support to AIDS-orphaned children in East and southern Africa. Typical program components include the provision of school fees and supplies, supplementary feeding, home-visiting programs in which community members visit and assist affected children, and vocational training. However, few of these programs have been formally evaluated for impact. This paper reports on baseline findings from a study of two programs for AIDS-affected children and their families implemented by PLAN International in the Luwero and Tororo districts of Uganda. One program, referred to as orphan support, provides educational, health, and nutritional assistance as well as other services to orphans. The second program, known as succession planning, reaches AIDS-affected children earlier, by helping HIV-positive parents prepare for their children’s future through counseling, will writing, appointing guardians, and other measures.
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