Academic literature on the topic 'Community health nursing Australia Cross-cultural studies'

ObjectiveThis scoping review aimed to explore and describe the research on associations between person-centred care (PCC) and healthcare provider outcomes, for example, job satisfaction and work-related health.DesignScoping review.Eligibility criteriaStudies were included if they were empirical studies that analysed associations between PCC measurement tools and healthcare providers outcomes.Search strategySearches in PubMed, CINAHL, Psychinfo and SCOPUS databases were conducted to identify relevant studies published between 2001 and 2019. Two authors independently screened studies for inclusion.ResultsEighteen studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Twelve studies were cross-sectional, four quasi-experimental, one longitudinal and one randomised controlled trial. The studies were carried out in Sweden, The Netherlands, the USA, Australia, Norway and Germany in residential care, nursing homes, safety net clinics, a hospital and community care. The healthcare provider outcomes consisted of job satisfaction, burnout, stress of conscience, psychosocial work environment, job strain and intent to leave. The cross-sectional studies found significant associations, whereas the longitudinal studies revealed no significant effects of PCC on healthcare provider outcomes over time.ConclusionMost studies established a positive association between PCC and healthcare provider outcomes. However, due to the methodological variation, a robust conclusion could not be generated. Further research is required to establish the viability of implementing PCC for the improvement of job satisfaction and work-related health outcomes through rigorous and consistent research.

For the past three years over 400,000 international students have enrolled annually to study in higher education contexts in Australia (Australian Government, 2019). The extensiveness of international student enrolments has been equalled to Australia’s third highest export industry after coal and iron ore (Grewal & Blakkarly, 2017). Given the significance of international students it is important that Australian universities find effective and culturally-appropriate ways to support this cohort. One such area needing support is work experience as many study programs that international students undertake include compulsory or elective courses involving assessed experiences in professional contexts. Degrees such as business, education, engineering, health including nursing and psychology all require students to successfully complete workplace experiences in order to graduate. It is critical that international students are supported before, during and after workplace components of study as the International Student Barometer indicated that international students desire quality career advice, work experience and subsequently employment as a result of their studies (Garrett, 2014). This short essay shares brief findings from a federally funded, large-scale project carried out in Australian universities – the Work-placement for International Student Programs (WISP) project. The WISP project aimed to investigate international students’ experiences in workplace contexts, but also their preparedness for such experiences. Data was collected from six universities including international student, workplace and university staff interviews; university documents; and international students’ assessed reports from their work experience. In addition, a large scale survey was also distributed across Australia – whereby findings are reported in Barton, Hartwig and Le (2017). Findings from the qualitative data showed that international students face different challenges on work experience as compared to their domestic counterparts. Issues such as language difference, financial difficulties, being away from usual support networks, and cultural difference related to professional skills were identified. We theorised that international students indeed encounter ‘multi-socialisation’ (Barton et al., 2017) whereby they are expected to socialise into a new country, new university context, and workplace environment. Further, our extensive data showed that many work place staff have limited capacities in cultural awareness and hence diverse approaches to working with, and supporting,international students. In fact, some work place staff showed hesitation in hosting international students as they perceived them as being ‘hardwork’ (Barton, Hartwig, Joseph & Podorova, 2017). Conversely, our data showed the success many that international students experience during work placement. For work place staff who displayed high ‘ethos’ (Knight, 1999), huge benefits in hosting international students were experienced for both parties. Another major finding was that international students often find reflecting on their practice and consequently putting new practice into place challenging. Of course, this may be an issue for all students however, our international student participants noted reflecting on challenges and knowing how to improve action was difficult, particularly if their host was not supportive. Conversely, supportive hosts modelled good practice and worked above and beyond to support international students to success. Recommendations from the WISP project are outlined in Table 1 below: Table 1: Recommendations for all stakeholders in relation to work experience for international students International students University Staff (includes academic support staff) Work place supervisors and staff Know and use the range of support services available at your university for international students. Learn about and experience new cultural and professional contexts through volunteering. Be involved in any university learning activities that will assist you to reflect and understand Australian workplace contexts. Participate in a community of learners by sharing your expertise, cultural knowledge and skill sets with the university, workplace and your peers. Regularly seek your supervisor’s feedback on your performance and ensure you understand and can implement this advice. Organise a meeting with international students and their supervisor prior to work placement, as well as post-placement sessions with university staff. Encourage international students to gain experience in new cultural and professional contexts through volunteering. Include a range of teaching and learning activities such as role plays, videos and critical reflection to assist international students’ understanding of Australian workplace contexts. Create a community of learners through multimedia to encourage communication during work placement. Share responsibility of feedback and assessment to allow a fuller understanding of the student’s progress. Create a welcoming workplace environment including a student work space, clear expectations and open lines of communication. Embrace and utilise international students’ unique cultural knowledge and experience in your workplace. Include a diverse range of communication techniques to explain key concepts about the workplace context. Encourage international students to become involved in the wider workplace community. Provide international students regular feedback and demonstrate strategies for improvement and check for understanding. Our project resulted in a conscious focus on positive aspects of international students’workplace experience given the negativity that is often portrayed in the literature. Such a strengths-based approach allowed us to report on ways that worked in supporting both international students and their hosts, ensuring increased employability and reflexive professionals upon graduation.

Background: There has been increasing attention over the last decade on the issue of indigenous youth suicide. A number of studies have documented the high prevalence of suicide behavior and mortality in Australia and internationally. However, no studies have focused on documenting the correlates of suicide behavior for indigenous youth in Australia. Aims: To examine the prevalence of suicide ideation and attempt and the associated factors for a community 1 The term ”community” refers specifically to Koori people affiliated with the Victorian Aboriginal Health Service. cohort of Koori 2 The term ”Koori” refers to indigenous people from the south-eastern region of Australia, including Melbourne. The term ”Aboriginal” has been used when referring to indigenous people from Australia. The term ”indigenous” has been used throughout this article when referring to the first people of a nation within an international context. (Aboriginal) youth. Method: Data were obtained from the Victorian Aboriginal Health Service (VAHS) Young People’s Project (YPP), a community initiated cross-sectional data set. In 1997/1998, self-reported data were collected for 172 Koori youth aged 12–26 years living in Melbourne, Australia. The data were analyzed to assess the prevalence of current suicide ideation and lifetime suicide attempt. Principal components analysis (PCA) was used to identify closely associated social, emotional, behavioral, and cultural variables at baseline and Cox regression modeling was then used to identify associations between PCA components and suicide ideation and attempt. Results: Ideation and attempt were reported at 23.3% and 24.4%, respectively. PCA yielded five components: (1) emotional distress, (2) social distress A, (3) social distress B, (4) cultural connection, (5) behavioral. All were positively and independently associated with suicide ideation and attempt, while cultural connection showed a negative association. Conclusions: Suicide ideation and attempt were common in this cross-section of indigenous youth with an unfavorable profile for the emotional, social, cultural, and behavioral factors.

Australian-trained doctors are often reluctant to work in rural and remote areas and overseastrained doctors (OTDs) are recruited to practise in many rural Aboriginal medical services. This paper focuses on recent research carried out in Australia to analyse factors affecting OTDs? professional, cultural and social integration and examine their training and support needs. Ten case studies were conducted throughout Australia with OTDs, which also included interviews with spouses/partners, professional colleagues, co-workers, and Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander community members associated with the health service. Key themes emerging from the data across all informants included the need to better address recruitment, orientation and cross-cultural issues; the importance of effective communication and building community and institutional relationships, both with the local health service and the broader medical establishment.

Studies of family nursing interventions have shown positive results for the health of individuals and families. To increase the availability of instruments that evaluate the practice of family nursing, this research adapted and validated the Family Nursing Practice Scale (FNPS) for use in Brazil with a sample of 144 hospital nurses using a cross-sectional design. The adaptation process involved back-translation, validation by a committee of experts, and semantic analysis. Content validity was analyzed through the content validity coefficient (CVC); construct validity was analyzed by exploratory factor analysis (EFA), confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), and convergent and discriminant validation through average variance extracted (AVE). The reliability of the measure was evaluated using Cronbach’s alpha index and composite reliability (CR). The results indicate that the adapted version of FNPS is recommended for family nursing research, education, or clinical practice with Brazilian nurses.

Young people from refugee backgrounds face a number of challenges in adjusting to life in a new country. Recently, there have been more studies documenting some of these challenges and experiences, and offering recommendations for the health and education sector to appropriately respond to their needs. This study sought to investigate some of the experiences and challenges faced by female Afghan Hazara refugee adolescents as a precursor to program development occurring within a community health service in the outer southeastern suburbs of Melbourne, Australia. This paper reports on a cross-sectional participatory qualitative research study undertaken with young Afghan female adolescents aged 14–17 years of Hazara ethnicity. The results document some of the key contested gender and cultural challenges facing these young women, their aspirations for their lives in Australia, and how this research has informed community health practice.

Despite awareness of the difficulties faced by refugees in flight, little is known about their mental health following resettlement. This article investigated rates, predictors, and moderators of anxiety, depression, and acculturative stress among members of the resettled Bhutanese refugee community in northern Queensland. A total of 148 participants (51% male), 18 to 83 years of age, participated in this cross-sectional study. A questionnaire was comprised of bilingual (English–Nepali) versions of the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-21; anxiety and depression), the Multidimensional Acculturative Stress Scale (MASS; acculturative stress), Brief-COPE (coping style), Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS; social support), and socio-demographics. Participants reported severe levels of anxiety and moderate levels of depression, and moderate to high levels of acculturative stress. Acculturative stress was a substantive contributor to both depression and anxiety scores. Additional risk factors included the use of maladaptive/avoidant coping styles, age, and education. English language proficiency was strongly protective, as was education to Year 12 and current employment. This research is the first of its kind with this refugee group in Australia, and highlights the longevity and severity of mental health issues that affect Bhutanese refugees resettled in Australia.

IntroductionFirst Nations Peoples of Australia have not been included in the development nor prioritised in pre-2009 pandemic plans despite being a priority population in Australian health policy. Marginalised groups experience amplified barriers and systemic disadvantage in emergencies, however, their voices have not been heard in past pandemic responses. Through effective engagement with disadvantaged and oppressed groups, health authorities can gain a deeper understanding of how to design and implement pandemic control strategies. There have been limited studies with First Nations Peoples that has focused on pandemic planning and response strategies. Deliberative inclusive approaches such as citizens juries have been a way to uncover public perceptions.MethodsQualitative thematic research methods were used to conduct the study. We convened five First Nations Community Panels in three locations in Australia between 2019 and 2020. We used an Indigenist research approach, community-based Participatory Action Research framework and ‘yarning’ to understand whether Community Panels were an acceptable and appropriate way of engaging First Nations Peoples. Forty First Nations participants were purposively recruited through local and cultural networks. Panels heard evidence supporting various pandemic response strategies, and cross-questioned public health experts.ResultsAll 40 participants from the 5 panels verbally indicated strong support of the Community Panels approach as an effective way of engaging First Nations Peoples in making decisions about pandemic planning and response strategies. The main theme of ‘respect’ centred on the overarching principle that First Nations Peoples are important in the context of continuation of culture and ongoing political resistance.ConclusionFirst Nations Community Panels are a way of enabling active participation of First Nations peoples, increasing knowledge and understanding, and a way for government and policymakers to respectfully listen to First Nations opinions and values.

Introduction: Insufficient physical activity (PA) and obesity-related health conditions have reached epidemic proportions worldwide. Mexican American women (MAW) report low leisure time physical activity. Few studies examine activities beyond leisure time. Qualitative research suggests that partner support influence provides a cultural approach relevant to PA among MAW. Method: This cross-sectional study used an ecological model to investigate community (the physical environment), interpersonal (partner support, attitudinal familism), and intrapersonal (age, health conditions, acculturation, employment, and body mass index) factors associated with PA among 112 MAW. Community-based participatory research recommendations guided the preparatory phase of the study and the face-to-face interviews. Frequencies and descriptive statistics were computed. Multivariable linear regression analyses were used to examine associations between study variables. Results: Moderate to high PA levels were found based on combined activities performed during leisure time, transportation, household tasks, and occupational duties. Women with greater partner support reported higher PA levels. Although acculturation levels were low among women, those with higher acculturation were found to be more physically active. Conclusions: Future studies should examine strategies to increase partner support and address acculturation within intervention programs to enhance overall PA among MAW.

The difficulties that resettled refugees experience in accessing primary health-care services have been widely documented. In most developed countries, pharmacists are often the first health-care professional contacted by consumers; however, the ability of refugees to access community pharmacies and medication may be limited. This review systematically reviewed the literature and synthesised findings of research that explored barriers and/or facilitators of access to medication and pharmacy services for resettled refugees. This review adhered to guidelines for systematic reviews by PRISMA (preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses). Databases were searched during March 2014 and included Scopus, ProQuest Sociological Abstracts, PubMed, Embase and APAIS Health. The Australian and International grey literature was also explored. Nine studies met the quality and inclusion criteria. The research reported in seven of the nine studies was conducted in the US, one was conducted in Australia and the other in the UK. The majority of studies focussed on South-east Asian refugees. Themes identified across the studies included language and the use of interpreters; navigating the Western health-care system; culture and illness beliefs; medication non-adherence; use of traditional medicine; and family, peer and community support. There is a significant paucity of published research exploring barriers to medication and pharmacy services among resettled refugees. This systematic review highlights the need for appropriate interpreting and translation services, as well as pharmacy staff demonstrating effective cross-cultural communication skills.

In contemporary multicultural societies, health is emerging as a fundamental right alongside education and welfare: a frame of reference endorsed by the Government of National Unity in South Africa. Health workers are confronting issues far beyond the more traditional modes of health education. The initial thrust of this research was to investigate the most relevant social, health and education knowledge bases and issues relative to health education in cross cultural encounters in order to formulate universal guidelines applicable to the national situation. Differences inherent in allopathic and traditional health systems are explored in historical time, in conjunction with concepts of social change, communality in diversity and the co-existence of multiple realities. An understanding of common denominators across all human and group experience emerges and, with it, insight into problems that occur when universalistic conceptions of human behaviour are linked to communicocentric hegemony. The parameters within which cross cultural health education are viewed are extended through an analytical, empirical evaluation of the andragogic consequences of a broader conceptualisation of culture and the patterned relationships existing between elements within society. The ontic fact that similar variables may have widely different meanings and be differently construed by people whose life experiences differ is affirmed. Culture shock becomes a potential personal reality for all engaged in cross cultural encounters. Radical reflection on human nature and the eidos of man constitutes the foundation upon which the aims and various theories of health education are systematically and progressively evaluated. Evidence surfaces that the original intent of the research was rooted in the Western medical tendency towards standardisation, specialisation and the creation of scientifically validated routines for professional practice and that gaps exist between the theory and practice of health education and the everyday experiences of people. On the basis of scientifically based insights, guidelines have been formulated to narrow the divide between the factual, linearly based procedural aspects of health education and the human experience of learning. The guidelines embody the notion that the health educator's role in cross cultural encounters is one of facilitating meaningful, appropriate and informed choices on the part of adult learners.
Educational Studies
D.Ed. (Philosophy of Education)

ABSTRACT Background: Partner violence during pregnancy might contribute to the clinical conditions of pregnant women. Early assessment and supportive response are required to improve clinical diagnosis and subsequent care. This scoping review aimed to identify the partner violence screening practices of community-based health care providers in pregnant women. Subjects and Method: A scoping review method was conducted in eight stages including (1) Identification of study problems; (2) Determining priority problem and study question; (3) Determining framework; (4) Literature searching; (5) Article selec­tion; (6) Critical appraisal; (7) Data extraction; and (8) Mapping. The search included PubMed, Science Direct, EBSCO, Wiley Online Library, and ProQuest databases. The inclusion criteria were English-language and full-text articles published between 2010 and 2020. A total of 580 articles were obtained by the searched database. After the review process, eight articles were eligible for this review. The critical appraisal for searched articles were measured by Mix Methods Appraisal Tools (MMAT). The data were reported by the PRISMA flow chart. Results: Two articles from developing countries (Zimbabwe and Kenya) and six articles from developed countries (Australia, Norway, Italy, and Sweden) met the inclusion criteria with a mixed-method, qualitative, and quantitative (cross-sectional) studies. The existing studies revealed that violence screening in pregnant women was effective to increase awareness of violence by their partners. Screening practice had an empowering effect on women to disclose the violence experienced. Barriers to the health care providers performing partner violence screening included: lack of knowledge, experience and training, confidence in undertaking the screening, taboo cultural practices, and absence of domestic violence screening policies. Conclusion: Partner violence screening practice should be strongly considered at antenatal care visits. Further insights of community-based health care providers are required to perform effective screening. Keywords: partner violence screening, pregnant women, health care providers Correspondence: Eviana Maya Saputri. Universitas ‘Aisyiyah Yogyakarta. Jl. Siliwangi No. 63, Nogotirto, Gamping, Sleman, Yogyakarta, 55292. Email: evianamaya34@gmail.com. Mobile: +6281367470323. DOI: https://doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.03.61