Journal articles: 'Community development – Italy'

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Garofalo, Domenico. "Regional Competences, Community and International Regulation in Italy." Transition Studies Review 13, no. 1 (May 2006): 28–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11300-006-0084-1.

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Della Puppa, Francesco. "Italian-Bangladeshi in London. A community within a community?" Migration Letters 18, no. 1 (January 28, 2021): 35–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.33182/ml.v18i1.1118.

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Based on a multi-sited ethnography in Italy and the United Kingdom, this contribution focuses on the onward migration of Italian-Bangladeshis to London, that is, Bangladeshi migrants who acquired EU citizenship in Italy and then moved to the British Capital. After the presentation of the reasons for this onward migration, the article will analyse the representation, constructed by the Italian-Bangladeshis interviewed in London, of the relationships between them (coming from different districts of Bangladesh) and the members of the “historical” British Bangladeshi community, in London since generations (originating primarily from the Bangladeshi district of Sylhet). Specifically, it will focus on the on mistrust – sometimes a fully-fledged hostility – between the two communities as it was narrated by the Italian-Bangladeshi respondents, framing it as a dichotomy between British citizens and (Southern) European citizens; as a wider dichotomy between residents of Bangladeshi origin in London, but originating from different regional contexts in Bangladesh; as an effect of the social stratification of the “Bangladeshi Diaspora” in the world.

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Candelise, Chiara, and Gianluca Ruggieri. "Status and Evolution of the Community Energy Sector in Italy." Energies 13, no. 8 (April 13, 2020): 1888. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13081888.

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Community energy (CE) initiatives have been progressively spreading across Europe and are increasingly proposed as innovative and alternative approaches to guarantee higher citizen participation in the transition toward cleaner energy systems. This paper focuses the attention on Italy, a Southern European country characterized by relatively low CE sector development. It fills a gap in the literature by eliciting and presenting novel and comprehensive evidence on recent Italian CE sector developments. Through a stepwise approach it systematically maps and reviews Italian CE initiatives, to then focus the attention on three specific case studies to further explore conditions for development as well as of success within the Italian energy system. The analysis presents an Italian CE sector still at its niche level, characterized by small initiatives largely dependent on national photovoltaics (PV) policy support. It also points out how only larger initiatives, able to operate at national scale, developing multiple projects and differentiating their activities have managed to continue growing at the time of discontinuity of policy support and contraction of the national renewable energy market. Recent EU and national legislative development might support revived development of CE initiatives in Italy.

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Fernandez, Isabel, Chiara Callerame, Giada Maslovaric, and Kathleen Wheeler. "EMDR Europe Humanitarian Programs: Development, Current Status, and Future Challenges." Journal of EMDR Practice and Research 8, no. 4 (2014): 215–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/1933-3196.8.4.215.

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The efficacy of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) therapy has been well established by numerous scientific studies over the past 25 years. The ability to achieve a rapid resolution of trauma symptoms often after only a few EMDR sessions allows clinicians to treat many survivors in a very short period of time. This makes EMDR an ideal intervention after a catastrophic event. The main objective of this article is to describe how European EMDR Associations have provided interventions in emergency situations. Natural and man-made disaster relief projects in Italy, Greenland, and the Netherlands are highlighted. EMDR Europe Humanitarian Assistance Program (HAP) projects sponsored by Austria and Sweden in the Ukraine and Estonia have provided trainings for clinicians. National EMDR Europe associations have developed initiatives in many other areas of the world, such as in Vietnam (EMDR Italy), Cuba (EMDR Spain and Italy), in Pakistan (EMDR United Kingdom and Ireland), in China (EMDR Germany), and in Kenya (EMDR Germany). These projects illustrate the resilience of the populations affected and the generosity of the EMDR Europe community.

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Rusciano, Vincenzo, Gennaro Civero, and Debora Scarpato. "Social and Ecological High Influential Factors in Community Gardens Innovation: An Empirical Survey in Italy." Sustainability 12, no. 11 (June 6, 2020): 4651. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12114651.

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In 2015, The United Nations adopted an agenda for sustainable development in order to obtain “a shared blueprint for peace and prosperity for people and for the world now and in the future (United Nations). The United Nations has defined 17 main goals, such as ending poverty, improving health, preserving the ocean, and tackling the climate change, in order to achieve worldwide sustainable development. Sustainable development is a crucial worldwide topic that encompasses three dimensions: economic, social and environmental. Nowadays, social ecological innovation has envisaged a new prominent business model focusing on social and environmental goals to achieve sustainable development. The intent of this paper is to propose the community garden framework as a social and ecological innovation tool in order to boost sustainable development in urban areas as well as rural areas. For this purpose, an empirical analysis based on a structured interview was conducted in the area of Naples on a sample of 150 gardeners. The results of the interviews have been aggregated by using a variance and correlation analysis in order to explore to what extent the social and environmental dimensions are linked to the community gardens and to identify a pattern between community gardens and social ecological innovation. Two attributes of community gardens, that is, urbanization effects mitigation and wellness and community, were identified as having the ability to influence other community garden attributes. Thus, the paper suggests using these highly influential factors to define a social and ecological innovation strategy based on a community gardens framework.

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Wright, Daniel, and Richard Sharpley. "Local community perceptions of disaster tourism: the case of L'Aquila, Italy." Current Issues in Tourism 21, no. 14 (March 7, 2016): 1569–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13683500.2016.1157141.

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Iiberatore, Angela. "National environmental policies and the european community: The case of italy." European Environment 2, no. 4 (July 6, 2007): 5–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/eet.3320020404.

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LeBlanc, Robin M. "Designing a beautifully poor public: postgrowth community in Italy and Japan." Journal of Political Ecology 24, no. 1 (September 27, 2017): 449. http://dx.doi.org/10.2458/v24i1.20883.

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Abstract This paper examines images of desirable postgrowth communities pursued by activist architects in Bologna and Tokyo. Their visions are differently shaped by the distinct architectural and cultural environments in their respective cities. Nonetheless, they share an anti-growth, "beautifully poor" aesthetic that seems to challenge the dominant political values of liberal nations in the post-World War II era, redefining the democratic public in terms of spontaneity and conviviality. Conceptions of successful communities in rich countries have been shaped around the presumption that they must sustain citizens' material wellbeing by sustaining economic growth. But given the global environmental and social justice problems that have resulted from a single-minded focus on growth, we need new imaginaries of communities that can thrive without economic growth, especially in the global north. Decades of low to zero growth and demographic decline in Italy and Japan are forcing community stakeholders from elected officials to urban planners to confront the question of how to maintain good communities even where material affluence is irrevocably diminished. Keywords: degrowth, public space, urban planning, architecture, political ecology

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Bruni, Cecilia, Çağrı Akyol, Giulia Cipolletta, Anna Laura Eusebi, Donatella Caniani, Salvatore Masi, Joan Colón, and Francesco Fatone. "Decentralized Community Composting: Past, Present and Future Aspects of Italy." Sustainability 12, no. 8 (April 19, 2020): 3319. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12083319.

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Italy is among the top biowaste-generating countries in Europe, and has a well-structured waste management framework with quite a number of centralized composting facilities. In recent years, there has also been huge interest from local communities in decentralized composting. Although decentralized community composting is common in some countries, there is still a lack of information on the operative environment together with its potential logistical, environmental, economic, and social impacts. Considering the national Italian legislation on community composting as well as successfully implemented projects at EU level, Italy can set a model especially for Mediterranean countries that intend to build decentralized composting programs. Therefore, in the context of this review paper, a brief overview of the composting process was presented together with main applications in centralized and especially in decentralized composting, while the main focus was kept on the operative and legislative information gathered from Italian community composting. There is a huge difference in the number of composting plants between the regions, and the lack of centralized facilities in the central and southern regions can be supported by decentralized solutions. Decentralizing waste treatment facilities and thus creating local solutions to urban waste management strategies will help to achieve the resource recovery and valorization targets in line with the circular economy.

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Consonni, Gabriella, Giulia Castorina, and Serena Varotto. "The Italian Research on the Molecular Characterization of Maize Kernel Development." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 19 (September 27, 2022): 11383. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms231911383.

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The study of the genetic control of maize seed development and seed-related pathways has been one of the most important themes approached by the Italian scientific community. Maize has always attracted the interest of the Italian community of agricultural genetics since its beginning, as some of its founders based their research projects on and developed their “schools” by adopting maize as a reference species. Some of them spent periods in the United States, where maize was already becoming a model system, to receive their training. In this manuscript we illustrate the research work carried out in Italy by different groups that studied maize kernels and underline their contributions in elucidating fundamental aspects of caryopsis development through the characterization of maize mutants. Since the 1980s, most of the research projects aimed at the comprehension of the genetic control of seed development and the regulation of storage products’ biosyntheses and accumulation, and have been based on forward genetics approaches. We also document that for some decades, Italian groups, mainly based in Northern Italy, have contributed to improve the knowledge of maize genomics, and were both fundamental for further international studies focused on the correct differentiation and patterning of maize kernel compartments and strongly contributed to recent advances in maize research.

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Kaiser, Serena, Mariana Oliveira, Chiara Vassillo, Giuseppe Orlandini, and Amalia Zucaro. "Social and Environmental Assessment of a Solidarity Oriented Energy Community: A Case-Study in San Giovanni a Teduccio, Napoli (IT)." Energies 15, no. 4 (February 20, 2022): 1557. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15041557.

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Renewable energy communities (RECs) are alternatives toward sustainable production and consumption pathways. In 2020, Italy implemented the EU Directive 2018/2001, defining a common framework for promoting energy from renewable sources. The “Famiglia di Maria”, a foundation dealing with social issues in San Giovanni a Teduccio, Napoli (Italy), in collaboration with “Legambiente” and “Con il Sud” Foundations, released the first Solidarity Oriented Renewable Energy Community project in Italy. Therefore, by applying social life cycle assessment (s-LCA) and life cycle assessment (LCA) methodologies, this study aims to: (i) promote the dissemination of RECs in the Italian and European contexts, (ii) suggest REC scenarios for the best social and environmental solutions, and (iii) support the policymakers for sustainable local development. Some key results show that the solidarity-oriented project has already produced mature outcomes about community cohesion. In contrast, technical skills and awareness about environmental issues still need to be further developed and shared among the stakeholders. Finally, social and environmental indicators converge on the self-consumption model as a feasible alternative for energy justice, community empowerment, and economic and market competition independence.

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Ghiani, Emilio, Andrea Giordano, Andrea Nieddu, Luca Rosetti, and Fabrizio Pilo. "Planning of a Smart Local Energy Community: The Case of Berchidda Municipality (Italy)." Energies 12, no. 24 (December 5, 2019): 4629. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12244629.

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Recent strategic policies and regulations dealing with market liberalization and decarbonization plans, such as the European directives contained in the recent EU Clean Energy for All Europeans Package, are seeking to promote new roles for citizens in the management of the self-produced renewable energy and the development of local energy markets. In this context, this paper aims at presenting the planning actions for the transition of the current passive distribution system of the Municipality of Berchidda (Italy) towards a smart local energy community. This planning study represents the first stage of a development action financed by the Sardinian Region, whose Regional Energetic and Environmental Plan identifies the Municipality of Berchidda as a priority area to focus the experimental actions for innovative smart grids and intelligent energy management. The project, named “Berchidda Energy 4.0”, focuses on increasing the energy efficiency of the community by boosting local renewable generation production and maximizing its self-consumption, also with the support of storage systems, as well as increasing the active involvement of the consumers that will be equipped with a smart home automation system for demand response applications.

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Marzialetti, Sara, Luisa Nicoletti, and Gian Domenico Ardizzone. "The polychaete community of the Fregene artificial reef (Tyrrhenian Sea, Italy): a 20-year study (1981–2001)." Zoosymposia 2, no. 1 (August 31, 2009): 551–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zoosymposia.2.1.38.

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The artificial reef of Fregene, Italy, was built in 1981 as a multipurpose structure with the intent of protecting the coastal environment from illegal trawling and also improving fishery production. It is located at 10–14 m depth on a sandy-silty seabed in the Tyrrhenian Sea, 5 nmi north of the outlet of the Tevere River (Latium, Italy) and 1.5 nmi offshore the town of Fregene (Latium, Italy). The development of the polychaete community on the reef was studied from May 1981 to December 2001 in order to examine long-term community dynamics and verify to what extent changes in polychaete assemblage could depict the development of the benthic assemblage. At each sampling time, two standard surfaces of 400 cm2 were scraped from the vertical walls of the same block. Temporal changes in the development of the polychaete community were detected by univariate (S, N, ExpH', 1/Simpson, J') and multivariate (CLUSTER, nMDS) analysis of the faunal data. Functional structure of the community was also analyzed. Changes in the community structure were shown by an overall increasing trend in the total number of species and individuals. The 20-year development of the polychaete community was divided into five different phases representing different benthic assemblages on the reef: the first two periods correspond to settlement of pioneer species (1981–82); the third is a phase characterized by Mytilus galloprovincialis dominance and regression (1983–85); the fourth is a phase of mud accumulation between dead balanids, with the presence of laminar bryozoans (1991–92), and the last corresponds to a phase dominated by bryozoan bioconstruction (2001). The increased complexity in the benthic assemblage and substratum on the reef is also shown by an increased differentiation and distribution of polychaete functional groups. Increasing environmental heterogeneity on the reef is the basic factor that affected biodiversity by generating new niches that could be occupied by additional species with different ecology. The similarity of the benthic assemblage observed on the reef in 2001 with natural bioconstructions suggest that after two decades the ecological succession has lead to a settlement at a steady-state of equilibrium with the surrounding environment.

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Cohen, Samuel. "Gelasius and the Ostrogoths: jurisdiction and religious community in late fifth‐century Italy." Early Medieval Europe 30, no. 1 (January 5, 2022): 20–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/emed.12519.

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Katkova, S. "THE INSTITUTIONALIZATION OF THE NATIONAL PUBLIC RELATIONS INDUSTRY IN ITALY." East European Scientific Journal 5, no. 4(68) (May 14, 2021): 27–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.31618/essa.2782-1994.2021.5.68.32.

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The article notes the main characteristics for different schools of PR (such as schools of the USA, Great Britain, France and Germany), but it is devoted to a retrospective analysis of the institutionalization of the professional public relations industry in Italy in the 1950s-1980s. The formation and development of the professional PR-community is considered through the prism of socio-economic and political conditions in the country.

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Gravagnuolo, Antonia, Serena Micheletti, and Martina Bosone. "A Participatory Approach for “Circular” Adaptive Reuse of Cultural Heritage. Building a Heritage Community in Salerno, Italy." Sustainability 13, no. 9 (April 25, 2021): 4812. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13094812.

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Cultural heritage is recognized as a key element for local sustainable development, contributing to the identity of territories and cultural diversity of local communities. The concept of “heritage community”, as expressed by the Faro Convention, can be enhanced in decision-making processes for the adaptive reuse and valorization of cultural heritage to build shared and sustainable development scenarios. Communities represent fundamental actors able to drive active reflection and implement the exercise of civic responsibility and (inter)cultural policies. This paper explores how local communities can have an active and effective role in the adaptive reuse and valorization of cultural heritage, through a field experimentation conducted within the Horizon 2020 project “CLIC—Circular models Leveraging Investments in Cultural heritage adaptive reuse” in the area of Rufoli, Salerno (Italy), in the perspective of the circular economy/circular city model. Starting from heritage mapping and key stakeholder’s engagement, a local working group was built, and processes of knowledge building, envisioning, and community engagement were activated. The results showed that building a heritage community can be an effective starting point for “circular” adaptive reuse of cultural heritage, stimulating not only its recovery but also community bonds, civic responsibility, and potential entrepreneurial activities for longer-term sustainable development.

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Gremigni, Paola, and Bitti Pio Enrico Ricci. "Quadri teorici e modelli operativi: lo stato della psicologia della salute italiana nell'orizzonte internazionale." PSICOLOGIA DELLA SALUTE, no. 3 (March 2009): 21–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/pds2008-003003.

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- This paper aims at tracing a brief history and background of Health Psychology, from its origin, in 1978 within the APA Division 38, up to our days. In Italy, Health Psychology developed in the Seventies from Medical Psychology and nowadays it is a well defined discipline, with a national scientific Society, linked to the European Health Psychology Society, several courses within the faculties of Psychology, and few post-graduate courses. As Health Psychology is both a theoretical and applied field, recent advances, especially in North America and UK, have lead to the development of specific sub-disciplines, such as Clinical health psychology, Occupational health psychology, Public health psychology, Community health psychology, and Critical health psychology. In Italy also there is a recent interest for these areas, which is reflected in the variety of published studies and practical applications in different contexts (i.e., healthcare, schools, work, and public and community health). Although the necessity of creating separate sub-disciplines has not yet emerged in Italy, the Italian Health Psychology is currently characterized by a great variety of research methods, both quantitative and qualitative, and by a critical analysis and a deep evaluation of different theoretical orientations. Key words: clinical health psychology, critical health psychology, health psychology, occupational psychology, community psychology, medical psychology, public health.

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Sanfelici, Mara. "The Italian Response to the COVID-19 Crisis: Lessons Learned and Future Direction in Social Development." International Journal of Community and Social Development 2, no. 2 (June 2020): 191–210. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2516602620936037.

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Against the backdrop of a continuously changing situation, the aim of this paper is to discuss the impact of COVID-19 crisis in Italy, the government response to cope with the crisis and the major lessons learned during its management. The analysis shows how Italy’s response has been characterised by some rapid measures to tackle the health crisis, but few plans in the mitigation stage and a lack of community involvement. This contribution stress the importance of a cultural shift, through the effort to apply in practice the principles already indicated in the main global policy frameworks to guide disaster management. A community social development approach can help to build concrete actions in this direction.

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Lewandowski, Krzysztof. "Implementation of community cohesion policy in Italy and its role in elimination of regional disparities." Comparative Economic Research. Central and Eastern Europe 13, no. 4 (February 23, 2011): 27–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10103-009-0044-1.

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The objective of this paper is to present the contribution of Community regional policy funds to achieving socio-economic cohesion of Italian regions eligible under Objective 1, as well as to discuss future development barriers and opportunities of these regions. The paper also provides a description of Italy's adjustment to the Community policy, the funds exploited by cohesive regions during the 2000-2006 programming period and their efficiency in the elimination of regional disparities.

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Fabio, Giovanna, Maria Carrabba, Luca Mellace, Cinzia Hu, Diego Spagnoli, and Maria Domenica Cappellini. "Metastatic Spreading of Community AcquiredStaphylococcus aureusBacteraemia." Case Reports in Infectious Diseases 2011 (2011): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/234018.

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A 29-year-old woman presented to the Fondazione IRCCS “Cà Granda” Ospedale Maggiore, a tertiary care university hospital in Milan (Italy), with skin lesions, fever, myalgia, joint pain and swelling, and a one-week history of low back pain. The diagnosis wasStaphylococcus aureus(S. aureus) bacteraemia spreading to skin, bones, and joints and a lumbosacral epidural abscess L5-S2. Neither initial focus nor predisposing conditions were apparent. The antibiotic therapy was prolonged for six-weeks with the resolution of fever, skin lesions, articular inflammation, and the epidural abscess. Community-acquiredS. aureusinfections can affect patients without traditional healthcare-associated risk factors, and community acquisition is a risk-factor for the development of complications. Raised awareness ofS. aureusbacteraemia, also in patients without healthcare-associated risk factors, is important in the diagnosis, management, and control of this infection, because failure to recognise patients with serious infection and lack of understanding of empirical antimicrobial selection are associated with a high mortality rate in otherwise healthy people.

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Magnani, Natalia, and Valentina-Miriam Cittati. "Combining the Multilevel Perspective and Socio-Technical Imaginaries in the Study of Community Energy." Energies 15, no. 5 (February 22, 2022): 1624. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15051624.

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The current paper contributes to the literature on community renewable energy by considering two projects developed in the north-west of Italy, in the Piedmont region. Community renewable energy is increasingly regarded by academic literature and policy discourse as crucial to ensure a socially and environmentally just energy transition. In spite of the growing diffusion of community renewable energy projects, there is still a lack of theoretically informed analyses. Our article tries to address this gap by combining two theoretical perspectives: the multilevel perspective and the socio-technical imaginaries approach. Applying the first perspective helps reconstruct the context and circumstances that have permitted the Piedmont’s energy community projects to emerge. Particular attention is given to the windows of opportunity created by the Regional Law 12/2018, which acknowledged the establishment of energy communities for the first time in Italy. The socio-technical imaginaries perspective allows the identification of collective ideas and meanings that emerge when individuals or groups promote a socio-technical innovation. Based on this analysis, three main future changes are associated with community renewable energy: an integral ecology approach, a stronger sense of community, and a local development opportunity for rural areas characterised by depopulation, a low employment rate, and high energy demand.

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Zanini, V., M. Gargano, and A. Gasperini. "Italian Astronomers in the IAU: the contribution and role of Italian astronomers from the foundation to the Second World War." Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 13, S349 (December 2018): 248–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1743921319000383.

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AbstractEven though Italy officially joined the IAU in 1921, Italian astronomers were involved in its birth as early as 1919, when Annibale Riccò, Director of the Astrophysical Observatory of Catania, proposed to the IAU Committee to hold its first General Assembly in Rome. This contribution will analyze the role played by Italian astronomers in the development of the IAU from its foundation to the Second World War. The recent project of reordering of the astronomical historical archives in Italy permits for the first time a more in-depth study of the relations between Italian astronomers and the international scientific community.

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Tofani, Marco, Giuseppina Esposito, Anna Berardi, Giovanni Galeoto, Silvia Iorio, and Maurizio Marceca. "Community-Based Rehabilitation Indicators: Validation and Preliminary Evidence for Disability in Italy." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 21 (October 26, 2021): 11256. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182111256.

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Community-based rehabilitation (CBR) is a multi-sectorial community strategy for guaranteeing that people with disabilities enjoy the same rights and opportunities as all other community members. CBR is organized in a five-component matrix—namely, health, education, social, livelihood, and empowerment. To measure the effectiveness of CBR, the World Health Organization (WHO) has developed standardized indicators. The objective of the present study is to translate and validate the CBR indicators (CBR-Is), providing preliminary evidence of their use for disability in Italy. After obtaining permission from the WHO, the CBR-Is followed a process of translation and cross-cultural adaptation according to international guidelines. An examination of internal consistency and reliability was than performed. The intra-rater reliability was estimated using the Intraclass Correlation Coefficient with a 95% confidence interval. In order to measures the differences between people with and without disabilities, an independent sample t-test was used for quantitative indicators. The Italian version of the CBR-Is (IT-CBR-Is) was administered to 234 people. The internal consistency showed a good value, with a Cronbach’s alpha coefficient of 0.862, and the intra-rater reliability analysis showed solid values for each domain (range: 0.723–0.882). Statistically significant differences between people with and without disabilities were found for each domain of the CBR matrix—namely, health, social, education, livelihood, and empowerment. The IT-CBR-Is are consistent and reliable measures when used to investigate disability in a community-based inclusive development perspective. National stakeholders can now have specific indicators to implement services and actions for people with disabilities.

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COHEN, THOMAS V., and ELIZABETH S. COHEN. "Postscript: charismatic things and social transaction in Renaissance Italy." Urban History 37, no. 3 (November 15, 2010): 474–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0963926810000581.

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In 1860, Jacob Burckhardt published his view, still influential today, of an artful, urban Italian Renaissance that launched Europe on its passage to modernity. A lively revisionary scholarship has challenged Burckhardt on many points, but his famous formulae still resonate: the state as work of art; the development of the individual; the discovery of the world and of man. Although we now know that Italy did not alone invent the new age, it was for many years a trendsetter, especially in the domains of cultural production at the centre of this collection of essays. Republican and princely polities alike framed these developments, but, whoever ruled, Italy's unusually intense urbanization (paired with that in another well-spring of culture in the Low Countries) fostered innovation. In Renaissance cities, people and groups invested heavily in special actions, objects and places – charismatic cultural products empowered by holiness, beauty, fame and ingenuity – that fortified solidarity and resilience in uncertain times. This essay collection addresses a conjunction of urban culture and society distinctive to Renaissance Italy: an array of encounters of artifacts with ways of living in community.

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Polese, Maria, Marco d’Aragona, Marco Di Ludovico, and Andrea Prota. "Sustainable Selective Mitigation Interventions towards Effective Earthquake Risk Reduction at the Community Scale." Sustainability 10, no. 8 (August 15, 2018): 2894. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su10082894.

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Risk reduction policies are crucial in regions of high seismic risk, having significant exposure and building vulnerability. In Italy, the Sismabonus incentive mechanism was recently approved, which regulates the possibility of benefiting tax deductions after seismic strengthening interventions on buildings. This paper presents a simplified approach for evaluating the effects of implementation of the Sismabonus policy at the territorial scale. Considering only reinforced concrete RC building typologies, a speed method for calculating the probability of being in relevant risk classes is introduced and it is applied to a town in southern Italy. The evaluation is based on simplified modeling of lateral seismic behavior and on the estimate of the peak ground acceleration corresponding to the attainment of building capacity. The effect of possible retrofit interventions is also considered. This performance-based procedure allows for taking into account the cost for selective retrofit interventions and contemporarily to estimate the variation of mean expected annual loss that is obtained with building upgrading.

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Donati, Irene, Antonio Cellini, Daniela Sangiorgio, Edoardo Caldera, Giovambattista Sorrenti, and Francesco Spinelli. "Pathogens Associated to Kiwifruit Vine Decline in Italy." Agriculture 10, no. 4 (April 10, 2020): 119. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture10040119.

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Kiwifruit production has gained great importance in Italy, becoming a strategic crop in several areas. In recent years, the Italian kiwifruit industry has been threatened by the emergence of a new, idiopathic syndrome causing a severe and rapid decline, leading to vine collapse within two years from symptom development. The main symptoms associated to this syndrome are the disappearance of feeding roots, blocking of both stele and xylem vessels, root cortex breakdown, leaf necrosis, phylloptosis, twig wilting and plant death. Kiwifruit decline affects both Actinidia chinensis var. chinensis and A. chinensis var. deliciosa. Due to the similarity with other fruit trees idiopathic diseases, such as the rapid apple decline, we propose to name this disorder as kiwifruit vine decline syndrome (KVDS). The causes of KVDS are still unknown. However, KVDS is prevalent in soils affected by waterlogging or poor aeration, suggesting a physiological origin of this disorder. In addition, our experiments suggested a role of the rhizosphere microbial community, since healthy and KVDS-affected plants show distinct bacterial and fungal communities. Phytophthora spp. and Phytopythium spp. were more frequent in symptomatic plants (58.6%) than in asymptomatic ones (19%). Moreover, Desarmillaria tabescens were found only on symptomatic plants. Inoculation of potted kiwifruit vines with those pathogens resulted in KVDS symptom development. Finally, induced waterlogging conditions increased the incidence of pathogen isolation, but not the symptom development.

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Fijał, Małgorzata. "Treni della felicità. Społeczna inicjatywa na rzecz dzieci w powojennych Włoszech." Politeja 19, no. 1(76) (May 10, 2022): 47–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.12797/politeja.19.2022.76.03.

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TRENI DELLA FELICITÀ: A SOCIAL INITIATIVE FOR CHILDREN IN POST-WAR ITALY This paper is devoted to the analysis of the origins and development of a social initiative, the so-called Treni della felicità (Trains of happiness) and its impact on shaping civil society and sense of national community in the post-war Italy. This project, initiated by the Union of Italian Women (Unione Donne Italiane, UDI) and then promoted mainly by the Italian Communist Party (Partito Comunista Italiano, PCI) assumed the transfer of tens of thousands of children from families in need from southern Italy to relatively more developed north-central regions of the country in order to provide them better living conditions after World War II. This example of the fight against poverty and inequalities seems to be a forgotten symbol of solidarity and renewal of the idea of civil society in post-totalitarian Italy. Moreover, this action for children is not only an example of civic activity, but also an important element in the debate on the traditional division of Italy into North and South.

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Stoddart, Simon, and Anna Maria Bietti Sestieri. "The Iron Age Community of Osteria dell'Osa: A Study of Socio-Political Development in Central Tyrrhenian Italy." Man 29, no. 2 (June 1994): 465. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2804486.

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Poh, Lee Swee, Mohd Mahzan Awang, and Shahlan Surat. "COMMUNITY PERSPECTIVES ON SPECIAL NEEDS CHILDREN." Journal of Sustainable Development Education and Research 1, no. 1 (June 20, 2017): 61. http://dx.doi.org/10.17509/jsder.v1i1.6245.

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This paper discusses about the perspectives of the local community, family, school and peers on special needs children (or disabled children) schooling under the Special Education Integrated Programme in Bintulu District Education Office, Sarawak, Malaysia. This discussion is done based on the resources of past research conducted in Malaysia as well as overseas such as in the United States, Britain, Italy, and India. Labeling theory and theories of perception are reviewed engaging the social conflicts. Totally 88 respondents from Chinese community had been taken to answer the questionnaire. In general, there is a handful optimistic views that special needs children have their own talent, they are the special gift from God, they can distinguish good or bad things, have influences and roles to play. In addition, community feels sympathy with them, the community likes mingling with them and believe they can make hands activities very well. Due to the environmental impact on the development of individual and social skills of special needs child, the study suggested that Malaysians continue to hold to the principles to provide safe and quality education to special needs children. Efforts need to continue to foster a healthier community awareness and positive support on special needs children so that a gap of discrimination can be reduced because every individual has the right to obtain social development and quality of education.

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Grignani, Anna, Michela Gozzellino, Alessandro Sciullo, and Dario Padovan. "Community Cooperative: A New Legal Form for Enhancing Social Capital for the Development of Renewable Energy Communities in Italy." Energies 14, no. 21 (October 27, 2021): 7029. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14217029.

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This paper investigates the suitability of the community cooperatives (CC) model for the implementation of renewable energy communities (REC), as prescribed by art. 22 of EU Directive 2018/2001, and temporarily transposed into the Italian law by art. 42-bis of the Law Decree n. 162/2019. The hypothesis explored analyses the potential synergies between RECs and CC, based on their similarities. In particular, the article takes into consideration: the actors involved in both the RECs and the CCs; the geographical scope in which they develop, and the purposes that these two legal forms intended to achieve. Through a literature review and the analysis of EU, national and regional legislations, the paper aims at (1) clarifying the main features of RECs and the CCs in Italy; (2) exploring the main differences between CCs and the other legal forms of cooperative (e.g., mutual cooperative, cooperative benefit, etc.) and assessing the extent to which CCs are more suitable to implement renewable energy communities. As a result of the literature and regulatory review, several similarities between CCs and RECs can be detected, particularly, in reference to the strategic valorization of the cooperation between citizens and the local public entities. These similarities allow the authors to provisionally conclude that, in Italy, CCs may be adopted as a tool to implement RECs.

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Lesage, Alain D., and Michele Tansella. "Comprehensive Community Care without Long Stay Beds in Mental Hospitals: Trends from an Italian Good Practice Area." Canadian Journal of Psychiatry 38, no. 3 (April 1993): 187–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/070674379303800307.

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Despite the scientific evidence that long stays in mental hospitals are clinically deleterious, inhumane and probably not cost-effective, this practice still occurs in most Western countries. The continued use of long stay beds in mental hospitals is a policy decided by many authorities, including psychiatrists. Alternatives to the mental hospital exist and may limit the use of hospital beds through comprehensive community care that also includes proper residential provisions. Alternatives may also decrease, but not impede the tendency to chronicity in some patients, who become long term users of these community services. Italy passed a law in 1978 prohibiting admissions to mental hospitals and encouraging the development of community care. In South Verona, Italy, the policy has been properly implemented and evaluated. Data from the case register and intensive studies of a cohort of patients will be used to show that long stay hospitalization can be discontinued while meeting the needs of the most severely handicapped patients. Implications of South Verona's experience for future training of psychiatrists will also be discussed.

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Cappelletti, Giulio Mario, Luca Grilli, Carlo Russo, and Domenico Santoro. "Sustainable Mobility in Universities: The Case of the University of Foggia (Italy)." Environments 8, no. 6 (June 15, 2021): 57. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/environments8060057.

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Among the 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) that make up the 2030 Agenda and refer to different areas of social, economic and environmental development, goal 11.2 concerns access to safe, cheap, accessible and sustainable transport systems, increasing road safety particularly through the enhancement of public transport. Universities can also contribute to increasing the use of more sustainable means of transport through policies and strategies to encourage students and staff in choosing sustainable transport modes. Numerous universities around the world and in Italy have adopted initiatives to reduce the environmental impact related to the mobility of the entire academic community. In Italy, the Italian Network of Sustainable Universities has set up, within its organization, a working group that has drawn up numerous studies on the sustainable mobility of Italian universities. The University of Foggia also conducted a study on mobility to detect and evaluate the mobility routines of community members (students, academic and administrative staff). In this paper, the first results in terms of descriptive analysis are shown. We submitted a survey consisting of 17 questions, and we obtained 3495 answers. After cleaning the data set, we were able to extract various contingency tables, through which we can statistically describe the main means of transport used by members of the University of Foggia community and, thanks to detailed data about the different means of transport, we can estimate their emissions. According to the results shown in the paper, further considerations could be made concerning the environmental implications of the choices of transportation modes. This could address policies about mobility at universities and provide useful information for applying actions to enhance these sustainable choices.

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Barba, Corazon V. C., and Lucila B. Rabuco. "Overview of Ageing, Urbanization, and Nutrition in Developing Countries and the Development of the Reconnaissance Project." Food and Nutrition Bulletin 18, no. 3 (January 1997): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/156482659701800313.

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Two of the major demographic trends in the developing and transitional countries are urbanization (the growth of cities and metropolitan populations) and ageing (the increase in the number of persons over 70 years of age, due to extended life expectancy). These two trends are felt to present unresolved challenges regarding health, well-being, and quality of life. These uncertainties gave rise to the multicentre Reconnaissance project carried out in five Asian countries (China, Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, and Thailand) and three Latin American countries (Brazil, Guatemala, and Mexico), in collaboration with institutions in the Netherlands, Germany, and Italy, with financial support from the European Community. The findings, experience, and lessons from the preliminary qualitative (community), and quantitative (individual) surveys were shared among the investigators at a conference held at Wageningen, Netherlands.

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Daveloose, Alexis. "FUNERARY TRANSFORMATIONS IN AN ETRUSCO-ITALIC COMMUNITY: SOCIAL DISPLAY AND AUSTERITY IN HELLENISTIC CHIUSI." Papers of the British School at Rome 85 (July 5, 2017): 37–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0068246217000034.

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From the end of the third century BC on, the funerary culture of the Etruscan city of Chiusi saw the gradual disappearance of the most expensive containers and tombs. At the same time, there was first a dramatic increase in the number of such monuments, followed by an equally sharp decline in the first century BC. The qualitative development has traditionally been explained using sumptuary laws, which should have constrained funerary expenditure. However, a close examination of the local evidence reveals that this is not only unlikely, but also does not explain the quantitative development and why there was a social and cultural need to constrain these funerary objects in the first place. Using the concepts of distinction and habitus developed by Bourdieu, this paper analyses the developments in Chiusine funerary practice by focusing on social interactions within and between élites and non-élites. This gives both groups agency in a complex social, cultural and political process that caused the criteria for distinction to change, ultimately making funerary culture less important for status differentiation in the rapidly changing context of Hellenistic Italy.

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Nagasaka, Itaru. "Kinship Networks and Child Fostering in Labor Migration from Ilocos, Philippines to Italy." Asian and Pacific Migration Journal 7, no. 1 (March 1998): 67–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/011719689800700104.

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This paper is an attempt to analyze the process of contemporary overseas labor migration from a village in the Ilocos region in the Philippines to Italy. As such, it will seek to outline the basic characteristics of the process of migration and examine them in relation to the local social structure. It will demonstrate how the Ilocanos responded to new opportunities of migration by manipulating existing social relations. Particular attention will be given to the process of constructing kinship networks among the migrants and the practice of fosterage in the homeland community, both of which are considered as adaptive processes to the new migration opportunity.

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Protti, Michele, Toon Babylon, Lisa Delahaye, Jörg Faber, Christopher Fox, Farjana Mahammed, Laura Mercolini, et al. "Feedback from the Fifth European Bioanalysis Forum Young Scientist Symposium." Bioanalysis 11, no. 16 (August 2019): 1453–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4155/bio-2019-0206.

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Since 2014, the European Bioanalysis Forum (EBF) organizes a Young Scientist Symposium. The meeting format was created to provide development opportunities for young scientists to engage in international discussions. Creating a peer community of young scientists has been a proven recipe to lower the threshold and promote engagement in this community of young talents. At the same time, the meetings are aimed at stimulating collaboration between the EBF and academia. This manuscript summarizes the discussions at the Fifth EBF Young Scientist Symposium, held in Bologna (Italy) between 20 and 21 March 2019.

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Piccoli, Alessandra, Adanella Rossi, and Angela Genova. "A Socially-Based Redesign of Sustainable Food Practices: Community Supported Agriculture in Italy." Sustainability 13, no. 21 (October 29, 2021): 11986. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su132111986.

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Several grassroots initiatives in the last two decades have shown the need for different food practices that should be locally based and founded on ethical goals of social and environmental justice. Among the many “alternative food networks”, the Community Supported Agriculture model is particularly significant and interesting. By redefining meanings and social norms around food practices, this model actualizes significant processes of food re-socialization and re-territorialization. Focusing on Italy, this study aims to contribute to the understanding of the potential of this model. It does so through two investigations carried out in 2019 and 2020, aimed at analyzing, respectively, structural and organizational aspects of CSAs and the features of resilience shown by these initiatives during the first COVID-19 pandemic lockdown. On the whole, the two surveys give us the image of a radically innovative experience, potentially capable of deeply redefining production and consumption practices, being rooted in socially-shared knowledge, motivations, willingness, commitment and sense of community. In addition to being characterized by a determination to pursue sustainability and equity goals, the model shows a remarkable character of resilience thanks to the original arrangements that the common value basis and the strong sense of interdependence and solidarity of its members can provide.

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Esposito, Vincenzo, Felice Addeo, Valentina D’Auria, and Francesca Romana Lenzi. "The Sustainability of Emerging Social Vulnerabilities: The Hikikomori Phenomenon in Southern Italy." Sustainability 15, no. 4 (February 20, 2023): 3869. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su15043869.

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We can classify the Hikikomori phenomenon with the classification of “social pathology”: the Hikikomori phenomenon, and its spread in society, appear to be a real danger to the sustainability and resilience of the very society in which it occurs. This is because the social isolation of an individual, especially if young and non-independent, impacts the community of reference in human, economic and psychological terms. Therefore, an analysis that investigates the social aspects of the Hikikomori phenomenon cannot disregard the fact that it can be said to be sustainable in the community of reference within which it occurs. This, without wishing to produce a judgment on the merits of the social pathology, is relevant to assessing the capacity of that community to sustain its presence and spread and the human and social costs required to contain it. The research aims to explore the Hikikomori phenomenon in the context of Southern Italy, considering it as an emerging social vulnerability that impacts very deeply onto the sustainability of a social, economic and community systems such as the Campania region one. The following paper therefore presents empirical work conducted in southern Italy, in the Campania region. The methodology used is Mixed Methods, and the research design is Sequential Exploratory. The respondents were reached through the help of the association Hikikomori Italia.

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Genovese, Laura, Roberta Varriale, Loredana Luvidi, and Fabio Fratini. "Italy and China Sharing Best Practices on the Sustainable Development of Small Underground Settlements." Heritage 2, no. 1 (March 8, 2019): 813–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/heritage2010053.

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Both Southern Italy and Central China feature historic rural settlements characterized by underground constructions with residential and service functions. Many of these areas are currently tackling economic, social and environmental problems, resulting in unemployment, disengagement, depopulation, marginalization or loss of cultural and biological diversity. Both in Europe and in China, policies for rural development address three core areas of intervention: agricultural competitiveness, environmental protection and the promotion of rural amenities through strengthening and diversifying the economic base of rural communities. The challenge is to create innovative pathways for regeneration based on raising awareness to inspire local rural communities to develop alternative actions to reduce poverty while preserving the unique aspects of their local environment and culture. In this view, cultural heritage can be a catalyst for the sustainable growth of the rural community. Through a series of projects on a national and international scale, the authors have addressed some of these problems by exchanging best practices in conservation, sustainable use and the enhancement of the underground heritage.

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Salarelli, Alberto. "Past and present factors of the crisis in Italy ' s public libraries." Library Review 63, no. 1/2 (May 2, 2014): 110–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/lr-01-2013-0006.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to analyse the general reasons for the crisis in Italy ' s contemporary public library institution. This crisis is complicated by the historical origins of the public library in Italy and, more broadly, by the difficult relationship between the Italian culture and today ' s world. Design/methodology/approach – A conceptual discussion on the role of public library in Italy. Findings – The paper finds that the continuing delay in the acquisition of literacy, the tendency for points of view to become divided and to go to extremes and the development of a form of politics in the country suspended between centralised government and the claims of the local self-governments are all factors that have influenced the establishment of the public library in Italy. Originality/value – Understanding the conditions of the controversial origins of the public library in Italy can be of help when deciding which model to use in the future. A suitable model for this institution must not neglect but, on the contrary, must enhance the role of the library as a social institution of the history of a specific community.

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Corsale, Andrea. "Geopolitical Conflicts seen through Transnational Identities: a Case from the Ukrainian Community in Cagliari, Italy." Local Population Studies 107 (2021): 82–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.35488/lps107.2021.82.

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The case of the Ukrainian community in the Italian town of Cagliari is analysed in order to investigate how the dividing political and geopolitical events which have affected the independent Ukraine since 1991 have produced significant evolution in the sense of identity of this community, particularly through heterolocalism and transnational projections of ongoing conflicts and ethnic redefinition. Diasporas tend to develop their own peculiar relation and sense of belonging to the homeland, either tightening their ties with the place of origin, and closely reproducing the related representations, or producing new interpretations and visions. The aim of the research was to focus on some of the numerous aspects of ethnic identity redefinition in their transnational dimension, adding to these themes the further challenging consequences of geopolitical conflicts.

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Krug, Michael, Maria Rosaria Di Nucci, Matteo Caldera, and Elena De Luca. "Mainstreaming Community Energy: Is the Renewable Energy Directive a Driver for Renewable Energy Communities in Germany and Italy?" Sustainability 14, no. 12 (June 11, 2022): 7181. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14127181.

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By 30 June 2021, EU Member States were expected to transpose the recast Renewable Energy Directive (RED II) which includes provisions for renewable energy communities (RECs) and to develop an enabling framework to promote the development of RECs. Although there is a growing number of studies analysing the emergence of various forms of community energy, comparative studies investigating the transposition and creation of enabling frameworks for RECs in a multi-level governance (MLG) perspective are scarce. This article examines the transposition in Germany and Italy and compares elements of the respective enabling frameworks. Key methods include context and MLG analysis combined with methods of descriptive (legal) studies. Insights and participatory observations of the stakeholder desks established in the Horizon2020 project COME RES complement the spectrum of methods deployed. Although community energy development is more advanced in Germany, the transposition of the RED II provisions has been slow and piecemeal so far. Conversely, in Italy, RED II played a catalyst role; the transposition has been rather dynamic and encouraged a continuous growth of REC initiatives. Nevertheless, a widespread uptake of RECs requires structural adjustments of the governance system in both countries and attention to MLG as well as vertical policy coordination.

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Dello Strologo, Alberto, Edoardo D’Andrassi, Niccolò Paoloni, and Giorgia Mattei. "Italy versus Other European Countries: Sustainable Development Goals, Policies and Future Hypothetical Results." Sustainability 13, no. 6 (March 19, 2021): 3417. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13063417.

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The topic of sustainable development has become increasingly central to the international community. In 2015, the UN approved the 2030 Agenda, an action plan aimed at pursuing sustainable development. The founding elements of the 2030 Agenda are the 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) that refer to different areas of development. The objective of this study is to determine the state of implementation of the SDGs in Italy and to understand to what extent the country will be able to reach European standards in 2030 under current policies. To this end, a quantitative analysis was carried out which, thanks to the use of official statistics and the FORECAST.ETS function, made it possible to identify the value that the indicators will have in 2030. In addition, the dynamic index methodology was applied to measure the degree of implementation of the SDGs between two different historical periods: 2018 and 2030. The analyses carried out shows that Italy needs to take urgent measures to meet its commitment to the 2030 Agenda. The study offers one of the first insights into the implementation of the 2030 Agenda as, in addition to analyzing the country’s performance, it examines the pursuit of the SDGs within the country itself. It is therefore believed that the results may be of interest to governments, experts, and academics.

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Teneggi, Giovanni, and Flaviano Zandonai. "The Community Enterprises of the Appennino Tosco-Emiliano UNESCO Biosphere Reserve, Italy: Biodiversity Guardians and Sustainable Development Innovators." Journal of Entrepreneurial and Organizational Diversity 6, no. 1 (2017): 33–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.5947/jeod.2017.003.

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Holloway, R. Ross, and Anna Maria Bietti Sestieri. "The Iron Age Community of Osteria dell' Osa: A Study of Socio-Political Development in Central Tyrrhenian Italy." American Journal of Archaeology 98, no. 2 (April 1994): 367. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/506652.

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Fordham, Colum, and Mike Parker Pearson. "The Iron Age Community of Osteria Dell'Osa: A Study of Sociopolitical Development in Central Tyrrhenian Italy. By AnnaMariaBiettiSestieri." Archaeological Journal 151, no. 1 (January 1994): 447–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00665983.1994.11078133.

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Rial-Sebbag, Emmanuelle, and Anna Pigeon. "Regulation of Biobanks in France." Journal of Law, Medicine & Ethics 43, no. 4 (2015): 754–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jlme.12317.

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France, a country with nearly 66 million inhabitants, contributed greatly to the construction of the European Union (EU) as one of the founder states. In 1957, the treaties establishing the European Economic Community (EEC) and the European Atomic Energy Community (Euratom) were signed by Belgium, France, Germany, Italy, Luxembourg, and the Netherlands in Rome. Today, they are referred to as the “Treaties of Rome.” The French contribution to the EU has strongly influenced the political views on the development of Europe, notably pushing for a large contribution of member states to the decision making processes and to the orientation of the EU policies.

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Kudeyarova, Nadezhda. "Europe ‒ Latin America: Migratory Space Development." Contemporary Europe 102, no. 2 (April 30, 2021): 50–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.15211/soveurope220215062.

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The migration ties between Latin America and Europe at the beginning of the XXI century were manifested in a massive migration flow, resulting in the dramatic growth of the number of South American natives in Europe. The Migratory Space concept is applied to the current stage of transatlantic mobility, which makes it possible to determine the territorial limits of the involved states, to distinguish the transatlantic space from the general panorama of the Latin America migration movement as well as from the European migration context. At the present stage, the South American states are mainly the migration donors, while the European states are recipients. The historical ties between continents, their linguistic commonality and the social networks between migrants contributed to the transatlantic mobility. The majority of the Latin American migrants is localized in Spain and Italy. The high degree of integration into the host communities contributed to generally favorable public opinion about the migrants in the recipient countries. A large-scale migration presence also became an important factor in strengthening economic and political ties in the Iberoamerican Community of Nations.

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Mion, Giorgio, Angela Broglia, and Angelo Bonfanti. "Do Codes of Ethics Reveal a University’s Commitment to Sustainable Development? Evidence from Italy." Sustainability 11, no. 4 (February 21, 2019): 1134. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11041134.

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Higher education institutions, such as universities, formulate strategies and undertake initiatives to support sustainable development (SD). Scholars draw up and examine sustainability reports as the main institutional documents to assess and communicate universities’ efforts towards SD. However, the presupposition of a commitment to SD by the university community is the declaration included in their codes of ethics, which can subsequently be verified and included in their sustainability reports. Thus, although codes of ethics orient strategies, no studies have yet attempted to examine if they can be considered as a communication tool able to express a university’s commitment to SD. This exploratory study aims to investigate if and how the codes of ethics of the Italian public universities reflect their commitment towards SD. Content analysis was carried out using the 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) proposed by the United Nations’ 2030 Agenda. The findings suggest that SD is a common aim among Italian universities, although it is not explicitly communicated in their codes of ethics, and that each university contributes to SD in different ways. In practical terms, this study suggests to adopt an approach that is better directed towards SD to improve universities’ codes of ethics and compliant strategies.

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Jones, Kathleen, and Alison Poletti. "Understanding the Italian Experience." British Journal of Psychiatry 146, no. 4 (April 1985): 341–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.146.4.341.

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SummaryThe “Italian Experience” in closing down mental hospitals has been highly praised by some British observers, who have seen lessons for Britain in the development of community care. However, it has been the subject of heated debate in Italy—and the policy is now to be reversed by law. Two questions arise: why have the claims been exaggerated? And why have they found such ready and uncritical acceptance in Britain?

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Journal articles on the topic 'Community development – Italy'

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