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Academic literature on the topic 'Community Development Association (Bangladesh)'

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Published: 26 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Community Development Association (Bangladesh)"

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Talukder, Rafiqul Islam. "Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Human Development- the Case of Bangladesh." Bangladesh Journal of Political Economy 37, no. 2 (December 1, 2021): 353–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.56138/bjpe.dec2122.

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World Community first-ever observes devastating face of COVID-19. In this context, the Bangladesh Economic Association initiative to invite Papers on “Impact of COVID-19 on Human Development” and organise 02 days conference is the demand of the time. This paper demonstrates a thorough study and analysis of COVID-19 impact on society, nation, and human capital, enabling our policymakers to set the forward path to building a prosperous Bangladesh. The article follows the guideline set by Bangladesh Economic Association. This article’s data and information have been taken from the author’s experience, different internet sources, IEB journals, sharing with stakeholders of various capacities, and interviewing COVID patients. The article concludes that the economic loss and impact on livelihoods are immeasurable. It suggests bringing 100% eligible population under vaccination, adhering to Virtual Media and making it available to marginalised people for education, and organising an online training course to address human development.
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Chakrabarti, Rahul, Robert P. Finger, Ecosse Lamoureux, M. Tauhidul Islam, Mohamed Dirani, Alauddin Bhuiyan, Silvia Z. Islam, Mohamed A. Wahab, and Fakir M. Amirul Islam. "Rationale and methodology for a population-based study of diabetes and common eye diseases in a rural area in Bangladesh: Bangladesh Population based Diabetes and Eye Study (BPDES)." Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science 14, no. 4 (December 11, 2015): 367–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjms.v14i4.25767.

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Objectives: The purpose of this study were (i) to assess the knowledge, attitudes and practice (KAP) and impact of socioeconomic factors upon the prevalence of pre-diabetes and diabetes (ii) compute a diabetes risk score and (iii) estimate the undiagnosed prevalence of hypertension amongst a large adult population in rural Bangladesh. Methods/design: A sample of 3104 adults aged ?30 years were interviewed from a cluster sample of 18 villages in the Banshgram Union of the Narail District, Bangladesh. Each participant was interviewed using a semi-structured questionnaire that assessed participant knowledge, attitudes and practice (KAP) regarding diabetes, its risk factors, complications and management. Data on demographic details, education, socioeconomic status, medical history, dietary and lifestyle behavior was obtained. Fasting capillary glucose, blood pressure, presenting vision and anthropometric parameters were measured. Participants were stratified into those without diabetes, pre-diabetes, and diagnosed diabetes (known and newly diagnosed). The association of KAP components and other risk factors with diabetes status was assessed. Logistic regression analysis allowed for the development of a non-invasive risk-stratification tool to be developed and implemented for the rural Bangladeshi community. Multinomial logistic regression was applied to report the associations of risk factors with the severity of hypertension. Results and discussion: In Banshgram, over 95% people had not undergone any previous diabetes screening. Baseline demographics estimated the prevalence of diabetes in the sample was 3.2% (n=99). 47% of participants had no formal education. Whilst there is literature on the prevalence of diabetes in urban and semi-urban Bangladesh there is a paucity of evidence examining the impact of KAP of diabetes amongst the general community. We believe that the BPDES has developed a methodology to provide new evidence to guide health policy and targeted population-based interventions in these rural areas.Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.14(4) 2015 p.367-375
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Erling, Elizabeth J., Philip Seargeant, and Mike Solly. "English in rural Bangladesh." English Today 30, no. 4 (November 11, 2014): 15–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266078414000352.

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English's elevated status within a global economy of languages means that English-language education is increasingly promoted in international development initiatives in countries such as Bangladesh. This is partly due to a growing conviction that English is able to play an important role in helping people participate in global economic markets from which they have previously been excluded (Seargeant & Erling, 2011). Despite the strong associations made between English-language ability and development, there is at present only limited evidence showing a causal relationship between the two (Erling, forthcoming), while a complex of other issues surrounding the cultural politics of the language also play a role in the social implications of its promotion in such contexts. The aim of this article is to examine how English is perceived in rural Bangladesh by the people at whom such international development programmes are targeted. A broad assumption of such programmes is that English is a positive and, in some sense, necessary resource for development. The article investigates whether this matches the perception of those at whom such projects are aimed, and what it is that these communities feel the language can offer both in practical and in socio-cultural terms for the developmental challenges they face. In order to examine these questions the article draws on results from an ethnographical survey of two rural areas in Bangladesh which investigated the attitudes and aspirations of local community members to the potential impact of English-language education on their social prospects and cultural identities.
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Saha, Shilpi Rani, and Md Mobarak Hossain Khan. "Risk factors for early childhood disability in Bangladesh: Evidence from Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey 2019." PLOS ONE 16, no. 11 (November 4, 2021): e0259532. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0259532.

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Introduction Early childhood is a vital part of human life because most of the brain developments occur in this particular period. Early childhood disability is a significant global public health burden, which can negatively impact the children’s quality of life and their overall productivity. It is also a major social and economic problem in Bangladesh. Therefore, it is very important to understand the associated factors for early childhood disability, which may help disability prevention, better management and policy formulation. The main objective of this study is to investigate the child, family, and community-level factors associated with early childhood disability in Bangladesh. Methods A cross sectional nationally representative data was derived from Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey (MICS), 2019. A total of 14,072 Bangladeshi children under five years of age were selected for this study. Various types of statistical analysis (simple, bivariate, multivariable) were performed. To assess the bivariate relationship between chosen categorical variables (independent) and early childhood disability (dependent), a chi-square test was used. The multivariable ordinal logistic regression was used to find out the association of disability with child, family, and community-level factors. Results The results show that 2.0% of the children have at least one disability and 0.8% have more disabilities. Several factors namely not attending in early childhood education [Odds Ratio (OR) = 0.65; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.13–1.17 Ρ = 0.01], having mother’s functional difficulty (OR = 1.23; 95% (CI) = 0.58–1.88 Ρ <0.001), unhappy mother’s life (OR = 0.85; 95% CI = 0.30–1.39 Ρ <0.001), parents without internet access (OR = 0.68; 95% CI = 0.06–1.29 Ρ = 0.03) and parents using mobile phone (OR = 0.52; 95% CI = 0.09–0.95 Ρ = 0.02) were found to be important for early childhood disability in Bangladesh. Conclusion Early childhood disability is still neglected in Bangladesh and further epidemiological studies are recommended. The findings of this study may help policy makers and relevant stakeholders to develop interventions for reducing the overall burden of early childhood disability.
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Chowdhury, Mohammad Rocky Khan, Russell Kabir, Konstantinos Papadopoulas, SM Yasir Arafat, Manzur Kader, Mohbub Alam, and Md Nazrul Islam Mondal. "Does household food insecurity influence nutritional practice of children age 6 to 23 months in Bangladesh?" South East Asia Journal of Public Health 6, no. 2 (April 22, 2017): 53–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/seajph.v6i2.31836.

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To examine the prevalence of household food insecurity (HHFI) among children aged between 6-23 months in Bangladesh. This paper also aims to identify the individual, household and community levels determinants of HHFI and the association between nutritional behavior and HHFI. Bangladesh Demographic Health Survey (BDHS), 2011 was used for this research. A total of 2,344 children were selected for analysis. Statistical analysis and tests were guided by the nature of the variables. Finally, logistic regression analysis was used to find out the association between independent variables and outcome. The overall prevalence of HHFI was 36.3% (95% CI: 33.6-39.0) among the participants (children). The prevalence of HHFI was significantly higher among children who did not receive nutritional items. In contrast, HHFI was more prevalent among children who were breastfed (37.0%) as compared to non-breastfed. Binary logistic regression analysis showed that children of illiterate mothers (adjusted OR: 2.20, 95% CI: 1.17-4.10), illiterate fathers (adjusted OR: 2.27, 95% CI: 1.41-3.66) and socio-economically poor families (adjusted OR: 11.35, 95% CI: 7.20-17.91) were more at risk of experiencing HHFI, whereas, rural children (adjusted OR: 0.72, 95% CI: 0.57-0.93) were more protective. In the adjusted logistic regression model, children who did not receive juice (adjusted OR: 1.54, 95% CI: 1.09-2.16) had experienced HHFI. The prevalence of HHFI among children is still high in Bangladesh. Therefore, to achieve the Millennium Development Goals, the Government of Bangladesh should priorities HHFI as a major public health issue. Strong collaborations among various stakeholders are also crucial to improve the situation.South East Asia Journal of Public Health Vol.6(2) 2016: 53-60
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Haque, C. Emdad. "Resettlement of development-induced displacees: Emerging issues." Ekistics and The New Habitat 71, no. 427-429 (December 1, 2004): 181–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.53910/26531313-e200471427-429183.

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The author's primary academic interest is to explore the various facets of, and processes in the nature and society interface. His background is in the area of resource and environmental management, with concentrations in environmental risk assessment, hazard and disaster management, and water resource management. He served as the President of the Canadian Association of Geographers, Prairie Division, and Vice President of the International Natural Hazards Society. Dr Haque is the founding President of the Canadian Risk and Hazards Network(CRHNet). He served as an advisor and consultant to several ministries of the provincial government of Manitoba, Public Safety and Emergency Preparedness Canada, the national government of Bangladesh, and United Nations agencies in the fields of social impact assessment, disaster mitigation and emergency management, community-based resource management, sustainable floodplain development and management, and water resource planning and program implementation. The text that follows is a slightly edited and revised version of a paper presented at the international symposion on "The Natural City, " Toronto, 23-25 June, 2004, sponsored by the University of Toronto's Division of the Environment, Institute for Environmental Studies, and the World Society for Ekistics.
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Talukder, Md Azharul Islam, Md Shahjahan, Md Rezwanul Habib, Md Salahuddin, Seikh Masudur Rahman, Md Yousuf Ali, Sirazum Munira, et al. "Production and compositional studies of milk in local Pabna cows of Bangladesh." Asian Journal of Medical and Biological Research 5, no. 1 (April 22, 2019): 48–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ajmbr.v5i1.41044.

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The Pabna is one of the potential local cattle breeds in Bangladesh regarding milk production and its nutritive quality. The aim of the study was to know the effect of lactation length, parity and management on production performance and nutritional/physiochemical composition of the milk of local Pabna cows. Besides the regular milking, 15 days’ interval test day milking was recorded from 12 local Pabna cows with different lactation period (up to fifth month of calving) from BLRI Regional Station, Baghabari during January-September, 2018. In addition, 12 and 16 milk samples (200 ml/sample) were collected from the cows raised at BLRI Regional Station and the community of Dairy Development Research Project at Bera, Pabna district during June, 2018, respectively. Data were analyzed in an ANOVA of Completely Randomized Design and independent sample t-test, respectively, using SAS version 9.1.3 (SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC, USA) including Tukey’s HSD post hoc test to separate means. The average daily milk yield was significantly (p<0.05) higher during the first month (4.62 L) of lactation and the lowest value recorded at 5th month (3.50 L). Among the test days milking better yield observed at 15 days (4.79 L) of experimental lactation period (p<0.05). The effect of lactation stages and parity number had no significant variations (p>0.05) on nutrient compositions of local Pabna cows’ milk in both on-station and community. However, the overall characteristics of milk between on-station and community had significant differences on the composition of total solids (p<0.001), SNF (p<0.001), fat (p<0.01), and protein (p<0.05) where the highest values found as 14.81, 8.65, 6.17 and 3.53% at on-station, respectively. The first month of lactation observed as best milk producing period among the five months and the management system had positive association with milk composition of local Pabna cows. Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. March 2019, 5(1): 48-51
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Hossain, Md Shahadoth, Tasniya Akter, and Md Zafar As Sadiq. "Nutritional Knowledge, WASH Practices of Mothers and Their Impact on the Nutritional Status of Children Aged 6–59 Months in Cumilla District, Bangladesh." European Journal of Nutrition & Food Safety 15, no. 12 (December 30, 2023): 104–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ejnfs/2023/v15i121371.

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Introduction: Child malnutrition is a pressing global public health issue, impacting both immediate health and future development. Adequate nutrition is a crucial aspect of public health, with maternal nutritional knowledge playing a vital role in ensuring optimal growth for children. Insufficient awareness about nutrition, even in households with sufficient resources, can result in poor outcomes for children. Aim: This study aimed to explore the contemporary status of maternal nutritional knowledge, water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) practices and their effect on the nutritional status of children aged 6–59 months in the Cumilla district of Bangladesh. Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was carried out on 386 mother-child (6-59 months) pairs from 7 villages of the Cumilla district, Bangladesh. The study was designed to assess nutritional knowledge, WASH practices of mothers and nutritional status of their children using structured questionnaire and anthropometric measures. Chi square test was performed to investigate the association between maternal nutritional knowledge, WASH practices, and the nutritional status of children. Results: The study revealed, the level of nutritional knowledge was average (72.3%) among mothers. The prevalence of stunting, underweight, wasting and overweight were 38.6%, 16.9%, 11.9%, and 7.8% respectively. A strong relationship was found between nutritional knowledge, WASH practices of mothers and child’s stunting (p<0.05) respectively. Maternal nutritional knowledge also had a strong association with underweight where female child was more prone to underweight than its male counterpart (p<0.05). There was no significant association between maternal nutritional knowledge, WASH practices and wasting (p = 0.224, p = 0.328) respectively. Conclusion: The study revealed elevated rates of stunting and overweight in children compared to the national average, while underweight prevalence was lower and wasting prevalence was similar. Therefore, it is crucial to tackle social and cultural issues and implement effective strategies to enhance maternal nutritional knowledge and WASH practices to mitigate malnutrition in the rural areas of Bangladesh.
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Omi, Fardina Rahman, Lingkan Barua, Palash Chandra Banik, and Mithila Faruque. "A protocol to assess the risk of dementia among patients with coronary artery diseases using CAIDE score." F1000Research 9 (January 25, 2021): 1256. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.25388.2.

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Introduction: The impact of coronary artery disease (CAD) on the later development of dementia is not well studied globally. Therefore, this study aims to determine the long-term risk of dementia using a mobile application-based tool in addition to elucidating the contributing factors among CAD patients. Protocol: This cross-sectional study collected data from 285 stable CAD patients admitted to the “Ibrahim Cardiac Hospital and Research Institute” for coronary revascularization from August 2019 to July 2020. The patients were recruited using a convenient sampling technique due to economic and logistical issues. Data were collected through a face-to-face interview using a pretested semi-structured questionnaire. Physical parameters (blood pressure and anthropometry) were measured while maintaining the adequate privacy of the patients. The biochemical parameters analyzed by the hospital lab were also collected. The next phase of this study involves the use of a mobile application-based tool, “The Cardiovascular Risk Factors, Aging, and Incidence of Dementia (CAIDE)” risk score, to determine the risk factors associated with dementia. In addition, a descriptive statistical and inferential analysis will also be performed to determine the key contributing risk factors linked to the development of dementia. Ethics and dissemination: The study has been reviewed and approved by the Ethical Review Committee of Bangladesh University of Health Sciences. The results will be actively disseminated through peer-reviewed journals, conference presentations, social media, online news portal, the internet, and various community/stakeholder engagement activities. Conclusion: As a baseline study of the country, this study will fill a key knowledge gap in the pathway to the development of better interventions for dementia in Bangladesh. Outcomes from this study will also help with raising awareness on the association of mental health-related issues with cardiovascular diseases so that an improved cardiac rehabilitation program can be implemented in Bangladesh.
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Omi, Fardina Rahman, Lingkan Barua, Palash Chandra Banik, and Mithila Faruque. "A protocol to assess the risk of dementia among patients with coronary artery diseases using CAIDE score." F1000Research 9 (April 22, 2021): 1256. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.25388.3.

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Introduction: The impact of coronary artery disease (CAD) on the later development of dementia is not well studied globally. Therefore, this study aims to determine the long-term risk of dementia using a mobile application-based tool in addition to elucidating the contributing factors among CAD patients. Protocol: This cross-sectional study collected data from 285 stable CAD patients admitted to the “Ibrahim Cardiac Hospital and Research Institute” for coronary revascularization from August 2019 to July 2020. The patients were recruited using a convenient sampling technique due to economic and logistical issues. Data were collected through a face-to-face interview using a pretested semi-structured questionnaire. Physical parameters (blood pressure and anthropometry) were measured while maintaining the adequate privacy of the patients. The biochemical parameters analyzed by the hospital lab were also collected. The next phase of this study involves the use of a mobile application that uses the Cardiovascular Risk Factors, Aging, and Incidence of Dementia (CAIDE) dementia risk score, to determine the risk factors associated with dementia. In addition, a descriptive statistical and inferential analysis will also be performed to determine the key contributing risk factors linked to the development of dementia. Ethics and dissemination: The study has been reviewed and approved by the Ethical Review Committee of Bangladesh University of Health Sciences. The results will be actively disseminated through peer-reviewed journals, conference presentations, social media, online news portal, the internet, and various community/stakeholder engagement activities. Conclusion: As a baseline study of the country, this study will fill a key knowledge gap in the pathway to the development of better interventions for dementia in Bangladesh. Outcomes from this study will also help with raising awareness on the association of mental health-related issues with cardiovascular diseases so that an improved cardiac rehabilitation program can be implemented in Bangladesh.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Community Development Association (Bangladesh)"

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Orange, Nevin. "Culture, participation and community development: A case study of Bangladesh." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/10400.

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The objective of this thesis is to critically examine the notion that "participation" and the other catch phrases found within the language of grass roots development, namely "people's participation", "popular participation", "participatory democracy", "bottom-up" and "self-help" development, etc. are a panaces for development. The position that will be taken is that these concepts and ideas are often "western" in origin and are not always in accordance with the existing structures and socio-cultural values and realities of a given non-western society. In effect, this research will examine and analyse how culture can be seen (from a western perspective) to be an impediment or obstacles to the ideals of "participation" and "grass roots" development, and to critically question and reflect upon the concept of participation and grass roots development in Bangladesh.
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Islam, Md Rezaul. "Indigenous knowledge and globalisation in Bangladesh: NGOs' capacity for social capital and community development." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.508179.

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Iqbal, MD Nasim. "Building a knowledge society: the relationship between information and development in Bangladesh." Thesis, Curtin University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/313.

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The objective of the research is to identify how information can influence development in the developing countries, especially in Bangladesh. A variety of information gathering stages were undertaken including documentary analysis, interviews with key officials, structured interviews with individuals living in rural and urban slum areas and focus groups. Officials at the central planning level responsible for community development and information services in Bangladesh were interviewed to ascertain their views of the relation of information and development in Bangladesh. At the grassroots level both information providers and users were interviewed to collect information relating to the impact of information services on development in rural and poor urban areas of Bangladesh. Structured interviews which allowed for quantitative analysis were undertaken in four remote villages and two poor urban areas. Analysis of the data collected has led to the development of a model for community information centres which might become central to information dissemination and provide a focus for information policy in Bangladesh.
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Mathbor, Golam Mohammed. "The perception of effective community participation, coastal development projects in Bangladesh. a grounded theory study." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape10/PQDD_0010/NQ38452.pdf.

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Shafinaz, Ummul Wara. "Cultural heritage conservation and sustainable urban community in Dhaka: case study with Mirpur Benarashi Palli& Shakhari Bazaar." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2012. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B49885741.

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Sustainable Development is one of the most important arguments now a day. How we can make our world more sustainable in nature is the most significant phenomena for all of us. It is very difficult to transform the old, traditional and historically significant places to a more sustainable and modern in nature without hampering their values and historic resources. Cultural significances of old historic places represent the sense of connectivity and provide a continuation of past experience to the present and future generations (ICOMOS, 1999). These are the old urban characters which shapes the modern urban culture and identity over the time. They should treat as the most important belongings of history to go forward towards more advanced future. Future is always shaped by the past. Hence if we forget our history; it would be very difficult to get proper guidelines for future development. It is necessary for us to preserve our deteriorating heritage resources to develop our own future. However, globalization, rapid and uncontrolled urbanization and technological advancement make these attempt challenging. Urban heritage conservation in a very integrated way would be one of the solutions for conserving old values and ideas with their own traditional nature. Conservation with sustainable manner should be taken as the top priority in all development planning agendas. Moreover, proper urban heritage conservation can help to transform historical places as the source of history, culture and socio-economic advancement for the local community and can change unsustainable community into more sustainable in nature. Dhaka is one of the major old cities in South Asia. It has a various combination of historic places and communities which give Dhaka a unique urban character. It has long history of urbanization and this urban growth pattern has influenced mainly by the topography, socio-economic and socio-cultural characteristics along with inherent morphological quality. However over population growth, uncontrolled urbanization, poor infrastructure facilities and weak urban management contribute to deteriorating these urban heritages rapidly. There are several discussions about urban heritage conservation of developing countries but little discussions have found which has focused on the conservation with empowering local traditional economy to develop the sustainable community. By enhancing local economy through proper planning and policy and promote sustainable tourism can contribute to conserve heritage resources of Dhaka and support sustainable community development. Two historically significant communities are chosen for representing Dhaka‟s heritage which is unique in nature for their traditional professions, significant local arts, handmade crafts, life style, religious and social festivals, urban fabric and built heritage. These are Benarashi Palli at Mirpur and Shakhari Bazaar at old Dhaka. They had a self-sustained economy in the past which becomes declining day by day due to rapid and poor urban development management and ignorance of historical values and ideas. However, still these two communities are trying to survive with their own efforts and make them represented of the glorious past to us. The main focus of this study is to revive their past well-sustained economic conditions with proper conservation of heritage resources and community participation. At the same time explore several guidelines of comprehensive conservation for sustainable urban community in Dhaka. The research identifies that there is a severe lacking of integrated conservation policies in Dhaka. In fact, the importance of heritage conservation is still very far away from national planning policies in Bangladesh. Dhaka has several development control agencies however; they are not so well-integrated and well-organized to provide a comprehensive heritage planning policies for Dhaka as well as Bangladesh. Moreover, incompetent rules and regulations with scattered organizations make this problem more severe. The study has tried to incorporate all these issues and formulate a comprehensive conservation planning for Benarashi Palli and Shakhari Bazaar as well as Dhaka. Furthermore, the study tries to accommodate sustainable tourism for providing a sustainable urban economy which has always ignored in Bangladesh context. However, tourism could be a strong way of promoting heritage conservation in Dhaka which has already followed by many developing countries in South Asia.
published_or_final_version
Urban Planning and Design
Master
Master of Science in Urban Planning
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Iqbal, MD Nasim. "Building a knowledge society: the relationship between information and development in Bangladesh." Curtin University of Technology, Department of Media and Information, 2004. http://espace.library.curtin.edu.au:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=15610.

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The objective of the research is to identify how information can influence development in the developing countries, especially in Bangladesh. A variety of information gathering stages were undertaken including documentary analysis, interviews with key officials, structured interviews with individuals living in rural and urban slum areas and focus groups. Officials at the central planning level responsible for community development and information services in Bangladesh were interviewed to ascertain their views of the relation of information and development in Bangladesh. At the grassroots level both information providers and users were interviewed to collect information relating to the impact of information services on development in rural and poor urban areas of Bangladesh. Structured interviews which allowed for quantitative analysis were undertaken in four remote villages and two poor urban areas. Analysis of the data collected has led to the development of a model for community information centres which might become central to information dissemination and provide a focus for information policy in Bangladesh.
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Hossain, M. B. "Community development for HIV prevention among males who have sex with males in Bangladesh : rhetoric or reality?" Thesis, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (University of London), 2018. http://researchonline.lshtm.ac.uk/4650108/.

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The "Males' Sexual Health Society" (MSHS, pseudonym) has been implementing HIV-prevention programmes for males-who-have-sex-with-males (MSM) in Bangladesh since the 1990s, aiming to employ a community development (CD) approach. MSM refers here to a diversity of homosexually-active biological males with differing gender and sexual identities, so that the focus for 'community development' is not straightforward. This doctoral research aimed to examine how 'community' and 'identity' are constructed by MSHS while using CD as an approach, who holds the dominant power in constructing these concepts, and whether and how participation of different gender and sexual identity groups are ensured by the MSHS. Case-study research focused on MSHS's operations in a city in Bangladesh. Interviews were conducted with beneficiaries, staff and board-members, as well as donors. Documentary analysis and non-participant observations were also employed. The data analysis adopted a social constructionist perspective and used techniques associated with grounded theory. The findings suggest that the agency has focused on constructing a community of 'Kothi', who are feminized males and commonly engaged in sex work. The agency is wielding power to assert the Kothi identity as the pre-eminent basis for community development but some MSM are working within the agency's structure not directly to challenge this dominant discourse but to work with it to broaden it out and reintroduce diverse legitimated identities. The agency founders regarded community development as a means of reducing vulnerability to HIV infection but also as a means of funding and legitimating political organising among local MSM. The agency has enabled the participation of MSM already identifying as Kothi and encouraging some MSM to embrace this identity for the first time. Some beneficiaries reported empowerment for example through vocational education and sexual negotiation skills. Though rhetorically emphasising bottom-up decision-making, in practice power is largely held by the agency's board, top management and increasingly donors. But it is also clear that beneficiaries have not merely been the 'objects' of community development, with some constructing nuanced and contingent identities, for example embracing mixed identities or inviting non-Kothi-identified partners to agency activities. More recently there are concerns that donors' increasing power is hampering the more intangible but perhaps crucial aspects of community development most valued by beneficiaries. In conclusion community development has proceeded in complex ways, enabling as well as directing, and producing diversity as well as cohesion.
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Coetzee, Ilse-Marí. "The assessment of a rural community's needs and expectations regarding a community association." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/50468.

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Thesis (MA)--University of Stellenbosch, 2005.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Community associations and community centres have become a common phenomenon throughout South Africa. The aims of these associations and centres are closely linked to community development. Research has found that activities related to development programmes at such centres come to an end when facilitators hand the programmes over to the community. This was indeed the case at the Darling Focus Association and Centre in Darling. A possible reason for this was that the community's needs and expectations were not being met. The purpose of this study was to establish whether this Community Association and the services, activities and programmes presented at the Centre meet the needs and expectations of the rural community. A literature review was undertaken to present an in-depth look into the body of knowledge surrounding the study. Rural community development and the notion of rural community were discussed, since they create the context in which community associations and community centres function. Special attention was given to the revision of literature on the purposes and functions of community associations and centres. The concepts of community needs and community expectations were reviewed. The literature review concluded with a reference to the sustainability of activities following on training and development programmes based on community needs. The geographically demarcated area of the study was the rural town of Darling, as well as the Darling Focus Association and Centre. A context analysis was done and documents were analysed to gain knowledge of the functioning of the Association and the Centre. The activities, services and programmes offered by the Association at the Centre were established. A survey was undertaken among the Darling community, the members of the management committee of the Darling Focus Association and the participants in activities at the Darling Focus Centre. Samples were selected from these three groups, after which three different questionnaires were designed and tested and finally administered to the three groups. Statistical analysis was carried out on the data gathered during the community survey, and frequency tables and cross-tabulations were constructed. Data gathered from the management and participant surveys was analysed and described using frequency tables. The analysis showed that the community, the members of the management committee and the participants in activities at the Centre had different viewpoints on the functioning of the Association and the Centre. The community survey also revealed the needs of the community for certain activities, services and programmes, as well as their expectations of the Association. Comparisons were made between the needs of the community and the activities, services and programmes offered by the Association. The expectations and viewpoints of the community were also compared with the viewpoints of the management committee members and the participants. The conclusions of the study indicated that the activities, services and programmes offered by the Association at the Centre did not meet the needs of the community, and shortcomings were identified. The viewpoints of the management committee and the participants in activities did not comply with the expectations and viewpoints of the community. It is argued that this might be the reason for the low sustainability of activities, services and programmes of the Association. Recommendations are made to the Association to increase participation within the community and to address the community's needs in order to improve the sustainability of the activities, services and programmes of the Association.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Gemeenskapsverenigings en -sentrums het al 'n algemene verskynsel in Suid-Afrika geword. Die doel van hierdie verenigings en sentrums is nou gekoppel aan gemeenskapsontwikkeling. Navorsing het bevind dat aktiwiteite rondom ontwikkelingsprogramme ophou nadat die fasiliteerders die programme aan die gemeenskap oorgee. Dit is spesifiek gevind in die Darling gemeenskap, by die Darling Fokus Vereniging en Sentrum. 'n Rede vir die verskynsel mag wees dat daar nie aan die gemeenskap se behoeftes en verwagtinge voldoen word nie. Die doel van hierdie studie was om vas te stelof die landelike Gemeenskapsvereniging en die dienste, aktiwiteite en programme wat in die Sentrum aangebied word, aan die behoeftes en verwagtinge van die landelike gemeenskap voldoen. 'n Literatuuroorsig is onderneem om 'n in-diepte verslag te lewer van die literatuur wat die teoretiese onderbou van die studie vorm. Landelike gemeenskapsontwikkeling asook die begrip landelike gemeenskappe, wat die konteks vorm waarbinne landelike gemeenskapsverenigings en -sentrums funksioneer, is bespreek. Spesiale aandag is gegee aan die oorsig oor literatuur aangaande die doel en funksies van gemeenskapsverenigings en -sentrums. Die konsep van gemeenskapsbehoeftes en - verwagtinge is bespreek en die literatuuroorsig is afgesluit met verwysing na die volhoubaarheid van aktiwiteite wat volg op opleidings- en ontwikkelingsprogramme, gebaseer op gemeenskapsbehoeftes. Die geografies-afgebakende studiegebied was die landelike dorpie Darling, asook die Darling Fokus Vereniging en Sentrum. 'n Konteksanalise is gedoen en dokumente is geanaliseer om kennis te bekom van die funksionering van die Vereniging en die Sentrum. Die aktiwiteite, dienste en programme wat die Vereniging aan die gemeenskap by die Gemeenskapsentrum bied, is vasgestel. 'n Opname is verder onderneem onder die Darling gemeenskap, die lede van die bestuurskomitee van die Darling Fokus Vereniging en die deelnemers aan die aktiwiteite by die Darling Fokus Sentrum. Steekproewe is van die drie groepe getrek, drie verskillende vraelyste is ontwerp en getoets en daarna op die drie verskillende groepe toegepas. 'n Statistiese analise is op die data uitgevoer wat in die gemeenskapsopname ingesamel is, en frekwensietabelle en kruistabulasies is opgestel. Data wat in die bestuurs- en deelnemersopnames ingesamel is, is ontleed en met behulp van frekwensietabelle beskryf. Die analises het getoon dat die gemeenskap, die lede van die bestuurskomitee en die deelnemers aan aktiwiteite by die Sentrum verskillende sieninge oor die funksionering van die Vereniging en die Sentrum het. Die gemeenskapsopname het ook die behoeftes van die gemeenskap vir sekere aktiwiteite, dienste en programme, asook hul verwagtinge van die Vereniging, uitgewys. Vergelykings is getref tussen die behoeftes van die gemeenskap en die aktiwiteite, dienste en programme wat deur die Vereniging aangebied word. Die verwagtinge en sieninge van die gemeenskap is ook vergelyk met die sieninge van die bestuurslede en die deelnemers. Die bevindinge van die studie het getoon dat die aktiwiteite, dienste en programme wat die Vereniging aan die gemeenskap bied, nie in die behoeftes van die gemeenskap voorsien nie, en leemtes is geïdentifiseer. Die sieninge van die bestuurskomitee en die deelnemers aan aktiwiteite stem nie ooreen met die verwagtinge en sieninge van die gemeenskap nie. Daar word verder redeneer dat dit moontlik die rede mag wees. vir die lae volhoubaarheid van aktiwiteite, dienste en programme van die Vereniging. Aanbevelings word gemaak vir die Vereniging om die deelname van die gemeenskap te verhoog en om aandag te gee aan die gemeenskap se behoeftes om sodoende die volhoubaarheid van die aktiwiteite, dienste en programme van die Vereniging te verbeter.
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Marwaha, Manisha. "The European Community and South Asia : development, economic cooperation and trade policies with India, Bangladesh, Bhutan, 1973-1993." Thesis, Keele University, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.319028.

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Hamadani, J. D. "Effect of psychosocial stimulation on mental development of malnourished children attending community nutrition centres of Bangladesh Integrated Nutrition Program." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2004. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1446791/.

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This thesis concerns a randomised-controlled trial of the effects of adding psychosocial stimulation to the nutritional treatment of the malnourished children on their development and behaviour. The effect on their mothers' knowledge of parenting was also examined. Moderately and severely malnourished children attending 20 Community Nutrition Centres (CNC) of the Bangladesh Integrated Nutrition Programme (BINP) were enrolled in the study. Subsequently, the CNCs were randomly assigned to intervention and control groups and the malnourished children attending the intervention CNCs participated in an intervention for one year. Another group of adequately nourished children, matched for age (6 months), gender and village was compared with the malnourished children. Preceding the intervention, focus group discussions were held with rural mothers to determine their knowledge and attitudes about child development and the information was used in the design of the intervention. The intervened children were visited at home biweekly and then weekly and mothers attended weekly group meetings at the CNCs. The mothers were shown how to play with their child in such a way as to promote good development. They were also shown how to make toys from the waste materials. On enrolment all children had their mental (MDI) and psychomotor (PDI) development assessed using the Revised Version of Bayley Scales of Infant Development (BSID-II). Their behaviour during the test was rated using Wolke's behaviour rating scale and mothers' knowledge of parenting, health, and hygiene was assessed. All children and mothers were re-evaluated at the end. The children's growth was monitored every three months throughout the study. The intervention significantly benefited mental development of malnourished children and their behaviour compared with the control malnourished children. Their psychomotor development was not affected. The malnourished children came from poorer homes than the adequately nourished children When socioeconomic variables were controlled, the malnourished children initially had significantly poorer levels of psychomotor development than the adequately nourished children. There was no significant difference in their mental development or behaviour. By the end of the study the control malnourished children had significantly lower scores from the adequately nourished children in both their mental and motor development. They also had poorer behaviour. In contrast, the intervened malnourished children were not significantly different in mental development and behaviour from the adequately nourished children but remained behind them in motor development. The mothers of intervened children showed benefits from intervention in knowledge of child rearing. Neither malnourished group improved in nutritional status during the year and the intervention had no effect on their nutritional status It may be concluded that it is feasible to integrate child development activities into the nutrition services in Bangladesh and it is an effective means of improving the development of malnourished children.
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Books on the topic "Community Development Association (Bangladesh)"

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Benini, Aldo Albert. Is empowerment efficient?: A data envelopment analysis of 260 local associations in Bangladesh. Dhaka: RDRS Bangladesh, 2009.

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Benini, Aldo Albert. Is empowerment efficient?: A data envelopment analysis of 260 local associations in Bangladesh. Dhaka: RDRS Bangladesh, 2009.

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Imam, Muhammad Hasan. Prevention of child trafficking and sexual exploitation of children: An evaluation of ACD's Action. Rajshahi: Research, Documentation & Publication Cell, Association for Community Development, 2003.

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Holloway, Richard. Supporting citizens' initiatives: Bangladesh's NGOs and society. London: Intermediate Technology Publications, 1998.

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Holloway, Richard. Supporting citizen's initiatives: Bangladesh's NGOs and society. Dhaka: University Press, 1998.

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Wood, Geoffrey D. Bangladesh, whose ideas, whose interests? Dhaka, Bangladesh: University Press, 1994.

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(Uganda), Private Sector Foundation. Business Association & community development awards 2010. Kampala]: PSF, 2010.

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Afolayan, Samuel O. Community mobilization for rural development in Bangladesh: Lessons for Nigeria. Ilorin, Nigeria: Agricultural & Rural Management Training Institute, 1995.

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Ahmad, Mokbul Morshed. NGO field workers in Bangladesh. Aldershot, Hants, England: Ashgate, 2002.

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Conference, Bangladesh Sociological Association. Sociology and development: Bangladesh perspectives : proceedings of Bi-annual Conference of Sociological Association. Dhaka: Bangladesh Sociological Association, 1990.

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Book chapters on the topic "Community Development Association (Bangladesh)"

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Cook, Ian Gillespie, Jamie P. Halsall, and Paresh Wankhade. "Bangladesh." In Sociability, Social Capital, and Community Development, 83–94. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-11484-2_7.

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Cumming, Lawrence S. "Community Development Resource Association." In International Encyclopedia of Civil Society, 1–3. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-99675-2_334-1.

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Franco, Raquel Campos, Lili Wang, Pauric O’Rourke, Beth Breeze, Jan Künzl, Chris Govekar, Chris Govekar, et al. "Community Development Resource Association (CDRA)." In International Encyclopedia of Civil Society, 530–31. New York, NY: Springer US, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-93996-4_334.

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Karim, Md Enayet, Rahanul Islam, Atiqul Haq Mazumder, and S. M. Yasir Arafat. "Community Psychiatry in Bangladesh: Development and Current Status." In Mental Health in Bangladesh, 129–37. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-97-0610-5_8.

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Riddell, Roger C., Mark Robinson, John De Coninck, Ann Muir, and Sarah White. "Bangladesh." In Non—Governmental Organizations and Rural Poverty Alleviation, 101–37. Oxford University PressOxford, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198233305.003.0007.

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Abstract The increasing favour of non—governmental approaches within the international community has been reflected in mushrooming growth for NGOs in Bangladesh. The variety of organizations and ways in which they are registered means that it is possible only to estimate the figures involved. The NGO coordinating body, ADAB (Association for Development Agencies in Bangladesh), reported in 1990 that it had registered around 550 local—level NGOs engaged in development activities and 316 national and foreign NGOs receiving foreign donations. With many provisos about the hazards involved in making such estimates, this suggests that throughout the country there may be perhaps 2 million NGO group members. Even if this figure is anywhere near accurate, however, the uneven distribution of NGOs around the country needs to be borne in mind. There is a high correlation between accessibility to the major metropolitan centres and concentration of NGO activity; there is also a noticeable association between density of NGOs and communities of Christians, since many of the NGO funding agencies have some form of Church links.
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"No. 26410. International Development Association and Bangladesh." In Treaty Series 1523, 227–28. UN, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.18356/9419bc0c-en-fr.

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"No. 38106. International Development Association and Bangladesh." In Treaty Series 2170, 469. UN, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.18356/4decb4dd-en-fr.

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"No. 30195. International Development Association and Bangladesh." In United Nations Treaty Series, 37–38. UN, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.18356/4f00c8aa-en-fr.

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"No. 28091. International Development Association and Bangladesh." In United Nations Treaty Series, 243–44. UN, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.18356/3487c43e-en-fr.

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"No. 45999 International Development Association and Bangladesh." In United Nations Treaty Series, 53. UN, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.18356/54309b04-en-fr.

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Conference papers on the topic "Community Development Association (Bangladesh)"

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Lai, Jiin-Chyuan Mark, Chiung-Ling Wang, and Ming-Yuan Hsieh. "An Essential Study on IoT Applications on Community Development Association Development Advancement." In IEEE ICEIB 2023. Basel Switzerland: MDPI, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/engproc2023038035.

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Sunaryo, B. "Community Empowerment Model through Community-Based Tourism Development With SDGS Approach in Selangan Village, Bontang City, East Kalimantan Province." In Indonesian Petroleum Association 42nd Annual Convention and Exhibition. Indonesian Petroleum Association, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.29118/ipa19.o.334.

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Eroğlu, Feyzullah, Hatice Çoban, and Mustafa Koç. "A Research on Community Development and Women Entrepreneurship." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c06.01307.

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Although Turkish economy system was based on a patriarchal community for a long time, Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, founder of Modern Turkish Republic, has been promoted innovative policies for female citizens to incorporate them into social and economic life. Thanks to those policies, crucial changes have emerged especially for well-educated and cultivated ''urban women''. In this respect, conventional social construct and economic system have been a burden for some of those ''urban women''. They both took care of their families and joined the economic system and raised their career expectations. In recent years, there are some entrepreneurship curriculums and financial support projects has been launched for women who would like to take an active role in business life. Those projects provide opportunity for Turkish women to create their own business instead of working as employees. First of all, literature review on ''community development'' and ''women entrepreneurship'' was conducted in this study. Those issues considered as not only an economic issue but also social and psychological behavioral processes usually by using macro-sociological analysis method. Secondly, an empirical research performed in Denizli province, in which considerable economic moves have been realized in recent years. In this context, qualifications of women entrepreneurs who set up a business afterwards of financial and educational supports of governmental and non-governmental organizations such as Denizli Chamber of Commerce, Denizli Entrepreneurial Association, Association of Eurasian Executives and Businessmen were introduced. Furthermore, women entrepreneurs evaluated by quantitative comparison according to years.
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Schmidt, Karen, Wouter Bam, Philani Nduna Zincume, and Karolien De Bruyne. "The Forest Industry and Development Within South Africa and Other Southern African Development Community Countries." In 2022 IEEE 28th International Conference on Engineering, Technology and Innovation (ICE/ITMC) & 31st International Association For Management of Technology (IAMOT) Joint Conference. IEEE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ice/itmc-iamot55089.2022.10033218.

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Rukmini, Bhisma Murti, and Nunuk Suryani Nunuk Suryani. "ASSOCIATION BETWEEN MATERNAL EDUCATION, FAMILY INCOME, AND INFANT DEVELOPMENT, IN COMMUNITY HEALTH CENTER PENELEH, SURABAYA." In INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON PUBLIC HEALTH. Graduate Studies in Public Health, Graduate Program, Sebelas Maret University Jl. Ir Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126. Telp/Fax: (0271) 632 450 ext.208 First website:http//:s2ikm.pasca.uns.ac.id Second website: www.theicph.com. Email: theicph2016@gmail.com, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.26911/theicph.2016.052.

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Rahman, Md Mizanoor, Manas Ranjan Panigrahi, and Santosh Panda. "Study on Development of ICT-Enabled Vocational Education at the Bangladesh Open University." In Tenth Pan-Commonwealth Forum on Open Learning. Commonwealth of Learning, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.56059/pcf10.2796.

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Around the globe, ICT is making major differences in the teaching-learning approaches and assessment. In line with this, Bangladesh implements ICT in education through its Access to Information (a2i) Programme, and puts emphasis on skilling people by using ICT for supporting SDGs by its ministries and associated agencies. In response to this, Bangladesh Open University in association with the Commonwealth Educational Media Centre for Asia (CEMCA/ COL) implements the project entitled ‘Impacting Education and Open Schooling through OER- Making a Difference among the Learners’. This research paper forms part of an action research under this project, and focuses on identifying the policy gaps and tutors’ attitudes towards ICT-enabled vocational education and training (VET) for skilling the disadvantaged learners. Desktop approach on open source materials was deployed for identifying the policy gap, and survey approach was used to collect 180 tutors’ attitude to ICT-enabled VET. Analysis of literature and reports indicate that Bangladesh possesses significant advantage due to the availability of ICT infrastructure for implementing ICT-enabled VET. The results also showed that tutors had a positive attitude towards the use of ICT in vocational education, and it’s use to help tutors be more effective in VET tutorials and in improving student learning. The results have been further interpreted in relation to the existing national and institutional policies and practices.
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Chen, Keying, Kunpeng Shao, and Fangtong Wang. "Gender Stereotype in School: Using Implicit Association Test (IAT) to Investigate Gender-Major Stereotype in Chinese Community." In 2021 International Conference on Social Development and Media Communication (SDMC 2021). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.220105.067.

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Earnshaw, Jacob, Nicholas Syortiuk, Oliver Duncan, Lukasz Kaczmarczyk, Fabrizio Scarpa, and Stefan Szyniszewski. "Metamaterials genome: progress towards a community toolbox for ai metamaterials discovery." In UK Association for Computational Mechanics Conference 2024. Durham University, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.62512/conf.ukacm2024.025.

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Understanding the limits of the design space is a key aspect in optimising complex hierarchical structures and is vital for exploring and designing novel Metamaterials. Simultaneously, abundant data (mostly text, images, and location) aggregated by multinational corporations accelerated the development of machine learning and artificial intelligence technologies. Although increasingly conceptually advanced, the origins of machine learning can be traced back to traditional statistical methods and datacentric analysis. These techniques have been used in fields where establishing relationships and using differential equations or closed-form descriptions have been challenging due to the systems’ complexity. However, well-established and validated physics-based modelling tools offer direct solutions for various physical domains relevant to metamaterials. What is the right place for the emerging machine learning techniques in that context?
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Wang, Jing, Matt Mitchell, Tanushree Charan, Brian Ball, Nathan Moore, and Shadi Abdel Haleem. "Development of a sizing and modeling platform for district energy systems with geothermal heat pumps." In International Ground Source Heat Pump Association. International Ground Source Heat Pump Association, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.22488/okstate.24.000001.

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Existing tools for community or urban-scale energy system modeling and simulation are often limited in their capabilities and require expert-level proficiency to develop system models. To address this gap, we propose an integrated sizing and modeling platform for district energy systems with geothermal heat pumps. The platform uses geometric and non-geometric user inputs related to the buildings, borefield, and district energy loop, sizes the geothermal heat exchanger, generates a corresponding district energy system model, and runs an annual simulation automatically. The borefield component model on our platform was validated against EnergyPlus to ensure reliable simulation performance. This paper includes a case study demonstrating the workflow and plausibility of the simulation results using the proposed platform.
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Lucas, Jennifer, Miguel Marino, Michelle Trivedi, Roopradha Datta, Steffani Bailey, David Ezekiel-Herrera, Sophia Giebultowicz, and John Heintzman. "Association of Early Childhood Wheeze and Asthma Development by Race/Ethnicity/Language in Community Health Center Patients." In NAPCRG 50th Annual Meeting — Abstracts of Completed Research 2022. American Academy of Family Physicians, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1370/afm.21.s1.3767.

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Reports on the topic "Community Development Association (Bangladesh)"

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Amin, Sajeda, Johana Ahmed, Jyotirmoy Saha, Md Hossain, and Eashita Haque. Delaying child marriage through community-based skills-development programs for girls: Results from a randomized controlled study in rural Bangladesh. Population Council, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/pgy9.1009.

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Manioli, Julia, Patrick Pikacha, and Brian Weeks. Tetepare: Community Conservation in Melanesia. American Museum of Natural History, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.5531/cbc.ncep.0019.

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Tetepare, an island in the Western Province of the Solomon Islands, is the largest uninhabited tropical island in the Southern Hemisphere. Tetepare has a largely intact wilderness, with remarkable biodiversity of globally significant conservation importance. This case study explores the biodiversity of Tetepare and efforts to maintain Tetepare as “the last wild island.” In response to threats by the extractive logging industry, the landowners of the island – Solomon Islanders descended from Tetepare’s original inhabitants - formed what is today known as the Tetepare Descendants’ Association (TDA), an organization that manages and conserves the island and its resources. TDA members receive benefits through a community conservation agreement (CCA): in return for conserving the land and rejecting all commercial exploitative industries, members receive benefits including scholarships, sustainable livelihood development, and employment opportunities. Tetepare’s conservation serves as an example of landowners successfully leveraging their natural inheritance to sustainably meet the economic needs of their communities without sacrificing the natural heritage of future generations.
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Biswas, Anik, and Wahid bin Ahsan. Innovative Teaching and Student Engagement in Bangladesh: Policy Implications. Userhub, October 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.58947/hlbr-qvzm.

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This qualitative case study investigates teaching practices and student engagement in government primary schools in southwestern Bangladesh, focusing on classes 1 to 3. Employing in-depth interviews with 14 teachers, students, and parents, the study reveals the limitations of traditional teaching methods and highlights the efficacy of innovative, participatory approaches in enhancing student engagement. Key challenges, such as inconsistent electricity supply and inadequate teacher training, impede the effective integration of technology and innovative pedagogy, particularly in rural settings. The study also uncovers socio-economic factors, like limited parental involvement, that further constrain student engagement. These findings advocate for comprehensive educational reforms encompassing pedagogical innovation, infrastructural development, and community engagement. Policymakers, educators, and parents are urged to consider these multi-faceted insights for future educational planning and policy formulation.
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Khetarpal, Ravinder Kumar. Improving phytosanitary trade compliance in Bangladesh. Life of project report - 01.01.2021 to 09.30.2022. Euphresco, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/20240285210.

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The USDA's Trade and Regulatory Capacity Building Division (TRCBD) partnered with APAARI to assist Bangladesh's Department of Agricultural Extension (DAE) in improving compliance with international phytosanitary standards under the project "Improving Phytosanitary and Trade Compliance in Bangladesh," initiated on 23 November 2020. The project aimed to enhance collaboration among stakeholders, strengthen the institutional capacity of Bangladesh's NPPO, raise awareness on trade-related issues and promote regulatory harmonization for biopesticide registration. Key achievements from November 2020 to September 2022 included establishment of the intradepartmental community on plant quarantine facilitation within DAE, formation of a steering committee co-chaired by USDA and DAE officials and development of 3 standard operating procedures for pest management. Public awareness was increased through various media channels, and a WhatsApp group was created for SPS stakeholders. Amendments to the Plant Quarantine Act were proposed and reviewed with input from legal and technical experts. The project also established a virtual SPS training hub and conducted 17 capacity-building programs, including technical training on various phytosanitary subjects and workshops on biopesticide regulatory harmonization. Despite challenges due to the COVID-19 pandemic and issues beyond the project's control, significant progress was made, contributing to the overall success of the initiative.
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Clark-Wilson, Alison, Shakil Ahmed, Tom Kaye, and Asma Zubairi. A Theory of Change for Teachers towards a Technology-Enhanced Education System in Bangladesh. EdTech Hub, March 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.53832/edtechhub.0088.

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In November 2020, UNICEF requested support from EdTech Hub to help the Government of Bangladesh improve the reach, effectiveness, and inclusiveness of the programme of activities proposed in the government’s Covid-19 Response and Recovery Plan: Education Sector (⇡Ministry of Primary and Mass Education, 2020). At that time, this plan led to a wide and diverse range of programmes initiated by the government and other stakeholders. As a result, EdTech Hub worked with the government and other stakeholders to rapidly create A Theory of Change (TOC) for a technology-enhanced education system (⇡Clark-Wilson et al., 2021). While acknowledging that parents, caregivers, teachers, school, and community leaders are also key stakeholders, the first TOC focused on learners as, ultimately, the desired impacts of a technology-enhanced education system are directed towards learners’ educational outcomes. One recommendation of the earlier working paper was that a TOC should also be developed that focused on teachers as key agents in the development of a technology-enhanced education system for the country. The process to develop this second TOC comprised a desktop review, interviews, and two stakeholder consultation workshops. The resulting teacher-centred TOC draws on existing theory and practice as well as stakeholders’ assumptions of how the evolving technology-enhanced teacher professional development offer might achieve its goals — and what conditions need to be in place to achieve this. This working paper documents and explains the teacher-centred TOC. An output of the EdTech Hub, https://edtechhub.org
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Clark-Wilson, Alison, Shakil Ahmed, Tom Kaye, and Asma Zubairi. A Theory of Change for Teachers towards a Technology-Enhanced Education System in Bangladesh. EdTech Hub, March 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.53832/edtechhub.0088.

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In November 2020, UNICEF requested support from EdTech Hub to help the Government of Bangladesh improve the reach, effectiveness, and inclusiveness of the programme of activities proposed in the government’s Covid-19 Response and Recovery Plan: Education Sector (⇡Ministry of Primary and Mass Education, 2020). At that time, this plan led to a wide and diverse range of programmes initiated by the government and other stakeholders. As a result, EdTech Hub worked with the government and other stakeholders to rapidly create A Theory of Change (TOC) for a technology-enhanced education system (⇡Clark-Wilson et al., 2021). While acknowledging that parents, caregivers, teachers, school, and community leaders are also key stakeholders, the first TOC focused on learners as, ultimately, the desired impacts of a technology-enhanced education system are directed towards learners’ educational outcomes. One recommendation of the earlier working paper was that a TOC should also be developed that focused on teachers as key agents in the development of a technology-enhanced education system for the country. The process to develop this second TOC comprised a desktop review, interviews, and two stakeholder consultation workshops. The resulting teacher-centred TOC draws on existing theory and practice as well as stakeholders’ assumptions of how the evolving technology-enhanced teacher professional development offer might achieve its goals — and what conditions need to be in place to achieve this. This working paper documents and explains the teacher-centred TOC. An output of the EdTech Hub, https://edtechhub.org
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Yonally, Emilie, Nadia Butler, Santiago Ripoll, and Olivia Tulloch. Review of the Evidence Landscape on the Risk Communication and Community Engagement Interventions Among the Rohingya Refugees to Enhance Healthcare Seeking Behaviours in Cox's Bazar. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), July 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/sshap.2021.032.

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This report is the first output in a body of work undertaken to identify operationally feasible suggestions to improve risk communication and community engagement efforts (RCCE) with displaced Rohingya people in Cox’s Bazar. Specifically, these should seek to improve healthcare seeking behaviour and acceptance of essential health services in the camps where the Rohingya reside. It was developed by the Social Science in Humanitarian Action Platform (SSHAP) at the request of the UK Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Office in Bangladesh. As a first step in this process, this review paper synthesises and assesses the quality of evidence landscape available in Cox’s Bazar and how the Rohingya seek and access healthcare services in Cox’s Bazar and presents the findings from key informant interviews on the topic. Findings are structured in five discussion sections: (1) evidence quality; (2) major themes and variations in the evidence; (3) learnings drawn and recommendations commonly made; (4) persistent bottlenecks; and (5) areas for further research. This synthesis will inform a roundtable discussion with key actors working for the Rohingya refugees to identify next steps for RCCE and research efforts in Cox’s Bazar to improve health outcomes among the Rohingya.
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Yunus, Raudah Mohd, Pauline Oosterhoff, Charity Jensen, Nicola Pocock, and Francis Somerwell. Modern Slavery Prevention and Responses in Myanmar: An Evidence Map. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), November 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/clarissa.2020.002.

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This Emerging Evidence Report describes the availability of evidence on modern slavery interventions in Myanmar presented in the programme's interactive Evidence Map. This report on Myanmar uses the same methodology and complements the evidence map on interventions to tackle trafficking, child and forced labour in South Asia for Nepal, India, Pakistan, and Bangladesh. The Evidence Map provides an outline of where evidence is concentrated and where it is missing by mapping out existing and ongoing impact evaluations and observational studies exploring different types of modern slavery interventions and outcomes for specific target populations (survivors, employers, landlords, service providers, criminal justice officials) and at different levels (individual, community, state). It also identifies key ‘gaps’ in evidence. Both the Evidence Map and this report foremost target the UK Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Office (FCDO) and its partners in the CLARISSA research programme to support evidence-informed policymaking on innovations to reduce the worst forms of child labour. We hope that it is also useful to academics and practitioners working to address modern slavery, or in the intervention areas and locations described.
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Ahmed AlGarf, Yasmine. Harnessing the Power of the Collective: The Women’s Handicrafts Production Cooperative in Aswan, Egypt. Oxfam IBIS, August 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21201/2021.7857.

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The Women’s Handicrafts Production Cooperative is a success story that has transformed the lives of its members, who had been finding it hard to obtain employment. They are now focused on creating their own enterprise. Started in 2018, today the cooperative’s membership has expanded tenfold and created employment opportunities by using the principles of social solidarity economy and collective business models. The Youth Participation and Employment (YPE) project in Egypt, developed in partnership with the Better Life Association for Community Development (BLACD), provided technical training to the cooperative in handicrafts production, as well as life skills training, to empower the workers to continue despite all the societal pressure for them to give up. Assistance from BLACD came in when it was needed. Particularly during the COVID-19 crisis, with the tourism market shut down, BLACD has provided crucial technical advice and support, supporting the cooperative to brainstorm and identify several parallel income-generating activities. This case study contains some testimonies from members of the cooperative on how their collective strength was harnessed to create employment and income.
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Santhya, K. G., A. J. Francis Zavier, Shilpi Rampal, and Avishek Hazra. Promoting safe overseas labour migration: Lessons from ASK’s safe migration project in India. Population Council, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/sbsr2022.1038.

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More than a quarter of all overseas Indians resided in Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries in 2020. Migration to Gulf countries is dominated by unskilled and semi-skilled workers who work on a contract basis and who must return home once their contract expires. The Indian government has introduced measures to promote safe overseas migration for work, but labor exploitations in the India-GCC migration corridors are widely documented. The Global Fund to End Modern Slavery (GFEMS) in partnership with the Norwegian Agency for Development Cooperation (Norad) supported the Association for Stimulating Know-how (ASK) in pilot-testing a project to build a safe labor migration ecosystem in source communities in Bihar and Uttar Pradesh, India. The project established Migrant Resource Centres (MRCs), integrated six intervention activities, and worked with Civil Society Organizations to build their internal systems and resilience to establish, sustain, and effectively run MRCs and provide services. The Population Council in partnership with GFEMS and Norad undertook a community-based quantitative study to assess male migrants’ awareness of and engagement with ASK’s project. The success in improving male migrants’ knowledge about safe migration pathways was also examined.
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