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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Community centres'
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Lam, Siu-ling Shirley. "The role of government in community building : management of community centres and community halls /." [Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong], 1993. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B1363687X.
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Lam, Siu-ling Shirley, and 林少玲. "The role of government in community building: management of community centres and community halls." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1993. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31964515.
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Paczkowski, Piotr. "Fika Commons: Hybrid community centres for Västerbotten's peripheries." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Arkitekthögskolan vid Umeå universitet, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-108600.
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Changes in demogaphics, employment and shopping habits, triggered by urbanisation and increasing mobility are important factors influencing Swedish countryside. Answering the changing conditions is especially important in the northermost counties, with very low population density and large distances between settlements. Within the peripheries of V.sterbotten the availability of basic social and commercial services is decreasing, as the economic viability of such businesses is too low and the former commercial model became unsustainable. Most of the service functions are associated to local grocery stores, and when one is forced to close down, the village loses not only its access to basic services, but most of all a meeting point for the community. The supply of food and errands is not a problem for the inhabitants, but the need for social activities and access to a neutral ground to meet the neighbours remains unresolved. This thesis is investigating possible alternatives and proposing new models of hybrid service centres for rural communities of V.sterbotten, that are capable of uplifting the countryside by focusing on the most important aspect: the people.
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Johnston, Corrine W. "Whither the community in community health centres?, the limits of primary care reform." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape10/PQDD_0005/NQ41181.pdf.
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Khumalo, Four-ten Enock. "Methods of assessing learning needs for community education programs." Thesis, University of Pretoria, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/29818.
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Lou, Kong-sang. "User empowerment in the users' councils of Caritas neighbourhood elderly centres and district elderly community centres /." View the Table of Contents & Abstract, 2006. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B36784254.
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Lou, Kong-sang, and 劉港生. "User empowerment in the users' councils of Caritas neighbourhood elderly centres and district elderly community centres." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2006. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B45014553.
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Bryant, Sharon, and mindstream@optusnet com au. "Community Foundations: The Asset-based Development of an Australian Community Organisation as a Foundational Source for Sustainable Community Development." RMIT University. Management, 2007. http://adt.lib.rmit.edu.au/adt/public/adt-VIT20080130.162112.
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This study seeks to uncover the opportunities and challenges in building the foundations for sustainable community development at the local level, by enhancing the capacity of a community organisation. Challenging the traditional needs-based focus of community development, the research builds from the work of Kretzmann and McKnight by applying an asset-based approach to both community development and capacity building of community organisations. This study thus shifts the focus of community development away from its traditional application on
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Larney, Redewan. "ABET programmes at community learning centres in the Western Cape." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2006. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_6055_1194348734.
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The problem that gave rise to this study was to determine how Adult Basic Education and Training (ABET) was implemented in the Western Cape and to find answers to the question of "
what exactly is the nature of the relationship between adult education and training"
?
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Bresick, Graham. "A study of continuity in Cape Town community health centres." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/9358.
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Includes bibliographical references.This study sought to determine: i) the extent of continuity in Cape Town public sector clinics; ii) patients' views of continuity; iii) senior managers ideas of how continuity can be improved; iv) clinical managers' views of a proposed practice team model to improve continuity. Continuity, defined as present if patients saw the same doctor for at least 80% of visits in a 2 year period, was present for less than 9% of patients.
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Bester, Andries Jacobus. "Guidelines for structuring and managing multi-purpose community learning centres." Diss., Pretoria : [s.n.], 2000. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-12092005-123401.
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Wongchachom, Chumnong. "An investigation into a community information database system in the northeast of Thailand: Community empowerment through community learning centres." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2006. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/104.
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Following the economic downturn in the late 1990s the Government of Thailand restructured the economy resulting in rapid economic recovery. The society now needs developments to project it into the Information Age. This study is but one creative response to this need. To initiate the study, an extensively validated Questionnaire was implemented with a snowball sample comprising 500 representative, non-randomised respondents from the four provinces of the Inpeng Community Network (ICN). The purpose of the Questionnaire was to ascertain levels of information needs and local knowledge, and to identify ten local experts from ICN for subsequent In-depth Interviews. Data obtained in this way were analysed then classified into a retrievable form of knowledge. A model community information database system (CIDS) was then designed, installed and trialled with a convenience sample of 165 variously prepared respondents using computers in six CLC. Semi-structured Interviews then provided additional data on information needs and refinement of the model CIDS. Respondents saw this refined CIDS as having the potential to be emulated by other rural communities, and in particular, to be a valuable technological tool suitable for dissemination throughout ICN. Respondents believed that community development and empowerment would be enhanced by CIDS, enabling individual problems to be dealt with effectively, and sustainable development to be achieved.
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Wongchachom, Chumnong. "An investigation into a community information database system in the northeast of Thailand community empowerment through community learning centres /." Connect to thesis, 2006. http://portal.ecu.edu.au/adt-public/adt-ECU2006.0018.html.
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Bailur, Savita. "The complexities of "community participation" in community multimedia centres : the case of Namma Dhwani in India." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.551338.
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In the last decade, community multimedia centres (centres integrating computers with other technologies such as community radio) have been established in developing countries by governments, development organisations and NGOs. It is often argued that these need greater "community participation" in order to be locally relevant and sustainable. Yet, this research argues there is insufficient discussion on what constitutes community, and how processes of participation occur in these initiatives. The key research questions of this thesis ask: what is meant by community participation here? What is meant by a "community"? How does a community "participate"? The thesis also reviews telecentres and community radio as components of CMCs. The research begins by briefly reviewing the democratic principles of participation and debates on its process and value in information systems, development and community media. These discussions are then applied to assumptions in CMCs, telecentres and community radio: the notion of a holistic community or definitive "local culture", the idea that stakeholders can be identified, that participation is directly empowering or disempowering, and that the intermediary simply channels equitable participation. Instead, this thesis applies three middle range theories- the influence of social networks, Erving Gottman's performance and Judith Butler's performativity - to argue that participation is not only heavily influenced by the networks actors belong to, but that as these networks are cognitive, community, participation, and community participation are constructs which are performed in multiple, dynamic ways. Thereby, community and participation are not easily and objectively defined, but constantly performed by actors linguistically and spatially to justify their practices. This argument is made using an interpretive case study of the UNESCO supported Namma Dhwani CMC in the Indian village of Budhikote, researched principally over six months in 2006. Narrative analysis in particular illustrates the fluid ontology of actors when discussing community and participation. Policy implications include the need for deeper understandings of the communicative ecologies of community media sites, e.g., by using ethnographic action research.
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Walker, Peter E., and n/a. "Power relationships and community law centres in Dunedin : power relationships between community organisations, their communities and their funding bodies : specifically focusing on community law centres in Dunedin and the Legal Services Board." University of Otago. Department of Social Work and Community Development, 1997. http://adt.otago.ac.nz./public/adt-NZDU20070528.124321.
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This research engages critically with major public sector accountability theories in relation to the development of law centres in Aotearoa/New Zealand (and comparative international examples) focusing on the two centres in Otago, the Ngai Tahu Maori Law Centre and the Dunedin Community Law Centre.
Definitions of accountability are argued to be embedded within theoretical discourses which produce definable models of accountability corresponding to these theoretical statements. Case studies of the discourses of both law centres and their funding bodies are described and contrasted in terms of their views of the role of law centres, interaction with various interest groups and their accountability relationships. The data identifies a desire of both community law centres to engage with a communitarian, �bottom-up�, model of accountability, in contrast to the former social democratic-bureaucratic and current liberal �stakeholder� and �contract� models of the official funding agencies. The current dominance of the liberal �stakeholder� discourse is seen as based on professional power, hierarchical legal structure and control of funding. It is argued that any shift in the dominance of power relationships surrounding community law centres in Aotearoa/New Zealand would entail a strengthening of ties and links with the community, through seeking alternative power supports, a participatory structure and locally controlled funding.
Keywords: accountability; power relationships; community law centres; dominance; community.
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Higuchi, Michiyo. "Improving the use of medicines in community health centres, Timor-Leste." Thesis, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (University of London), 2008. http://researchonline.lshtm.ac.uk/1300445/.
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While access to essential medicines has become recognised as a human right, problems concerning the inappropriate use of medicines have emerged. Medicines lose their therapeutic value and can impair both individual health and public health if inappropriately used. Inappropriate use of medicines diminishes the quality of healthcare and causes resources to be wasted, which is especially serious in under-resourced countries. To improve the use of medicines, the introduction of standard treatment guidelines (STGs) is suggested as a potential strategy. The aim of this DrPH thesis is to study the use of medicines, focusing on adherence to new STGs in Community Health Centers (CHCs) in Timor-Leste. The country is now trying to establish an equitable and sustainable healthcare system under extremely resource-limited conditions. The study used mixed research methods, collecting data from randomly selected 20 rural CHCs, 1,799 retrospective samples from patient registration books, 583 prospective observations, and 55 semi-structured interviews of health personnel were collected. Timor-Leste's medicine use was found, in general, to be acceptable. For example, use of injections was extremely low. Training, especially clinical nurse training, influenced knowledge of, attitudes to, and practical use of medicines and also prescribing adherence to STGs. Other factors that influenced the use of STGs were: health personnel's agreement with the policy concept and contents of STGs; health personnel's positive perception of the changes brought about by the introduction of STGs; development of STGs in a health policy framework: the fact that their STGs were easy to use repeatedly; and a supportive environment and systems to use STGs. Constant socialisation and timely updates of STGs are necessary. Interrelation and consistency across policies and programs should be maintained. The position of training within the health policy framework should be clearly understood by the all people concerned. Follow-up supervision is needed both for individuals and the CHC. Anticipated support should be well functioning.
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Burdett, Julia. "Professional accountability and community control in legal services provision : a study of Community Law Centres in England." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2004. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/1734/.
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This thesis is about the organization of Community Law Centres (CLCs). They are established to provide legal services for those unable to pay for them in areas of legal practice of particular importance to those whose social and economic situations prevent them from exercising their rights. They were founded on the belief that their resources, human and material, should be managed and controlled by management committees made up of representatives of those who would use them, their "client community". This study aims to explore how this has been done. The context for this study is set out in Chapters One and Two. Chapter One explores the historical, theoretical and conceptual roots of CLCs, identifies operational dilemmas and challenges discussed in the literature, and establishes a conceptual framework and the research question. The review of the literature revealed that the principal organizational dilemmas facing CLCs might be conceputalized as "professional accountability" and "community control". These twin concepts have focused this research. Chapter Two discusses the methodological issues associated with the conduct of qualitative case study research. It establishes the research framework and approach for the field work and data analysis in this study. It also explains the basis for the selection of the four case organizations. Chapters Three to Seven report and discuss the data. Chapter Three discusses the manifest organizational features of the cases, observing their similarities and differences, and is mainly based on data from documents. Chapters Four to Seven address the organizational issues emerging from the data from interviews with organizational participants. Chapter Four focuses on the perceived roles and relationships of management committees. Chapters Five and Six are concerned with the roles and relationships of paid staff and volunteers respectively. Chapter Seven identifies specific environmental factors and examines their impact on the cases. Finally, Chapter Eight reconsiders the data in light of the conceptual framework - "professional accountability" and "community control" - and proposes a new conceptualization of organizational relationships in CLCs. It also identifies some implications of the study for practitioners and makes some suggestions for further research.
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Sebeh, Alaa Galal. "Evaluation of community based rehabilitation for disabled children in urban slums in Egypt." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.362828.
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Ng, Wai-hung Edward. "An exploratory study of the factors affecting community centres in delivering services to new immigrants." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1998. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B20129786.
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Gordon, Roberta June. "Pregnant women's perception and application of health promotion messages at community health centres." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2005. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&.
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Studies have shown that pregnant women do understand and value information of their unborn child. However, those providing health promotion services often focus on medical procedures and health education messages, ignoring the cultural, socio-economic and psychological dimensions that impact on women's health. This research aimed to look at a specific component of health promotion, i.e. health promotion messages shared with pregnant women attending Stellenbosch and Klapmuts Community Health Centre Antenatal Health Promotion Programme and their perceptions of how they apply messages in their daily lives.
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Rhoda, Anthea. "The rehabilitation of stroke patients at community health centres in the Western Cape." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2010. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_5654_1318838292.
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The rehabilitation of stroke patients can occur at different settings. These include in-patient settings, such as stroke units or general rehabilitation wards and out-patient settings, such as out-patient departments attached to hospitals, day hospital departments and the patientsâ home. In South-Africa, day hospitals have been upgraded and are now referred to as Community Health Centres which provide comprehensive health services to the population. In the Western Cape these centres are faced with the rehabilitation of stroke patients who have been discharged early from hospital during the acute stage or who have never been admitted to hospitals. To date there is a lack of best practice guidelines and formal evaluations in terms of efficacy and effectiveness of rehabilitation at these centres. The aim of the study was therefore to investigate the rehabilitation of stroke patients at Community Health Centres in the Metropole Region of the Western Cape. The structure, process and outcomes (SPO) model was used as a conceptual framework in this study.
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Manjikian, Lalai. "Collective memory and diasporic articulations of imagined homes : Armenian community centres in Montreal." Thesis, McGill University, 2005. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=83192.
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This thesis examines the role of Armenian community centres, in relation to the local dwelling place of Montreal, the distant homeland, and the rest of the Armenian diaspora. Due to the staggering increase in migration and to the proliferation of transnational flows throughout the globe, our conception of home has substantially changed. Thus, what motivates immigrants to build and attend "diasporic dwellings" representative of their ethnicity in their new dwelling places? By describing the characteristics of the two largest Armenian community centres in Montreal, (the Armenian Community Centre and the ABGU Centre), I analyse how these mediated social spaces embody elements that represent a distant home, a diaspora, and the local dwelling place---complete with organizations, symbols, imagery, iconography, and language. Utilizing the methodology of participant observation and through conducting interviews, I demonstrate how members of the Armenian community living in Montreal, negotiate their multiple cultural identities through their involvement with Armenian community centres. Moreover, I discuss how the community centres articulate a collective memory in the present within Montreal's public sphere.
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Talbot, Hilary. "Overcoming the digital divide? : the provision of public access computing in community centres." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.435644.
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Weber, Erwin. "Towards local cultures of sustainability : facilitating community created environment education centres through design." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2012. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/52771/1/Erwin_Weber_Thesis.pdf.
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Ecological sustainability has been proposed to address the problem of human impacts increasingly degrading planetary resources and ecosystems, threatening biodiversity, eco-services and human survival. Ecological sustainability is an imperative, with Australia having one of the highest eco-footprints per person worldwide. While significant progress has been made via implementation of ecologically sustainable design in urban communities, relatively little has been undertaken in small, disparate regional communities in Australia. Regional communities are disadvantaged by rural economic decline associated with structural change and inequities of resource transfer. The ecologically sustainable solution is holistic, so all settlements need to be globally wise, richly biodiverse yet locally specific.
As a regional solution to this global problem, this research offers the practical means by which a small regional community can contribute. It focuses on the design and implementation of a community centre and the fostering of transformative community learning through an integrated ‘learning community’ awareness of ecologically sustainable best practice. Lessons learned are documented by the participant researcher who as a designer, facilitator, local resident and social narrator has been deeply connected with the Tweed-Caldera region over a period since 1980. The collective action of the local community of Chillingham has been diligently recorded over a decade of design and development. Over this period, several positive elements emerged in terms of improvements to the natural and built environment, greater social cohesion and co-operative learning along with a shift towards a greener local economy. Behavioural changes in the community were noted as residents strived to embrace ecological ideals and reduce fossil fuel dependency. They found attractive local solutions to sourcing of food and using local employment opportunities to up skill their residents via transformative learning as a community in transition. Finally, the catalytic impact of external partnering has also been documented. How well the region as a whole has achieved its ecologically sustainable objectives is measured in terms of the delivered success of private and public partnering with the community, the creation of a community centre cum environment education centre, the restoration of local heritage buildings, the repair of riparian forests and improved water conditions in local river systems, better roads and road safety, local skills and knowledge transfer, support of local food and local/regional growers markets to attract tourists via the integrated trails network. In aggregate, each and every element contributes to a measure of eco-positive development for the built environment, its social organisation and its economy that has guided the local community to find its own pathway to sustainability.
Within the Tweed-Caldera bioregion in northern New South Wales, there has been a lack of strategic planning, ecologically sustainable knowledge and facilities in isolated communities that could support the development of a local sustained green economy, provide a hub for socio-cultural activities and ecology based education. The first challenge in this research was to model a whole systems approach to eco-positive development in Chillingham, NSW, a small community where Nature and humanity know no specific boundary. The net result was the creation of a community environment education centre featuring best-affordable ecological practice and regionally distinctive, educational building form from a disused heritage building (cow bale). This development, implemented over a decade, resonated with the later regional wide programs that were linked in the Caldera region by the common purpose of extending the reach of local and state government assistance to regional NSW in economic transition coupled with sustainability. The lessons learned from these linked projects reveal that subsequent programs have been significantly easier to initiate, manage, develop and deliver results. In particular, pursuing collaborative networks with all levels of government and external private partners has been economically effective. Each community’s uniqueness has been celebrated and through drawing out these distinctions, has highlighted local vision, strategic planning, sense of belonging and connection of people with place. This step has significantly reduced the level of friction between communities that comes from natural competition for the finite pool of funds. Following the pilot Tweed-Caldera study, several other NSW regional communities are now undertaking a Community Economic Transition Program based on the processes, trials and positive experiences witnessed in the Tweed-Caldera region where it has been demonstrated that regional community transition programs can provide an opportunity to plan and implement effective long term strategies for sustainability, empowering communities to participate in eco-governance. This thesis includes the design and development of a framework for community created environment education centres to provide an equal access place for community to participate to meet their essential needs locally. An environment centre that facilitates community transition based on easily accessible environmental education, skills and infrastructure is necessary to develop local cultures of sustainability.
This research draws upon the literatures of ecologically sustainable development, environmental education and community development in the context of regional community transition towards ‘strong sustainability’. The research approach adapted is best described as a four stage collaborative action research cycle where the participant researcher (me) has a significant involvement in the process to foster local cultures of sustainability by empowering its citizens to act locally and in doing so, become more self reliant and socially resilient. This research also draws upon the many fine working exemplars, such as the resilience of the Cuban people, the transition town initiative in Totnes, U.K. and the models of Australian Community Gardens, such as CERES (Melbourne) and Northey Street (Brisbane). The objectives of this study are to research and evaluate exemplars of ecologically sustainable environment education centres, to facilitate the design and development of an environment education centre created by a small regional community as an ecologically sustainable learning environment; to facilitate a framework for community transition based on environmental education, skills and infrastructure necessary to develop local cultures of sustainability.
The research was undertaken as action research in the Tweed Caldera in Northern NSW. This involved the author as participant researcher, designer and volunteer in two interconnected initiatives: the Chillingham Community Centre development and the Caldera Economic Transition Program (CETP). Both initiatives involved a series of design-led participatory community workshops that were externally facilitated with the support of government agency partnerships, steering committees and local volunteers.
Together the Caldera research programs involved communities participating in developing their own strategic planning process and outcomes. The Chillingham Community Centre was developed as a sustainable community centre/hub using a participatory design process. The Caldera Economic Transition Program (CETP) prioritised Caldera region projects: the Caldera farmer’s market; community gardens and community kitchens; community renewable energy systems and an integrated trails network.
The significant findings were: the CETP projects were capable of moving towards an eco-positive design benchmark through transformative learning. Community transition to sustainability programs need to be underpinned by sustainability and environmental education based frameworks and practical on ground experience in local needs based projects through transformative learning. The actioned projects were successfully undertaken through community participation and teamwork. Ecological footprint surveys were undertaken to guide and assess the ongoing community transition process, however the paucity of responses needs to be revisited.
The concept of ecologically sustainable development has been adopted internationally, however existing design and planning strategies do not assure future generations continued access to healthy natural life support systems. Sustainable design research has usually been urban focussed, with little attention paid to regional communities. This study seeks to redress this paucity through the design of ecologically sustainable (deep green) learning environments for small regional communities. Through a design-led process of environmental education, this study investigates how regional communities can be facilitated to model the principles of eco-positive development to support transition to local cultures of sustainability.
This research shows how community transition processes and projects can incorporate sustainable community development as transformative learning through design. Regional community transition programs can provide an opportunity to plan long term strategies for sustainability, empowering people to participate in eco-governance. A framework is developed for a community created environment education centre to provide an equal access place for the local community to participate in implementing ways to meet their essential needs locally. A community environment education centre that facilitates community transition based on holistic environmental education, skills and infrastructure is necessary to develop local cultures of sustainability.
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Lackey, Lara Marie. "Pedagogies of leisure : considering community recreation centres as contexts for art education and art experience." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/nq25083.pdf.
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Naidoo, Lynette. "The participatory development communication approach of Thusong service centres in Tshwane / L. Naidoo." Thesis, North-West University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/4149.
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Much discourse on the issue of development communication has focused on participation and its role in improving the lives of developing communities. This line of thought emanates from the theories of Paulo Freire and Martin Buber. Freirean dialogue, which emphasises dialogue and conscientisation emanated from Martin Buber's l-Thou and l-lt relationships and are relevant in this study because these concepts are pivotal in the endeavour to develop grassroots communities.
For purposes of this study participatory communication is associated with dialogue, self-reliance, empowerment, the communities' socio-cultural context and strategic communication. In an effort to improve service delivery in the public sector, the South African government resolved to provide communities across South Africa with both information and services through the establishment of Thusong Service Centres. The Thusong concept refers to 'a place to get help or assistance' in Sesotho, and has been the focus of government in carrying out its mandate in respect of development communication in South Africa.
This study adopted a qualitative research approach to gather data, to determine how the communication of Thusong Service Centres in Tshwane compare with the normative principles of participatory development communication. This study used purposive sampling and focused on the six Thusong Service Centres in Tshwane. The empirical study comprised document analyses of government policies, semi-structured interviews with senior Government Communication and Information Services (GCIS) personnel and personal observations at the six Thusong Service Centres.
An analysis of the communication of Thusong Service Centres with Tshwane communities show that there is inadequate alignment with the theoretical underpinnings of participatory development communication. Against the backdrop of Chin Saik Yoon's four ways of observing participation in development projects, namely, participation in implementation, evaluation, benefit and decision-making, the study indicates that Tshwane communities do not partake in participation in evaluation and participation in decision-making. Furthermore, using Freirean
dialogue as a benchmark, it was concluded that Thusong Service Centres do not fully meet the required principles of dialogue.
Although the abovementioned results indicate that development communication practised by GCIS at Thusong Service Centres is in the main linear in nature, the study makes practical recommendations on how the normative principles of participatory development communication may be implemented at these centres in order to fast track the development process.Thesis (M.A. (Communication Studies))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2010.
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Rankin, David. "Sustainability processes in community-level health initiatives : the experiences of Scottish healthy living centres." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/4820.
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Background This thesis explores processes involved in stakeholders’ attempts to secure sustainability of three short-term funded community health initiatives known as healthy living centres (HLCs). The overall aim was to identify and examine development of sustainability strategies in Scottish HLC organisations. In contrast to retrospective accounts examining influences on extent of sustainability little is known about how this concept is considered by organisations approaching the end of funding. Organisational development theorising has focused on organisational change, with no attention given to sustainability processes in short-term funded organisations. Building on a concurrent longitudinal evaluation of a larger sample of HLCs, the temporal nature of this PhD study offered scope to explore development of, influences on and changes to stakeholders’ sustainability strategies over time. Methods The study used a qualitative evaluation methodology. A case study approach framed the HLCs, permitting comparison between sites. An ethnographic approach using observations and in-depth interviews was employed. Interviews were undertaken with stakeholders (comprising managers, staff, partners and board members) from each HLC. Managers were interviewed on several occasions. Latterly, interviews were undertaken with respondents holding policy, practice and funding posts. A thematic analysis, informed by grounded theory, was carried out. This used a constant comparative methodology to understand the data against the backdrop of the PhD study aims and wider literature. Findings Findings examine stakeholders’ accounts of the impact of a range of issues on HLC sustainability strategies. These are located in the context of health and community sector restructuring. Especially challenging were: efforts to secure local partners and further lottery funding; consideration of new funding criteria and models of service delivery; and limitations in demonstrating effectiveness. Addressing such challenges, managers’ strategic positioning signified attempts to influence HLCs’ fit within local health structures. Stakeholders’ accounts highlighted attempts to secure continuation of HLCs’ original identity; ensuring continued accessibility of Centres to local communities; and, seeking continuation of developmental methods of work. External respondents’ perspectives illuminated how policy-driven changes restricted system-wide attention to HLC sustainability. Latterly, Government-provided funding offered a short-term fix, enabling continuation of attempts to secure sustainability. Conclusions and implications This study offers new perspectives on the temporal exploration of sustainability of shortterm funded health initiatives. Analysis of stakeholders’ accounts over time provides insight into the effects of restructuring and ways in which system-wide flux impacted on influences known to enhance the likelihood of sustainability. Recommendations address programme design and wider responsibilities of health system actors in positioning and considering a future for such organisations after short-term funding ends.
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Yi, Sang-il. "Responsiveness, equity and decentralisation : the example of community health centres of Seoul, South Korea." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.272123.
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Greathead, Erica. "Role competencies of first-line nurse managers in community health centres : a delphi study." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/2951.
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Bibliography: leaves 166-194.This study was conducted to determine the role competencies required of first-line nurse managers of Community Health Centres (CHC) in South Africa with the implementation of the district health system and the corresponding delegation of authority and responsibility to lower levels of management. A Delphi technique was utilised, which involved a panel of 24 senior nurse managers.
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Nygaard, Bjørn. "WHO CC Affiliate Safe Community Support Centres og deres rolle i Safe-Community bevegelsen : En studie av organisering, utvikling og framtid." Thesis, Nordic School of Public Health NHV, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:norden:org:diva-3225.
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Den internasjonale Safe-Community (SC) bevegelsen vokser stadig. Denne studien setter søkelyset på de såkalte Affiliate Safe Community Support Centres (ASC) og deres rolle i bevegelsen. SC-begrepet blir behandlet både som en innovasjon og som en organisasjons- modell som utbres etter Rogers og Røviks teorier. ASCene ses på som ”forandrings-agenturer” i følge disse teoriene. Studien er en case-study i følge Yin, og dekker 9 av ialt 15 ASCer. Tre av dem har mistet sin status som ASC, seks av dem har sin status i behold. De følgende fem påstander blir studert: 1)Det er ingen forskjell i hvordan sentrene har utøvet sin rolle som årsak til at noen mister sin status og andre ikke. 2)Årsakene til at noen mister sin status ligger i interne organisasjonsmessige, personalmessige eller økonomiske forhold. 3) ASC’ene og deres oppgaver er ikke særlig godt kjent blant ”brukerne” 4)ASC’ene har et svakt eller lite bevisst forhold til det teoretiske og vitenskapelige grunnlag for spredningsprosesser 5)SC-begrepet oppfattes i liten grad som en organisasjonsmodell på linje med andre organisasjonsmodeller. Data ble samlet inn fra spørreskjemaundersøkelser, skriftlig materiale og intervju. Materialet omfatter alle ”nivåer” i SC-bevegelsen. Alle fem påstander ble styrket av materialet. Studien har ledet til følgende konklusjoner og anbefalinger som forhåpentligvis kan styrke både renommé og effektivitet i SC-bevegelsen og lette arbeidet i ASCene: Organisasjonsteori og organisasjonsspørsmål må i langt større grad settes på dagsorden i bevegelsen. Vekst og utbredelse av SC-”ideén” får for stor plass i forhold til konsolidering. Det forekommer konflikter mellom ASC-arbeidet og andre arbeidsoppgaver. Det gjelder særlig når det gjelder prioriteringen mellom forsking og arbeidet med å utbre SC-modellen. ASCene har ikke tilstrekkelig kapasitet til å følge opp veksten i SC-bevegelsen. Begge disse forhold synes hovedsakelig å bunne i mangel på finansiering og mangel på planmessig utbygging. Mangel på planmessig organisering av bevegelsen er foruroligende. Dersom det ikke blir tatt tak i denne manglende organiseringen, vil det kunne være til hinder for videre utbredelse og i verste fall virke ødeleggende for bevegelsen. Det må også pekes på kvinnenes sterke, til dels dominerende stillingThe international Safe-Community (SC) movement is steadily growing. This study highlights the so-called Affiliate Safe Community Support Centres (ASC) and their role in the movement. The concept of SC is treated as an innovation and an organisational model diffusing according to the theories of Rogers and Røvik. The ASCs are looked upon as ”change agencies” according to these theories. This is a case-study according to Yin of 9 out of 15 ASCs. Three of them have lost their status as ASC, six still have their status. The following five propositions are examined: 1.There are no differences in how the ASCs have executed their role that can explain why some have lost their status and some not. 2.The reason why some have lost their status can be explained by internal organisational, personal or economic conditions. 3.The ASCs and their tasks are not well known by the ”users”. 4.The ASCs have a weak or little conscious relations to the theoretical and scientific foundation of diffusion processes. 5.The SC-concept is to a very little degree considered as an organisational model. Data was collected from surveys and interviews with people at all ”levels” of the SC-movement as well as written material. All five propositions were strengthened by the material. The study leads to the following conclusions and recommendations which hopefully can improve the reputation and efficiency of the SC-movement and ease the work of the ASCs: The ASCs have an important role in the movement, but they are too few to serve an increasing number of SCs. The development of new ASCs should go on simultaneously with the increase of SCs. It is also necessary with a geographical distribution corresponding with the distribution of the SCs. The economy of the ASC-work has a very weak foundation, and this should be taken more seriously. There are conflicts between ASC-work and other tasks. There are no indications that certain models of internal organisation or company construction are more functional than others. Organisational matters are not considered sufficiently important. This is alarming, and may threaten the existence of the whole movement if not taken more seriously. It must be a responsibility of the WHO Collaborating Centre to bring these matters to discussion. There are few other arenas for these discussions than the regional and world-wide conferences. But in addition the institutions teaching SC-issues have a responsibility for taking up these topics in their education programmes. Women have a very strong position in the ASC. But it is not possible from this material to draw conclusions as to whether their position has influenced the priorities or choice of topics in the ASC-work.
ISBN 978-9185721-08-5
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Bruiners, Natasja. "Multi-purpose community centres : a local economic development strategy towards sustainable community empowerment and poverty alleviation in the Dwars River region." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/53509.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (MS en S)--Stellenbosch University, 2003.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: In South Africa, Multi-Purpose Community Centres (MPCCs) have been identified as the primary approach for the implementation of development communication and information as they potentially offer a wide range of services that communities can utilise for their own empowerment. This affords the community an opportunity to become more self-reliant. The new Local Economic Development (LED) policy paper (2002) highlights the mobilisation of internal resources, capacities and skills consistent with the sustainable development objectives that government is now more aggressively pursuing. Community participation and empowerment play a significant role in any community, therefore, municipalities need to create the conditions for greater public participation and empowerment. It should be done with regards to the disadvantaged or marginalised groups in accordance with the conditions and capacities in a municipality. In the Dwars River region, various services are being planned ranging from skills development to tourism, but these depend on sufficient financial aid. The nature and location of the MPCCs in South Africa makes financial sustainability difficult because the majority of them largely serve historically disadvantaged communities with limited financial resources to pay for services. It is also important to note that economic growth does not necessarily imply poverty alleviation and/or skills development as components of the government's communication and information approach. MPCCs can transform communities but will be time consuming and requires participation from all spheres of government and civil society.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: In Suid Afrika was Veeldoenige Gemeenskap Sentrums geidentifiseer as die primêre benadering vir die implementering van informasie en kommunikasie programme, veral omdat hierdie progamme 'n reeks dienste aanbied, wat die gemeenskap kan benut vir hul eie bemagtiging. Dit gee aan die gemeenskap die geleentheid om meer onafhanklik te word. Die nuwe Plaaslike Ekonomiese Ontwikkelings beleidsdokument (2002) beklemtoon die mobilisering van interne hulpbronne, kapasiteit en vaardighede konstant met die volhoubare ontwikkelings objektiewe wat die regering meer aggresief nastreef. Publieke deelname en bemagtiging speel 'n kenmerkende rol in die lewens van die gemeenskap. Verder blyk dit duidelik dat munisipaliteite, publieke deelname en bemagtiging moet bevorder. Munisipaliteite moet ook kondisies vir publieke deelname en bemagtiging skep. Hierdie twee strategieë moet veral toegepas word op vorig benadeelde en gemarginaliseerde groepe en gemeenskappe in lyn met die kondisies en kapasiteit van die betrokke munisipaliteit. Die Dwarsrivier Vallei bied verskeie dienste aan wat vaardigheidsontwikkeling en toerisme insluit. Dit sal grootliks afhang van die streek se finansiële kapasiteit. Die aard en ligging van Veeldoenige Gemeenskap Sentrums in Suid-Afrika maak finansiële volhoubaarheid Gemeenskap Sentrums moeilik, bedien want die meerderheid Veeldoenige grootliks die historiese benadeelde gemeenskappe met hul beperkte finansiële hulpbronne. Dit is ook belangrik om te beklemtoon dat ekonomiese groei nie noodwendig armoede uitwissing impliseer nie, maar so eerder vaardigheidsontwikkeling (bv. Informasie Tegnologie). Veeldoenige Gemeenskap Sentrums kan gemeenskappe transformeer, maar sal baie tydrowend wees en benodig gemeenskap deelname in alle sfere van regering en plaaslike gemeenskap.
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Tumusiime, James. "Investigating a rural community's use of communication technology : a study of Nakaseke Community Multi-media centre in Uganda /." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2006. http://eprints.ru.ac.za/904/.
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Arowoiya, Ayorinde Ibukun. "Participation restrictions of stroke patients living in the community at selected community health centres in the Metropole Districts in the Western Cape, South Africa." University of the Western Cape, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/4680.
Full textAbstract:
Magister Scientiae (Physiotherapy) - MSc(Physio)Stroke is the second leading cause of death globally and the consequences on human and economic health are of major concern. The aim of this study was to determine and explore the participation restrictions experienced by stroke patients. The study populations were stroke patients living within the community in Western Cape, South Africa. A mixed methods approach was used to collect data in this study which consisted of two phases. For the first phase, the descriptive, observational cross sectional design was used to determine the participation restrictions of stroke patients living within the community and the factors associated with community with respect to integration. In this phase, an interviewer- administered questionnaire was used to collect data; the instrument for this study is the standard World Health Disability Assessment Schedule 2.0 (WHODAS 2.0) for disability assessment which includes the International Classification of Functioning Health and Disability (ICF) concept in disability assessment which has been tested and found to be reliable and valid, to determine various participation restrictions among stroke patients living in the society. While in the second phase of this study, two focus group discussions were conducted at the selected community health centre; these participants were conveniently selected from those who participated in the first phase of the study. This was conducted to retrieve in-depth information on difficulties encountered in participating in daily life situations. The Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) was used for descriptive and inferential statistics. Chi square and Anova t-test was used to determine the association between the demographics statistic and participation restrictions. Alpha level was set at 0.05. For qualitative findings, audiotaped interviews and note taken were transcribed and translated into English; the expressed ideas were coded and reduced into subthemes, themes and categories. Ethical clearance and permission to conduct study was sought, consents from participants were sought, clearly stating the right to participate and withdraw from the study was respected and anonymity and confidentiality has been ensured. The result of the study showed that participants encountered difficulty with cognition, (23.3% of participants reported severe difficulty in learning a new task; 20% reported severe difficulty analyzing and finding solution to day to day activities), mobility (34% acknowledged difficulty walking a long distance like one kilometer after stroke), self-care ( 44% indicated difficulty staying alone for few days after stroke, while the majority, 61% complaints of difficulty with getting dressed by self), getting along with people with the majority of the difficulties (36%) are sexual activities, household activities with major complaints (46.6% and 31.4%, for severity and exemption respectively) in getting needed household work done, severe difficulty (51.7%) reported in relaxation and pleasure after stroke, 50.8% been financially restrained after stroke, 40% with difficulty in joining in the community activities, 39.2% severely affected by people perception towards them and 25.8% of the participants indicated extreme time spent on health; all difficulties investigated within the society 30 days after the incidence of stroke. However, the result of the qualitative phase reported the participation restrictions experienced by the participants. Difficulty in cognition was reported, which promotes indiscipline among family members. Limitation in activity level such as in mobility (walking for a long distance, standing from a sitting position), in self-care (washing the whole body, eating, staying alone after stroke), in getting along (maintaining friendship, sexual activities), in household activities and work activities was reported. Participants experienced difficulty in joining in community activities, emotional fluctuations, poor perception of attitudes of others after stroke, excessive use of time on health conditions, increased financial impact of health condition and burden impact on family was reported. Environmental barriers such as transportation and toilet facilities were reported. The current study findings suggest appropriate and specific programmes should be aimed at improving participation among stroke survivors in the community.
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Ng, Wai-hung Edward, and 吳偉雄. "An exploratory study of the factors affecting community centres in delivering services to new immigrants." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1998. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31978642.
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Peters, Natasha. "Management competencies of managers in community recreation centres in Johannesburg : a recreation perspective / Natasha Peters." Thesis, North-West University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/4727.
Full textAbstract:
In 2008, 75% of municipal sport and recreation facilities in South Africa were underutilised,
while 62% of these facilities were reported to be poorly managed (SRIMP,
2008). A possible reason for these reported findings can be the lack of managerial
skills. However, Goslin (2003:39) mentions that little research on recreation
management and education has been done in South Africa, which highlights the
increasing need for knowledge to establish and maintain future management practices
(Goslin, 2003:40). Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine the
management competencies applied by recreation managers for effective management
of local community centres. In addition, this study compares the gaps between the
recreation managers’ qualifications and the requirements for successfully providing the
public with quality recreation opportunities in community centres.
A qualitative method was applied as a practical guide for the research. The seven
regional recreation managers of the City of Johannesburg were selected for the case
study. The sample size (n=5) was determined through data saturation. Data was
gathered by means of a semi–structured interview with each regional manager (De Vos,
2005:296; Veal, 2006:386). Through the process of data analysis two main categories
were identified. The first, Tasks and limitations experienced by regional managers
in Johannesburg pointed out that the daily tasks of facility, programme and human
resource management is seen as essential responsibilities to recreation managers and
it is unfortunate that the majority of problems relating to these tasks are due to unskilled
staff that must be supervised on a daily basis. The second, Training needs of
recreation staff at recreation centres: Regional managers’ perspective indicated
that the staff’s inability to understand the term recreation may in fact be caused by
organisations’ bad choices regarding employment or the lack of setting clear criteria for
job positions (Mull et al., 2005:227). The answer to training needs for already employed
personnel, saving both money and time, may be short courses. By working with each specific centre’s problems and training needs, as well as with each individual
employee’s competencies, the short courses could be designed to specifically help
better equip the staff member and in turn provide better recreation services to the
community.Thesis (M.A. (Recreation Science))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2011.
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Hallberg, David. "Lifelong learning : The social impact of digital villages as community resource centres on disadvantaged women." Doctoral thesis, Stockholms universitet, Institutionen för data- och systemvetenskap, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-103115.
Full textAbstract:
The overall aim of this research was to enhance the understanding of what affects the social impact of ICT in lifelong learning on disadvantaged women. In contributing to the field of social informatics, this research employs behavioural theories as strategy and analytic possibilities. This research mainly used the Kenyan digital villages as CRCs as settings but did also look beyond such establishments to provide a more solid picture. The studies were located in Kenya with complementary studies in Bolivia, Cameroon, Sri Lanka, and Sweden. The main strategies and methods used were case study, comparative education approaches, and observations and interviewing techniques. The findings suggest that ICT and CRCs have the potential to support disadvantaged women and their lifelong learning. However, the positive social impacts are limited because the arrangement of them generally does not favour vernacular languages, illiterate users, female owners and users, or non-students. In general, the use of ICT was sometimes perceived as forced, which is both a barrier and a stressor in the use of ICT in lifelong learning. It also emerged from the comparative studies that discussions among the participants in the CRCs largely covered issues in respect to 1) family and reproduction and 2) self-esteem, i.e. what settles the matter of the social impact of ICT in lifelong learning depends on change attitude among men and women. With minimal if not zero self-esteem a change that would make the difference or break a woman’s “legendary status quo” in order for a woman to feel that she can reach her goal or ambitions in lifelong learning would be difficult. Hence the lack of self-esteem is a stressor in itself. This research is valuable for stakeholders delving into issues of development and learning using ICTs, not only in Kenya but in a broader, global perspective.At the time of the doctoral defense, the following paper was unpublished and had a status as follows: Paper 6: Submitted.
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Abdulqadir, Ayiman Husayn Khalleefah. "Rehabilitation professionals' views on the experiences of patients with physical disabilities accessing community health centres." University of the Western Cape, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/6409.
Full textAbstract:
Masters of Science - Msc (Physiotherapy)Rehabilitation services have been described as being necessary to maximize patient independence in order to enable them to participate fully in their communities. The Aim of the study was based on the problem statement and the research question, this study aims at exploring rehabilitation professionals' views on the experiences of patients with physical disabilities accessing CHCs in the Western. The objectives of the study were to explore the views of rehabilitation professionals regarding experiences by patients accessing rehabilitation services at the Community Health Centres (CHCs) in the Western Cape and to reach health experts consensus on how rehabilitation services should be provided at the CHCs based on the outcomes of objective 1. Methodology: This study used an exploratory design that used qualitative methods for data collection (workshops and focus group discussions (FGDs) and a Delphi study. The study was conducted at purposively selected CHCs in the Western Cape. The population in this study included all rehabilitation professionals who provide rehabilitation services in the CHCs, who were invited to participate in the study. Data collection: In the qualitative and the Delphi study, data was collected through workshops, focus group discussions and emails respectively. Data analysis: The workshops and the FGDs were audio recorded and then transcribed verbatim for content analysis.
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Sikobi, Thembeka. "Monitoring and evaluation practice to discern meaningful change in community-based early childhood development centres." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/28943.
Full textAbstract:
After 23 years of democracy South Africa still faces poor education quality, a class-based education system and poor academic performance. These issues are exacerbated by South Africa’s apartheid history and perpetual inequality. Access to quality Early Childhood Education (ECD) is recognised as a solution that can improve education outcomes and overcome poverty and inequality in the country. However, challenges remain in the effective implementation of ECD programmes. This study seeks to investigate the quality of ECD centres in rural communities in order to gain a deeper understanding of the context in which they operate and be in a better position to inform public funding policies and investment decisions. The main research question asks how the quality of ECD that is delivered through community-based ECD centres can be improved either through the use of public funding other funding sources? Approaches to monitoring and evaluation (M&E) and impact considerations are examined in community settings. From this, theoretical and practical lessons are drawn to form the basis for analysis of the research findings. The study adopts a predominantly qualitative approach using interviews with parents and teachers, as well as observations and questionnaires. A total of 40 ECD centres were surveyed and 21 interviews conducted in KwaZulu-Natal (KZN) province in South Africa. The study areas are three rural communities, namely Vulamehlo, Izingolweni and Msinga. Based on quality definitions explored in this dissertation, the study finds that the need to improve the quality of ECD service delivery remains pertinent and that there is a gap in parental ECD knowledge and practice.
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Matsika, Callista Kanganwiro. "Persons with physical disabilities' experiences of rehabilitation services at community health centres in Cape Town." University of the Western Cape, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/2932.
Full textAbstract:
Magister Scientiae (Physiotherapy) - MSc(Physio)According to the United Nations, more than half a billion people (about 650 million) worldwide are disabled. Disability can have a vast impact on both the individual and the family. Rehabilitation is therefore a fundamental need for the persons with disability to achieve functional independence and have an improved quality of life. To enhance the effectiveness of rehabilitation, it is important to seek clients perspectives of the rehabilitation services and to incorporate these perspectives into the planning and delivery of rehabilitation services. In areas where rehabilitation services are available in South Africa, minimal research has been done to explore the clients experiences regarding provision of these services. The aim of this study therefore was to explore the persons with physical disabilities experiences of the rehabilitation services they received at community health centres (CHCs) in the Cape Town Metro Health District. Data was collected using a mixed methods design in the form of a sequential exploratory strategy. Qualitative data collection was done using in-depth interviews and this was followed by administration of an interview questionnaire. The questionnaire was developed using results from the in-depth interviews together with information from literature. Ten persons with physical isabilities, who had received rehabilitation services at participated in the in-depth interviews and 95 responded to the interview questionnaire. The interviews were tape-recorded and transcribed verbatim and they were analysed using predetermined themes. The SPSS version 16.0 was used to analyse the quantitative data which was presented in frequencies, medians, quartiles and percentages. The results of the study revealed that the participants experienced problems with getting transport to travel to the community health centres and getting adequate information from the service providers particularly information regarding disability and support services available for them. Experiences regarding participants involvement in their rehabilitation were generally positive. Generally, the participants reported positive experiences regarding their interaction with service providers and family support and involvement and this study recommends the staff to maintain their standards regarding these two dimensions of rehabilitation. However most of the participants were not concerned about whether the service providers gave them an opportunity to express their preferences or not. The results indicate the need to improve transport services for persons with physical disabilities and to give them more information regarding support services. The service providers should also give the clients more opportunities to get involved in their rehabilitation and educate them about the benefits of them getting involved.
South Africa
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Mukasi, Tafadzwa Jaquline. "Information communication technology (ICT) community centres and agricultural development in the Eastern Cape province of South Africa: a case of Dwesa community." Thesis, University of Fort Hare, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10353/1686.
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Al-Kahtani, Masoud Saeed. "Community development in Saudi Arabia : a study of local participation in the rural community development centres' programmes and services in Asir region." Thesis, Cardiff University, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.369822.
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MacDonald, Ann. "The impact of the B.C. enterprise development centres on local economic development." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/26871.
Full textAbstract:
The thesis identifies several characteristics intrinsic to a process of local economic development. Intended as a proactive
and endogenous process, local economic development seeks to reduce a region's reliance on exported primary resources and external economies. Strategies intended to encourage the process frequently address two factors: how capital leakages can be decreased and how the value of exports can be increased.
The thesis addresses two variables in local economic development. One is the role of entrepreneurship. Entrepreneurial ventures facilitate new technologies and services, provide competition to existing companies and create new jobs which are locally based and owner-operated.
A second variable is the twofold role played by education and the colleges in particular in facilitating the establishment of an environment which is conducive to entrepreneurship. As learning institutions, the colleges have an important role to play in the promotion of attitudes and values required to encourage entrepreneurial ventures. A second role is to identify and address regional economic development opportunities.
Informational barriers, in the form of poor access to business educational services, restrict the numbers of entrepreneurial ventures in the province and contribute to high numbers of business failures. A college-based enterprise development centre is introduced in the thesis as a novel way to overcome these barriers and address the needs of the entrepreneur and the small business owner/operator. In their association with the colleges, these centres could also serve to promote attitudes and values which make entrepreneurship and self-employment a feasible option in the minds of college students.
The thesis identifies three particular objectives for a college-based enterprise development centre: to deliver highly responsive and flexible educational services to the small business sector; to establish a close and interactive relationship between the college and the small business sector in order to encourage experiential learning and enhanced levels of entrepreneurship among the students, and to identify and facilitate the training for local economic development opportunities.
These objectives are contained in a model EDC which is used as a yardstick to evaluate eight enterprise development centres established by the colleges in B.C. via the Local Economic Development and Renewal Fund (LERD). Four particular areas of interest constitute the basis of the evaluation: the extent to which the centres are engaged in a process which contributes to local economic development and the creation of new wealth; the flexible delivery of educational services to the small business sector; the promotion of entrepreneurship; and the integration of the centres with their respective colleges.
The most dominant impact of the B.C. enterprise development centres appears to be in the delivery of educational services to the small business sector. The centres provide one-to-one counselling and business services in a way which is flexible and responsive to the needs of the small business sector. They are also actively promoting entrepreneurship in that they have helped to establish support and professional networks for new entrepreneurs. Two primary weaknesses of the existing B.C. structure are the reactive nature of the centres' activities and their weak and poorly integrated links to the colleges.
Two overall conclusions are drawn. One, as few regional policies appear to be in place to encourage the formulation of a regional strategy, the thesis concludes that the LERD fund is not reflective of renewed support for regional planning and development in the province. Also, there is little evidence to suggest that a decentralization effort intended to create more local autonomy and control over the colleges is occurring. A second conclusion is that the colleges are not being restructured in order that they may become more pro-actively involved in a process of local economic development.Applied Science, Faculty of
Community and Regional Planning (SCARP), School of
Graduate
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Fritz, Lorell C. "School-based family resource centres : the village approach, a handbook on school-community partnerships for professionals serving families /." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/MQ63978.pdf.
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Adamson, Kaashiefah. "Are we ready for an emergency." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/97212.
Full textAbstract:
Introduction
Trauma and emergencies contribute to the quadruple burden of disease in South Africa and being prepared for an emergency requires rapid access to emergency equipment, drugs and emergency trolleys to optimally manage an emergency. This is the first descriptive study looking specifically at essential emergency equipment, drugs and the emergency trolley required for the provision of optimal emergency care at Community Health Centres (CHCs) in the Western Cape Metropole.
Aims and Objectives
The aim of the study was to evaluate whether eight 24 hour emergency units at CHCs in the Western Cape Metropole had the appropriate and essential emergency equipment, drugs and emergency trolleys necessary for the delivery of optimal emergency care, using the Emergency Medicine Society of South Africa (EMSSA) guidelines as the audit tool.
Objectives included:
1. To assess availability of essential emergency equipment
2. To assess availability of essential emergency drugs
3. To assess the functionality of existing emergency trolleys
Methodology
EMSSA guidelines were used as the evaluation audit tool to perform a survey of emergency equipment, drugs and emergency trolleys at eight 24 hour CHCs in the Western Cape Metro pole. Data collection for the study was conducted at the eight 24 hour CHCs over a 3 month period during the months of June 2012 to August 2012. The data was analyzed using the Statistical Package for Health Sciences (Statistica, version 10 of 2012) and Microsoft Excel.
Results
A total of 81 emergency equipment items, 43 emergency drug items (37 emergency drugs, 6 intravenous fluids) and 78 emergency trolley items were required to be in each emergency unit. An average of 62% of all recommended emergency equipment items, 80% of all emergency drugs and 52.4% of all emergency trolley items were found to be present in this survey. Essential emergency paediatric equipment including bag ventilation devices, Magill’s forceps, masks, intraosseous needles and appropriate blood pressure cuffs were found to be absent at 2 CHCs. All CHCs had access to a defibrillator and ECG machine but these were found to be dysfunctional at 2 CHCs due to expired batteries and no tracing paper being available. Expired first line emergency drugs (adrenaline and atropine) were found at certain CHCs. The recording of emergency trolley checklists and stocking of essential emergency items were found to be incongruent, inconsistent and not up to the recommended standard.
Conclusion
Essential emergency equipment and drugs and the functionality of emergency trolleys were found to be generally inadequate. Considerable deficiencies of essential emergency items were found, particularly paediatric equipment and drugs and this may negatively impact on resuscitative efforts and outcome in both paediatric and adult emergency care at CHCs in the Western Cape Metropole.
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Yeung, Wai-han, and 楊蕙嫻. "An exploratory study on children's and youth centres in mobilizing community resources to facilitate youth development." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1990. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31248822.
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Tregaskis, C. E. "Being a chameleon : multiple identity as a means of uncovering perspectives on disability and impairment." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.370001.
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Rabie, Tinda. "Positive practice environments in community health centres of the North West Province: a case study / Tinda Rabie." Thesis, North-West University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/9196.
Full textAbstract:
The practice environment of nurses plays a very important role in the delivery of quality health care. However, there is limited knowledge on what positive practice environments entail with specific reference to the primary health context of the public health care sector of South Africa. Nurses in this context are the frontline health personnel and are affected not only by nursing shortages, but also high workloads as the public health care sector serves 83% of the South African population and the private health care sector only 17%. In this study the researcher decided to conduct a study to explore the practice environment of nurses in the primary health care context as no studies have previously been undertaken in this regard.
The researcher used a case study design with quantitative and qualitative approaches and implemented descriptive, explanatory and contextual strategies. This design, together with the findings of objectives one, two and three, the World Health Organization Strengthening of Health Systems and Fourteen Forces of Magnetism Frameworks and inductive and deductive logic enabled the researcher to achieve the overarching aim, which is objective four, of this study.
Descriptive statistics, confirmatory factor analysis and Cronbach’s alpha assisted the researcher in assessing the demographic profile (objective 1) and the status of the practice environment of community health centres in North West Province (objective 2). Thereafter, the researcher was also able to identify the community health centre with the most favourable practice environment in order to conduct semi-structured individual interviews (objective 3).
The descriptive data of objective 1 revealed that community health centres in the North West Province are located on average 36 km from the nearest referral hospital to which an average of five patients per day are referred. The average number of patients consulted per month is 3 545 of which the nurse consults an average of 40 and the physician 15 patients per day.
In the community health centres the average age of nurses is 40, with 10 years of nursing experience. There were more female than male nurses of which 65% of the registered nurses had a diploma in nursing and had only started their careers at 31 years of age. There is an average of eleven registered nurses, five auxiliary and one enrolled nurse in the community health centres of which only four of the registered nurses (36%) had a qualification in Clinical Health Assessment, Treatment and Care. The overall staff turnover rates were very low and the satisfaction levels were high.
The factor analysis of objective 2 revealed that the Practice Environment Scale of the Nursing Work Index’s sub-scales staffing and resource adequacy and nurse participation in primary health care/community health centre affairs had means below 2.5, indicating that nurses were not in agreement with these sub-scales. However, nurse manager ability, leadership and support; collegial nurse-physician relationships and nursing foundations for quality of care had a mean above 2.5 indicating that the nurses were in agreement with these sub-scales.
Lastly, the qualitative findings indicated that although the community health centres with the most favourable practice environment were affected by factors that decrease quality of care which included a lack of resources, limited infrastructure, limited support from pharmacy and staff shortages. These mentioned factors were not in the control of the community health centres. Although the community health centres were affected by the above-mentioned factors these community health centres excelled in support, leadership and governance, collegial nurse-physician relationships and factors influencing quality of care which were in the control of the community health centre.Thesis (PhD (Nursing))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2013.
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Magooa, Raphaahle Mavis. "Management challenges of Thusong Service Centres in Greater Tubatse Municipality of the Limpopo Province." Thesis, University of Limpopo (Turfloop Campus), 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10386/745.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (M.Dev.) --University of Limpopo, 2011Thusong Service Centres, which were previously known as Multi Purpose Community Centres, have been established country wide to strengthen community access to both government and civil society partners’ information and services. The Thusong Service Centre approach purport to bring basket services to communities under one roof. The service basket includes application of vital documents such as birth and death certificates, primary health care services, business initiatives, information and communication technology, applications of pensions, benefits and grants. They assert to refocus government services to meeting the basic needs of the people particularly those in rural and other disadvantaged areas. The one stop programme follows the decentralised service delivery model of the government which ensures that people spend fewer resources to access information and services. To the contrary, people still travel distances to access government services and information despite the existence of these facilities. The focus of this study is on management challenges of Thusong Service centres in Greater Tubatse Municipality in Limpopo Province. The findings indicate amongst others, lack of proper handing over of the facilities from The Department of Public Works to Greater Tubatse Municipality, Lack of Human and Financial resources that the Municipality dedicated to the programme and general poor management and coordination of the programme. Communities are then subjected to infrequent and inconsistent service provision as a result.
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Biggs, Debbie Lynn. "Health promotion needs of stroke patients accessing community health centres in the metropole region of the Western Cape." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2005. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&.
Full textAbstract:
Stroke is the third leading cause of death and a major cause of disability in most societies. Individuals with physical disabilities are at risk of secondary complications due to the impact of the disability, which may be exacerbated by poor lifestyle choices. Although disabled persons desire to engage in wellnessenhancing activities, limited programmes based on their health promotion needs&rsquoassessment have been developed. The aim of the present study is to determine the health promotion needs of stroke patients accessing selected Community Health Centres in the Metropole region of the Western Cape. A cross-sectional survey, utilizing a self-administered questionnaire and in depth interviews with a purposively selected sample was used to collect the data. The quantitative data was analysed using Microsoft Excel ®
. Means, standard deviations and percentages were calculated for descriptive purposes and the chi-square test was used to test for associations between socio-demographic and health-related variables. Audiotape interviews were transcribed verbatim, the emerging ideas were reduced to topics, categories and themes and finally interpreted. In order to qualify for between-method triangulation used in the study, complementary strengths were identified by comparing textual qualitative data with numerical quantitative results and vice versa. The quantitative analysis revealed that the participants were engaging in health risk behaviours such as physical inactivity, substance usage, non-compliance to medication use and inappropriate diet modification. Lack of financial resources, facilities and access to information predisposed them to involvement in risky health behaviours. In-depth interviews supported the quantitative findings and revealed that numerous participants&rsquo
suffered from depression and frustration as a result of having a stroke. The necessary ethical considerations were upheld. The outcome of the study could contribute to the need to develop, encourage and promote wellness-enhancing behaviours and activities to improve the participants&rsquo
health status and ultimate quality of life.
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Major-Helsloot, Mel. "Low back pain and associated factors among users of community health centres in South Africa : a prevalence study." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/5439.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (MScPhysio (Interdisciplinary Health Sciences. Physiotherapy))--University of Stellenobosch, 2010.Background: Low back pain (LBP) has a high prevalence worldwide. LBP is significantly associated with a range of poor socio-demographic circumstances which should be addressed in preventive programs. Despite this there is a dearth of information about the prevalence and associated factors among low-income communities in South Africa. It is speculated that the burden of LBP may be most significant in these underprivileged communities. Objective: The objective of this study was to assess the prevalence of LBP among the lowincome communities in the Cape Town Metropole and to establish associated factors in order to make recommendations for management. Study design: A cross-sectional study was conducted among the visitors of eight community health centres (CHCs) in the Cape Town Metropole. Methodology: A new measurement tool was developed based on existing validated outcome measures and initial testing of the psychometric properties of the questionnaire was conducted. The questionnaire was administered to 489 eligible subjects. Descriptive analysis was used to describe the sample and logistic regression analytical techniques were applied to determine associated factors. Main findings: Lifetime prevalence for LBP was 76.49% (n=358). About 37% (n=133) suffered from chronic LBP. LBP was significantly associated with belonging to the black ethnic group, any co-morbidity, poor perceived general health, and any type of pain medication. Lifting weights > 20 kg and kneeling and squatting were physical factors significantly associated with LBP. Severe psychological distress was significantly associated with acute and chronic LBP. Having a better or same perceived general health compared to a year ago, was protective for LBP. Conclusion: LBP has a high prevalence among the low income communities, visiting the CHCs, in the Cape Town Metropole. Multiple factors were associated with LBP, which imply that a tailormade multidisciplinary program addressing lifestyle issues, self management strategies, medication use, chronic diseases and psychosocial factors may be required for this population to combat LBP.