Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Community based organizations'
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Diehl, Sarah Kathryn. "Explaining Retention in Community-Based Movement Organizations." VCU Scholars Compass, 2004. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/987.
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An individual's initial acceptance of a recruitment pitch from a community-based social movement organization is usually based upon minimal information about the group and its efforts. It is only during the subsequent period of orientation that new members begin to learn more about the organization. During this period, the retention of new members is dependent on the successful alignment of individual and organizational frames. The failure to achieve such an alignment is likely to result in the new member's departure from the organization. This study explores the frame alignment process during early orientation to community-based SMOs. Using nineteen qualitative interviews with three different community organizing efforts in Baltimore, the study suggests that organizational members feel most motivated to continue involvement when they feel that the organization is effective.
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Yachkaschi, Schirin. "Towards the development of an approriate organisational development approach for optimising the capacity building of community-based organisations (CBOs) : a case study of 3 CBOs in the Western Cape /." Link to the online version, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/1419.
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Gray, Shani P. "Faith-based organizations (FBOs) and community crime control initiatives." [Bloomington, Ind.] : Indiana University, 2005. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3185394.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Indiana University, 2005.Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 66-08, Section: A, page: 3101. Chair: Steven Chermak. Title from dissertation home page (viewed Oct. 5, 2006).
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WIKMAN, FRIDA. "Mobile Phone Utilization in Women’s Community-Based Organizations to Promote Empowerment." Thesis, KTH, Organisation och ledning, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-190705.
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There is a growing recognition that community-based organizations (CBOs) show greater success than other development organizations in promoting empowerment. It has also been acknowledged that information and communication technology (ICT) can be a powerful tool for development. In pursuit of empowerment of women, there is an interest to further study CBOs and ICT, and how they can be combined to take further steps forward. The purpose of this thesis is to investigate how mobile phones can be utilized in women's community-based organizations to promote empowerment, conducted as a case study on a women's CBO in Bangalore, India. The study shows that the main organizational characteristics that promote empowerment in CBOs are the participatory approach and the fostering of sense of community. Mobile phones constitute a valuable tool for enhancing these characteristics. However, the study also shows that the digital gender divide and ICT related risks that women face also have organizational implications that have to be considered by CBOs when utilizing ICT.
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Sen, Anuradha. "The Relationship between Motivation and Evaluation Capacity in Community-based Organizations." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/89935.
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Community-based organizations increasingly face the need to systematically gather and provide data, information, and insights on the quality of their services and performances to governments, donors, and funding agencies. To meet these demands, community-based organizations have identified the need to build their own evaluation capacity. Increasing the evaluation capacity of an organization requires evaluation capacity building at an individual level, which might be affected by other factors like employee work motivation. This quantitative study uncovers the relationship between employee work motivation and individual evaluation capacity using the Multidimensional Work Motivation Scale and the Evaluation Capacity Assessment Instrument. I found that employees with higher intrinsic motivation have higher evaluation capacity, whereas, those with higher amotivation have lower evaluation capacity. Apart from that, this study also investigates the relationships motivation - evaluative thinking, and evaluation capacity - evaluative thinking, finding that individual evaluation capacity and evaluative thinking are closely related. This study elucidates the link between employee motivation, evaluation capacity, and evaluative thinking, which will not only benefit the organizations to better their practice of evaluation, but also help the employees to make progress in their career paths.Master of Science in Life Sciences
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Cheng, Nga-sze Venus. "The role of International non-governmental organizations in the institutional capacity building of community-based organizations in China the case of an international AIDS concern organization in Yunnan /." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2007. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B38612859.
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Trainor, John Kevin. "Poverty in the Land of Plenty? Deconstructing Role of Community-Based Organizations in a Small Community." Scholar Commons, 2017. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/6769.
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Using the lens of a community-based childhood obesity intervention, it is possible to examine the role of non-profit organizations in community development and to deconstruct the “community” in community-based research and identify the many competing interests within a community. This contextual understanding includes how the community is formed, how a community’s agenda is set, and who will complete the tasks outlined in that agenda. In applied anthropological settings and public health interventions that are community-based, it is essential to understand the context of community and which community (or communities) the researcher is working with to ensure that the data you collect reflects the community you wish to impact.
The data collection for this dissertation occurred across phases. In Phase One, the focus was on collecting baseline data for a childhood obesity intervention using participant observation, unstructured interviews, and a community canvassing survey conducted with community volunteers who collected data going door-t- door. A midcourse review of results led to a shift in the research focus from the evaluation of a community-based intervention to an analysis of how community is conceptualized, with its various competing interests, in this particular context. To examine community membership, agenda setting, and how the community seeks to achieve its goals, this project utilized participant observation, unstructured interviewing, and semi-structured interviewing. Phase One data revealed that the community had limited interest in a childhood obesity intervention; additionally, local and county level data was ambiguous about the actual need for such an intervention. As a result, Phase Two data was collected to shed light on the role of community.
There are three actors that make up “the community” at this project’s research site: 1) long-term residents, 2) short-term residents, and 3) the non-profit service providers, who work in the community. The extent to which the service providers are members of the community is somewhat contested, and honorary membership may be exchanged for other forms of capital. The agenda in the research setting appeared to be set by the local non-profit service providers, but data collection showed the importance of long-term residents (and, to a lesser extent, short-term residents) in guiding the focus of the non-profit agencies. To accomplish the goals of the agenda set in the community, a group of women emerged as key actors. In this dissertation I use the termed “Wonder Women” to connote an archetype of a resident in this community context; these women are residents who are committed to the agenda of the community and, through volunteering, are tested for their ability to work often exorbitant hours to achieve the goals of the community. The Wonder Women are worked until a breaking point, at which time they typically leave their post as key players in the community.
This research not only contributes to identifying and operationalizing the concept of “communities” in community-based research but presents a new cultural phenomenon: the emergence of “Wonder Women.” Further research into this phenomenon is required to determine if they are occurring elsewhere and to what extent. Moreover, this dissertation informs the work of non-profit organizations working in the United States. The importance of true community participation and ways to prevent volunteer burnout are emphasized in the lessons learned from the research.
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Fisher, Christopher M. "Assessing sexual health information & resource provision in Indiana youth-serving community-based organizations utilizing community-based participatory research methods." [Bloomington, Ind.] : Indiana University, 2009. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3378347.
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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Indiana University, School of Health, Physical Education and Recreation, 2009.Title from PDF t.p. (viewed on Jul 8, 2010). Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 70-10, Section: B, page: 6149. Adviser: Michael Reece.
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McGillem, Misty Autumn, and Misty Autumn McGillem. "Exploring Compassion Fatigue Among Mental Health Providers in Community-Based Outpatient Organizations." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/623253.
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Background: Providing care to individuals with multifaceted mental health needs can be very demanding and in turn leave mental health professionals at an increased risk for compassion fatigue (CF). Comprised of Burnout (BO), Secondary Traumatic Stress (STS), and a lack of Compassion Satisfaction (CS), CF is the state of exhaustion and dysfunction, emotionally, biologically, and physiologically, due to prolonged exposure to compassion stress. CF can leave healthcare providers at an increased risk for experiencing their own health issues, contributing to tardiness and absenteeism, as well as increasing the risks for such adverse effects as clinical and medication errors, poor treatment planning, and decreased patient satisfaction. Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to identify the risk factors for CF and describe the perceptions of CF among outpatient mental health providers employed in urban community-based mental health outpatient organization. Method and Sampling: A qualitative descriptive study design utilizing two focus groups, each having four participants was conducted to assess outpatient mental health providers’perceptions of CF. Purposeful sampling of current providers in two community-based mental health outpatient organizations was performed to protect the privacy and enhance the comfort of each participant as they discussed elements of CF. Findings: Five themes were identified from the focus group analysis: the participant’s perceived definition of CF, participant perceptions of prevalence of CF in the mental health setting, participant perceptions regarding the triggers, perceived participant causes of CF, and self-care practices. These results reflect data collected in a mental health setting however, the findings are consistent with current research contributed from other specialties. Conclusion: Personal descriptions of the experiences and insights of these providers expand the current CF literature and will contribute to the development of quality improvement projects committed to reducing compassion fatigue among outpatient mental health providers.
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Green, John J. "Community-based cooperatives and networks : participatory social movement assessment of four organizations /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 2002. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p3060099.
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Norton, Mark A. (Mark Arlington). "The role of community based organizations in a changing workforce development environment : Somerville Community Corporation's response to new skill demands and new workplace organizations." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/69385.
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Cheng, Nga-sze Venus, and 鄭雅詩. "The role of International non-governmental organizations in the institutional capacity building of community-based organizations inChina: the case of an international AIDSconcern organization in Yunnan." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2007. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B38612859.
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Hickman, Troy Vaughn. "Building community and bridging cultures : the role of volunteer tutors in Oregon's Latino serving community-based organizations." PDXScholar, 2009. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/4053.
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Literature for and about successful volunteer literacy programs highlight and advocate for practices that inform administrators and trainers of the needs and expectations of volunteer tutors. Applications of this knowledge can affect the type of policies that administrators implement in their programs and the type of support that they provide for their tutors. This project was an opportunity for the researcher to reflect on his experiences as a consultant and trainer with community-based programs and to increase his understanding of the volunteers in order to assist in future administration and training work.
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Hall, Sarah Hippensteel. "Citizen Professionals: The Effective Practices of Experts Helping Community Organizations." [Yellow Springs, Ohio] : Antioch University, 2010. http://etd.ohiolink.edu/view.cgi?acc_num=antioch1277993862.
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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Antioch University, 2010.Title from PDF t.p. (viewed July 22, 2010). Advisor: Richard Couto, Ph.D. "A dissertation submitted to the Ph.D. in Leadership and Change program of Antioch University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, March 2010."--from the title page. Includes bibliographical references (p. 155-165).
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Cortez, Laura Jazmin. "Engaging youth| Recruitment and retainment of youth in community-based organizations for civic engagement." Thesis, California State University, Long Beach, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1596458.
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Research by Opportunity Nation shows that as civic engagement increases for 16-24 year olds, so do the positive outcomes for youth and for states in terms of economic opportunity and mobility. Yet, research indicates that rates of youth participation in their communities are historically lower than those of adults, with rates among minority youth lower than their white counterparts. Community-based organizations (CBOs) seek to reverse disengagement through civic engagement programs. Current research focuses on identifying predictors for civic engagement and the potential for CBOs to enhance civic engagement, particularly among disadvantaged youth. This study builds on existing literature by analyzing the efforts of one CBO, Khmer Girls in Action, to improve civic engagement among Khmer youth in Long Beach, CA. The results suggest that a structured environment with strong relationships and youth-centered curriculum is ideal to encourage youth civic engagement.
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Concha, Maritza. "Understanding collaboration, its antecedents and perceived outcomes in service partnerships of community-based organizations." Doctoral diss., University of Central Florida, 2011. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/4879.
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However, it is also important to note that findings on the comparison between front liners and supervisors are exploratory in nature as there could be other external factors that could affect the impact in inter-organizational collaboration and collaboration outcomes. Regarding the focus groups, three themes emerged with respect to the motivations for participating in service partnerships. Agents for social change, building relationships and needs of resources are recurrent themes that explained the desires to collaborate. On collaboration practices, two main general themes emerged which are interdependence and partnership values. Lastly, impacting the community, sustainability issues and expanding services were the main themes found when perception of service partnership outcomes was addressed. Findings of this study suggest further exploration on multi-dimensional models of collaboration, investigate differences in staff perceptions, and continue exploring the influence of social threat responsiveness in inter-organizational collaboration and perceived partnerships outcomes.; The purpose of this study is to assess the motivations of community-based organizations (CBOs) staff to participate in service partnerships and their influence on collaboration practices and perceived outcomes of collaborative efforts. This study uses structural equation modeling to assess the relationships between exogenous variables (motivational factors) and endogenous variables (inter-organizational collaboration and perceived outcomes). This study also uses qualitative methods to address perceptions on collaboration not captured by the survey instrument. A total of 538 service partnership staff (supervisors and front liners) received the survey's link or a copy of the survey to participate. Out of the 538, 217 completed the survey which represents a 40% response rate. Due to missing responses and multiple outliers, 201 observations were used for analysis. Based on the findings of this study, it was concluded that the development of service partnerships are mostly affected by environmental factors related to solving social problems which accounts for 37% of variance in inter-organizational collaboration. Empirical evidence from this study has shown that CBOs staff have the tendency to work for the purpose of meeting their social missions. Furthermore, inter-organizational collaboration accounts for 76% of variance in perceived outcomes. When a three factor collaboration model was created, it was further noticed that cognitive and resource reciprocity statistically significant influence perceived outcomes where differences in the perceptions of front liners and supervisors were also found. These findings highlight important aspects to understand the collaboration dynamics of service partnerships and also points out the different views of community based organization staff regarding the motivation to collaborate and the impact of collaboration practices in perceived collaboration outcomes.ID: 030422807; System requirements: World Wide Web browser and PDF reader.; Mode of access: World Wide Web.; Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Central Florida, 2011.; Includes bibliographical references (p. 144-157).
Ph.D.
Doctorate
Public Affairs
Health and Public Affairs
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MINICH, LISA. "MEASURING COMMUNITY CHANGE IN OUTCOMES-BASED INITIATIVES: A COMPARATIVE CASE STUDY OF SUCCESS BY 6 SITES." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2004. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1100875525.
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Wong, Ronald Quen-Lam 1973. "An analysis of community-based organizations' efforts in small business assistance : a case study of the CDC Community Business Network." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/70731.
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Thesis (M.C.P.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Urban Studies and Planning, 2000.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 61-62).
Efforts by community-based organizations (CBOs), such as community development corporations (CDCs), have incorporated small business development into their overall neighborhood revitalization efforts with mixed success, especially when working with minority, low- and moderate-income entrepreneurs. These entrepreneurs often lack the technical skills and access to capital that they need to start, expand, or maintain their businesses. They face linguistic and social barriers that isolate them from traditional lenders and small business assistance providers. This thesis seeks to 1) provide a context for community-based organizations' roles in small business development for those unfamiliar with the challenges involved in minority, low- and moderate-income business development and 2) provide CBOs interested in pursuing small business development with some comparative guidelines for their own efforts. The thesis identifies three elements that contribute to the success of small businesses-social, human, and financial capital. Minority, low- and moderate-income entrepreneurs often face deficiencies in one or more of these elements. Community development corporations have attempted to provide technical assistance to businesses in their communities to address these issues, but are often faced with their own constraints of limited staffing and resources. One collaboration of ten Boston area CDCs is attempting to break down these constraints and combine and share the expertise of the member CDCs. This collaboration known as the CDC Community Business Network (CBN) provides one-on-one neighborhood-based assistance yet also provides access to the larger experiences and contacts of the other member CDCs. Even with the shared resources of its member CDCs, CBN still faces its own challenges of limited skills, capacity, and funding; an unclear role among other technical assistance providers; and the need to develop effective collaborations with other stakeholders in small business development. The thesis examines two other small business assistance networks and looks to them for lessons in addressing the deficiencies in the three types of capital and the challenges facing CBN. The two comparable networks offer alternative organizational and operational approaches to small business assistance. This thesis asserts that small business assistance organizations must have an understanding of the deficiencies in social, human, and financial capital in order to effectively assist minority, low- and moderate-income entrepreneurs.
by Ronald Quen-Lam Wong.
M.C.P.
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Logue, Melanie, and Jennifer Drago. "Evaluation of a modified community based care transitions model to reduce costs and improve outcomes." BioMed Central, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/610029.
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BACKGROUND:The Affordable Care Act of 2010 proposed maximum penalty equal to 1% of regular Medicare reimbursements which prompted change in how hospitals regard 30-day readmissions. While several hospital to home transitional care models demonstrated a reduction in readmissions and cost savings, programs adapted to population needs and existing resources was essential.METHODS:Focusing on process and outcomes evaluation, a retrospective analysis of a modified community based care transitions program was conducted.RESULTS:In addition to high levels of patient satisfaction with the care transitions program, participants' confidence with self care was significantly improved. Further, the program evaluation demonstrated a 73% reduction in readmissions and an actual Medicare cost savings during the 9-month study period of $214,192, excluding the cost to administer the program.CONCLUSIONS:While there are several transitional care programs in existence, a customized approach is desirable and often required as the most cost effective way to manage care transitions and employ evidence based policy making. This study established some of the pitfalls when implementing a community-based transitional care program and demonstrated encouraging outcomes.
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Husebo, Michael. "Labor Agency beyond the Union: The Coalition of Immokalee Workers and Faith-Based Community Organizations." Digital Archive @ GSU, 2011. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/geosciences_theses/34.
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Labor geographers have identified multiple strategies through which workers assert their demands in an era of global production networks. In this thesis I examine the strategic organizational actions of the Coalition of Immokalee Workers (CIW), a community-based organization representing immigrant farm-workers in southwestern Florida. Central to the successes of the CIW is its strategy to organize and embed its agency in civil society. Social actors have proved to be of vital importance as they enabled the CIW to position itself strategically in important locations of the production network to contest capitalist geographies more effectively. Using qualitative analysis of in-depth interviews with representatives of churches, religious-community organizations, and interfaith non-profits working with the CIW, I argue that the CIW‘s strategies theoretically expands our understanding of labor agency and how spatiality, and specifically place, shapes the potential for workers‘ agency.
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Juckett, Lisa A. "Implementing Fall Prevention Guidelines in Home- and Community-Based Service Organizations: A Mixed-Methods Study." The Ohio State University, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1574712655118174.
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Mwera, Tano S. "Community awareness and participation in disaster risk management: the case of khayelitsha TR-section." University of the Western Cape, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/4821.
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Masters in Public Administration - MPACommunity participation and awareness in disaster risk management is widely recognized as a cornerstone for disaster risk reduction and effective response and recovery strategies. This goes parallel with the world paradigm shift form relief and response to prevention and mitigation. There is gradually increase of fire and floods in informal settlements and Khayelitsha TR- Section in particular. “From 1995-2005 more than 8554 informal dwelling fire incidents occurred in Cape Town alone, affecting 40 558 households and around 160 000 peoples" (DiMP, 2008). And in 2007 alone floods affected 8,000 households and 38 residents in the Cape Town informal settlement of Khayelitsha; Bongani TR-Section and Phillippi; Phola park (Bouchard et al, 2007). This study analyzed community participation and awareness mechanisms in disaster risk management, its implementation, practice and effectiveness, following the promulgation of the Disaster Management Act No 57 of 2002, taking Khayelitsha TR- Section as a case study. In order to achieve the stated objectives, the researcher employed a combination of both qualitative and quantitative research paradigms. In qualitative context semi-structured interviews were conducted with the key informants disaster management officials and Khayelitsha TR-Section ward structure officials. Quantitative method, 100 structured questionnaires were distributed to Khayelitsha TR-Section residents. Using Khayelitsha TR- Section as a case study the thesis argues that despite the enabling policy and resource allocation for community participation and awareness its implementation proved to be a failure. Most of the mechanisms directed by the act are not implemented and those implemented its practice is not effective to achieve its stated objectives of risk reduction and effective response and recovery to disaster incidents. The study reviewed literature and theories of community participation and awareness in disaster risk management. It reviewed and outlined a policy framework and institutional arrangement for community participation and awareness in disaster risk management in accordance with the Disaster Management Act (No 57 of 2002). It further determined the level of community participation and awareness mechanism implementation. Records the level of community awareness and understanding, it determines the effectiveness of community participation and awareness mechanisms and finally based on the empirical results, literature reviews and theories, the study provides a number of recommendations to enhance and improved of community participation and awareness to disaster risk management officials and policy makers.
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Heyward, Benjamin Rex, and ben heyward@baptistworldaid-au org. "A Comparative Study of Community Participation in the Philippines." Flinders University. Geography, 2006. http://catalogue.flinders.edu.au./local/adt/public/adt-SFU20070328.131827.
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Community participation takes place when community members act together as subjects. It is argued here that community participation empowers when community members take decisions, or negotiate an equitable share in making the decisions that affect them. However, since participation takes place within a network of power relations it is not necessarily empowering but can take a range of forms from enforcement to empowerment, whereby empowerment may involve not only willing cooperation, but also resistance to outsider project objectives. This thesis explores these issues through a study of how people in three Philippine upland communities participated in soil conservation and livelihood restoration projects initiated by three different NGOs.
The principal aim of the study was to identify and examine the changing discourses of development and participation held by the NGOs and by the members of the subject communities. The development discourses revolved around socio-ecology, described as the relationship between the culture and society of Filipino subsistence smallholders and the ecological units of their local environment. The failure of this existing socio-ecology under the pressure of increasing population density on a limited upland resource base was the stimulus for change in the study communities. The thesis compares the NGOs practice of engaging with the communities with their discourses of participation, and examines the importance of the relationships between the NGOs, government agencies and the communities for the success of the projects.
The study identified several key factors in the empowerment of subject groups. Firstly, the need for a discourse that enables them to embark on socio-ecological change. For the Filipino communities examined here, the discourse of sustainability was validated by enabling the restoration of their livelihoods. Secondly, outside agencies, either NGO or government, may be needed to catalyse community change processes. Thirdly, the subjects need leaders who have the vision and skills to work for the desired livelihood and social development outcomes. Training activities of livelihood restoration proved highly significant in expanding womens political space that led to opportunities for them to take up leadership, as well as giving capacity-building training for existing and future leaders which helped to equalize gender relations between men and women. Fourthly, the policy and program initiatives of host government agencies can synergize with community and partner agency activities at several levels, including resourcing and building the capacities of leadership.
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Evenson, Daniela. "The impact of provincial government funding arrangements on community-based nonprofit organizations providing mental health services." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/MQ57537.pdf.
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Siddiky, Shakera. "The corporate instigation of community-based organizations : analysis of two oil and gas companies in India." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2016. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/38866/.
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There is increasing evidence to suggest that Corporate Community Involvement (CCI) has gone beyond philanthropy towards more innovative approaches in addressing complex social problems. One example is particularly evident in developing countries where corporations organize the local community in their operational areas into community-based organizations (CBOs), such as self-help groups, and enable them to tackle social problems by themselves. In this thesis, I explore this emerging CCI mode, termed Corporate Instigation of Community-Based Organizations (CICBO), by focusing on the contexts in which such engagement is conceptualized, the process through which it is put into practice and the outcomes of such engagement. I adopt an institutional perspective, grounded in the umbrella concept of institutional work that highlights the recursive relationship between institutional environment and organizational actions within which a new CCI mode emerges. An analytical framework is built around the constituent components of institutional work (e.g., enabling conditions, agency, actions and consequences) that allows for a process-oriented exploration of the emergence of a CCI mode as an organization-level institution. The framework is employed to examine three key aspects of CICBO: company motives to initiate the mode and the contextual factors that influence those motives, the micro-processes through which the mode emerges, and its outcomes at multiple levels. In doing so, my study presents an alternative theoretical perspective on CCI, one based on institutional work. At the same time, it also contributes to the bottom-up theorization of institutional work. This research is interpretive in nature. A case study method is utilised for in-depth investigation of the CICBO mode of two oil and gas companies in India, the Oil India Limited and the Cairn India Limited, applying multiple qualitative research techniques such as interviews, focus group discussions and document analysis. The empirical findings provide valuable insights on the antecedents, processes and consequences in the emergence of the CICBO mode in particular and broader CCI discourse in general. This situates my research among the few studies that contribute to the processual understanding of CCI. The study identifies a legitimacy crisis at the community level arising from incompatible institutional arrangements, recognition of future business threat or opportunity, and a company’s habitual orientation towards community engagement as the key drivers for CICBO. However, prevalence of such a contingent environment alone is not enough to manifest the CICBO mode. As an intelligent and reflexive actor, the company reflects on its past, assesses the present, projects itself into the future, and assigns different levels of importance to each of these factors. As observed in the study, CICBO emerges when securing future business interest is associated with ensuring long-term social legitimacy through effective solutions to critical social issues. This finding makes explicit the connection between strategic motives and subsequent framing of CICBO as the solution to achieve them. CICBO aims to create a community-level practice of CBO-oriented collective problem solving. It focuses on gradually building important community capital in a way that enables the community to maintain the practice without company support. This signifies a dual institutional creation work where the activities for creating community-level practice in the field occur under the umbrella of a temporary CCI practice that is created in parallel. The company’s intention to continue the support for a limited time only reflects its commitment to community empowerment, rather than inflicting further dependence. CICBO unfolds through iterative phases of conceptual (design) and operational (implementation) activities, where a stable template gradually emerges through repeated incorporation of ongoing learning. As such, the emergence of CICBO depicts high interactions among company, community and other social actors. In particular, the process highlights diverse roles of the local community as the initial adopters of the CBO-oriented practice, supporters in the promotional activities, part of the maintenance mechanisms, and most importantly eventual upholder of the practice. The findings identify the ability of CICBO to create shared values for the CCI actors and potential for community empowerment. More importantly, the success of CICBO is observed to inspire various social actors including other organizations and the wider community to engage in similar and complementary practices, resulting in widespread diffusion of CBO-oriented activities. The findings bring new insights for practitioners, policy makers and communities, particularly in developing countries, who seek to design and implement similar practices as effective and sustainable solutions for complex social issues.
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Barnes, Nielan. "Transnational networks and community-based organizations: the dynamics of AIDS activism in Tijuana and Mexico City /." Diss., Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC IP addresses, 2005. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p3167838.
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Abiche, Tefera Talore. "Community development initiatives and poverty reduction: the role of the Ethiopian Kale Heywot Church in Ethiopia." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2004. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&.
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Ethiopia is a country well endowed with a number of development related NGOs who have been involved in socio-economic development at national, regional and grassroots level. In a country like Ethiopia, where natural and man-made hazards persist, NGOs play a crucial role in terms of reducing poverty and other human sufferings. As one of the non-governmental organizations, the Ethiopian Kale Heywot Church Development Program (EKHCDP) has played an important role in supporting and encouraging the development aspirations of local communities in the areas of environmental rehabilitation, water and sanitation, agriculture, health, education, credit and saving schemes.The study focused on the Ethiopian Kale Heywot Church community development program in five selected project areas, namely Lambuda, Durame, Shashamane, Debraziet and Nazret. The analysis subsequently examined the nature and extent of community participation in the project planning, implementation and decision-making phases. Thereafter, the study brought into focus general observations gleaned from the investigation and provides recommendation to the EKHC and other stakeholders that have been involved in development activities.
Quantitative and qualitative methods of research have been applied throughout the investigation. Accordingly, observation, in depth interviews, focus group discussions and structured and semi-structured questionnaires were used to gather information. The qualitative mode was employed to gather socially dynamic information on issues relating to beneficiaries&rsquo
perceptions of processes in order to gain a deeper understanding of the dynamics at play. On the other hand, the quantitative mode was used to test variables related to the research problem.
The findings indicate that the Ethiopian Kale Heywot Church development program has played a significant role in terms of community development. Moreover, its development approach is responsive to local needs and able to mobilize local and external resources to support the poor, so that through empowerment and participation they will be released from the deprivation trap that they find themselves in. The study also indicates that the EKHCDP has good linkages and networks with other communities and partners. However, the study indicated that the intensity of community participation in decision-making is still low in certain cases. Meanwhile, the beneficiaries did not show a clear understanding of aspects such as project ownership. Finally, this study recommends that genuine community participation should be maintained because it is the core activity contributing to beneficiary empowerment and grassroots institutional capacity building and an essential ingredient for self-reliance and project sustainability.
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Diamond, Sarah D. "An exploratory study of the motivation and retention of adult high-functioning volunteers in community-based non-profit organizations." Diss., Kansas State University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/35298.
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Doctor of EducationDepartment of Educational Leadership
W. Franklin Spikes
Non-profit organizations come in many shapes and sizes and in some cases, encompass a significant portion of community organizations. Since these agencies are largely sustained by the work of volunteers, it is a worthy subject to examine. The diversity and complexity of non-profits available among communities presents a need for volunteers’ to be skilled, trained, and experienced in an array of arenas. Non-profit organizations depend on volunteers and allow these entities to reach a larger population than exclusively with the limited staff members available (Fisher & Cole, 1993). This notion suggested the topic of motivation and retention of volunteers among community non-profits for the focus of this study to help organizations effectively deliver their mission. More specifically, this investigation centered on people who are considered high-functioning by the administrators with whom they work through the process of interviews. Non-profit organizations located in Denver, Colorado were selected to participate. The administrators of the chosen agencies were contacted and asked to identify volunteers in their program they classify as high-functioning. Once this list was identified, these individuals were contacted and asked to participate in an interview. This study focused on high-functioning volunteers for data collection because it was anticipated their characteristics and viewpoints will aid in the understanding of motivation and retention factors for anyone working with and supervising volunteers in the 21st century. The findings from the study provide a diverse assessment of the topic of volunteer motivation and retention. The data collected suggests that adult volunteers have varying needs and the importance for volunteer administrators to take these differences into consideration in their management and programming efforts.
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Kinney, Kimberlee Ann. "Exploration of Facilitators, Barriers and Opportunities for Faith-Based Organizations to Implement Nutrition and Physical Activity Programs and Partner with Virginia's Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program Education." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/82927.
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Poor diet and physical inactivity contribute to excessive weight and related diseases in the United States. Given the increasing rates of adult overweight and obesity among Americans, there is a need to develop and implement effective prevention and treatment strategies to decrease the public health burden of obesity-related chronic diseases. Faith-based organizations (FBOs) provide a unique setting and partnership opportunity for delivering evidence-based programs into communities that can be sustained. The federally funded Virginia Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program Education (SNAP-Ed) delivered through Virginia Tech's Cooperative Extension and Family Nutrition Program, utilizes evidence-based programs to promote healthy eating and physical activity among limited income populations. The Virginia SNAP-Ed Volunteer Led Nutrition Education Initiative uses SNAP-Ed agents and educators to reach limited income populations by training and coordinating volunteers from communities to deliver nutrition education programs. However, these partnerships and training initiatives have been underutilized in FBOs across Virginia. This dissertation research describes four studies conducted to better understand how to facilitate collaborative partnerships and health-promotion programming initiatives between academic/extension educators and FBOs to build capacity and inform future initiatives within VCE. Study one conducted a literature review to examine FBO characteristics and multi-level strategies used to implement nutrition and physical activity interventions. Study two examined VCE SNAP-Ed agents' perspectives on FBO partnerships to deliver health programming. Study three assessed three FBOs and their member health needs to identify policies, systems and environments to support healthy lifestyles. Study four examined the acceptability of Faithful Families, a faith-based nutrition and physical activity program delivered in a rural church, and explored ways to build capacity for program sustainability through input from stakeholder partners. Results across studies yielded information which helped to identify and prioritize strategies for promoting FBO partnerships within VCE and helped to generate questions that merit further investigation to identify specific culturally relevant strategies for promoting health in FBOs. This exploratory body of research contributes to the field by describing relevant opportunities for academic sectors to partner with FBOs using participatory approaches to increase partnership readiness and build capacity to carry out and sustain health programs within faith settings.Ph. D.
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Fulford, Casey. "Knowledge Mobilization in Community-Based Services: Supporting Friendships for Adults with Intellectual Disabilities." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/40312.
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The objective of this dissertation was to conduct an evaluation of a knowledge mobilization process in a community-based organization that supports adults with intellectual disabilities. The aim of the project was to understand how stakeholders share knowledge, use knowledge, and collaborate to make decisions regarding practices to support friendships for adults with intellectual disabilities. We produced two literature reviews; one systematically documented the views of adults with intellectual disabilities with regard to their relationships, and the other examined existing literature on strategies to support friendships. We also conducted two primary research studies in which we documented and evaluated knowledge mobilization activities in community-based organizations. We used a mixed-methods approach and collected data from a variety of stakeholder groups associated with a community-based organization, including staff members and the organization’s director, adults with intellectual disabilities, and family caregivers. Additionally, we collected data from staff working in a variety of community-based organizations that support adults with intellectual disabilities. During our primary research studies, we produced a variety of knowledge mobilization outputs regarding friendship support, including an evidence brief, a conference presentation, online presentations in French and English, and an informational website in French and English. The results of the studies included in this dissertation, our recommendations regarding community-based knowledge mobilization, and the knowledge mobilization outputs we developed can be used to improve knowledge mobilization practices in community-based services. Studying knowledge mobilization to support individuals with intellectual disabilities highlights some of the complexities that should be considered within community-based services, such as working with a variety of stakeholder groups, and including stakeholders that are potentially vulnerable to social exclusion.
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Harbor, Aderonke Omolola. "Assessment of the monitoring and evaluation tools for transversal training management agency for targeted community based organizations." Thesis, University of Fort Hare, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10353/1172.
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The purpose of this study was to determine if monitoring and evaluation tools at a local level could help bring about sustainability of rural projects of the community based organizations thereby making the livelihoods of community members better in the Eastern Cape Province. To accomplish this objective, a case study of the training provided by Transversal Training Management Agency (TTMA) was assessed within the concept of the practice of evaluation and seeking to answer four research questions: To what extent should capacity development create sustainable managerial competencies for rural projects? Are monitoring and evaluation tools the key to sustainable projects? How will knowledge and application of M&E tools improve capacity development of CBOs? What are the policy lessons that can be derived from the application of M&E tools for the grass roots groups? The research design was in two parts namely the literature review which focuses on the roles of social change theory and program theory approaches of evaluation which is best applicable for the grassroots, then the case study of TTMA. This was a qualitative research whereby secondary data source was mainly used. The researcher was an employee of TTMA within the period of study, therefore, was able to validate information. Multiple community projects were studied using the secondary data analysis. This was necessary because of the geographic spread of the CBOs that were trained all around the Eastern Cape province and the language barrier would have pose a challenge to the researcher if all project members were to be interviewed. The main findings of the study shows that training was well conducted and project members gave positive feedback about training but what was absent in the training is a study of a monitoring and evaluation framework for the projects‘ members as one of the necessary managerial competencies in order for them to track progress and warning signals in the project cycle before it is too late. In conclusion some recommendations have been made amongst which is a practical handbook of M&E for the grassroots. This provides variety of tools that can best suit the literacy levels of project members that this study targeted. TTMA can therefore, adopt this as part of the training courses for project sustainability.
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Abrahams, John Aron. "An analysis of the funding patterns and sources of community based organizations who deliver adult basic education." Diss., This resource online, 1997. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-10052007-143254/.
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Williams, Dale, of Western Sydney Hawkesbury University, Faculty of Agriculture and Horticulture, and School of Agriculture and Rural Development. "A participatory approach to evaluating voluntary rural community-based organizations is an effective tool for organizational learning and ensuing rural community development, as evidenced in the participative evaluation of the Southern Riverina Rural Advisory Service." THESIS_FAH_ARD_Williams_D.xml, 1995. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/69.
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The central argument of this thesis is that participative approaches to evaluating voluntary rural community-based organisations are an effective tool for organisational learning and ensuing rural community development. This proposition is explored through the evaluation and strategic planning of the Southern Riverina Rural Advisory Service, a community-based counselling organisation. The Service works with families experiencing financial hardship and associated stress. The thesis is multi-faceted and generic issues included: the importance of commitment by rural communities and organisations to creating frameworks for understanding and acting in integrated ways to the diversity, inter-relatedness and conflict of issues, wishes and needs of members, and to develop the capacity to transform contexts of dependency-oriented crisis situations to ones of self-responsible, interdependent change; the need to view contexts through integration of local, regional, national and global perspectives and to develop networks to integrate understanding and action; and to continue learning how to better enhance organisational and community-based learning.Master of Science (Hons)
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Hatley, Pamela Jo. "Preserving Place: A Grounded Theory of Citizen Participation in Community-Based Planning." Scholar Commons, 2013. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/4503.
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For this research project I used grounded theory methodology and qualitative research methods to examine how and why citizens participated in local community-based planning and land development entitlement processes, and learn about their experiences participating in those processes. I conceptualized the citizens' main concern as preserving the character of the place they consider their community. This research demonstrates that citizens participate in community-based planning and land development entitlement processes out of a concern for preserving the character of their communities. They define the character of their communities in terms of their geographic boundaries, history, traditions, people, lifestyle, and qualitative features including land uses, architecture, terrain, and environmental attributes. "Preserving Place" refers to citizens' efforts to maintain the character of their communities as they know and embrace them.
Citizens participate in collaborative community-based planning because they believe the process affords them an opportunity to set public policy that directly impacts their lives and their communities. Likewise, citizens participate in land development decision-making and entitlement processes in an effort to ensure that land use decisions are consistent with their community plan and preserve their community's character. Citizens form networks, such as voluntary community organizations, through which they organize their efforts and mentor each other to learn about complex local government land use processes and how to participate in them effectively. Through their network organizations citizens also marshal resources when necessary to mount formal legal actions in response to land development decisions they perceive as inconsistent with their community plan and their community's character.
Citizens who participate in local government land use processes are often pejoratively called "activists" and accused of being "anti-growth" or "NIMBY" (Not-In-My-Back-Yard). However, this research shows the main concern of citizens who participate in the community-based planning and other land use processes is not to oppose growth and development in their communities; but rather to plan for growth and development and ensure they occur in a way that respects and preserves what the citizens know as the character of the places they consider their communities.
I collected data from public records of community-based planning workshops and other land use decision-making processes that affected three communities in Hillsborough County, Florida between 1998 and 2011. I analyzed public record archives and interviewed 22 citizens, all of whom had participated in community-based planning or plan review processes and land development entitlement processes. The model that emerged from the data in this research demonstrates how significant the character of a community is to the people who embrace the community and consider it their home, and how their concern for preserving the character of their community motivates people to get involved in land use policies that affect them. The model further demonstrates the capacity of citizens to organize their efforts to defend and preserve their community's character.
This research contributes to the literature on citizen participation by providing an explanatory model that demonstrates how and why citizens participate in local government land use processes. This research can also be applied to practice to improve collaborative processes and help local government land use policy makers and land developers understand the motivations behind citizen participation in land use processes, and thus how to approach the resolution of conflicts among citizens, planners, local governments, private landowners and land development interests.
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Alston, Harry L. Jr. "Urban League of Central Carolinas – Civil Rights Organizations in a New Era: An Action Research Study of One Organization’s Pursuit of New Strategies." Antioch University / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=antioch1306934753.
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Dede, Martha J. ""Candles of the nation" : community-based nonprofit human service institutions in the process of public governance /." Diss., This resource online, 1996. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-05222007-091427/.
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Dieke, Ada. "ADOLESCENT ENGAGEMENT WITHIN COMMUNITY-BASED PUBLIC HEALTH EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS AND RESPONSE ORGANIZATIONS: AN ASSESSMENT OF THE MEDICAL RESERVE CORPS." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/216973.
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Participation in risky behaviors is a common threat to an adolescent's health. Youth engagement (YE), a youth's meaningful and sustained participation in an activity, is a way to help reduce that threat. The Medical Reserve Corps (MRC), a public health emergency preparedness and response organization, has opportunities for engaging youth. However, few adolescents participate in MRC activities, signaling network-wide variations in working with youth. Furthermore, there is a gap in the literature exploring YE in emergency preparedness organizations, including the MRC. The purpose of this dissertation was to better understand youth engagement and development within organizations like these. With the MRC as the example and youth development theories as the lens, YE was examined as well as challenges and benefits of YE, needs, and use of YE strategies within the MRC. An exploratory sequential mixed-methods approach was used to assess YE in the MRC: Phase I- key informant interviews of youth (ages 14-18) and adults in and out of MRC (N=17); and Phase II- a nationwide web-based survey of adult MRC unit leaders (N=215). Qualitative data was analyzed with Microsoft Word and Excel; quantitative data analyzed with Stata 12.0. Results revealed common challenges experienced by MRC units working with youth, including liability concerns. Benefits found include preparation of the youth for future careers and giving youth a focus beyond themselves. A Spearman's correlation found a statistically significant association (r=0.30, N=52, p=0.0288) between the use of the core YE principles and the level of youth participation among the MRC units with youth membership, meaning use of these principles may be helpful in better involving youth. Furthermore, "Building Youth and Adult Capacity" was the top YE principle used among the MRC units that allow youth membership to engage youth. Despite noted challenges, engaging adolescents in the MRC still has many benefits with long-term public health and maternal and child implications for youth in emergency preparedness organizations. These include development of a responsible youth that protects their peers, families, and local communities from public health challenges, positively impacting the community. Recommendations for building student MRC programs across the nation have been provided.
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Jay, Sarah 1986. "Vickery Meadow Community Needs Assessment." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2014. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc699942/.
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This study represents a community needs assessment conducted for Trans.lation Vickery Meadow, a community-based organization in a North Dallas community, Vickery Meadow. Vickery Meadow is a community where refugee resettlement agencies place incoming clients, and therefore, there is a focus on immigrants and refugees in this study. Using theoretical conceptions of development, immigration policy, and the refugee resettlement process, this project measured residential perceptions of Vickery Meadow, the operations of Trans.lation Vickery Meadow, and overall community needs. Also included are perceptions of Trans.lation Vickery Meadow members concerning community needs and the operations of Trans.lation. Recommendations are made based upon research and conclusions from fieldwork.
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Fitchett, Leah Lynn. "The Roles of Local Organizations in Collaborative Resource Governance: A Qualitative Case Study of Lake Associations." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/93405.
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Human communities across the globe are currently facing an epidemic of lake water quality degradation, primarily resulting from resource and land-use decisions that introduce excessive amounts of nutrients into the lake system. In many of these communities, local volunteer groups called lake associations work to protect these cherished lake resources. Lake associations and similar groups commonly respond to issues that are most prevalent in their respective watersheds including, but not limited to, algae blooms, declines in water transparency, and fish kills. Yet, there is little research on the role these groups actively or potentially play in lake governance and management. This study investigates the specific structures and strategies lake associations use to address lake water quality challenges using a comparative case analysis of two organizations: Lake Sunapee Protective Association (LSPA; Sunapee, NH) and Clean Lakes Alliance (CLA; Madison, WI). I performed a content analysis of self-published newsletters, annual reports, and news publications mentioning either lake association, and supplemented this data with semi-structured interviews of key individuals from each organization. I characterized and compared the missions, capacity, and activity of the two case studies by applying a conceptual framework as a lens through which to better understand the function these groups serve in their communities and what makes them effective. I found that, although the two groups structure themselves differently, take on distinct activity pathways, and orient themselves differently with respect to lake conservation, they have both been effective in achieving decision-making or management outcomes. This is a first step in identifying the diversity of ways community-based conservation organizations, such as lake associations, can meaningfully contribute to collaborative environmental governance processes on the local scale.Master of Science
Around the world, people who live on lakes are dealing with significant declines in lake water quality. These declines have been linked to various land management decisions, which can introduce excess nutrients to the lake system that promote excessive algal or bacterial growth, and to the ways people choose to use the lake resource, which can introduce non-native, or invasive, plant and animal species. In many lake communities, local volunteer groups called lake associations work to protect their local lake resources. Lake associations can respond to the specific problems facing their lake and act to manage the lake resource and the land around it. Yet, there is little research on the role these groups actively or potentially play in lake management and conservation. This study investigates the specific organizational structures and strategies lake associations and similar groups use to address water quality declines in lake communities. I collected historic documentation and completed oral interviews for two case study associations, Lake Sunapee Protective Association (LSPA; Sunapee, NH) and Clean Lakes Alliance (CLA; Madison, WI), to characterize and compare their missions, organizational capacities, and activities. This analysis allows me to better understand what makes these groups effective and the functions they serve in their communities. I found that, although the two groups are structured differently and implement different strategies to achieve outcomes, they both have been effective in achieving lake management and conservation outcomes in line with their respective missions. This is a first step in identifying the diversity of ways community-based conservation organizations, such as lake associations, can meaningfully contribute to local environmental management and conservation.
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Williams, Dale. "A participatory approach to evaluating voluntary rural community-based organizations is an effective tool from organizational learning and ensuing rural community development, as evidenced in the participative evaluation of the Southern Riverina Rural Advisory Service /." View thesis View thesis, 1995. http://library.uws.edu.au/adt-NUWS/public/adt-NUWS20030603.110449/index.html.
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Campbell, Sarah Elizabeth. "Working the Poor| Barriers to CalFresh Participation and Enrollment Exploring client experiences and the role of community-based organizations in outreach." Thesis, University of California, Davis, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1585052.
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Abstract In this thesis, I draw on qualitative research collected through a California food bank's CalFresh outreach program to examine barriers to SNAP participation. Drawing on ethnographic methodology, I conducted participant observation, semi-structured interviews, phone surveys and numerous informal interviews in order to develop a client narrative around the application process. Through this research I explored the obstacles and barriers clients must overcome to enroll and maintain enrollment in CalFresh. My research findings revealed there are numerous barriers to participation. Some barriers are a result of being a vulnerable low-income individual or household, while others are a result of program administration or service delivery. My research also revealed that having a community based advocate or CBO intermediary significantly improved the client experience. Having assistance and an advocate throughout the application process improved the application experience as well as retention in the program. Keywords: Keywords: CalFresh Participation, SNAP, food stamps, CalFresh outreach, food bank outreach
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Sarriot, Eric Gilles. "Qualitative research to develop a framework for evaluating the sustainability of community-based child health programs implemented by non-governmental organizations." Available to US Hopkins community, 2002. http://wwwlib.umi.com/dissertations/dlnow/3068208.
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Mwanje, Dianne. "Smokeless homes : Challenges for Increasing Use of Improved Biomass Cookstoves in Kisumu, Kenya." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Tema Miljöförändring, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-153781.
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In Kenya, 69 percent of populations depend on biomass fuels to meet their cooking needs. The incomplete combustion of biomass is performed in insufficiently ventilated settings thus exposing human health and environment to toxic pollution. To date, women and children in resource limited settings have been most vulnerable to severe respiratory infections. The promotion of the Improved Biomass Cookstoves has become a popular issue in policy, research and practice. Community Based Organizations have however faced serious challenges in increasing sustainable use of the cookstoves among users. This qualitative study investigates the role of Community Based Organizations in promoting the Improved Biomass Cookstoves through women’s empowerment initiatives. It applies focus group interviews, questionnaire and formal interviews. 11 interview forms were administered to 30 women, 2 key informants and 3 implementing Community Based Organization representatives in Dunga wetland community. A combination of previous research and this empirical study show that economic resources, small diameter stove designs as well as insufficient policy support hinder effective stove programmes. While there is general adoption, women lack sufficient income and ownership of land which is a significant resource to empowerment. Women informal financial networks are instrumental in driving behavioral change towards clean cooking in the community. Sufficient gender sensitive policy intervention and support can provide effective channels to ensure sustainable incomes of women, livelihoods and stove use.
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Mulyasari, Farah. "Enhancing Climate-related Disaster Resilience through Effective Risk Communication in Bandung, Indonesia." Master's thesis, 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/188880.
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Gringart, Eyal. "The role of stereotypes in age discrimination in hiring: Evaluation and intervention." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2003. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/1506.
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As the number of older adults grows, governments find it increasingly harder to support them through social and health care services. One solution to this problem is for older adults to remain in paid employment longer. However, older workers are discriminated against due to negative stereotyping by employers. Previous research has found that older females experienced greater discrimination than did older males. In order to address the issue of hiring discrimination against older adults a progressive two-stage research project was conducted. Using a questionnaire that was developed especially for this project, Study One explored the stereotypes held about older workers of both genders among Australian employers and undergraduates, using a national random sample of 128 companies across industries and 187 undergraduates across disciplines. Study One used a 2 x 2 factorial design with sample (employers and undergraduates) and questionnaire version (asking about older males or females) as the independent variables. There were three continuous dependent variables (DVs): 'sum of scale'- a sum of the ratings of the questionnaire's stereotype scale, 'likely to hire'- ratings of respondents' likelihood to hire older workers, and 'age relevance'- ratings of how important respondents' viewed age in making hiring decisions. The results showed systematic stereotyping among both samples with no significant differences across questionnaire version. Both samples indicated that they were less than likely to hire older workers and viewed age as relevant in hiring. Study Two was designed to test two interventions that were aimed to promote positive attitude changes toward older workers. It comprised two stages and used a randomised-controlled trial. In the first stage, respondents were sent one of three intervention materials. One involved inducing cognitive dissonance. Another involved a fact sheet that presented the misconceptions about older workers that were identified in Study One and contrasted them with empirical data. The third was a combination of the other two. In the second, testing stage, those who responded to the intervention plus a new control group were all sent questionnaires to assess the effects of the interventions. Intervention materials were posted to a national random sample of 900 companies across industries and to 147 undergraduate research volunteers. At the testing stage 556 employers and 137 undergraduates were addressed. Ninety seven undergraduates and 267 employers responded. The first stage of Study Two used a 2 x 2 x 2 between subjects design with cognitive dissonance (yes or no), fact sheet (yes or no), and sample (employers and undergraduates) as the independent variables. There were four dependent variables: 'age preference'- respondents' general age preference in hiring, 'sum of scale', 'age relevant', and 'likely to hire'. The last three DVs were based on those used in Study One. The results of Study Two showed no significant differences between either the fact sheet or the cognitive dissonance conditions and controls. The cognitive dissonance and fact sheet combination showed significant positive effects among employers but not among undergraduates. Employers in the combination condition had significantly higher mean 'sum of scale' and 'age preference' scores, and indicated that they were more than likely to hire older workers whilst all other conditions were less than likely to do so. These significant effects in the employers' sample make a case for using the cognitive dissonance and fact sheet combination method in combating hiring discrimination against older workers. The results suggest that the drive to reduce cognitive dissonance could be harnessed to change stereotypes. Finally, the results emphasise the potential of psychological interventions to bring about social changes and to enhance compliance with legislation.
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Page, Mary Beth. "An Analysis of Gender-Based Pay Equity of Instructional Faculty Members in the Virginia Community College System." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2009. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/1855.
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Based on the premises of "Equity Theory" (Adams, 1963), this study evaluated the Virginia Community College System compensation rates and compared the salaries of similarly ranked and similarly qualified male and female faculty members. A quantitative analysis was conducted of the reported salaries of all full-time instructional faculty members in the Virginia Community College System in the Fall of 2006. The specific areas examined included salary, rank, highest degree earned, and full- or parttime employment status. Using the tenets of Equity Theory as a foundation, this study evaluated any differences in the compensation and rank between male and female faculty members to determine the "fairness" of salary policies.
The population of this study included all instructional faculty members employed during academic year 2006-2007 in the 23 community colleges in the state of Virginia.
Results of this analysis indicated that there were differences based on gender in the mean salaries of faculty members of the Virginia Community College System at the professor faculty rank for VCCS faculty members outside of Northern Virginia Community College and at the associate professor rank at Northern Virginia Community College.
Findings of this study further indicated that faculty members in the Virginia Community College system overall were slightly more likely to be female, hold master's degrees, and hold assistant professor rank. Findings indicated that both males and females were equally likely to be employed as part-time faculty members in the Virginia Community College System and that both education and experience contributed significantly to salary in the Virginia Community College System.
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Rivers, Jewrell. "Faith-Based Organizations and the Criminal Justice System: Perceived vs. Actual Roles in Serving Offenders, their Families and Communities." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2018. https://dc.etsu.edu/secfr-conf/2018/schedule/29.
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This research assessed the perceived and actual roles of Faith-Based Organizations (FBOs) in their community and in working with offenders and their families in relation to the Criminal Justice System (CJS). Additionally, the research study evaluated this issue on the local level in an attempt to ascertain whether FBOs still do what they have historically been perceived to do or whether their involvement with the CJS has shifted in any way. Particularly, the research study also examined perceptions of staff members from FBOs regarding services and support provided for families of offenders.
The sample was selected using a combination of convenience and snowball sampling. Group sizes ranged from 2-5 participants. A total of 14 participants interacted in the focus groups. Each focus group lasted approximately one hour. All focus groups were recorded using a digital audio recording device, and transcriptions of the focus groups were prepared.
The transcripts were prepared using a combination of edited and intelligent transcription techniques. Researchers reviewed the transcriptions for recurring themes. Twenty-four initial themes were generated. Researchers then reviewed the themes for redundancy which resulted in 10 themes being identified. The transcripts were then coded based on the 10 revised themes. These themes focused on issues related to the perceived and real roles of FBOs in relation to the Criminal Justice System. As expected, the researchers found that FBO programming difficulties and concerns (f = 65) and misperception and lack of church involvement in the lives of offenders and the CJS (f = 50) were the most recurring themes. Miscommunication and lack of connection between the CJS and community was found to be the third most recurring theme (f = 15), followed closely by lack of reunification of offenders with their families (f = 14).
Perceptions of participants such as clergy and mental health practitioners confirmed the researcher’s expectations that offenders often express deep anxiety and concern over being separated from their families. Thus, current programming efforts may reflect a lack of emphasis on services designed to rejoin offenders with their families or reintegrate them in family systems based on participants’ perceptions. Analysis of the data is ongoing. Researchers will return to the data to further discuss theme coding and to determine if additional themes emerge. All identified themes will be further assessed for inter-rater reliability.
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Okeke-Ogbuafor, Nwamaka Agatha. "Development myths and realities : a critical analysis of the idea that community-based organizations are the key to progress in Ogoni communities in Nigeria." Thesis, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10443/3777.
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Given the failure of top-down initiatives to bring about community development (CD) in many developing countries, attention is switching to community-based organizations (CBOs) as bottom-up CD solutions. This thesis tests the evidence for this switch in five oil-endowed and three non-oil-endowed communities across Ogoniland. In the fieldwork carried out for this research, 101 telephone interviews were conducted between December 2013 and February 2014, while between February and May, 2014, 189 open-ended questionnaires were administered, 69 key informant interviews were carried out, and three focus group discussions were conducted, and between March and April, 2015, 200 structured questionnaires were administered. The findings of the research include the fact that in the eight Ogoni communities there is a large range of perceptions about the definition and meaning of CBOs and CD; that state, market and culture affect the performance of CBOs; that most CBO members hold a higher sense of place than sense of communality; that there is a paradox of community members adapting to the poor condition of their communities rather than adapting their communities to their needs; and that CBOs may be more a reflection of their communities than a determinant of CD. The study concludes that Ogoni CBOs are not bottom-up community development solutions but symptoms of underdevelopment. This study recommends the decentralization of power in communities and the establishment of a partnership body for CBOs in Ogoniland to enable them to deliver bottom-up CD. It also suggests that CD policies should be built on the powerful sense of place held by Ogonis, rather than on an assumed sense of communality.
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Turhan, Ayca. "Reconsidering The Role Of Civil Initiatives In The Disaster Management System Of Turkey." Master's thesis, METU, 2005. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12606123/index.pdf.
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The 1999 earthquakes revealed serious gaps in the Turkish disaster management system. The lack of coordination and cooperation between governmental and non-governmental organizations, limits in the legal framework and the lack of policies and plans about disaster preparedness and mitigation are basic. It is highly relevant therefore to expose these deficiencies and find which changes are necessary for capacity building in civil initiatives and which policies can be put into practice to form a strong and a sustainable organizational structure between governmental organizations and civil initiatives. This required reconsidering the events of 1999 Marmara earthquakes and civil initiatives&rsquoactivities. The analyses have been made among civil initiatives to expose their objectives, their response to earthquakes and future plans. Futher, this required discussion of the current state of disaster management system and legal structure. Findings are that a number of creative activities of civil initiatives can be observed after the Marmara earthquakes. However, the existing level of collaboration with governmental organizations is inadequate, considering the magnitude of disasters taking place in Turkey and the degree of the people&rsquo
s vulnerability. Efforts such as new draft of law of Turgey Emergency Management General Directorate (TEMGD) seem to provide means to meet the requirements. This draft law could provide the tools to accommodate civil initiatives The law could be revised so as to maintain a legal basis for civil initiatives&rsquo
activities as part of disaster management system indicating that governmental organizations should work together in coordination with civil initiatives. Secondly, to encourage voluntary activities, a number of provisions should be available such as life insurance against accidents for the accredited volunteers. Thirdly, TEGMD should also act to find partners for supporting civil initiatives in their financial, personnel training and management needs. With increasing conviction in the need for participatory approaches and people-oriented developments, civil initiatives are committed to face challenges in mitigating and preparing for the variety of disasters facing Turkey.
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Chumbler, Neale. "Relationships Between Podiatrists & Medical Doctors: An Examination through Network Analysis." TopSCHOLAR®, 1991. https://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/2222.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis examines how a more powerful and a less powerful profession --allopathic medicine and podiatry -- are linked in a series of networks through patient referrals and practice activities. The importance of professional networks is that they link different professions such as podiatry and allopathic medicine in ways which direct attention away from ranking the power of fields or viewing them as endlessly in conflict over occupational turf (traditional research questions) to questions of the actual and regularized relationships diverse professions have with one another. This thesis analyzes professional training and activity variables related to the emergence of networks and another set of conditions that results once occupational networks become established.
Data were obtained from a mailed questionnaire survey of podiatrists who practice in the Chicago metropolitan area (N-168). Analysis consists of comparisons between podiatrists who are in networks with physicians and those who are not: and between DPM's who are in heterophilous (general referral) versus homophilous (surgical) networks with MD's. T -tests are the major form of statistical analysis used in this thesis.
The findings of this thesis support the conclusion that the educational training and podiatric practice mandates (e.g., hospital staff appointment) are important determinants of the formation of networks with MD's. Friendship and social interaction patterns between DPM's and MD's and attitudes of DPM's toward podiatry were found to be highly related to network relationships between podiatrists and medical doctors. Profiles of podiatrists' professional activities and the extensiveness of their referral communication with MD's also were found to be related to the type of network podiatrists are in with medical doctors. Overall, results of this thesis clearly show that networks do link podiatrists and physicians and that such networks have important consequences for the professional activities and orientations of DPM's.