Journal articles: 'Communication levels'

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Popescu-Zeletin, R. "MAN — Lower communication levels." Computer Communications 16, no. 1 (January 1993): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-3664(05)80002-7.

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Rubskyi, V. M. "COMMUNICATION LEVELS OF THE INDIVIDUAL." Anthropological Measurements of Philosophical Research, no. 16 (January 10, 2019): 24–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.15802/ampr.v0i16.150217.

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Liu, Hu, and Xiao Chun Ge. "Corporate Charitable Acts and Communication: An Analysis of Communication Levels." Advanced Materials Research 219-220 (March 2011): 1509–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.219-220.1509.

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The rapid development of global integration has fastened Corporations’ market expansion and social penetration, and charitable acts have become an important strategy for corporations to expand social space and improve corporate image, which has become the core of corporate competitive advantages. In this paper, corporate charitable acts can be divided into three stages based on the analysis of charitable acts of TNCs. The author argues that in different stages of cooperation, communication levels are different which will bring different social and economic benefits.

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Gethmann, Daniel. "Levels of communication: The talking horse experiments." Science in Context 33, no. 4 (December 2020): 473–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0269889721000156.

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ArgumentIn the early twentieth century, counting and speaking horses, like the famous Clever Hans or the “Horses of Elberfeld,” became widely debated subjects in experimental psychology. The idea was to determine whether their learning success was only a fraud, or if it might open up a new chapter in “animal psychology” - or even belong to the realm of parapsychology and telepathy. When their tricks were discovered, the teachers of the animals were marked as charlatans. Both the attempts to detect charlatans and the efforts to avoid this accusation during the talking horse experiments proceeded using the method of introducing new levels of communication into the human-animal interaction process in order to substantiate each respective standpoint. This paper argues that the scientific studies and debates on the talking horses are relevant not only from psychological, biological, and semiotic vantage points, but also from the perspective of communications theory, giving rise to the foundational issue of levels of communication.

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DEMİRTAŞ, Zeynep, and Subhan EKŞİOĞLU. "Prospective Teachers’ STEM Awareness and Information Communication Technologies Usage Levels*." Malaysian Online Journal of Educational Technology 8, no. 4 (October 1, 2020): 52–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.17220/mojet.2020.04.004.

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DEMİRTAŞ, Zeynep, and Subhan EKŞİOĞLU. "Prospective Teachers’ STEM Awareness and Information Communication Technologies Usage Levels*." Malaysian Online Journal of Educational Technology 8, no. 4 (October 1, 2020): 67–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.17220/mojet.2020.04.005.

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Gärdenfors, Peter. "Levels of communication and lexical semantics." Synthese 195, no. 2 (June 12, 2014): 549–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11229-014-0493-3.

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Uzun, Gulten, and Neslihan Lok. "Communication Skills Levels of Nursing Students." Archives of Community and Family Medicine 2, no. 1 (2019): 34–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.22259/2638-4787.0201005.

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Kalnbērziņa, Vita. "Intercultural/Pluricultural Communication Construct and Its Levels." Baltic Journal of English Language, Literature and Culture 8 (2018): 40–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.22364/bjellc.08.2018.03.

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Komarov, A. S. "Levels of subject communication in fiction literature." MGIMO Review of International Relations, no. 1(34) (February 28, 2014): 277–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.24833/2071-8160-2014-1-34-277-284.

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The article is devoted to personality intercourse between writer and reader in Belles-Lettres. The intercourse between the self of the writer and the self of the reader realizes itself in the processes of writing and reading belles-lettres texts that serve as specific mediators between the two selfs. The article shows the free and personal nature of the intercourse. In the article, the author singles out and gives descriptions of stages/levels of involvement into belles-lettres personality intercourse. The author distinguishes five conventional stages: superficial or shallow stage, contradiction or conflict stage, identity or emotional stage, transcendental stage and supersensitive stage. Degree of openness of selfs to each other and degree of willingness on the part of the participants to express their own selfs serve as criteria of separating one stage from another. Degree of openness of selfs to each other is represented as a degree of the reader's openness to the writer's influence. While degree of willingness to express one's own self is perceived as a degree of the writer's or reader's readiness to reveal their self. The author argues that at each stage of intercourse its participants demonstrate a different degree of their involvement into it, which leads to misinterpretations of texts on the part of the reader and on the whole to misunderstanding between the reader and writer. The reader's transition from one stage to another can have a gradual character. However, the reader's transition to the writer's stage of intercourse can also be instantaneous, which depends on the reader's individual ability of perception as well as the writer's skill. The author of the article comes to the conclusion that understanding or misunderstanding between writer and reader as well as different interpretations of the writer's belles-lettres work by the reader lie at different stages in a degree of the reader's involvement into the intercourse suggested to him/her by the writer. In cases when both parties find themselves at one and the same stage of personal involvement the intercourse between them results in agreement of the written text and its interpretation by the reader. Thus, the writer acquires their readership while the reader discovers the writer who responds to his/her individuality.

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Yuksel-Sahin, Fulya. "COMMUNICATION SKILL LEVELS IN TURKISH PROSPECTIVE TEACHERS." Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal 36, no. 9 (January 1, 2008): 1283–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.2224/sbp.2008.36.9.1283.

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The author of this study tested whether Turkish prospective teachers' levels of communication skill differed significantly according to submissive acts, self-images drawn from social comparisons, and several other personal variables. A total of 274 persons participated in this study. The Communication Skills Assessment Scale (Korkut, 1996), The Submissive Acts Scale (Gilbert & Allan, Turkish version Sahin & Sahin, 1992), The Social Comparison Scale (Gilbert & Allan, Turkish version Sahin & Sahin, 1992) and a personal information form developed by the author were used for data collection. Results showed that individuals with a positive self-image, those who perceived themselves as popular and assertive, those coming from a higher income status, and individuals with perceived democratic parental styles reported higher levels of communication skills. No significant differences were found in prospective teacher's communication skills according to submissive acts.

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DeVries, J. George, and Gregory C. Berlet. "Understanding Levels of Evidence for Scientific Communication." Foot & Ankle Specialist 3, no. 4 (July 27, 2010): 205–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1938640010375184.

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Ceyhan, Aydogan Aykut. "AN INVESTIGATION OF ADJUSTMENT LEVELS OF TURKISH UNIVERSITY STUDENTS WITH RESPECT TO PERCEIVED COMMUNICATION SKILL LEVELS." Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal 34, no. 4 (January 1, 2006): 367–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.2224/sbp.2006.34.4.367.

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This study aimed to determine whether the adjustment levels of university students differ according to their perceived communication skill levels. The research was carried out with 277 Turkish university students. Data were collected through The Communication Skills Assessment Scale (Korkut, 1996) and the Hacettepe Personality Inventory (Özgüven, 1992). The findings of the study revealed that personal, social, and general adjustment levels were significantly related to perceived communication skill levels. Students who have high perceived communication skill levels had significantly higher personal, social, and general adjustment levels. Results are discussed in relation to their implications for effective communication skills of university students.

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Leuchtmann, Lorena, Anne Milek, Katharina Bernecker, Fridtjof W. Nussbeck, Sabine Backes, Mike Martin, Martina Zemp, Veronika Brandstätter, and Guy Bodenmann. "Temporal dynamics of couples’ communication behaviors in conflict discussions: A longitudinal analysis." Journal of Social and Personal Relationships 36, no. 9 (October 25, 2018): 2937–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0265407518806582.

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Negative and positive conflict communication predicts long-term relationship satisfaction. However, some studies show harmful effects and others show beneficial effects of negative conflict communication on long-term relationship satisfaction. One reason for the heterogeneous results might be that most studies focused on aggregated behaviors across a conflict interaction but neglected the temporal dynamics within such an interaction. This study examined whether individual initial levels and temporal trajectories of negative and positive communications predict long-term relationship satisfaction, and whether self-efficacy beliefs about clarity of other’s feelings (CoF) alter initial levels and temporal trajectories of negative and positive communications. Negative and positive communications were measured based on sequentially coded conflict discussions of 365 couples; self-efficacy beliefs about CoF and relationship satisfaction were measured by self-report questionnaires at baseline and at four annual follow-up assessments. Results revealed that women’s initial positive communication predicted higher intercepts of both partners’ relationship satisfaction, and stronger decreases in women’s negative communication predicted a higher intercept of relationship satisfaction in women. Additionally, less steep decreases in women’s trajectories of negative communication predicted greater maintenance in women’s relationship satisfaction over time. Additionally, men’s self-efficacy beliefs about CoF predicted decreases in men’s negative communication, increases in women’s negative communication, and higher initial levels of women’s positive communication. The current study highlights the relevance of dynamic aspects of partners’ communication behaviors.

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Aditia, Rafinita, and Neni Lefina Hektanti. "Analysis of Structures and Levels in Communication Networks." Social Science Studies 3, no. 2 (March 31, 2023): 092–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.47153/sss32.6152023.

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Humans have a need for communication and information. Various things are done to meet these needs. By examining the communication network that is formed in an organization or community, we can find out how human behavior as individuals in finding the information needed. Writing this article aims to review and synthesize the available literature related to the analysis of structures and levels in communication networks so that they can contribute to an understanding of the analysis of structures and levels in communication networks. The results of this research show that in this communication network, there is a structure which is an arrangement of different elements that can be identified through the pattern of communication flows in a system. By knowing the structure of this communication network, several patterns of communication and interaction can be seen, so that the roles of each individual in a group can be identified. The structure of the communication network is wheel/star, Y, chain, circle, and all channels. Meanwhile for the communication network level, namely individual communication network, relationship level, group level, and network level.

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EA, Zakharova, Inklebarger J, Bogomolova ES, and Roberts A. "Can a Multi-modal Communication Program Enhance Empathy and Doctor-Patient Social Interactions?; Results of a Pilot Training Study of Russian Medical Students." International Journal of Medical Science and Clinical invention 6, no. 2 (February 28, 2019): 4318–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.18535/ijmsci/v6i2.07.

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Communication is a vital element of basic professional competency within medicine. However, some medical schools may not typically offer structured developmental skills training to medical students. A multi-modal doctor communications enhancement-training program was therefore organized at a medical university in Russia. A total of 83 students ages 18-19 participated. Pre-course communication ability levels were measured at 21.7% low, 69.8% medium, and 7% high level. Post course outcome measurements demonstrated 1.2% low, 51.8% medium, and 47% high communication levels. Outcome: It was concluded in this pilot study that a formalized multi-modal communications development program in conjunction with performance feedback, could significantly enhance essential patient communication skills in Russian medical students.

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Barnes, Matthew Russell, Mladen Karan, Stephen McQuistin, Colin Perkins, Gareth Tyson, Matthew Purver, Ignacio Castro, and Richard G. Clegg. "Temporal Network Analysis of Email Communication Patterns in a Long Standing Hierarchy." Proceedings of the International AAAI Conference on Web and Social Media 18 (May 28, 2024): 126–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/icwsm.v18i1.31302.

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An important concept in organisational behaviour is how hierarchy affects the voice of individuals, whereby members of a given organisation exhibit differing power relations based on their hierarchical position. Although there have been prior studies of the relationship between hierarchy and voice, they tend to focus on more qualitative small-scale methods and do not account for structural aspects of the organisation. This paper develops large-scale computational techniques utilising temporal network analysis to measure the effect that organisational hierarchy has on communication patterns throughout an organisation, focusing on the structure of pairwise interactions between individuals. To this end, we focus on one major organisation as a case study --- the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) --- a major technical standards development organisation for the Internet. A particularly useful feature of the IETF is a transparent hierarchy, where participants take on explicit roles (e.g., Area Directors, Working Group Chairs), and because its processes are open we have visibility into the communication of people at different hierarchy levels over a long time period. Exploiting this, we utilise a temporal network dataset of 989,911 email interactions among 23,741 participants to study how hierarchy impacts communication patterns. We show that the middle levels of the IETF are growing in terms of their dominance in communications. Higher levels consistently experience a higher proportion of incoming communication than lower levels, with higher levels initiating more communications too. We find that, overall, communication tends to flow "up" the hierarchy more than "down". Finally, we find that communication with higher-levels is associated with future communication more than for lower-levels, which we interpret as "facilitation". We conclude by discussing the implications this has on patterns within the wider IETF and the impact our analysis can have for other organisations.

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Rose Marie Bezuidenhout, Rose Marie. "SELF, CONSCIOUSNESS AND COMMUNICATION." Communicare: Journal for Communication Studies in Africa 16, no. 2 (November 3, 2022): 1–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.36615/jcsa.v16i2.1889.

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This article explores intrapersonal and transpersonal communication as the principal derivatives of a subjective, inner reality. These levels relate to different states and levels of consciousness and corresponding levels of selfawareness. Since an exploration of the nature of the self and its possible confluence with states and levels of consciousness necessitates a multidisciplinary approach, theories and constructs in Psychology, the New Physics (Quantum Physics), Mysticism, and Philosophy are integrated with contemporary communication notions of the self and consciousness. Integration and inclusiveness consequently form the bedrock of this article.

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Ibragimova, Aigul' Rinatovna. "Intercultural communication in the space of social interaction." Человек и культура, no. 2 (February 2022): 81–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.25136/2409-8744.2022.2.37961.

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The article is devoted to the problems of intercultural communication related to solving the problem of real achievement of consolidation in modern society. In this regard, special attention is paid to the analysis of the phenomenon of social interaction, which is traditionally mixed with the communication process. The article highlights the reasons for this confusion and its negative social and cultural consequences. Various levels and situations of social interaction that determine the nature and content of possible intercultural communications are also considered. The basis of the research methodology was the identification of various levels of social interaction as conditions for intercultural communication: micro-level, meso-level, macro-level and mega-level. The study of the levels of social interaction shows that the main problems in intercultural communications arise due to the mixing of these levels in the process of a particular communicative act. The main conclusions of this study are that it is the mixing and non-discrimination of the communicative and behavioral space that is the main cause of many modern social conflicts and confrontations. In the modern information society, virtual communications are increasingly dominating, creating an imitation of any social activity. To get away from this imitation, it is necessary to conduct a comprehensive mutual study of the cultures of communicants involved in intercultural communication, which includes not only the development of relevant "cultural texts", but also the study of the processes of real social interactions in their relationship (or in the absence of such) with the processes of communication.

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Supolkina, N. S., V. I. Gushchin, D. M. Shved, А. К. Yusupova, А. О. Savinkina, A. I. Chekalina, O. B. Kotov, and О. А. Savenko. "SPECIAL FEATURES OF COSMONAUTS' STYLES OF COMMUNICATION WITH THE MISSION CONTROL CENTER UNDER VARIOUS WORKLOAD LEVELS." Aerospace and Environmental Medicine 57, no. 6 (2023): 35–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.21687/0233-528x-2023-57-6-35-43.

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Space experiment CONTENT was focused on studying the spacecrews communication with the Mission control center (MCC) using the content-analysis methodology. It was established that on hard work days the amount of communication increased, as did the frequency of coping strategies. Models of communication styles and coping analysis used in data interpretation were adequate for description of the crew-MCC interactions during usual and intensive work loads. In the course of critical operations, such as EVA, docking etc., or emergencies profiles of the coping strategies remained relatively stable within personal styles and correlated with the routinely observed styles; however, frequency of negative emotions and conflict tension in crew communications increased. Knowledge of crew communication patterns can help detect early signs of the psychological defense activation and select individualized methods of prompt psychological support.

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Petkova, Teodora. "Metadata, communication and understanding in digital marketing communication)." Media and Language Journal 1, no. 12 (October 5, 2022): 58–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.58894/self4531.

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The study of digital marketing communications on the Web is inseparable from the study of the ways metadata with which the web content of these communications is or should be described. This article presents the aspects of digital marketing communication and understanding in the interactive, interconnected on the levels of text and metadata, hypermedia environment of the Web. The article argues that the texts of digital marketing communications on the Web should be perceived (and created) both as a collective action and together and from the point of view of their function as digital objects

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Kelay, Tanika, Emmanuel Ako, Christopher Cook, Mohammad Yasin, Matthew Gold, Kah Leong Chan, Fernando Bello, Roger K. Kneebone, and Iqbal S. Malik. "Physician–patient interactions and communication with conscious patients during simulated cath lab procedures: an exploratory study." BMJ Simulation and Technology Enhanced Learning 5, no. 1 (March 14, 2018): 15–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjstel-2017-000249.

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BackgroundThis exploratory study investigates the feasibility for observing and evaluating intraoperative communication practices using simulation techniques. Complex procedures are increasingly performed on patients under local anaesthesia, where patients are fully conscious. Interventional cardiac procedures are one such example where patients have reported high levels of anxiety undergoing procedures. Although communication styles can serve to alleviate patient anxiety during interventions, leading to a better patient experience, there has been little observational research on communication, while patient perspectives in intraoperative contexts have been underexplored.MethodsIn this mixed-methods study, observational analysis was conducted on 20 video-recorded simulated scenarios, featuring physician operators (of varied experience levels), communication and interactions with a simulated patient (trained actor), in a controlled and highly realistic catheter laboratory setting. Two independent raters and the simulated patient embedded in scenarios retrospectively rated physician communication styles and interactions with the patient via four key parameters. Patient perspectives of communication were further explored via a quantitative measure of anxiety and semistructured qualitative interviews.ResultsWhile independent ratings of physician–patient communications demonstrated few discernible differences according to physicians’ experience level, patient ratings were consistently higher for experienced physicians and lower for novice physicians for the four interaction styles. Furthermore, the patient’s anxiety scores were differentiable according to operators’ experience level. Thematic analysis provided further insights into how patient perspectives, including affective dimensions are characterised, and how physician interactions can amplify or attenuate feelings of anxiety through tone of voice, continuity in communication during the procedure, communicating while multitasking and connecting with the patient.ConclusionsOur findings indicate underlying patient assumptions about physicians’ experience levels, intraoperative communication styles and impact on anxiety. While observational methods can be applied to simulated intraoperative clinical contexts, evaluation techniques such as observational rating tools need to incorporate patient perspectives about undergoing conscious surgery.

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Sabaté i López, Joan. "The use of language levels in advertising communication." Questiones Publicitarias, no. 6 (July 31, 1997): 87. http://dx.doi.org/10.5565/rev/qp.256.

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Black-Schaffer, Randie M. "Communication Among Levels of Care for Stroke Patients." Topics in Stroke Rehabilitation 9, no. 3 (October 2002): 26–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1310/5jx2-hm6l-r8g4-6ywt.

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Degner, Rosemary K. "Levels of Communication Apprehension at a Community College." International Journal of Knowledge, Culture, and Change Management: Annual Review 10, no. 2 (2010): 155–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.18848/1447-9524/cgp/v10i02/49927.

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Su, Vivian, and Alan F. Lau. "Connexins: Mechanisms regulating protein levels and intercellular communication." FEBS Letters 588, no. 8 (January 20, 2014): 1212–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.febslet.2014.01.013.

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Gidenstam, Anders, Boris Koldehofe, Marina Papatriantafilou, and Philippas Tsigas. "Scalable group communication supporting configurable levels of consistency." Concurrency and Computation: Practice and Experience 25, no. 5 (September 21, 2011): 649–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cpe.1801.

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李, 克. "Digital Media Drives Intercultural Communication to New Levels." Journalism and Communications 11, no. 02 (2023): 111–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.12677/jc.2023.112018.

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Lipovka, Anastassiya, Natalya Korolyova, Maigul Nugmanova, and Aizhan Salimzhanova. "Comparative influence of gender, age, industry and management level on communication." Problems and Perspectives in Management 19, no. 2 (May 28, 2021): 170–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/ppm.19(2).2021.14.

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The protracted COVID-19 pandemic repeatedly demonstrates the necessity of effective communication inside and outside organizations. However, a deficient comprehensive study of factors able to affect managerial communication limit further progress in the improvement of such business interactions. The research fills in the knowledge gap about the comparative influence of various factors on managerial communication and particularly the impact of individual and organizational characteristics of managers on communication. The paper aims to determine the significance of the relationships between managerial communication and age, genders, managerial levels, and industries in private companies from the energy, education, trade, service, extraction, construction, and production sectors. Within the organizational study, 224 subordinates from Kazakhstan firms reflected on their supervisors’ communications through a multivariate closed questionnaire. The obtained data was further processed and examined through correlation coefficients and dispersion analysis. The research results identified the considerable relationship between communication practices and managers’ age (R2=0.9637), managerial level (R2=0.9640), and industry (R2=0.9653). The study reveals the weak relationship between manager’s gender and communication practices (R2=0.1535): women insignificantly outperform men in this linking process. The research postulates that effectiveness of managerial communication considerably varies by managers’ age, managerial level, and industry, and insignificantly by gender. The paper lays the groundwork for gender-unbiased practices of human resource management and contributes to the idea of building diverse management teams.

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Prisbell, Marshall. "Perception differences and levels of shyness." Communication Research Reports 5, no. 2 (December 1988): 197–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08824098809359824.

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Tsonev, Ivan, and Stefan Kazakov. "POSSIBLE TEMPORARY PARAMETERS IN THE CENTRALIZED STRUCTURE OF THE TWO LEVELS." Journal scientific and applied research 4, no. 1 (October 10, 2013): 22–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.46687/jsar.v4i1.77.

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In this paper an algorithm for communication of communication nodes in LAN with star topology. Probability expressions for the correct sending of messages among the subscribers in the network and the mathematics expectation of the time for the finishing of one cycle from the structure are brought out.10.46687/jsar.v4i1.77

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Suk, Jiyoun, Dhavan V. Shah, and Douglas M. McLeod. "Breaking the “Virtuous Circle”: How Partisan Communication Flows Can Erode Social Trust but Drive Participation." Human Communication Research 48, no. 1 (October 19, 2021): 88–115. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/hcr/hqab015.

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Abstract We examine how individuals’ interactions with the shifting contemporary communication ecology—either by seeking information selectively from partisan sources or immersing themselves in a broad range of partisan communications — relate to shifting levels of social trust and online engagement. Using national panel surveys of young adults (i.e., millennials age 18–34) collected over the 2016 U.S. presidential election, we find that individuals’ partisan communication flows—calculated by algorithmically combining patterns of news consumption, social media use, and political talk—explain: (a) polarized shifts in levels of trust towards people of other nationalities, religions, races, and ethnicities and (b) increases in levels of online political engagement. By elaborating the relationship between citizens’ communication patterns and their levels of trust and participation, this research forces a reconsideration of theoretical traditions in the field of communication, especially those linking mass and interpersonal processes in the study of social capital.

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Hillman, Sharon O., and Lynda Hyce. "Stakeholder Communication: Progress Through Cooperation." International Oil Spill Conference Proceedings 2001, no. 1 (March 1, 2001): 137–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.7901/2169-3358-2001-1-137.

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ABSTRACT Oil spill prevention and response embody both technical and communication issues. On the technical side, Alyeska Pipeline Service Company/SERVS has worked diligently to provide a major spill prevention program for the transportation of Alaska North Slope crude through the Trans-Alaska Pipeline System (TAPS) from Prudhoe Bay to Hinchinbrook Entrance. Significant reductions to potential risks have been achieved by designing and commissioning new marine equipment for the tanker escorting service and implementing well-coordinated procedures. In addition, the response side continues to be enhanced through focused training by using improved equipment and technologies. Prince William Sound Regional Citizens' Advisory Council's (RCAC) mission includes communications and oversight. The RCAC and Alyeska attempt to work cooperatively at all levels—from concept, to technical analyses, to policy decision making, and through implementation and verification. In that context, stakeholder communication is a continuous challenge for both organizations. This paper discusses the challenges of communicating using a collaborative problem-solving approach.

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Wojciechowski, Łukasz P., and Katharina Fichnová. "New technologies and ambient marketing communication." Annales Universitatis Paedagogicae Cracoviensis | Studia de Cultura 14, no. 2 (June 30, 2022): 22–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.24917/20837275.14.2.2.

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This paper introduces unconventional forms and technology of digital communication, which guerilla and ambient marketing communication utilize to implement strategies of communi-cation with clients. It presents specifics of the mentioned types of communication, pointing out creativity and its remarkable unique attributes (originality, the element of surprise, effectivity and others). In our selection of 300 respondents, differences in subjective perception of attributes were identified in ambient marketing communication and in classical creative form of marketing communication. Our paper characterizes strategies and visual techniques used in them, and new technologies implementing the element of surprise for creation of positive emotions. With the use of selected examples, we illustrate possibilities for digital communication with implemented communication strategies. At the end, we offer our own synthesized scheme of creativity levels in marketing communication addressing the special importance ofcreativity, with a regard to the new technologies and with an investigative approach towards the ambient and guerilla marketing communications using these new technologies at the set levels.

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Eksi, Pinar, and Ayse Nefise Bahcecik. "The efficiency levels of the nurse managers in communication." New Trends and Issues Proceedings on Advances in Pure and Applied Sciences, no. 10 (September 28, 2018): 114–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.18844/gjpaas.v0i10.3752.

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Aim is to predicate efficiency levels of the nurse managers in communication. The sample constituted 108 nurses. The socio-demographical characteristics of the nurses and the nurse managers were inquired. The efficiency levels of the nurse managers in communication were evaluated with the ‘Communication Efficiency Scale’. SPSS for Windows 12.0 Program was used in the data evaluation. When the demographical characteristics of nurse managers have been compared with communication level, there was not found a statistically significant correlation (p ˃ 0.05). But the nurse managers who are over 40 ages, license grad and had a long time professional experience were found conspicuous because of their high communication scores. As a result, it was determined that the ‘Communication Efficiency Scale’ is reliable and valid and can be used in these studies and the efficiency levels of the nurse managers who work in a Training and Research Hospital in İstanbul are enough.Keywords: Nurse, manager, communication, scale

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Šošic-Jurjević, Branka, Branko Filipović, Vladimir Ajdžanović, Dejan Brkić, Nataša Ristić, Milica Manojlović Stojanoski, Nataša Nestorović, Svetlana Trifunović, and Milka Sekulić. "A BRIEF COMMUNICATION." Experimental Biology and Medicine 232, no. 9 (October 2007): 1222–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.3181/0703-bc-82.

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Nutritional supplements containing soybean phytoestrogens, the isoflavones genistein (G) and daidzein (D), are increasingly used as alternative therapy for osteoporosis, cancer, and cardiovascular and other diseases with a frequency that increases with advancing age. In this study we examined the effects of subcutaneous administration of either G or D on serum lipid levels in orchidectomized (Orx) and intact (IA) middle-aged male rats, which are experimental models of andropause. Sixteen-month-old Wistar rats were treated with 10 mg/kg and 30mg/kg of either G or D. The control groups received testosterone, estradiol, or vehicle for 3 weeks, after which the total serum cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein (HDL-C), and total triglycerides (TT) were measured. Compared with the matching vehicle-treated controls, the higher doses of G and D and testosterone treatment significantly ( P < 0.05) lowered the TC and lipoprotein cholesterol levels. The greatest effect was observed regarding LDL-C in both Orx and IA males after G and D treatments, in which LDL-C decreased by more than 30%. The lower isoflavone doses induced a significant cholesterol-lowering effect ( P < 0.05) only in the Orx group. Like the estradiol treatment, the higher doses of G and D increased the TT levels in both rat models by more than 50% ( P < 0.05). The lower doses of isoflavones increased TT only in the Orx group. In male middle-aged rats, injections of higher doses of G and D decreased the serum cholesterol levels, as did testosterone injection, and brought about an increase in serum triglycerides similar to that observed after estradiol treatment.

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Karayigit, Duygu Zorlu, and Can Cemal Cingi. "Communication levels of pulmonologists with geriatric patients during the COVID-19 pandemic." Romanian Journal of Rhinology 14, no. 54 (April 1, 2024): 80–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/rjr-2024-0013.

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Abstract BACKGROUND. Patients were likely hesitant to communicate with physicians during the pandemic, when everyone saw others as potentially infectious. Every other was seen as the most likely to be infected as they were in close contact with infected persons. Likewise, physicians might have been wary of communicating with their patients, who might have been virus carriers. In our study, the communication between physicians (particularly pulmonologists) and geriatric patients was evaluated to develop recommendations for improvement if necessary. MATERIAL AND METHODS. The study was conducted as an online evaluation questionnaire via e-mail or WhatsApp. The evaluation form, the Social Communication Skills Rating Scale, collected data regarding the respondents’ demographic characteristics, whose reliability and validity have been proven in previous studies. The volunteer pulmonologists completed the questionnaire. RESULTS. The research comprised 200 doctors; 111 (55.5%) were women and 89 (44.5%) were men. Of the doctors who participated in the study, over 40% were in their forties. Pulmonologists’ communication skills with their geriatric patients were deemed adequate, and their interactions were evaluated as successful, despite the high risk of infection during the pandemic, the difficulty of examining patients while wearing protective clothing, and the typical communication difficulties of geriatric patients. This has been a crucial advantage for the senior patient group, as, throughout the COVID-19 pandemic, this group has communicated with pulmonologists predominantly owing to medical needs. CONCLUSION. The pulmonologists’ effective communication with their geriatric patients could have made them feel good during the difficult time of the past pandemic period. It could have also been a source of pride for physicians.

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Lo, C. W., D. Fang, and M. L. Hooper. "Gap-junctional communication in a communication-defective and in a communication-competent teratocarcinoma cell line." Journal of Cell Science 76, no. 1 (June 1, 1985): 85–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jcs.76.1.85.

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We examined the gap-junctional communication properties of a communication-defective cell line R5/3 and its communication-competent revertant H2T12. For these studies, we carried out microelectrode impalements to monitor ionic coupling and dye coupling. Our dye-injection experiments revealed that the H2T12 cells are much more efficient in dye coupling than the R5/3 cells. This latter observation is in agreement with the previous finding that the H2T12 cells are much better metabolically coupled than the R5/3 cells. With ionic coupling measurements, however, both cell lines exhibited similar levels of cell-cell coupling. The R5/3 cells demonstrated an ionic coupling coefficient of 0.19 +/− 0.011 (S.E.M.) and H2T12 a coupling coefficient of 0.25 +/− 0.009 (S.E.M.). These results in conjunction with observations from other studies indicate that the different experimental approaches for monitoring gap-junctional communication may have different levels of sensitivity for detecting as opposed to measuring the level of cell-cell coupling.

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Bordihn, Henning, Martin Kutrib, and Andreas Malcher. "Returning Parallel Communicating Finite Automata with Communication Bounds: Hierarchies, Decidabilities, and Undecidabilities." International Journal of Foundations of Computer Science 26, no. 08 (December 2015): 1101–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0129054115400146.

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Systems of deterministic finite automata communicating by sending their states upon request are investigated, when the amount of communication is restricted, that is, when the number of necessary communications during the computations of the system is bounded by a function depending on the length of the input. The computational power and decidability problems are studied for returning systems, where components are set back to their initial states after having answered communication requests. It is proved that an infinite, strict hierarchy of language families exists, induced by the number of messages sent by their most economical acceptors. It is shown that at least one gap in this hierarchy exists. Some levels in the hierarchy are investigated in more detail.

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Adini, Bruria, Avishay Goldberg, Danny Laor, Robert Cohen, Roni Zadok, and Yaron Bar-Dayan. "Assessing Levels of Hospital Emergency Preparedness." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 21, no. 6 (December 2006): 451–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x00004192.

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AbstractIntroduction:Emergency preparedness can be defined by the preparedness pyramid, which identifies planning, infrastructure, knowledge and capabilities, and training as the major components of maintaining a high level of preparedness.The aim of this article is to review the characteristics of contingency plans for mass-casualty incidents (MCIs) and models for assessing the emergency preparedness of hospitals.Characteristics of Contingency Plans:Emergency preparedness should focus on community preparedness, a personnel augmentation plan, and communications and public policies for funding the emergency preparedness. The capability to cope with a MCI serves as a basis for preparedness for non-conventional events. Coping with chemical casualties necessitates decontamination of casualties, treating victims with acute stress reactions, expanding surge capacities of hospitals, and integrating knowledge through drills. Risk communication also is important.Assessment of Emergency Preparedness:An annual assessment of the emergency plan is required in order to assure emergency preparedness. Preparedness assessments should include: (1) elements of disaster planning; (2) emergency coordination; (3) communication; (4) training; (5) expansion of hospital surge capacity; (6) personnel; (7) availability of equipment; (8) stockpiles of medical supplies; and (9) expansion of laboratory capacities. The assessment program must be based on valid criteria that are measurable, reliable, and enable conclusions to be drawn. There are several assessment tools that can be used, including surveys, parameters, capabilities evaluation, and self-assessment tools.Summary:Healthcare systems are required to prepare an effective response model to cope with MCIs. Planning should be envisioned as a process rather than a production of a tangible product. Assuring emergency preparedness requires a structured methodology that will enable an objective assessment of the level of readiness.

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Lamude, Kevin G., and Joseph Scudder. "Hierarchical levels and type of relational messages." Communication Research Reports 8, no. 2 (December 1991): 151–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08824099109359887.

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Meng, Juan. "Leadership Excellence in Corporate Communications: A Multi-Group Test of Measurement Invariance." SAGE Open 11, no. 4 (October 2021): 215824402110613. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/21582440211061375.

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This study aims at advancing leadership research in corporate communications by introducing a more rigorous statistical approach to test whether communication professionals of different hierarchical reporting levels, years of experience, and educational backgrounds would ascribe the same meanings to the construct of leadership excellence in corporate communications via survey research. By using an established measurement model of leadership excellence in corporate communications, the study uses three samples, including senior communication executives/leaders, mid-level communication professionals, and senior college students majoring in communication and/or public relations, to conduct the measurement invariance tests. By imposing constraints to different parameters in a sequence of nested models, findings indicate that the measures of leadership excellence in corporate communications can be equivalent across multiple groups. Measurement invariance was confirmed at multiple levels, including the higher-order measurement model, configural invariance, metric invariance, scalar invariance, and error invariance. This study deepens our understanding of measurement invariance when applying multi-group comparison in testing leadership excellence. Such evidence can also be used as central principles when developing corresponding leadership training and development modules by organizations in supporting multicultural and multi-group sensitivity in leadership development. Future research and practical implications are also discussed.

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Silverman, Deborah A. "Unethical Behavior on Several Levels." Journal of Mass Media Ethics 29, no. 2 (April 3, 2014): 128–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08900523.2014.893778.

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Prameswari, Jatut Yoga, and Rahmawati Rahmawati. "STUDENTS 'LANGUAGE LEVELS IN COST CUTTATES, TANGERANG, BANTEN ENVIRONMENT." Hortatori : Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa dan Sastra Indonesia 3, no. 2 (January 22, 2020): 104–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.30998/jh.v3i2.222.

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Abstract: Language is an important and primary communication tool in daily life. Basically speaking is not only about delivering messages from the speaker to the listener. But, language is also related to diction, politeness, and attitude. In the era of globalization and sophisticated technology, sometimes it makes the speakers forget important things in the process of communicating or speaking. This is certainly related to the culture that developed in this country, Indonesia. The ability to speak is an important part of communication. This is because we have a culture and customs background that uphold the norms of politeness. The politeness of the language at this time, especially among adolescents has begun to be set aside, even some of them no longer care about it. Need to be held and conducted politeness research on students in the boarding environment. It is hoped that this research will provide a solution to the impoliteness of students in the language of the communication process. In general, these violations are caused by three factors, namely language ability, ability to understand context, and closeness. The situation above is also felt by the boarding house owner who is inhabited by students. The research method used is a qualitative method with a case study approach. Bassey (1999: 25) states that "Case study methods involve the collection and recording of data about a case or case ..." This statement can be interpreted that the case study methods include the collection and recording of data about one case or more. From the findings above, the results obtained for politeness of language by 46% and language impoliteness of 53%. Based on the results of these calculations it can be concluded that the communication or language process between boarders (students) and boarding owners is classified as impolite. The figure of 53% results of language impoliteness can occur by several factors, including the sense of closeness with the owner of the boarding house, the wrong choice of diction, and the language style used by the occupants of the boarding house.Keywords: politeness language, language, students

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Atouba, Yannick C., Elizabeth J. Carlson, and John C. Lammers. "Directives and Dialogue: Examining the Relationship Between Participative Organizational Communication Practices and Organizational Identification Among IT Workers." International Journal of Business Communication 56, no. 4 (October 5, 2016): 530–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2329488416672430.

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This study explores how the dialogue—or lack thereof—between employees’ opinions and organization-wide communications relates to employees’ identification with the organization. Using survey data from a sample of 111 IT workers, we performed cross-level tests to explore how employee voice, the perceived adequacy of organization-wide downward communication, and job satisfaction related to employees’ organizational identification. The results of the hierarchical regression and mediation analyses revealed that higher levels of employee voice were associated with higher levels of organizational identification and fully mediated by job satisfaction. Similarly, higher levels of organization-wide communication adequacy were associated with higher levels of organizational identification and partially mediated by job satisfaction. The findings suggest that inclusive and participative organizational communication practices are most likely to foster organizational identification when they are viewed favorably by employees and positively impact their job experiences.

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Buzovska, Yuliia. "Diagnostics of future navigators’ proficiency levels in crosscultural communication." Scientific bulletin of South Ukrainian National Pedagogical University named after K. D. Ushynsky 17, no. 5 (124) (October 25, 2018): 91–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.24195/2617-6688-2018-5-15.

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Lotz, T., and F. Donald. "Stress and communication across job levels after an acquisition." South African Journal of Business Management 37, no. 1 (March 31, 2006): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajbm.v37i1.593.

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Mergers and acquisitions are frequently implemented as a strategy for organizational change, despite a fifty-fifty chance of success. One of the frequently cited reasons for the lack of success is that employee reactions receive inadequate attention. Using a sense-making framework, this research investigated the perceptions of employees at different organizational levels of the stressors that they experienced during an acquisition and their satisfaction with the organizational communication that occurred during the process. A quantitative, non-experimental, cross-sectional design was used. The sample consisted of 102 employees from a recently acquired organization, all of whom attended the same communication ‘road show’ regarding the acquisition. Results indicated that there were no differences between managers, supervisors and lower-level employees in the quantity or type of stress and satisfaction with communication. Communication satisfaction had an inverse relationship with sources of stress. The results are discussed in terms of power, sense-making and shifting boundaries.

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YAŞARTÜRK, İsmail, Ayşe Güler KÜÇÜKTURAN, Şıhmehmet ERDEN, Arzu AGİN, and Yavuz YILDIRIM. "DETERMINATION OF COMMUNICATION SKILL LEVELS OF CLASSROOM TEACHER CANDIDATES." International Journal of Family, Child and Education, no. 16 (2018): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.17359/aced.2018.3.9.

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Mendenhall, Tai J., Harold D. Grotevant, and Ruth G. McRoy. "Adoptive Couples: Communication and Changes Made in Openness Levels." Family Relations 45, no. 2 (April 1996): 223. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/585294.

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Bespalova, Yulia Aleksandrovna, and Aliyar Mousavi. "Mercury (Hg) Levels in the Caspian SeaKilkaFish: A Communication." Environmental Forensics 14, no. 3 (July 3, 2013): 179–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15275922.2013.814183.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Communication levels'

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