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1
Ryan, Michael J. "Medicine shortages: there are solutions! Actions to take to reduce medicine shortages." Australian Health Review 45, no. 4 (2021): 504. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah20306.
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The aim of this paper is to propose solutions to reduce the number and frequency of medicine shortages in Australia. Some of the many factors that contribute to medicine shortages, such as manufacturers’ production processes and business decisions, are outside the control of Australian stakeholders. But there are many factors that are within the control of stakeholders, including poor communication between stakeholders, incomplete and inaccurate information, unhelpful practices and attitudes of hospital tender authorities, and lack of certainty and incentives for manufacturers in relation to pharmaceutical tenders. The following strategies are designed to address these issues and achieve a significant reduction in the number and frequency of medicine shortages in Australian hospitals. They include improving communication and understanding between stakeholders, providing higher quality information on likely usage, changing practices of hospital tender authorities to better meet stakeholder requirements, and increasing incentives for manufacturers to participate in hospital tenders. The six key actions to implement the medicine shortage-reducing strategies are: (1) initiate a biannual forum for hospitals and industry; (2) establish a medicines substitutes information service operating nationally; (3) share information on likely changes to hospital usage; (4) reform stock allocation strategies; (5) introduce incentives for manufacturers; and (6) change hospital tender authority practices and policies. The first step to reduce medicine shortages is for stakeholders to think differently about the problem, and to act more collaboratively using the proposed strategies and actions, as a framework for change.
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Furlan, Patrizia. "Communicating Health Uncertainty: How Australia’s only National Broadsheet Newspaper Reported the Emerging COVID-19 Pandemic." Asia Pacific Media Educator 31, no. 1 (May 4, 2021): 116–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1326365x211003738.
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The news media play an important role in communicating health topics to the public (Hallin & Briggs, 2015, Media, Culture & Society, vol. 37, pp. 85–100). Often journalists are the first to raise the alarm about the safety of vaccines, medicines and pathogen outbreaks including emerging infectious diseases (Joffe, 2011, Public Understanding of Science, vol. 20, pp. 446–460). But the news media have also been accused of distorting, exaggerating or amplifying risks which can lead to fear-mongering and public panic (Klemm et al., 2016). This paper examines how the only national broadsheet newspaper of Australia, The Australian, reported the COVID-19 pandemic from its first media appearance in January 2020 with a focus also on 2 days in February and March 2020. These timeframes coincided with significant coronavirus milestones for Australia, such as the first COVID-19 infection; the first deaths; and the World Health Organisation’s declaration of a global pandemic. This paper found that The Australian coverage was not hyped but measured, with heavy reliance on analysis of the economic fallout of COVID-19. It also found evidence the conservative newspaper used war metaphors to convey the fight against the coronavirus.
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Makrides, Timothy, and Matt Pepper. "Australian Tactical Medical Association and the Journal of High Threat & Austere Medicine: A joint initiative to progress a niche subspecialty of medicine." Journal of Hight Threat & Austere Medicine 1, no. 1 (January 20, 2019): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.33553/jhtam.v1i1.001.
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This year sees the launch of the official journal of the Australian Tactical Medical Association (ATMA), the Journal of High Threat and Austere Medicine (JHTAM). This initiative is a significant achievement in the progression of high threat medicine in Australia and builds upon the success of the past 18 months. Whilst ‘Tactical Medicine’ conjures in the minds of the uninformed ideas of black-clad specialists in body armour, JHTAM and ATMA actually encompass and represent a wide range of applications of first aid and medicine. The crossover between all these applications is significant, and collaboration will only allow for a larger evidence base to draw from, as well as opening communication channels and starting conversations that enable greater and more cohesive response capacity in wilderness, expedition, prehospital, tactical, military and austere applications.
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Makrides, Timothy, and Matt Pepper. "Australian Tactical Medical Association and the Journal of High Threat & Austere Medicine: A joint initiative to progress a niche subspecialty of medicine." Journal of High Threat & Austere Medicine 1, no. 1 (January 20, 2019): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.33553/jhtam.v1i1.8.
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This year sees the launch of the official journal of the Australian Tactical Medical Association (ATMA), the Journal of High Threat and Austere Medicine (JHTAM). This initiative is a significant achievement in the progression of high threat medicine in Australia and builds upon the success of the past 18 months. Whilst ‘Tactical Medicine’ conjures in the minds of the uninformed ideas of black-clad specialists in body armour, JHTAM and ATMA actually encompass and represent a wide range of applications of first aid and medicine. The crossover between all these applications is significant, and collaboration will only allow for a larger evidence base to draw from, as well as opening communication channels and starting conversations that enable greater and more cohesive response capacity in wilderness, expedition, prehospital, tactical, military and austere applications.
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Ljubičić, Natalija. "Approaches to family-school relationships: Examples from Serbia and Australia." Nastava i vaspitanje 71, no. 1 (2022): 47–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/nasvas2201047l.
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Strong communication and cooperation between the family and the school is one of the most important factors contributing to students' learning, identity and well-being. This research aimed to support Serbian policy makers and school authorities to engage more effectively with families as children transition to the first years of school. By drawing on the experiences of Serbian parents who live in Australia and Australian teachers, and considering contemporary educational literature on family-school engagement, it was hoped to identify strategies that might be employed to encourage Serbian school communities to strengthen communication with families and foster improved cooperation between parents and teachers in the early years of school. This study used a qualitative research approach (semi-structured questionnaires and follow-up interviews) to explore parents' and teachers' perceptions and experiences of building and sustaining family-school partnerships in each context. Analyses of Serbian parents' and teachers' views of family-school interactions during the transition-to-school period indicated that families had limited, if any, communication with the school and were rarely involved in their children's learning, including classroom activities and extracurricular events. Analyses of Australian parents' and teachers' perceptions of their transition-to-school engagement experiences indicated that communication and cooperation between family and school were common and frequent. The findings from this study identified a range of suggestions that Serbian schools might adopt to strengthen and sustain communication, engagement and cooperation with families, particularly during the period when children begin school.
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Dahm, Maria R., and Lynda Yates. "English for the Workplace: Doing Patient-Centred Care in Medical Communication." TESL Canada Journal 30, no. 7 (February 20, 2014): 21. http://dx.doi.org/10.18806/tesl.v30i7.1150.
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Canada, like other first-world countries, relies in large part on professional im- migrants trained in other cultures and languages to complement its workforce in a wide range of professions, including medicine. International medical graduates (IMGs) who are nonnative English-speaking (NNES) and who have trained in different medical contexts are often unfamiliar with the sociopragmatic norms underlying both general communication and medical practice in their new host countries, and as a result they can have difficulty using the pragmalinguistic resources needed to strike the appropriate interpersonal note in patient-centred approaches to communication. In this article we used data collected through role-plays performed in an Australian setting by practicing, locally trained, native English-speaking (NES) doctors and NNES IMGs to identify the features of patient-centred medical communication that the latter can find challenging. This approach allowed us to use the discourse to highlight those features of approachability that are likely to be relevant to immigrant professionals in both Canada and Australia. It also helped us to illustrate how discourse data can be used to identify culturally appropriate ways of communicating that can, in turn, contribute to an accurate evidence base from which culturally appropriate communication courses for IMGs and other professionals may be developed.
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Bellamy, Kim, Remo Ostini, Nataly Martini, and Therese Kairuz. "Insights from the coalface: barriers to accessing medicines and pharmacy services for resettled refugees from Africa." Australian Journal of Primary Health 25, no. 2 (2019): 118. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/py18092.
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Resettled refugees in Australia have been shown to exhibit a high prevalence of limited health literacy and are at greater risk of mismanaging their medication and not being able to access the healthcare services they need. The aim of the current study is to explore the barriers to accessing medicines and pharmacy services in Queensland, Australia, among resettled refugees from Africa; this research was conducted from the perspectives of healthcare professionals and people who help the refugees to resettle in their adopted country (resettlement workers). A ‘generic qualitative’ approach was used in this study. In-depth interviews were conducted among healthcare professionals (two GPs, nine pharmacists and three nurse practitioners) and resettlement workers. Participants were recruited via a purposive snowball sampling method in the cities of Brisbane and Townsville, Queensland, Australia. Twenty-four in-depth interviews were conducted; 14 with healthcare professionals. Three key themes emerged from the data: (1) Communication Barriers; (2) Navigating the Health System; and (3) Belief Systems and Culture. Perceptions of those ‘at the coalface’ – healthcare professionals and people who are responsible for assisting refugees to resettle in Australia – provide insight into the language and cultural challenges experienced by resettled refugees from Africa regarding access to the Australian health system, including medicines and pharmacy services.
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Thomas, S. L., K. Lam, L. Piterman, A. Mijch, and P. A. Komesaroff. "Complementary medicine use among people living with HIV/AIDS in Victoria, Australia: practices, attitudes and perceptions." International Journal of STD & AIDS 18, no. 7 (July 1, 2007): 453–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/095646207781147292.
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There is limited evidence suggesting the underlying reasons for the use of complementary and alternative medicines (CAMs) by people with HIV/AIDS, or individual attitudes and beliefs about the use of CAMs. Using focus groups and a survey with 151 individuals attending the HIV Clinics at The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, we aimed to provide insights into factors that influence the use of CAMs among people living with HIV/AIDS. Roughly half (49%) of the participants had used CAMs to manage their HIV/AIDs. Users of CAMs utilized a wide range of treatments in managing their condition, but costs of the CAMs meant that users were not necessarily able to use them as much as they might have liked. Use of CAMs was based on a desire to find something beneficial rather than on being dissatisfied with conventional medicine. Further research is needed into (a) the effects of CAMs and (b) the enhancement of communication and collaboration between patients, doctors and complementary medicine practitioners.
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Smiles, David. "John Robert Philip. 18 January 1927 – 26 June 1999." Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society 51 (January 2005): 327–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbm.2005.0021.
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John Philip was struck by a car and killed on Saturday 26 June 1999 in Amsterdam, where he was visiting the Centre for Mathematics and Information Science. He was a Fellow of the Royal Society, a Fellow of the Australian Academy of Science, a Fellow of the American Geophysical Union, a Foreign Member of the All–Union (later Russian) Academy of Agricultural Sciences, and only the second Australian Foreign Associate of the US National Academy of Engineering. He was the first non–American recipient of the Robert E. Horton Medal, the highest award for hydrology of the American Geophysical Union. In 1998 he was made an Officer of the Order of Australia for ‘service to the science of hydrology, to scientific communication in promoting the interests of science for the community, and to Australian culture through architecture and literature’.This memoir discusses John Philip's character and his work as Australia's most distinguished environmental physicist. It also explores his management of science as well as his poetry and his fascination with architecture.
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Taylor, Silas, Matthew Haywood, and Boaz Shulruf. "Comparison of the effects of simulated patient clinical skill training and student roleplay on objective structured clinical examination performance among medical students in Australia." Journal of Educational Evaluation for Health Professions 16 (January 11, 2019): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.3352/jeehp.2019.16.3.
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Purpose: Optimal methods for communication skills training (CST) are an active research area, but the effects of CST on communication performance in objective structured clinical examinations (OSCEs) has not been closely studied. Student roleplay (RP) for CST is common, although volunteer simulated patient (SP) CST is cost-effective and provides authentic interactions. We assessed whether our volunteer SP CST program improved OSCE performance compared to our previous RP strategy. Methods: We performed a retrospective, quasi-experimental study of 2 second-year medical student cohorts’ OSCE data in Australia. The 2014 cohort received RP-only CST (N=182) while the 2016 cohort received SP-only CST (N=148). The t-test and analysis of variance were used to compare the total scores in 3 assessment domains: generic communication, clinical communication, and physical examination/procedural skills. Results: The baseline characteristics of groups (scores on the Australian Tertiary Admission Rank, Undergraduate Medicine and Health Sciences Admission Test, and medicine program interviews) showed no significant differences between groups. For each domain, the SP-only CST group demonstrated superior OSCE outcomes, and the difference between cohorts was significant (P<0.01). The superiority of volunteer SP CST over student RP CST in terms of OSCE performance outcomes was found for generic communication, clinical communication, and physical examination/procedural skills. Conclusion: The better performance of the SP cohort in physical examination/procedural skills might be explained by the requirement for patient compliance and cooperation, facilitated by good generic communication skills. We recommend a volunteer SP program as an effective and efficient way to improve CST among junior medical students.
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Brocklebank, Hugh James, and Tanisha Jowsey. "Patient communication." Canadian Medical Education Journal 8, no. 3 (December 10, 2019): 125. http://dx.doi.org/10.36834/cmej.v8i3.41988.
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This image is as example of what not to do when communicating with patients during diagnosis consultation. It was drawn for Christine Phillips of the Australian National University School of Medicine in 2012. Hand drawn and then coloured using Adobe Photoshop 2010.
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Thomas, Samantha, Kate O’Loughlin, and Jill Clarke. "Sonographers’ level of autonomy in communication in Australian obstetric settings: Does it affect their professional identity?" Ultrasound 28, no. 3 (June 9, 2020): 136–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1742271x20928576.
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Introduction Unlike the United Kingdom, policies in Australia prevent sonographers from exercising autonomy in their level of communication with pregnant patients in the event of adverse findings. The organisational structure makes the sonographer dependent on the sonologist because sonographers do not have the authority to provide the official report. The emotional labour on sonographers is increased as they struggle to provide patient-centred care, given the limits put on their communication during the ultrasound examination. The aim of this study was to explore Australian sonographers’ views on communicating adverse findings, including their level of autonomy in communicating with patients and how this influences their sense of professional identity. Methods Following a national survey, seven purposively selected participants, who were qualified to perform obstetric ultrasound examinations, completed follow-up interviews. The interviews were thematically analysed with iterative comparison to the survey results. Three case studies show sonographers differed in their ‘communicator type’ due to geographical location and workplace setting. Results The case studies illustrate a sonographer’s communication role, and level of autonomy is negotiated/renegotiated depending on the needs and expectations of each workplace. Their communication practices varied due to the sonologist (radiologist/obstetrician) policy on sonographer/patient communication, presence and support in the clinical setting. A strong professional identity and level of autonomy came from the construction of attributes that were built over time based on multiple factors, including previous experience, geographical location, critical incidents, training and supportive work environments. Conclusion The sonography profession demands autonomy and a strong professional identity free of hierarchical barriers within a collaborative model of care.
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Crozet, Chantal, Kerry Mullan, Jing Qi, and Masoud Kianpour. "Educating critically about language and intercultural communication: What and who is at stake?" Journal of Praxis in Higher Education 3, no. 2 (October 29, 2021): 153–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.47989/kpdc132.
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This paper reflects on the literature on Critical Language and Intercultural Communication Education in light of learnings gained from designing and delivering a course titled ‘Intercultural Communication’ over four years to large cohorts of first-year tertiary students in Australia. It is based on a qualitative research project which involves the analysis of two sets of data: a) ethnographic notes from teaching staff meetings, tutors’ interviews, and tutorial observation, and b) student formal and informal feedback surveys as well as focus group discussions. The paper explores what and who is at stake when teaching and learning about language and intercultural communication from a critical perspective. It unveils from a praxis perspective (theory informed by practice and vice versa) the deeply political and ethical level of engagement that is required of teachers, the kind of metalinguistic and metacultural knowledge, as well as the kind of disposition towards critical thinking and reflexivity, that are called for when teaching and learning in this domain in an Australian tertiary environment.
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Lucas, Michaela, Richard KS Loh, and William B. Smith. "Improving drug allergy management in Australia: education, communication and accurate information." Medical Journal of Australia 210, no. 2 (December 28, 2018): 62–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.5694/mja18.00467.
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Draper, Diane. "Preparing for New Health Privacy Legislation in Rural Australia." Health Information Management 31, no. 2 (June 2003): 15–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/183335830303100210.
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This Rural Professional Practice item describes the benefits of a collaborative, regional approach to implementing new health privacy legislation. Videoconferencing has been adopted to surmount the problems of long-distance communication between the Privacy Officers of 11 regional health services spread throughout a large region of south-eastern Australia.
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Denniston, Charlotte, Elizabeth K. Molloy, Chee Yan Ting, Qi Fei Lin, and Charlotte E. Rees. "Healthcare professionals’ perceptions of learning communication in the healthcare workplace: an Australian interview study." BMJ Open 9, no. 2 (February 2019): e025445. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2018-025445.
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ObjectivesThe literature focuses on teaching communication skills in the ‘classroom’, with less focus on how such skills are informally learnt in the healthcare workplace. We grouped healthcare work based on the cure:care continuum to explore communication approaches based on work activities. This study asks: 1) How do healthcare professionals believe they learn communication in the workplace? 2) What are the differences (if any) across the ‘type of work’ as represented by the cure:care continuum?DesignThis qualitative study used semi-structured individual interviews.SettingCommunity care and acute hospitals in Australia (Victoria and New South Wales).ParticipantsTwenty qualified healthcare professionals (medicine n=4, nursing n=3, allied health n=13) from various clinical specialties (eg, acute, rehabilitation, surgery, palliative care) participated.MethodsData were analysed using framework analysis, which involved the development of a thematic coding framework. Findings were mapped to participants’ descriptions of work using the cure:care continuum.ResultsThree themes were identified that varied across the cure:care continuum: professional discourse—tying communication approaches to work activities; personal identities—the influence of personal identities on healthcare communication and role modelling—the influence of others in the socially bound context of healthcare work.ConclusionsThis study highlights the influence of professional, personal and social factors on the learning of healthcare communication in the workplace. Our study illuminates differences in communication practice related to work activities, as conceptualised by the cure:care continuum. The results call for further examination of the ‘nature’ of work activities and the concomitant influence on developing healthcare communication.
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Sarna, Mohinder, Ross Andrews, Hannah Moore, Michael J. Binks, Lisa McHugh, Gavin F. Pereira, Christopher C. Blyth, et al. "‘Links2HealthierBubs’ cohort study: protocol for a record linkage study on the safety, uptake and effectiveness of influenza and pertussis vaccines among pregnant Australian women." BMJ Open 9, no. 6 (June 2019): e030277. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2019-030277.
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IntroductionPregnant women and infants are at risk of severe influenza and pertussis infection. Inactivated influenza vaccine (IIV) and diphtheria-tetanus-acellular pertussis vaccine (dTpa) are recommended during pregnancy to protect both mothers and infants. In Australia, uptake is not routinely monitored but coverage appears sub-optimal. Evidence on the safety of combined antenatal IIV and dTpa is fragmented or deficient, and there remain knowledge gaps of population-level vaccine effectiveness. We aim to establish a large, population-based, multi-jurisdictional cohort of mother-infant pairs to measure the uptake, safety and effectiveness of antenatal IIV and dTpa vaccines in three Australian jurisdictions. This is a first step toward assessing the impact of antenatal vaccination programmes in Australia, which can then inform government policy with respect to future strategies in national vaccination programmes.Methods and analysis‘Links2HealthierBubs’ is an observational, population-based, retrospective cohort study established through probabilistic record linkage of administrative health data. The cohort includes births between 2012 and 2017 (~607 605 mother-infant pairs) in jurisdictions with population-level antenatal vaccination and health outcome data (Western Australia, Queensland and the Northern Territory). Perinatal data will be the reference frame to identify the cohort. Jurisdictional vaccination registers will identify antenatal vaccination status and the gestational timing of vaccination. Information on maternal, fetal and child health outcomes will be obtained from hospitalisation and emergency department records, notifiable diseases databases, developmental anomalies databases, birth and mortality registers.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval was obtained from the Western Australian Department of Health, Curtin University, the Menzies School of Health Research, the Royal Brisbane and Women’s Hospital, and the West Australian Aboriginal Health Ethics Committees. Research findings will be disseminated in peer-reviewed journals, at scientific meetings, and may be incorporated into communication materials for public health agencies and the public.
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McGrath, P., D. Henderson, J. Tamargo, and HA Holewa. "Doctor - patient Communication Issues for International Medical Graduates: Research Findings From Australia." Education for Health 25, no. 1 (2012): 48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/1357-6283.99206.
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Smyth, V. A. "(A166) Disaster Risk Reduction - Extreme Heat Preparedness." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 26, S1 (May 2011): s48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x11001646.
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BackgroundSouth Australia is often referred to as the driest state in the driest continent on earth and the community expects summers to be hot. However since 2007 South Australia has experienced several periods of extreme heat which have challenged and required the emergency services including health to consider a new preparedness approach. Any extreme weather condition can cause disruption to the community and the effects of such events as extreme heat are not always immediately obvious. However these effects can silently cause death and an increase to the health burden of the community.DiscussionIn South Australia the term ‘Extreme Heat’ as opposed to ‘Heatwave’ has been quite deliberately chosen as this describes more accurately an unusual climatic situation characterised by higher temperatures and greater length of time than normally expected. A number of studies have been undertaken to consider the impact on the health of the South Australian community and its health services and specfic action plans and communication strategies have been developed to respond to extreme heat and encourage an increasing level of community resilience. This paper will describe recent events, some of the research undertaken and the preparedness, planning and response strategies implemented to reduce and manage the risk.ConclusionThe response strategies introduced in South Australia have been recognised for their excellence and in 2010 SA Health was the recipient of several awards at both state and national level for this work.
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Diggens, Justine, and Therese Chesson. "Do factors of emotion-focussed patient care and communication impact job stress, satisfaction and burnout in radiation therapists?" Journal of Radiotherapy in Practice 13, no. 1 (April 22, 2013): 4–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s146039691300006x.
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AbstractObjectivesTo investigate levels and sources of job stress, job satisfaction and burnout experienced by radiation therapists (RTs) in an Australian cancer hospital, and determine the factors of emotion-focussed patient care and communication that contribute to RTs’ stress and burnout.MethodsOne hundred and thirteen RTs working in a dedicated cancer hospital in Australia completed a self-report questionnaire.ResultsTwelve percent of RTs reported job stress while 73·5% reported job satisfaction in their current work roles. Up to 19% of RTs experienced burnout as measured on the Maslach Burnout Inventory scales. Emotion-focussed care and communication with patients was found to have links with job stress and burnout, but also with job reward and satisfaction. A range of organisational, personal and support factors were associated with RTs’ experiences, including training and confidence in emotion-focussed patient communication.ConclusionEmotion-focussed care and patient communication contributes to both job stress and burnout, as well as job satisfaction. RTs’ experience of job stress, satisfaction or burnout are likely to vary according to a range of personal, demographic and organisational factors.
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Hardie, Rae-Anne, Donna Moore, Derek Holzhauser, Michael Legg, Andrew Georgiou, and Tony Badrick. "Informatics External Quality Assurance (IEQA) Down Under: evaluation of a pilot implementation." LaboratoriumsMedizin 42, no. 6 (December 19, 2018): 297–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/labmed-2018-0050.
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AbstractExternal quality assurance (EQA) provides ongoing evaluation to verify that laboratory medicine results conform to quality standards expected for patient care. While attention has focused predominantly on test accuracy, the diagnostic phases, consisting of pre- and post-laboratory phases of testing, have thus far lagged in the development of an appropriate diagnostic-phase EQA program. One of the challenges faced by Australian EQA has been a lack of standardisation or “harmonisation” resulting from variations in reporting between different laboratory medicine providers. This may introduce interpretation errors and misunderstanding of results by clinicians, resulting in a threat to patient safety. While initiatives such as the Australian Pathology Information, Terminology and Units Standardisation (PITUS) program have produced Standards for Pathology Informatics in Australia (SPIA), conformity to these requires regular monitoring to maintain integrity of data between sending (laboratory medicine providers) and receiving (physicians, MyHealth Record, registries) organisations’ systems. The PITUS 16 Informatics EQA (IEQA) Project together with the Royal College of Pathologists of Australasia Quality Assurance Programs (RCPAQAP) has created a system to perform quality assurance on the electronic laboratory message when the laboratory sends a result back to the EQA provider. The purpose of this study was to perform a small scale pilot implementation of an IEQA protocol, which was performed to test the suitability of the system to check compliance of existing Health Level-7 (HL7 v2.4) reporting standards localised and constrained by the RCPA SPIA. Here, we present key milestones from the implementation, including: (1) software development, (2) installation, and verification of the system and communication services, (3) implementation of the IEQA program and compliance testing of the received HL7 v2.4 report messages, (4) compilation of a draft Informatics Program Survey Report for each laboratory and (5) review consisting of presentation of a report showing the compliance checking tool to each participating laboratory.
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Chang, DTS, IA Thyer, D. Hayne, and DJ Katz. "Using mobile technology to overcome language barriers in medicine." Annals of The Royal College of Surgeons of England 96, no. 6 (September 2014): e23-e25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1308/003588414x13946184903685.
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Australia has a large migrant population with variable fluency in English. Interpreting services help ensure that healthcare services are delivered appropriately to these populations. However, the use of professional interpreters in hospitals is expensive. There are also issues with service availability and convenience. Mobile devices containing software with translating abilities have promising potential to improve communication between patients and hospital staff as an adjunct to professional interpreters. It is highly convenient and inexpensive. There are concerns about the accuracy of the interpretation done with such software and more research needs to be carried out to support or allay these concerns. For now, clinically important and medicolegal related interpretation should be undertaken by professional interpreters whereas less crucial tasks may be performed with the help of interpreting software on mobile devices.
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GÓMEZ-MOYA, CRISTINA A., CARLOS H. W. FLECHTMANN, RENATA SANTOS DE MENDONÇA, PARMENIO TAVERAS, ANDREA O. FELIZ LEBRÓN, RAÚL T. VILLANUEVA, and DENISE NAVIA. "The banana rust mite, Phyllocoptruta musae Keifer (Eriophyidae), an invasive mite in the Caribbean presenting an unusual sexual behavior." Zoosymposia 22 (November 30, 2022): 66–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zoosymposia.22.1.34.
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The banana rust mite, Phyllocoptruta musae Keifer, 1955 (Eriophyidae), was observed for the first time in the Caribbean in 2020, in Dominican Republic, in the Línea Noroeste region, Valverde and Monte Cristi provinces, infesting Musa acuminata plantations (Gran Enano and Williams hybrids) (Gómez-Moya et al., 2021). This eriophyid mite was described from Queensland, Australia on Musa x paradisiaca L. (Keifer, 1955). In the Eastern Hemisphere, besides Australia P. musae had been reported from China, in the autonomous region of Guangxi Zhuang; on Hainan Island, and in Thailand (Li et al., 2007; Tan et al., 2014; Chandrapatya et al., 2016; Amrine & de Lillo, personnal communication). In Australia infestations were reported causing fruit spotting (Keifer, 1955).
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Usatenko, Galyna, and Tamara Usatenko. "UKRAINIAN-AUSTRALIAN LITERARY HORIZON: CHALLENGES OF ESTABLISHMENT." Almanac of Ukrainian Studies, no. 29 (2021): 181–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/2520-2626/2021.29.25.
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The article considers the role of Ukrainian literature in the preservation of native culture in Australia of immigrants from Ukraine in the first wave of settlement and the decline of interest in literature in the country of emigrants in the next waves of arrival. The increased attention of the first Ukrainian immigrants to fiction as a unique factor in preserving the mentality in the multicultural society, the formation of public identity, the development of worldview and cognitive, socio-humanitarian, sociopolitical beliefs of the community, each individual. Stages, forms, methods, approaches in the organization of mass literary education of Ukrainian settlers, the activity of literary, non-literary (cultural, sports, professional), commercial and noncommercial structures of the community in the organization of literary process is revealed: selection for reading of classical literature, financial support of writers, participation in printing literary texts, distributing, filling libraries with literature, etc. The contribution of book lovers' circles to the unity of the community, improvement of communication, personal relations, raising interest in reading Ukrainian literature, comprehension of the content of what is read is proved. The role of writers, writers' associations, organizations, literary studios, scientists, public activists in the development of cultural, artistic, literary, educational processes has been studied. The special role of Ukrainian studies centers of universities in Australia in the development of scientific foundations of education, literary studies simultaneously with the solution of economic and economic development, integration into the civil society of the state of Australia. The isolation of the factors of Ukrainian studies from the basis of Ukrainian studies is substantiated. Attention is paid to modern literary studies of the young gener ation of Ukrainian scientists born in Australia (field theory, network, art aesthetics, etc.) through the prism of postmodernist ideas of Western European culture. It is noted about the integration of the Ukrainian literary network into the Australian socio-cultural space. The connections and cooperation of Ukrainian studies centers in Australia with literary institutions of Ukraine, international scientific literary studies, Ukrainian studies centers are highlighted. The emergence of conflicts, conflicts of interest, desires, understanding of opposing views that appear in the process of communication between Ukrainian immigrants of the first wave of settlement and the representatives of the next stages, the preconditions of which are based on objective and subjective conditions. It is noted that the joint solution of inconsistencies based on cooperation and the development of constructive decisions is far from a positive clarification. Challenges, inconsistencies of the emigrant community of the first and subsequent waves of settlement, difficulties of preservation of identity, language, traditions, culture in the multicultural environment are found out.
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Thomas, Samantha, Kate O’Loughlin, and Jillian Clarke. "Factors that Influence the Communication of Adverse Findings in Obstetrics: A Survey of Current Sonographer Practices in Australia." Journal of Diagnostic Medical Sonography 36, no. 3 (February 28, 2020): 199–209. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/8756479320905816.
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Objective: To identify factors influencing sonographers’ practices in communicating adverse obstetric findings and to understand their views on the need for standardized national policies and guidelines. Methods: Qualified and trainee sonographers who currently perform obstetric sonography were invited to complete a survey through the Australasian Sonographers Association. Closed-ended questions sought information on the demographic profile of the participants and their experiences on a range of issues related to workplace practices and policies. Open-ended questions allowed respondents to elaborate on workplace interactions and their views on the communication roles of sonologists (radiologists and obstetricians) and sonographers. Results: The practice setting, the background of the sonologist, the type of adverse finding, and the trimester in which a patient is scanned have an impact on the level of difficulty for sonographers in obstetric communication. These findings highlight a lack of uniformity of sonographer and sonologist communication with patients due to limited training, lack of formalized departmental policies, inadequate support, and communication practices by radiologists. As a result, respondents strongly supported the development of a standardized national policy. Conclusion: In the current environment of patient-centered care, sonographers are in a challenging position as they do not have policies supporting them as independent health care professionals, autonomously deciding on the best approach to communicate findings with their patients. This may lead to anxiety and stress if they lack control over the interaction. More support from sonologists in a radiology setting is needed. These findings should encourage professional bodies to address these issues by working collaboratively and to recognize the importance of the sonographers’ role and their unique position with pregnant patients.
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Long, S. A., and R. A. Tinker. "Australian action to reduce health risks from radon." Annals of the ICRP 49, no. 1_suppl (August 3, 2020): 77–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0146645320931983.
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In Australia, worker exposure to radon in underground uranium mines has been a focus of policy makers and regulators, and has been well controlled in the industry sector. That cannot be said for public exposure to radon. Radon exposure studies in the late 1980s and early 1990s demonstrated that the levels of radon in Australian homes were some of the lowest in the world. The International Basic Safety Standards, published by the International Atomic Energy Agency, requires the government to establish and implement an action plan for controlling public exposure due to radon indoors. When considering different policy options, it is important to develop radon prevention and mitigation programmes reflecting elements that are unique to the region or country. The Australian Radon Action Plan is being considered at a national level, and presents a long-range strategy designed to reduce radon-induced lung cancer in Australia, as well as the individual risk for people living with high concentrations of radon. In Australia, workers who are not currently designated as occupationally exposed are also considered as members of the public. In the Australian context, there are only a limited set of scenarios that might give rise to sufficiently high radon concentrations that warrant mitigation. These include highly energy efficient buildings in areas of high radon potential, underground workplaces, workplaces with elevated radon concentrations (e.g. spas using natural spring waters), and enclosed workspaces with limited ventilation. The key elements for a successful plan will rely on collaboration between government sectors and other health promotion programmes, cooperative efforts involving technical and communication experts, and partnering with building professionals and other stakeholders involved in the implementation of radon prevention and mitigation.
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Baysari, Melissa T., Mai Duong, Wu Yi Zheng, Amy Nguyen, Sarita Lo, Brendan Ng, Angus Ritchie, et al. "Delivering the right information to the right person at the right time to facilitate deprescribing in hospital: a mixed methods multisite study to inform decision support design in Australia." BMJ Open 9, no. 9 (September 2019): e030950. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2019-030950.
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ObjectivesTo inform the design of electronic decision support (EDS) to facilitate deprescribing in hospitals we set out to (1) explore the current processes of in-hospital medicines review, deprescribing and communication of deprescribing decisions with the patient’s general practitioner (GP), (2) identify barriers to undertaking these tasks and (3) determine user preferences for EDS.DesignMultimethod, multisite study comprising observations, semistructured interviews and focus groups.SettingGeneral medicine, geriatric medicine and rehabilitation wards at six hospitals in two local health districts in Sydney, Australia and primary care practices in one primary healthcare district in Sydney, Australia.Participants149 participants took part in observations, interviews and focus groups, including 69 hospital doctors, 13 nurses, 55 pharmacists and 12 GPs.Main outcome measuresObservational data on who was involved in medicines review and deprescribing, when medicines review took place, and what artefacts (eg, forms) were used. Participants reported perceptions of medicines review, polypharmacy and deprescribing and preferences for EDS.ResultsDeprescribing, undertaken during medicines review, was typically performed by a junior doctor, following a decision to deprescribe by a senior doctor. Key barriers to deprescribing included a perception that deprescribing was not the responsibility of hospital doctors, a lack of confidence among junior doctors and pharmacists in broaching this topic with senior doctors and a lack of patient engagement in the deprescribing process. In designing EDS, the tools, likely to be used by junior doctors, pharmacists and nurses, should be available throughout the hospitalisation and should comprise non-interruptive evidence-based guidance on why and how to deprescribe.ConclusionsDeprescribing decisions are complex and influenced by multiple factors. The implementation of EDS alone is unlikely to address all barriers identified. To achieve sustained improvements in monitoring of polypharmacy and subsequent deprescribing, a multifaceted intervention is needed.
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Shields, John, Dow Scott, Richard Sperling, and Thomas Higgins. "Rewards Communication in Australia and the United States: A Survey of Policies and Programs." Compensation & Benefits Review 41, no. 6 (October 5, 2009): 14–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0886368709346686.
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Udy, Andrew. "Qua pote quisque, in ea conterat arte diem: COVID-19 and Australian and New Zealand intensive care." Critical Care and Resuscitation 22, no. 2 (June 1, 2020): 103–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.51893/2020.2.ed1.
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The current global severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic has thrust intensive care medicine to the forefront of health care practice in Australia and New Zealand. Indeed, reports from other countries and jurisdictions convey highly confronting statistics about the scale of this public health emergency, particularly in terms of the demand on intensive care unit (ICU)services. Whether this occurs here remains to be seen, although if such a scenario does eventuate, it will represent an unprecedented challenge to our community. In parallel, these events offer the opportunity for greater coordination, improved communication, and innovation in clinical care, which are principles that in many ways define our specialty.
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Lewis, Sophie, Alex Broom, Katherine Kenny, and Emma Kirby. "Cancer caregivers’ experiences of prognosis in Australia: a qualitative interview study." BMJ Open 10, no. 1 (January 2020): e032361. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2019-032361.
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ObjectivesForecasting survival in cancer is a particularly challenging facet of oncological work and can involve complex interactions with patients and their families. While there is considerable research on patient experiences of being provided with, or becoming aware of, their prognosis, there has been much less emphasis placed on the experiences of caregivers. The aim of this paper was to examine caregivers’ experiences of prognosis.DesignThis study used semistructured interviews; transcripts were analysed thematically using the framework approach. These data are part of a larger research project focused on experiences of cancer survivorship.SettingRecruitment was from two metropolitan hospitals in Queensland, Australia.Participants50 caregivers of patients living with cancer and receiving treatment at two metropolitan hospitals (32% male, 68% female) participated in this study.ResultsFour main themes were identified: (1) caregivers’ uncertainty around the meaning and implications of prognosis, (2) caregivers’ sense of exclusion in prognostic conversations, (3) the practice of situating prognosis within a context of hope and (4) the precarious balance between realism, optimism and strategic ‘ignorance’.ConclusionsCaregivers are in many respects the unseen third party of prognostic communication. Developing a better understanding of caregivers’ perceptions of prognosis, including how this may be challenged, accepted or otherwise, is important in engaging caregivers in the process of communicating prognostic information. Facilitating greater participation by caregivers in prognostic conversations could potentially address evident complexities and even improve the experiences of all stakeholders in cancer care settings.
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Dunn, Jeff, Belinda Goodwin, Joanne F. Aitken, Sonja March, Fiona Crawford-Williams, Michael Ireland, Nicholas Ralph, Leah Zajdlewicz, Arlen Rowe, and Suzanne K. Chambers. "Are National Cancer Control Indicators for patient experiences being met in regional and remote Australia? A cross-sectional study of cancer survivors who travelled for treatment." BMJ Open 11, no. 2 (February 2021): e042507. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-042507.
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ObjectiveTo examine the health services experience of patients with cancer from regional and remote Australia using the Australian National Cancer Control Indicators (NCCI) guidelines as an assessment framework.DesignCross-sectional.SettingQueensland non-for-profit cancer accommodation lodges.ParticipantsParticipants were patients with cancer who travelled for treatment from rural and remote Queensland to major urban centres (n=518; age mean=64.6, SD=11.18).Outcome measuresAssessments included NCCI patient indicators, quality of life (QoL), psychological distress and unmet supportive care needs.ResultsThe frequency at which NCCI indicators were met ranged from 37.5% for receiving an assessment and care plan to 97.3% for understanding explanations about diagnosis. Geographical considerations did not impact patient experience, whereas middle school educated participants were more likely than those with senior-level education or higher to receive an assessment and care plan (OR=1.90, 95% CI 1.23 to 2.91) and to report having their views on treatment taken into account (OR=2.22, 95% CI 1.49 to 3.33). Patients with breast or prostate cancer reported better communication and patient involvement and information and services provision (r=p<0.001) compared with those with skin and head and neck cancer. When compared with information and service provision, communication and patient involvement showed stronger positive associations with QoL (z=2.03, p=0.042), psychosocial (z=2.05, p=0.040) and patient care (z=2.00, p=0.046) outcomes.ConclusionThe patient care experience varies across the NCCI indicators by sociodemographic and clinical factors that likely reflect healthcare system biases. Perceptions about communication and involvement appear most critical for optimal outcomes and should be a priority action area for cancer control.
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Chong, Lauren, Silas Taylor, Matthew Haywood, Barbara-Ann Adelstein, and Boaz Shulruf. "Examiner seniority and experience are associated with bias when scoring communication, but not examination, skills in objective structured clinical examinations in Australia." Journal of Educational Evaluation for Health Professions 15 (July 18, 2018): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.3352/jeehp.2018.15.17.
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Purpose: The biases that may influence objective structured clinical examination (OSCE) scoring are well understood, and recent research has attempted to establish the magnitude of their impact. However, the influence of examiner experience, clinical seniority, and occupation on communication and physical examination scores in OSCEs has not yet been clearly established. Methods: We compared the mean scores awarded for generic and clinical communication and physical examination skills in 2 undergraduate medicine OSCEs in relation to examiner characteristics (gender, examining experience, occupation, seniority, and speciality). The statistical significance of the differences was calculated using the 2-tailed independent t-test and analysis of variance. Results: Five hundred and seventeen students were examined by 237 examiners at the University of New South Wales in 2014 and 2016. Examiner gender, occupation (academic, clinician, or clinical tutor), and job type (specialist or generalist) did not significantly impact scores. Junior doctors gave consistently higher scores than senior doctors in all domains, and this difference was statistically significant for generic and clinical communication scores. Examiner experience was significantly inversely correlated with generic communication scores. Conclusion: We suggest that the assessment of examination skills may be less susceptible to bias because this process is fairly prescriptive, affording greater scoring objectivity. We recommend training to define the marking criteria, teaching curriculum, and expected level of performance in communication skills to reduce bias in OSCE assessment.
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Farrugia, Adrian, Joanne Neale, Robyn Dwyer, Renae Fomiatti, Suzanne Fraser, John Strang, and Paul Dietze. "Conflict and communication: managing the multiple affordances of take-home naloxone administration events in Australia." Addiction Research & Theory 28, no. 1 (February 27, 2019): 29–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/16066359.2019.1571193.
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Nguyen, Janet, Lorraine Smith, Jennifer Hunter, and Joanna E. Harnett. "Conventional and Complementary Medicine Health Care Practitioners’ Perspectives on Interprofessional Communication: A Qualitative Rapid Review." Medicina 55, no. 10 (September 27, 2019): 650. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicina55100650.
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Background and Objectives: People have multi-faceted health care needs and consult a diverse range of health care practitioners (HCP) from both the conventional and complementary medicine healthcare sectors. The effective communication between HCP and with patients are obvious requisites to coordinating multidisciplinary care and shared decision making. Further, miscommunication is a leading cause of patient harm and is associated with reduced patient satisfaction, health literacy, treatment compliance and quality of life. In conventional healthcare settings, the differences in professional hierarchy, training, communication styles and culture are recognised communication barriers. Less is known about interprofessional communication (IPC) that includes traditional and complementary medicine (TCM) HCP. This review aims to summarise the experiences and perceptions of conventional and complementary HCP and identify factors that influence IPC. Methods: A qualitative rapid literature review was conducted. Six databases were searched to identify original research and systematic reviews published since 2009 and in English. Excluded were articles reporting original research outside of Australia that did not include TCM-HCP, already cited in a systematic review, or of low quality with a score of less than three on a critical appraisal skills programme (CASP) checklist. A thematic analysis of included studies was used to identify and explore important and recurring themes. Results: From the conducted searches, 18 articles were included, 11 of which reported data on complementary HCP and seven were literature reviews. Four key themes were identified that impact IPC: medical dominance, clarity of HCP roles, a shared vision, and education and training. Conclusion: IPC within and between conventional and complementary HCP is impacted by interrelated factors. A diverse range of initiatives that facilitate interprofessional learning and collaboration are required to facilitate IPC and help overcome medical dominance and interprofessional cultural divides.
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Loh, Poh-Kooi, Leon Flicker, and Barbara Horner. "Attitudes Toward Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in Residential Aged Care in Western Australia." Journal of the American Medical Directors Association 10, no. 6 (July 2009): 408–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jamda.2009.02.012.
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Eeles, Abbey L., Alice C. Burnett, Jeanie LY Cheong, Alex Aldis, Louise Pallot, Tien Polonidis, Krista Rust, Rod W. Hunt, Clare Delany, and Alicia J. Spittle. "Identifying research priorities in newborn medicine: a Delphi study of parents’ views." BMJ Open 11, no. 11 (November 2021): e044836. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-044836.
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ObjectiveNeonatal conditions can have lifelong implications for the health and well-being of children and families. Traditionally, parents and patients have not been included in shaping the agenda for research and yet they are profoundly affected by the neonatal experience and its consequences. This study aimed to identify consensus research priorities among parents/patients of newborn medicine in Australia and New Zealand.DesignParents/patients with experience of neonatal care in Australia and New Zealand completed an online Delphi study to identify research priorities across four epochs (neonatal admission, early childhood, childhood/adolescence and adulthood). Parents/patients first generated key challenges in each of these epochs. Through inductive thematic analysis, recurring topics were identified and research questions generated. Parents/patients rated these questions in terms of priorities and a list of questions consistently rated as high priority was identified.Participants393 individuals participated, 388 parents whose children had received neonatal care and 5 adults who had received neonatal care themselves.ResultsMany research questions were identified as high-priority across the lifespan. These included how to best support parental mental health, relationships between parents and neonatal clinical staff (including involvement in care and communication), bonding and the parent–child relationship, improving neonatal medical care and addressing long-term impacts on child health and neurodevelopment.ConclusionsParents with experience of newborn medicine have strong, clear and recurring research priorities spanning neonatal care practices, psychological and other impacts on families, and impacts on child development. These findings should guide neonatal research efforts. In addition to generating new knowledge, improved translation of existing evidence to parents is also needed.
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Mazzoni, Daniel, and Jim Muir. "A Comment on: “Patient and Tumour Characteristics of Keratoacanthoma in a Large, Community-based Cohort Study from Queensland, Australia”." Acta Dermato-Venereologica 101, no. 10 (October 26, 2021): adv00578. http://dx.doi.org/10.2340/actadv.v101.270.
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Mcbride, L. J. "Spinal Anaesthesia—Early Australian Experience." Anaesthesia and Intensive Care 33, no. 1_suppl (June 2005): 39–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0310057x0503301s06.
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Australia in 1902 was a fledgling colony in its second year of Federation with a population of around 3.7 million. European settlement had been largely confined to the coastal margins of this enormous land mass, although some bold adventurers in search of gold and farmland had struggled their way into the interior. Horsham, situated 300 km northwest of Melbourne in the state of Victoria, was founded in June 1849. By 1902 the town, with a population of around 2500, had grown to boast a hospital, two doctors, a pharmacist and a dentist. It was at the Horsham Hospital on January 7, 1902 that Dr Robert Ritchie performed Australia's first recorded spinal anaesthetic. Ritchie performed a lumbar puncture at the L3–4 level, injected 2 ml of 2% cocaine solution and waited for a total of 20 minutes before realising that the sensation the patient was feeling when he pinched him was pressure, not pain. The 78-year-old man with a gangrenous right leg, prostatic obstruction and congestive cardiac failure was laid supine, and had his right leg amputated through the thigh while being administered brandy and water. Strychnine injections were administered four hourly postoperatively. The adoption of the technique of spinal anaesthesia spread quickly in Australia despite communication difficulties at that time.
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Idris Kusumanegara, Hilmannur Badruzaman, and Galih Meigiansyah Putra. "RCEP trade zones within the framework of political communication Asia pacific countries." World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews 16, no. 2 (November 30, 2022): 156–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/wjarr.2022.16.2.1155.
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The trade feud between the Americas and Europe, making the countries of the Asian region heat up, was initiated by China. Several Asia Pacific countries established multilateral trade political communication by forming the RCEP trade zone, (Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership), then Australia and New Zealand expressed interest in joining the RCEP. This manuscript explores the deepening of the material using literature study, literature review, repositories, and relevant blog content. The methodology used is in qualitative form. The conclusion reached is that the Chinese state continues to create digital-based connecting channels and create delivery channels for goods and services, which are carried out to make it smoother and faster, so that member countries can achieve superior competitiveness in terms of marketing commodities goods and services, with the hope that it can have superior competitive value compared to the commodities of other regional countries.
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Ekberg, Katie, Lara Weinglass, Stuart Ekberg, Susan Danby, and Anthony Herbert. "The pervasive relevance of COVID-19 within routine paediatric palliative care consultations during the pandemic: A conversation analytic study." Palliative Medicine 34, no. 9 (August 16, 2020): 1202–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0269216320950089.
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Background: The importance of caring for children with complex and serious conditions means that paediatric palliative care must continue during pandemics. The recent pandemic of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) provides a natural experiment to study health communication during pandemic times. However, it is unknown how communication within consultations might change during pandemics. Aim: This study, a sub-study of a larger project, aimed to examine real-world instances of communication in paediatric palliative care consultations prior to and during the COVID-19 pandemic to understand how clinicians and families talk about the pandemic. Design: Paediatric palliative care consultations prior to, during, and immediately following the initial peak of COVID-19 cases in Australia were video recorded and analysed using Conversation Analysis methods. Setting/participants: Twenty-five paediatric palliative care consultations (including face-to-face outpatient, telehealth outpatient and inpatient consultations) were video recorded within a public children’s hospital in Australia. Participants included 14 health professionals, 15 child patients, 23 adult family members and 5 child siblings. Results: There was a pervasive relevance of both serious and non-serious talk about COVID-19 within the consultations recorded during the pandemic. Topics typical of a standard paediatric palliative care consultation often led to discussion of the pandemic. Clinicians (55%) and parents (45%) initiated talk about the pandemic. Conclusions: Clinicians should not be surprised by the pervasiveness of COVID-19 or other pandemic talk within standard paediatric palliative care consultations. This awareness will enable clinicians to flexibly address family needs and concerns about pandemic-related matters that may impact health and wellbeing.
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Kljakovic, Marjan, and Jo Risk. "The anatomical placement of body organs by Australian and New Zealand patients and health professionals in general practice." Journal of Primary Health Care 4, no. 3 (2012): 239. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/hc12239.
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INTRODUCTION: Understanding patients awareness of the anatomical placement of their body organs is important for doctorpatient communication. AIM: To measure the correct anatomical placement of body organs by people from Australian and New Zealand general practices METHOD: A questionnaire survey containing drawings of 11 organs placed in different locations within each drawing. RESULTS: Among 1156 participants, there was no difference in the proportion of correct placement of 11 organs between Australian (51.7%) and New Zealand (49.6%) general practices. There was a positive correlation between the proportion of correctly placed organs and the age participants left school (p=0.012) and a negative correlation with the number of GP visits in the previous year (p=0.040). Participants from rural Australia were more likely to correctly place organs than urban participants (p=0.018). The mean proportion of organs correctly placed for doctors was 80.5%, nurses 66.5%, allied health 61.5%, health administrators 50.6% and the remaining consulting patients 51.3%. DISCUSSION: Patients from Australian and New Zealand general practice were poorly aware of the correct placement of organs. Health professionals were moderately better than patients at correct placement. KEYWORDS: Health knowledge; attitudes; practice; anatomy; general practice
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Powell, Anastasia. "Configuring Consent: Emerging Technologies, Unauthorized Sexual Images and Sexual Assault." Australian & New Zealand Journal of Criminology 43, no. 1 (April 2010): 76–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1375/acri.43.1.76.
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Contemporary teens and young adults, often collectively referred to as the .NET generation or the ‘digital generation’, represent the largest proportion of end-users in the information and communication technologies market (Australian Bureau of Statistics [ABS], 2007; Australian Communications and Media Authority [ACMA], 2007, 2008). While there is much written concerning the rise in pornographic and other sexual material via the internet and mobile phones there is comparatively little published work regarding the use of information and communication technologies for the distribution of unauthorised sexual images, more particularly, where a sexual assault has occurred. This article considers the issues raised by the use of information and communication technologies in sexual violence and the distribution of unauthorised sexual images. The implications of this emerging issue are considered in light of existing and potential legislative frameworks.
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Khalil, H., A. Downie, and E. Ristevski. "Mapping palliative and end of care research in Australia (2000–2018)." Palliative and Supportive Care 18, no. 6 (January 20, 2020): 713–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1478951519001111.
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AbstractObjectiveThe objective of this study is to map the existent research undertaken in Australia into broad thematic areas and identify the characteristics of the studies and areas of future research in the literature.MethodsA scoping review methodology was employed to map the current areas of research undertaken in Australia since January 2000 until the end of December 2018 according to years of publications, types of studies, populations studied, research themes, and areas of focus.ResultsOur review identified 1,405 Australian palliative care research publications between January 2000 and December 2018. Nearly 40% of the studies were quantitative (39%) and a third were qualitative studies (31%). The remainder of the studies were reviews, mixed methods, quality improvement projects, and others. One-third (30%) of the research was done with carers' participants followed by nurses (22%) and doctors and physicians (18%). The most frequently reported diagnosis in the studies was cancer with 42% of the publication total. The most frequently explored theme was physical symptoms (such as pain, breathlessness, nausea, delirium, and dyspnea) with a total of 16% of all articles followed by communication (15%). There was a large gap to the next most frequently explored theme with service delivery (9%) and coordination of care (8%). Assessment of patients (7%), end-of-life decision-making (6%), and rural/regional (6%) all produced a similar number of publications. Very few studies addressed topics such as quality of life, E-Health, after-hours care, spirituality, and health economics. Moreover, there were only 15 (1%) studies focused on the last days of life.Significance of the resultsThe current review presented a comprehensive search of the literature across almost two decades in Australia in the palliative care setting. It has covered a breadth of research topics and highlighted urgent areas for further research.
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Wright, Maree, Alison Purcell, and Vicki A. Reed. "Cochlear Implants and Infants: Expectations and Outcomes." Annals of Otology, Rhinology & Laryngology 111, no. 5_suppl (May 2002): 131–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00034894021110s526.
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This study followed the communication and motor development of 3 profoundly deaf infants who underwent cochlear implantation. All infants were receiving auditory habilitation at the Sydney Cochlear Implant Centre, Australia, with the view to acquiring oral language skills and had English-speaking, hearing parents. Their progress was tracked with a battery of measurement tools before and after cochlear implantation. The results indicated noticeable growth in receptive language and motor skills after operation. Although expressive language improved, the rate of growth was much slower than changes in other areas. Although some areas of the subjects' communication skills remained delayed, the importance of tracking their progress according to their hearing age, as well as the chronological age, was evident.
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Jowsey, Tanisha, James Gillespie, and Clive Aspin. "Effective communication is crucial to self-management: the experiences of immigrants to Australia living with diabetes." Chronic Illness 7, no. 1 (November 15, 2010): 6–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1742395310387835.
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Schoultz, Mariyana, Janni Leung, Tore Bonsaksen, Mary Ruffolo, Hilde Thygesen, Daicia Price, and Amy Østertun Geirdal. "Mental Health, Information and Being Connected: Qualitative Experiences of Social Media Use during the COVID-19 Pandemic from a Trans-National Sample." Healthcare 9, no. 6 (June 15, 2021): 735. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/healthcare9060735.
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Background: Due to the COVID-19 pandemic and the strict national policies regarding social distancing behavior in Europe, America and Australia, people became reliant on social media as a means for gathering information and as a tool for staying connected to family, friends and work. This is the first trans-national study exploring the qualitative experiences and challenges of using social media while in lockdown or shelter-in-place during the current pandemic. Methods: This study was part of a wider cross-sectional online survey conducted in Norway, the UK, USA and Australia during April/May 2020. The manuscript reports on the qualitative free-text component of the study asking about the challenges of social media users during the COVID-19 pandemic in the UK, USA and Australia. A total of 1991 responses were included in the analysis. Thematic analysis was conducted independently by two researchers. Results: Three overarching themes identified were: Emotional/Mental Health, Information and Being Connected. Participants experienced that using social media during the pandemic amplified anxiety, depression, fear, panic, anger, frustration and loneliness. They felt that there was information overload and social media was full of misleading or polarized opinions which were difficult to switch off. Nonetheless, participants also thought that there was an urge for connection and learning, which was positive and stressful at the same time. Conclusion: Using social media while in a shelter-in-place or lockdown could have a negative impact on the emotional and mental health of some of the population. To support policy and practice in strengthening mental health care in the community, social media could be used to deliver practical advice on coping and stress management. Communication with the public should be strengthened by unambiguous and clear messages and clear communication pathways. We should be looking at alternative ways of staying connected.
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Power, Ray, and Brian Williams. "Rural access line: a tool for Improving communication between rural GPs and hospital specialists in Western Australia." Medical Journal of Australia 160, no. 7 (April 1994): 450. http://dx.doi.org/10.5694/j.1326-5377.1994.tb138287.x.
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Kuljic, Blagoje. "Cognitive-behavioral therapy of conversion aphonia." Vojnosanitetski pregled 61, no. 6 (2004): 695–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/vsp0406695k.
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Although a common disease, conversion disorder still calls attention in the clinical practice. A case of conversion disorder, diagnosed as a psychogenic aphonia that persisted for a week, was reported in this paper. A 21-year-old woman developed symptoms after breaking off a long-lasting relationship with her boy-friend. History revealed that she was introvert with high neuroticism and communication problems. Cognitive-behavioral therapy was used. After the positive reinforcement in the therapy of her aphonia, assertion training for the development of communication skills was performed. In the end, cognitive restructuring was used to prevent relapse in regard to her actual life situation of being a refugee preparing for immigration to Australia.
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ALSHEHAB, Hanan MOHAMMED. "Female Saudi International Students Daily Practices on Social Media in Australia." International Journal for Innovation Education and Research 5, no. 12 (December 31, 2017): 39–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.31686/ijier.vol5.iss12.855.
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The effect of Social Media (SM) technology on human life in the 21St century cannot be denied; the use of SM platforms can be seen in various fields, such as education, medicine, politics, social life, communication methods, and daily life. The research aimed to investigate SM’s impact on Female Saudi International Students’ (FSIS) English language learning and creation of identities. This study utilized a qualitative method to obtain in-depth knowledge of FSIS’ practices on SM and the effects on their learning and identity. The semi-structured interview was used to collect the data from eight FSIS. Thematic analysis was used to analyze the data. Three main themes were generated: FSIS’ daily practices, FSIS’ digital identity, and FSIS’languages on SM. The findings show that FSIS is active on SM, having accounts on different SM platforms. They communicate with people from Saudi Arabia and of different nationalities. Also, the findings assert that FSIS has a strong digital identity on SM. Moreover, the findings emphasized that using SM helps some of the FSIS to improve their English language proficiency. They use SM as a learning tool for English language acquisition. The limitations and the implications of the study are stated in the Conclusion. For further research, suggestions are made to investigate more phenomena regarding Saudis’ using of SM.
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Remine, Maria D., and P. Margaret Brown. "Comparison of the Prevalence of Mental Health Problems in Deaf and Hearing Children and Adolescents in Australia." Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 44, no. 4 (April 2010): 351–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/00048670903489866.
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Objective: The aims of the present study were to (i) identify the prevalence rate and nature of mental health problems in a group of Australian deaf children and adolescents and compare these to those reported for the Australian hearing population; and (ii) identify specific demographic characteristics that may typify deaf children and adolescents with mental health problems. Method: Sixty-six parents of deaf children and adolescents aged 6–18 years, their teachers and 38 adolescents participated in the study. Data related to mental health problems were collected using the Child Behaviour Checklist and Youth Self-Report. Data related to demographic characteristics were obtained via parent and teacher surveys. Results: The overall prevalence rate of mental health problems reported by parents and adolescents in the present study is comparable to that of the Australian hearing population. Parents in the present study, however, reported significantly more concerns on the social problem and thought problem scales than did Australian parents of hearing children and adolescents. There were also significant differences between the prevalence and nature of mental health problems as reported by the deaf adolescents in the present study when compared to deaf adolescents in another Australian study. These differences appear to be explained by differences in the preferred communication mode of the participants in the two studies. Conclusions: The known heterogeneity within the Australian deaf child and adolescent population with respect to preferred mode of communication has important implications not only for the appropriate selection and use of psychiatric instruments in assessing child and adolescent mental health but also for the accurate reporting of the prevalence and nature of mental health problems within this population.