Journal articles: 'Communication campaigns'

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Enli, Gunn. "Twitter as arena for the authentic outsider: exploring the social media campaigns of Trump and Clinton in the 2016 US presidential election." European Journal of Communication 32, no. 1 (February 2017): 50–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0267323116682802.

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In the 2016 US presidential election campaign, social media platforms were increasingly used as direct sources of news, bypassing the editorial media. With the candidates’ millions of followers, Twitter has become a platform for mass communication and the candidate’s main online information channel. Likewise, social media has provided a platform for debating and critiquing the mainstream media by the campaigns and their networks. This article discusses the Twitter strategies of the democratic candidate Hillary Clinton and republican candidate Donald Trump during their US 2016 presidential election campaigns. While the Clinton campaign’s strategy confirms theories regarding the professionalisation of election campaigns, the Trump campaign’s more amateurish yet authentic style in social media points towards de-professionalisation and even amateurism as a counter-trend in political communication.

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Almlund, Pernille, Nina Blom Andersen, Bente Halkier, and Kim Christian Schrøder. "Public communication campaigns as mundane category." MedieKultur: Journal of media and communication research 36, no. 68 (October 1, 2020): 066–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/mediekultur.v36i68.118071.

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This article examines the public connection and understanding of public communication campaigns. Public communication campaigns are widespread, but the audience dimension of the campaign category itself is still a blind spot in research. Drawing on focus group interviews and a survey among Danish citizens, the article shows that public campaigns are recognized as a mundane communicative category. Moreover, drawing on theories of public connection and governmentality, we show how citizens receive and resist, accept and negotiate public campaigns.

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Adamos, G., E. G. Nathanail, and P. Kapetanopoulou. "Do Road Safety Communication Campaigns Work?" Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2364, no. 1 (January 2013): 62–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/2364-08.

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Road safety communication campaigns are considered an efficient strategy for reaching a wide audience. They aim at reducing the number and severity of road crashes by influencing road user behavior. Despite the large number of campaigns that have been designed and implemented in recent years, few have been formally evaluated. This paper presents the evaluation design and the implementation of a national road safety communication campaign on the effects of fatigue on driving behavior. The campaign targeted primarily professional drivers and, secondarily, all other drivers The definition of the objectives of the campaign was addressed through the health belief model. Objectives included increasing awareness of the severity of driving while fatigued and of effective countermeasures. The measurement variables of the evaluation design, also addressed by the health belief model, were knowledge, behavioral beliefs, risk comprehension, behavioral intentions, past behavior, and self-reported behavior. The evaluation was based on a nonexperimental design. The use of control groups was not feasible, since the whole population was exposed to the campaign and data were collected by means of a face-to-face questionnaire survey conducted before, during, and after campaign implementation. Process and outcome evaluations were conducted to assess the impact of the campaign on driving behavior. Results indicated that the audience was reached at a mean rate of 13%, and the distribution of campaign leaflets was the most effective media channel (70%). In addition, a statistically significant increase in the proportion of respondents who were aware of the causes and effects of fatigue while driving was observed. Similar results were indicated in testing behavioral beliefs, risk comprehension, behavioral intentions, and past behavior. The main message of the campaign reached both the primary and the secondary target groups, and its success can be seen by the increase in the percentage of professional drivers and all other drivers who self-reported that they stop and rest for 15 min in the “during” and “after” phases, as compared with the “before” phase.

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Adamos, Giannis, Eftihia Nathanail, and Paraskevi Kapetanopoulou. "Does the Theme of a Road Safety Communication Campaign Affect its Success?" Transport and Telecommunication Journal 13, no. 4 (December 1, 2012): 294–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10244-012-0025-5.

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Road safety communication campaigns are considered as an efficient strategy to approach the wide audience and influence road users towards a safe behavior, with main aim to lead to the reduction of the number and the severity of road accidents. When designing the implementation of a campaign, it is important to plan at the same time its evaluation, so that to enable the assessment of its effectiveness. For the achievement of high reliability and the development of “clear” conclusions, the campaign evaluation should be carefully organized, following a feasible scientific design. Towards this direction, three road safety campaigns, two local campaigns addressing drink driving and seat belt usage, and one national campaign addressing driving fatigue, were implemented and evaluated. Presenting the design components of the three campaigns and the evaluation results, this paper aims at revealing the similarities and differences of the effectiveness of road safety communication campaigns on driving behavior.

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BOZKANAT, Esra. "TYPES OF CAMPAIGNS IN EVIDENCE-BASED HEALTH COMMUNICATION." TURKISH ONLINE JOURNAL OF DESIGN ART AND COMMUNICATION 11, no. 1 (January 1, 2021): 103–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.7456/11001100/006.

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Health communication is a field of study that has been included in the communication world since the 1970s. Health communication has a field of application carried out by individuals and media-mediated communication in health service delivery and health promotion. Health communication is an applied field of study because it examines both the pragmatic effects of human communication on the provision of healthcare and public health promotion and studies in this area are often used to improve the quality of healthcare delivery. Health communication campaigns are prepared to reveal desired health behaviors in society and to prevent risky health behaviors. However, whether these campaigns achieve their goals is an issue that is rarely discussed. Health communication and its applications at the mass communication level are realized through health communication campaigns. The success of a health communication campaign is measured by comparing the current situation before and after the campaign. This brings us to the concept of evidence-based health communication. This study describes the design stages of evidence-based health communication, which is an effective phenomenon in measuring campaign success. The similarities and differences among non- experimental, quasi-experimental and experimental designs were revealed in the study. The aim of the study is to explain the campaign design stages of evidence-based health communication and provide a guide to the pre-campaign preparation process for practitioners. Thus, practitioners will be able to choose the most suitable design for their target audience and avoid application mistakes.

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BOZKANAT, Esra. "TYPES OF CAMPAIGNS IN EVIDENCE-BASED HEALTH COMMUNICATION." TURKISH ONLINE JOURNAL OF DESIGN ART AND COMMUNICATION 11, no. 1 (January 1, 2021): 103–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.7456/11101100/006.

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Health communication is a field of study that has been included in the communication world since the 1970s. Health communication has a field of application carried out by individuals and media-mediated communication in health service delivery and health promotion. Health communication is an applied field of study because it examines both the pragmatic effects of human communication on the provision of healthcare and public health promotion and studies in this area are often used to improve the quality of healthcare delivery. Health communication campaigns are prepared to reveal desired health behaviors in society and to prevent risky health behaviors. However, whether these campaigns achieve their goals is an issue that is rarely discussed. Health communication and its applications at the mass communication level are realized through health communication campaigns. The success of a health communication campaign is measured by comparing the current situation before and after the campaign. This brings us to the concept of evidence-based health communication. This study describes the design stages of evidence-based health communication, which is an effective phenomenon in measuring campaign success. The similarities and differences among non- experimental, quasi-experimental and experimental designs were revealed in the study. The aim of the study is to explain the campaign design stages of evidence-based health communication and provide a guide to the pre-campaign preparation process for practitioners. Thus, practitioners will be able to choose the most suitable design for their target audience and avoid application mistakes.

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BOZKANAT, Esra. "TYPES OF CAMPAIGNS IN EVIDENCE-BASED HEALTH COMMUNICATION." TURKISH ONLINE JOURNAL OF DESIGN ART AND COMMUNICATION 11, no. 1 (January 1, 2021): 103–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.7456/11101100/006.

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Health communication is a field of study that has been included in the communication world since the 1970s. Health communication has a field of application carried out by individuals and media-mediated communication in health service delivery and health promotion. Health communication is an applied field of study because it examines both the pragmatic effects of human communication on the provision of healthcare and public health promotion and studies in this area are often used to improve the quality of healthcare delivery. Health communication campaigns are prepared to reveal desired health behaviors in society and to prevent risky health behaviors. However, whether these campaigns achieve their goals is an issue that is rarely discussed. Health communication and its applications at the mass communication level are realized through health communication campaigns. The success of a health communication campaign is measured by comparing the current situation before and after the campaign. This brings us to the concept of evidence-based health communication. This study describes the design stages of evidence-based health communication, which is an effective phenomenon in measuring campaign success. The similarities and differences among non- experimental, quasi-experimental and experimental designs were revealed in the study. The aim of the study is to explain the campaign design stages of evidence-based health communication and provide a guide to the pre-campaign preparation process for practitioners. Thus, practitioners will be able to choose the most suitable design for their target audience and avoid application mistakes.

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Kammer, Adrian, Sebastian Niessen, Lukas Schmid, and Norina Schwendener. "Finding One’s Way on the Roads to Social Change." Social Marketing Quarterly 22, no. 2 (March 23, 2016): 89–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1524500416641385.

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Many theories and models attempt to explain the mechanisms underlying human behavior. In order to maintain an overview of the many aspects involved in communication campaigns, social marketing, and behavior change, the Swiss Federal Office for Public Health has created a metamodel of the impact of its campaigns. This metamodel does not claim to contribute any new findings to behavioral research. Its purpose is primarily to summarize the current state of research in the field in a comprehensive and comprehensible way, with reference to a range of relevant communications, social marketing, and behavior change theories. Dimensions addressed include strategy, processes, and impact, with the final dimension demonstrating the possible ranges of impact from individual to societal and from information to behavior. Social marketers and campaign planners may find this model useful as a planning and evaluation tool for campaigns, programs, or interventions that seek to increase awareness or change behavior. Its focus lies on communication campaigns, while also indicating the limits of campaign efficacy. It makes it clear that campaigns are most effective at the early stages of the behavioral change process, such as capturing attention, while other interventions are more effective at later stages.

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Jensen, Michael J. "Social Media and Political Campaigning." International Journal of Press/Politics 22, no. 1 (October 22, 2016): 23–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1940161216673196.

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This paper develops a way for analyzing the structure of campaign communications within Twitter. The structure of communication affordances creates opportunities for a horizontal organization power within Twitter interactions. However, one cannot infer the structure of interactions as they materialize from the formal properties of the technical environment in which the communications occur. Consequently, the paper identifies three categories of empowering communication operations that can occur on Twitter: Campaigns can respond to others, campaigns can retweet others, and campaigns can call for others to become involved in the campaign on their own terms. The paper operationalizes these categories in the context of the 2015 U.K. general election. To determine whether Twitter is used to empower laypersons, the profiles of each account retweeted and replied to were retrieved and analyzed using natural language processing to identify whether an account is from a political figure, member of the media, or some other public figure. In addition, tweets and retweets are compared with respect to the manner key election issues are discussed. The findings indicate that empowering uses of Twitter are fairly marginal, and retweets use almost identical policy language as the original campaign tweets.

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Coldevin, Gary. "Communication Campaigns in Lesotho." Educational Media International 27, no. 4 (December 1990): 232–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0952398900270410.

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DRUCKMAN, JAMES N., MARTIN J. KIFER, and MICHAEL PARKIN. "Campaign Communications in U.S. Congressional Elections." American Political Science Review 103, no. 3 (August 2009): 343–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003055409990037.

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Electoral campaigns are the foundation of democratic governance; yet scholarship on the content of campaign communications remains underdeveloped. In this paper, we advance research on U.S. congressional campaigns by integrating and extending extant theories of campaign communication. We test the resulting predictions with a novel dataset based on candidate Web sites over three election cycles. Unlike television advertisements or newspaper coverage, Web sites provide an unmediated, holistic, and representative portrait of campaigns. We find that incumbents and challengers differ across a broad range of behavior that reflects varying attitudes toward risk, that incumbents’ strategies depend on the competitiveness of the race, and that candidates link negative campaigning to other aspects of their rhetorical strategies. Our efforts provide researchers with a basis for moving toward a more complete understanding of congressional campaigns.

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Klotz, Robert John. "Deleveraging Creative Capital." International Journal of E-Politics 10, no. 1 (January 2019): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijep.2019010101.

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The purpose of this research is to improve understanding of how democratized video technology is changing the market for video communication during political campaigns. The same content analysis methodology was applied to United States senate campaign YouTube videos during both the 2006 election when YouTube first made its mark on politics and the 2016 election a decade later. The evidence does not support the theory that democratized video technology will produce new winners communicating in new ways about political campaigns. The 2016 election was marked by a slight increase in the proportion of repurposed television ads compared to the 2006 election. Over the course of its first decade, the market for political campaign communication on YouTube has increasingly struggled to attract investors of creative capital.

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Sheafer, Tamir. "Detecting Campaign Effects in Imbalanced Campaigns." Harvard International Journal of Press/Politics 10, no. 2 (April 2005): 85–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1081180x05276016.

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Kabalega, M. "Breaking Funding Barriers to Cancer Prevention Communication." Journal of Global Oncology 4, Supplement 2 (October 1, 2018): 137s. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jgo.18.42600.

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Background and context: The Cancer Communiqué was founded in May 2017 and adopted a Strategic Plan 2017-2022 which defined an effective communications strategy to guide much needed cancer prevention communication in Uganda. The immediate challenge identified in commencing the identified communication activities was funding. The leadership team deliberated and agreed to use social media as a cost effective and impactful initial means of reaching out to the public. Aim: To identify and implement unique cancer prevention communication campaigns that drive strong early detection messages utilizing social media as a primary platform. Strategy/Tactics: The communications strategy adopted the following tactics to support an effective approach to reaching the targeted audiences: building strong external partnerships with private entities to provide support for the social media campaigns through mobilizing staff participation in the campaigns to generate a viral atmosphere and also to magnify the impact of the campaigns by utilizing their social media platforms to spread the key messages. Another tactic was building partnerships with private health care service providers to enable provision of free or highly subsidized screening camps. Utilization of mainstream media primarily radio was used in the form of radio interviews and talk shows to generate awareness about the social media campaigns. Leveraging existing cancer awareness platforms and localizing them to suit local market appeal was also key with campaigns such as #PinkOctoberUG, #MovemberUG and #SmearForSmearUG used. Finally, leveraging existing experiential events like sports tournaments to drive key messages. All the above tactics were implemented simultaneously on various platforms such as WhatsApp, Facebook, Instagram and Twitter. Program/Policy process: The process included the following steps: ideation of the social media activity and its mechanics including clearly ascertaining relevant target audiences and platforms to be used; identification of budget and key campaign resources required; engagement of potential partners to facilitate execution of the campaigns and finally execution of the campaigns. Outcomes: The outcome was a successful set of social media campaigns that were implemented from September 2017 to January 2018. The campaigns were unique as they communicated cancer prevention messages in ways that spoke to the target audiences and stood out from the information clutter as well as enabling people to participate in fun ways like wearing themed colors as well as lipstick smudges, all in support of spreading awareness about different types of cancer within key cancer awareness months. What was learned: This strategy highlighted the fact that even without sufficient funding, social media is an affordable and powerful platform that can be used to effectively spread cancer awareness messages. Something can be done without funding and much more can be done with sufficient funding.

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Smith, Melissa. "Campaign Finance Reform Leads to Fragmented Campaigns, Not Party Strength." Review of Communication 9, no. 3 (July 2009): 239–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15358590902839584.

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McGRATH, JOHN C. "Evaluating National Health Communication Campaigns." American Behavioral Scientist 34, no. 6 (July 1991): 652–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0002764291034006004.

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Wheeler, Penny. "Book Review: Public Communication Campaigns." Media International Australia 146, no. 1 (February 2013): 174–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1329878x1314600141.

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Kiwanuka‐Tondo, James, Kelly Fudge Albada, Richard D. Waters, Jessica Katz Jameson, and Mark Hamilton. "AIDS communication campaigns in Uganda." Journal of Communication Management 17, no. 1 (February 8, 2013): 5–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/13632541311300124.

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Gersbach, Hans. "Campaigns, political mobility, and communication." Public Choice 161, no. 1-2 (December 3, 2013): 31–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11127-013-0125-3.

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Benoit, William L., Kevin A. Stein, and Glenn J. Hansen. "New York Times Coverage of Presidential Campaigns." Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly 82, no. 2 (June 2005): 356–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/107769900508200208.

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This study investigates New York Times coverage of the Democratic and Republican general presidential campaigns from 1952–2000. Content analysis reveals that the most common topic of campaign coverage was horse race. Discussion of the candidates' character was more common than discussion of their policy positions (even though candidates discuss policy more than character in campaign messages). The statements in these stories were more often negative than positive (despite the fact that candidates' messages are more positive than negative). Reporters are the most common sources for the statements in these articles, followed by candidates, supporters, and others.

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Torloni, Maria Regina, Vanessa Brizuela, and Ana Pilar Betran. "Mass media campaigns to reduce unnecessary caesarean sections: a systematic review." BMJ Global Health 5, no. 2 (February 2020): e001935. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2019-001935.

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IntroductionThe worldwide increase in unnecessary caesarean sections (CSs) is a major global health issue. Mass media campaigns have been used in several countries to reduce this trend. The objectives of this systematic review were to identify, critically appraise and synthesise the findings, including the barriers and enablers, of mass media campaigns directed at lay people to reduce unnecessary CS.MethodsWe included any study design that reported health communication mass media campaigns directed at lay people with the specific objective of reducing unnecessary CS, created by any agent, in any format. We searched seven electronic databases without language restrictions, from inception to February 2019. Experts in the field were contacted.ResultsThe search yielded 14 320 citations; 50 were selected for full-text reading; and one was included. Six other reports were included. The seven campaigns were conducted in 2009–2017, mostly in Latin America. Most campaigns were independent efforts by non-governmental or activist organisations. Only one campaign conducted formative research and pretested the intervention. All campaigns used indirect communication, mostly through internet channels; two campaigns also used direct communication with the public. None assessed their effects on CS rates. Only two campaigns measured their impacts on participants’ knowledge, attitudes and birth preferences but only in the short term. The main barriers were lack of financial and human resources. The main enablers were the enthusiasm of volunteers, the participation of famous persons/celebrities and the involvement of communication professionals.ConclusionsThere are few mass media campaigns directed at lay people to reduce CS. Most campaigns did not use key principles recommended for the creation and implementation of health communication interventions, and none assessed their effects in reducing CS rates. If media campaigns can play a role in modifying population views towards CS, there is a need for more rigorous studies including impact assessment.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42019120314.

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McAlister, Alfred, Wayne Johnson, Carolyn Guenther-Grey, Martin Fishbein, Donna Higgins, and Kevin O'Reilly. "Behavioral Journalism for HIV Prevention: Community Newsletters Influence Risk-Related Attitudes and Behavior." Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly 77, no. 1 (March 2000): 143–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/107769900007700111.

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Research teams in five cities used behavioral journalism to promote condom use and injection hygiene (use of bleach to clean shared injection equipment) among subpopulations at risk for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. For three years, HIV-prevention campaigns were conducted in which newsletters containing stories about peer models were distributed in selected communities. We report exposure to the campaigns across time, the cognitive and behavioral effects of increasing degrees of exposure, and the degree to which other sources of HIV information reached these communities. After one year, campaigns reached approximately 40 percent to 80 percent of the intended audiences. The reported number of campaign exposures was associated with theoretical cognitive determinants of behavior change and with risk-reduction behavior in communities that were not being effectively reached by other HIV prevention messages.

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Leitch, Shirley, and Juliet Roper. "AD Wars: Adversarial Advertising by Interest Groups in a New Zealand General Election." Media International Australia 92, no. 1 (August 1999): 103–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1329878x9909200112.

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During New Zealand's 1996 general election, neo-liberal employment law became the subject of two opposing advertising campaigns. Although the campaigns confined themselves to a single piece of legislation, the Employment Contracts Act, they reflected a deep division within New Zealand society. This article examines the two campaigns which were run by the Engineers' Union and the Employers' Federation. At its core, the Engineers' campaign was a defence of collectivism both in terms of the values underlying trade unionism and, more broadly, of Keynesian social democracy, whereas the Employers' Federation campaign championed the ethic of individualism within a free-market economy. Such a clear ideological positioning was absent from the campaigns of the major political parties who fought for the middle ground during New Zealand's first proportional representation election. This article, then, examines how interest groups used network television to confront voters with a stark choice between an unasked-for neo-liberal present and an apparently discredited Keynesian past.

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Vyas, Amita N., Nitasha Nagaraj, Jordan Genovese, Gayatri Malhotra, Nidhi Dubey, Richa Hingorani, and Lauren Manning. "The Girl Rising ‘We Dream, We Rise’ Social Media Campaign in India: Reach, Engagement and Impact." Journal of Creative Communications 15, no. 1 (March 2020): 106–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0973258619878354.

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Girl Rising, a global campaign, uses the power of storytelling to build a movement for adolescent girls by inspiring people to change the way girls are valued, and sparking social action. We Dream, We Rise, is a social media campaign that was launched to call attention to age-old gender stereotypes that have gone unquestioned for generations and to inspire adults across the country to ‘dream as big for their girls as they do for their boys’. A descriptive evaluation of the campaign was conducted to measure its reach, saliency, and lessons learned. The campaign evaluation focused primarily on reach, engagement, perceptions of the campaign messaging, and intention to take social action. The campaign reached 25 million people, received more than 600,000 views, and engaged with more than 200,000 people, which yielded a more than 2% engagement rate compared to the industry average of 1%. While extracting meaningful information from social media campaigns can pose to be challenging, there is a need to move beyond just measures of reach. Measurement on quality, saliency, and outcomes are critical to ensuring that future campaigns are successful and yield the desired rigor, quality, and investments needed to facilitate change.

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Donné, Lennie, Carel Jansen, and John Hoeks. "Uncovering Factors Influencing Interpersonal Health Communication." Global Qualitative Nursing Research 4 (January 1, 2017): 233339361771160. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2333393617711607.

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Talking to friends, family, or peers about health issues might, among other things, increase knowledge of social norms and feelings of self-efficacy in adopting a healthier lifestyle. We often see interpersonal health communication as an important mediating factor in the effects of health campaigns on health behavior. No research has been done so far, however, on factors that influence whether and how people talk about health issues without being exposed to a health campaign first. In this exploratory study, we interviewed 12 participants about their communication behavior concerning six different health themes, like smoking and exercising. The results suggest that at least four types of interpersonal health communication can be distinguished, each influenced by different factors, like conversational partner and objective of the conversation. Future research should take this diversity of interpersonal health communication into account, and focus on designing health campaigns that aim to trigger dialogue within target populations.

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Acosta, Joie, Rajeev Ramchand, and Amariah Becker. "Best Practices for Suicide Prevention Messaging and Evaluating California's "Know the Signs" Media Campaign." Crisis 38, no. 5 (September 2017): 287–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/0227-5910/a000446.

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Abstract. Background: Although communication is a key component of US strategies to prevent suicide and there are a number of marketing campaigns promoting messages that suicide is a preventable public health problem, there has been little evaluation of these campaigns. Aims: The study describes the development of a checklist of best practices for suicide prevention communication campaigns and the use of the checklist to evaluate California's investment in "Know the Signs" (KTS-M), a suicide prevention mass media campaign. Method: We conducted a literature review and solicited expert feedback to identify best practices and then used the RAND/UCLA appropriateness method to assess whether KTS-M was consistent with the identified best practices. Results: Overall, experts agreed that KTS-M adhered to most of the 46 checklist items and suggested that the campaign was among the best suicide prevention media campaigns they had observed. Limitations: The checklist was developed through expert input and literature review and focuses only on media campaigns. Conclusion: Given the nascent state of the evidence about what makes an effective suicide prevention message and the growing number of campaigns, the checklist of best practices reflects one way of promoting quality in this evolving field. The consistency between the experts' comments and their ratings of KTS-M suggests that the checklist may provide important guidance to inform the development of future campaigns and the evaluation of ongoing campaigns.

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Davies, Sarah R. "University communications as auto-communication: the NTNU ‘Challenge Everything’ campaign." Journal of Communication Management 24, no. 3 (March 19, 2020): 227–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jcom-08-2019-0120.

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PurposeThis article offers an in-depth exploration of university communications practice by describing and analysing a publicity and recruitment campaign, called ‘Challenge Everything’, carried out by the Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU) in 2018. By providing insight into internal sense-making around the campaign it contributes to literatures in science communication and communication management.Design/methodology/approachThis qualitative research uses semi-structured interviews and informal organisational ethnography, mobilising concepts of sense-making and auto-communication to guide analysis. The focus is on how organisation members made sense of the Challenge Everything campaign.FindingsThe analysis focuses on four key themes within organisational sense-making about the campaign: the openness of the campaign meant that it was readily picked up on and personalised by university staff; its meaning was always contextual, shaped by organisation members' roles, interests, and concerns; its controversy seems to primarily derive from questions of representation, and specifically whether organisation members recognised within it their own experiences of university culture; and its development points to the rise of new forms of expertise within university organisation, and the contestation of these.Research limitations/implicationsThe research offers only a partial snapshot of one instance of university communications. However, in demonstrating how public campaigns also operate as auto-communication it has important implications for strategic communication within complex organisations such as universities.Originality/valueThe research has particular value in offering an in-depth qualitative study of university marketing practices and the effects these have within an organisation.

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Bruns, Axel. "Tweeting to save the furniture: the 2013 Australian election campaign on Twitter." Media International Australia 162, no. 1 (September 26, 2016): 49–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1329878x16669001.

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Past years have seen continuing experimentation in the use of social media for political campaigning. By the time of the 2013 Australian federal election, social media of various forms had become comparatively mainstream in Australia and were widely used by members and candidates: more than 350 candidates operated Twitter accounts during the campaign, for instance. This article explores the key patterns both in how politicians and their parties campaigned on Twitter during the 2013 federal election campaign and in how the public responded to and engaged with these campaigns. It documents significant, systematic differences between the major party blocs and interprets these as reflecting the Coalition’s ‘small target’ strategy and Labor’s last-ditch attempts to ‘save the furniture’, respectively.

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Mwita, James. "Fake News and Propaganda in Political Communication: Effects and Remedies." East African Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies 2, no. 1 (December 1, 2020): 149–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.37284/eajis.2.1.244.

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Fake news has dominated the media debate the world over in recent times. Fake news is used in political discourses to portray the opponent as inefficient, alienated, outsider etc. Kenya had her election on August 8, 2017, during which time the campaigns were somehow dominated by fake news and propaganda. The Kenyan campaigns were highly polarized and fake news and propaganda were rive in the media; both new and traditional media. In the past elections in Kenya, months leading to elections since the 1980s have been highly charged leading to actual harm; in most cases ethnically and gender inclined. This was highly evident as political parties prepared to nominate the respective flag-bearers for different political positions and subsequent campaigns. As opposed to the campaigns of the 80s and 90s, the situation in the 2000s has been different due to proliferation of media outlets in an environment that is almost lacking in Media and Information Literacy (MIL) programs. This study aimed at analyzing the use of fake news and propaganda in political campaigns leading to August 8 elections in Kenya. We also sought to elucidate the effects of fake news in the Kenyan political landscape. This was done by collecting, viewing and analyzing fake news and propaganda in political campaign discourses leading to the August 8 general elections. Thereafter the paper recommended Media and Information Literacy as a remedy to combat fake news and negative propaganda and arrest their effects.

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Bisilki, Isaac. "Feedback Mechanisms of HIV/Aids Campaigns in Ghana’s Prisons." Journal of Social Science Studies 6, no. 1 (October 6, 2018): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/jsss.v6i1.13249.

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Why do some behavioural change campaigns succeed while others fail? What mechanisms are employed in campaign channels/strategies that succeed? Feedback, for example, helps in tracking the progress of ongoing campaigns for informed adjustments in strategies for better communication impact. This study explores the mechanisms for feedback in the Planned Parenthood Association of Ghana’s (PPAG) HIV/AIDS campaigns in Ghana’s Prisons. Using semi-structured interviews, the study presents an assessment of the status of these mechanisms in PPAG’s campaigns in Ghana’s prisons with specific recommendations for improvement.

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Selnes, Florence Namasinga, and Kristin Skare Orgeret. "Activism as political action in Uganda: The role of social media." Journal of African Media Studies 12, no. 3 (September 1, 2020): 283–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/jams_00025_1.

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The article discusses political activism in Uganda and the role of social media. It focuses on two specific cases, the 2011 ‘Walk-to-Work’ and the 2017 ‘Pads4Girls’ campaigns in order to contribute to better understanding of the ever-evolving dynamic between political activism and the media in such campaigns. A disputed presidential election in 2011 in Uganda prompted opposition politicians to call nationwide protests. The architects of the protests hoped this would eventually lead to the downfall of Museveni’s newly elected government. The ‘Pads4Girls’ campaign on the other hand, was spearheaded by a female academic activist and provoked unprecedented response from politicians across the political divide, activists and unaffiliated individuals who added weight to the campaign. The article’s discussions feed into a broader conversation on the interaction of media and politics in semi-democratic contexts such as Uganda, where attempts to curtail media freedom and freedom of expression are frequent.

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Liberatore, Florian, Sarah Schmelzer, and Alfred Angerer. "The Relevance of Citizen Co-Creation for the Effectiveness of Public Health Campaigns: Results from the Evaluation of a HIV Prevention Campaign in Switzerland." Zeitschrift für öffentliche und gemeinwirtschaftliche Unternehmen 42, no. 1-2 (2019): 34–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.5771/0344-9777-2019-1-2-34.

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While decreasing public health budgets force campaign managers to spend money more wisely, many public health campaigns still use traditional communication channels and neglect the great potential of citizen co-creation, the active involvement of the target group. This article provides an overview of the issue of citizen co-creation in the context of public health campaigns and presents a case study of an HIV campaign in Switzerland as an example of applied citizen co-creation. The incremental effect of word of mouth on campaign effectiveness and efficiency is examined, showing how citizen co-creation can be quantified in the context of evaluating a campaign. Finally, the article suggests practical implications for the design and evaluation of future public health campaigns involving citizen co-creation.

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S. Sipho, Makgopa. "Planning of marketing communication strategies by car dealerships." Problems and Perspectives in Management 14, no. 4 (December 23, 2016): 212–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/ppm.14(4-1).2016.10.

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Effective marketing communication strategies and campaigns are of much importance in many organizations in informing, reminding and persuading current and potential customers to support the organization by buying organizations product offerings. Organizations in planning of marketing communication strategies and campaigns, organizations in theory need to conduct micro-environmental analysis determining organizations’ strengths and weakness. The purpose of this paper was to investigate the planning of marketing communication strategies and campaigns of car dealerships in practice with more emphasis on micro-environmental factors of consideration. In achieving the purpose of this paper, a qualitative research approach using semi-structured in-depth interviews with marketing personnel of different car dealerships in Gauteng Province, South Africa was followed. In this paper a qualitative content analysis was used to analyze primary data using Atlas ti version 7 computer software. The results revealed that there are key micro-environmental factors of consideration during the planning of marketing communication strategies and campaigns. Based on the results of this paper, the author provided recommendations to stakeholders in the motor vehicle industry, specifically, car dealerships and future research directions. Keywords: marketing communications, marketing communication objectives, marketing communication strategy, mediatypes, micro-environment. JEL Classification: M31

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Sood, Suruchi, Corrinne Shefner-Rogers, and Joanna Skinner. "Health Communication Campaigns in Developing Countries." Journal of Creative Communications 9, no. 1 (March 2014): 67–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0973258613517440.

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Noar, Seth M., Philip Palmgreen, and Rick S. Zimmerman. "Reflections on Evaluating Health Communication Campaigns." Communication Methods and Measures 3, no. 1-2 (April 16, 2009): 105–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19312450902809730.

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Gupta, Deepak, Badrul Hassan, Anusha Agarwal, and Avni Bhasin. "Immunization Campaigns: Mitigating Barriers - Designing Communication." Interações: Sociedade e as novas modernidades, no. 36 (June 30, 2019): 158–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.31211/interacoes.n36.2019.e2.

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This paper revisits varied conceptual frameworks of the strategic communication, especially applicable on vaccination challenges that the immunization programmes are confronted with world over and how critical it is to ensure addressing the ‘last mile’ gaps in attaining cent percent vaccination coverage. It is based on consolidated reflections gathered together through varied field experiences and study of programme approaches. It assumes further significance as ensuring social-inclusion of vulnerable, hard-to-reach and poor populace is the key to using strategic communication as a marketing communication approach in bringing about positive behaviour change in the communities. Across the world, the public health programmes have been struggling for many decades in reaching out to communities and delivering the vaccination programmes. Despite the efforts invested in by the respective governments on supply aspects of vaccinations, social scientists continue to face challenges with the demand generation dimensions of the immunization programmes. Therefore, a significant emphasis on the ‘health seeking behavior’ aspects in individuals and their respective communities play a significant role in achieving cent percent immunization coverage. The current paper propounds a model called Vaccination Communication Model, i.e. ‘VCM’ which provides a modular approach in facilitating design of its immunization communication strategy.

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Pfau, Michael, Jaeho Cho, and Kirsten Chong. "Communication Forms in U.S. Presidential Campaigns." Harvard International Journal of Press/Politics 6, no. 4 (September 2001): 88–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/108118001129172350.

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Cho, Hyunyi, and Charles T. Salmon. "Unintended Effects of Health Communication Campaigns." Journal of Communication 57, no. 2 (March 10, 2006): 293–317. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2466.2007.00344.x.

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Uribe, Rodrigo, Enrique Manzur, and Pedro Hidalgo. "Exemplars' impacts in marketing communication campaigns." Journal of Business Research 66, no. 10 (October 2013): 1787–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2013.01.011.

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Lee, Donghee, and Janice L. Krieger. "Moving from Directives toward Audience Empowerment: A Typology of Recycling Communication Strategies of Local Governments." Sustainability 12, no. 7 (March 30, 2020): 2722. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12072722.

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Recent changes in the global economy make it imperative for U.S. recycling programs to reduce contamination, however, little is known about how local municipalities are responding to this need. The implementation of the Chinese National Sword policy banned most U.S. imported solid waste in 2018, but there has been an increased focus on implementing recycling education campaigns. To date, there has been little empirical attention on how these campaigns are being developed and whether they are effective for increasing recycling and reducing contamination. The goal of the current study is to understand how recycling communication campaigns are being developed and implemented at the municipal level. To accomplish this, we conducted in depth-interviews with recycling coordinators, representing 30 counties within a large and diverse state to identifying the current message development and distribution strategies. Counties were selected to ensure the balanced representation of geographical (urban/rural) and recycling participation (low/middle/high). Findings illustrate six distinct types of recycling communication patterns employed in municipal solid waste county governments. We compare and contrast the benefits and challenges associated with communicating about recycling. The implications of these findings for developing a communication training to advance current campaign efforts in the local context are discussed.

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Mattes, Kyle, and David P. Redlawsk. "Voluntary Exposure to Political Fact Checks." Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly 97, no. 4 (July 17, 2020): 913–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1077699020923603.

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For political fact-checking enterprises to be effective, two conditions must be met. Voters must be interested in fact-checks, and the fact-checks must encourage voters to reevaluate their beliefs. Here, we study the former: whether voters are interested in reading fact-checks of political candidates’ statements. We use a simulated campaign environment in which participants’ exposure to fact-checks are voluntary. We find that voters are interested in fact-checking, especially for negative campaigns and personal (versus issue) campaigns. We also find that topics salient to voters are most often fact-checked. Finally, we provide evidence for the operation of a motivated reasoning process, as statements made by less preferred candidates were more deeply scrutinized.

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PEI, RUI, ELISSA C. KRANZLER, AHNA BALLONOFF SULEIMAN, and EMILY B. FALK. "Promoting adolescent health: insights from developmental and communication neuroscience." Behavioural Public Policy 3, no. 1 (August 30, 2018): 47–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/bpp.2018.30.

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AbstractAdolescence is a period of remarkable psychosocial and neural development. Many life-long health habits are established during adolescence, making it a window of opportunity for health promotion. One way to promote adolescent health is through mass and social media campaigns. Although some health media campaigns that target adolescents are effective in changing health-relevant cognitions and behaviors, there is considerable room for improving these outcomes. Recent advancements combining neuroimaging tools and health persuasion have suggested key neural mechanisms underlying behavior change and retransmission of health-relevant ideas and norms in adults. This line of work highlights the integral role of the brain's value system in health persuasion and its importance for improving campaign design and effectiveness. Less is known about how these insights could be leveraged to inform adolescent health persuasion. In this article, we review what is known and unknown about the development of the brain's value system and its connections with cognitive control and social cognition systems across adolescence. Combining these insights, we propose that neuroimaging tools offer unique possibilities that could improve adolescent media health campaigns and promote adolescent well-being.

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Benoit, William L., Glenn J. Hansen, and R. Lance Holbert. "Presidential Campaigns and Democracy." Mass Communication and Society 7, no. 2 (May 2004): 177–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1207/s15327825mcs0702_3.

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Wicks, Robert H., and Boubacar Souley. "Going Negative: Candidate Usage of Internet Web Sites during the 2000 Presidential Campaign." Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly 80, no. 1 (March 2003): 128–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/107769900308000109.

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This study examines the news releases that were posted on the official campaign Web sites of George W. Bush and Al Gore during the 2000 presidential campaign. Analysis of each of the 487 news releases posted during the campaign season reveals that nearly three-quarters of these contained an attack on the opponent. This parallels data on the incidence of attacks appearing in televised political advertising during the 2000 campaign. The study provides support for the Political Competition Model, which posits that close races produce significant negativity. Furthermore, the study offers insights on how presidential political campaigns may use campaign Web sites in the future.

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Gleeson, Jessamy. "‘(Not) working 9–5’: the consequences of contemporary Australian-based online feminist campaigns as digital labour." Media International Australia 161, no. 1 (September 26, 2016): 77–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1329878x16664999.

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Social media–based platforms such as Facebook and Twitter are increasingly being used by feminists across the globe as a way to capture and harness wider audiences and draw their attention to individual campaigns and social issues. However, the moderators who work behind the scenes on these feminist campaigns are largely unrecognised for their work. This article frames the work of these activists as a form of digital labour – and one that carries series of consequences for the movement in relation to activist burnout. In this article, I draw on data gathered from interviews undertaken with representatives from three Australian-based contemporary feminist campaigns in order to demonstrate that feminist campaigners within contemporary online feminist campaigns undertake a form of digital labour and examine the effects of this labour for activists involved in these groups.

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Elmelund-Præstekær, Christian, and Helle Mølgaard-Svensson. "Negative and Personalized Campaign Rhetoric: Party Communication and Media Coverage of Danish Parliamentary Elections 1994–2011." World Political Science 10, no. 2 (October 1, 2014): 365–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/wpsr-2014-0018.

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AbstractThe Danish 2011 national election campaign was allegedly characterized by the toughest political rhetoric ever in contemporary Danish politics. The political parties and the candidates apparently decided to “go negative” to a greater extent than usually. But was the 2011 campaign rhetoric actually the most negative in modern history? We seek the answer by means of quantitative content analysis of parties’ newspaper ads, party leaders’ letters to the editor and statements in party leader debates. We first compare the 2011 campaign with the five preceding campaigns and conclude that it was indeed the least negative of them all. We then compare the parties’ communication and the media coverage of the campaign to discover that the media strongly – and increasingly – emphasize the parties’ negative campaign messages relative to the positive messages. In sum: Danish parties were not especially prone to engage in negative campaigning in the 2011 election, but the media made the parties look more negative than in earlier campaigns.

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Permatasari, Yunita, and Sophia Bernadette. "Analisis Pesan Persuasif Yang Dibangun Oleh Kementerian Kesehatan Melalui Video Cegah, Lawan, Obati Diabetes Di Youtube." SOSIO DIALEKTIKA 5, no. 2 (December 7, 2020): 40. http://dx.doi.org/10.31942/sd.v5i2.3874.

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Abstract Health messages are important in the field of public health to encourage behavior change. In 2017, through a “Prevent, Treat, Fight Diabetes” Campaign initiated by the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia, the Government uploaded a digital video public service advertisement through a you tube account with the username of the Ministry of Health's P2PTM Directorate. This research was conducted to understand how the Persuasion Technique used by the Ministry of Health in building messages contained in the communication campaign carried out through the video. The main question in this connection is how the persuasion technique used in the health campaign "Prevent, Treat, Fight Diabetes" conducted by the Ministry of Health in persuading message recipients? To find out how the Persuasion Technique of a health campaign persuasion message carried out by the Ministry of Health in the “Prevent, Treat, Fight Diabetes” campaign by the Ministry of Health in persuading message recipients, this study uses the theory of Campaign Communication, Social Campaigns, and Persuasion Techniques with a fear approach. to analyze the elements in a persuasive message from the Ministry of Health. Keywords: Persuasive Communication, Persuasion Techniques, Health Campaigns, Ministry of Health

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Hotsur, Oksana. "SOCIAL NETWORKS AND POLITICAL PR IN UKRAINIAN AND FOREIGN ELECTION CAMPAIGNS." Bulletin of Lviv Polytechnic National University: journalism 1, no. 2 (2021): 53–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/sjs2021.02.053.

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The article analyzes the ways of influence of social networks on the formation and conduct of political PR-campaigns. Examples from the political sphere (election campaigns, initiatives), in particular Ukrainian and other foreign presidential and parliamentary elections, revealed the opportunities that Facebook, Telegram, Twitter, YouTube create in promoting a candidate, leader, ideas and opinions. Author blogs created on social networks can be an additional tool in a PR campaign. Social networks interfere in the sphere of human life, become a means of communication, promotion, branding. The effectiveness of social networks is evidenced by such historically significant events as Brexit, the Arab Spring and the Revolution of Dignity. Particular attention was paid to the Ukrainian presidential elections in 2019 and local elections in 2020. Based on the analysis of individual PR campaigns, the reasons for successful and unsuccessful campaigns in terms of network communications, which provide unlimited multimedia and interactive tools for PR. In fact, these concepts significantly affect the effectiveness of the PR-campaign, its ultimate effectiveness, which is determined by the achievement of goals. Choosing a blog as the main tool of a marketing campaign has both positive and negative sides. Only a person with great creative potential can create a blog. In addition, it takes a long time. In fact, these two points lose compared to other instruments. Further research is interesting in two respects. First, a comparison of the dynamics of the effectiveness of PR-campaign tools in Ukraine in 2020 and in the past, in particular, at the dawn of state independence. Second, explore how and / or the concept of PR campaigns in social networks and blogs is constantly changing.

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Macnamara, Jim, and Gail Kenning. "E-Electioneering 2007–13: Trends in Online Political Campaigns over Three Elections." Media International Australia 152, no. 1 (August 2014): 57–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1329878x1415200107.

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Following the 2004 US presidential election campaign, which was described as ‘a critical turning point’ in use of social media, and particularly the 2008 Obama campaign, there has been increasing focus on use of social media for political campaigning and what is termed e-electioneering and e-democracy. However, studies of election campaigns between 2010 and 2012 in a number of countries have identified what Steve Woolgar (2002) calls cyberbole in relation to social media for political engagement. With substantive patterns of change in political communication yet to be identified, a quantitative and qualitative study of social media use in the 2013 Australian federal election campaign was conducted using the same methodology as studies of the 2007 and 2010 campaigns to gain comparative longitudinal data. This identified trends in the volume of e-electioneering and the ways in which social media are being used for political communication and democratic engagement.

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Bode, Leticia, David S. Lassen, Young Mie Kim, Dhavan V. Shah, Erika Franklin Fowler, Travis Ridout, and Michael Franz. "Coherent campaigns? Campaign broadcast and social messaging." Online Information Review 40, no. 5 (September 12, 2016): 580–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/oir-11-2015-0348.

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Purpose Despite the growing use of social media by politicians, especially during election campaigns, research on the integration of these media into broader campaign communication strategies remains rare. The purpose of this paper is to ask what the consequences of the transition to social media may be, specifically considering how Senate candidates’ use of a popular social network, Twitter, is related to their messaging via broadcast media in the form of campaign advertising, in terms of content and tone. Design/methodology/approach To address this research question, a unique data set combining every tweet (10,303) and every television ad aired (576,933 ad airings) by candidate campaigns for the US Senate during the 2010 campaign is created. Using these data, tweets and ads are analyzed for their references to issues as well as their overall tone. Findings Findings demonstrate that social messaging often resembles broadcast advertising, but that Twitter nonetheless occupies a unique place in modern campaigns in that its tone tends to be quite different than that of advertisements. Research limitations/implications This sheds light on a larger debate about whether online campaigning has produced a fundamental change in election practices or whether new media simply extend “campaigning as usual.” Originality/value This study uses a novel data set, encompassing the complete universe of ads and tweets distributed by candidates for Senate in 2010.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Communication campaigns'

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