Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Communautés sociales'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 dissertations / theses for your research on the topic 'Communautés sociales.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse dissertations / theses on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
Nunes, Maria Odete. "Drogues, valeurs et communautés." Toulouse 2, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001TOU20077.
Full textThe author tried to understand the process of interiorization of value systems, the strategies of stress' coping and the degree of autonomy of a group of drug's' addicts staying in charismatic religious therapeutic communities and another in not religious communities. This research showed the importance of the value systems which, associated with the scale of coping and the autonomy / sociability's inventory gives a more complete image of this population. Value systems seem to be strongly invested by the residents of the charismatic religious therapeutic communities, in coherence with the culture into which these communities fit. The research showed an increase to the residents of the charismatic religious therapeutic communities of more functional strategies of coping, while in the not religious community seems to exist also a decline of the stress, even if there's no significant change in the constellations of used strategies. Concerning the autonomy / sociability the regard which the counsellors put on the resident isn't very different in both communities, even if in the religious group there's a more idealised attitude. One of the important results of the research is connected to the fact that all the value systems put in evidence are positively correlated to the functional strategies of coping (control and social support) and without correlation (or negative correlation) with the no functional strategies (retreat and refusal). It demonstrates the normative character of the auto-evaluation. The author underlines some lines for future researches
Park, Song Yong. "Echanges économiques et relations sociales dans deux communautés villageoises de Corée." Aix-Marseille 1, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990AIX10022.
Full textThe comparative study of the original genuine features of two korean communities will underline the social logics at work in order to explain the ethnographical data concerning their respective economical exchanges and social relationship. In the village of sampyong, the industrialization and urbanization is closely related to social classes differentiatied both from an economical and a social point of view, and to the various marketing strategies put forward in that rural community. The economical exchanges influence the type of social network and sociability. In the village of pilsan, the penetration of industrialization and the expansion of the means of transfort carry out the transformation of the social, and geographical space. Considering that the relation of consanguinity plays an important role in the dayly life of local people, more particulary, for close relatives, for whom economical exchanges may occur without any calculationas regards mariage and funerals. The spacial representation of periodical fairs depend on differend geographical, economical and social items. The mariage sphere of the village residents lies within the sphere of the fair, though we can notice a wider range for females than for males
Cointet, Jean-Philippe. "Dynamiques sociales et sémantiques dans les communautés de savoirs : morphogenèse et diffusion." Phd thesis, AgroParisTech, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00464316.
Full textZamfira, Andreea-Roxana. "Le comportement électoral dans les communautés mixtes." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210137.
Full textHaidar, Hassan. "L'influence des communautés sur le choix des langues au Liban." Bordeaux 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997BOR21004.
Full textIn a area of 10452 km2 live 17 religious communities which differ in their culture and origins. These religious communities, which form the fondations of the lebanese society, constitue the corner stone of all cultural, linguistical, political and social life. This work is written from an ethno-linguistical point of view because it shows the place of the languages inside each community. The interpretation of their role as well as the attraction they have for each community poses many questions. This study begins with a brief historical survey of the languages in use in the Lebanon, language rather than being a factor which enriches the lebanese culture, has instead become of debate and antagonism. Pluralism in education remains a major cause of disintegration in lebanese society. More over the lebanese between partisans and opponents. How do christians and muslims react to the two subjects ? What represents these two themes in the different political and ideological trends in the lebanon ? These linguistic opposites have in turn become a crisis of cultural existance
Amrani-Hanchi, Mohammed. "Essai sur l'évolution des structures sociales traditionnelles dans le monde rural marocain en contact de l'Occident." Paris 7, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985PA070005.
Full textN'Dion, Pierre. "Territoires et communautés de Brazzaville : les limites de l'aménagement des villes d'Afrique tropicale." Paris 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA010556.
Full textStudying territoires of tropical african cities can be carried out with the ambition to justify the necessary complementary between fundamental and applied research with a view of urban territoires management. As regards brazzaville, the capital city of the congo, the description and analysis of the land (part one) sketch up an evaluation of the urban policies which have been implemented for one and a half century by colonial administrations first, and later on by nationals. The country's history and geography, the social practices have shaped the city, urban communities' consciousness and sociology. Yet, new districts creation logics, urban strategies, production of inhabited spaces, migrations and inter-urban residential mobility mechanisms originate from a general mutation of social formation (part two). But this mutation of urban society, endlessly influenced by social, political and economic stakes, amplified by cultural external factors does not follow a space organization and territory social functioning dynamics which comply with the official urban project. Planning stands then as a requirement and a necessity in the research of solutions to city manage:ent and control of urban space expansion. The objective is a harmonious integration of urban territories functioning in the national territory development schema (part three). For tropical cities development options to be operational, they must rest on a thorough
Tsicaloudaki, Maria. "Pouvoirs et professions des communautés chrétiennes urbaines dans l'Empire ottoman (XVIIe-XIXe siècles) : Serrès, Philippopoli, Kozani, Larissa." Paris 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA010706.
Full textKrouchi, Ahmed. "Mutations économiques et insertion des communautés immigrées en banlieue nord de Paris : Aubervilliers et Saint-Denis." Paris 4, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA040166.
Full textThis research deals with the evolution of two ambivalent phenomena and their effects on the insertion of immigrant populations : on one side, the economic slow down born from the first oil shock : on the other, the reconstruction of immigrants families in France as a consequence of the end of labour migrations. The addition of these two phenomena led us to distinguish two types of mutations among these populations : first the internal mutations which were conducive to changes in the demographic and employment characteristics of their members; secondly the external mutations linked with the evolution of the local economic situation, after the collapse of the industrial sector. Because of the deep disruption of local realities, we focused our field work on the problems of immigrants, mainly those related to urban exclusion
Veny, Yoann. "Socio-Sémantique du Web Politique: Une Analyse de l’Espace de Compétition Thématique et Topographique Entre Communautés Politiques Belges Francophones." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/261521.
Full textDoctorat en Sciences politiques et sociales
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Gadek, Guillaume. "Détection d'opinions, d'acteurs-clés et de communautés thématiques dans les médias sociaux." Thesis, Normandie, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018NORMIR18/document.
Full textOnline Social Networks have taken a huge place in the informational space and are often used for advertising, e-reputation, propaganda, or even manipulation, either by individuals, companies or states. The amount of information makes difficult the human exploitation, while the need for social network analysis remains unsatisfied: trends must be extracted from the posted messages, the user behaviours must be characterised, and the social structure must be identified. To tackle this problem, we propose a system providing analysis tools on three levels. First, the message analysis aims to determine the opinions they bear. Then, the characterisation and evaluation of user accounts is performed thanks to the union of a behavioural profiling method, the study of node importance and position in social graphs and engagement and influence measures. Finally the step of user community detection and evaluation is accomplished. For this last challenge, we introduce thematic cohesion scores, completing the topological, graph-based measures for group quality. This system is then applied on two corpora, extracted from two different online social media. The first is constituted of messages published on Twitter, gathering every activity performed by a set of 5,000 accounts on a long period. The second stems from a ToR-based social network, named Galaxy2, and includes every public action performed on the platform during its uptime. We evaluate the relevance of our system on these two datasets, showing the complementarity of user account characterisation tools (influence, behaviour and role), and user account communities (interaction strength, thematic cohesion), enriching the social graph exploitation with textual content elements
Dao, Thi Hoang Mai. "Le développement des capabilités sociales des pauvres comme moyen d'accession à l'économie de marché : le cas des communautés rurales au Vietnam." Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009VERS021S.
Full textPoverty reduction is always one of the first aspirations of the Vietnamese government. Since 1992, Vietnamese government has promulgated a comprehensive strategy in economic development and poverty reduction. Efforts on economic growth of Vietnam are considered as a target for the poor (UNDP, 2005). However, people who have left poverty may also return to it because the distance between the poor and the non-poor is narrow. Many of them do not have a regular income and savings. Thus, it is necessary to reduce the poverty not only in quantitative terms but also in qualitative ones. A majority of the poor in Vietnam lives in rural areas. So, there is a strong connection between poverty reduction and agriculture. Vietnam is presently in the context of a transition from a subsidized economy to a market economy. The transition from a system of self-subsidize production to a system that produces for the market is the main objective of agriculture and rural development. Some studies showed that many households in Vietnam, especially in the Northern areas do not participate to the market. A majority of these households is constituted of poor producers. There are many difficulties that prevent poor people from participating in the market, such as the lack of capital, technology or information. In other words, they do not have enough capabilities. This research examines the role of social and collective capabilities among the poor to improve their access to the market. It also tries to answer to the question of how to reinforce these capabilities by analyzing the intermediary role of social institutions in order to encourage the participation of the poor in the market
Proulx, Guylaine. "Les communautés interprétatives d'un enjeu environnemental médiatisé : le cas de l'exportation en vrac de l'eau douce canadienne." Thesis, Université Laval, 2007. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2007/24867/24867.pdf.
Full textMariat-Roy, Émilie. "Si les quotas m'étaient contés : les conséquences économiques et sociales des politiques islandaises de gestion des ressources marines : ethnologie de communautés littorales." Paris, EHESS, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011EHES0483.
Full textMy doctoral research brings together diverse aspects -social, economic, political and symbolic - of the transformations in the system of property ownership and regulation of access to marine resources following the implementation in 1991 of individual transferable quotas (ITQ). With a view to gaining a comprehensive understanding of the organization of a system of halieutic production, as well as the conditions determining its evolution, I seek to ientify an occupational group across a wide geographical and temporal extent. The aim is to capture, on the one hand, the diversity and fullness of meaning of meaning which fishing as both an idustry and way of life embodies whilst, on the other, to chart its transformation across the past, present and envisaged future fromboth a material and an ideal perspective. With these gols in mind, I consider, firstly, the historical development of the fishing industry in order to shed lighton the process through which marine resources came to be considered as national property, one which involves a comples nexus of interrelated technical, social and economic factors. Secondly, I carry out a comparative analysis of the practices and discourses structuring the forms of mobilization as well as the individual and collective strategies of the coastal populations of seven fishing ports in response to national policies for the management of marine resources. Within this framework, I give detailed consideration to the manner in which the industry's independent fishermen, the flourishing of whom had gone hand in hand with that of commercial fishing, attempt to counteract the effects of national reforms, observing the conditions, forms and consequences of such attempts on both local and national level. This analysis seeks to give due emphasis to the individualization process of fishing and fish processing practices variations in fishing practices which varies from one region to the next, as well as on making sense of the evolution of juridical practices for the regulation of the industry in the wake of the implementation of the ITQ. I bring to light, furthermore, the fashion in which the process of the privatization and commercialization of fishing rights, initiated by public authorities and subsequently pursued by diverse members of the industry, contradicts the principals embodied in fishing laws, a contradiction the significance of which cannot be overlooked
Pinto, Muriel. "A identidade socioterritorial missioneira na cidade histórica de São Borja-RS : as hegemonias de poder sobre uma identidade tradicional enraizada entre antigas Reduções Jesuítico-Guarani." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/131160.
Full textA cidade de São Borja-RS, recorte em estudo, teve o início de seu processo de colonização e consequente formação urbana e territorial a partir da implementação das Reduções Jesuítico-Guarani de São Francisco de Borja e Santo Tomé, durante o século XVII. Desde o período reducional, esses territórios realizam comunicações socioculturais que demarcam uma semelhança étnico-cultural entre esses povos nas margens do rio Uruguai. Esse período missioneiro enraizou modos de vida, saberes, crenças e marcadores arquitetônicos e artísticos que ainda são vivenciados nas áreas urbanas regionais. Procurando melhor compreender como vem se dando a construção da identidade missioneira, problematizou-se como as representações sociais e os marcadores territoriais missioneiros acabam por reproduzir narrativas identitárias e enraizamentos sociais missioneiros. Após a reflexão sobre os espaços sociais, marcadores territoriais e as representações sociais missioneiras, sustenta-se a tese de que a identidade missioneira regional, por mais que venha sofrendo constantemente com alteridades impostas por relações de força política, ideológica e econômica advindas das centralidades estancieiras, ainda mantém práticas tradicionais enraizadas nas vivências nativas. Tais vivências estão constantemente articuladas com os remanescentes urbanos e artísticos do período reducional. Através da análise das redes territoriais e das representações sociais, sustenta-se que a produção de sentidos do mundo social missioneiro das margens do rio Uruguai se legitima a partir de ritualidades, crenças sagradas e míticas e através da afirmação discursiva e simbólica da musicalidade missioneira. Esses marcadores identitários missioneiros se utilizam das materializações culturais como artifícios de transcendência espiritual e cultural, que vem sendo reproduzidos pelas identidades ribeirinha e gaúcha. Portanto, esta pesquisa expõe uma identidade missioneira que, ao mesmo tempo, é vivida e simbolizada, através de diálogos socioterritoriais entre as práticas sociais tradicionais e os remanescentes urbanos reducionais, que instigaram pensar os espaços sociais missioneiros a partir das vivências, dos ritos, das crenças, dos imaginários e dos vínculos territoriais.
Viala-Sugrañes, Neus. "Affirmation de l'identité culturelle à travers l'artisanat et sa commercialisation : l'exemple de quatre communautés péruviennes : Chinchera, Hualhuas, Pirca et San Francisco de Yarinacocha." Toulouse 2, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990TOU20047.
Full textSocio-ethnological study of craft production in four peruvian community villages located in four distinct geographical a nd cultural areas : chinchera, hualhuas, pirca, san francisco de yarinacocha. Since 1980, peruvian communities, prompted by a development scheme defined by the serpaj (service non-violent latin amer ican movement) hare been trying to market their traditional craft, combining tradition with modernity. The trading techn iques they are using, allow them to depend their cultural values. In peru, today craft can be a means of dialogue and recognition for locals within a pluricultural national society and i n new relation ships of solidarity between the south and the north
Kane, Idrissa oumar. "Gouvernance intégrée du risque dans la perspective d’adaptation des communautés côtières aux changements climatiques : une analyse empirique des représentations sociales de la résilience." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016SACLV098/document.
Full textThis PhD sets and explores the possibilities of « dialogue of knowledge » between scientists and local communities about resilience strategies implementations for climate coastal risks adaptation. This dialogue focuses on questions of paradigmatics representations, values and materials issues. This dialogue of knowledge, advocated by scientific community and claimed by wide audience, is increasingly needed due to complex societal problems related to climate change and different world visions. The technocentered rationality has always been an approche which dominate in the responses to the challenge of adaptation. However, in the name of integrated gouvernance, this approach is more and more contested by local communities due to their strong engagement in proposing socially co-constructed alternatives. In the first paper « Communicating risk through a DSS: a coastal risk centered empirical analysis » our research focus on the conflict of representation between scientists and local stackeholders about the probabilistic nature of coastal risk and the impacts mitigation options. Thus, a dialogic communication, based on taking into account heuristic values of local actors, is necessary. In the second paper « L'utilisation du concept polysémique de résilience: une analyse empirique en milieu côtier » our research focus on the choice of meaning of resilience concept through public policy of coastal risk management. This concept, considering its history and evolution through its various disciplinary practices, has raised, in addition to problem of polysemy due to its high use, a lack of consensus on the suitable definition. In the third paper «Vulnérabilité et résilience, entre conceptions déterministes et non déterministes : les sciences du risque côtier à la croisée des chemins », it is to questionne the choice of models and approaches used by reseachers to analyse and intervene on the coastal system. Building on the two first papers, this pape ris an unique proposition of paradigmatic tilt in the conceptual and operational processing of socio-ecosystems gouvernance. This way of presentation (thesis structured by papers) is done in accordance with required principles and technics of redaction approved by academic world (here, the University of Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines). The three papers are closely linked in their respective thematic. This explain the coherence of the conducted research and the obtained results. In the methodology, the research is built/base on an empirical approach starting from an theorical approach related to the concepts studied. The method of datas collection is semi-structured interviews, focus group, with a thematic questionnaire. The method of datas processing is done by coding these latter in ATLAS.ti. The method of datas analysis is done by iterative grounded theorisation. The targeted audience is the scientific involved in the THESEUS project and the coastal communities lived in three experimental coastal settings of the project (Gironde in France, Santander in Spain and Cesenatico in Italia). In the conclusion, it is first admitted that paradigmatic tensions can compromise the efficacity of decision support system process and the need of consensus between heuristics on the coastal risk ; second, the same paradigmatic conflicts have some consequences in the operational deployment of resilience concept and it requires a dialogue about the signification of this concept in an epistemologically robust way. Finally, it is primordial to found a neat articulation between the choice of meaning, the operational deployment and the paradigmatic representations underlying the displayed concepts
Broc, Damien. "Dynamiques politiques, économiques et sociales dans la Corse médiévale : le Diocèse de Nebbio (XI° siècle – c. 1540)." Thesis, Corte, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014CORT0010/document.
Full textBy the wealth of its documentation, the diocese of Nebbio offers us a point of observation of first importance on Corsica of the Middle Ages. The place of the episcopal institution perceives itself there particularly well. The bishops played at first a political and administrative role as far as they governed the city of Nebbio and collected taxes on the maritime trade. In that respect, they had certainly got in their profit a part of the powers of the counts or the marquesses of Corsica. Besides, between the end of the XIth century and the current of the XIIth century, they participated in the reform of the Church under the aegis of the Holy See, who was translated by the construction of “piévanes” churches and the cathedral Santa Maria of Nebbio and by an effort of formation and control of the clergy. The imprint of the bishops of the XIIth and XIIIth centuries was all the stronger on their diocese as most were of Corsican origin.However, another power asserted itself in the XIIIth century: communities. They got organized according to three degrees of jurisdiction. Their mission consisted in returning the justice and, consequently, in solving the conflicts. In other words, the municipal institutions played a major social role because they allowed the peaceful coexistence of two social groups which had clearly differed over time: the popolo and the seigneurial families. They protected, besides, the properties of the Church against the usurpations of the big laymen.Nevertheless, in the course of the XIVth century, the social balances were broken. It is true that a Lord such as Giovanninello de Loreta showed exaggerated claims which struck the popular. So that in 1357-1358, all the castles of Nebbio were destroyed, however when Avogari-Gentile remained in their seigneuries of Nonza and Canary, at the price of the concession of statutes of municipal inspiration. The popular revolts also brought the emergence of a new social group: caporali. These notables were then made the heralds of the popolo but, over time, they got loose from it. They adopted in the XVth century an aristocratic lifestyle whereas they aspired to a privileged social status.In the middle of the XVth century, the popular of the diocese, irritated by the disorders and the arbitrary power generated by seigneurial aristocracies or by caporali, found to Saint-Florent a refuge. The city became their assembly point. They developed it thanks to the privileges which the Genoese power, implanted well on the island from the second half of the XVth century, had granted them. However, the social situation of the diocese of Nebbio tightened and degraded between the end of the XVth century and 1540’s. The population knew then an important growth, so that the control of the economic resources caused a keen competition but also of big social imbalance. From there, resulted numerous violence. Many were the fact of caporali
Barleto, Canizela Guimaraes Tatiane. "Dynamiques sociales et ajustements stratégiques en contexte d'innovation : analyse de la coopétition dans une communauté de pratique inter-organisationnelle au Brésil." Thesis, Paris Est, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PESC0004/document.
Full textCommunity of practice (CoP) is defined as a potential space for cooperation between peers favoring the access to knowledge and allowing the development of innovation. A CoP, which can also be seen as an informal network of cooperation, could be interesting for startups that suffering with the lack of resources and that are deficient in their innovation process, especially when they are far from potential innovation partners. However, the issue of competition cannot be disregarded in their inter-organizational context. Furthermore, the literature on communities of practice has not yet addressed this paradoxical dynamic in which there is presence at the same time of cooperation and competition logics. Moreover, the literature of coopetition does not well explore this kind of dynamics in informal networks. Thus, the goal of this thesis is to study the effect of coopetition on the social dynamics of inter-organizational CoPs in an innovation context. This study is based on an exploratory and longitudinal case study that was conducted at San Pedro Valley (Brazil), which is a CoP of innovative startups in the information technology sector. The analysis of this case study allows us to construct a categorization of different relationships of coopetition that exist in the inter-organizational CoP. Even if the participation of entrepreneurs, which are members of this informal network, allows the strategic adjustment of their companies in issues related to the innovation projects, some relations will progressively modify the crucial characteristics of the CoP due to the forthcoming of tensions and conflicts. One of the main results of this thesis is a new light at the functioning of CoP at the inter-organizational level showing how the coopetition strategies is developed in informal networks. Another result includes an individual-level to understand the drivers of coopetition, and then the study provides insights about the informal relationship in the scope of coopetition strategy. It is also worth mentioning methodological contributions based on the use of a "netnography" approach to entrepreneurial social networks, as well as managerial contributions to entrepreneurs, allowing a better understanding of their innovation ecosystem
Martin, Fabienne. "Ce mal qui les anime : expériences et quotidien d’une communauté de lépreux (Jodhpur, Inde du Nord)." Paris 10, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA100108.
Full textIndia counts numerous self built leprosy settlements – ashrams or colonies. I have been interested in one of them, located in Jodhpur (Rajasthan) in north-west India. This study focuses on its history, the way this group of people took shape on the basis of mutualisation of experience and friendship, to further become an institution rooted in urban space as a sevā organisation (hindu concept of service). I have been equally interested in the way the group thinks itself and takes stand in Indian society. In this study, emphasis is actually put on movement : rejection and ostracism, meeting and connection, distinctive process, tries and explorations. These individuals, who have come together because of a biological affliction which their descendents inherited socially, find themselves trapped into a perpetual “yet to be”. Finally this study states on the permanent tension which results from the confrontation between the desire to build an existence behind leprosy and the constrains opposed by external agents as to the effect of the community building process itself
Boaventura, Odete. "Les fonctions de la fête dans la construction de l'identité collective et du sentiment d'appartenance à une communauté : le cas de Palmeira de Faro." Toulouse 2, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009TOU20023.
Full textOur research focus on the study of collective celebration as an instrument of socialisation and construction of a collective identity, the sense of belonging to a community. We intend to show that social identity is strongly marked by the attachment to the village, religion and that it manifests itself in celebratory representations and practices. We also want to show that the ways of participation at celebratory initiatives and the experience of celebrations reinforce its representation as well as identity values (village, religion, social insertion). Our field of research is a village in the North of Portugal, at 4 km from the sea, whose traditions remain alive and whose habitants are loyal to their celebrations, which were inherited from their forefathers and take place all throughout the year. We have chosen Saint Anthony's celebration, for being the most representative of the parish, tightly assembling not only the habitants of Palmeira de Faro but also outside participants. We used an inquiry (116 questions) to evaluate the sense of belonging to the village, attachment to religion, level of adhesion to local culture and its values. We have carried out 180 inquiries, among three groups of the local population: the elder (who live in the village for three generations), the recent habitants (first generation) and the emigrants (who only come to the village for their holidays or the celebrations, or may spend there several months, if they are already retired). We intend to demonstrate that celebrations represent a breach in the everyday life of the village, being a privileged time that allows the activation of social bonds and that creates a relational concept which facilitates interpersonal relations, establishing the social complexity of that community. We will see that there are different methods of participation in celebrations, according to values, desires, interests and expectations. In spite of being a time of enjoyment and of all kinds of excesses, where the social control is replaced by a reversal of values and a symbolical contestation of the social order, celebrations also represent a « memorable » time and an experience which is not easily forgotten. Individuals, families and groups make efforts at every level, to valorise themselves at the eyes of the community. We will try to explain how celebrations become an instrument of socialisation and consolidation of a collective identity, valorising the sense of belonging to a community
Neykova, Niya. "Nouvelles formes de communication - nouvelles formes de communauté : (les téléphones cellulaires et les cultures contemporaines des jeunes en Bulgarie)." Thesis, Saint-Etienne, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014STET2195/document.
Full textThe aim of this thesis is to analyze the practices of mobile phone use among young Bulgarians (the generation born after the fall of communism in the country), by using the « soft » interdisciplinary approaches of Cultural Studies. These are practices which are bases not only for restructuring of micro cultures, but also for the appearance of new ones. We assume that mobile phones are changing the traditional conditions and ways of expressing identity, of preserving the integrity of a group of belonging, of building hierarchies and forms of authority. In the first place we present the mobile phone in the perspective of the social imaginary, by summarizing repetitive discourses in the products of mass culture. Afterwards we analyze the interpretations that users themselves give to mobile phones, and the means they exploit to create new kinds of social relationships or to legitimize the existing ones, while taking into consideration certain differences in use related to age, gender and social status. Finally we show that mobile phones encourage a specific form of community, the networked individualism, which promotes an individual able to choose and manage his loyalties and his allegiances at any time and at any place. The mobile phone is the most intimate technology. Its acquisition is considered to be a rite of passage that marks the transition to the communication society and its ideologies of transparence and care, and which contributes also to the « domestication » of the situations that happen
Drut-Hours, Marie. "Contribution à l'histoire de l'Aufklärung : étude comparative du processus dans les milieux catholiques et protestants : l'exemple des communautés de Deux-Ponts et de Trèves." Metz, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999METZ003L.
Full textDiene, Bassirou. "L'adaptation à la diversité ethnique et culturelle des caisses populaires et d'économie du Mouvement Desjardins : les représentations sociales du phénomène construites par les communautés culturelles et par l'institution." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/17831.
Full textDuboscq, Stéphanie. "Caractérisation des relations sociales des communautés du nord-est de la péninsule Ibérique entre la seconde moitié du Ve et la seconde moitié du IVe millénaire cal BC d'après l'étude des pratiques funéraires." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/405646.
Full textCe travail de recherche a pour objectif de participer à l’obtention d’une meilleure connaissance des femmes de la Préhistoire, en s’intéressant tout particulièrement à leurs conditions de vie durant le Néolithique moyen au nord-est de la péninsule Ibérique, aux relations qu’elles entretenaient avec les autres individus (principalement les hommes) et à la place qu’elles occupaient dans leur communauté, et ce par le biais de l’étude des données archéologiques disponibles. Le but est également de contribuer à une plus grande compréhension des communautés du nord-est de la péninsule Ibérique dans leur ensemble à un moment, le Néolithique moyen, où des matériaux circulent parfois sur de longues distances, reflétant l’existence de réseaux d’échanges complexes. Ces réseaux semblent liés, en Europe de l’ouest, à la généralisation de dissymétries sociales, elles-mêmes accompagnées de l’enrichissement et de la prise de pouvoir par certains individus ou groupes humains. L’existence de ces dissymétries a déjà été envisagée pour le nord-est de la péninsule Ibérique, mais le sexe des individus était-il une variable influençant la nature d’inégalités hiérarchiques ? Afin d’atteindre ces objectifs, je me suis intéressée spécifiquement au domaine funéraire, les contextes d’habitat étant peu connus du fait de leur mauvaise conservation. Un corpus a été élaboré, composé de 278 structures réparties entre 45 sites, pour un total de 370 individus. Une typologie a été effectuée en prenant comme variable principale l’authenticité du caractère funéraire de ces structures, de manière à mettre en évidence différentes pratiques, qui pourraient correspondre à différentes réalités sociales ou chronologiques. En vue d’éclairer la problématique propre à cette recherche, des analyses transversales ont été menées à partir de l’information provenant des trois aspects principaux pris en considération dans cette étude : la structure, le mobilier funéraire et l’individu en lui-même. Les résultats obtenus ont permis de distinguer une diversité de situations, liées à la chronologie, au contexte global, au degré de participation des divers groupes humains aux réseaux d’échanges, et sans doute à des particularités régionales. Des inégalités ont été mises en évidence sur différentes échelles : entre régions, entre sites, entre individus d’un même site. L’organisation de ces sociétés serait donc bien hiérarchisée, et certains individus, principalement de sexe masculin, se distinguent non seulement par rapport aux femmes, mais aussi par rapport aux autres hommes. Ils sembleraient avoir un lien étroit avec les réseaux d’échanges, sur lesquels ils devaient exercer une forme de contrôle. Cependant, malgré la mise en évidence de différences entre hommes et femmes, le sexe ne devait pas être le principal facteur de dissymétries entre individus dans ce contexte, et les données disponibles ne permettent pas de dire qu’un groupe humain était exploité à cause du sexe des sujets le composant.
The purpose of this research is to contribute to the acquisition of a better knowledge of Prehistoric women, paying particular attention to their living conditions during the Middle Neolithic in the northeast of the Iberian peninsula, to the relations they had with the other individuals (especially men), and the place they occupied in their community, through the study of the available archaeological data. The goal is also to contribute to a greater understanding of the communities of the northeast of the Iberian Peninsula as a whole at a time, the Middle Neolithic, when raw materials and artifacts sometimes traveled long-distances, reflecting the existence of complex exchange networks. In Western Europe, these networks seem to be linked to the spread of social dissymmetry, which is itself accompanied by an enrichment and a power takeover by certain individuals or groups of people. The existence of this dissymmetry has already been envisaged for the northeast of the Iberian Peninsula, but was the sex of the individuals a variable influencing the nature of hierarchical inequalities? In order to explore these issues, I focus my research on funerary contexts. Indeed, settlement contexts are not well-known because of their poor conservation. A corpus of mortuary structures was elaborated, consisting of 45 sites, 278 structures and 370 individuals. A typology was constructed, taking as the main variable how reliable is a structure as a funerary context, so as to highlight different practices that could correspond to different social or chronological realities. In order to shed light on the issues specific to this research, transversal analyzes were carried out. Theses analyzes were based on the information coming from the three main aspects taken into account in this study: the burial structure, the grave goods and the dead individual. The results obtained made it possible to distinguish a variety of patterns, linked to the chronology, to the overall context, to the degree of participation of the various human groups in the exchange networks, and probably to regional particularities. Inequalities have been revealed on different scales: among regions, among sites and among individuals of the same site. The organization of these societies seems to have been hierarchized, and some individuals, mainly males, are distinguished not only in relation to women but also in relation to other men. They seem to have a close connection with the exchange networks, on which they could exercise some form of control. However, despite the evidence of gender differences, sex was probably not the main factor of dissymmetry among individuals in this context, and the available data does not allow for the conclusion that one human group was being exploited by another because of the sex of these individuals.
Traboulsi, Fawwaz. "Identités et solidarités croisées dans les conflits du Liban contemporain." Paris 8, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA080847.
Full textThe aim of this thesis is to study the effects of two forms of identification and solidarity, the sects and the classes, in the conflicts of contemporary lebanon. Succeeding to a section on methodology dealing with the concepts of sect, clientelism and class, is one which traces the emergence of the sectarian phenomenon, the formative phases of the lebanese entity and the ascent to power of the commercial-financial oligarchy. A chapter is devoted to the thought of michel chiha (1891-1954), leading ideologue of free trade and secterianism, another deals with the problematic of the state submitted to the "double bind" of sect and class, a third analyses the social crisis and the social movements on the eve of the war. The third and last section on the civil war analyses the projects of society of the protagonists, the "mafian" features of militian power and concludes with a survey of the mecanisms and rituals of violence. The conclusion, which highlights the explosive factor of class frustations imbedded in sectarian politics, poses a number of questions and challenges facing the process of peace, reconstruction, democracy and secularism in post-war lebanon
Kerignard, Sophie. "Les femmes, les mal entendues du discours libertaire ? : de la fin du dix-neuvième siècle à la Grande guerre." Paris 8, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA082374.
Full textAnarchist discourse about women, from 1880 to 1914, is first analysed with three theorists : Pierre-Joseph Proudhon, Max Stirner and Michel Bakounine. Two historical events also influenced the libertarians : the Russian nihilist movement and Paris Commune. They therefore place themselves somewhere between tradition and the protection of women. They develop a discourse on the role and place of women in the family unit based on a matriarchal myth and in particular producing neo-Malthusian propaganda. The libertarians also initiate contradictory thinking on free love, as illustrated by communities and several couples. Finally, the relationship between feminism and anarchy are studied. Two anarchistic tendencies stand out : libertarian feminism and anarcho-feminism, illustrated by Louis Michel, important figure of the libertarian movement, and Gabrielle Petit, feminist militant and revolutionary
Nespoulous, Laurent. "Une histoire de la protohistoire japonaise : De la genèse de l'agriculture à la formation des sociétés archaïques complexes du Vème millénaire avant notre ère au VIème siècle de notre ère." Paris, INALCO, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007INAL0022.
Full textThis thesis is an attempt for a better understanding of Japan's agrarian societies' genesis and their ongoing complexification. We gather data from the earliest times of the Holocene to the very end of archaic complex societies before the birth of classical State by the end of the 7th century AD. Japanese archaeological field is rather unknown in Europe, and our research aims both at introducing it synthetically, and at confronting it to European centered interpretative models. The thesis is composed of 2 parts assorted with a glossary, and structured along 2 main themes: agriculture and its evolutinary issues on the one hand, and, on the other hand, "political power" and elite's strategies to keep it for themselves. Chapters 1 and 2 are conceived around "agricultural issues", those its spreading (neolithisation), and are based upon data from the Jômon (10th millennium - 5th Century BC) and the Yayoi Period (5th Century BC - Middle of the 3rd Century AD). Chapters 3, 4, and 5 deal with political power issues, paying particular attention to, respectively: chronological division concerning the existence of political power in the Japanese arc (Yayoi and Kofun Periods); the rise of "Chiefdoms"; and at the genesis of what we call an "Age of the Princes", bringing Japanese protohistorical societies to a high level of complexity during the Kofun Period (Middle of 3rd Century - 7th Century). Finally, we will see that protohistory in Japan benefits from being compared to European field and from being brought into a morre "universal" interpretive field
Tison, Brigitte. "Une approche psycho-sociale du vécu de femmes indiennes immigrées à Paris et à Londres : la communauté pondichérienne de Paris, les communautés indiennes et bangladeshies de Londres : modes d'insertion, profils identitaires, valeurs culturelles et religieuses maintenus au sein de ces communautés." Paris 5, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA05H014.
Full textSince a long time, France and England have been connected with India. They still keeping relations but it has changed now. There is Indian communities in our countries. We have been interested particularly with the life of women. In fact, women keep culture and traditions. Transmission is going through them. Our study has been concentrated on these groups. We would like to know if Indian women in France and in England present differences in their manners and behaviours because of their history. We try to establish a psychological and social approach of them and for it, we use questionnaries and interviews non directed. Our approach concerns only one hundred women
Lutrand, Marie-Claude. "La communauté de l'Arche de Bonnecombe : rupture sociale et conversion communautaire dans un contexte de changement social." Toulouse 2, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988TOU20017.
Full textThe ethno-sociological study of the arche de bonnecombe" community and of the people living in this community, presents the problem of the dynamics of the worldview in a context of social change, as well as the problem of the "meaning", of the religious in our modern society. When analysing the movement of the individual from the society to the community as a process of conversion and social rupture, the study shows : on the one hand that this process is triggered off by the tensions experienced by the individual in society, due to the fact that a gap exists between his system of values and the prevailing way of life; that a restructuring of the individual's way of life and his worldview is carried out in the course of this process. Based on the analysis of the biographical progress of the people living in this community and on the analysis of the procedure of initia tion and integration of the individual into the group, the study sho ws how the conversion process can be viewed as a way of resolving the tensions experienced by the individual in society and how the community can build a new structure of credibility
Bezerra, de Melo Daly Gabriela. "Drawing and blurring boundaries between species : an etho-ethnography of human-chimpanzee social relations at the Primate research institute of Kyoto university." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PSLEE035/document.
Full textHow do humans and chimpanzees set and blur boundaries between species when interacting with each other? This is the leitmotif of this etho-ethnography at the intersection of social anthropology, social studies of science and primatology. This endeavor is based on long-term fieldwork conducted in a cognitive sciences laboratory in Japan, which teaches chimpanzees language-like skills as means to understand their perceptual world. However, in this laboratory setting, the human-chimpanzee relationship is a vital part of the research philosophy and both species constitute a hybrid community of affections, social relationships, and scientific partnering. As a comparative effort, a short-term multi-sited ethnography was conducted following the theme across institutions in Japan of zoo, sanctuary and field-site type, in addition to the Japanese field station for the study of chimpanzee culture, in Bossou, Africa. Moreover, this work draws on the experience of becoming, at the same time, an experimenter in the targeted laboratory. The result is multifold. We shall explore first, the history as well as the caretaking and research practices in chimpanzee studies at the Primate Research Institute of Kyoto University (KUPRI). Then, we shall investigate the dynamics of physical boundaries in dangerous interspecies social interactions; the experimental boundaries of testing and being tested by chimpanzees; and the symbolic boundaries concerning human and nonhuman personhood. As a result, four major points are brought to light in a renewed perspective, namely (a) interspecies socialization (b) the embodiment of interspecies social relations in space (c) interspecies social relations in scientific settings (d) animalcentric perspectives on personhood. We conclude with the hopes and prospects for a fruitful dialogue across disciplines. Overall, the differential endeavor of this work consists in mobilizing concepts and tools from both primatology and social sciences to propose a more symmetric analysis of the human-animal relationship
Gastineau, Pascal. "Hétérogénéité sociale et gestion des ressources communes." Paris 10, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA100032.
Full textEconomists have viewed the presence of externalities and other market failures as leading to a private equilibrium that would not be Pareto optimal. In the exploitation of common-pool resources, this would lead to the 'tragedy of the commons'. In dealing with the 'tragedy of the commons', the common solutions promote either state or market involvement. However, the State-market solution to social dilemmas fails to recognize that individuals in a group or a community interact in social context. This thesis explores the role of social heterogeneity in collective action among communities. This is evident in the case of the social dilemmas associated with natural resources. We propose models of compliance (threshold model, static game, evolutionary game) that allow for the existence of a social norm. The impact of the social norm on pubic policy towards externalities is examined
Hervé, Bruno. "Gouverner le territoire et ses Hommes en contexte minier. Anthropologie de la cohabitation entre la communauté paysanne de Fuerabamba et le projet minier Las Bambas au Pérou (2003-2015)." Thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019EHES0084.
Full textThis study questions the forms of power at stake in the hearth of a mining project in Peru. This work focuses over nine years of coexisting between the peasant community of Fuerabamba and a mining company (2005-2014). From a local scale, this work reveals the relationships of power and the social and political transformations that the project induces. This study highlights the interactions and frictions taking place between the inhabitants of this community ant the mining company, but also between inhabitants themselves. The company is grafted onto a territory marginalized by the State and to its political and historical dynamics. A new “mining social order” seems to be established with the arrival of the project. The ethnography of the coexistence reveals the company’s complex power. It articulates international mining operational models and social power traditions in this State’s grey zones. The study of this coexistence can be broken down to a certain number of processes. Historical heritage and future consequences allow to understand the echoes of this particular case in a broader context. Finally, this situation appears to be an asymmetric power balance. Its grip, the paternalism and the promise of future benefits for families allows the company to fulfil its objectives. To quiet the opposition, relocate the community and operate the mine
Colombé, Michel. "Les communautes emmaues : leur interet medico-social." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986STR1M283.
Full textMassot, Emilie. "La construction d'une communauté de sens sur l'Alto Momón. Genèse et (re) production du système social égalitariste de communautés rurales non-indiennes en Amazonie péruvienne (fleuve Momón, Loreto, Pérou)." Thesis, Paris 3, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA030026.
Full textThis research, based on three ethnographic fieldtrips, analyses the social system of rural non-Indian communities in Peruvian Amazonia. During the 1920s, a few families decided to settle down on the higher part of the Momón river (Alto Momón), a sub-affluent of the Amazone, close to Iquitos, after the collapse of the rubber industry. Those “pioneers” occupied depopulated Alto Momón, without preliminary consultation, and took the opportunity to create a specific life style, which combines subsistence farming, urban economic exchanges and seasonal work for wood extraction. With this specific configuration (being close to the Iquitos market but relatively autonomous from the structural constraints of capitalism) the dwellers of Alto Momón created an alternative social system, which they managed to reproduce in the long run. This system departs both from the urban world and from the neighboring autochthonous Amerindian communities. At first, those new dwellers were only neighbors, but one century later, they are organized as acephalous and egalitarian communities, with an original communitarian use of communication (in the Spanish language). This dissertation presents the historical genesis of those communities, and then describes and analyses their institutions and material practices
Doumenc, Sakir Colette. "Education et stratification sociale : les communautés hindouistes et créoles de l'île Maurice." Université Marc Bloch (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001STR20038.
Full textThe object of this thesis is the study of the Hindu and Creole communities of the island of Mauritius, their concern with education and their mode of social stratification, for the Hindus by castes and for the Creoles by strata. .
Guérin, Francis. "Histoire et épistémologie du concept de communauté dans la sociologie française aux XIXe-XXe siècles : approches à partir de différents auteurs et courants." Paris, EHESS, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001EHES0118.
Full textRoy, Grégoire Etienne. "Écosystème normatif minier et communautés politiques en Colombie transitionnelle." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/39059.
Full textMbuinga, Kasa Flavien. "L'intégration des communautés noires africaines en France." Paris 2, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA020094.
Full textBeaudouin, Audrey. "Land, sea and communities in 18th-century Shetland islands." Thesis, Rennes 2, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016REN20047/document.
Full textIn a rental of the arable land of Shetland, written in the early 1770s, the following expression appeared: “The inhabitants of the Towns within the same Scattald are called scatt brethren.” These few words triggered a series of questions. What is a scattald? What is the scatt? Who are these ‘scatt brothers’? Research at the National Records of Scotland and at the Shetland Archives as well as the reading of academic literature on the questions of communities, commons, custom, local judicial systems and rural life in the early modern period led to the writing of a thesis on communities in the 18th century. These communities lived in a peculiar geographical context: the Shetland Islands. Without underestimating the role of the local environment in the life of the Shetlanders, this thesis shows that the surroundings of the Shetlanders were more a place of possibilities than a place of restrictions; it brought constraints, but any other surroundings in early modern Europe had its limitations. The life on the islands of Shetland was as anywhere else on mainland Scotland at the same period a life based on local resources and which saw the development of a market economy with its advantages and disadvantages for the inhabitants. In Shetland the market economy took the form of the fishing tenures with their specific share-cropping contracts.In order to understand these communities the thesis starts with how they were regulated. The regulations, the courts and their personnel all had a role to play in the social control of the members of the communities. This thesis also explores the activities of the communities’ members in their environment. Shetland as well as several regions in Northwest Europe at the same time was a place of pluriactivité, multi-tasking. Through multi-tasking and access to the commons, the scattald communities of Shetland kept a certain level of independence even in time of debt-bondage. This paradoxical relationship was rendered possible by an almost unlimited access to the commons throughout the 18th century, a time during which the movement on the commons were possible and the transmission of the memory of their boundaries stayed alive. Changes, however, happened on the islands during these times. The fishing tenures were only one element of these changes: women started to outnumber men, the size of the arable land cultivated by one household diminished, the protected commons were slowly nibbled, and a regional court offered more possibilities for justice to the higher ranks than to the tenants... Eventually, this thesis argues that local communities in 18th-century Shetland offered protection to women and men who through them had an organised support system
Jahangeer-Chojoo, Amenah. "La communauté musulmane de Port-Louis : une étude de géographie sociale." Bordeaux 3, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997BOR30016.
Full textMauritians of islamic faith constitute 16% of the population, of which 29% dwells in the capital city of port louis. They originate from various regions, sects and castes of india and have mostly immigrated since 150 years. Religion constitutes the basis on which the distinct identity of this minority is shaped. Islamisation is therefore, an important process in the consolidation of the ethnic group, and it has taken various ideological contents over the years. As a result the group has often modified its intrinsic cultural values and modes and adopted a variety of religious thoughts. This community depicts a profound social involvement as it has set up numerous religious, social and educational institutions. Besides, on the economic front the majority seems to favour occupations in the secondary and services sectors, as well as the liberal professions, and a high rate of self-employment can be observed. This group is highly aware of its minority status in a multiethnic context and hesitates politically between adherence to a national party or to exclusive groups. A rise in islamist thinking has been observed in recent years, especially in the suburb with a high concentration of moslems in port louis
Lutrand, Marie-Claude. "La Communauté de l'Arche de Bonnecombe rupture sociale et conversion communautaire dans un contexte de changement social /." Lille 3 : ANRT, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37615436w.
Full textSasseville, Nathalie. "La représentation du soutien social dans la communauté autochtone de Kitcisakik." Thesis, Université Laval, 2012. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2012/28808/28808.pdf.
Full textHaji-Caussanel, Mehdi. "Cour de justice des Communautés européennes, droit social communautaire, droit social français : un jeu d'influence." Montpellier 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998MON10026.
Full textGarcia, Quintero Juan de Jesús. "La ségrégation socio-spatiale à Medellin (Colombie) : les ensembles résidentiels fermés." Paris, EHESS, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007EHES0122.
Full textThis thesis is concerned with the study of urban fragmentation, caused by the ambient and omnipresent fear of violence in society. The study specifically focuses on Medellin in Colombia, which proves an interesting case due to its title as "The most dangerous city in the world". The phenomenon of enclosed or private neighbourhoods appears in part to be a consequence of the fragmentation of society, caused by a need for enhanced security. Beyond the enclosed or private neighbourhoods, violence has resulted in the closure of whole city zones. This partition has not been as a result of concrete walls, but through the fear of the population of armed protagonists in a complex environment of violence. This work aims to understand the fragmentation process in relation to socio-spatial segregation. The study is limited to an area of 105m² of the urban zone and is divided into three parts, namely 1) Possible social mixtures, 2) the socio-spatial segregation of Medellin, urban textures and social identities, and 3) the internal borders
Zermani, Mounira. "Participation sociale et associations altermondialistes : essai sur les nouvelles formes d'humanisme des communautés esthétiques." Paris 5, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA05H052.
Full textSeattle 1999, a new type of mobilization appears, new type of activists group of associations who gather for one cause; fighting against globalization and its perverse effects. Under the idea of « another world is possible » the anti globalization organizations have succeeded in gathering crowds and causing momentums of participation of the global civil society. At the same time new pictures of solidarity, of radicalism, of diversity, of Ways of being together emerge from these movements as well as a set of ways of action revealing a redeployment of activist commitment as well as a new use of the imaginary dimension of the struggle. Anti globalization appears as a current which has been able to change course of the balance of power, by the emergence of new causes and new activist tactics. By inspiring momentum in daily behaviors, the anti globalization currents are modifying the and social experiences and activities
Huet, Armel. "La raison urbaine : communauté et socialité." Paris 10, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA100076.
Full textFrancomme, Olivier. "Geographie sociale de l'education : cas des communautes indigenes et noires de colombie." Amiens, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000AMIE0001.
Full textSantana, Viviane Lucia. "La contribution du pouvoir des ONG Européennes au développement durable dans l'Amazonie brésilienne." Paris, EHESS, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012EHES0042.
Full textAs part of this thesis in Sociology, this presents a study on the social and environmental context of Brazilian Amazon, by taking as a problematic the participation of the social fields in the process of sustainable development in this region of Brazil. The research has also highlighted the importance of the Environment Sociology for the study of contemporary issues such as those concerning the society and the relationship with the environment. This dimension of the man and the nature is strong in this region that is still considered as an exotic place by the presence of its tropical forest, wich became a symbol of the international environmentalist cause. Nevertheless, the chapter of the thesis also introduce the major problems wich exist in the social context of the Brazilian Amazon. The NGOs field also participates with the power relations that are established around this emerging theme of the sustainable development to the Brazilian Amazon, by some social factors wich are relevant to be approached, such as : its interaction with local actors and the presence of its symbolic power that can legitimize its actions. The case studies present the interaction between social actors for some projects and actions for sustainable development in the Amazon
Pruvost, Michel. "La coopération dans la communauté de travail : éléments de recherche d'une philosophie de l'entreprise." Paris 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA010602.
Full textCooperation founds community. When is it truly human? This study begins with a historical survey. All cooperation entails a moral aspect as well as one of making. Cooperation is primarily understood in and through collaboration. Human operation is de facto individual : can it, however, become communal ? By acts divisibility and communication. Its is by means of intuition or a certain induction that one grasps the finality of the human act in the multiplicity of the good. The order of justice is not, strictly speaking, a principle but rather a modality of the good, proper to the experience of cooperation. Three major types of collaboration : instrumental "intégral" or participative, "architectonic" by subdivision. In communal acts can be found elements of the personal ethical act. Consensus is proper only to communal acts. The major types of human government are based upon the communal act structure. Monarchy is fitting for the unity necessary to a good commandment. Government by a competent elite is fitting for counsel, or advice, and the choice of means. Demorcracy suits for communal engagement and consensus. The judicious mix is a monarchic commandment, with an aristocratic advice, and a democratic consensus of the engaged cooperators. It ends with a philosophical study on economics and money and with a theological annexe