Academic literature on the topic 'Communautés microbiennes du sol'
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Journal articles on the topic "Communautés microbiennes du sol"
MONTEL, M. C., E. BEUVIER, and A. HAUWUY. "(only in French) Pratiques d’élevage, microflore du lait et qualités des produits laitiers." INRAE Productions Animales 16, no. 4 (August 12, 2003): 279–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.20870/productions-animales.2003.16.4.3667.
Full textBLOOR, J. M. G., P. JAY-ROBERT, A. LE MORVAN, and G. FLEURANCE. "Déjections des herbivores domestiques au pâturage : caractéristiques et rôle dans le fonctionnement des prairies." INRAE Productions Animales 25, no. 1 (March 31, 2012): 45–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.20870/productions-animales.2012.25.1.3196.
Full textHeu, Katy, and Mathilde Gendrin. "Le microbiote de moustique et son influence sur la transmission vectorielle." Biologie Aujourd'hui 212, no. 3-4 (2018): 119–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/jbio/2019003.
Full textBAGANAN, Sadia, My Dung JUSSELME, Vanessa ALPHONSE, Alexandre LIVET, Sabrina GUERIN RECHDAOUI, Anthnoy MARCONI, Vincent ROCHER, and Régis MOILLERON. "Évaluation de l’effet potentiel de rejets de station d’épuration désinfectés à l’acide performique (PFA) sur les communautés microbiennes du milieu récepteur." Techniques Sciences Méthodes, TSM 6/ 2024 (June 20, 2024): 39–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.36904/20240639.
Full textSADET-BOURGETEAU, S., and V. JULLIAND. "La diversité de l’écosystème microbien du tractus digestif équin." INRAE Productions Animales 25, no. 5 (December 10, 2012): 407–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.20870/productions-animales.2012.25.5.3228.
Full textMas-Pla, J., M. Boy-Roura, M. Petrovic, M. Villagrasa, I. Lekunberri, CM Borrego, A. Menció, D. Brusi, and R. Marcè. "Occurrence et devenir des polluants émergents (antibiotiques) dans un aquifère alluvial et leur influence sur les bactéries multi-résistantes (Bas-Fluvià, Catalogne)." La Houille Blanche, no. 1 (February 2018): 47–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/lhb/2018007.
Full textAzri, Yamina Mounia, Insaf Tou, and Meriem Sadi. "Effets de quelques paramètres physico chimiques sur l’électricité de Bromelia Vriesea via une PCM-P." Journal of Renewable Energies 20, no. 3 (September 30, 2017): 531–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.54966/jreen.v20i3.647.
Full textAjayi, A. A., G. O. Onipede, B. C. Okafor, K. A. Adepoju, and J. C. Nwabuenu. "Phenotypic identification of soil bacterial and fungal communities inhabiting an archaeological monument at Augustine University, Ilara Epe, southwest Nigeria." African Journal of Clinical and Experimental Microbiology 22, no. 4 (September 27, 2021): 473–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ajcem.v22i4.7.
Full textBesson, Jean. "L’héritage de l'esclavage La mémoire du sol en Jamaïque occidentale." Annales. Histoire, Sciences Sociales 59, no. 3 (June 2004): 569–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0395264900017728.
Full textTlili, A. "Le concept de tolérance induite des communautés microbiennes par la pollution : vers un nouvel outil de bio-indication des milieux." Techniques Sciences Méthodes, no. 11 (2012): 39–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/tsm/201211039.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Communautés microbiennes du sol"
Delmont, Tom. "Description des communautés microbiennes du sol par une approche métagénomique." Thesis, Ecully, Ecole centrale de Lyon, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011ECDL0048/document.
Full textMicrobial ecology is beginning to interact with metagenomics and many microbiologists are attracted to metagenomics in the hope of discovering novel relationships between microorganisms and/or confirming that work done on isolates applies to the remaining uncultured members of the different ecosystems. With a growing number of available metagenomic datasets, metagenomes can be intensively mined by microbial ecologists in search of previously undetected correlations (both structural and functional). Here, we provide a preliminary exploration of 77 publically available metagenomes corresponding to DNA samples extracted from oceans, atoll corals, deep oceans, Antarctic aquatic environments, Arctic snows, terrestrial environments (sediments, soils, sludges, microbial fuel cell anode biofilms, acid mine drainage biofilms), polluted air, and animal and human microbiomes (human feces, mouse and chicken cecum, and cow rumen). Results show well-defined environmental specificities that emphasize microbial adaptation and evolution capabilities. Unexpected observations were also made for several ecosystems, thus providing new hypotheses about the life style of their microbial communities. Available metagenomes are a gold mine of underexploited information that could be used to explore specific microbial structural and functional relationships. The statistical analysis provided here depends in part on replicates from the different ecosystems. With the continued emphasis on metagenomic sequencing, future analyses should support rigorous statistical treatment. This preliminary metagenomic decryption could represent a pilot-scale test for a future Earth microbiome global comparison
Tardy, Vincent. "Lien entre la diversité microbienne, la stabilité des communautés microbiennes et le turnover des matières organiques du sol." Thesis, Dijon, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014DIJOS081/document.
Full textSoil microbial communities act as important agents of the biological soil functioning, particularly through their involvements in the transformations of biogeochemical cycles (C, N, P…). In agro-ecosystems, the diversity of these communities is affected by perturbations associated to agricultural practices, and the significance of these modifications in terms of preservation of biological functioning and sustainability of agricultural systems has emerged as a central issue in the environmental sciences. Whereas the role of biodiversity has been well studied for macroorganisms, in particular for plants; the biodiversity/activity relationship is still largely unknown for soil microorganisms. However, in the current agro-ecological movement, this knowledge is needed to define new agricultural practices including a best management of microbial diversity for the sustainable use of agro-ecosystems. In this context, the objective of this Phd was to test the significance of microbial diversity for the stability (resistance/resilience) and the activity of microbial community (bacteria and fungi) involved in the turnover of soil organic matter, a major function for soil fertility, environment quality and global changes. From an experimental point of view, these issues were addressed by coupling laboratory with field experiments. In a first work, by manipulating microbial diversity in laboratory condition, we have shown that the stability of both microbial genetic structure and activity in response to different perturbations is positively linked to microbial diversity (i.e. number of species). This link was then validated by a sampling based on a field experiment that allowed us to demonstrate that (i) the soil microbial diversity can be modulated (increased or decreased) depending the intensity of land use management, and (ii) the mineralization of organic matter is more intense in the soil with the highest level of diversity. Finally, thanks to an experiment carried out in the field (SOERE-ACBB, Lusignan), we showed that the response of bacterial and fungal communities to wheat residues supply in terms of successions of microbial populations and activities of organic matter mineralization depends on the soil management history. These works provide new insights into the significance of microbial diversity (richness, composition) for the stability and the activity of communities involved in the soil organic matter turnover. They also suggest that the modulation of the diversity of soil microbial communities by agricultural practices, past or present, can significantly affect the turnover of soil organic matter
Alahmad, Abdelrahman. "La métagénomique, un outil pertinent pour évaluer l'impact de différentes pratiques agricoles sur les communautés microbiennes du sol." Thesis, Amiens, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017AMIE0038.
Full textAccording to demographic projections, world population will reach 9 billion people by 2050. This increase will be associated with higher demand of agricultural products and an increase in wastes production. Therefore, alternative approaches in agricultural practices; such as permanent plant cover usage and/or sewage sludge application, are envisaged to meet global demands and preserve the environment. These new practices could therefore influence the properties of the soil and its functioning. Therefore moving from intensive to ecologically intensive agriculture could lead to modifications in soil biodiversity. Using different experimental systems allowing comparison between different agricultural practices, studies of the taxonomic and functional soil microbial diversity (bacteria and fungi) had been undertaken. This was achieved by next generation high-throughput sequencing of the hypervariable regions of the genes encoding RNA16S and ITS1. Sequencing was performed using an Illumina platform and the sequences obtained were analyzed using various bioinformatic tools. We inferred the ecological roles of soil micro-organisms by using taxonomic identifications, moving on to the examination of their physiology and functions in comparison with different soil physiochemical properties. We found that nitrogen fertilization negatively impacted the soil microbial diversity and altered their functionality. These negative effects have been modulated by the PPC usage or SS application. Proving that conventional agricultural practices effects the soil biodiversity and can be replaced by ecofriendly farming applications in order to preserve the ecosystem and its services
Schimann, Heidy Maria. "Impacts de perturbations liées à l'orpaillage sur l'évolution des communautés et fonctionnalités microbiennes d'un sol." Phd thesis, ENGREF (AgroParisTech), 2005. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00001435.
Full textBourceret, Amélia. "Variabilité spatio-temporelle des HAP et des communautés microbiennes dans la rhizosphère d’un sol historiquement contaminé." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LORR0009/document.
Full textPolycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAH) are persistent organic pollutants in soil, whose degradation in aged-contaminated soil is limited by their low bioavailability. The ability of plants to promote pollutant dissipation through the action of rhizosphere microorganisms has been shown (rhizodegradation). However contrasted results were obtained suggesting spatio-temporal variability of processes. Different experiments, with different time and space scales, using microcosm and field trials were achieved to precise phenomena. Study of spatial variability of PAH and bacterial diversity were done in two-contrasted rhizospheres (ryegrass and alfalfa) at centimeter scale after 37 days of plant growth, on a wasteland aged contaminated soil Results showed spatial structuration of sugar content, pH, bacterial diversity and microbial density, depending on plant species, but no vertical gradient was observed for PAH concentration. Study of temporal variability of processes showed dissipation of bioavailable fraction of pollutant in just 6 days and in comparison with bare soil, a positive impact of plant was shown on PAH dissipation and on expression of PAH dioxygenase genes. A long-term study (over 6 years) in a field trial revealed that plant cover slowed down PAH dissipation and impacted bacterial and fungal diversity as edaphic parameters. All these results underlined the importance of PAH bioavailability for the dissipation process and of spatio-temporal dynamic of microbial community, in the rhizosphere
Kaisermann, Aurore. "Effets du changement du régime hydrique sur l'activité et la diversité des communautés microbiennes du sol." Paris 6, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA066100.
Full textZappelini, Cyril. "Étude des communautés microbiennes rhizosphériques de ligneux indigènes de sols anthropogéniques, issus d’effluents industriels." Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018UBFCD057/document.
Full textAbstractMy thesis subject includes one of the global projects of the UMR UFC/CNRS 6249 Chrono-Environnement entitled "phytoremediation strategies based on the use of trees and associated microorganisms", which is based, among other things, on 2 research projects:• the PROLIPHYT project (Eco-Industry programme, 2013-2018, ADEME) entitled "Production of woody phytoremediants",• the PHYTOCHEM project (ANR CD2i, 2013-2018) entitled "Development of eco-innovative chemical processes to exploit biomasses from phytotechnologies".The general objectives are to improve the phytoremediation potential of a panel of woody species and to develop the microbial potential for assisted phytoremediation on contaminated soil. In addition to limiting the impact of pollutants, this strategy aims to promote the production of biomass on land abandoned and not exploitable by agriculture, while ensuring the biodiversity needed to restore an anthropogenic ecosystem.My thesis work is financed through a ministerial doctoral contract for disability (dyslexia). It is based on the rehabilitation of two industrial sediment storage areas, used until the 2000s. These two experimental sites (INOVYN site of Saint-Symphorien-sur-Saône in Côte-d'Or, CRISTAL site of Ochsenfeld in Alsace) present very particular physico-chemical characteristics which make them privileged places of study. The first is a former settling lagoon whose sediments enriched in Hg, Ba and As come from the treatment of wastewater from SOLVAY's Hg electrolysis process. The second is a lagoon consisting of a backfill in which the titanium dioxide extraction residues from the CRISTAL Thann Plant have been stored since the 1930s. In contrast to the first experimental site, there is a low abundance of flora which results in heterogeneous development of a main woody species, the birch.The natural and spontaneous recolonisation of plants, more particularly woody species on both sites, is undoubtedly the result of close collaboration with telluric microorganisms located near their root systems. We have thus chosen to work on 3 pioneer species that have naturally relocated to the two study sites: willow and poplar for the industrial wasteland of Tavaux and birch for the effluent treatment unit at the Ochsenfeld site
Giacomazzi, Sophie. "Mise au point et validation des techniques d'évaluation des communautés microbiennes dans les milieux complexes de type sol." Compiègne, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002COMP1418.
Full textPascault, Noémie. "Réponse des communautés microbiennes du sol à l'apport de résidus de culture : influence des pratiques agricoles et lien avec le fonctionnement biologique du sol." Phd thesis, Université de Bourgogne, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00582567.
Full textMrad, Fida. "Décomposition de résidus de culture et de matériaux biosourcés : impact sur les communautés microbiennes des sols agricoles et les fonctions associées." Thesis, Normandie, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018NORMR109/document.
Full textWaste management is a major problem worldwide. In agriculture, the return of crop residues to the soil is a common practice and represents an interesting opportunity to maintain soil fertility and / or to store carbon. The decomposition of plant materials in soils is influenced by several factors (such as microbial composition, plant material’s nature and quality), and soil microorganisms are its main actors. Moreover, other ways of valorization of non-harvested plant materials are possible, such as their transformation for non-food applications. In the building industry, the interest in using biobased materials (for thermal insulation) is growing and encouraged by the public authorities in construction or renovation projects. However, to our knowledge, the issue of management of these materials end-of-life is not yet addressed, after deconstructing the buildings. In order to better understand different crop residues (wheat straw, rapeseed straw and sunflower stems) decomposition in agricultural soils, we have combined different biochemical / physicochemical characterizations such as biochemical fractionation, thermogravimetric analysis and infrared spectroscopy, with microbial dynamics monitoring (abundance, diversity, function), supplemented by carbon and nitrogen mineralization measures during 3 months incubation in microcosms. Crop residues mineralization is mainly governed by initially different microbiodiversities (derived from permanent grassland or conventional cropping system), and to a lesser extent by their biochemical quality. However, microbial dynamics are influenced by both, types of soils and nature of inputs. As for the sunflower stem coproducts (pith and bark), C mineralization is mainly dictated by their initial quality. Concerning the manufacturing process of a sunflower pith biobased material, it seems to favor its mineralization in soil. The return of this type of material to soil could thus constitute an interesting means of managing its end-of-life
Book chapters on the topic "Communautés microbiennes du sol"
GUYOMAR, Cervin, and Claire LEMAITRE. "Métagénomique et métatranscriptomique." In Des séquences aux graphes, 151–86. ISTE Group, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.51926/iste.9066.ch5.
Full textTAPIA MEDINA, Ariel Osvaldo. "Les langues « minoritaires dominicaines » : enjeux glottopolitiques." In Langue(s) en mondialisation, 205–14. Editions des archives contemporaines, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.17184/eac.5283.
Full textBoubin-Boyer, Sylvette. "Créoles et Kanak(s) calédoniens dans la Grande Guerre : expériences de la guerre et re-connaissance du sol natal. Les communautés calédoniennes dans la Première Guerre mondiale." In Minorités, identités régionales et nationales en guerre, 279–85. Presses universitaires de Rennes, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/books.pur.153750.
Full textReports on the topic "Communautés microbiennes du sol"
Chen, Z., S. E. Grasby, W. Yuan, M. Colpron, and X. Liu. Methodology study of geothermal resource evaluation using remote-sensing and ground-surface temperature data, Burwash Landing, Yukon – status and preliminary results. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/p15d0hqc2g.
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