Academic literature on the topic 'Commonwealth of Australia Constitution'

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Journal articles on the topic "Commonwealth of Australia Constitution"

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Lilienthal, Gary, and Nehaluddin Ahmad. "AUSTRALIAN ABORIGINAL HUMAN RIGHTS AND APPREHENDED BIAS: SKIRTING MAGNA CARTA PROTECTIONS?" Denning Law Journal 27 (November 16, 2015): 146–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.5750/dlj.v27i0.1104.

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The significance of this paper is in discussion of the wholesale obliteration of religious and other rights among Australian Aboriginal people, constituting a subspecies of continuing genocide. The Constitution of the Commonwealth of Australia states its directive on religion as follows.‘The Commonwealth shall not make any law for establishing any religion, or for imposing any religious observance, or for prohibiting the free exercise of any religion, and no religious test shall be required as a qualification for any office or public trust under the Commonwealth.’This constitutional section prohibits the making of laws, as stated, but does not prohibit administrative action imposing religious procedures. Neither does it prohibit official administrative action to restrain the free exercise of religion in Australia.
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Saunders, Cheryl. "Australian Federalism and the Role of the Governor-General." International Journal of Legal Information 28, no. 2 (2000): 407–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0731126500009185.

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Australia is both a federation and a constitutional monarchy. The Commonwealth of Australia Constitution Act 1900, which made the Australian Constitution law, refers to the establishment of the federation “under the Crown of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland.” In fact, however, since 1973, the appropriate style of the monarch in relation to Australia has been “Queen of Australia.” And ever since federation, the monarch has been represented in Australia by a Governor-General, who progressively has acquired a more significant role, in parallel with the acquisition of Australian independence.
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Kelly, Danial. "Natural Resources Law in Australia: Principles and Practices." Jambe Law Journal 1, no. 2 (July 12, 2019): 155–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.22437/jlj.1.2.155-176.

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What is the jurisprudential approach taken to Natural Resources Law in Australia? The ultimate source of law in Australia is Commonwealth of Australia Constitution Act however the Constitution does not specifically include an environment or natural resources power and the Commonwealth government can only make laws under the heads of power provided by the Constitution. This paper considers how natural resources law has developed as environmental protection law, especially the Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act. Also discussed is the approach taken by the Northern Territory of Australia in relation to natural resources law. The discussion unearths the developing jurisprudence in Australian natural resources law that seems to increasingly favour environmental protection over human development.
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Bond, Catherine. "Tobacco Plain Packaging in Australia: JT International v Commonwealth and Beyond." QUT Law Review 17, no. 2 (November 24, 2017): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5204/qutlr.v17i2.702.

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For as long as plain packaging legislation had been floated as an option for tobacco products, tobacco companies had threatened legal action against such a regime. Those threats became action when, two tobacco companies separately commenced litigation in the High Court of Australia claiming that the Tobacco Plain Packaging Act 2011 (Cth) breached section 51(xxxi) of the Australian Constitution. Yet, the Act survived that challenge and remains in force to this day. This article reviews the introduction of the Act and subsequent challenge, and closely analyses the judgments comprising the decision in JT International v Commonwealth. It then examines how plain packaging has operated in practice, including enforcement of the regime and unexpected legal issues arising from its application. This article concludes with a reflection on what the Commonwealth’s victory regarding plain packaging means for constitutional intellectual property issues more generally.
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Gray, Anthony. "The Protection of Voting Equality in Australia." Federal Law Review 44, no. 3 (September 2016): 557–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0067205x1604400309.

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This paper argues that the High Court should accept that the Commonwealth Constitution embraces the concept of voter equality, such that systems of malapportionment may be liable to constitutional challenge. Specifically, it argues that ss 7 and 24 of the Constitution create a system of representative government and representative democracy which require that elections be free and fair, and that a malapportionment could potentially interfere with the system of representative democracy which the Constitution requires. Recent case law reinforces notions of equality in ss 7 and 24, which can be applied in the context of voter equality.
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Selway, Justice B. M. "The Constitutional Role of the Queen of Australia." Common Law World Review 32, no. 3 (July 2003): 248–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/147377950303200302.

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When the Australian federation came into existence in 1901 the same King ruled throughout the British Empire. The Crown was indivisible. The Australian Commonwealth Constitution reflected that political and legal reality. That reality has undergone considerable change in the last century. The Empire no longer exists, although some of the former dominions and colonies remain monarchies. The Queen is now monarch of 15 separate and independent nations, including Australia. In so far as Australia is concerned, these developments raise a number of practical and constitutional issues. These issues relate both to the relationship of the Australian monarchy with those other monarchies which share the same Queen and to the role of the Australian monarch within the Australian federation. Some of those issues are explored in this paper.
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Rasnic, Carol Daugherty. "The Constitution of the Commonwealth of Australia." International Journal of Constitutional Law 14, no. 4 (October 2016): 1038–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icon/mow067.

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Hume, David, Andrew Lynch, and George Williams. "Heresy in the High Court? Federalism as a Constraint on Commonwealth Power." Federal Law Review 41, no. 1 (March 2013): 71–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.22145/flr.41.1.3.

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Williams v Commonwealth of Australia is a landmark decision of the High Court on the scope of federal executive power in s 61 of the Constitution. The decision is also important for the interpretive methodology adopted by the Court. Notably, each judge based their understanding of s 61 upon federal readings of the Constitution. This methodology raises fresh questions about how the Constitution is to be interpreted, and whether Williams marks a break from orthodox understandings of that task. This article assesses the significance of Williams for constitutional interpretation in Australia, and whether it lays the foundation for a more robust protection of state interests by the High Court.
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Jones, Timothy H. "Freedom of Political Communication in Australia." International and Comparative Law Quarterly 45, no. 2 (April 1996): 392–401. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020589300059042.

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In three important decisions,1 handed down on the same day in October 1994, the Australian High Court continued its exploration of the implied constitutional guarantee of freedom of political communication. Two years previously, in the judgments in Nationwide News Pty Ltd v. Wills2 and Australian Capital Television Pty Ltd v. The Commonwealth,3 a majority of the High Court had distilled an implication of freedom of political communication from the provisions and structure of the Australian Constitution.4 This was not an implication of freedom of expression generally, since it was derived from the concept of representative government which the majority considered to be enshrined in the Constitution: “not all speech can claim the protection of the constitutional implication of freedom … identified in order to ensure the efficacious working of representative democracy and government”.5 The extent of this implied constitutional guarantee was left rather unclear, since a number of different views were expressed. As Justice Toohey has now explained,6 there were two possibilities. The first was a more limited “implied freedom on the part of the people of the Commonwealth to communicate information, opinions and ideas relating to the system of representative government”. The second was a rather more expansive “freedom to communicate in relation to public affairs and political matters generally”. In the recent trilogy of cases a majority of the High Court was prepared to endorse the second of these alternatives.7 In Cunliffe v. The Commonwealth Chief Justice Mason concluded that it would be too restrictive to limit the implied freedom to “communications for the purposes of the political processes in a representative democracy”.8
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Cassidy, Julie. "Hollow Avowals of Human Rights Protection - Time for an Australian Federal Bill of Rights?" Deakin Law Review 13, no. 2 (December 1, 2008): 131. http://dx.doi.org/10.21153/dlr2008vol13no2art162.

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<p>Unlike the constitutions of many nations, such as the United States of America and the Republic of South Africa, the constitutions of the Australian States and Territories and the Commonwealth Constitution Act 1901 (UK) contain no bill of rights. Australia is the only western democracy without a federal bill of rights. The debate regarding the need for a bill of rights necessitates an understanding of what human rights the people of Australia already enjoy. If sufficient protection can be found in existing sources, does Australia really need a federal bill of rights? Opponents of a bill of rights state that we have sufficient protection from arbitrary government intervention in our personal affairs and thus a bill of rights is<br />unnecessary. There are a number of potential sources of human rights in Australia that might provide the suggested existing protection, including the common law, specific domestic legislation, international law and constitutional law. Each of these sources of human rights has, however,<br />important limitations. The focus of this article is on the inadequacy of the Australian constitutions as a source of purported protection. This in turn suggests that an alternative source of rights is needed – a federal bill of rights? In the course of this analysis the author makes suggestions for<br />reform; specifically how a federal bill of rights may address the paucity of constitutional protection.</p>
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Commonwealth of Australia Constitution"

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Aroney, Nicholas Theodore 1966. "The Federal Commonwealth of Australia : a study in the formation of its constitution." Monash University, Faculty of Law, 2001. http://arrow.monash.edu.au/hdl/1959.1/8864.

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McGrath, Frank Roland. "Intentions of the Framers of the Commonwealth of Australia Constitution." University of Sydney. History, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/850.

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The thesis examines the speeches and debates in the Australasian Federation Conference of 1890, and the Australasian Federal Conventions of 1891 and 1897-8 for the purpose of establishing what the framers of the Commonwealth Constitution understood to be the meaning and purpose of the individual sections of the Constitution upon which they were called upon either to support or oppose. The particular matters involved in the examination are the manner and form in which the principles of responsible government were incorporated into the constitution, and the relationship of these principles to the powers of the Senate; the crisis in the 1891 Convention in relation to the powers of the Senate over money bills; the significance of the difference in composition of the Convention of 1891 compared with that of 1897-8; the significance of the classification of the Constitution as an indissoluble federation under the Crown; the principles of responsible government and the provisions of s.57 in the context of the deadlock over Supply in 1975; the meaning and purpose of s.41 preserving the rights of voters qualified to vote in State elections for the lower Houses, and the misconceptions in relation thereto the position of aborigines under the Constitution; the meaning and purpose of the special laws power in the light of the 1967 Constitutional referendum, and its interpretation bU the High Court in the Hindmarsh Island Bridge case; the relationship of the intentions of the framers of the Constitution to the interpretation bu the High Court of the Financial Clauses of the Constitution, and the provisions of s.92; and the meaning and purpose of the external affairs power, and the corporations power as understood bu the framers of the Constitution.
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McGrath, Frank Roland. "Intentions of the Framers of the Commonwealth of Australia Constitution." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/850.

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The thesis examines the speeches and debates in the Australasian Federation Conference of 1890, and the Australasian Federal Conventions of 1891 and 1897-8 for the purpose of establishing what the framers of the Commonwealth Constitution understood to be the meaning and purpose of the individual sections of the Constitution upon which they were called upon either to support or oppose. The particular matters involved in the examination are the manner and form in which the principles of responsible government were incorporated into the constitution, and the relationship of these principles to the powers of the Senate; the crisis in the 1891 Convention in relation to the powers of the Senate over money bills; the significance of the difference in composition of the Convention of 1891 compared with that of 1897-8; the significance of the classification of the Constitution as an indissoluble federation under the Crown; the principles of responsible government and the provisions of s.57 in the context of the deadlock over Supply in 1975; the meaning and purpose of s.41 preserving the rights of voters qualified to vote in State elections for the lower Houses, and the misconceptions in relation thereto the position of aborigines under the Constitution; the meaning and purpose of the special laws power in the light of the 1967 Constitutional referendum, and its interpretation bU the High Court in the Hindmarsh Island Bridge case; the relationship of the intentions of the framers of the Constitution to the interpretation bu the High Court of the Financial Clauses of the Constitution, and the provisions of s.92; and the meaning and purpose of the external affairs power, and the corporations power as understood bu the framers of the Constitution.
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McGrath, Frank Roland. "The intentions of the framers of the Commonwealth of Australia Constitution in the context of the debates at the Australasian Federation Conference of 1890, and the Australasian Federal Conventions of 1891 and 1897-8 The understanding of the framers of the Constitution as to the meaning and purpose of the provisions of the Constitution which they debated at these assemblies /." Connect to full text, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/850.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Sydney, 2001.
Title from title screen (viewed Apr. 24, 2008). Submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy to the Dept. of History, Faculty of Arts. Degree awarded 2001; thesis submitted 2000. Includes bibliography and of tables of cases. Also available in print form.
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Hopper, Alvin W. L., and n/a. "A critical examination of Australian constitutional law relating to territories and to places acquired by the Commonwealth (including a comparison with United States Law)." University of Canberra. Law, 2005. http://erl.canberra.edu.au./public/adt-AUC20060427.091040.

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This thesis examines the constitutional position in relation to those geographical areas over which the Commonwealth has sole power. These are the Territories, and Commonwealth places (over which, however, the States may retain some vestigial power). The thesis seeks to give a comprehensive account of the constitutional law concerning these heads of power. The thesis traces the tortuous history of the case law on the Territories, with its many instances of inconsistent decisions and dicta. In the words of a High Court Judge, Sir Douglas Menzies, the cases have "not resulted in a coherent body of doctrine". The problems have been particularly acute in regard to the exercise of judicial power, and they are compounded by the silence of the Constitution on some major issues concerning the Territories, such as the relationship between the 'Territories' power and the Constitution as a whole. The thesis' main contention is that, contrary to predominant doctrine, the constitutional position of the Territories and of Commonwealth places is federal, not 'disparate'. In this connection, several tenets are advanced: first, that the Constitution must be interpreted as a whole�that is, as a single instrument; secondly, that the Territories are an integral part of Australia, and their inhabitants, while not enjoying all the constitutional benefits of State residents, are full members of the Australian community; and thirdly, that there is no constitutional distinction to be drawn between different classes of Territory�thus, despite some contrary suggestions, there is no distinction between 'internal' and 'external' Territories or between Territories acquired from the States and Territories otherwise acquired. The thesis explores the particular difficulties, notably in the judicial sphere, that arise from the relevant case law, and it critically examines the cases against the text of the Constitution, as well as against the yardstick of those tenets. With regard to the Territories, the thesis analyses the constitutional topics of executive power and self-government. It considers particular issues concerning each of the three self-governing Territories, including the special status of the Australian Capital Territory as the federal "seat of government". In addition, the thesis looks at the constitutional position in the United States concerning Territories, federal enclaves and the American seat of government (the District of Columbia). The thesis draws a comparison between the American position and the corresponding position in Australia, and it critically considers the judicial interpretation, in both countries, of the constitutional grant to the federal legislature of exclusive, or sole, power over such geographical areas. This process assists an evaluation of the Australian position. The thesis concludes that, in some respects, the Australian case law has gone seriously astray, especially in treating the 'Territories' power as more or less separate from the rest of the Constitution. This judicial approach has led to a convoluted and confusing situation. Despite a degree of amelioration as a result of some more recent cases, the corrective process is by no means complete. The courts are hampered in their development of a "coherent body of doctrine" by the random way in which cases come before them, and it is unlikely that the position can be fully retrieved solely by judicial decisions. The thesis therefore proposes various reforms, and it sets out, in an appendix, proposed amendments of the Constitution. In addition to expounding and criticising the case law on the constitutional topics under discussion, the thesis reviews and, where appropriate, cites from the relevant legal literature. The thesis considers the Australian case law as decided down to the end of 2004.
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Johnson, Laurel Eva. "The Commonwealth response to organised crime." Thesis, Canberra, ACT : The Australian National University, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/109601.

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Australia is a federation where the Commonwealth has no direct power over crime. What power the Commonwealth has in the area of crime derives mainly from the operation of the implied incidental power adhering to the express powers in section 51 of the Australian Constitution and from the express incidental power, placitum 51(xxxix). Other constitutional powers, such as subsection 52(1), exclusive, plenary power in relation to Commonwealth places, section 119. protection of the states against domestic violence and section 122, plenary power in relation to territories, may be called into play in appropriate situations. There is also some role for the inherent national power.
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Hartford, Davis Sebastian Howard. "The legal personality of the Commonwealth of Australia." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2016. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:8453fe3f-7acf-4f1e-a786-267a9303203b.

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The thesis explores the legal personality of the Commonwealth of Australia under the Constitution of the Commonwealth of Australia, against the background of constitutional litigation in the High Court of Australia, current to 1 February 2016. It assesses that jurisprudence alongside a wider enquiry into state and corporate personality, with some relevant comparative analysis of UK, Imperial, Canadian and New Zealand materials. The thesis advances the positive claim that the Constitution created a legal person, called the Commonwealth'. In order properly to understand the nature of this legal person, as a matter of domestic law, it is necessary to discriminate between the legal or 'constitutional person' formally constituted by the Constitution, and the Commonwealth of Australia conceived more widely as a 'government', or as a 'nation'/'political community'. There is a recent tendency in judgments of the High Court of Australia to suppose either that the Commonwealth (government), or the Commonwealth (nation), is a legal person. This thesis argues that both notions are wrong. The theory that the Commonwealth (government) is a legal person forms a primary focus in this regard. Primary governmental institutions in Australia are constituted by law as entities or groups, which perform functions of importance to the legal system but which do not have and cannot form legal relations. Such institutions are sometimes described as 'organs', 'branches', 'aspects' or 'facets' of a 'polity' or 'body politic', which is a legal person. These are words of fluid meaning, but which carry the flavour of the Hobbesian state: a sense that the 'Commonwealth' is a legal person incorporating every aspect of 'its' power and authority, and embracing all those who act on 'its' behalf. The thesis argues that this theory and its associated terminology misrepresent the nature and extent of the Commonwealth's legal personality. The thesis advances correlative negative claims: the Commonwealth (government) is not a legal person, and the Commonwealth (constitutional person) is not the government. The terms 'polity' and 'body politic' are often also used to describe the Commonwealth (nation), as distinct from the Commonwealth (government), sometimes with the implication that the Commonwealth (nation) is a legal person. The thesis advances reasons for rejecting this theory, whilst acknowledging that any such theory depends to a significant degree on what definition is adopted of the concept of 'nation'. Thus, the thesis argues that the legal person known as the 'Commonwealth' must not be confused with other significations of the word. The thesis contends for a narrower theory: the government and the nation are not legal persons, and must be distinguished from the Commonwealth (constitutional person). The narrow theory aligns with English antecedents, and avoids the conceptual problems otherwise thrown up by the need to explain how the amorphous interests, natural and artificial persons, offices, institutions and powers that are identified with the government or nation of Australia could rationally be understood as emanating from a single legal person. For legal purposes, neither the government nor the nation is treated as a unified legal personality. Rather, in different ways, both the government and the nation are constructed or comprised of a multitude of legal persons, one of which is the Commonwealth (constitutional person).
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Magnussen, Amanda, and n/a. "The development of virtual libraries in Commonwealth libraries in Australia." University of Canberra. Information Management & Tourism, 2002. http://erl.canberra.edu.au./public/adt-AUC20060829.130944.

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This research examines the development of virtual libraries in Commonwealth libraries in Australia in 1998-1999. The background to the study lies in some of the current issues in the information sector, and government responses to those issues. The study begins by considering the nature of the Australian Commonwealth Government, reviewing what government libraries are and whom they serve, and examining the future trends expected to affect Commonwealth libraries. The current state of virtual library research is then reviewed, and the need for research in the Commonwealth library sector examined. The author reviews the virtual library concept as expressed in the literature in the field, determines what a virtual library is, and gives consideration to why virtual libraries are being developed. The issues that affect and are affected by virtual library development are then examined. Based on this, a model of virtual libraries is formulated, along with a brief consideration of the possible application, importance and problems associated with each element of the model. The research design and methods that were used to gather information for this study are then outlined, along with the inherent limitations of the research model. Following this, the findings from a survey of virtual library development in Commonwealth libraries are discussed. The author then conducts some analysis of these responses, and makes comparisons between different Commonwealth library responses, as well as comparisons with virtual library studies conducted in American and Australian academic libraries. The research concludes by attempting to reach some conclusions about Commonwealth virtual library development and the validity of the proposed model of virtual libraries. Flowing from this, recommendations are made for further research in this field.
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Scott, Guy. "Resisting liberalism : social democracy and the Australian constitution /." [St. Lucia, Qld.], 2005. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe19282.pdf.

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Trenorden, Geoff. "The Deakinite myth exposed : other accounts of constitution-makers, constitutions and citizenship /." Access via Murdoch University Digital Theses Project, 2005. http://wwwlib.murdoch.edu.au/adt/browse/view/adt-MU20060502.151040.

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Books on the topic "Commonwealth of Australia Constitution"

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Harrison, Moore W. The Constitution of the Commonwealth of Australia. Sydney: Legal Books, 1997.

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Moens, Gabrië̈l. Lumb & Moens' The constitution of the Commonwealth of Australia annotated. 7th ed. Sydney: LexisNexis Butterworths, 2007.

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D, Lumb R., ed. The Constitution of the Commonwealth of Australia annotated. 4th ed. Sydney: Butterworths, 1986.

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Australia. The Constitution of the Commonwealth of Australia annotated. 5th ed. Sydney: Butterworths, 1995.

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The constitution of a federal commonwealth: The making and meaning of the Australian constitution. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2009.

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Australia. Lumb & Moens' the Constitution of the Commonwealth of Australia annotated. 6th ed. Chatswood, N.S.W: Butterworths, 2001.

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Bröhmer, Jürgen. The German Constitution turns 60: Basic law and commonwealth Constitution : German and Australian perspectives. Frankfurt am Main: Peter Lang, 2011.

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John, Quick. The annotated constitution of the Australian Commonwealth. Chatswood, NSW: LexisNexis Butterworths, 2015.

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John, Quick. The annotated constitution of the Australian Commonwealth. Sydney: Legal Books, 1995.

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The Australian Commonwealth: A fundamental analysis of its constitution. Sydney: Law Book, 1985.

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Book chapters on the topic "Commonwealth of Australia Constitution"

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Saunders, Cheryl. "Australia (Commonwealth of Australia)." In The Forum of Federations Handbook of Federal Countries 2020, 29–39. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-42088-8_3.

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Frahm, Michael. "Australia: Commonwealth Ombudsman." In Australasia and Pacific Ombudsman Institutions, 101–16. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-33896-0_7.

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Wilding, Michael. "Australia." In The Commonwealth Novel Since 1960, 19–32. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-64112-3_2.

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Scott, Allen J. "The Urban Commonwealth." In The Constitution of the City, 215–35. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-61228-7_10.

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Jaensch, Dean. "The Australian Constitution." In The Politics of Australia, 43–66. London: Macmillan Education UK, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-15148-6_3.

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Edgar, Brendan, and Sally Stephens. "Commonwealth legislation relevant to reptiles and amphibians." In Herpetology in Australia, 39–42. P.O. Box 20, Mosman NSW 2088, Australia: Royal Zoological Society of New South Wales, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.7882/rzsnsw.1993.006.

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Smith, Philippa Mein. "The Evolution of the Australia–New Zealand Relationship." In Reconstituting the Constitution, 375–86. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-21572-8_20.

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McDougall, Derek. "Australia and New Zealand: the pandemic Down Under." In COVID-19 in the Commonwealth, 111–28. London: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003341291-9.

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James, Colin. "Waltzing Matilda (or Not): New Zealand’s Constitutional Relationship With Australia." In Reconstituting the Constitution, 367–73. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-21572-8_19.

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Edwards, Alaster, and Christopher Findlay. "Australia-Commonwealth Ties in the Minerals Sector." In The GeoJournal Library, 315–23. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-2012-8_17.

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Conference papers on the topic "Commonwealth of Australia Constitution"

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Miller-Yeaman, Renee. "Producing the House: The Commonwealth Experimental Building Station and Housing Research." In The 38th Annual Conference of the Society of Architectural Historians Australia and New Zealand. online: SAHANZ, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.55939/a3995ptgqb.

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Established during the Second World War, the Commonwealth Experimental Building Station (CEBS) researched new building technologies with an emphasis on housing construction. The CEBS experimented with materials and design prototypes in collaboration with both industry and the Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), which later became the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO). Based in North Ryde, Sydney, the CEBS was associated with the Department of Post-War Reconstruction during the Second World War and then moved to the Department of Works and Housing. The paper introduces the CEBS’s initial aims through its housing research and design experimentation with built prototypes in Sydney during the 1940s. This research into house design, positioned at the edge of innovation, is situated in the wider housing context of the period. Federally funded building research was predicated by the Commonwealth of Australia’s housing shortage during and extending beyond the Second World War. Due to a lack of traditional materials such as bricks and timber from the war effort, the agency trialled developing low-cost, prefabricated concrete and steel houses. These housing experiments are considered in connection to cultural framings of home and its physicality in circulation at the time. After the Second World War, the detached suburban house gained momentum in the political and cultural vernacular as the ideal house for ownership. By examining the CEBS’s activities in connection to this background, the paper asks how the nation-state developed mass-production systems to enable government-sponsored agencies to produce more housing for more people but also how understandings of house and home surround and influence innovation in design.
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Brooker, Jennifer, and Daniel Vincent. "The Australian Veterans' Scholarship Program (AVSP) Through a Career Construction Paradigm." In Tenth Pan-Commonwealth Forum on Open Learning. Commonwealth of Learning, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.56059/pcf10.4380.

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In Australia, 6000 military personnel leave the military each year, of whom at least 30% become unemployed and 19% experience underemployment, figures five times higher than the national average (Australian Government 2020). Believed to be one of life's most intense transitions, veterans find it difficult to align their military skills and knowledge to the civilian labour market upon leaving military service (Cable, Cathcart and Almond 2021; AVEC 2020). // Providing authentic opportunities that allow veterans to gain meaningful employment upon (re)entering civilian life raises their capability to incorporate accrued military skills, knowledge, and expertise. Despite acknowledging that higher education is a valuable transition pathway, Australia has no permanently federally funded post-service higher education benefit supporting veterans to improve their civilian employment prospects. Since World War II, American GIs have accessed a higher education scholarship program (tuition fees, an annual book allowance, monthly housing stipend) (Defense 2019). A similar offering is available in Canada, the UK, and Israel. // We are proposing that the AVSP would be the first comprehensive, in-depth study investigating the ongoing academic success of Australia's modern veterans as they study higher and vocational education. It consists of four distinct components: // Scholarships: transitioning/separated veterans apply for one of four higher education scholarship options (under/postgraduate): 100% tuition fees waived // $750/fortnight living stipend for the degree duration // 50/50 tuition/living stipend // Industry-focused scholarships. // Research: LAS Consulting, Open Door, Flinders University, over seven years, will follow the scholarship recipients to identify which scholarship option is the most relevant/beneficial for Australian veterans. The analysis of the resultant quantitative and qualitative data will demonstrate that providing federal financial support to student veterans studying higher education options: Improves the psychosocial and economic outcomes for veterans // Reduces the need for financial and medical support of participants // Reduces the national unemployed and underemployed statistics for veterans // Provides a positive return of investment (ROI) to the funder // May increase Australian Defence Force (ADF) recruitment and retention rates // Career Construction: LAS Consulting will sit, listen, guide, and help build an emotional connection around purpose, identity, education and employment opportunities back into society. So, the veteran can move forward, crystalise a life worth living, and find their authentic self, which is led by their values in the civilian world. // Mentoring: Each participant receives a mentor throughout their academic journey.
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Waggitt, Peter, and Mike Fawcett. "Completion of the South Alligator Valley Remediation: Northern Territory, Australia." In ASME 2009 12th International Conference on Environmental Remediation and Radioactive Waste Management. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2009-16198.

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13 uranium mines operated in the South Alligator Valley of Australia’s Northern Territory between 1953 and 1963. At the end of operations the mines, and associated infrastructure, were simply abandoned. As this activity preceded environmental legislation by about 15 years there was neither any obligation, nor attempt, at remediation. In the 1980s it was decided that the whole area should become an extension of the adjacent World Heritage, Kakadu National Park. As a result the Commonwealth Government made an inventory of the abandoned mines and associated facilities in 1986. This established the size and scope of the liability and formed the framework for a possible future remediation project. The initial program for the reduction of physical and radiological hazards at each of the identified sites was formulated in 1989 and the works took place from 1990 to 1992. But even at this time, as throughout much of the valley’s history, little attention was being paid to the long term aspirations of traditional land owners. The traditional Aboriginal owners, the Gunlom Land Trust, were granted freehold Native Title to the area in 1996. They immediately leased the land back to the Commonwealth Government so it would remain a part of Kakadu National Park, but under joint management. One condition of the lease required that all evidence of former mining activity be remediated by 2015. The consultation, and subsequent planning processes, for a final remediation program began in 1997. A plan was agreed in 2003 and, after funding was granted in 2005, works implementation commenced in 2007. An earlier paper described the planning and consultation stages, experience involving the cleaning up of remant uranium mill tailings and other mining residues; and the successful implementation of the initial remediation works. This paper deals with the final planning and design processes to complete the remediation programme, which is due to occur in 2009. The issues of final containment design and long term stewardship are addressed in the paper as well as some comments on lessons learned through the life of the project.
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Steen, Tangikina Moimoi, Tomote Katoanga, Matelita Tauga, Soana Kaitapu, Taisia Ma'u, and Ian Reid. "A Multimodal Education Response to the Resilience Challenge in Tonga." In Tenth Pan-Commonwealth Forum on Open Learning. Commonwealth of Learning, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.56059/pcf10.8738.

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Tonga is a small island nation in the Pacific. While it has been COVID free, it is susceptible to many natural disasters, such as the recent Tsunami and earthquake. Resilience is a fundamental requirement of the Tongan education system which has been partially addressed with accelerated use of technology and open, distance, and online learning, broadening access to quality education. // Supported by a grant from the Global Partnership for Education (GPE), the Tonga Ministry of Education and Training (MET) partnered with Inclusiv Education, UNICEF, Save the Children Australia, and Kaltura. The MET took an evidence-based approach. Two National school closure days were trialled to evaluate the viability of multimodal teaching approaches during future school closures brought about by Covid-19 or other emergencies. // In this way Tonga has now started to build a resilient education system, addressing issues of learning loss due to school closures and increasing equitable access to technology for teaching and learning. // This paper reports on the National level educational resilience project implemented in 2021, based on the research carried out in 2020, to deliver a comprehensive multimodal and flexible approach to education, encompassing print, radio, television and online delivery.
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Aktaruzzaman, Md. "Blended Education Framework for All: Bridging Developing and Developed Country Education Ecosystems." In Tenth Pan-Commonwealth Forum on Open Learning. Commonwealth of Learning, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.56059/pcf10.9103.

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Blended education theorists and practitioners have argued about the requirement for a framework to be comprehensive in a way that can explicate many of the activities by the various actors of the education ecosystem – learners, teachers, communities, eduverses, institutions, administration – associated with blended education in both developing and developed countries. Currently, Community of Inquiry (CoI), Complex Adaptive Blended Learning System (CABLS), and Khan’s Octagonal eLearning Model are the most prominent frameworks, yet they still do not offer an all-inclusive framework for blended education that can facilitate implementation from theory in different socio-economic echelons and educational strata. This paper provides a review of the existing literature on blended learning and identifies potential gaps in going from theory to implementation. Building on Chowdhury’s (2021) work at the World Economic Forum, a Blended Education Framework for All (BEFA) is proposed as a means to explicate blended education operations and practices at the individual, community, institutional and national levels, leaving no one behind. It also presents evidence of the necessity of a comprehensive framework such as the BEFA from a larger study conducted into the blended education ecosystem of Bangladesh and Australia.
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Jones, William D., and Robert M. Huffaker. "Summary of CSIRO/NASA Backscatter Measurements." In Coherent Laser Radar. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/clr.1987.wb2.

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From mid-May to mid-June, 1986, NASA’s Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC), Huntsville, AL and the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO), Division of Atmospheric Research, Aspendale, Victoria, Australia conducted a cooperative airborne atmospheric measurement program to determine aerosol size, concentration, and chemical composition, and to determine the atmospheric backscatter coefficient (β(π)) at CO2 laser wavelengths (10.6 μm).
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Burvill, Colin R., and William P. Lewis. "Maximising Opportunities for Collaboration Between Universities and Small to Medium Size Enterprises." In ASME 2001 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2001/ied-21209.

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Abstract This paper is about collaborative relationships between manufacturing industry and universities in Australia, with particular reference to small to medium size enterprises (SME’s) because of their prevalence and their importance to the economies of industrialised countries. To put local conditions in perspective, it should be recorded that the annual output of Australian manufacturing industry currently is in excess of $100 billion (Australian dollars) of which 30% is exported [1]. The role of the Government in promoting collaboration between industry and universities, and the associated knowledge transfer, is exemplified by a senior body sponsored by the Australian Commonwealth Government.
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Harper, Glenn. "Becoming Ultra-Civic: The Completion of Queen’s Square, Sydney 1962-1978." In The 38th Annual Conference of the Society of Architectural Historians Australia and New Zealand. online: SAHANZ, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.55939/a4009pijuv.

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Declaring in the late 1950s that Sydney City was in much need of a car free civic square, Professor Denis Winston, Australia’s first chair in town and country planning at the University of Sydney, was echoing a commonly held view on how to reconfigure the city for a modern-day citizen. Queen’s Square, at the intersection of Macquarie Street and Hyde Park, first conceived in 1810 by Governor Lachlan Macquarie, remained incomplete until 1978 when it was developed as a pedestrian only plaza by the NSW Government Architect under a different set of urban intentions. By relocating the traffic bound statue of Queen Victoria (1888) onto the plaza and demolishing the old Supreme Court complex (1827), so that nearby St James’ Church (1824) could becoming freestanding alongside a new multi-storey Commonwealth Supreme Court building (1975), by the Sydney-based practise of McConnel Smith and Johnson, the civic and social ambition of this pedestrian space was assured. Now somewhat overlooked in the history of Sydney’s modern civic spaces, the adjustment in the design of this square during the 1960s translated the reformed urban design agenda communicated in CIAM 8, the heart of the city (1952), a post-war treatise developed and promoted by the international architect and polemicist, Josep Lluis Sert. This paper examines the completion of Queen’s Square in 1978. Along with the symbolic role of the project, that is, to provide a plaza as a social instrument in humanising the modern-day city, this project also acknowledged the city’s colonial settlement monuments beside a new law court complex; and in a curious twist in fate, involving curtailing the extent of the proposed plaza so that the colonial Supreme Court was retained, the completion of Queen’s Square became ultra – civic.
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Carter, Nanette. "The Sleepout." In The 38th Annual Conference of the Society of Architectural Historians Australia and New Zealand. online: SAHANZ, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.55939/a3999pm4i5.

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Going to bed each night in a sleepout—a converted verandah, balcony or small free-standing structure was, for most of the 20th century, an everyday Australian experience, since homes across the nation whether urban, suburban, or rural, commonly included a space of this kind. The sleepout was a liminal space that was rarely a formal part of a home’s interior, although it was often used as a semi-permanent sleeping quarter. Initially a response to the discomfort experienced during hot weather in 19th century bedrooms and encouraged by the early 20th century enthusiasm for the perceived benefits of sleeping in fresh air, the sleepout became a convenient cover for the inadequate supply of housing in Australian cities and towns and provided a face-saving measure for struggling rural families. Acceptance of this solution to over-crowding was so deep and so widespread that the Commonwealth Government built freestanding sleepouts in the gardens of suburban homes across Australia during the crisis of World War II to house essential war workers. Rather than disappearing at the war’s end, these were sold to homeowners and occupied throughout the acute post-war housing shortage of the 1940s and 1950s, then used into the 1970s as a space for children to play and teenagers to gain some privacy. This paper explores this common feature of Australian 20th century homes, a regional tradition which has not, until recently, been the subject of academic study. Exploring the attitudes, values and policies that led to the sleepout’s introduction, proliferation and disappearance, it explains that despite its ubiquity in the first three-quarters of the 20th century, the sleepout slipped from Australia’s national consciousness during a relatively brief period of housing surplus beginning in the 1970s. As the supply of affordable housing has declined in the 21st century, the free-standing sleepout or studio has re-emerged, housing teenagers of low-income families.
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Linton, Valerie, Bente Helen Leinum, Robert Newton, and Olav Fyrileiv. "CO2SAFE-ARREST: A Full-Scale Burst Test Research Program for Carbon Dioxide Pipelines — Part 1: Project Overview and Outcomes of Test 1." In 2018 12th International Pipeline Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2018-78517.

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Transport of anthropogenic carbon dioxide in pipelines from capture site to storage site forms an important link in the overall Carbon Capture, Transport and Storage (CCTS) scheme. The thermodynamic properties of CO2 are different from those of other gases such as natural gas that are transported in pipelines. Recent full-scale burst tests from the projects SARCO2 and COOLTRANS indicated significant variations in correction factors necessary to predict the arrest of a running ductile fracture. In addition, CO2 can be a potential hazard to human and animal life and the environment. While consequence distances of natural gas pipelines are well established and documented in standards, this is not the case with CO2. The research focused CO2SAFE-ARREST joint industry project (JIP) aims to (1) investigate the fracture propagation and arrest characteristics of anthropogenic CO2 carrying high strength steel pipelines, and (2) to investigate the dispersion of CO2 following its release into the atmosphere. The participants are DNV GL (Norway) and Energy Pipelines CRC (Australia). The project is funded by the Norwegian CLIMIT and the Commonwealth Government of Australia. The joint investigation commenced in 2016 and will continue to 2019. The experimental part of the project involves two full-scale fracture propagation tests using X65, 610mm (24“) pipe and two 6″ shock tube tests, with all tests filled with a dense phase CO2/N2 mixture. The full-scale tests were made up of 8 pipe lengths each, with nominal wall thicknesses of 13.5 mm and 14.5mm. The dispersion of the carbon dioxide from the full-scale test sections was measured through an array of sensors downwind of the test location. The tests were conducted in 2017/2018 at Spadeadam, UK. Following a short review of the background and outcomes of previous CO2 full-scale burst tests, this paper provides insight on the aims of the overall experimental program along with summary results from the first full-scale fracture propagation test, carried out in September 2017. Two companion papers provide further details on the first test. The first companion paper [IPC2018-78525] discusses the selection of pipe material properties for the test and the detailed fracture propagation test results. The second companion paper [IPC2018-78530] provides information on the dispersion of the CO2 from the first full-scale test, along with numerical modelling of the dispersion.
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Reports on the topic "Commonwealth of Australia Constitution"

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Playford, P. E. State and Commonwealth geoscience agencies in Australia: their roles and functions. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/193512.

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Commonwealth Bank of Australia - Premises - Townsville - Exterior. Reserve Bank of Australia, March 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.47688/rba_archives_pn-000538.

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Commonwealth Bank of Australia - Branches - Interior (plate 535). Reserve Bank of Australia, March 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.47688/rba_archives_pn-015980.

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Commonwealth Bank of Australia - Branches - Interior (plate 536). Reserve Bank of Australia, March 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.47688/rba_archives_pn-015981.

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Commonwealth Bank of Australia - Premises - Wangaratta - Exterior - 1931. Reserve Bank of Australia, March 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.47688/rba_archives_pn-000562.

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Commonwealth Bank of Australia - Premises - Wangaratta - Exterior - 1931. Reserve Bank of Australia, March 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.47688/rba_archives_pn-000561.

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Commonwealth Bank of Australia - Premises - Darwin - Construction - 1939. Reserve Bank of Australia, March 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.47688/rba_archives_pn-002693.

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Commonwealth Bank of Australia - Branches - Wollongong - Interior (plate 25). Reserve Bank of Australia, March 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.47688/rba_archives_pn-000568.

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Premises - Head Office - Commonwealth Bank of Australia - Interior - Strongroom. Reserve Bank of Australia, September 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.47688/rba_archives_pn-010814.

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Commonwealth Bank of Australia - Adelaide - Premises - Banking Chamber - 1935. Reserve Bank of Australia, March 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.47688/rba_archives_pn-000011.

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