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Academic literature on the topic 'Common sanitary practices'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 28 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Common sanitary practices"

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Mukhtar, Rabia, Aman-Ur Rehman, Anum Ilyas, Momina Jahangir, Rajia Liaqat, and Gohar Ali Khan. "Contraceptive Use and Sanitary Napkin’s Types in Relation to Bacterial Vaginosis among Reproductive Age Females." Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences 16, no. 3 (March 26, 2022): 100–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.53350/pjmhs22163100.

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Background: Bacterial vaginosis (BV) has been proposed as the most common vaginal disease among women of childbearing age as an adjunct to the development of cervical cancer. Previous studies of the relationship between BV and contraceptive use with sanitary practices as determinants have provided inconsistent and conflicting results. Aim: To determine the frequency of Bacterial vaginosis & find its association with contraceptive use and sanitary practices along marital status. Study Design: Cross sectional analytical study Place and duration of study: Department of Gynaecology, Sh. Zayed Hospital Lahore from 01-01-2016 to 31-10- 2016. Methodology: Two hundred and ninety six women of reproductive age group with complaint of vaginal discharge attending were enrolled. Proper history regarding age, marital status, use of contraceptive methods and sanitary practices was taken. Results: Disease prevalence was found to be 18.9%. Bacterial vaginosis was associated with age, type of sanitary napkins, and method of contraception, with adjusted odds ratios of 47.45, 279.9 and 172.0. However no association was found between the disease and marital status (as independent risk factor). Conclusion: Not using contraception and type of sanitary napkins are strongly related to occurrence of bacterial vaginosis in women of reproductive age group with vaginal discharge. Key words: Bacterial vaginosis, Pap smear, Contraceptive methods, Sanitary napkin use
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Nelapati, Sherly S. "Knowledge, attitude, and practices assessment of menstrual cycle and management of menstrual hygiene among adolescent girls." International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 9, no. 3 (February 28, 2022): 1453. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20220712.

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Background: Menstruation is a phenomenon which is cyclic shedding of endometrium and is the most important physical change that occurs among girls during adolescence. In India, lack of safe sanitary facilities and narrow approach to products of sanitary hygiene lead to increase in adopting unhygienic practices in managing menstruation. The objectives of this study were: to enumerate the common menstrual morbidities among girls; to study the knowledge and attitude toward menstruation among adolescent girls; to elicit their health‑seeking behavior regarding menstrual health; and to study the practices of menstrual hygiene among adolescent girls.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in a tertiary care hospital, located in Vijaywada, June 2019 to April 2020 by interviewing 417 adolescent school girls in using a semi‑structured questionnaire.Results: The mean age and standard deviation of girls included in the study were 14.7±2.69 years. 62.6% girls had the right perception about menstruation as a normal physiological process. Only 33.6% of girls knew about menstruation before menarche. 32% of girls answered that they were scared when they attained first menarche. 50.6% girls knew that infection would occur if they do not clean their vagina regularly during menstruation.78% of girls used sanitary pads during menstruation. Dysmenorrhea, 58% is the common menstrual morbidity. Only 11% girls said that they had no restrictions during menstruation.Conclusions: The girls interviewed, are of unsatisfactory knowledge and markable good practices regarding menstrual health.
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Kala, Karthika, Binu Areekal, Reshmy Ravindran, and Safa Puliyakkadi. "Menstrual Practices among Rural High School Students in Thrissur - Central Kerala." Journal of Evidence Based Medicine and Healthcare 7, no. 50 (December 14, 2020): 2981–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.18410/jebmh/2020/609.

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BACKGROUND Adolescence is the transitional phase of growth and development between childhood and adulthood. Menstruation, which is a milestone event in a girl's reproductive life begins during this period and it is also one of the major causes of stress in this stage. Adequate knowledge and good menstrual practices can help in addressing this stress and also in preventing reproductive tract infections to a great extent. This study tries to assess the awareness with regard to menstrual practice and its determinants among adolescent girls in a rural area of Central Kerala. The study also aims to explore the social taboos related to menstrual practices. METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted at two high schools in Thrissur district of Central Kerala. The study methodology involved visiting the selected schools and questions about menstrual practices were put to students individually ensuring adequate privacy, with the aid of a semi-structured interview schedule. 196 adolescent girls participated in the study. The data was coded and entered into MS excel. Further analysis was done using the software SPSS 16.0 version. RESULTS The percentage of girls using sanitary pad is 32.1 %, clothes were used by 12.2 % girls, and 55.6 % used either cloth or sanitary pad. Most of them disposed their sanitary pads by burning them (75.6 %), but 16.3 % threw their pads / clothes in the general waste, some flushed them in the toilet (8.1 %). 64.3 % of them washed and exposed their undergarments in the sun but 35.7 % washed and kept them inside their house. 84.7 % of girls were aware about menstruation at the time of menarche. In 58.7 % of cases the source of information was their mother. Regarding social taboos during menstruation, the most common one was inability to attend social or religious functions during menstruation (76 %) followed by restrictions in going out (9.7 %), and 7.7 % in food preparation. 7 % of girls had to sleep in a corner of the room while they were menstruating. Maternal education, family income and awareness regarding menstruation had statistically significant association with usage of sanitary pads. CONCLUSIONS Majority of the adolescent girls had awareness regarding menstruation. However, there were some who followed less than ideal practices when it comes to disposal of sanitary napkins / clothes and care of undergarments. The wrong concepts like menstruation is a ‘disease of impurity’ and menstruation occurs when ‘bad blood’ collects is still prevalent among the adolescent girls. It is of concern that the social taboos regarding menstruation are still widely embraced by the society. KEYWORDS Menstrual Practices, Menstrual Awareness, Kerala, Menstruation
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Chinta, Kumar, Sasikala P., Chandrasekhar V., Jayanth C., and Geethanjali A. "Menstrual hygiene patterns and practices among rural adolescent school girls." International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 5, no. 12 (November 24, 2018): 5190. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20184788.

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Background: Menstruation is described as the periodic vaginal bleeding that occurs with the shedding of the uterine mucosa. Issues associated with menstruation are never discussed openly and the silence surrounding menstruation burdens young girls by keeping them ignorant of this biological function. The taboo surrounding menstruation in society prevents girls from articulating their needs and problems of poor menstrual hygiene management have been ignored or misunderstood. Implications of ignoring this issue of menstruation are serious and at times life threatening.Methods: This study is a cross-sectional observational study conducted among 217 adolescent girls studying in government high schools located in the field practice area of rural health training centre attached to the department of community medicine, Narayana Medical College, Nellore.Results: Out of 169 girls who have attained menarche, 154 (91.12%) were having periods at regular intervals. Among 154 girls with regular menstrual cycle majority (55.2%) had 28-31 day cycle. Out of 169 girls who had attained menarche at the time of study 76.9% reported that they use sanitary napkins for absorption of blood during menstruation. The most common method of disposal of material used for absorption of blood during menstruation was burning (91.7%) and 65.7% were using soap for washing private parts.Conclusions: The study concludes that majority of adolescent girls had regular menstrual cycles and majority of the respondents were using sanitary napkins.
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Isano, Sandra, Irakoze Genereuse Iradukunda, Peace Ingabire, Beula Igiraneza, Fred Nkurunziza, and Rex Wong. "Assessing the knowledge and attitude of menstrual hygiene among high school students, and menstrual practices among high school girls in rural Rwanda." International Journal of Reproduction, Contraception, Obstetrics and Gynecology 11, no. 3 (February 25, 2022): 696. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20220547.

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Background: This study sought to assess the knowledge, attitude about menstruation among high school teachers, boys and girls in Butaro, a rural area in northern Rwanda. In addition, the menstrual hygiene practices of the high school girls were also assessed; to inform the design of intervention.Methods: A school-based cross-sectional questionnaire was administered to 339 people in three high schools in a rural region in Rwanda.Results: Thirty-two teachers and 307 secondary school boys and girls were surveyed. Only 9.8% of students had good knowledge related to menstrual health, with slightly more schoolgirls (13.9%) than schoolboys (5%). Feeling insecure, scared, and worried that others could smell them, were the common menstrual-related concerns cited by girls. About 20% of girls used cloth to manage their menstrual flow and 22.3% reported menstrual-related school absenteeism; lack of sanitary protection products and fear of being teased were among the most prominent reasons.Conclusions: Providing accessible facilities for girls to change, pain medication, and sufficient sanitary pads are necessary. Reusable sanitary pads and menstrual cups could be cheaper and more sustainable alternatives to commercial menstrual products. Cultivating a psychologically safe school environment is necessary.
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Kaur, Maninder, and Tanya Vats. "Menstrual awareness, hygiene, practices and perceptions among the adolescent girls of Nahan, Himachal Pradesh, India." International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 7, no. 3 (February 27, 2020): 1145. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20200982.

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Background: Onset of first menstrual cycle also termed as “menarche” signifies the initiation of sexual maturation of girls. The present study aims to represent an amalgam of menstrual awareness, perceptions and hygiene in light of the associated menstrual practices prevalent in the adolescence girls of Nahan.Methods: A cross-sectional data of 189 girls aged between 10 to 16 years were collected from Nahan, district Sirmaur in Himachal Pradesh. Data regarding perceptions, awareness and hygienic conditions during menstruation were also gathered through an interview based schedule.Results: Menarche was known to be a normal physiological process by only 53.43% girls, while the rest of the participants didn’t know the reason for its occurrence. For 81.2% girls the informant was their mother and a very little role was played by sisters (5.36%), books (0.67%), friends (6.04%) and relatives (5.36%). Most of the girls (95.28%) used sanitary napkin as absorbent for menstrual flow, but the use of single sanitary napkin for 7 to 8 hours by 48% participants was of alarming concern. Stomachache was the most common problem associated with menarche, whereas breast heaviness (16.98%), body ache (16.03%) and backache (26.41%) were witnessed in considerable proportion of girls. A significant number of girls (78.3%) were prohibited from entering in the holy places/temples during this period.Conclusions: Although menarcheal health is acquiring greater significance across the globe, but the age old social restrictive practices associated with menstruation are still common and prevalent in this societies.
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E.C., Osisiogu,, Amadi, C.O.A, and Obasi, K.O. "Menstrual Hygiene Management Practices among Female Secondary School Students in Umuahia, South-Eastern Nigeria." International Journal of Science and Healthcare Research 7, no. 4 (November 11, 2022): 115–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.52403/ijshr.20221015.

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Proper menstrual hygiene management is essential for the good health of women. Access to clean water and sanitary facilities is essential for maintaining good hygiene. The objective of this study was to assess the menstrual hygiene management practices among female secondary school students in Umuahia, South-Eastern Nigeria. This study was a cross-sectional descriptive study of which a well-structured questionnaire was administered among secondary school girls in Umuahia, Nigeria. Results showed that for “washing of hands with soap and running water”, 20 students representing 9.52% indicated very high level (VH) of practice, 28 students representing 13.33% indicated high level (H) of practice, while 64(30.48%) and 98 (46.67%) indicated low level (LL) and very low level (VL) of practice respectively. For “washing of hands before meals” 107 (50.95%) and 62 (29.52%) indicated that they did it to a VH and H respectively, while 29 (13.81%) and 12 (5.71%) respectively indicated LL and VL of practice. The results also showed that the absorbent most used was a disposable sanitary pad. The most common frequency of change of absorbent was twice a day. Ten (10) students representing 7.14% very often used reusable cloth/towel, 4(2.86%) very often used tampon, 78 representing 55.71% very often used disposable sanitary pad, 0(0.00%) very often used menstrual cup, while 8 representing 5.71% very often used toilet paper/tissue. The most frequently adopted rate of changing absorbents by students was twice a day (morning and night). The results showed that 68 (48.57%) of the students very often (VOF) changed their absorbents twice a day, while 16 (11.43%) rarely changed their absorbent twice a day. The findings of this study indicated that the menstrual hygiene management practices among the students were very poor. Adequate health promotion for secondary school girls and provision of basic toilet facilities at these schools was recommended. Keywords: Menstruation, Hygiene, Hand-washing, Absorbents, Sanitation.
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Patil, Pushpa S., and Ashwini V. Rao. "Study of reproductive hygiene among married women at urban field practice area, Dharwad." International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 5, no. 10 (September 24, 2018): 4393. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20183981.

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Background: Women have to be assessed at every stage of her life to lead a healthy lifestyle free from diseases such as reproductive tract infections (RTI) and sexually transmitted infections, which can be easily prevented by good reproductive hygiene practices. There is a paramount need to address these problems at the earliest as they are increasing rapidly. This study was conducted to ascertain the practices of personal, menstrual and sexual hygiene among married women of reproductive age group, to determine the early symptoms of RTI’s in them and to determine association with key demographic variables and symptoms of RTI’s.Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted among married women of reproductive age group visiting the urban health centre, Dharwad using semistructured questionnaire after taking informed consent from them. Data were analyzed using SPSS. Frequencies and Chi-square tests were applied.Results: All the study participants practiced good personal hygiene practices. 59% of study participants used sanitary pads.78% washed their external genitalia during menstruation. 86% washed their genitalia after sexual intercourse. Backache (31%) was the most common symptom of RTI. Significant association was found between age and boils in the vaginal area (p=<0.01), age and low backache (p=0.013) and age and pain during coitus (p=0.006).Conclusions: In our study most of them were aware of the correct hygienic practices. Backache is the most common symptom of RTI among them. Couples have to be educated on reproductive hygiene to prevent infections.
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Agostinetto, Lenita, Victória Gabriela Corrêa Coelho, Helen Souza de Oliveira, Jheniffer Rodolfi Bianchini, Gustavo Waltrich da Silva, Vitor Alegre de Lima, Victor Godoy, et al. "Adopted practices for the disposal of drug waste and sanitary household products by the high school students." Evidência 19, no. 2 (December 18, 2019): 185–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.18593/eba.v19i2.23084.

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The study objective was to obtain information on the practices adopted by the students of the High School of Course technical of Environmental Sanitation and Biotechnology of Cedup Renato Ramos da Silva School, in Lages, SC for the disposal of residues of medicines and household cleaners in their homes. This study was developed by students of scientific initiation of High School (PIBIC/EM). For data collection a semi-structured questionnaire was applied to the students of the respective courses during the period of their classes in the Institution. It was observed that 63% do not have knowledge about the correct procedure of disposal of drug residues and 55.6% still discard the expired drugs in the common trash. Regarding household cleaning products, 90.1% of the participants do not know how to dispose of these residues in their homes, despite frequent use (83.8%). Concerning residues of insecticides, rodenticides and repellents, about 50% of the participants discard the waste in the common bin and 44% do not know how to dispose of these products. Overall, this study showed that High School students from the Environmental Sanitation and Biotechnology technical Course inappropriately dispose of the drug residues and sanitary household products in their homes. Thus, it emphasizes the importance of including the topic about waste management in basic education courses.
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Hakim, Afzal, Rizwana Shaheen, Manisha ., and Himani Tak. "A cross sectional study on the knowledge, attitudes and practices towards menstrual cycle and its problems: a comparative study of government and non-government adolescent school girls." International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 4, no. 4 (March 28, 2017): 973. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20171309.

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Background: Young girls up to 20 years of age comprise a quarter of Indian female population. A vast majority of adolescent girls in India are affected by reproductive health issues and menstrual problems are one of them. These problems arise mostly due to false beliefs & poor awareness regarding menstrual cycle. The objective of the study was to assess knowledge, attitude and practices towards menstrual cycle and its problems among school girls. Methods: A cross sectional study among 250 girls (age 13-19 years) each from government and non-government schools of Jodhpur City was carried out by interviewing them with predesigned & pretested questionnaire. Results: Most of the girls of non-government schools considered menarche as a different experience of life (34.8%) and unhygienic (27.6%) while 41.6% of government school girls were scared due to menarche and 30% considered it as unhygienic. 59.6% of non-government school girls knew about menstrual cycle before menarche while 48.8% of government school girls had such knowledge. Mother was the commonest channel of information in both study groups. 12-14 years was the most common age groups in which menarche occurred in both study groups. About 2/3 of non-government school girls were using sanitary pads while only ¼ of government school girls had such practice. High cost was the major reason for not using sanitary pads in Govt. school girls. Pain Abdomen was the commonest complaint faced during menstrual cycle followed by backache. About 4/5th of non-government school girls and about 2/3rd of government school girls attended school during menstrual cycle. All subjects faced some kind of domestic restriction due to disbelief in relation to menstrual cycle. Irritability was reported as most common psychological problem during menstrual cycleConclusions: There is a need for adolescent girls to have accurate and adequate information about menstruation appropriate sanitary and hygienic management.
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Books on the topic "Common sanitary practices"

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Villamil Jiménez, Luis Carlos, Hugo Sotomayor Tribín, and José Esparza. Viruela en Colombia. Bogotá. Colombia: Universidad de La Salle. Ediciones Unisalle, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.19052/9789585486966.

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Los hechos y personajes que lideraron la lucha contra la viruela en Colombia constituyen el aspecto central de este escrito. Temas como el cordón sanitario, el degredo, la variolización y la vacunación brazo a brazo, que se practicó desde 1804 con la llegada de la vacuna al país, son medidas que proceden de España; luego, se habla de la producción de la vacuna colombiana preparada en terneras en el laboratorio central, denominado Parque de Vacunación, donde además de eliminar los efectos adversos del brazo a brazo y se inició el desarrollo de protocolos que permitieron la obtención de una excelente vacuna, que sería utilizada en la prevención, el control y la erradicación temprana de la viruela en nuestro país.
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Keane, Adrian, and Paul McKeown. 23. Proof of facts without evidence. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/he/9780198811855.003.0023.

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Facts in issue and relevant facts are treated as established by the courts only insofar as they are proved by evidence. This chapter discusses three exceptions to this general rule: (i) some facts may be presumed in a party’s favour in the absence of proof or complete proof, including marriage, legitimacy, death, the regular and proper performance of public or official acts, sanity and negligence; (ii) a fact will be treated as established where the court takes judicial notice of it either (a) without enquiry, in the case of facts that are beyond serious dispute, notorious or of common knowledge or (b) after enquiry (usually political facts, customs, professional practices and historical and geographical facts); and (iii) a fact ceases to be in issue when a party has formally admitted it.
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Hardin, Garrett. Living within Limits. Oxford University Press, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195078114.001.0001.

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We fail to mandate economic sanity, writes Garrett Hardin, "because our brains are addled by...compassion." With such startling assertions, Hardin has cut a swathe through the field of ecology for decades, winning a reputation as a fearless and original thinker. A prominent biologist, ecological philosopher, and keen student of human population control, Hardin now offers the finest summation of his work to date, with an eloquent argument for accepting the limits of the earth's resources--and the hard choices we must make to live within them. In Living Within Limits, Hardin focuses on the neglected problem of overpopulation, making a forceful case for dramatically changing the way we live in and manage our world. Our world itself, he writes, is in the dilemma of the lifeboat: it can only hold a certain number of people before it sinks--not everyone can be saved. The old idea of progress and limitless growth misses the point that the earth (and each part of it) has a limited carrying capacity; sentimentality should not cloud our ability to take necessary steps to limit population. But Hardin refutes the notion that goodwill and voluntary restraints will be enough. Instead, nations where population is growing must suffer the consequences alone. Too often, he writes, we operate on the faulty principle of shared costs matched with private profits. In Hardin's famous essay, "The Tragedy of the Commons," he showed how a village common pasture suffers from overgrazing because each villager puts as many cattle on it as possible--since the costs of grazing are shared by everyone, but the profits go to the individual. The metaphor applies to global ecology, he argues, making a powerful case for closed borders and an end to immigration from poor nations to rich ones. "The production of human beings is the result of very localized human actions; corrective action must be local....Globalizing the 'population problem' would only ensure that it would never be solved." Hardin does not shrink from the startling implications of his argument, as he criticizes the shipment of food to overpopulated regions and asserts that coercion in population control is inevitable. But he also proposes a free flow of information across boundaries, to allow each state to help itself. "The time-honored practice of pollute and move on is no longer acceptable," Hardin tells us. We now fill the globe, and we have no where else to go. In this powerful book, one of our leading ecological philosophers points out the hard choices we must make--and the solutions we have been afraid to consider.
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Book chapters on the topic "Common sanitary practices"

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Keane, Adrian, and Paul McKeown. "4. Proof of facts without evidence." In The Modern Law of Evidence, 98–125. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/he/9780198848486.003.0004.

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Facts in issue and relevant facts are treated as established by the courts only insofar as they are proved by evidence. This chapter discusses three exceptions to this general rule: (i) some facts may be presumed in a party’s favour in the absence of proof or complete proof, including marriage, legitimacy, death, the regular and proper performance of public or official acts, sanity, and negligence; (ii) a fact will be treated as established where the court takes judicial notice of it either (a) without enquiry, in the case of facts that are beyond serious dispute, notorious or of common knowledge or (b) after enquiry (usually political facts, customs, professional practices and historical and geographical facts); and (iii) a fact ceases to be in issue when a party has formally admitted it.
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Keane, Adrian, and Paul McKeown. "4. Proof of facts without evidence." In The Modern Law of Evidence, 96–124. Oxford University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/he/9780192855930.003.0004.

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Facts in issue and relevant facts are treated as established by the courts only insofar as they are proved by evidence. This chapter discusses three exceptions to this general rule: (i) some facts may be presumed in a party’s favour in the absence of proof or complete proof, including marriage, legitimacy, death, the regular and proper performance of public or official acts, sanity, and negligence; (ii) a fact will be treated as established where the court takes judicial notice of it either (a) without enquiry, in the case of facts that are beyond serious dispute, notorious or of common knowledge or (b) after enquiry (usually political facts, customs, professional practices, and historical and geographical facts); and (iii) a fact ceases to be in issue when a party has formally admitted it.
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"TABLE 3 Major Commercial Fermentation Conditions for Cereal Foods Fermentation conditions Bread Beer Whiskey Soy sauce Miso Main starters Baker's yeast Brewer's yeast Distillery yeast Molds Molds (Saccharomyces (Saccharomyces (Saccharomyces (Aspergillus spp.) (Aspergillus spp.) cerevisiae) cerevisiae) cerevisiae) Saccharomyces rouxii Lactic acid bacteria Lactobacillus delbrueckii Cereals Milled wheat Barley (malted) Corn Soybeans (defatted) Rice Milled rye Sorghum Rye (malted or not) Wheat Barley Minor: Minor: Barley (malted) Minor: Soybeans Barley (malted) Corn Wheat Barley flour Wheat (malted) Rice Wheat Other ingredients Water Water Water Water Salt Salt Hops Salt Hot pepper Sugar Adjuncts Fat (corn syrup, sugar Emulsifiers or starch) Dough strengtheners Preservatives Enzymes Fermentation 1-6h2-10 days 2-3 days (Koji: 3 days at 30°C) (Koji: 2 days at 30°C) conditions 20-42°C 3-24°C 32-35°C 3-12 months 2 days to 1 year Aging: Aging: 15-30°C 30-50°C 3 days-1 month 2-3 years or more 0-13°C 21-30°C baker's yeast is probably the most common of these microorganisms that may be a problem are bacteria (usual-starters; it is commercially produced in liquid, paste (com-ly spore-forming or lactic acid bacteria, especially in some pressed), or dry form. Recently, commercial lactic acid yeast fermentations), wild yeasts, and molds. bacteria starters have been introduced for cereal fermenta-Several spore-forming bacteria (e.g., Bacillus spp.) may tions, but this application is less frequent than their regular produce amylases and degrade hydrated starchy materials. use in dairy or meat fermentations. A close control of the In bread, heat-tolerant spores of Bacillus subtilis (formerly performance of commercial starters is important, since it Bacillus mesentericus) survive the baking process; after a has a major effect on the final products. few days in bread, they produce a spoilage called ropiness, characterized by yellow spots on crumb, putrid pineapple aroma, and stringiness when breaking a piece of bread. The spores of these species, when contaminating flour, may Considering the diversity of the microbial flora that may cause a major problem in bakeries since they are highly re-be present in cereals to be fermented, undesirable microor-sistant in the environment and difficult to eliminate. How-ganisms are likely to be part of this flora and may produce ever, these bacterial infections have become rare in recent problems in the main fermentation process with subse-years, presumably due to improved sanitation. In beer, un-quent adverse effects on the final product. Nowadays these desirable microbial contamination is exhibited by viscosity, problems are lessened by good sanitary practices. Sources appearance, as well as aroma and flavor problems. of these organisms may be the cereals themselves, soil, as Microbial pathogens are usually not a problem for fer-well as any particular ingredient, surface contamination, mented cereals because of the inhibition brought about by and unsanitary handling. acids and ethanol generated by fermenting organisms. A Table 4 summarizes microbial problems likely to occur large proportion of fermented cereals are also eaten shortly during major cereal fermentations. In general, undesirable after complete cooking. However, the biggest problem." In Handbook of Cereal Science and Technology, Revised and Expanded, 765–70. CRC Press, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781420027228-81.

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Conference papers on the topic "Common sanitary practices"

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Chernyshov, Mikhail. "FORESTRY PRINCIPLES AND LOGISTICS IN THE SPHERE OF REPRODUCTION OF OAK FORESTS IN THE CENTRAL BLACK EARTH." In Modern machines, equipment and IT solutions for industrial complex: theory and practice. FSBE Institution of Higher Education Voronezh State University of Forestry and Technologies named after G.F. Morozov, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.34220/mmeitsic2021_144-149.

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The reproduction of forests is long-term. A complex and multifaceted silvicultural and technological process taking place in the conditions of disordered economic human activity and global warming. Reproduction of oak forests in the Central Black Earth Region, which are the cradle of Russian ship oak forests, has a regional specificity, which consists in the fact that in most forestries it is carried out mainly through artificial reforestation and sometimes combined. The reason is the complete absence of natural seed regeneration of oak under the canopy of mature and over-mature stands entering clear and selective sanitary felling.Even in narrow-cut and clear- cut areas, including those cultivated in accordance with the current requirements of the “Regulations for reforestation”, there is an intensive change of the main forest-forming species (pedunculate oak, common ash and Norway maple) to accompanying and less valuable (aspen, willow, birch , linden, hazel, etc.).On the basis of generalization of the long-term experience of the forestries of the region, logistics and silvicultural principles of sustainable-expanded, program- targeted and effective reproduction of oak forests are proposed and scientifically substantiated, without strict adherence to which, in practice, it is impossible to grow new durable high-quality, sustainable and highly productive oak forests with given target taxation characteristics. A step-by- step algorithm of sustainably expanded reproduction of oak forests of the future is considered. Prospects, ways and methods of high-quality and sustainably expanded reproduction of oak forests in the forestries of the Central Chernozem region have been determined.The prospects, ways and methods of high-quality and sustainably expanded reproduction of oak forests in the forestries of the Central Chernozem region have been determined. Controlled natural seed and artificial methods with the obligatory timely and high-quality agrotechnical and silvicultural maintenance, preventing the drowning of the pedunculate oak by other, faster-growing species, should become priority.
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Bostenaru Dan, Maria. "Carol Cortobius Architecture." In World Lumen Congress 2021, May 26-30, 2021, Iasi, Romania. LUMEN Publishing House, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.18662/wlc2021/08.

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Carol Cortobius was an architect trained in Germany, with an initial practice at Otto Wagner in Vienna, who worked for the Hungarian community in Bucharest building churches. An introduction on the catholic Hungarian community in Bucharest will be given. Dănuț Doboș in a monograph of one catholic church in Bucharest offers an overview of all his works. For the three catholic churches on which he intervened (two built, one restored, but altered now) there are monographs showing archive images not available for the general public. Apart of the catholic churches (two of the Hungarian community) he also built the baptist seminar. Particularly the first built church, Saint Elena, is interesting as an early example of Art Deco and will be analysed in the context of the Secession in Vienna and Budapest, which will be introduced. With help of historic maps the places of the works were identified. Many of them do not exist today anymore because of demolitions either to build new streets or those of the Ceaușescu period (ex. the opereta theatre, a former pharmacy). Images of these were looked for in groups dedicated to he disappeared Uranus neighbourhood The paper will show where these were located. Some of the common buildings have an interesting history, such as the first chocolate factory. Another interesting early Art deco building is the pelican house. There are common details between this and the restored church. The research will be continued with archive research in public archives when the sanitary situation will permit.
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3

Ramírez Rivera, Jessica Beatriz. "Prácticas Feministas en Museos y sus Redes Sociales en México: una respuesta ante la pandemia. Feminist Practices in Museums and their Social Networks in Mexico: a response to the pandemic." In Congreso CIMED - I Congreso Internacional de Museos y Estrategias Digitales. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica de València, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/cimed21.2021.12631.

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El objetivo de esta comunicación es presentar algunas prácticas feministas que han hecho uso de las tecnologías en los museos de México, así como reflexionar en torno a la soberanía digital, los derechos culturales que se ejercen en las redes sociales y si estos se inscriben en la “internet feminista” desde los museos.En los últimos años, los movimientos feministas en México han tomado relevancia política, en ámbitos públicos y de intervención social. Muchas de ellas, han sido juzgadas negativamente por hacer uso de bienes culturales, lo cual ha desencadenado opiniones polarizadas.Si bien, la postura de los museos mexicanos a este respecto es reservada, existe una apertura a prácticas con perspectiva de género, desde sus investigaciones, oferta cultural y exposiciones temporales. Con las medidas de confinamiento derivadas del COVID-19, quedó claro que las estrategias de los museos para continuar sus actividades, se centraron y volcaron en las Redes Sociales y sus páginas web. Asimismo, se lograron continuar no solo con las prácticas con perspectiva de género que incipientemente se realizaban en estos espacios, si no que se incrementaron los contenidos de corte feminista y de acción política cultural.Entre los ejemplos más notables estuvieron la apertura de nuevos espacios virtuales como lo hizo el Museo Universitario de Arte Contemporáneo, con su Instagram Brillantinas MUAC, en donde se publican diversos materiales feministas desde la cultura y se ínsita al diálogo y la profundización de varios temas con perspectiva de género.Por otro lado, la actividad digital y cultural a raíz de la Conmemoración del Día Internacional para la Eliminación de las Violencias contra las Mujeres, fue adoptada por una gran cantidad de museos desde privados hasta estatales, ya sea con una mención al tema o una actividad o serie de actividades al respecto. Fue un ejercicio que trascendió a los 10 días de activismo y que obtuvo una interesante respuesta tanto negativa como positiva dentro de los públicos.Finalmente, uno de los ejercicios más interesantes que se lograron a pesar de las dificultades por la situación sanitaria, fue la iniciativa “Laboratoria: Mujeres en el Museo” lanzada por el Observatorio Raquel Padilla del Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia, que por medio de diversas herramientas digitales, se pudo llevar a cabo un ejercicio feminista y de soberanía digital en la elaboración de prototipos con perspectiva de género y para la prevención de las violencias contra las mujeres.-------- The objective of this communication is to present some feminist practices that have made use of technologies in museums in Mexico, as well as to reflect on digital sovereignty, the cultural rights that are exercised in social networks and if they are registered in the "Feminist internet" from museums.In recent years, feminist movements in Mexico have taken on political relevance, in public spheres and social intervention. Many of them have been judged negatively for making use of cultural property, which has triggered polarized opinions.Although the position of Mexican museums in this regard is reserved, there is an openness to practices with a gender perspective, from their research, cultural offerings and temporary exhibitions. With the confinement measures derived from COVID-19, it was clear that the museums' strategies to continue their activities were focused and turned over to Social Networks and their web pages. Likewise, it was possible to continue not only with the practices with a gender perspective that were incipiently carried out in these spaces, but also the contents of a feminist nature and of cultural political action were increased.Among the most notable examples were the opening of new virtual spaces such as the University Museum of Contemporary Art, with its Instagram Brillantinas MUAC, where various feminist materials from culture are published and the dialogue and the deepening of various issues are encouraged. gender perspective.On the other hand, the digital and cultural activity as a result of the Commemoration of the International Day for the Elimination of Violence against Women, was adopted by a large number of museums from private to state, either with a mention of the subject or an activity or series of activities in this regard. It was an exercise that transcended 10 days of activism and that obtained an interesting negative and positive response from the public.Finally, one of the most interesting exercises that were achieved despite the difficulties due to the health situation, was the initiative "Laboratory: Women in the Museum" launched by the Raquel Padilla Observatory of the National Institute of Anthropology and History, which through various digital tools, it was possible to carry out a feminist exercise and digital sovereignty in the development of prototypes with a gender perspective and for the prevention of violence against women.
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