Relevant bibliographies by topics / Common carp

Academic literature on the topic 'Common carp'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 27 April 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Common carp"

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Yang, Mei-Di Huang, Qi Wang, Ran Zhao, Qing-Song Li, Ming-Shu Cui, Yan Zhang, and Jiong-Tang Li. "Cyprinus carpio (common carp)." Trends in Genetics 38, no. 3 (March 2022): 305–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tig.2021.11.002.

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HORVATH, L. "Cryopreservation of common carp sperm." Aquatic Living Resources 16, no. 5 (October 2003): 457–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0990-7440(03)00084-6.

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Sterniša, Meta, and Jan Mraz. "Common carp - still unused potential." Meso 19, no. 5 (2017): 434–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.31727/m.19.5.2.

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Karpfen –vernachlässigte hochwertige Nährstoffquelle Der Karpfen gehört zu den kultiviertesten Fischarten weltweit; seine Produktion steigt kontinuierlich an. Der Süßwasserfisch stellt eine bedeutende Nahrungsquelle in den Entwicklungsländern dar; in den entwickelten Ländern wird er aber häufig für eine teuere Delikatesse gehalten. Der Fisch ist nicht nur ein hervorragendes und äußerst nahrhaftes Nahrungsmittel (Eiweiße, Lipide, Mikronährstoffe), er enthält zudem wichtige bioaktive Inhaltsstoffe mit einer wohltuenden Wirkung auf die menschliche Gesundheit; dabei spielen insbesondere die n-3 mehrfach ungesättigten Fettsäuren (PUFA) eine bedeutende Rolle bei der Vorbeugung von Herz-Gefäßkrankheiten. Trotz dem hohen Gehalt an wertvollen Nährstoffen wird der Süßwasserfisch als eine bedeutende Nährstoffquelle sehr häufig vernachlässigt. Seit einigen Jahren kommt dem Süßwasserfisch als einer Quelle von n-3 mehrfach ungesättigten Fettsäuren eine immer größere Bedeutung zu. In den letzten Jahren wurde die mögliche Schutzwirkung des Karpfens auf das Herz untersucht; dabei konnte nachgewiesen werden, dass das Karpfenfleisch zahlreiche positive Auswirkungen bei der Vorbeugung von Herz-Gefäßkrankheiten hat und es als gesunde Nahrung anerkannt und gefördert werden sollte. Um Karpfenprodukte mit bestmöglicher Qualität liefern zu können, bedarf es zahlreicher Untersuchungen und Innovationen zur Verbesserung der kompletten Produktionskette vom Fischteich bis zum Teller.
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Tsvetkova, L. I., L. N. Titareva, A. A. Kochetov, and V. P. Voronina. "Cryoresistance of common carp sperm." Aquaculture 129, no. 1-4 (January 1995): 136. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0044-8486(95)91959-y.

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Hedrick, Ronald P., Thomas B. Waltzek, and Terry S. McDowell. "Susceptibility of Koi Carp, Common Carp, Goldfish, and Goldfish × Common Carp Hybrids to Cyprinid Herpesvirus-2 and Herpesvirus-3." Journal of Aquatic Animal Health 18, no. 1 (March 2006): 26–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1577/h05-028.1.

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Przybył, A., and J. Mazurkiewicz. "Nutritive value of cereals in feeds for common carp." Czech Journal of Animal Science 49, No. 7 (December 13, 2011): 307–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/4314-cjas.

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Four isonitrogenous (gross protein content 32%) and isoenergetic (gross energy content 4 080 kcal/kg) diets were prepared by extrusion to investigate the effects of different cereal grains (barley &ndash; diet A, wheat &ndash; diet B, triticale &ndash; diet C, rye &ndash; diet D) as carbohydrate compounds of extruded feeds for carp. The physical and chemical properties of the feeds were established. A 60-day growth test was performed in experimental ponds of 40 m<sup>2</sup> area. Each diet was fed to three groups of fish (initial average weight 200 &plusmn; 10 g). The following rearing effectiveness indices were used in the final evaluation of the growth test: weight gain (WG, %), specific growth rate (SGR, %/d), food conversion ratio (FCR), protein efficiency ratio (PER) and protein retention (PR, %). Conclusions were based on statistical analysis using the Statistica 5.0 package. The results obtained in the growth test did not show any differences in the evaluated feeds regarding their usefulness in the nutrition of carp (there were no statistically significant differences in the values of fish rearing parameters, P &le; 0.05). The recorded growth parameters of carp were as follows: WG: 308.48&ndash;324.0%; SGR: 2.81&ndash;2.92%/d; the feed conversion coefficients were: FCR: 1.43&ndash;1.50; PER: 1.75&ndash;1.83; PR: 29.54&ndash;31.72%. &nbsp;
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Pritchard, M. Karen, John W. Fournie, and Vicki S. Blazer. "Hepatic Neoplasms in Wild Common Carp." Journal of Aquatic Animal Health 8, no. 2 (June 1996): 111–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1577/1548-8667(1996)008<0111:hniwcc>2.3.co;2.

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Kawatsu, Hiroshi. "Clotting time of common carp blood." NIPPON SUISAN GAKKAISHI 52, no. 4 (1986): 591–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.2331/suisan.52.591.

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Shields, Barbara. "Genetics and breeding of common carp." Aquaculture 188, no. 3-4 (September 2000): 399–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0044-8486(00)00307-0.

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Sloman, K. A. "COPPER, CORTISOL AND THE COMMON CARP." Journal of Experimental Biology 206, no. 19 (October 1, 2003): 3309. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.00608.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Common carp"

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Hung, Ching Yee. "Survival strategies of common carp, cyprinus carpio, during prolonged starvation and hypoxia /." access full-text access abstract and table of contents, 2005. http://libweb.cityu.edu.hk/cgi-bin/ezdb/thesis.pl?phd-bch-b19887346a.pdf.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--City University of Hong Kong, 2005.
"Submitted to Department of Biology and Chemistry in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy." Includes bibliographical references (leaves 233-269).
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Williams, Paul Edwin. "Evaluation of a Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) Exclusion and Trapping Device for Use in Aquatic Plant Founder Colony Establishment." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2008. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc6038/.

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The focus of this study was to design and evaluate a trapping system that would reduce populations of common carp within water bodies in conjunction with establishment of native aquatic macrophytes founder colonies. A pond study and field study were conducted. A pond study was performed at the Lewisville Aquatic Ecosystem Research Facility, located in Lewisville, Texas, followed by a field study within a constructed wetland located in southern Dallas, Texas. For the pond study, twelve funnel traps were constructed (four reps of each type: control, dual-walled and ring cage). Two anti-escape devices were tested with funnels including steel fingers and hinged flaps. Ring cage and dual-walled treatments were planted using native pondweeds, while controls were left unplanted (additional bait and a drift fence scenarios were also tested). Common carp were introduced into the study pond. Chi-square statistical analyses were utilized and showed ring cage treatments using fingers as well as the use of a drift fence to be most effective. Following completion of the pond study, the two most effective treatments (controls and ring cages) were tested within the Dallas, Texas wetland; no carp were caught during the field test.
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Copeland, Donald Lee. "Production of Recombinant Carp Leptin and its Effects on Lipid Metabolism in the Common Carp (Cyprinus Carpio)." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1342135953.

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MacCarthy, Eugene. "Pentraxins and the acute phase response in common carp Cyprinus carpio." Thesis, Keele University, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.436139.

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周楚穎 and Chor-wing Vivian Ng. "Characterization and sequencing of sex hormone-binding globulin in common carp (cyprinus carpio)." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2000. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31224982.

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Ninh, Nguyen Huu. "Communal or separate rearing of families in selective breeding of common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.)." Thesis, University of Stirling, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/1638.

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This study reports on investigation of ways of improving the breeding programme for growth-related traits in common carp in Vietnam. The base population was synthesized following a single pair mating scheme from six carp stocks: (1) 2nd generation of family selection; (2) Hungarian 6th generation of mass selection; (3) Hungarian scaled carp; (4) Indonesian yellow 6th generation of mass selection; (5) Indonesian yellow carp; and (6) Vietnamese 6th generation of mass selection. The next two selected generations were produced using a partial factorial mating scheme, with each family being split and reared using communal early rearing (CER) or separate early rearing (SER) methods. The second generation (G2) was produced from selected fish from the CER G1 group. The total number of selection, control and reference families was 135 in the G1 and 101 in the G2 respectively. The control and reference (Hungarian P33 line) families were produced by single pair mating (reference families with the G2 only). Seven microsatellite loci were used for parentage assignment in the CER groups: 96.8% of the offspring (1284 individuals) and 96.2% offspring (1341 individuals) were unambiguously assigned to 113 families (selection, control) in the G1 and 99 families (selection, control and reference) in the G2 generations, respectively. Restricted maximum likelihood in the individual model was used to estimate phenotypic and genetic parameters. In CER, the estimated heritability values of common carp were from 0.20 ± 0.04 to 0.29 ± 0.05 for both weight and length at final harvest, indicating substantial additive genetic variation for selection on growth-related traits. The overall obtained maternal and common environmental effects were consistently close to zero. The average of direct response to selection for body weight was 15.0% per generation. In SER, the number of families in the G1 and G2 were 135 (selection and control) and 101 (selection, control and reference), respectively. The heritability estimates were from 0.20 ± 0.07 to 0.31 ± 0.08 at final measurement. Common environmental (full-sib family) effect were all lower at tagging and slightly higher at last measurement, ranging from 0.05 to 0.22. The response in each generation of selection as the difference between the selection and control lines was 8.1% on average for weight at final harvest, lower than under CER. The high genetic correlations of growth-related traits between the third (one year old, mature) and second (7 months old) measurements could allow selection to be based on the earlier assessment, reducing handling stress close to spawning. The benefits of using microsatellite markers to ascertain parentage, achieve greater growth rate (close to farming systems), shorten time to maturity and selection, and the overall relative merits of using CER v’s SER in this genetic improvement programme are discussed.
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Holtan, Marte Berg. "Plasma melatonin profiles in Common carp (Cyprinus carpio) exposed to indoor photoperiods." Thesis, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Institutt for biologi, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-13699.

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An intervention against extreme poverty and hunger was introduced in year 2000, when all members of the United Nations agreed on the Millennium Development Goals (MDG). Today, 1.4 billion people live in poverty and hunger, with poor prospects for increased living standards. Nepal is one of the world’s poorest countries with most of its population living ruraly on low-income agriculture. Due to ongoing climatic changes and financial instability, the international food security is threatened. Inexpensive and low water consuming food production will therefore be an important development for times to come. In line with the MDGs, the NTNU initiated programme Sustainable Poverty Reduction in Nepal (SPRN) have started to utilize Nepal’s rich freshwater resources to develop fish farms in tandem with eco-friendly hydropower projects. The main target is to develop year-round delivery of carp fingerlings in hilly rural areas.Fish are seasonally breeding animals that use environmental signals to coordinate and control their biological rhythms. Photoperiod represents an accurate indicator of time of day and season, and may be translated into a chemical body signal, melatonin, by the pineal gland. Pineal melatonin is released during night and the secretory pattern – which reflects the environmental light/dark cycle – may exhibit one of three known patterns. A daily and annual rhythmic production of melatonin may provide the fish with a physiological capacity to anticipate and prepare for upcoming seasonal changes. Manipulation of the photoperiodic control of pineal melatonin release has been successfully used to initiate biorhythms like spawning in cultured finfish species at mid and high latitudes. The current study was performed to describe the day/night plasma melatonin levels in Common carp (Cyprinus carpio) during November at mid-hills Nepal (28 ºN). It represents the first part of possible development of a maturation control system for low latitude carps. Plasma melatonin levels exhibited a single peak profile during late darkphase and decreased to low daytime levels before the onset of light. When subjected to an extended night period, carp plasma melatonin rhythm appeared to repeat this profile from natural photoperiod, which may indicate a circadian clock system at work. Blood plasma cortisol levels were elevated during these experiments but are not expected to have stimulated the melatonin release. These results demonstrate a possible complex melatonin control system of type B in the Common carp kept at low latitude (Nepal).
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Chakraborty, Subhash Chandra. "Energy budget and aspects of energy metabolism in common carp, Cyprinus carpio." Thesis, University of Stirling, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/1808.

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Aspects of the resting respiration rate, specific dynamic action (SDA) and components of the total energy budget of 55 - 80g common carp were studied in the laboratory. The resting respiratory rate was monitored in computer operated metabolic chambers under different photoperiods. Common carp showed a crepuscular respiratory rhythm with peaks at dawn and dusk during a 12L : 12D photoperiod, with a mean oxygen consumption of 152 mg/kg/h. When acclimated to longer or shorter photoperiods respiration was also cyclic but with a lower mean respiratory rate. In continuous light or darkness respiratory rhythm was suppressed with no significant peakings. In carp fed with three diets containing 20,35 and 50% protein at a ration level of 0.40 to 1.00% body weight per day, SDA coefficient varied from 8.99 to 15.94% and was dependent on dietary protein but not on ration levels. SDA magnitude and post-feeding peak oxygen consumption varied significantly with both dietary protein content and total daily ration level. SDA duration was only related to ration size. The pattern of food energy allocation between the major components of the energy budget varied with dietary protein content and ration levels. The energy lost as heat of metabolism was found to increase with dietary protein level and total ration. Energy lost as faeces 'F' varied from 19 - 24% of 'C' and did not appear to be related to either protein content or ration levels. Nitrogenous excretion increased with an increase of dietary protein but decreased with an increase of ration level in the diet. Regression equations were developed from the data to allow prediction of respiratory energy loss 'R', faecal energy loss 'F' and energy lost through excretion 'U' from the food ingested V. Complete energy budget models compiled from experiments conducted over a 17 days period and using different diets did not successfully predict the actual growth. The energy budget balance was between 66.04% and 81.96%. Observed growth was less than predicted growth in every trial and it is suggested that this difference might have been due to short-term cyclic growth regulation and other minor experimental features. The data presented form the basis for the first reported study of total energy budgets in Cyprinus carpio.
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Silva, Roberto de Souza Gomes da. "Obtenção de gelatina utilizando cabeças de carpa comum (Cyprinus carpio): avaliação das etapas de pré-tratamento e extração." reponame:Repositório Institucional da FURG, 2010. http://repositorio.furg.br/handle/1/2574.

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Dissertação(mestrado) - Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia e Ciência de Alimentos, Escola de Química e Alimentos, 2010.
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A carpa comum (Cyprinus carpio) é conhecida por ser geradora de quantidade considerável de rejeitos mal aproveitados por indústrias pesqueiras. Estes rejeitos são constituídos por vísceras, peles, ossos e cabeças. Diversos fatores têm contribuído para a utilização de cabeças de carpa provenientes da industrialização, dentre estes a quantidade de cabeças desperdiçadas, que pode atingir 22% do volume da matériaprima, e é uma fonte de nutrientes de baixo custo e rica em colágeno. A maioria das gelatinas comerciais é derivada de mamíferos, sendo peles e ossos de bovinos e suínos as principais matérias-primas do produto. A gelatina é de uma proteína pura, digestível, que se obtém a partir da hidrólise à quente do colágeno, e por este motivo, o pescado torna-se uma potencial fonte de matéria-prima. A aplicação da gelatina é diversificada, podendo ser utilizada na indústria cosmética, farmacêutica,fotográfica e alimentícia. O presente estudo foi dividido em dois objetivos. Primeiramente foram avaliados os efeitos da concentração alcalina, tempo de pré-tratamento e prétratamentos com ou sem troca de solução alcalina do material para a obtenção de gelatina das peles das cabeças de carpa. Foi utilizado um planejamento fatorial 23 completo, e os fatores de estudo foram concentração de NaOH (3-4 M), tempo de prétratamento(45-105 min), e troca de solução de NaOH no pré-tratamento, tendo como respostas rendimento em gelatina, força do gel e ponto de fusão. Na segunda etapa, os ossos remanescentes deste processo foram utilizados para o estudo da influência da granulometria (1-2 mm) nas respostas consideradas das gelatinas extraídas da fração óssea, através da comparação das médias pela aplicação do teste de Tukey, com intervalo de 95% de confiança. Foram realizadas quatro extrações com pH e temperaturas de cada extração de 5,3-60°C, 4,4-70°C, 3,8-80°C e 3,6-85°C. Para as gelatinas extraídas das peles, o maior rendimento (2,27%) foi obtido com solução de NaOH 3 M, 45 min e sem troca de solução no pré-tratamento. Os maiores valores de força do gel (298,7 g) e ponto de fusão (29°C) foram obtidos a concentração de solução NaOH 3 M, 45 min e sem troca de solução alcalina. Para as gelatinas extraídas dos ossos, o maior rendimento (4,86%) foi obtido na granulometria de 1 mm. Os maiores valores de força do gel (128,2 e 131,5 g) não apresentaram diferença significativa (p≤0,05) e foram encontrados na primeira extração das granulometrias de 1 e 2 mm, respectivamente. Na fração óssea a 2 mm, se obteve o maior ponto de fusão, sendo 28,5°C na a primeira extração. O rendimento total da gelatina obtida a partir das cabeças de carpa foi de 7,13%.
Common carp (Cyprinus carpio) is known to produce large amount of byproduct does not made use for fisheries industries. These byproduct can be viscera, skin, bone and head, all riches in collagen. Several factors have been contributing to the use of the carp head coming from industrialization, among which the amount of carp head wasted, with which it can reach around 22% of the volume of the raw material, and it is a source of low costs nutrients. Most of commercial gelatin is derived from mammalian, being skins and bones of bovine and porcine the main raw material of this foodstuff. Gelatin is a pure and digestible protein, which is obtained from hydrolysis of the collagen, and for this reason, the fish become a potential source from raw material. Its application is branched out, being able to used in the cosmetic, pharmaceutical, photographic and food industries. The present study was divided into two parts. At first, it was valued the effect of alkaline concentration, pre-treatment time of the raw material, and treatment with and without change of alkaline solution, in the process of extraction of skin/muscles fraction gelatin of carp head coming from manufacturing processing of this fish. It was used 23 complete experimental design. Pre-treatment time (45-105 min), concentration of alkaline solution (3-4 M) and pre-treatment with change of alkaline solution were chosen as independent variable. Gelatin yield, gel strength and melting point were the response variable. At the second part, was valued of the influence of the bones granulometry (1-2 mm), remaining of the skin extraction of common carp head, in the gelatin yield, gel strength and melting point through the average results comparison by the Tukey test, where differences were considered significant at p≤0.05. It was used four extraction with pH and temperature of each extraction 5.3-60°C, 4.4-70°C, 3.8-80°C and 3.6-85°C. To the skin gelatin the higher gelatin yield (2.27%) was obtained with NaOH solution 3 M, 45 min and pre-treatment without change of alkaline solution. The higher gel strength (298.7 g) was achieved using NaOH solution 3 M, 105 min and pre-treatment without change of the alkaline solution. As for the melting point, the higher value (29.1°C) was obtained with NaOH solution 4 M, 45 min, and pre-treatment with change of NaOH solution. To the bones extraction, the higher gelatin yield was reached with size 1 mm (4.86%). The higher gel strength (128.2 and 131.5 g) were not significantly difference, and they were found in the first extraction with bones size 1 and 2 mm, respectively. Using 2 mm of granulometry, it was possible to obtain the higher melting point values, being 28.5°C to the first extraction.
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Sy, Dicken. "Characterization and purification of sex hormone binding globulin in the common carp (Cyprinus carpio) /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1998. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B19470484.

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Books on the topic "Common carp"

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Gizella, Tamás, Coche A. G, and Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations., eds. Common carp. Rome: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, 1985.

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Wohlfarth, Giora Werner. Selective breeding of common carp and tilapias. Birmingham: University of Birmingham, 1988.

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V, Pullin Roger S., ed. A hatchery manual for the common, Chinese, and Indian major carps. Manila, Philippines: Asian Development Bank, 1985.

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Bakos, J. Genetic resources of common carp at the Fish Culture Research Institute, Szarvas, Hungary. Rome: FAO, 2001.

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Ahmad, Tagried Shahab. The effect of non-steroid growth promotants on the growth of common carp. Birmingham: Aston University.Department of Molecular Sciences, 1986.

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Mueller, Karl W. 1999 Green Lake surveys: Aspects of the biology of common carp with notes on the warmwater fish community. Olympia, WA: Washington Dept. of Fish and Wildlife, Fish Program, Fish Management Division, Warmwater Enhancement Program, 2000.

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Mueller, Karl W. 1999 Green Lake surveys: Aspects of the biology of common carp with notes on the warmwater fish community. Olympia, WA: Washington Dept. of Fish and Wildlife, Fish Program, Fish Management Division, Warmwater Enhancement Program, 2000.

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Lee, K. E. Water quality assessment of the Upper Mississippi River Basin, Minnesota and Wisconsin-polychlorinated biphenyls in common carp and walleye fillets, 1975-95. Mounds View, Minn: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, 1998.

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Edwards, Terry D. Common care counseling handbook. South Lake Tahoe, Calif: Christian Equippers International, 1992.

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Wendt, Wolf Rainer. Ecology of Common Care. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-65699-7.

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Book chapters on the topic "Common carp"

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Zaslavski, Alexander J. "Abstract Version of CARP Algorithm." In Approximate Solutions of Common Fixed-Point Problems, 251–88. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-33255-0_7.

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Horváth, Laszlo. "Egg Development (Oogenesis) in the Common Carp (Cyprinus Carpio L.)." In Recent Advances in Aquaculture, 31–77. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-8736-7_2.

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Hu, Xuesong, Yanlong Ge, Chitao Li, Zhiying Jia, Mei Shang, Shihui Wang, and Lianyu Shi. "Developments in Common Carp Culture and Selective Breeding of New Varieties." In Aquaculture in China, 125–48. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons Ltd, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119120759.ch2_3.

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Jorjani, Sarah, Afshin Ghelichi, and Hossein Jorjani. "Comparison of Chemical Compositions and Fatty Acid Profile of Cultured Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio) and Silver Carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix)." In Biology Education and Research in a Changing Planet, 167–72. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-287-524-2_17.

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Elizalde-Velázquez, Armando, Martínez-Rodríguez Héctor, Marcela Galar-Martínez, Luis Gerardo Bernadac Villegas, Octavio Dublán-García, and Leobardo Manuel Gómez-Oliván. "Genotoxic Effect of Amoxicillin on Peripheral Blood of Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio)." In Pollution of Water Bodies in Latin America, 339–49. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-27296-8_20.

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San Juan-Reyes, Nely, Leobardo Manuel Gómez-Oliván, Hariz Islas-Flores, Marcela Galar-Martínez, Sandra García-Medina, and Ricardo Pérez-Pastén Borja. "Toxicity Produced by an Industrial Effluent from Mexico on the Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio)." In Pollution of Water Bodies in Latin America, 23–41. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-27296-8_2.

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Peng, Xu, Li Jiongtang, and Xiaowen Sun. "Dealing with Complex Polyploidy Genomes: Considerations for Assembly and Annotation of the Common Carp Genome." In Bioinformatics in Aquaculture, 110–21. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118782392.ch7.

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Jawad, Laith A., Mustafa S. Faddagh Ziyadi, and Abbas J. Al-Faisal. "The Common Carp, Cyprinus carpio: Effect on the Environment and the Indigenous Fish Species in Iraq." In Tigris and Euphrates Rivers: Their Environment from Headwaters to Mouth, 877–96. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-57570-0_37.

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Jeney, Z., G. Jeney, and J. Oláh. "Effect of Lethal Dose of Thrichlorphon on Different Biochemical and Physiological Parameters of Common Carp (Cyprinus Carpio L.)." In Archives of Toxicology, 299. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-69928-3_54.

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Fan, Ze, Xiuting Qiao, Jinhui Sun, Pei Cui, Zhenzhen Fang, Dongqing Bai, and Zhenyan Cheng. "Protein Sparing Effect of Carbohydrate on Growth Performance, Digestion Ability of Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio) at Different Feeding Frequencies." In Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, 191–202. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-4801-2_20.

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Conference papers on the topic "Common carp"

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Murchy, Kelsie A., Brooke J. Vetter, Marybeth K. Brey, Jon J. Amberg, Mark P. Gaikowski, and Allen F. Mensinger. "Not all carp are created equal: Impacts of broadband sound on common carp swimming behavior." In 22nd International Congress on Acoustics: Acoustics for the 21st Century. Acoustical Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/2.0000314.

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Fan, Ze, Jinghui Li, Zhenyan Cheng, Baolong Zhang, Mu Qu, Jinhui Sun, Dongqing BAI, and Xiuting Qiao. "Protein Sparing Effect of Lipid in Diets for Common Carp(Cyprinus carpio)." In 2015 International Symposium on Energy Science and Chemical Engineering. Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/isesce-15.2015.73.

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Keller, Robert. "Ecological Separation with Hydraulic Connectivity—An Engineering Solution to Eliminate Common Carp from Environmental Flows in Australia." In World Environmental And Water Resources Congress 2012. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784412312.134.

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Beiwi, Doaa Ali, and Ali Al-Hisnawi. "Effect of Bacillus subtilis as probiotic on intestinal microbiota and growth performance of common carp (Cyprinus carpio)." In INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF NUMERICAL ANALYSIS AND APPLIED MATHEMATICS ICNAAM 2019. AIP Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0027550.

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Al-jebory, Taymaa A., Simon K. Das, Gires Usup, Y. Bakar, and Ali H. Al-saadi. "Length-weight and length-length relationships of common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) in the middle and southern Iraq provinces." In THE 2017 UKM FST POSTGRADUATE COLLOQUIUM: Proceedings of the University Kebangsaan Malaysia, Faculty of Science and Technology 2017 Postgraduate Colloquium. Author(s), 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5027940.

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Liang, Liqun, Yumei Chang, Qingwei Zou, and Qingquan Lei. "Cloning and association analysis with cold adaptation of NADH-quinone oxidoreductase 3 subunit gene from common carp Cyprinus carpio." In 2009 IEEE 9th International Conference on the Properties and Applications of Dielectric Materials (ICPADM). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icpadm.2009.5252289.

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Currie, Helen Ann Laura, Paul R. White, Timothy Leighton, and Paul S. Kemp. "Group behavioral responses of juvenile common carp (Cyprinus carpio) to pulsed tonal stimuli in the presence of masking noise." In 178th Meeting of the Acoustical Society of America. ASA, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/2.0001180.

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SAVESCU, Anca. "THE EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT DENSITIES ON THE GROWTH PERFORMANCE AND FEEDING EFFICIENCY OF COMMON CARP FRY IN RECIRCULATING AQUACULTURE SYSTEMS." In 19th SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference EXPO Proceedings. STEF92 Technology, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2019/6.1/s25.137.

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Goran, Siraj Muhammed Abdulla, Samad Sofy Omar, and Ayub Youns Anwer. "Assessment of yeast as a dietary additive on haematology and water quality of common carp in a recirculating aquaculture system." In 6TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE AND WORKSHOPS ON BASIC AND APPLIED SCIENCES. Author(s), 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5004300.

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Li, Lianrui, Qiang Lu, Haiyang Gu, Lijun Xu, Genyuan Chen, and Wenbin Zuo. "Isolation and Analysis of Differential Expression Genes on Common Carp Peripheral Leucocyte Stimulated and Non-Stimulated with Mitogen by DDRT-PCR." In 2009 2nd International Conference on Biomedical Engineering and Informatics. IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/bmei.2009.5305096.

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Reports on the topic "Common carp"

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David, Lior, Yaniv Palti, Moshe Kotler, Gideon Hulata, and Eric M. Hallerman. Genetic Basis of Cyprinid Herpes Virus-3 Resistance in Common Carp. United States Department of Agriculture, January 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2011.7592645.bard.

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The goal of this project was to provide scientific and technical basis for initiating the development of breeding protocols using marker assisted selection for viral disease resistance in common carp. The specific objectives were: 1) Establishing families and characterizing the phenotypic and genetic variation of viral resistance; 2) Measuring the dynamics of immune response and developing a method to measure the long term immune memory; 3) Developing markers and generating a new genetic linkage map, which will enable initial QTL mapping; and, 4) Identifying genetic linkage of markers and candidate genes (like MHC and TLRs) with resistance to CyHV-3. The common carp is an important farmed freshwater fish species in the world. Edible carp is second only to tilapia in Israeli aquaculture production and ornamental carp (koi) is an important product in both the US and Israel. Carp industries worldwide have recently suffered enormous economic damage due to a viral disease caused by Cyprinid herpes virus 3 (CyHV-3). Aside from preventative measures, a sustainable solution to this problem will be to establish a genetic improvement program of the resistance of fish to the pathogen. The aims of the project was to take the necessary first steps towards that. The differences in survival rates after infection with CyHV-3 virus among 20 families from six types of crosses between three carp lines (two commercial lines and one wild-type carp) revealed that the wild-type carp and its crosses had a much-improved survival over the crosses of the commercial lines themselves. These crosses set the starting point for breeding of commercial strains with improved resistance. Resistant fish had lower antibody titer against the virus suggesting that resistance might depend more on the innate immunity. A set of 500 microsateliite markers was developed and the markers are currently being used for generating a genetic linkage map for carp and for identifying disease resistance QTL. Fourteen candidate immune genes, some of which were duplicated, were cloned from the carp and SNP markers were identified in them. The expression of these genes varied between tissues and suggested functional divergence of some duplicated genes. Initial association between CyHV-3 resistance and one of the genes was found when SNP alleles in these genes were tested for their segregation between susceptible and resistant progeny. The results of this project have implications to the development of viral resistant commercial carp strains and effective immunization against this aggressive disease. The genetic and immunological knowledge accumulated in this project will not only promote carp and koi production but will also contribute to a broader understanding of fish immunogenetics.
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Cherfas, Nina, William Shelton, and Gideon Hulata. Optimization of Chromosome Set and Sex Manipulations in Common Carp, Cyprinus Carpio L. United States Department of Agriculture, October 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1993.7603839.bard.

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Hedrick, Ronald, and Herve Bercovier. Characterization and Control of KHV, A New Herpes Viral Pathogen of Koi and Common Carp. United States Department of Agriculture, January 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2004.7695871.bard.

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In this project we proposed to characterize the virus genome and the structural virion polypeptides to allow development of improved diagnostic approaches and potential vaccination strategies. These goals have been mostly achieved and the corresponding data were published in three papers (see below) and three more manuscripts are in preparation. The virion polypeptides of KHV strains isolated from USA (KHV-U) and Israel (KHV-I) were found to be identical. Purified viral DNA analyzed with a total of 5 restriction enzymes demonstrated no fragment length polymorphism between KHV-I and KHV-U but both KHV isolates differed significantly from the cyprinid herpesvirus (CHV) and the ictalurid herpesvirus (channel catfish virus or CCV). Using newly obtained viral DNA sequences two different PCR assays were developed that need to be now further tested in the field. We determined by pulse field analysis that the size of KHV genome is around 280 kbp (1-1. Bercovier, unpublished results). Sequencing of the viral genome of KHV has reached the stage where 180 kbp are sequenced (twice and both strands). Four hypothetical genes were detected when DNA sequences were translated into amino acid sequences. The finding of a gene of real importance, the thymidine kinase (TK) led us to extend the study of this specific gene. Four other genes related to DNA synthesis were found. PCR assays based on defined sequences were developed. The PCR assay based on TK gene sequence has shown improved sensitivity in the detection of KHV DNA compared to regular PCR assays. </P> <P><SPAN>With the ability to induce experimental infections in koi with KHV under controlled laboratory conditions we have studied the progress and distribution of virus in host tissues, the development of immunity and the establishment of latent infections. Also, we have investigated the important role of water temperature on severity of infections and mortality of koi following infections with KHV. These initial studies need to be followed by an increased focus on long-term fate of the virus in survivors. This is essential in light of the current &quot;controlled exposure program&quot; used by farmers to produce KHV &quot;naturally resistant fish&quot; that may result in virus or DNA carriers. </SPAN></P> <P><SPAN>The information gained from the research of this project was designed to allow implementation of control measures to prevent the spread of the virus both by improved diagnostic approaches and preventive measures. We have accomplished most of these goals but further studies are needed to establish even more reliable methods of prevention with increased emphases on improved diagnosis and a better understanding of the ecology of KHV. </SPAN>
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Bercovier, Herve, and Ronald P. Hedrick. Diagnostic, eco-epidemiology and control of KHV, a new viral pathogen of koi and common carp. United States Department of Agriculture, December 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2007.7695593.bard.

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Original objectives and revisions-The proposed research included these original objectives: field validation of diagnostic tests (PCR), the development and evaluation of new sensitive tools (LC-PCR/TaqManPCR, antibody detection by ELISA) including their use to study the ecology and the epidemiology of KHV (virus distribution in the environment and native cyprinids) and the carrier status of fish exposed experimentally or naturally to KHV (sites of virus replication and potential persistence or latency). In the course of the study we completed the genome sequence of KHV and developed a DNA array to study the expression of KHV genes in different conditions. Background to the topics-Mass mortality of koi or common carp has been observed in Israel, USA, Europe and Asia. These outbreaks have reduced exports of koi from Israel and have created fear about production, import, and movements of koi and have raised concerns about potential impacts on native cyprinid populations in the U.S.A. Major conclusions-A suite of new diagnostic tools was developed that included 3 PCR assays for detection of KHV DNA in cell culture and fish tissues and an ELISA assay capable of detecting anti-KHV antibodies in the serum of koi and common carp. The TKPCR assay developed during the grant has become an internationally accepted gold standard for detection of viral DNA. Additionally, the ELISA developed for detecting serum anti-KHV antibodies is now in wide use as a major nonlethal screening tool for evaluating virus status of koi and common carp populations. Real time PCR assays have been able to detect viral DNA in the internal organs of survivors of natural and wild type vaccine exposures at 1 and 10³ genome equivalents at 7 months after exposure. In addition, vaccinated fish were able to transmit the virus to naive fish. Potential control utilizing hybrids of goldfish and common carp for production demonstrated they were considerably more resistant than pure common carp or koi to both KHV (CyHV-3). There was no evidence that goldfish or other tested endemic cyprinids species were susceptible to KHV. The complete genomic sequencing of 3 strains from Japan, the USA, and Israel revealed a 295 kbp genome containing a 22 kbp terminal direct repeat encoding clear gene homologs to other fish herpesviruses in the family Herpesviridae. The genome encodes156 unique protein-coding genes, eight of which are duplicated in the terminal repeat. Four to seven genes are fragmented and the loss of these genes may be associated with the high virulence of the virus. Viral gene expression was studies by a newly developed chip which has allowed verification of transcription of most all hypothetical genes (ORFs) as well as their kinetics. Implications, both scientific and agricultural- The results from this study have immediate application for the control and management of KHV. The proposal provides elements key to disease management with improved diagnostic tools. Studies on the ecology of the virus also provide insights into management of the virus at the farms that farmers will be able to apply immediately to reduce risks of infections. Lastly, critical issues that surround present procedures used to create “resistant fish” must be be resolved (e.g. carriers, risks, etc.). Currently stamping out may be effective in eradicating the disease. The emerging disease caused by KHV continues to spread. With the economic importance of koi and carp and the vast international movements of koi for the hobby, this disease has the potential for even further spread. The results from our studies form a critical component of a comprehensive program to curtail this emerging pathogen at the local, regional and international levels.
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Dunham, Rex A., Boaz Moav, Thomas Chen, and Benzion Cavari. Expression and Inheritance of Growth Hormone Gene Constructs and Selective Breeding of Transgenic Farmed Fish. United States Department of Agriculture, August 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1994.7568774.bard.

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Objectives: To accomplish stable expression, inheritance of transgenes and growth improvement in transgenic channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus, and common carp, Cyprinus carpio, containing growth hormone (GH) genes, develop transgenic fish with all fish constructs, determine the relationships between copy number, expression and growth, determine the combined affect of selective breeding and gene transfer and assess environmental risk of transgenic fish. To develop mechanisms of triploidization for transgenic carp. Results: Performance of transgenic channel catfish was made uniform by selection. Growth of channel catfish and common carp was improved 40-50% more by combining gene transfer of GH genes with selection and crossbreeding than with either selection of crossbreeding. Growth improvement of transgenic catfish was not strongly correlated with copy number and expression levels. Progress was made in producting triploid transgenic common carp. Insertion of salmonid GH gene did not alter reproductive performance in channel catfish. Transgenic channel catfish grew no faster than controls when they had to forage on natural food and transgenic individuals were slightly more vulnerable to predation indicating that fitness of transgenic individuals in natural conditions is less than or equal to non-transgenic channel catfish. Contribution to Agriculture: These experiments are the first to demonstrate that transgenic fish can increase aquaculture production in the aquaculture production in the aquaculture environment. This research also demonstrated that maximum benefit of gene transfer in farmed fish is attained when combined with traditional selective breeding.
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Kotler, Moshe, Larry Hanson, and Shane Burgess. Replication Defective Cyprinid Herpes Virus-3 (CyHV-3) as a Combined Prophylactic Vaccine in Carps. United States Department of Agriculture, December 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2010.7697104.bard.

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Aquacultured koi and common carp fish (Cyprinus carpio) are intensively bred as ornamental and food fish in many countries worldwide. Hatcheries of carp and koi have recently suffered massive financial damages due to two viral diseases caused by the Cyprinid herpesvirus-3 (CyHV-3), previously designated as Carp Interstitial Nephritis and Gill Necrosis Virus (CNGV) and Koi herpesvirus (KHV), and by the Spring Viremia of Carp Virus (SVCV). CyHV-3 is a large dsDNA virus, which is infectious mostly to koi and common carp, while SVCV is a rhabdovirus with a relatively broad host range. Both viruses induce contagious disease with mortality rate up to 90%. Strategies for the control of viral infection in fish are of limited use. While efforts to prevent introduction of infectious agents into culture facilities are desirable, such exclusion strategies are far from fail-safe. Extensive vaccination methods that are useful for use in aquaculture facilities produce weak immunity, when used with proteins or inactivated viruses. Methods to overcome this obstacle are to vaccinate the fish with large amounts of antigen and/or use adjuvant and immune modulators over a long period. These techniques usually require individual handling of the fish. On the other hand, live attenuated virus is efficient and economical when used as an immersionvaccine. However, this technique poses certain environmental risks and thus may be difficult to license and scale up. Another option is a vaccine based on the replication defective virus (RDV) (pseudovirus), which can infect cells, but is unable to produce infectious particles. This vaccine may circumvent many of the problems related to attenuated-live vaccine (e.g., inadvertent infection and reversion to the virulent strain).
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Yaron, Zvi, Martin P. Schreibman, Abigail Elizur, and Yonathan Zohar. Advancing Puberty in the Black Carp (Mylopharyngodon Piceus) and the Striped Bass (Morone Saxatilis). United States Department of Agriculture, August 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1993.7568102.bard.

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The black carp (bc)GtH IIb cDNA was amplified and isolated, cloned and sequenced. Comparison of the bcGtH IIb deduced a.a. sequence with that of GtH IIb from other teleosts revealed high homology to cyprinid species and a lower homology to salmonid or perciform fish. The gene coding for the GtH IIb was isolated and sequenced. Three bc recombinant phages which hybridized to the goldfish GtH Ib cDNA probe were isolated and are currently being characterized. The region coding for the mature GtH IIb was expressed in a bacterial expression vector resulting in the production of a recombinant protein. In vitro folding resulted in a protein only 1.3% of which displaced the native common carp GtH II in a RIA. Therefore, the common carp GtH RIA was utilized for the physiological studies at the current phase of the project. Two non-functional sites were identified along the brain-pituitary gonadal axis in the immature black carp. The pituitary is refractory to GnRH stimulation due to a block proximal to the activation of PKA and PKC probably at the level of GnRH receptors. The gonads, although capable of producing steroids, are refractory to gonadotropic stimulation but do respond to cAMP antagonists, indicating a block at the GtH receptor level. Attempts to advance puberty in 2 and 3 y old black carp showed that testosterone (T) stimulates GtH synthesis in the pituitary and increases its sensitivity to GnRh. A 2 month treatment combining T+GnRH increased the circulating GFtH level in 3 y old fish. Addition of domperidone to such a treatment facilitated both the accumulation of GtH in the pituitary and its response to GnRH. The cDNA of striped bass GtH a, Ib and IIb subunits were amplified, isolated, cloned and sequenced, and their deduced a.a. sequences were compared with those of other teleosts. A ribonuclease protection assay was developed for a sensitive and simultaneous determination of all GtH subunits, and of b-actin mRNAs of the striped bass. GnRH stimulated dramatically the expression of the a and GtH IIb subunits but the level of GtH Ib mRNA increased only moderately. These findings suggest that GtH-II, considered in salmonids to be involved only in final stages of gametogenesis, can be induced by GnRH to a higher extent than GtH-I in juvenile striped bass. The native GtH II of the striped bass was isolated and purified, and an ELISA for its determination was developed. The production of all recombinant striped bass GtH subunits is in progress using the insect cell (Sf9) culture and the BAC-TO-BAC baculovirus expression system. A recombinant GtH IIb subunit has been produced already, and its similarity to the native subunit was confirmed. The yield of the recombinant glycoprotein can reach 3.5 mg/ml after 3 days culture. All male striped bass reach puberty after 3 y. However, precocious puberty was discovered in 1 and 2 y old males. Females become vitellogenic during their 4th year. In immature 2 y old females, T treatment elevates the pituitary GtH II content while GnRH only potentiates the effect. However, in males GnRH and not T affects GtH accumulation in the pituitary. Neither GnRH, nor T treatment resulted in gonadal growth in 2 y old striped bass, indicating that either the accumulated GtH II was not released, or if released, the gonads were refractory to GtH stimulation, similar to the situation in the immature black carp. In 3 y old female striped bass, 150 day GnRHa treatment resulted in an increase in GSI, while T treatment, with or without GnRHa, resulted in a decrease in oocyte diameter, similar to the effect seen in the black carp. Further attempts to advance puberty in both fish species should take into account the positive effect of T on pituitary GtH and its negative effect of ovarian growth.
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Yaron, Zvi, Abigail Elizur, Martin Schreibman, and Yonathan Zohar. Advancing Puberty in the Black Carp (Mylopharyngodon piceus) and the Striped Bass (Morone saxatilis). United States Department of Agriculture, January 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2000.7695841.bard.

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Both the genes and cDNA sequences encoding the b-subunits of black carp LH and FSH were isolated, cloned and sequenced. Sequence analysis of the bcFSHb and LHb5'flanking regions revealed that the promoter region of both genes contains canonical TATA sequences, 30 bp and 17 bp upstream of the transcription start site of FSHb and LHb genes, respectively. In addition, they include several sequences of cis-acting motifs, required for inducible and tissue-specific transcriptional regulation: the gonadotropin-specific element (GSE), GnRH responsive element (GRE), half sites of estrogen and androgen response elements, cAMP response element, and AP1. Several methods have been employed by the Israeli team to purify the recombinant b subunits (EtOH precipitation, gel filtration and lentil lectin). While the final objective to produce pure recombinantGtH subunits has not yet been achieved, we have covered much ground towards this goal. The black carp ovary showed a gradual increase in both mass and oocyte diameter. First postvitellogenic oocytes were found in 5 yr old fish. At this age, the testes already contained spermatozoa. The circulating LH levels increased from 0.5 ng/ml in 4 yr old fish to >5ng/ml in 5 yr old fish. In vivo challenge experiments in black carp showed the initial LH response of the pituitary to GnRH in 4 yr old fish. The response was further augmented in 5 yr old fish. The increase in estradiol level in response to gonadotropic stimulation was first noted in 4 yr old fish but this response was much stronger in the following year. In vivo experiments on the FSHb and LHb mRNA levels in response to GnRH were carried out on common carp as a model for synchronom spawning cyprinids. These experiments showed the prevalence of FSHP in maturing fish while LHP mRNA was prevalent in mature fish, especially in females. The gonadal fat-pad was found to originate from the retroperitoneal mesoderm and not from the genital ridge, thus differing from that reported in certain amphibians This tissue possibly serves as the major source of sex steroids in the immature black carp. However, such a function is taken over by the developing gonads in 4 yr old fish. In the striped bass, we described the ontogeny of the neuro-endocrine parameters along the brain-pituitary-gonadal axis during the first four years of life, throughout gonadal development and the onset of puberty. We also described the responsiveness of the reproductive axis to long-term hormonal manipulations at various stages of gonadal development. Most males reached complete sexual maturity during the first year of life. Puberty was initiated during the third year of life in most females, but this first reproductive cycle did not lead to the acquisition of full sexual maturity. This finding indicates that more than one reproductive cycle may be required before adulthood is reached. Out of the three native GnRHs present in striped bass, only sbGnRH and cGnRH II increased concomitantly with the progress of gonadal development and the onset of puberty. This finding, together with data on GtH synthesis and release, suggests that while sbGnRH and cGnRH II may be involved in the regulation of puberty in striped bass, these neuropeptides are not limiting factors to the onset of puberty. Plasma LH levels remained low in all fish, suggesting that LH plays only a minor role in early gonadal development. This hypothesis was further supported by the finding that experimentally elevated plasma LH levels did not result in the induction of complete ovarian and testicular development. The acquisition of complete puberty in 4 yr old females was associated with a rise in the mRNA levels of all GtH subunit genes, including a 218-fold increase in the mRNA levels of bFSH. mRNA levels of the a and PLH subunits increased only 11- and 8-fold, respectively. Although data on plasma FSH levels are unavailable, the dramatic increase in bFSH mRNA suggests a pivotal role for this hormone in regulating the onset and completion of puberty in striped bass. The hormonal regulation of the onset of puberty and of GtH synthesis and release was studied by chronic administration of testosterone (T) and/or an analog of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (G). Sustained administration of T+G increased the mRNA levels of the PLH subunit to the values characteristic of sexually mature fish, and also increased the plasma levels of LH. However, these changes did not result in the acceleration of sexual maturation. The mRNA levels of the bFSH subunit were slightly stimulated, but remained about 1/10 of the values characteristic of sexually mature fish. It is concluded that the stimulation of FSH gene expression and release does not lead to the acceleration of sexual maturity, and that the failure to sufficiently stimulate the bFSH subunit gene expression may underlie the inability of the treatments to advance sexual maturity. Consequently, FSH is suggested to be the key hormone to the initiation and completion of puberty in striped bass. Future efforts to induce precocious puberty in striped bass should focus on understanding the regulation of FSH synthesis and release and on developing technologies to induce these processes. Definite formulation of hormonal manipulation to advance puberty in the striped bass and the black carp seems to be premature at this stage. However, the project has already yielded a great number of experimental tools of DNA technology, slow-release systems and endocrine information on the process of puberty. These systems and certain protocols have been already utilized successfully to advance maturation in other fish (e.g. grey mullet) and will form a base for further study on fish puberty.
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Dixon, Mary. DOD Common Access Card Information Brief. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, July 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada400124.

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Barnett, Michael, Andrew Olenski, and Adam Sacarny. Common Practice: Spillovers from Medicare on Private Health Care. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, May 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w27270.

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