Journal articles: 'Commercialisation'

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Larner, Wendy. "Beyond commercialisation." Social Anthropology 20, no. 3 (August 2012): 287–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8676.2012.00209.x.

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Szalavetz, Andrea. "Policy support to commercialisation and Europe's 'commercialisation gap'." International Journal of Technology Transfer and Commercialisation 13, no. 3/4 (2015): 212. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijttc.2015.075835.

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Materna, Matúš, Benedikt Badánik, Alena Novák Sedláčková, and Andrea Maternová. "Commercialisation of Air Navigation Service Providers – Evidence from Europe." Promet - Traffic&Transportation 33, no. 5 (October 8, 2021): 647–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.7307/ptt.v33i5.3868.

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This paper deals with the on-going process of commercialisation of air navigation service providers (ANSPs) with specific focus on Europe. First part offers overview of conducted research on their commercialisation and identifies two main external drivers for the emergence of commercialisation – liberalisation of national markets and demand for other ANS related services. Our research also proposes methodology for numerical assessment of the degree of commercialisation based on the ANSP’s Commercialisation Index (ACI) and presents numerical evaluation of the ACI index of 35 European providers and proposes six different categories of providers reflecting different degree of their commercialisation. Results reveal that 63% of the European ANSPs show signs of commercialisation. On top of that, our outcomes prove that corporatisation cannot be considered a direct manifestation of commercialisation. Despite the most widely accepted view that corporatised providers are commercially active, the findings show that almost 40% of corporatised European ANSPs are not commercially active. The paper also claims that ownership of subsidiaries and joint ventures is the most dominant demonstration of commercialisation. At the same time, our outcomes show that the provision and development of commercial services and products related to ANS are the most common commercial activities of the European ANSPs.

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Poteralska, Beata, and Marzena Walasik. "Supporting Industrial Implementation of R&D Results with Commercialisation Models." Engineering Management in Production and Services 14, no. 2 (June 1, 2022): 56–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/emj-2022-0016.

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Abstract The paper aims to present commercialisation models for advanced technologies and services which can be applied in an R&D organisation. Against the background of the literature review on theoretical and practically verified commercialisation models, and marketing strategies and tools, the authors propose an original model, 7MWwBP, composed of several hybrid submodels. The model is intended to support commercialisation processes carried out at R&D organisations. The model is based on the input criteria (the type of innovation and the character of the innovation related to the market demand scale), and it indicates possible commercialisation paths (sale, licence, provision of a service, or a spin-off) and sets of dedicated marketing tools (BTL). The advantage of the model is that an R&D result (innovation) is its focal point, and the whole commercialisation process depends on it. The model aims to mitigate an empirical and research gap as regards commercialisation models suitable for R&D organisations. Furthermore, the model is distinguished by a holistic approach, which is not common for the commercialisation models described in the literature, as they do not comprehensively consider the relationship between the models and the type and character of a technological solution, commercialisation path, and the marketing tools used for commercialisation of R&D results. All the listed aspects are considered and included in the 7MWwBP model, which makes it suitable for the commercialisation of R&D results originating from research organisations, as presented in and substantiated by the example of an actual commercialisation process concerning R&D results in the field of optomechatronics.

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Wadbring, Ingela. "Levels of Commercialisation." Relation 1 (2014): 119–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1553/relation4s119.

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Prabhakar, Rajiv. "Commercialisation or Citizenship?" Politics 24, no. 3 (September 2004): 215–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9256.2004.00222.x.

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Humphreys, Ian. "Privatisation and commercialisation." Journal of Transport Geography 7, no. 2 (June 1999): 121–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0966-6923(98)00038-6.

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Wolff, Frederick. "Commercialisation of medicine." Lancet 347, no. 9001 (March 1996): 621. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(96)91323-9.

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Fisher, Mark. "Conservation Through Commercialisation." Economic Affairs 14, no. 3 (April 1994): 15–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0270.1994.tb00189.x.

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Tkeshelashvili, Ketevan, Pawan Kumar Dutt, and Miranda Gurgenidze. "Commercialisation of Intellectual Property: A Comparative Analysis of Georgia and Estonia." TalTech Journal of European Studies 14, no. 1 (June 1, 2024): 22–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/bjes-2024-0002.

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Abstract Commercialisation of intellectual property (IP) constitutes a vital part of a state’s economy and signifi cantly contributes to the development and success of any innovative project. At the same time, commercialisation of IP is directly linked to the adopted legislation on patent rights as it regulates the protection and exploitation of IP. This article seeks to compare the IP commercialisation frameworks in Georgia and Estonia and identify the challenges encountered in patent protection mechanisms in Georgia. Estonia and Georgia are both located in the Eastern European region and share similar legal systems and constitutions. By aligning its legislative framework with European Union standards and supporting universities and fostering a culture of innovation, Estonia sets a notable example in IP commercialisation. However, Georgia’s legislative framework still lacks certain elements that are crucial for developing IP commercialisation. The low number of registered patent applications in Georgia indicates the challenges and obstacles in this fi eld. The comparison of legal frameworks and practices in these countries can provide important insights into the challenges and solutions in IP commercialisation. The article examines how inefficient legislative framework leads to inconsistent patent protection mechanisms in Georgia, creating barriers in IP commercialisation, while underlining Estonia’s success in innovation and the establishment of a progressive IP commercialisation landscape. The article also presents a set of recommendations for Georgia to align its framework with EU standards, initiating joining the European Patent Convention, strengthening IP enforcement, and promoting open IP policies in universities, following Estonia’s model.

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Chawala, Moffat, Bruce Mwiya, Juvenalis Tembo, Gillian Kabwe, Matthew Banda, Lipepa Nyambe, Edwin Kasanda, Justice Bwalya, Progress Choongo, and Mukwemba Mangangu. "Applying the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) in Village Chicken Farmers’ Commercialisation Intention – Evidence from North Western Zambia." International Journal of Multidisciplinary Comprehensive Research 2, no. 4 (2023): 89–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.54660/ijmcr.2023.2.4.89-97.

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Purpose: This paper contributes to the smallholder agriculture commercialisation literature by applying the Theory of Planned Behaviour in a developing country context. The study examines the Influence of Attitude, Subjective norms and Perceived behavioural control on the Commercialisation scaling-up Intent among smallholder village chicken farmers in North-western Zambia. Furthermore, the mediating role of commercialisation practices Intention is examined. Design/methodology/approach: Based on a quantitative correlational design, primary sample data were collected using a structured questionnaire from 556 village chicken smallholder farmers from two farming blocks in North-western Zambia. The data were analysed using statistical correlation and regression models. Findings: The findings indicate that attitudes, subjective norms, perceived behavioural control as well as commercialisation practices Intention have unique positive significant effects on Commercialisation practices intention (CPI). Further, CPI in turn positively Influences Commercialisation scaling-up intention (CSI). Research limitations/implications: Notwithstanding the research limitations such as the study being cross-sectional and based on one district in Zambia, the findings have important implications. For policymakers and enterprise support institutions, understanding the socio-psychological factors of smallholder farmers are important before introducing any interventions to promote the commercialisation of the village chicken. Additionally, for scaling-up to occur, farmers need to be encouraged to adopt commercialisation practices in management, investment and marketing. This would increase the chances of transitioning from subsistence to commercial farming. Originality: The study is among the first to apply the theory of planned behaviour in the village chicken value chain in the under-researched Zambian context.

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Razwinani, Mapula, Ndivhuho Tshikovhi, and Keolebogile Motaung. "Benefits and Challenges of Research Commercialisation in South Africa: A Systemic Review." African Journal of Inter/Multidisciplinary Studies 6, no. 1 (2024): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.51415/ajims.v6i1.1210.

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In developing countries, there is an increased emphasis on encouraging the commercialisation of research at universities. This triggers universities to adopt a culture of innovation and technological learning at both undergraduate and postgraduate levels. The focus of this review article is to highlight the benefits and challenges faced by researchers in the field of synthetic biology products, biotechnology, agribusiness, Biofuels and phytomedicine in commercialisation. The methodological approach was informed by a selection of electronic databases with a high chance of the selected field in relation to the commercialisation of the research outputs. Google Scholar, PubMed, and Higher Education and Science Technology South Africa Reports for entrepreneurial universities were searched, focusing on 2007 to 2023. The years proved to have played a role in furthering discussions and policy in research on commercialisation in South Africa, the benefits of research commercialisation, challenges of research commercialisation, its determinants, and its impact on academics, universities, and other stakeholders. The review findings suggest that the commercialisation of research is a challenging and complex task to execute, as there are very few cases in South Africa to have a successful academic intellectual property creation, licensing, academic entrepreneurship, and start-up of research. This is placed into context by the fact that the market for high-end products and processes is highly uncertain.

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Shahidan, Noor Hidayah, Ahmad Shaharudin Abdul Latif, and Sazali Abdul Wahab. "The Need for a University Start-up Framework for Commercialisation of Intellectual Property Rights (IPR): A Malaysia Perspective." Sustainable Business and Society in Emerging Economies 1, no. 2 (December 31, 2019): 123–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.26710/sbsee.v1i2.1112.

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Purpose: There is only 8% of Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) produced by the universities in Malaysia is being commercialized, therefore there is a need to increase the success rate of university start-up for sustainable income’s generation by the universities. The aim of this paper is to review the need for a university start-up framework especially for Malaysian universities, which would facilitate the commercialisation initiatives. Design/Methodology/Approach: Review of literatures, which was comprised of articles in the field of management, technology transfer, social and behavioral sciences as well as reports from Malaysian government agencies and commercialisation policies of 11 Malaysian universities. Qualitative content analysis method was used to analyze the commercialisation policies by 11 Malaysian universities. Findings: This paper reviews issues and challenges of IPR commercialisation from the perspective of academic researchers and industry, issues related to university start-up in the context of Malaysia and the need for a university start-up framework for commercialisation of IPR. Implications/Originality/Value: This paper is amongst the first to highlight on the issues of university start-up as a commercialisation vehicle in the context of Malaysia.

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Ginevičius, Romualdas, and Liudvikas Rimkus. "COMMERCIALISATION OF RESEARCH RESULTS IN HIGHER SCHOOLS." Technological and Economic Development of Economy 13, no. 1 (March 31, 2007): 10–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/13928619.2007.9637770.

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The commercialisation of research results is very important in the world now. The situation of this problem in Europe is analysed in the paper. The possibility to use 4–6 Framework programme projects for commercialisation of research results is discussed at large. The situation of the results commercialisation using international projects in Lithuania as an example of Vilnius Gediminas Technical University (VGTU) is surveyed. The analysis of international projects results for ten last years in the VGTU using research reports and archive data of the VGTU is performed. Proposals for developing the international projects and the way to intensify the research results of commercialisation in Lithuania are presented in conclusions.

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Dauncey, Hugh, and Geoffrey Hare. "La commercialisation du football." Sociétés & Représentations 7, no. 2 (1998): 265. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/sr.007.0265.

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Rodrigues, Jhonny. "Commercialisation of Pickering Emulsions." Johnson Matthey Technology Review 63, no. 1 (January 1, 2019): 14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1595/205651319x15398536316648.

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Neale, Michael R., and David R. Corkindale. "Improving New Technology Commercialisation." International Journal of Innovation Management 01, no. 04 (December 1997): 411–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1363919697000206.

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The marketing literature clearly indicates that one activity which is highly associated with the successful commercial development of new technology is the involvement of potential customers in the process as intimately and as early as possible. This paper summarises the literature on the value of customer involvement and concludes that the process of "co-development" has extra merit. This is not, however, universally employed by new technology originator firms. This paper also explores the apparent barriers to the involvement of customers and found that, among other things, trust seems to be an essential element in allowing technology originators to enter into necessary relationships with potential customers. It is likely that participants in such joint developments had experienced a number of similar, trusting business relationships. Those who rated themselves as being unwilling to divulge confidential information with potential customers, which is essential to the process, seemed to have few other trusting business relationships. The methodology that was used to explore the question empirically is described together with the fieldwork that was conducted. A single industry, the electronics industry, was examined in one state of Australia. The industry comprises small and medium-sized enterprises who trade with customers locally, nationally and internationally. A sample of 15 companies in the industry, as well as some of their customers, were subjected to purposive, in-depth interviews. The findings are drawn from this relatively small pool of qualitative data and the limitations of the study, as well as the areas for further research, are indicated at the end of the paper.

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Jackson, Mark J., and Grant M. Robinson. "Commercialisation of microgrinding wheels." International Journal of Technology Transfer and Commercialisation 7, no. 4 (2008): 455. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijttc.2008.021040.

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Vickers, M. D. "Commercialisation of medical education." BMJ 295, no. 6601 (September 26, 1987): 785. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.295.6601.785-a.

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Allen, M. "Commercialisation of medical education." BMJ 295, no. 6602 (October 3, 1987): 855. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.295.6602.855-a.

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Gilston, A. "Commercialisation of medical education." BMJ 295, no. 6605 (October 24, 1987): 1064. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.295.6605.1064-b.

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Leigh, J. M. "Commercialisation of medical education." BMJ 295, no. 6605 (October 24, 1987): 1064. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.295.6605.1064-c.

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Ting, D. N., T. Yeap, and Carey Chan. "Nanobiomaterials; Early Commercialisation Opportunities." Materials Technology 19, no. 1 (January 2004): 4–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10667857.2004.11753056.

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Hart, Julian Tudor. "Health, inequality and commercialisation." International Journal of Management Concepts and Philosophy 4, no. 2 (2010): 145. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijmcp.2010.034877.

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Walley, T., and S. Barton. "Commercialisation of disease management." Lancet 347, no. 9017 (June 1996): 1768–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(96)90848-x.

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Yip, Man, and James Lee. "The commercialisation of equity." Legal Studies 37, no. 4 (December 2017): 647–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/lest.12167.

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This paper analyses the jurisprudence on the relevance of the commercial context to principles of the law of equity and trusts. We criticise recent UK Supreme Court decisions in the area (chiefly Williams v Central Bank of Nigeria, FHR European Ventures v Cedar Capital Partners and AIB Group v Mark Redler & Co) and identify a trend of the ‘commercialisation’ of the issues. The cases are placed in comparative context and it is argued that there is an unsatisfactory pattern of judicial reasoning, exhibiting a preference for some degree of unarticulated flexibility in commercial adjudication. But the price of that flexibility is a lack of doctrinal coherence and the development of equitable principles that will apply in, and beyond, the commercial context. We also argue that this trend has important implications for the coming rounds of Supreme Court appointments.

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KUMAR, S. "Commercialisation haunts medical education." Lancet 342, no. 8881 (November 1993): 1227. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0140-6736(93)92196-z.

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Bensignor, Maurice. "Optalidon : arret de commercialisation." Douleurs : Evaluation - Diagnostic - Traitement 5, no. 1 (February 2004): 52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1624-5687(04)95481-9.

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Westgarth, David. "The commercialisation of dentistry." BDJ In Practice 36, no. 12 (December 4, 2023): 22–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41404-023-2233-1.

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ADENIYI, Adijat Bola. "Perception of Women on Commercialisation of the Nigeria-Canada Indigenous Vegetables Project in Southwestern Nigeria." International Journal of Economics, Business and Management Studies 8, no. 1 (September 16, 2021): 13–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.20448/802.81.13.23.

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The paper investigated the perception of women toward the commercialisation of the NICANVEG indigenous vegetables project. A survey research design was used for the study. Samples of 390 women (300 for quantitative and 90 for qualitative) were used for the study. The samples were selected from three out of the four states in Southwestern Nigeria where the project took place between 2011 and 2014. Two adapted instruments titled “Questionnaire on NICANVEG Project and Commercialisation (QNPC)” and “Interview on NICANVEG Project and Commercialisation” (INPC) were used to collect data. Data collected were analysed using percentages, relative significant index, chi-square and software package (Atlas ti) statistical analyses. The results showed that 182 (60.7%) of the women expressed a positive perception towards the commercialisation of the product. It was showed that the extent of involvement of women in the commercialisation indicated that 78.0% of the women participated in full-scale commercialisation of NICANVEG indigenous vegetables. Again, the result showed the major challenges facing commercialisation of the vegetables were expensive farm equipment ( = 3.57, RSI = 0.719), untimely fund ( = 3.53 RSI = 0.711) and poor market prices of vegetables ( = 3.32, RSI = 0.666). Above all, the result showed a significant relationship between levels of participation in the training on NICANVENG indigenous vegetables project and the extent of commercialization of the product (χ2 = 111.865, p < 0.05). The study concluded that positive perception of the participants had enhanced the commercialization of the indigenous vegetables.

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Biranvand, Ali. "Factors Affecting Knowledge Commercialization in University, A Case Study." DESIDOC Journal of Library & Information Technology 40, no. 02 (March 28, 2020): 421–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.14429/djlit.40.02.14829.

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Commercialisation is accounted as the third mission of the universities; it is the idea expressing that the universities play a socio-economic role. The current research paper attempts to identify and rank the factors influencing the process of commercializing the research results of Payam-e-Noor University (PNU) to recognise the extent to which the identified factors are influential to pave the way for offering a structural-interpretational model of commercialisation according to the present study’s findings. The delineation of a structural-interpretational model based on the investigation of the factors influencing the commercialisation of the researches’ results contributes to the managers and decision-makers in the area of knowledge commercialisation to, meanwhile paying attention to the existent factors offered in the influential and basic levels, set the ground for the corroboration and improvement of the statuses of the existent influential factors in higher levels of the model thereby to bring about an increase in the success rate of the commercialisation of the studies’ results.

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Adjimah, Harrison Paul, Victor Yawo Atiase, and Dennis Yao Dzansi. "Examining the Role of Regulation in the Commercialisation of Indigenous Innovation in Sub-Saharan African Economies: Evidence from the Ghanaian Small-Scale Industry." Administrative Sciences 12, no. 3 (September 15, 2022): 118. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/admsci12030118.

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Understanding the factors that drive the successful commercialisation of indigenous innovation in Sub-Saharan African economies is still limited. From both policy and theoretical perspectives, regulation is one factor that remains crucial for the successful commercialisation of innovation. However, the empirical evidence is still unclear regarding its effect on firm performance, urging the need for more evidence from different economies, sectors, and firms. This study, therefore, examined the effects of regulation on the performance of firms engaged in the commercialisation of indigenous innovation in the Ghanaian small-scale industry, a typical low-income economy in Sub-Sahara Africa. From the frugal innovation theoretical perspective, the study assumed that firms engaged in the commercialisation of indigenous innovation in such low-income economies operate in an environment with regulatory gaps and voids. Using a sample survey of 557, it deployed PLS-SEM to test the effects of regulation on key successful commercialisation metrics. The findings show that at a 5% statistical significance level, regulation has significant positive effects on sales, employment, and owners’ feelings of success. Regulation also positively moderates the influence of finance and organisational factors on overall firm performance. The study provides leading evidence of the effect of regulation on the commercialisation of indigenous innovation from Ghana and adds to the clarification of the impact of regulation. It suggests that in such low-income economies, the policy must consider more balanced and appropriate regulations, not less, or deregulating to promote indigenous innovation.

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Mattila, Malla. "Coping with friction during technology commercialisation." IMP Journal 11, no. 2 (June 12, 2017): 251–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/imp-07-2015-0035.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to move forward the understanding of sociomaterial and processual aspects of innovation by describing and analysing actors’ disalignment processes regarding what resources to provide and strategies for resolution of disalignments during technology commercialisation. Design/methodology/approach The study is based on a longitudinal qualitative empirical case study depicting the commercialisation journey of a radical invention, intelligent paper, between the years of 1997 and 2009. The invention concerns cost-effective, high-volume and roll-to-roll production of printable optics and electronics enabling novel, intelligent functionalities on printed matter. Findings The study identifies three technology commercialisation phases which involve both destructive and constructive situations of disalignment, namely, actors’ multiplexity, punctualised actor roles and “not-programmatic” behaviours. Several strategies are utilised to resolve these, including seduction, pressuring, the introduction of new critical actors, organisational restructurings, selective silencing, career development opportunities, and joint technology development and commercialisation work. Research limitations/implications The chosen methodology excludes investigating actors’ micro-processes during technology commercialisation and the generalisability of the findings. Originality/value The study develops the understanding of the changing, multiplex and negotiated actors’ roles as well as their disalignment regarding what resources to provide during technology commercialisation. It complements perspectives of friction in innovation making and challenges the established industrial marketing and purchasing research of stable industrial networks by presenting a case in which a radical invention results in a new business network.

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Howard, Sophie. "The challenges and opportunities of commercialisation." New Zealand Science Review 68, no. 1 (December 18, 2023): 33–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.26686/nzsr.v68.8865.

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Government is challenging New Zealand public research organisations to increase the rate of commercialisation of intellectual property (IP) and research findings. It is generally accepted that a high-tech economy offers the potential to increase GDP through exports of high-value products, and this view is well supported within universities. However, in practice, academic staff face conflicting incentives and pressures to invest their time and succeed in the university environment. Commercialisation managers work at the interface of the university culture and the external business world, and manage the conflicting philosophies and drivers of each side. Unlike ‘translators,’ these individuals add value by creating opportunities and proactively managing the supply and demand of early-stage, high-risk ideas. Viclink, the commercialisation arm of Victoria University of Wellington, has been in turnaround mode for the past 24 months in an aim to deliver increased value from its research and IP, and has seen first-hand the challenges of working in the market for innovation. New Zealand universities have approached and scoped their roles quite differently. Around the world different models and priorities exist for commercialisation and tech transfer of university IP. A recent case study on a clean tech start-up company highlights several of the observations and opportunities in commercialising publicly funded research, and on the relationships between inventors, commercialisation companies, incubators and investors. This discussion provides a summary of current challenges and opportunities in commercialisation, as observed by practitioners in a university setting.

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Li, Lihua, Maria Estela Varua, Adam M. Komarek, Sriram Shankar, and William D. Bellotti. "The interplay of production commercialisation and specialization." China Agricultural Economic Review 9, no. 4 (November 6, 2017): 504–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/caer-08-2016-0122.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore the endogenous relationship between production specialisation and market commercialisation with an empirical study of farmers in Northwest China. Design/methodology/approach The three-stage least squares were used to address simultaneity and over-identification problems in comparison with two-stage least squares (2SLS). The Durbin-Wu-Hausman test was employed to identify the endogeneity of the commercialisation and specialisation variables. The validity, relevance, and strength of the instruments were tested using the Stock-Yogo weak instrument diagnostics test. Findings A two-way interrelationship between specialisation and commercialisation were confirmed, and suggest that farmers’ decisions on farm commercialisation and production specialisation are actually separate and interacting. Social implications By demonstrating that a virtuous cycle exists between agricultural commercialisation and on-farm specialisation, policies can be formulated to complement these two effects that may help increase small holders’ income. Farmers’ market participation can be indirectly improved by combining market improvement and risk management tools to encourage production specialisation. Originality/value The insights of this study cast further light onto the farm market participation theory by emphasising that higher asset endowments enable small farmers to specialise in production with comparative advantage.

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Azikiwe Isaac, Agholor. "The Socio-economic Determinants contributing to the Resolution on Commercialising Vegetable Production: The case of White River, South Africa." African Journal of Development Studies (formerly AFFRIKA Journal of Politics, Economics and Society) 13, no. 1 (January 15, 2023): 313–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.31920/2634-3649/2022/v12n4a15.

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The study looked at the socioeconomic connections and determining elements that affect choices on whether to commercialise vegetable farming. The study was carried out at White River, Mpumalanga, South Africa, using 660 participants who were specifically chosen. The level of commercialisation was analysed by applying the household commercialisation index calculated as the ratio of value of marketed output to the value of vegetables produced. The factors affecting the marketing of vegetables in the region were then determined using descriptive statistics and logistics regression. The extent of vegetable commercialisation result indicated that spinach and cabbage was ranked 1st and 2nd respectively. Although the commercialisation index is not high, latent evidence exists showing that lettuce, cucumber, beetroot, and carrot are in high demand for consumption and intention to commercialise was indecisive. Applying the logit model, the significant variables influencing the commercialisation of vegetable production in the area were gender, level of education, marital status, household size, extension services, agricultural inputs, and storage facilities. The paper concludes that commercialising vegetable cultivation is a key step toward a broader economic reform and poverty reduction. To enhance vegetable cultivation in the area, farmers must be encouraged to transition to output that is market oriented.

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Yaacob, Noorulsadiqin Azbiya, Saida Farhanah Sarkam, and Siti Norezam Othman. "ACADEMIC RESEARCHERSMOTIVATION FACTORS: A CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK." Journal of Technology and Operations Management 12, Number 1 (June 27, 2017): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.32890/jtom2017.12.1.1.

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The Malaysian government has been striving to provide an environment conducive to research commercialisation in the country. Despite the efforts, the targeted research commercialisation rate has yet to be achieved. This paper explores the motivation of the academic researchers who had successfully commercialised their research.Literature classifies motivation factors as extrinsic, intrinsic, and prosocial, which might exist independently or in a combination (mixed-motivation). Within the academic research commercialisation context, a considerable number of existing studies have discussed the role of extrinsic motivation factors, while the issues of intrinsic andprosocial factors have not been much studied. Thus, this study proposed a conceptual framework to further understand the role of each motivation factor as well as the role of mixed-motivation factors among academic researchers who had successfully commercialised their research results. Finally, this research enriches the dearth of research commercialisation literature in Malaysian university settings.

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Ng, Boon-Kwee, Shih-Hsin Chen, Chan-Yuan Wong, and Vgr Chandran. "University Incubation System for Research Commercialisation: The Case of Taiwan and Malaysia." Science, Technology and Society 24, no. 3 (October 23, 2019): 465–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0971721819873184.

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This article examines the performance of university research commercialisation in Taiwan and Malaysia and specifically discusses the role of incubation intermediaries. Through case study and patent analysis, this article draws lessons from Taiwan and further discusses the mechanisms in place for the successful commercialisation of university research. Lessons from the case offer insights for Malaysia on how university incubation intermediaries can be reorganised to promote better commercialisation outcomes. The Taiwanese experience illustrates that in the right institutional settings—and particularly with the presence of innovative science and technology parks—university incubators tend to promote favourable commercialisation outcomes. More importantly, the ability of university incubators to source for external knowledge and risk capital support positions them to be more effective as intermediaries. Other key success factors include establishing an adequate intellectual property management system and having adequate human resources equipped with intellectual property knowledge. This article further deliberates policy implications.

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Omotesho, K. F., A. O. Kayode, S. A. Adebayo, A. F. Akinrinde, and A. J. Mohammed. "Potentials for the commercialization of Cocoyam in Oyun Local Government Area, Kwara State, Nigeria." Agro-Science 19, no. 3 (July 22, 2020): 8–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/as.v19i3.2.

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Despite the nutritional and other advantages of cocoyam over some tuber crops, it remains neglected, underutilised, and non-commercialized in many parts of Nigeria. The study assessed the potentials for the commercialisation of cocoyam. Specifically, it assessed farmers’ awareness of the uses of cocoyam, level of cocoyam cultivation, farmers’ attitude towards its commercialisation, and the constraints to its commercialisation. Two-stage random sampling technique produced 154 respondents and an interview schedule was administered to collect data. Descriptive statistics and the multiple regression analysis were used for data analysis. Results revealed that farmers’ mean age, farming experience and farm size were 53.9 years, 22 years, and 4.3 acres respectively. The level of awarenessof the uses of cocoyam was high (73.52%) and had an averagely positive attitude (mean score = 2.38) towards its commercialisation. Cultivation of cocoyam was mostly on a subsistence level among the farmers (97.3%). High susceptibility to pests and diseases (MS = 3.13) and a higher preference for other tuber crops (MS = 3.09) were the major constraints to the commercialisation of cocoyam. Farmers’ age (β = –0.008), level of education (β = –0.046), household size (β = –0.012), and frequency of extension contact (β = 0.018) determined farmers’ attitude towards its commercialisation. The study concluded that the potentials for the commercialization of cocoyam was appreciable in the study area. Findings underscore the need for research on cocoyam pest and diseases control as well as breeding ofimproved varieties of the plant by National Root Crops Research Institutes. Key words: attitude, commercialization, neglected, under-utilized and cocoyam

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Rashid, Wirya Najm, Kamariah Ismail, and Chaudhry Shoaib Akhtar. "Investigating the Moderating Role of Technology Transfer Office on Academic’s Entrepreneurial Orientation and Research Commercialisation Relationship." GATR Global Journal of Business Social Sciences Review 2, no. 1 (January 21, 2014): 79–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.35609/gjbssr.2014.2.1(9).

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Objective – The purpose of the present study is to investigate the moderating role of technology transfer office on the relationship between academic’s entrepreneurial orientation and commercialisation. Methodology/Technique – Using survey approach, the study tests the formulated hypotheses. Respondents belonging to five Malaysian research universities were selected based on random sampling technique. A sample of 223 questionnaires was found usable for final analysis. Data gathered was subjected to factor analysis for validating the developed instrument. Further, Pearson correlation and regression analysis were conducted to test the hypotheses. Assumptions of regression were satisfied before applying the regression. To test the moderator, hierarchical regression analysis was conducted. Findings – The results highlight that technology transfer office has a significant moderating role on the relationship between entrepreneurial orientation and commercialisation. Similarly, when technology transfer office is taken as a moderator between dimensions of the entrepreneurial orientation and commercialisation, it is found that there is statistically significant influence on the relationships. Novelty – Technology transfer office has been investigated extensively for its role towards university commercialisation. However, this role has been tested as an independent variable. This is the first study that takes a different perspective on technology transfer office as a moderator. Further, the study not only checks the moderating influence of technology transfer office on the main construct of entrepreneurial orientation but also investigates its influence on each of the five dimensions of entrepreneurial orientation and commercialisation relationship. Type of Paper: Empirical Keywords: Entrepreneurship; Technology Transfer Office; Entrepreneurial Orientation; Commercialisation; Research University; Academic Researcher; Malaysia. JEL Classification: L26, L31.

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Abdul Razak, Arbaiah, and Peter A. Murray. "Innovation strategies for successful commercialisation in public universities." International Journal of Innovation Science 9, no. 3 (September 4, 2017): 296–314. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijis-05-2017-0035.

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Purpose The purpose of this study was to explore the strategies performed by innovation actors to ensure commercialisation success, and to determine which of these strategies significantly predict a successful commercialisation within a public university context. Design/methodology/approach The strategies conceptualised for this study included open innovation, strategic leadership and collaborative advantage. A total of 222 public university academics participated in an anonymous survey and were asked to provide responses on their innovation strategies. These responses were then explored to assess the construct validity of the survey instrument and further analysed using a hierarchical multiple regression technique to test the hypotheses and to compare several regression models. Findings The results suggested that strategic leadership and open innovation strategies are significant predictors for successful commercialisation with coefficient of multiple determination (R2) of 21 per cent. This study, however, found that collaborative advantage does not significantly determine commercialisation success. Research limitations/implications The study was limited by the empirical evidence that was based on cross-sectional survey data of public university academics. A qualitative study with other groups of participants such as from the industries would further confirm the relationship between innovation strategies and commercialisation success. Future research should replicate this study in other settings to improve the generalisation of the findings. Originality/value This study discovered strategic leadership as the most dominant predictor for commercialisation success in a public university context followed by open innovation strategy. It confirms the strategic roles of leaders in innovation attempts and provides further understanding about the openness strategy in innovation.

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Baruk, Jerzy. "Problems in the commercialisation of innovations in the member countries of the European Union." Wiadomości Statystyczne. The Polish Statistician 63, no. 9 (September 28, 2018): 71–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0014.0700.

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The aim of the article is to compare the results of research on problems related to the commercialisation of innovations in enterprises operating in the European Union (EU) member countries. The analysis was based on the results of research conducted in February 2015 and 2016 by Kantar TNS Political & Social, which identified 10 major problems hindering the commercialisation of innovative goods and services, with their prevalence varying in frequency and scope. The research revealed the commonness of specific obstacles that were identified as the major problems in the commercialisation of innovations. These hindrances included, i.a., a lack of financial resources.

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Lopes, João M., Márcio Oliveira, Jorge Lopes, and Umer Zaman. "Networks, Innovation and Knowledge Transfer in Tourism Industry: An Empirical Study of SMEs in Portugal." Social Sciences 10, no. 5 (April 30, 2021): 159. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/socsci10050159.

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The present study aims to investigate how commercialisation and knowledge transfer between the SMEs of the tourism sector and the higher education institutions (HEIs) are made, as well as to find out whether the SMEs of the tourism sector are part of tourism networks, and what their motivations are. We used a qualitative methodology, applying the triangulation method to eight SMEs and one HEI. The results indicate that the commercialisation and knowledge transfer between the SMEs and the HEIs are not effective. SMEs are part of regional networks of business innovation; however, they do not participate in R&D activities with HEIs. Some suggestions were made to SMEs, HEIs, and regional governments to speed up commercialisation and knowledge transfer in the tourism sector. We adapted the Triple Helix Model to the tourism sector, thus creating the “Triple Helix in the Tourism Context”. Only a few studies have researched knowledge commercialisation in the tourism sector, a gap that this article aims to compensate.

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Evans, J. W. "Commercialisation of AR1 in Australia." NZGA: Research and Practice Series 13 (January 1, 2007): 241–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.33584/rps.13.2006.3062.

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Perennial ryegrass containing a high level of standard (wild) endophyte is a significant component of the feed base for the grazing industries in the high rainfall and irrigated regions of Australia. The AR1 selected endophyte was first commercialised in Australia by Heritage Seeds in autumn 2002 into a market that had low awareness, and a limited understanding, of perennial ryegrass endophyte. The early uptake of AR1 was slow, mainly due to difficulties with delivering a very technical message with limited resources and justifying a significant price increase with no independent supporting data from Australia. Changing the marketing message to focus on the potential benefits from AR1, along with support from the developers of AR1 (AgResearch) and an overall increase in awareness of ryegrass endophyte, saw a dramatic increase in the uptake of AR1 varieties in 2005 and 2006. It is expected that this trend toward selected endophytes will continue into the future. Keywords: perennial ryegrass, endophyte, AR1, commercialisation

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Bénabent, Alain. "Pénalisation, commercialisation et... droit civil." Pouvoirs 107, no. 4 (2003): 54. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/pouv.107.0054.

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Respaud, Jean-Louis. "La commercialisation des biens culturels." LEGICOM 36, no. 2 (2006): 133. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/legi.036.0133.

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Mahony, Patrick, Richard Braddock, and Paul Arthur Taylor. "Globalisation, Commercialisation, Managerialism and Internationalisation." International Journal of Learning: Annual Review 12, no. 8 (2007): 61–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.18848/1447-9494/cgp/v13i08/45017.

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Malissard, Pierrick, Yves Gingras, and Brigitte Gemme. "La commercialisation de la recherche." Actes de la recherche en sciences sociales 148, no. 3 (2003): 57. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/arss.148.0057.

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Addicoat, Matthew, Vonika Ka-Man Au, Lee Brammer, Andrew Burrows, José Casaban, Deanna M. D’Alessandro, Rosa Fucci, et al. "Commercialisation and applications: general discussion." Faraday Discussions 231 (2021): 384–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1fd90059e.

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Haché, Denis. "La commercialisation de l’éducation publique." Éducation et francophonie 29, no. 2 (2001): 70. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1079551ar.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Commercialisation'

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