Relevant bibliographies by topics / Commercial Travellers' Association of Canada

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Academic literature on the topic 'Commercial Travellers' Association of Canada'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Commercial Travellers' Association of Canada"

1

REBOLLEDO, J., P. GARVEY, A. RYAN, J. O'DONNELL, M. CORMICAN, S. JACKSON, F. CLOAK, et al. "International outbreak investigation of Salmonella Heidelberg associated with in-flight catering." Epidemiology and Infection 142, no. 4 (July 26, 2013): 833–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0950268813001714.

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SUMMARYRapid and wide dispersal of passengers after flights makes investigation of flight-related outbreaks challenging. An outbreak of Salmonella Heidelberg was identified in a group of Irish travellers returning from Tanzania. Additional international cases sharing the same flight were identified. Our aim was to determine the source and potential vehicles of infection. Case-finding utilized information exchange using experts' communication networks and national surveillance systems. Demographic, clinical and food history information was collected. Twenty-five additional cases were identified from Ireland, The Netherlands, Norway, USA and Canada. We conducted a case-control study which indicated a significant association between illness and consumption of milk tart (OR 10·2) and an egg dish (OR 6) served on-board the flight. No food consumed before the flight was associated with illness. Cases from countries other than Ireland provided supplementary information that facilitated the identification of likely vehicles of infection. Timely, committed international collaboration is vital in such investigations.
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2

Meister, Toni Luise, Birthe Tegtmeyer, Alexander Postel, Jessika-M. V. Cavalleri, Daniel Todt, Alexander Stang, and Eike Steinmann. "Equine Parvovirus-Hepatitis Frequently Detectable in Commercial Equine Serum Pools." Viruses 11, no. 5 (May 21, 2019): 461. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v11050461.

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An equine parvovirus-hepatitis (EqPV-H) has been recently identified in association with equine serum hepatitis, also known as Theiler’s disease. This disease was first described by Arnold Theiler in 1918 and is often observed after applications with blood products in equines. So far, the virus has only been described in the USA and China. In this study, we evaluated the presence of EqPV-H in several commercial serum samples to assess the potential risk of virus transmission by equine serum-based products for medical and research applications. In 11 out of 18 commercial serum samples, EqPV-H DNA was detectable with a viral load up to 105 copies/mL. The same serum batches as well as three additional samples were also positive for antibodies against the EqPV-H VP1 protein. The countries of origin with detectable viral genomes included the USA, Canada, New Zealand, Italy, and Germany, suggesting a worldwide distribution of EqPV-H. Phylogenetic analysis of the EqPV-H NS1 sequence in commercial serum samples revealed high similarities in viral sequences from different geographical areas. As horse sera are commonly used for the production of anti-sera, which are included in human and veterinary medical products, these results implicate the requirement for diagnostic tests to prevent EqPV-H transmission.
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Nealis, V. G., I. DeMerchant, D. Langor, M. K. Noseworthy, G. Pohl, K. Porter, E. Shanks, R. Turnquist, and V. Waring. "Historical occurrence of alien arthropods and pathogens on trees in Canada." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 46, no. 2 (February 2016): 172–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjfr-2015-0273.

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The Canadian Forest Invasive Alien Species (CanFIAS) database provides point records of alien arthropod (insects and mites) and pathogen (fungi) species found on trees in Canada extracted from more than 100 years of national surveys. Each record includes a species identification, location, year of observation, and host association and is linked electronically to its original source. More than 175 000 records of 329 alien arthropod species and 11 plant pathogens are available. Historical rates of detection, as indicated by first records, were greatest in the decades following the two world wars. The overall rate has been approximately three species per year since 1900. Richness of alien species is greatest in the Coastal and Great Lakes–St. Lawrence forest ecozones and lowest in the Subalpine and Tundra ecozones. The alien species most significant in terms of extent of invasion and damage to trees are tree-host specialists, feeding on or infecting mostly one or two genera in a single plant family. Important commercial trees including pine, spruce, poplar, and birch and amenity genera including willow, cherry, and maple host the greatest diversity of alien species. Sap-feeding insects are the most speciose feeding group, but foliage-feeding and wood-boring insects and plant pathogens cause the most damage.
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Noland, Thomas, Lesley Rich, and Maara Packalen. "Establishing a sustainable harvest for canada yew (Taxus canadensis marsh.) in Ontario." Forestry Chronicle 87, no. 04 (August 2011): 529–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.5558/tfc2011-051.

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In 2003, commercial harvest of Canada yew (Taxus canadensis Marsh.) in Ontario began—but without a sustainable harvest policy. In 2005, we began to determine the sustainability of three harvest intensity treatments at three sites in central Ontario. Harvest treatments were labelled control (no initial harvest), light (two-year-old shoots removed), moderate (three-year-old shoots removed), and severe (seven-year-old shoots removed). We also looked at effects of harvest season and light levels on shoot regrowth. After three and four years, severe-harvest plants yielded less than half the biomass of the initial harvest, while biomass from moderate-harvest plants was about equal to the initial. Biomass from light-harvest plants generally increased. Moderate light levels stimulated more first-year regrowth in all plants than low light levels did but increased only Year 2 regrowth in severe-harvest plants. Spring harvest reduced first-year regrowth only. Comparing biomass of moderate-harvest plants after three or four years with initial moderate-harvest biomass suggested similar growth rate across time periods. Our results concur with Canada Yew Association sustainable harvest guidelines: Moderately harvesting three-year-old shoots plus allowing four years of regrowth before reharvest ensures sustainable harvest, at least through one harvest cycle.
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5

Minner, Jennifer S., and Xiao Shi. "Churn and change along commercial strips: Spatial analysis of patterns in remodelling activity and landscapes of local business." Urban Studies 54, no. 16 (January 25, 2017): 3655–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0042098016684274.

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Commercial strips are common within metropolitan regions throughout the world and particularly within Canada and the USA. Planners have identified these linear clusters of commercial land use as a form of auto-oriented sprawl on the one hand, and as fertile ground for local independent businesses on the other. Despite the rapid churn of businesses in a number of gentrifying central cities, few studies have examined the distribution or cumulative impacts of commercial remodelling or its relationship to larger scale urban transformations. In this research, we demonstrate methods used to identify spatial patterns in central city remodelling activity. Getis Ord Gi*, also known as hot spot analysis, is used to identify clusters of reinvestment activity associated with locally owned restaurant and retail businesses. Associations with differences in urban form are observed, including clustering of independently owned restaurant and retail businesses along areas of commercial strips with smaller lots. Theories on the location of clusters in older buildings are also tested, with mixed results. In addition, we use a Redevelopment Impact Index to capture the degree of external modification to commercial buildings and the nature of changes in building usage. Point density analysis is used to identify areas where commercial remodels are likely to add up to entertainment and leisure zones. The results of statistical tests show some association between proximity to the restaurant and retail clusters and new, mixed use development. Thus, we illustrate methods of examining emerging landscapes of local restaurant and retail business and their relationship to larger scales of redevelopment. This methodology has applications in the study of incubation and retention of local businesses, land use planning and redevelopment along commercial strips, and gentrification studies.
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Dodd, Sarah A. S., Anna K. Shoveller, Andrea J. Fascetti, Zengshou Z. Yu, David W. L. Ma, and Adronie Verbrugghe. "A Comparison of Key Essential Nutrients in Commercial Plant-Based Pet Foods Sold in Canada to American and European Canine and Feline Dietary Recommendations." Animals 11, no. 8 (August 9, 2021): 2348. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani11082348.

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Plant-based foods intended for feeding dogs and cats are available in Canada, though few studies have examined the suitability of plant-based foods for dogs and cats. All commercial plant-based extruded and wet pet food products available in Ontario, Canada, in 2018 (n = 26) were acquired and analysed for energy, crude protein, crude fat, crude fibre, ash, amino acids, fatty acids, minerals and vitamins A, B12, D2 and D3. Results were compared with recommendations of the Association of American Feed Control Officials (AAFCO) and the European Pet Food Industry Federation (FEDIAF). Thirteen products were labelled for adult canine maintenance, four for canine all life stages, one for puppy growth, two for adult feline maintenance, three for feline all life stages, one for adult maintenance of dogs and cats and two for all life stages of dogs and cats. Four products met AAFCO and one product met FEDIAF nutrient recommendations for canine maintenance. No diets met AAFCO or FEDIAF recommendations for feline maintenance or growth for either species. Nutrients most commonly found insufficient were: sulfur amino acids, taurine, arachidonic acid, EPA and DHA, calcium phosphorus and vitamin D. There were no nutrients unable to be provided from non-animal sources. Compliance with labelling guidelines was also poor, similar to other findings with commercial animal-based pet products. The results from this study indicate areas where producers of plant-based pet foods must improve to meet the industry recommended nutrient profiles and labelling requirements.
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7

Reidy, Rhonda D., and Sean P. Cox. "Geoduck Clam (Panopea Abrupta) Demographics and Mortality Rates in the Presence of Sea Otters (Enhydra Lutris) and Commercial Harvesting." Open Fish Science Journal 6, no. 1 (April 19, 2013): 28–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874401x01306010028.

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In British Columbia, expanding sea otter (Enhydra lutris) populations are creating concerns among commercial harvesters about the potential predation impacts on exploitable geoduck clam (Panopea abrupta) stocks. We analysed fishery-independent surveys of exploited geoduck clam populations along a gradient of sea otter occupancy on the west coast of Vancouver Island, British Columbia, Canada to assess relationships between otter presence, commercial fishery removals of geoduck, and geoduck population demographics. Geoduck mean density, age composition, and estimated total mortality were influenced by a combination of variables, and therefore, we could not differentiate among geoduck populations according to sea otter presence or absence alone. As expected, we found a strong association between commercial fishery removals and geoduck clam total mortality rates. In contrast, the local numbers of sea otters were not an important factor affecting geoduck total mortality. A more balanced study design and greater sampling intensity would increase the power to detect whether sea otter predation affects harvestable geoduck stocks. Also, knowledge of the consumption rate by sea otters of geoduck throughout the year, in combination with survey data of unfished geoduck populations, would facilitate better prediction of how geoduck clam mortality rates might change as sea otters re-colonise new areas.
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8

Meadus, William, Pascale Duff, Manuel Juarez, Jordan Roberts, and Jennifer Zantinge. "Identification of Marbling Gene Loci in Commercial Pigs in Canadian Herds." Agriculture 8, no. 8 (August 3, 2018): 122. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture8080122.

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A genome-wide association study (GWAS) was performed on the intramuscular fat percentage in pork chops in commercially available swine in Canada. The Duroc, Iberian, Lacombe, Berkshire, and Pietrain breeds were crossed with Large White sows, and their F1 offspring were ranked according to the intramuscular fat percentage (IMF %) obtained in their longissimus dorsi (LD) muscle loin chops. The ideal IMF % is considered to be >3%, whereas the average is ~1.5% in North American pork. The genetics of the top 10% and bottom 10% from our sample population were analysed by using 80,000 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) microarrays in the GWAS. Our sample population had an average IMF % of 2.5 ± 0.7%, but some pork achieved >7% IMF. GWAS analysis revealed SNP markers which were associated with the highest marbled pork chops on chromosomes 5, 7, and 16. Using the Sus scrofa/ susScr 11.1 map, we determined that the nearest genes were sarcospan (SSPN), Rh-associated glycoprotein (RHAG), and EGF-like fibronectin and laminin G (EGFLAM), which can be linked with muscular dystrophy disorders. We tested a subpopulation of Duroc-sired animals and found a different set of markers close to glycine receptor beta (GRLB) and potassium channel 3 (KCNJ3) on chromosomes 8 and 15. Based on our results, we could achieve pork with a good IMF of >4% from animals commercially bred and raised to standard market weights of 110 kg. The choice of obtaining a good marbling line of pigs is not necessarily breed-specific, but it is line-specific.
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9

Sanglard, Leticia Pereira, PigGen Canada, Benny Mote, Philip Willson, John C. S. Harding, Graham S. Plastow, Jack C. M. Dekkers, and Nick V. L. Serão. "375 Identification of QTL associated with antibody response to common infectious diseases in commercial sows." Journal of Animal Science 97, Supplement_2 (July 2019): 33–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skz122.062.

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Abstract The objective of this study was to perform genome-wide association studies (GWAS) to identify Quantitative Trait Loci (QTL) associated with antibody response to infectious diseases in commercial sows. A total of 2,848 Large White x Landrace replacement gilts were sourced from 17 high-health multipliers (7 breeding companies; BC) and introduced to 23 commercial farms with a history of common pig diseases, following the standard acclimation procedures with an average of 53 animals per entry group (CG). Serum was used to quantify antibody response to swine influenza virus (SIV), Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae (MH), porcine circovirus type-2 (PCV2), and 8 serotypes of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae (APP1-3, 5, 7, 10, 12, and 13) at entry (S/PEntry), following acclimation (S/PAcclimation), and during parities 1 (S/PParity1) and 2 (S/PParity2). All animals were genotyped for 38,191 SNPs. GWAS was performed using BayesB (pi=0.99), with the fixed effect of CG and the random effects of SNPs in the model. For APP, QTL were only identified at S/PAcclimation; on SSC14 (2Mb) for APP3, APP7, APP10, and APP13 that explained 5.6, 4.7, 2.8, and 3.6% of the genetic variance, respectively. A gene within this QTL region is SYK, involved in the control of immune-receptors. For APP5, a QTL that explained 4.2% of the genetic variance was identified on SSC4 (105Mb), which co-localizes with two genes associated with immune-response: SIKE1and NRAS. For SIV, no QTL was identified. A QTL on SSC7 (130-131Mb) was identified for MH (S/PParity1, 5.1%) and PCV2 (S/PEntry, 34%; S/PAcclimation, 43.4%). These results provide new information on the genetic basis of response to infectious diseases in sows. The identified QTL have the potential to be used to select for improved immune response. The authors thanks PigGen Canada, Genome Canada, and the Canadian Swine Health Board for financial support, and the late Dr. Stephen Bishop for his scientific contributions.
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10

Bhandari, Mahabir, Diana Hun, Som Shrestha, Simon Pallin, and Melissa Lapsa. "A Simplified Methodology to Estimate Energy Savings in Commercial Buildings from Improvements in Airtightness." Energies 11, no. 12 (November 28, 2018): 3322. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en11123322.

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Air leakage through the envelope of commercial buildings in the United States accounts for approximately 6% of their energy use. Various simulation approaches have been proposed to estimate the impact of air leakage on building energy use. Although approaches that are based on detailed airflow modeling appear to be the most accurate to calculate infiltration heat transfer in simulation models, these approaches tend to require significant modeling expertise and effort. To make these energy savings estimates more readily available to building owners and designers, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, the National Institute of Standards and Technology, the Air Barrier Association of America, and the US Department of Energy (DOE) are developing a user-friendly online calculator that applies a detailed airflow modeling approach to examine energy savings due to airtightness in commercial buildings. The calculator, however, is limited to 52 US cities and a few cities in Canada and China. This paper describes the development of an alternative, simplified method to estimate energy savings from improved airtightness. The proposed method uses the same detailed approach for hourly infiltration calculations as the online calculator but it expands the ability to estimate energy savings to all US cities using hourly outdoor air temperature as the only input. The new simple regression model-based approach was developed and tested with DOE’s standalone retail prototype building model. Results from the new approach and the calculator show good agreement. Additionally, a simple approach to estimate percent energy savings for retrofitted buildings was also developed; results were within 5% of the energy saving estimates from the online calculator.
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Books on the topic "Commercial Travellers' Association of Canada"

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Canada. Dept. of Finance. Explanatory notes relating to the Air Travellers Security Charge and to Income Tax. Ottawa, Ont: Dept. of Finance, 2002.

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Canada. Dept. of Finance. Explanatory notes relating to the Air Travellers Security Charge and to Income Tax. [Ottawa]: Dept. of Finance, 2002.

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Canada. Dept. of Finance. Explanatory notes relating to the Air Travellers Security Charge, the First Nations good[s] and services tax, income tax and other related measures. [Ottawa]: Dept. of Finance Canada, 2004.

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Canada. Dept. of Finance. Explanatory notes relating to the Income Tax Act, the Air Travellers Security Charge Act and the Excise Tax Act. [Ottawa]: Dept. of Finance, 2005.

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1940-, Lapierre Laurent, ed. Pierre Jeanniot: Aux commandes du ciel. Québec: Presses de l'Université du Québec, 2009.

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Cardinal, Jacqueline. Pierre Jeanniot: Aux commandes du ciel. Québec: Presses de l'Université du Québec, 2009.

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Canada. Parliament. House of Commons. Bill: An act to amend the Act incorporating the Mutual Life Association of Canada. Ottawa: I.B. Taylor, 2002.

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Canada. Parliament. House of Commons. Bill: An act to incorporate the Canadian Bankers' Association. Ottawa: S.E. Dawson, 2003.

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Canada. Parliament. House of Commons. Bill: An act respecting the Northern Commercial Telegraph Company (Limited). Ottawa: S.E. Dawson, 2003.

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Canada. Parliament. House of Commons. Bill: An act to incorporate the Toronto Corn Exchange Association. Ottawa: I.B. Taylor, 2002.

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Book chapters on the topic "Commercial Travellers' Association of Canada"

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Fuller-Seeley, Kathryn H. "The Commercial Imperative." In Jack Benny and the Golden Age of American Radio Comedy. University of California Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/california/9780520295049.003.0007.

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Jack Benny ingeniously intertwined the advertising messages of his sponsors into his radio comedy narratives. Although early sponsors like Canada Dry were affronted by the sly, cynical attitude Benny’s joking commercials assailed the product with. Critics and the public and acclaimed the way Benny and his writers, and longtime announcer Don Wilson, brought humor and pleasure to the business of selling products. Sponsors were thrilled with the sales results. The advertising industry found Benny the best salesman they ever found. After his association with Jell-O (that pulled a failing product to great profits), Benny met the challenge of working with an infamous sponsor, American Tobacco, whose harsh ad tactics spawned a barrage of critical complaints. With creative skill, Benny and his writers devised absurdist tactics, the crazy songs of the Sportsmen Quartet and nonsense phrases, which pleased the sponsor yet delighted critics and listeners.
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"Pacific Salmon: Ecology and Management of Western Alaska’s Populations." In Pacific Salmon: Ecology and Management of Western Alaska’s Populations, edited by John R. Hilsinger, Eric Volk, Gene Sandone, and Richard Cannon. American Fisheries Society, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.47886/9781934874110.ch24.

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<em>Abstract.</em>—Development and evolution of salmon fisheries management in the Arctic-Yukon-Kuskokwim (AYK) region from the early 1900s to the present is described. Before statehood in 1959, commercial fisheries in the region were managed using a combination of quotas and closures with the aim of protecting the large subsistence fisheries in the region. After statehood, the newly formed Alaska Department of Fish and Game and the Alaska Board of Fish and Game developed a more flexible approach to commercial fisheries management, based more on fishing time than quotas, to allow harvest to vary with run strength. Collection of detailed catch and escapement data as well as biological information such as age, sex, and length laid the foundation for better understanding salmon runs and setting escapement goals. These goals were first established from 1979 to 1984, and were based on average escapements under the principle that maintaining average, or better, escapements should maintain harvests at historical levels. During the late 1980s and early 1990s, management evolved toward more closely regulated fisheries to ensure escapement goals were met. During this time, the department began working cooperatively with resource users in the region through groups such as the Kuskokwim River Salmon Management Working Group and the Yukon River Drainage Fisheries Association. These relationships helped improve public input and use of local knowledge in fishery management as well as developed support for increased research funding. In the late 1990s, run failures throughout the region led to disaster declarations and the designation of many AYK salmon stocks as stocks of concern under the state’s Policy for the Management of Sustainable Salmon Fisheries. These run failures contributed to finalization of salmon sharing agreements between the United States and Canada, and signing of the Yukon River Salmon Agreement after 16 years of negotiation. Management of salmon during recent years has focused on refining escapement goals through spawner-recruit analyses, better assessing run strength to help ensure meeting escapement goals, and collecting additional information on population sizes, spawner distribution, and stock identification. The goal of management for the future is to set scientifically defensible escapement goals that provide the greatest likelihood of sustaining salmon runs and to improve run assessment techniques that will ultimately aid in maintaining viable subsistence and commercial fisheries throughout the region.
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