Journal articles on the topic 'Commercial finance companies Australia'
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Tilt, Carol A., and Christopher F. Symes. "Environmental disclosure by Australian mining companies: environmental conscience or commercial reality?" Accounting Forum 23, no. 2 (June 1999): 137–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-6303.00008.
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Moore, R. K., and R. M. Willcocks. "SOME COMMERCIAL ASPECTS OF PETROLEUM EXPLORATION AND MINING." APPEA Journal 25, no. 1 (1985): 143. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj84014.
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The petroleum industry in Australia is at the centre of a web of complex laws. In addition to the legislation under which petroleum exploration and production tenements are granted there is a multiplicity of statutes and regulations, Commonwealth and State, which have a direct bearing on the conduct of those involved in exploring for or exploiting Australia's petroleum reserves. For example, the level of participation by foreigners is governed by the Commonwealth Foreign Investment Guidelines and the Foreign Takeovers Act 1975; the Commonwealth has control over the export of petroleum under the Customs (Prohibited Exports) Regulations and domestic markets are subject to the operation of the Crude Oil Allocation Scheme. The Commonwealth continues to have the right to regulate the transfer of funds to and from Australia under the Banking (Foreign Exchange) Regulations. Certain States such as South Australia and New South Wales have their own foreign investment guidelines.Not only this, there are revenue laws which govern very much the way in which petroleum projects are organised, interests transferred and otherwise dealt with and finance made available, such as State stamp duty legislation, Commonwealth income tax laws, and Commonwealth legislation imposing registration fees on dealings in exploration permits and production licences. A new tax, Resource Rent Tax, is to be introduced.Then there are laws which have an indirect bearing on petroleum activities such as the Companies Code which, in addition to governing the administration and organisation of companies, controls the way funds can be raised.The statutory and regulatory framework is only part of the picture. The rights and obligations of participants in petroleum projects as between themselves are almost always set out in a joint venture or joint operating agreement, the combination between the participants being known as an unincorporated joint venture. This form of business organisation is not a partnership; it is not the creature of legislation. Indeed it has been rarely referred to in Acts of Parliament. Problems arising under the joint venture agreement will be considered against the backdrop of the general law which unfortunately has seldom been called upon to resolve disputes between participants in joint ventures. An illustration of one of these rare instances is Brian Pty Ltd v United Dominions Corporation Ltd (1983), where the New South Wales Court of Appeal considered the fiduciary relationship of joint venturers.Despite this legislative and regulatory' backdrop and the uncertainties as to the true effect of joint venture agreements, the industry up until quite recently has survived with little litigation. This is no longer the case. Recent and pending litigation shows that there is no reluctance on the part of participants to take their disputes to court, often at great expense and with unfortunate results for previously close relationships. It must now be said that money spent to achieve proper and clear agreement on organisational and legal matters at the earliest stage of a project is money just as well spent as that on drilling and other operational activities.
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Cook, J. R. "TOWARDS AN INTERNATIONALISATION OF NATIVE TITLE AND COMMUNITY RELATIONS." APPEA Journal 43, no. 1 (2003): 741. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj02044.
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The 20th Century has witnessed the consolidation of global industry and finance. It has also seen the growth of criticism of some developments associated with globalisation. This has been particularly the case with the resource extraction industries and their downstream counterparts. These industries now have to consider a range of factors as central to the management of risk and of reputation that would not have been necessary 30 years ago. One of these factors is the need for community consultation regarding the nature of specific resource development and often some form of compensation for the impacts of development.Central to the Australian formulation of community consultation and development in the context of land use and natural resource development have been the Northern Territory Aboriginal Land Rights Act (ALRA) and the Native Title Act (NTA) as well as the setting up of Land Councils and representative bodies. These laws have been crucial, not just to the administration of land, but to the concept of aboriginality and citizenship as a whole. Like the ALRA, the Native Title Act has had a fundamental impact on the relationship between Aboriginal land interests and resource development. It has often, however, been mired in uncertainty, conflict, and amendments. This has contributed to a climate of legalism that has not necessary always been to the benefit of on-the-ground agreement processes.In Indonesia there is no basis in law for native title issues and a high level of risk exists as a result of social and political transition. As a result some companies operating in Indonesia have begun to develop new approaches to issues of community relations and development. A new understanding of the necessity of carefully planned partnerships in the context of resource development has begun to emerge in Indonesia. The BP Tangguh project in the Bintuni Bay area of West Papua has set high standards for consultative practices relating to community consultation and community development practices. Whatever the commercial success of the Tangguh project, the processes and systems developed for that project indicate the likely future direction of other best-practice resource development projects in Indonesia and elsewhere.In the past, development in Indonesia has been heavily influenced by rent capitalism, which has tended to emphasise the giving of permission over effective business and development practice. While the proponents of Native Title in Australia have often seen Australia as setting an international standard for development practice, this is belied by the actual results of Native Title and what is being undertaken in other international contexts. Native Title also often seems to act as a form of rent capitalism. As such it may be that Native Title does not necessarily define best practice, and, in the international context, may be under-performing in terms of risk and reputation management.Rather than assuming that emerging practices in either Indonesia or Australia are somehow occupying the higher ground in terms of best-practice development, it is suggested that Native Title and international practice can usefully be cross-fertilised in a critical manner. This process can be beneficial to companies and to stakeholders alike, particularly in the context of transparent consultation and negotiation practices that focus on the possibilities for cooperation in development, rather than conflict.
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Pantos, Themis D. "EU Banking Directives: risk and wealth effects on the Greek financial sector." Journal of Risk Finance 9, no. 1 (January 4, 2008): 9–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/15265940810842384.
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PurposeThe paper seeks to examine whether or not wealth effects and changes in the systematic risk associated with the return structure of the Greek commercial chartered banks, investment firms and insurance companies resulted from the passage of the European Union Banking Directives over the period 1988‐1997.Design/methodology/approachUsing monthly stock returns from the DataStream database for the period January 1988 to December 1997, the separate effects of each of the EU Banking Directives on Greek commercial chartered banks, investment firms and insurance companies are tested. The “seemingly unrelated regression” methodology is utilized to test three portfolios consisting of an equally weighted banking, investment and insurance index made up of major Greek banks, investment firms and insurance companies respectively. The Greek Market Index serves as a proxy for the market portfolio. All the aforementioned indices were converted to returns using the log difference method.FindingsEmpirical results indicate that the systematic risk dramatically increased for Greek insurance and investment firms and moderately increased for Greek commercial chartered banks through the tabling of the Free Capital Movement Directive in the Greek Parliament. After controlling for systematic risk, the results suggest that the passage of the Free Capital Movement Directive did not create wealth effects for the shareholders of commercial chartered banks, investment firms and insurance companies. Conversely, the results demonstrate that the Second Banking, Investment Services and Capital Adequacy Directives produced no wealth effects for the investment firms and insurance companies, but not for commercial chartered banks' shareholders. The whole wealth effect on the Greek financial sector was neutral.Originality/valueThis article will be of value to academics, bankers, bank regulators, practitioners, and economic policy makers who are interested in the regulatory evolution of the EU banking industry.
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Bednall, David H. B., Stewart Adam, and Katrine Plocinski. "Ethics in Practice." International Journal of Market Research 52, no. 2 (March 2010): 155–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.2501/s1470785309201156.
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Survey researchers face declining response rates, due to lower contactability and more selective cooperation by potential respondents. Commercial market research companies are under even greater pressure than academic researchers as most commercial surveys do not have high social status. Several persuasion techniques to enhance cooperation have been used in academic surveys, though some of them might be considered unethical. Given the commercial pressures of time and cost, this study investigated the extent to which market research companies favoured these persuasion techniques. A survey of fieldwork managers in companies operating in Australia was conducted, along with qualitative research. It was found that some techniques were unacceptable as they threatened long-term relationships with the public, some were impractical and others were useful, but not for all surveys.
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Harkin, Diarmaid, and Kate Fitz-Gibbon. "Private security companies and domestic violence: A welcome new development?" Criminology & Criminal Justice 17, no. 4 (October 16, 2016): 433–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1748895816673881.
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Due to the poor reputation of the private security industry and the multiple lines of concerns raised by scholars over the potentially corrosive costs of commercial security provision, it is important to consider whether for-profit companies are a welcome addition to the network of actors who respond to the needs of domestic violence victims. Using the case study of ‘Protective Services’ in Victoria, Australia, who appear to be one of the first known instances of a private security company offering services to victims of domestic violence, we argue that there may be advantages for victims engaging with commercial providers and reasons for optimism that commercial outfits can improve feelings of safety for a particularly vulnerable and under-protected population.
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Potter, Brad, Matthew Pinnuck, George Tanewski, and Sue Wright. "Keeping it private: financial reporting by large proprietary companies in Australia." Accounting & Finance 59, no. 1 (January 28, 2019): 87–113. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/acfi.12436.
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Schneider, Arnold. "Is commercial lending affected by knowledge of auditor switches from Big 4 firms to regional firms?" Accounting Research Journal 30, no. 2 (July 3, 2017): 153–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/arj-12-2014-0110.
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Purpose This paper aims to examine whether knowledge about companies switching auditors from Big 4 firms to regional firms affects commercial lending decisions. Design/methodology/approach The approach used is an experiment where bank loan officers make judgments about risk and probabilities of granting a line of credit. Findings Neither risk assessments nor probabilities of granting credit differed for companies that switch auditors from Big 4 firms to regional firms as compared to companies that did not switch auditors. For companies that did switch auditors, providing a reason for the switch did not influence lending decisions. Research limitations/implications Lenders were given questionnaires that do not contain all of the information they may have used in actual loan decision settings. Also, the hypothetical nature of the decisions and incentives may not produce the responses that would be given in actual lending scenarios. Practical implications When applying for bank loans, companies need not be concerned about having switched auditors from Big 4 to regional firms. Also, companies that switch from Big 4 firms to regional firms need not worry about whether or not to provide a reason for the audit firm switch. Originality value This study adds to the auditor switching literature by investigating the effects of switches from Big 4 firms to regional firms on commercial lending decisions.
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Grunert, Jens, and Martin Weber. "Recovery rates of commercial lending: Empirical evidence for German companies." Journal of Banking & Finance 33, no. 3 (March 2009): 505–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jbankfin.2008.09.002.
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Ong, Tricia, Terri Trireksani, and Hadrian Geri Djajadikerta. "Hard and soft sustainability disclosures: Australia’s resources industry." Accounting Research Journal 29, no. 2 (July 4, 2016): 198–217. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/arj-03-2015-0030.
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Purpose Although studies in corporate sustainability have been vastly growing, there has been an increasing demand for more industry-specific sustainability reporting studies to develop a greater understanding of industry differences in sustainability reporting practice. This study aims to measure the quality of sustainability disclosures in the current leading environmentally sensitive industry in Australia – the resources industry. Design/methodology/approach A scoring index was developed to measure economic, social and environmental aspects of sustainability by integrating the fundamental principles of the hard and soft disclosure items from Clarkson et al.’s (2008) environmental index into the social and economic aspects of the Global Reporting Initiative framework. Subsequently, the index was used to assess sustainability disclosures in the annual and sustainability reports of resources companies in Australia. Findings The main findings show that companies report more of soft disclosure items than the hard ones. It is also found that companies report most sustainability information in the economic aspect rather than the social and the environmental aspects of sustainability. Most companies disclose sustainability information in their annual reports with few companies producing stand-alone sustainability reports. Originality/value This study addresses the need for more industry-specific sustainability studies by focusing on Australia’s resources industry. It also contributes to the lack of an existing tool to measure disclosures based on companies’ true contributions to sustainability by developing a new scoring index for hard and soft sustainability disclosures, which includes all three aspects of sustainability (i.e. economic, environmental and social).
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Carbaugh, Robert J., and John Olienyk. "Boeing-Airbus Subsidy Dispute: A Sequel." Global Economy Journal 4, no. 2 (December 17, 2004): 1850024. http://dx.doi.org/10.2202/1524-5861.1047.
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After intensifying in the 1980s and 1990s, the longstanding dispute between Europe and the United States over government subsidies for the commercial jetliner industry again heated up in 2004. This time, however, the stakes were higher because both nations sued each other at the World Trade Organization over government subsidies paid to their respective commercial jetliner companies. The dispute over subsidies has heightened trade tensions between the United States and Europe, as both companies spar for dominance in the highly competitive industry of commercial aircraft. This paper provides a sequel to “Boeing-Airbus Subsidy Dispute: An Economic and Trade Perspective,” a paper written by these authors and published in the October-December 2001 issue of Global Economy Quarterly. The initial paper analyzed the trade frictions between Boeing and Airbus regarding governmental subsidies and its implications for the conduct and performance of the two companies in the commercial aircraft industry. This paper extends the analysis by discussing recent developments in the commercial aircraft industry, the subsidy dispute of Boeing and Airbus at the World Trade Organization, and the future health of the commercial jetliner industry.
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Jones, Peter, David Hillier, and Daphne Comfort. "Materiality and external assurance in corporate sustainability reporting." Journal of European Real Estate Research 9, no. 2 (August 1, 2016): 147–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jerer-07-2015-0027.
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Purpose The purposes of this paper are to provide a preliminary examination of the extent to which Europe’s leading commercial property companies are embracing the concept of materiality and commissioning independent external assurance as part of their sustainability reporting processes and to offer some wider reflections on materiality and external assurance in sustainability reporting. Design/methodology/approach The paper begins with an introduction to corporate sustainability, an outline of the European property market and of the drivers for, and challenges to, sustainability for property companies and a review of the characteristics of materiality and external assurance. The information on which the paper is based is drawn from the leading European commercial property companies’ corporate websites. Findings The paper reveals that all of Europe’s leading property companies had either reported or provided information on sustainability but that only approximately half of these companies had embraced materiality or commissioned some form of independent external assurance as an integral part of their sustainability reporting processes. In many ways, this reduces the reliability and credibility of the leading property companies’ sustainability reports. Looking to the future, growing stakeholder pressure may force more of the leading European property companies to embrace materiality and commission external assurance as systematic and integral elements in the sustainability reporting process. Originality/value The paper provides an accessible review of the current status of materiality and external assurance among Europe’s leading commercial property companies’ sustainability reporting and as such it will interest professionals, practitioners, academics and students interested in the sustainability in the property industry.
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Yaftian, Ali, Soheila Mirshekary, and Dessalegn Getie Mihret. "Learning commercial computerised accounting programmes." Accounting Research Journal 30, no. 3 (September 4, 2017): 312–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/arj-08-2015-0107.
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Purpose Practical accountving skills such as the ability to use commercial computerised accounting programmes (CCAP) is increasingly becoming expected of accounting graduates. To understand the impact of CCAP on learning, this paper aims to examine students’ motivations for and perceptions about learning CCAP in two accounting subjects trialled in an Australian university. Design/methodology/approach A survey of students who completed the course was conducted twice, before training and assessment using CCAP and after completing the CCAP-based learning activity and the associated assessment task. Findings The results show that students demonstrate strong positive attitudes towards learning CCAP, and using CCAP elicits active student engagement in the learning processes. The findings also show room for further enhancement of student engagement by integrating CCAP learning tasks with teamwork and developing CCAP-based learning and assessment tasks suitable for higher-order learning outcomes. Research limitations/implications The survey respondents in this study are drawn from only one higher education institution in Australia and are predominantly an international cohort. This makes the conclusions of the study exploratory in nature and thus further studies are needed before generalising the conclusions. Originality/value By providing insights into student motivations to and perceptions about the use of CCAP in accounting curricula, the study sheds light on the potential of CCAP to enhance learning and aspects of consolidating the role of CCAP as a learning tool.
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Brajczewska, Marta, and Aleksander Raczyński. "Legal Conditions for Commercial Activity of Mutual Insurance Companies." Prawo Asekuracyjne 3, no. 100 (September 15, 2019): 36–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0013.5731.
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This article aims at discussing a legal regulation relating to commercial activities of mutual insurance companies which is provided for in the Insurance and Reinsurance Activity Act, Accounting Act and the Regulation of the Minister of Finance on Specific Accounting Principles of Insurance and Reinsurance Companies. It explains the concept of commercial activity of mutual insurance company, as well as the dominant principle of mutuality. A fundamental part of the article is an attempt to interpret Article 111 paragraph 3 of the Insurance and Reinsurance Act, under which premiums from non-members of the mutual insurance company cannot constitute more than 10% (ten percent) of the gross premiums written. According to the authors, the rules for collecting premiums provided for in the Regulation on Specific Accounting Principles of Insurance and Reinsurance Companies, which are thoroughly discussed herein, are of key importance in this respect. In addition, the article also explores the effects of exceeding the limit provided for in Article 111 paragraph 3 of the Insurance and Reinsurance Activity Act, as well as the issue of settling the commercial profits.
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Waluyo Jati, Kuat, Linda Agustina, Indah Muliasari, and Diah Armeliza. "Islamic social reporting disclosure as a form of social responsibility of Islamic banks in Indonesia." Banks and Bank Systems 15, no. 2 (April 27, 2020): 47–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/bbs.15(2).2020.05.
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Sharia-compliant companies had to add Islamic Social Reporting when disclosing Corporate Social Responsibility information due to its characteristics. Sharia-compliant companies in Indonesia still do not do this much, and it is very interesting to study, because every sharia-based entity must comply with sharia provisions in all aspects of its activities, including when compiling social reporting. The purpose of this study is to analyze the influence of profitability, liquidity, leverage, and an Islamic Governance Score on Islamic Social Reporting in Islamic commercial banks in Indonesia. The sampling is carried out using a purposive sampling technique for up to 10 Islamic commercial banks with a six-year observation period, so there are 60 units of analysis. The data are collected using a documentation technique. The analysis in the study uses panel data regression. Based on a Random Effect Model, the study showed that profitability and leverage do not affect Islamic Social Reporting, while liquidity and the Islamic Governance Score had an impact on the Islamic Social Reporting.
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Roten, Ivan C., and Donald J. Mullineaux. "Equity Underwriting Spreads at Commercial Bank Holding Companies and Investment Banks." Journal of Financial Services Research 27, no. 3 (September 2005): 243–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10693-005-1803-1.
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Putyatina, Lyudmila M., Gennady V. Tikhonov, Lyudmila A. Lavrova, and Natalia V. Arsenieva. "Business activity of enterprises as a factor in accelerating technological progress in the economy." Revista de la Universidad del Zulia 12, no. 34 (September 2, 2021): 133–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.46925//rdluz.34.09.
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The article deals with the problems of increasing the commercial activity of machine-building companies in post-crisis conditions, the solution of which should contribute to a fairly rapid return to previously developed plans for their expansion. The relevance and novelty of the problem lies in an integrated approach to the category of commercial activity of companies, which involves investigating various areas of their activities and generalizations from the theoretical and practical point of view. The objective of the study is to identify possible ways to increase the commercial activity of companies to enter the development stage. The methodological basis of the study is based on work in the field of economics, management and finance of companies and the possibility of its use in modern conditions. The main directions of research into the commercial activity of companies are analyzed: ensuring planned growth and improving the material and technical base of production; balance and steady increase in financial results; increase in the efficiency of the use of all types of resources of the company and its work in general; effective policy of deepening specialization and diversifying production; and growth of innovative potential in all areas of activity.
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Wheatley, A. D. M. "TUBRIDGI — HOW DO SMALL COMPANIES OBTAIN PROJECT FINANCE." APPEA Journal 32, no. 1 (1992): 465. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj91039.
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In the current climate, petroleum companies with limited financial resources can expect to experience considerable difficulty in funding their projects. Without the presence of a substantial partner, able and prepared to guarantee completion, projects will need to be exceptional to attract finance. However, the strengths of the Tubridgi Gas Project (Tubridgi) together with the nature of the partnership between Barclays and the sponsors ensured that Tubridgi could proceed without support from a major.A financier's involvement in the final stages of project evaluation and planning can facilitate the project's financing. The early participation by a financier can ensure that critical agreements and studies are bankable, without the need for time consuming and expensive redrafts or additional programs, and may allow the financier to optimise the funding structure to the project sponsor's requirements. This situation can enable the project's sponsors to take advantage of the financier's experience as a reliable source of technical and commercial advice during the process of the technical audit whilst providing the financier with a high degree of comfort regarding the project.The focus for financiers is almost exclusively upon project risk whereas sponsors are able to consider the balancing rewards of 'upside potential'. Without careful management, this difference of viewpoint can lead to difficulties, with financiers requiring a level of certainty, in resource appraisal and project completion, beyond many project sponsors' expectations. Careful appraisal and mitigation of risk during project planning and execution enabled Tubridgi to proceed without the need for the sponsors to 'give away the farm'.
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Quang, Dung Pham, Thien Kieu Huu, and Hung Pham Manh. "Fintech Development and Cooperation Strategies of Vietnamese Commercial Banks." International Journal of Advanced Engineering and Management Research 07, no. 01 (2022): 53–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.51505/ijaemr.2022.7104.
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The digital technology platform with the Industrial Revolution 4.0 has created favorable conditions for the combination of finance and technology (Fintech) to create new products and services in the financial - banking sector. With the advantage of creativity and the ability to apply advanced digital technology platforms such as blockchain technology, cloud computing, artificial intelligence, data analysis, the Fintech field has been developing strongly globally in general and in Vietnam in particular. Therefore, the cooperation between commercial banks and Fintech companies will bring benefits to both parties and increase new experiences for customers. The article focuses on analyzing cooperation strategies between Vietnamese commercial banks and Fintech companies as well as proposing solutions to solve obstacles hindering this cooperation.
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Dixon, Tim. "Commercial property retrofitting." Journal of Property Investment & Finance 32, no. 4 (July 1, 2014): 443–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jpif-02-2014-0016.
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Purpose – Progress in retrofitting the UK's commercial properties continues to be slow and fragmented. New research from the UK and USA suggests that radical changes are needed to drive large-scale retrofitting, and that new and innovative models of financing can create new opportunities. The purpose of this paper is to offer insights into the terminology of retrofit and the changes in UK policy and practice that are needed to scale up activity in the sector. Design/methodology/approach – The paper reviews and synthesises key published research into commercial property retrofitting in the UK and USA and also draws on policy and practice from the EU and Australia. Findings – The paper provides a definition of “retrofit”, and compares and contrasts this with “refurbishment” and “renovation” in an international context. The paper summarises key findings from recent research and suggests that there are a number of policy and practice measures which need to be implemented in the UK for commercial retrofitting to succeed at scale. These include improved funding vehicles for retrofit; better transparency in actual energy performance; and consistency in measurement, verification and assessment standards. Practical implications – Policy and practice in the UK needs to change if large-scale commercial property retrofit is to be rolled out successfully. This requires mandatory legislation underpinned by incentives and penalties for non-compliance. Originality/value – This paper synthesises recent research to provide a set of policy and practice recommendations which draw on international experience, and can assist on implementation in the UK.
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Klumpes, Paul J. M. "Incentives Facing Life Insurance Firms to Report Actuarial Earnings: Evidence from Australia and the UK." Journal of Accounting, Auditing & Finance 17, no. 3 (July 2002): 237–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0148558x0201700303.
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During the 1990s, Australian and UK life industry professionals encouraged life insurance companies to provide investors with supplementary financial statements that incorporate the present value of actuarially calculated (“embedded value”) earnings (“PVAE”). However, these reporting practices have subsequently been criticized for potentially misleading investors and for failing to meet the definition of a recognizable asset. The propensity of proprietary UK and Australian life insurers to voluntarily report their PVAE is predicted to be driven by their desire to provide information to investors about their future profit expectations. The empirical tests are based on a sample of 67 Australian and UK proprietary and mutual firms. Consistent with the hypothesis, proprietary firms voluntarily reporting PVAE tend to have relatively higher future profit expectations than nondisclosing firms. These findings have implications for ongoing efforts to develop internationally harmonized financial reporting standards for life insurance companies.
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Mihai, Mirela Simina, and Adriana Duţescu. "Artificial Intelligence solutions for Romanian accounting companies." Proceedings of the International Conference on Business Excellence 16, no. 1 (August 1, 2022): 859–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/picbe-2022-0080.
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Abstract The fast availability of data coupled with technology evolution, have brought Artificial Intelligence closer to commercial use. The relevance of AI solutions for business models worldwide was underlined by the significant investments made by internet giants such as Google, Apple, Amazon, Facebook. In the highly data driven accounting and finance industry, AI represents a solution to drive better results. The level of AI applications implemented so far is not high. This study aims to highlight the drivers and inhibitors of AI adaptation in the finance and accounting industry based on interviews with experts in Artificial Intelligence in accounting and finance. First step for this study is represented by the process of understanding the current level of knowledge on the field by conducting a literature analysis. In order to structure the results a Technology - Organization - Environment framework was used. While applying Artificial Intelligence solutions the role models and process competencies are crucial. These will assure a success in the process of training algorithms to reach the quality level to operate, without any human intervention and moral concerns.
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Gautam, Kedar Raj. "Financial Performance Analysis of Nepalese Financial Institutions in the Framework of CAMEL." Janapriya Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies 9, no. 1 (December 31, 2020): 56–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jjis.v9i1.35277.
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Analysis of financial performance to detect financial health of finance companies, development banks and commercial banks as a whole is a less explored research in Nepalese context. This paper, therefore, attempts to examine the financial performance and factors influencing financial performance of Nepalese financial depositary institutions in the framework of CAMEL. This study is based on descriptive cum casual research design. This study is based on secondary data which was extracted from various publications published by Nepal Rastra Bank such as banking and financial statistics, financial stability report and bank supervision report. All commercial banks, development banks, and finance companies are taken as population of the study. The study deals with financial performance analysis of entire population covering five years from 2014/15 to 2018/19. The variables such as capital adequacy, assets quality, management efficiency, earnings and liquidity are used to analyze financial performance. Descriptive as well as pooled regression analysis was used to assess the relationship among the variables. Descriptive analysis shows that financial institutions in each category meet NRB standard regarding capital adequacy. On the basis of capital adequacy and earnings, finance companies stand at first, on the basis of assets quality, development banks stand at first and on the basis of management efficiency, commercial banks stand at first. Finance companies store high liquidity as compared to other class financial institutions. The regression analysis shows that return on assets, ROA has significant positive relationship with capital adequacy and ROE but ROA has significant negative relationship with assets quality. However, return on equity, ROE has significant positive relationship with assets quality and ROA but ROE has significant negative relationship with capital adequacy. Capital adequacy and assets quality play major role to maximize ROA and ROE of financial institutions.
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Holland, R. "Decline and Fall—a Tragedy in Three Acts." Anaesthesia and Intensive Care 35, no. 1_suppl (June 2007): 11–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0310057x0703501s02.
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Pre World War II, practising anaesthetists in Australia relied heavily on two companies—Commonwealth Industrial Gases and H.I. Clements & Son—for technical support. Post-war, these two were joined by Telectronics, the Australian company which exploited the electronic revolution in monitoring. From a position of profitability and major market share, all three fell to earth for commercial, political and managerial reasons.
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Bunter, K. L., and S. Hermesch. "What does the ‘closed herd’ really mean for Australian breeding companies and their customers?" Animal Production Science 57, no. 12 (2017): 2353. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/an17321.
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The perception that the genetic background of the Australian pig population is limiting for genetic improvement of commercial pigs in Australia is considered in the context of well established theory combined with practical evidence. The diversity of pig breeds used in modern commercial pig-breeding programs is diminished worldwide relative to all the pig breeds available. Australia is no different in this respect. The use of predominantly three main breeds (Large White, Landrace, Duroc) and synthetic lines, with contributions from other minor breeds to form the basis of a cross-breeding system for commercial pig production is well established internationally. The Australian concern of relatively small founder populations is potentially of relevance, from a theoretical perspective, for (1) the prevalence of defects or the presence of desirable alleles, and (2) the loss of genetic variation or increase in inbreeding depression resulting from increased inbreeding in closed nucleus lines, potentially reducing response to selection. However, rates of response achieved in Australian herds are generally commensurate with the performance recording and selection emphasis applied, and do not appear to be unduly restricted. Moreover, favourable alleles present in unrepresented breeds are frequently present in the three major breeds elsewhere, and therefore would be expected to be present within the Australian populations. Wider testing would provide confirmation of this. Comparison of estimates of effective population size of Australian populations with experimental selection lines overseas (e.g. INRA) or other intensely selected species (e.g. Holstein cattle) suggest adequate genetic diversity to achieve ongoing genetic improvement in the Australian pig industry. However, fitness traits should be included in breeding goals. What remains to be seen is whether novel phenotypes or genotypes are required to meet future challenges, which might be imposed by changes in the environment (e.g. climate change, disease) or market needs. Given probable overlap in genetic merit across Australian and foreign populations for unselected attributes, we suggest that sufficient genetic resources are already present in Australian herds to continue commercial progress within existing Australian populations that have adapted to Australian conditions.
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Stutzman, J. R., and Stanley R. Stansell. "An examination of the relative economic efficiency of commercial vs. cooperative telephone companies." Journal of Economics and Finance 16, no. 2 (June 1992): 47–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02920107.
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Halili, Enver, Ali Salman Saleh, and Rami Zeitun. "Governance and long-term operating performance of family and non-family firms in Australia." Studies in Economics and Finance 32, no. 4 (October 5, 2015): 398–421. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/sef-02-2014-0034.
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Purpose – The purpose of this study is to conduct a comparative analysis of the long-term operating performance of family and non-family firms from the agency theoretic perspective. The analysis is focused on investigating the impact of family ownership on principal–agent conflicts of interest. Design/methodology/approach – This paper examines the relationship between firm operating performance and family ownership for a large sample of 677 Australian-listed companies. The paper uses the Generalised Method of Moments (GMM) estimator model developed by Arellano and Bond (1991) and used by other studies in finance (Baltagi, 2012; Bond, 2002; Mohamed et al., 2008). Findings – The empirical results show that firms with ownership concentration has a better operating performance due to the alignment of owner-management interests. This study also finds that family-listed companies have higher survival rates and perform better than non-family companies. Findings support the hypothesis that agency costs arise as a result of privileged access of information and self-interest behaviour of managers (outsiders) in firms with dispersed ownership structures. Originality/value – Earlier studies have only focused on short-term perspectives, particularly investigating small and medium types of Australian family businesses from narrow aspects, such as productivity, business behaviour, capital structure and leverage. Therefore, this paper has conducted a comparative examination of family and non-family firms listed on the Australian Stock Exchange (ASX) to identify the impact of agency costs on their financial performance.
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Vlasova, Victoria M., and Larisa S. Vorobiova. "ECONOMY AND FINANCE OF HIGH-TECH COMPANIES IN RUSSIA IN VARIOUS FORMS." Economy of the North-West: problems and prospects of development 2, no. 69 (September 30, 2022): 38–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.52897/2411-4588-2022-2-38-44.
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The article proposes a classification of the forms of high-tech companies operating in the Russian Federation, depending on their work with high technologies. Companies with signs of using individual components of high technologies, companies that use high technologies in a complex way, companies that acquire high technologies, small innovative enterprises, as well as companies with a complete innovative production cycle are identified. The features of the organization in various forms of high-tech companies in the economy and finance are shown, namely, the construction of financial and economic work based on their technological development, the use of open innovations, the window of open innovations, the management of patents and licenses, as well as innovative development funds and intellectual capital. A primary comparative analysis of financial reporting forms was carried out, new types of income and expenses received by providing own innovative projects to the side and attracting projects of third-party individuals-inventors and organizations on a mutually beneficial basis are shown. The methods of comparative analysis of absolute values and the share of such indicators as net profit, retained earnings, and in its composition the part that is aimed at innovation, return on equity and investments, sources of financing of intellectual activity are used. Analytical information is useful for the owners of high-tech companies, commercial banks, publicprivate partnerships, management decision-making on the use of scientific ideas and the results of a feasibility study in the company’s scientific and production cycle or their commercialization.
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Ahmed, Ammad, Helen Higgs, Chew Ng, and Deborah Anne Delaney. "Determinants of women representation on corporate boards: evidence from Australia." Accounting Research Journal 31, no. 3 (September 3, 2018): 326–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/arj-11-2015-0133.
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Purpose This paper aims to investigate the determinants of women representation on Australian corporate boards under the ASX’s “if not, why not” corporate governance framework. It further aims to improve the study of Geiger and Marlin (2012) by using a theoretically sound two-limit Tobit model to examine the determinants. Design/methodology/approach This study uses the two-limit Tobit model to examine the determinants of women representation on ASX 500 boards. This approach is used due to the censored nature of the dependent variable. Findings This study finds that the two-limit Tobit model is an appropriate methodology to accommodate the censored dependent variable. It further finds that firm size, women as chair of boards, corporate governance index, Global Reporting Initiative signatory, debt ratio, average board age, BIG4 auditors, chief executive officer tenure and shareholder concentration are major determinants of women on boards. Research limitations/implications The use of only ASX 500 companies and the sample years (2011-2014) may limit the generalisation of the findings. Originality/value This is the first extensive longitudinal Australian study to examine the drivers of women representation on corporate boards. It is also the first of its kind to use the two-limit Tobit model to consider these determinants.
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Graham, Chris. "State of the nation: Australia's upstream industry in 2014." APPEA Journal 54, no. 2 (2014): 551. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj13124.
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Australia has emerged as a major international upstream player during the past few years. Record investment recently is set to transform Australia into one of the world’s leading gas exporters by the end of this decade. The significant unconventional oil and gas potential continues to attract major international energy companies to these shores, while exploration activity remains buoyant despite a reserves to production ratio (R/P) of more than 65 years. Australia has the resources and the skill set to remain at the forefront of the industry for years to come. Growing international competition, cost, regulatory, and productivity challenges, however, are beginning to blot the landscape for future investment of a similar scale. Drawing on the commercial challenges of operating in Australia, the author explores whether the returns of offer in Australia stack up against some of the opportunities elsewhere in the world, and what can be done to keep Australia’s resources industries competitive.
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Suták, Péter. "Structured commodity finance." Applied Studies in Agribusiness and Commerce 6, no. 5 (December 31, 2012): 77–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.19041/apstract/2012/5/13.
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Over the past years, the financial stock market – providing the capital demand that is the result of stockpiling and the characteristic strong seasonality observed in the agricultural sector – has increasingly grown and become more “used” by market participants. Its size had reached an annual value of 200 billion HUF, of which agricultural products had received the largest proportion through the various market participants (producers, integrators, traders, feed producers, mills). In the meantime, this market had become part of the competition between the commercial banks that are the largest financers of the sector, due to which the financing credit institutions had undertaken increasing risk levels, with respect to both degree of financing and the VAT financing related to stockholding. The practice of commodity financing by banks display a rather varied picture at present. Considering the exceptional degree of fall in prices and the actions of companies totally disregarding business ethics in 2008, it seems necessary to reveal the full scope of risks inherent in commodity financing. The primary aim of such an exercise is to ensure the prudent operation of refinancing activities for commercial banks. The inherent risks in trade financing – as has been proven by the experiences of previous years – are not found primarily in the goods themselves, but rather at the actual storage facility and also emerge in relation to clients, as well as the inadequate and ineffective risk management of price volatility by the financers. Therefore, the establishment of banking risk management and risk prevention techniques, including the development of new financing procedures become indispensable, minimizing all types of risks that had emerged in previous years.
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Wodnicka, Monika, and Dagmara Skurpel. "Reverse Logistics in Polish Commercial Companies from Economic and Management Perspective." EUROPEAN RESEARCH STUDIES JOURNAL XXIV, Issue 4 (November 1, 2021): 819–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.35808/ersj/2629.
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Prabitha, P. K., and C. Krishnan. "A Comparative Study of Growth and Performance of Housing Finance Companies and Scheduled Commercial Banks on Housing Finance in India." International Journal of Management Studies V, no. 4(9) (October 31, 2018): 88. http://dx.doi.org/10.18843/ijms/v5i4(9)/12.
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Nie, Yajun. "Research on China's Green Finance Credit Risk Measurement Based on Improved KMV Model — Credit risk assessment of new energy automobile industry." BCP Business & Management 27 (September 6, 2022): 292–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.54691/bcpbm.v27i.1975.
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This paper focuses on the issue of green finance credit risk measurement, taking China's new energy vehicle listed companies as a sample, taking into account the actual situation of China's financial market, using a modified KMV model to estimate the default distance of selected companies, and comparing with the traditional industries in these three years. The results show that the average default distance of 30 new energy automobile companies is larger than that of 30 traditional automobile manufacturing companies, and the default probability is smaller. As the credit loan risk for the new-energy automobile industry is lower, commercial banks are encouraged to carry out green credit business, and policy and subsidy support related to the new-energy industry shall be given at the same time.
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Kallamu, Basiru Salisu, and Nur Ashikin Mohd Saat. "Audit committee attributes and firm performance: evidence from Malaysian finance companies." Asian Review of Accounting 23, no. 3 (September 7, 2015): 206–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ara-11-2013-0076.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine the impact of audit committee (AC) attributes on the performance of finance companies in Malaysia in both period before and after the Malaysian Code on Corporate Governance (MCCG) was issued in order to determine which of the AC attributes enhances performance of finance companies in Malaysia. Design/methodology/approach – The population of the study comprises firms listed under finance sector of the main market of Bursa Malaysia. The number of firms listed on the main market of Bursa Malaysia as at the time of data collection (2012) was 822, out of which 37 were finance firms. Since the number of finance companies listed on the main market was only 37, all companies were used as sample for this study. This comprises companies involved in commercial, investment and Islamic banking, insurance, Takaful and other finance-related services. The sample for the period prior to MCCG varies over the period of observation. The number of finance companies in 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995 and 1996 was 36, 40, 44, 47 and 54, respectively. The sample comprises companies in commercial banking, investment banking, Islamic banking, insurance, Takaful and other finance-related services. The sample comprises firms listed on the main board of Kuala Lumpur stock exchange as it was called before the name was changed to Bursa Malaysia. The companies listed under the Ace market are not included due to their small number and because they are subject to different listing requirements. The list of the finance companies for the period 2007-2011 is obtained from the web site of Bursa Malaysia while for the period 1992-1996, the list is obtained from Bursa Malaysia knowledge centre. The observation period for the study covers financial period from 2007 to 2011 which represents post MCCG period while period from 1992 to 1996 represents the period before MCCG. Findings – The findings suggests a significant positive relationship between independent AC members and profitability while dual membership of directors on audit and nomination committee is significant and negatively related with profitability. The result supports agency theory which suggests that independent directors provide effective monitoring of the management thereby enhancing profitability and reducing possibility for opportunistic behavior by the management and ultimately enhancing performance. In addition, the result indicates that there was significant improvement in corporate governance in finance companies after the MCCG was issued compared to the period before it was issued. Research limitations/implications – The study focussed only on finance companies listed on Bursa Malaysia. The attributes examined include independence, expertise, experience, executive membership and interlock of directors, future studies could examine other attributes such as internal process of the committee and personal characteristics of the directors. Furthermore, the study used secondary data future studies could use primary data or a combination of primary and secondary data. The study only examined the period before MCCG and after the code was issued, future study could examine the impact of the first and second revision and compare it with period after the first and second revision. Practical implications – The findings contribute to the literature and the understanding of the influence of AC attributes such as independence and experience of the directors on the committee by showing an association between director independence, expertise, experience and improved performance. Management and board of companies may use the findings to make appropriate choices about AC attributes and governance mechanisms to improve performance particularly with regards to independence, expertise, experience and interlock of the directors. Social implications – The study has provided policy makers with a better understanding of the various features a AC should have which could be incorporated in future policy formulation in order to safeguard investments of shareholders, protect the interest of various stakeholders and enhance the flow of capital and foreign direct investment into finance companies and the economy in general. Comparison of the result between the pre MCCG and post MCCG period shows an improvement in corporate governance in finance companies after the MCCG was issued. This implies that the initial issue of MCCG impacted positively on the governance of the finance companies. Originality/value – To best of the authors knowledge the study is the first to examine the attributes of AC in finance sector as a whole and to examine the impact in the period before and after the MCCG was issued.
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Tan, Samantha, and Greg Tower. "The Influence of Selected Contingent Variables on Half‐Yearly Reporting Compliance by Listed Companies in Australia and Singapore." Asian Review of Accounting 7, no. 2 (February 1999): 66–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/eb060714.
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Mintah, Kwabena, Woon-Weng Wong, and Peng Yew Wong. "International Real Estate Review." International Real Estate Review 23, no. 2 (June 30, 2020): 211–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.53383/100300.
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The purpose of this study is to evaluate the impact of cross border real estate investments on the performance of the direct commercial property market in Australia. Using an autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) model, factors including volume of cross border real estate investments, real gross domestic product (RGDP), office stock, and vacancy and net absorption rates are examined for their impact on total returns. The results indicate that traditionally established long-term drivers, including RGDP, office stock, and vacancy and net absorption rates, are still relevant. It is found that cross border real estate investments have impact on the performance of the direct commercial office property market in Australia. The results and findings would help property investors, developers, policymakers, and stakeholders in decision making around property investments. This research is an initial study that focuses on the impact that cross border real estate investments have on the performance of the direct commercial/office property market in Australia.
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Roszkowska-Hołysz, Dorota. "The Accounts Receivable Management in Commercial Enterprises of the Installation and Heating Industry." Management 17, no. 2 (December 1, 2013): 166–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/manment-2013-0063.
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Summary The Accounts Receivable Management in Commercial Enterprises of the Installation and Heating Industry The article presents the issues of managing current assets in trade enterprises on the market of sanitary and heating devices and installations. It is a capital intensive activity and the current assets being receivables are characterized by a high risk level. Distributors finance executing companies, which commonly use trade credit.
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Reese, Henry. "Shopgirls as Consumers: Selling Popular Music in 1920s Australia." Labour History: Volume 121, Issue 1 121, no. 1 (November 1, 2021): 155–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/jlh.2021.22.
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The mid-1920s were boom years for the Australian gramophone trade. The most prominent multinational record companies had established local branches, and a handful of new factories produced millions of records for sale on the local market. Department stores joined an established network of music traders in retailing these cultural products. This article explores the labour of women involved in the retail sale of gramophone records in Melbourne. Selling recorded sound animated a charged rhetoric of musical meliorism, class and taste, according to which the value of the product was determined by the supposed musical quality thereof. Australian saleswomen or “shopgirls” were required to perform evidence of their modernity in the commercial encounter. I propose that conceiving of record saleswomen as simultaneously sellers and consumers provides valuable insight into the entangled nature of capitalism and culture in the realm of Australian music. This exploration of the process of commercialisation of recorded music illuminates the connection between labour and culture, leisure and society in colonial modernity.
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Harrison, Julie, and Mark Keating. "The deductibility of Sarbanes-Oxley costs incurred by Australasian companies." Accounting Research Journal 27, no. 1 (July 7, 2014): 52–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/arj-09-2013-0064.
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Purpose – This paper aims to examine the nature of Sarbanes-Oxley (SOX) costs incurred by subsidiaries of USA parent companies, and considers whether any value flows to non-USA subsidiaries. Deductibility is analysed under both the general deductibility provisions and the transfer pricing regimes of Australia and New Zealand (NZ). Reference is also made to the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) transfer pricing guidelines and the US transfer pricing regulations. Australasian and New Zealand subsidiaries of US parent companies frequently incur costs related to their parent’s regulatory reporting requirements under the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. Tax authorities, generally, view these costs as “shareholder activities”, i.e. activities performed for the benefit of the parent only. As such, they are considered non-deductible to the subsidiaries of USA parents because an independent party dealing at arm’s length would not pay to receive similar services. We consider circumstances in which some costs may be deductible. Design/methodology/approach – Legal analysis. Findings – We conclude that there can be circumstances where these so-called shareholder activities do provide value to subsidiaries and, accordingly, may (or should) be deductible in the local jurisdiction. Research limitations/implications – This analysis is limited to a consideration of Australian, NZ, OECD and US sources. Practical implications – This paper provides an analysis of the deductibility of a type of expenditure commonly encountered by subsidiaries of US parent companies. Originality/value – Limited research is available that deals with this issue. In most cases, only general statements on deductibility of similar types of expenditure are available to taxpayers.
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Al Kharusi, Sami, and Eşref Savaş Başci. "Financial institutions performance evaluation in a unique developing market using TOPSIS approach." Banks and Bank Systems 12, no. 1 (March 24, 2017): 54–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/bbs.12(1).2017.06.
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Using Technique for Order Performance by Similarity to Ideal Solutions (TOPSIS) approach for the data from 2011 to 2015, the authors investigate the financial performance of 16 different financial institutions in Oman that include nine commercial banks, three specialized banks, two investment companies, and two finance companies. They find that the one investment company, Dhofar International Development and Investment Holding Co., was more efficient in 2015 and 2011. Moreover, Oman Housing Bank was more efficient in 2013 and 2014, while Ahli Bank was more efficient in the year 2012. In contrast, Bank Muscat that has the largest total assets was ranked number 16 for the years 2013, 2014 and 2015. As a result of Spearman’s Rho (Rank-Order) Correlation, all ranked results are related to other years. If a bank is at placement in level, it can be affected by year before or year after. But Oman banks’ correlations shows that there are 2 different periods as effecting one year to the other. Keywords: financial institutions performance, TOPSIS, emerging markets, efficiency, decision making criteria. JEL Classification: G21, G23, L25
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Bazmi, Nisar Ahmad, and Muhammad Amir. "Either manufacturing sector rely on capital markets on the basis of financial resources An empirical study of industries in Pakistan." International Journal For Research In Business, Management And Accounting (ISSN: 2455-6114) 1, no. 2 (July 6, 2021): 06–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.53555/bma.v1i2.1673.
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The present study employed the financial resources of the manufacturing sector in Pakistan was to discover compare the performance of the manufacturing sector in Pakistan. Pakistan manufacturing sector find out effect on the performance of financial resources. Capital market firms, public financing, reallocation of internal resources, commercial financing and venture capital use various sources of finance, funds Market bonds and shares. According to (Dai, Jo, & Kassicieh, 2013; Gallagher, 2012) Relied on the release of Commercial financing, funding for these mostly companies rely on financial institutions. Few companies also use their own funds in the absence of public finances as well as companies also funding and venture capital reallocation of resources to their own use. This funding cost, magnitude of the risk associated with these resources due to their cost has a direct effect on the performance of firms that is clear. The present study used financial resources are manufacturing firms and their effect on the performance of this funding has been conducted to explore.
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Baral, Keshar J. "Determinants of Capital Structure: A Case Study of Listed Companies of Nepal." Journal of Nepalese Business Studies 1, no. 1 (August 12, 2006): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jnbs.v1i1.34.
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In this paper, an attempt has been made to examine the determinants of capital structure -size, business risk, growth rate, earning rate, dividend payout, debt service capacity, and degree of operating leverage-of the companies listed to Nepal Stock Exchange Ltd. as of July 16, 2003. Eight variables multiple regression model has been used to assess the influence of defined explanatory variables on capital structure. In the preliminary analysis, manufacturing companies, commercial banks, insurance companies, and finance companies were included. However, due to the unusual sign problem in the constant term of the model, manufacturing companies were excluded in final analysis. This study shows that size, growth rate and earning rate are statistically significant determinants of capital structure of the listed companies.
Journal of Nepalese Business Studies Vol.1(1) 2004 pp. 1-13
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Urban, Michael, and Dariusz Wójcik. "Dirty Banking: Probing the Gap in Sustainable Finance." Sustainability 11, no. 6 (March 22, 2019): 1745. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11061745.
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In 2016, the Global Sustainable Investment Alliance estimated the market for sustainable investments to have reached 22.89 trillion USD of assets under management. While financial institutions have embraced the idea of sustainable finance as a business opportunity, they have arguably done little, but to piggy-back on investors’ demand. Today, it is not unusual for a single firm to retail fossil free investment funds and concomitantly offer commercial loans towards fracking, coal, and Arctic drilling. This paradox is underpinned by a major gap in the way sustainability has permeated primary and secondary markets which, we argue, calls for a serious rethinking of the sustainability transition in finance. This article proposes two contributions in this direction. First, we develop an original conceptualisation of finance as a socio-technical system to discuss the dynamics that both hinder and promote a transition from mainstream to sustainable finance. Second, we propose to study how investment banks integrate sustainability in their underwriting services. To do so, we filter through close to half a million of debt and equity underwriting deals (2005–2017) using the Government Pension Fund Global of Norway’s list of 153 excluded companies. Our results suggest that investment banks do not shy away from underwriting companies that have been flagged for major environmental, social, and governance misconduct, neither do they restrain from underwriting companies providing contentious products, such as tobacco, coal, and nuclear weapons. Moving forward, we suggest ways to address this problem and call for further research on the responsibility and agency of finance and advanced business services firms in sustainability transitions.
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Harkin, Diarmaid. "Regulating private sector security provision for victims of domestic violence." Theoretical Criminology 23, no. 3 (November 30, 2017): 415–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362480617737760.
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Private companies are increasingly involved with the security concerns of victims of domestic violence. This involvement manifests in a number of forms including the proliferation of technology and private security companies that seek a market among domestic violence victims and services. In this article, data gathered in Australia are used to show that private sector involvement with victims of domestic violence can be a useful addition to the landscape of providers who respond to the needs of an under-protected population, but that steps must be taken to ensure the ethical and competent performance of such commercial actors and their technological solutions. Therefore, a form of ‘civil regulation’ is suggested that aims to align private security with the broader public interest.
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Cauli, Alberto. "Francesco De Pinedo and Ernesto Campanelli's record-breaking flight to Australia – perception, recognition and legacy: an account in the Australian Press." Journal of Navigation 74, no. 2 (January 14, 2021): 328–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0373463320000764.
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The year 2020 marked the 95th anniversary of Francesco De Pinedo and Ernesto Campanelli's record-breaking flight of 55,000 km, from Italy to Australia, Japan and back, in a seaplane named Gennariello. Their achievement was lauded worldwide, especially in Australia, where the press reported on it intensively. This paper reconstructs the story of the flight by analysing the Australian press accounts and De Pinedo's diary, to understand how the Australian public perceived the event. It investigates the aviators’ arrival in Perth, Adelaide and Melbourne, where their popularity was greatest and where the local Italian communities enthusiastically welcomed them. The analysis shows that the flight engendered increased public interest and paid dividends in terms of image for the commercial companies involved, while fascism exploited it to display its progress in aviation. The paper concludes by exploring the legacy of the endeavour in modern Italy and Australia, emphasising the differences between the countries.
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Banerjee, Prashanta Kumar. "Performance Evaluation of Indian Factoring Business: A Study of SBI Factors and Commercial Services Limited, and Canbank Factors Limited." Vision: The Journal of Business Perspective 7, no. 1 (January 2003): 55–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/097226290300700105.
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Factoring is a global industry with a vast turnover. It offers various advantages like consistent cash flow, lower administration costs, reduced credit risks and more time for core activities. Both the domestic and international factoring are getting popularity at an impressive rate in all parts of the world. The factoring services made an entry in India in the year 1991. Since then, a good number of factoring companies namely SBI Factors and Commercial Services Ltd., Canbank Factors Ltd, Wipro Finance Ltd., Integrated Finance Company Ltd, and Foremost Factors Ltd. have been offering factoring services in India. This paper evaluates the operational and financial performance of Indian Factoring Companies. For this, Ratio, Annual Average, Average Per Annum Growth Rate, Compound Growth Rate and Mann-Whitney U test have been used. The study confirms that operational and financial performance of the factors in India has been improving through time.
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Li, Hui, and Petros Stathis. "Determinants of capital structure in Australia: an analysis of important factors." Managerial Finance 43, no. 8 (August 14, 2017): 881–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/mf-02-2017-0030.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the many factors that affect the leverage decisions of publicly traded Australian companies, and tests to see whether these factors are reliably important. The relationship between these factors and the leverage decision is examined. Design/methodology/approach This study uses a multiple linear panel regressions to study the relationship between the factors and leverage. Findings The authors find a set of eight factors which are reliably important for capital structure decision making. These factors include: profitability, log of assets, median industry leverage, industry growth, market to book ratio, tangibility, capital expenditure, and investment tax credits. The empirical evidence indicates weakening support for the pecking order hypothesis and increasing support for the trade-off theory in Australia. Originality/value This paper examines the determinants of capital structure using Australian firms and provides a comprehensive empirical support for the capital structure theories.
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Adams, Zeno, Roland Füss, and Reint Gropp. "Spillover Effects among Financial Institutions: A State-Dependent Sensitivity Value-at-Risk Approach." Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis 49, no. 3 (May 30, 2014): 575–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022109014000325.
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AbstractIn this paper, we develop a state-dependent sensitivity value-at-risk (SDSVaR) approach that enables us to quantify the direction, size, and duration of risk spillovers among financial institutions as a function of the state of financial markets (tranquil, normal, and volatile). For four sets of major financial institutions (commercial banks, investment banks, hedge funds, and insurance companies), we show that while small during normal times, equivalent shocks lead to considerable spillover effects in volatile market periods. Commercial banks and, especially, hedge funds appear to play a major role in the transmission of shocks to other financial institutions.
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Song, Hua, Kangkang Yu, and Qiang Lu. "Financial service providers and banks’ role in helping SMEs to access finance." International Journal of Physical Distribution & Logistics Management 48, no. 1 (February 12, 2018): 69–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijpdlm-11-2016-0315.
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Purpose Despite their crucial role in sustaining national economies, small and medium enterprises (SMEs) are beset by the constraint of financing at better conditions. The purpose of this paper is to compare supply chain finance (SCF) solutions provided by commercial banks and financial service providers (FSPs) that help SMEs access financing. Design/methodology/approach This study looks at multiple case studies using in-depth interviews with focal firms (lenders) to answer the research questions. In-depth interviews were conducted with three Chinese FSPs and three commercial banks providing working capital to the same SMEs. The unit of analysis is SCF solutions that have made the companies competitive in the industry. Findings The case studies show that the acquisition of transaction information and business credit in SCF can reduce ex ante information asymmetry. SCF utilizing receivable transfers, closed-loop business, relational embeddedness, and a combination of outcome control and behavioral control can also reduce ex post information asymmetry. For these reasons, compared with commercial bank-dominated SCF, SCF adopted by FSPs in the supply chain can better reduce information asymmetry. Originality/value This study contributes to the emerging literature exploring the impact of SCF on SMEs accessing financing. In particular, this study provides supply chain management and operations insights on SCF and their consequent influence. Previous research has focused on the direct dyadic relationship between lenders and borrowers while neglecting supply chain effects. Uniquely, this study explores the different ways commercial banks and FSPs implement SCF solutions.