Relevant bibliographies by topics / Commercial buildings

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Commercial buildings'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 29 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Commercial buildings"

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Rock, Stephanie, M. Reza Hosseini, Bahareh Nikmehr, Igor Martek, Sepehr Abrishami, and Serdar Durdyev. "Barriers to “green operation” of commercial office buildings." Facilities 37, no. 13/14 (October 7, 2019): 1048–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/f-08-2018-0101.

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Purpose The built environment is a major source of carbon emissions. However, 80 per cent of the damage arises through the operational phase of a building’s life. Office buildings are the most significant building type in terms of emission-reduction potential. Yet, little research has been undertaken to examine the barriers faced by building operators in transitioning to a green operation of the office buildings in their care. This study aims to identify those barriers. Design/methodology/approach Building facilities managers with between 7 and 25 years’ experience in operating primarily Melbourne high-rise office buildings were interviewed. The sample was taken from LinkedIn connections, with ten agreeing to participate in semi-structured interviews – out of the 17 invitations sent out. Interview comments were recorded, coded and categorised to identify the barriers sought by this study. Findings Seven categories of barriers to effecting green operation of office buildings were extracted. These were financial, owner-related, tenant-related, technological, regulatory, architectural and stakeholder interest conflicts. Difficulties identifying green operation strategies that improved cost performance or return on investment of buildings was the major barrier. Practical implications Government, policymakers and facilities managers themselves have been struggling with how to catalyse a green transition in the operation of office buildings. By identifying the barriers standing in the way, this study provides a concrete point of departure from which remedial strategies and policies may be formulated and put into effect. Originality/value The uptake of green operation of office buildings has been extremely slow. Though barriers have been hypothesised in earlier works, this is the first study, to the best of the authors’ knowledge, that categorically identifies and tabulates the barriers that stand in the way of improving the green operational performance of office buildings, drawing on the direct knowledge of facilities experts.
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Tan, Wen Di, and Li Zhu. "The Fusion of Commercial Buildings and the City." Advanced Materials Research 919-921 (April 2014): 1618–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.919-921.1618.

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The fusion of commercial buildings and city will more closely, this paper analyzes issue of fusion from three aspects, the fusion of commercial buildings and city traffic, energy, communication system, the fusion of commercial buildings and other functions building in the city, the fusion of humane geographical features of commercial buildings and city, this paper has guiding significance to design the commercial project planning and commercial building.
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Faddel, Samy, Guanyu Tian, and Qun Zhou. "Decentralized Management of Commercial HVAC Systems." Energies 14, no. 11 (May 24, 2021): 3024. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14113024.

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With the growth of commercial building sizes, it is more beneficial to make them “smart” by controlling the schedule of the heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) system adaptively. Single-building-based scheduling methods are more focused on individual interests and usually result in overlapped schedules that can cause voltage deviations in their microgrid. This paper proposes a decentralized management framework that is able to minimize the total electricity costs of a commercial microgrid and limit the voltage deviations. The proposed scheme is a two-level optimization where the lower level ensures the thermal comfort inside the buildings while the upper level consider system-wise constraints and costs. The decentralization of the framework is able to maintain the privacy of individual buildings. Multiple data-driven building models are developed and compared. The effect of the building modeling on the overall operation of coordinated buildings is discussed. The proposed framework is validated on a modified IEEE 13-bus system with different connected types of commercial buildings. The results show that coordinated optimization outperforms the commonly used commercial controller and individual optimization of buildings. The results also show that the total costs are greatly affected by the building modeling.
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Liu, Jia Sheng. "Analysis of the Development of Chinese Commercial Buildings." Applied Mechanics and Materials 357-360 (August 2013): 91–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.357-360.91.

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Based on the concept, the development characteristics of commercial buildings in different historical periods in China was summarized: before Song Dynasty, the Chinese commercial buildings mainly referred to simple stalls; after the Song Dynasty, commercial buildings developed with the appearance of restaurants, hotels and some entertainment places; in modern Chinese, commercial buildings showed the trend of westernization. So far, the variety and size of commercial buildings became more centralized and comprehensive. With the appearance of more green and intelligent buildings, the concept of sustainable development is reflected in the design of commercial buildings. The author expects the future of Chinese commercial buildings and provides some reference for the design and development of commercial building in the future.
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Gu, Jiefan, Peng Xu, and Ying Ji. "A Fast Method for Calculating the Impact of Occupancy on Commercial Building Energy Consumption." Buildings 13, no. 2 (February 19, 2023): 567. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings13020567.

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Occupancy, which refers to the occupant count in this paper, is one of the main factors affecting the energy consumption of commercial buildings. It is important for both building managers and energy simulation engineers to understand how an entire building’s energy consumption varies with different occupancy levels in the process of building automation systems or in assessments of building performance with benchmarking lines. Because commercial buildings usually have large scales, complex layouts and a large number of people, it is a challenge to simulate the relationships between an entire building’s energy consumption and occupancy. This study proposes a fast method for calculating the influence of occupancy on the energy consumption of commercial buildings with different building layouts and existing occupancies. Other occupant behaviors, such as the opening of windows and adjustment of shading devices, are comprehensively reflected in two basic building parameters: the balance point temperature and the total heat transmission coefficient of the building. This new method can be easily used to analyze how building energy varies with occupancy without a physical building’s energy model. An office building in Shanghai is taken as a case study to validate the proposed method. The results show that the coefficient of determination R2 between the calculated value and actual value is 0.86, 0.8 and 0.71 for lighting, cooling and heating energy, respectively, which is suitable in engineering applications.
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Sherman, Rachael, Hariharan Naganathan, and Kristen Parrish. "Energy Savings Results from Small Commercial Building Retrofits in the US." Energies 14, no. 19 (September 29, 2021): 6207. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14196207.

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Small commercial buildings, or those comprising less than 50,000 square feet of floor area, represent 94% of U.S commercial buildings by count and consume approximately 8% of the nation’s primary energy; as such, they represent a largely unexploited opportunity for energy savings. Small commercial buildings also represent a large economic market—the National Institute of Building Sciences (NIBS) estimated the small commercial retrofit market at USD 35.6 billion. Despite the prominence of small commercial buildings and the economic opportunity for energy retrofits, many energy efficiency programs focus on large commercial buildings, and create efficiency solutions that do not meet the needs of the small commercial market. This paper presents an analysis of 34 small commercial case study projects that implemented energy efficiency retrofits. This paper contributes to the existing building retrofit body of knowledge in the following ways: (1) it identifies the decision criteria used by small commercial building stakeholders that decided to complete an energy retrofit; (2) it identifies the most commonly implemented efficiency measures in small commercial buildings, and discusses why this is the case; and (3) it provides empirical evidence about the efficacy of installing single energy efficiency measures (EEMs) compared to packages of EEMs in small commercial buildings by reporting verified energy savings. To the authors’ knowledge, this paper is the first to catalog decision criteria and energy savings for the existing small commercial buildings market, and this research illustrates that small commercial building decision-makers seem most motivated to retrofit their spaces by energy cost savings and operational concerns. Furthermore, small commercial building decision-makers opted to implement single-system retrofits in fifteen (15) of the thirty-four cases studied. Finally, this research documents the improved savings, in the small commercial buildings market, associated with a more integrated package of EEMs compared to a single-system approach, achieving approximately 10% energy savings for a single-system approach and more than 20% energy savings for integrated approaches. These savings translate to CO2 savings of 1,324,000 kgCO2/year to 2,647,000 kgCO2/year, respectively, assuming small commercial buildings are retrofit at a rate of 0.95% of the stock annually.
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Sundfors, David Olof Fredrik, and Magnus Bonde. "Sustainability metrics for commercial buildings in Sweden." Property Management 36, no. 5 (October 15, 2018): 521–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/pm-02-2017-0010.

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Purpose Environmental rating systems typically focus on building characteristics at a specific point in time; but from investment and valuation perspectives, actual performance over time should be the most important thing. Newly constructed commercial buildings today usually come with a high degree of technically advanced installations and a wide range of monitoring possibilities. This provides us with the possibility of monitoring a building’s in-use performance. The purpose of this paper is to investigate how frontrunners in the Swedish green building market actually monitor their new buildings, and look for similarities in that area. Design/methodology/approach By investigating a selected case study, conducting a survey and follow-up interviews among Swedish real estate companies and finally studying the available industry information, this paper considers what key performance indicators real estate developers choose to monitor as well as how they go about collecting and using the data. By doing this, we can get an idea of what is already monitored and to what extent. The case study also provides an insight into what is technologically possible. Findings A comparison of the gathered data from this study is then made with information that investors and property valuers would be expected to be interested in. The results show that these data are, to a large extent, information that the frontrunners already gather, but it is not made publicly available. One area where important information is lacking, however, is data about indoor climate. Research limitations/implications The study is solely focussed on commercial buildings in Sweden and also on real estate owners with a high sustainability profile. Originality/value This paper presents a starting point in introducing the research area of the continued sustainability performance of our built environment. In order to understand and improve the environmental performance over time of our buildings and the connection to potential value, it is important to know what we can and should monitor.
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Wang, Yan, Xiaohui Zhang, Yanhua Meng, and Xianyi Wang. "Energy-saving optimization control method of commercial building double cold source air conditioning units." Thermal Science, no. 00 (2022): 81. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tsci220110081w.

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In order to improve the energy-saving level of commercial buildings? air-conditioning units with double cold sources and reduce the energy cost, an energy-saving optimal control method of commercial buildings? air-conditioning units with double cold sources based on self-organizing neural network is proposed. Constrained parameter model of energy-saving control of commercial buildings? double-cold-source air-conditioning units is constructed. Taking the balanced real-time dynamic adjustment characteristic quantity of inverter of commercial buildings? double-cold-source air-conditioning units as the control object, combined with the fuzzy constraint method of variable frequency speed adjustment parameters and stroke adjustment power of commercial buildings? double-cold-source air-conditioning units, the steady-state adjustment of energy-saving output of commercial buildings? double-cold-source air-conditioning units is realized, and the self-organizing neural network control model of periodic potential energy load of building HVAC system is established. Combined with the small disturbance suppression method of motor rated power, the optimal control design of energy-saving of commercial buildings. The simulation results show that the output stability of the energy-saving control of commercial building air-conditioning units with double cold sources is good, the steady-state working ability is strong, and the energy-saving effect of commercial building air-conditioning units with double cold sources is good.
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Yahaya, Noor Huwaida, Ftwi Yohaness Hagos, and Mohamad Firdaus Basrawi. "Indoor Air Quality Evaluation of Commercial Buildings In Kuantan." MATEC Web of Conferences 225 (2018): 05018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201822505018.

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This work focuses on indoor air quality evaluation of commercial buildings in Kuantan. Some buildings have been selected to monitor indoor air quality. The research has been carried out only in Kuantan, which focused on hotels and government buildings. Some sample measurements were taken which include air temperature, relative humidity, and air movement, carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO2), ozone (O3), respirable particulate matter (PM 10), formaldehyde and total volatile organic compound (TVOC). In addition, questionnaires were conducted on a number of workers in each building to determine the level of health and illness caused by air in the building where they work. Hence, this study has analyzed the link between the questioner results and the results of indoor air measurements that were carried out. From surveys, it appears there are four buildings that have low air flow, four buildings have a lot of dust and five buildings have a high temperature. In contrast, four buildings have a good indoor air quality.
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Ahmed, Wahhaj, Ayman Alazazmeh, and Muhammad Asif. "Energy and Water Saving Potential in Commercial Buildings: A Retrofit Case Study." Sustainability 15, no. 1 (December 28, 2022): 518. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su15010518.

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The global building sector has great potential for energy savings. Retrofitting of existing buildings can effectively improve their energy and environmental sustainability. However, retrofitting is a complex task and requires proper Measurement & Verification (M&V) to validate the process for various building types and locations. Such M&V studies for commercial buildings in the studied region are missing and a critical gap exists. This paper addresses this gap by discussing the effectiveness of retrofit energy and water efficiency measures implemented in a commercial building in Saudi Arabia. At first, a thorough energy audit is conducted and then five Energy Efficiency Measures (EEMs) and a water conservation measure is implemented. A post-retrofit M&V exercise is conducted to measure and validate the savings along with respective economic benefits. The results indicate that the implemented EEMs reduced the building’s annual energy consumption by 27%. The overall compound payback period for the investments is found to be six years. The study successfully validates the energy and water savings achievable through retrofitting by presenting the first M&V case study of a post-retrofit commercial building in the country. Thus, it proves that implementation of EEMs and water saving measures are effective strategies to retrofit commercial buildings in the region.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Commercial buildings"

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Chan, Wai-chung Christopher. "The effects of building envelope and orientation on energy conservation in commercial buildings in Hong Kong /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1995. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B14751021.

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Hall, Samantha Jane. "Green building performance evaluation for existing commercial buildings." Thesis, Curtin University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/1002.

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Existing commercial buildings are performing poorly relative to the demands of the decarbonising agenda. The result is not only excess carbon emissions, but working environments that are sub-optimal for occupants. This thesis covers the development and trial of the Green Performance Evaluation Tool (GPET) which identifies five key elements impacting holistic building performance. The GPET shows interlinked and interdependent weaknesses across the five elements and proposes a new concept called ‘Conscious Building’.
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Wardell, Charles Cole. "Sustainably Retrofitting Commercial Buildings." The University of Arizona, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/621605.

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Sustainable Built Environments Senior Capstone Project
This capstone aims to study what types of sustainable renovation improvements would work best on older commercial buildings in Tucson. The issue being, what different types of upgrades are compatible with the types of buildings and environment in the Tucson area? This was determined with researching and comparing the data from three older buildings, which have undergone renovations and also received LEED certification. The results were significant in that the buildings studied had many similar improvements such as, installing high efficiency HVAC, upgrading insulation, using natural lighting to reduce artificial along with the usage of LED and or CFL bulbs. Low flow water fixtures were also used in all buildings to reduce water usage. The differences were the building in Phoenix also installed solar panels, along with a solar chimney for cooling, as the other two did not due to their locations in Illinois and Michigan. When these renovations were analyzed, many could be utilized in the Tucson environment. However, depending on the type of structure being renovated, the installation of HVAC, and the need for insulation could vary, due to some older buildings being brick or adobe.
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Cheung, Po-leung Alan. "Improvement of building legislation to include environmental design in commercial buildings of Hong Kong /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2001. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk:8888/cgi-bin/hkuto%5Ftoc%5Fpdf?B23424801.

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Botha, C. P. "Simulation of a building heating, ventilating and air-conditioning system." Pretoria : [s.n.], 2006. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-07032006-113100/.

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Antonopoulos, Chrissi Argyro. "Diffusion of Energy Efficient Technology in Commercial Buildings: An Analysis of the Commercial Building Partnerships Program." PDXScholar, 2013. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/1532.

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This study presents findings from survey and interview data investigating replication of green building measures by Commercial Building Partnership (CBP) partners that worked directly with the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL). PNNL partnered directly with 12 organizations on new and retrofit construction projects, which represented approximately 28 percent of the entire U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) CBP program. Through a feedback survey mechanism, along with personal interviews, quantitative and qualitative data were gathered relating to replication efforts by each organization. These data were analyzed to provide insight into two primary research areas: 1) CBP partners' replication efforts of green building approaches used in the CBP project to the rest of the organization's building portfolio, and, 2) the market potential for technology diffusion into the total U.S. commercial building stock, as a direct result of the CBP program. The first area of this research focused specifically on replication efforts underway or planned by each CBP program participant. The second area of this research develops a diffusion of innovations model to analyze potential broad market impacts of the CBP program on the commercial building industry in the United States. Findings from this study provided insight into motivations and objectives CBP partners had for program participation. Factors that impact replication include motivation, organizational structure and objectives firms have for implementation of energy efficient technologies. Comparing these factors between different CBP partners revealed patterns in motivation for constructing energy efficient buildings, along with better insight into market trends for green building practices. The optimized approach to the CBP program allows partners to develop green building parameters that fit the specific uses of their building, resulting in greater motivation for replication. In addition, the diffusion model developed for this analysis indicates that this method of market prediction may be used to adequately capture cumulative construction metrics for a whole-building analysis as opposed to individual energy efficiency measures used in green building.
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Rybkowski, Zofia Kristina. "Toward energy sustainability in Hong Kong : a life-cycle cost analysis case study on low thermal energy transfer envelopes for a mid-rise commercial building /." View abstract or full-text, 2004. http://library.ust.hk/cgi/db/thesis.pl?CIVL%202004%20RYBKOW.

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Thesis (M. Phil.)--Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, 2004.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 96-102). Also available in electronic version. Access restricted to campus users.
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Marmaras, Charalampos. "Charging of electric vehicles at commercial buildings." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2017. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/100406/.

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The objective of this thesis was to investigate the feasibility of EV charging management for reducing the electricity cost of commercial buildings. A predictive model was developed to assist the commercial building manager reduce its energy bills by predicting the “triad” peak dates and the building’s energy demand. Real weather data were analysed and considered to increase the accuracy of the forecast. The model was evaluated using real “triad” peak, weather and energy consumption data from a commercial building facility in Manchester. To enable the building manager reduce the EV charging costs, a charging control algorithm was developed and its impact on the demand profile and daily electricity cost of a commercial building facility were studied. The predictive model and the charging control algorithm were integrated into a cloud-based Local Energy Management System (LEMS) for the aggregation and flexible demand management of buildings, energy storage units and EVs. The operation of the LEMS was demonstrated through simulation scenarios using real data from a commercial building facility in Manchester. To fully understand the EV integration consequences, the behaviour of the EV drivers and its impact on the road transport and electric power system has been studied. A multi-agent simulation model was developed to simulate the charging and routing behaviour of the EV drivers. The EV drivers were simulated as autonomous agents in a complex environment consisted of an electric power and road transport network. Different behavioural profiles were considered to describe the way an EV driver deals with the everyday challenges.
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Chan, Wai-chung Christopher, and 陳慧聰. "The effects of building envelope and orientation on energy conservation in commercial buildings in Hong Kong." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1995. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31253088.

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Hung, Mun-wa. "A study on the relationship between building refurbishment and quality management a case study in United Centre /." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2003. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B42577408.

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Books on the topic "Commercial buildings"

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United States. Office of Energy Markets and End Use., ed. Lighting in commercial buildings. Washington, DC: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Markets and End Use, U.S. Dept. of Energy, 1992.

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Heritage, English, and Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyors., eds. Insuring your historic building: Houses and commercial buildings. London: English Heritage, 1994.

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(Firm), Marshall and Swift, ed. Commercial estimator =: L'estimatif commercial = Bauschätzpreise für gewerbliche Bauten. Ringwood: Marshall & Swift, 1993.

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Jiang, Yi, Shan Hu, Xiaohua Liu, Tao Zhang, and Qingpeng Wei. Decarbonize Public and Commercial Buildings. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-5526-6.

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United States. Energy Information Administration., ed. Commercial buildings energy consumption survey. Washington, D.C: Energy Information Administration, U.S. Dept. of Energy, 1989.

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United States. Bonneville Power Administration., ed. Managing energy in commercial buildings. Olympia, WA: Washington State Energy Office, 1986.

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Administration, Bonneville Power. Energy management in commercial buildings. Portland, OR: Bonneville Power Administration, 1992.

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Singh, Surinder. Cost estimation of structures in commercial buildings. Basingstoke: Macmillan, 1994.

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Blackmore, Paul. Building-mounted wind turbines on high-rise and commercial buildings. Garston, Watford: BRE Press, 2010.

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Association, APA-the Engineered Wood, ed. Residential & commercial: Design/construction guide. [Tacoma, Wash.] (7011 So. 19th St., P.O. Box 11700, Tacoma 98411-0700): APA-Engineered Wood Association, 1996.

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Book chapters on the topic "Commercial buildings"

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Kowalski, Wladyslaw. "Commercial Buildings." In Ultraviolet Germicidal Irradiation Handbook, 423–47. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-01999-9_18.

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Oldfield, Philip, Roger Swinbourne, and Kriston Symons. "Decarbonising Commercial Buildings." In Decarbonising the Built Environment, 163–91. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-7940-6_9.

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Sawachi, Takao. "Commercial and Residential Buildings." In Energy Technology Roadmaps of Japan, 471–79. Tokyo: Springer Japan, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-55951-1_36.

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Sykas, Philip A. "Love, Benjamin. ‘Commercial Buildings’." In Pathways in the Nineteenth-Century British Textile Industry, 40–42. London: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429274206-8.

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Kolokotsa, Dionysia Denia. "Office Buildings/Commercial Buildings: Trends and Perspectives." In Energy Performance of Buildings, 203–16. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-20831-2_10.

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Jiang, Yi, Shan Hu, Xiaohua Liu, Tao Zhang, and Qingpeng Wei. "Decarbonize Public and Commercial Buildings." In Decarbonize Public and Commercial Buildings, 63–106. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-5526-6_4.

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Krarti, Moncef. "Electrical Systems for Commercial Buildings." In Energy-Efficient Electrical Systems for Buildings, 229–84. Boca Raton: Taylor & Francis, a CRC title, part of the Taylor & Francis imprint, a member of the Taylor & Francis Group, the academic division of T&F Informa, plc, [2017]: CRC Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315372297-8.

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Krarti, Moncef. "Electrical Systems for Commercial Buildings." In Energy-Efficient Electrical Systems for Buildings, 251–312. 2nd ed. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003276999-8.

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Conceição, Eusébio, João Gomes, Mª Inês Conceição, Mª Manuela Lúcio, and Hazim Awbi. "Double skin buildings and resilience for commercial buildings." In Routledge Handbook of Resilient Thermal Comfort, 449–64. London: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003244929-34.

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Riley, Mike, and Alison Cotgrave. "High-rise buildings." In Construction Technology 2: Industrial and Commercial Building, 171–220. London: Macmillan Education UK, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-37600-8_7.

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Conference papers on the topic "Commercial buildings"

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Maddocks, T. "EMC in commercial buildings." In IET and Electronics Weekly Seminar on Electromagnetic Propagation in Structures and Buildings. IET, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/ic.2008.0726.

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Jhunjunwala, Ashok, N. Lakshminarasamma, and Krishna Vasudevan. "Solar DC powered commercial buildings." In 2013 IEEE 39th Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/pvsc.2013.6744430.

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Stroetmann, Richard, and Lukas Hüttig. "Resource Efficient Multifunctional Commercial Buildings." In IABSE Symposium, Nantes 2018: Tomorrow’s Megastructures. Zurich, Switzerland: International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/nantes.2018.s11-37.

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Dong, Jin, Thiagarajan Ramachandran, Piljae Im, Sen Huang, Vikas Chandan, Draguna L. Vrabie, and Teja Kuruganti. "Online Learning for Commercial Buildings." In e-Energy '19: The Tenth ACM International Conference on Future Energy Systems. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3307772.3331029.

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Stroetmann, Richard Maria, and Lukas Hüttig. "Sustainable steel and composite constructions for multifunctional commercial buildings." In 12th international conference on ‘Advances in Steel-Concrete Composite Structures’ - ASCCS 2018. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica València, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/asccs2018.2018.6956.

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Rising cost pressures and the prospect of quick returns have led to an increase in mono functional buildings since the 1970s. These prevent the adaptation to changing user requirements with little monetary outlay. Lack of marketability, increasing vacancy and early demolition are often the consequences. Main objective of the AIF/FOSTA research project P1118 is to develop planning recommendations for multifunctional usable buildings. Adaptability to changing needs will increase marketability and value stability as well as extend the lifetime of the buildings. This not only increases the economy but also the resource efficiency. First of all, the paper explains the ecological and economic requirements for modern buildings, which are based on current certification systems. In this context, the expected lifetime of primary and secondary building components are also dealt with. Subsequently, relevant types of use as well as requirements for essential building parameters are presented. In a comparison, the ecological expenses and costs are assessed for four selected composite structures. For the multifunctional building structures an extension of lifetime is considered and the environmental and monetary impacts are assessed. Furthermore, the influence of the structure on the building foundations is analysed. The investigations present the effects of the building masses on the foundations for two different soil conditions. Finally, the investigations show that variable usable buildings with a longer lifetime lead to a better sustainability.
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Alahakoon, S. S., H. A. L. V. Silva, and U. Kulatunga. "Factors affecting energy consumption of commercial buildings in Sri Lanka." In Independence and interdependence of sustainable spaces. Faculty of Architecture Research Unit, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.31705/faru.2022.28.

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With the expansion and development of Sri Lanka's economic practices and the modernization, client expectations for commercial building facilities have tremendously enhanced. Therefore, commercial building management has more focused on providing more effective and efficient buildings facilities to satisfy varied client requirements. Hence, commercial buildings need to consume a huge amount of energy to provide these facilities. However high energy consumption has caused to increase the energy cost, which takes a large proportion of the operation cost of commercial buildings. Ultimately all these causes adversely impact on the profit and the overall financial performance of the commercial buildings. Therefore, identification of main affecting ices which utilize energy mostly and factors effecting for the energy consumption by different building services is highly required for commercial buildings to gain economic advantage and to be sustainable firms. Through conducting a comprehensive literature review, the energy consumption of commercial buildings, energy management, including benefits of using energy management have been reviewed. Subsequently, a qualitative research choice was used to achieve the research aim. Semi-structured interviews were accompanied with 20 participants who are working in commercial buildings who are working in building management department and financial department respondents. Collected data were analyzed using manual content analysis technique. The empirical findings revealed the challenges of high energy consumption and reasons for growing energy consumption in commercial buildings. Further, widely used energy sources in commercial buildings were and finally, factors effecting on the energy consumption of commercial buildings in Sri Lanka were identified
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Kwag, Byung Chang, and Moncef Krarti. "Performance of Thermoactive Foundations for Commercial Buildings." In ASME 2012 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2012-93121.

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A transient three-dimensional numerical model is developed to model the performance of thermoactive foundations used to heat and cool commercial buildings. Using laboratory testing data, the numerical model is validated and used to carry out a sensitivity analysis to assess the most important design and operating parameters that affect the performance of thermoactive foundations. It is found that the foundation depth, the shank space, the fluid flow rate, and the number of U-tube loops in each foundation pile are the main parameters that affect the thermal performance of a thermoactive foundation system. Based on the validated numerical model, thermal response factors for a thermoactive foundation are developed, and implemented into a detailed building energy simulation program. These thermal-response factors are then used to estimate the impact of installing thermoactive foundations on the total energy use of typical office buildings in various US climates.
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Shoureshi, Rahmat A., Virdiansyah Permana, and Mohammad B. Khayani. "Intelligent Control of Energy Usage in Commercial Buildings." In ASME 2006 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2006-13953.

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Distributed energy resources hold great potential for meeting future energy needs. When operated in an optimized combined heat and power (CHP) mode distributed generation (DG) devices provide many operational and economic advantages over conventional energy supply options. This paper presents results of our research which has been focused on intelligent control of energy usage in commercial buildings by utilizing CHP systems. Operation of the CHP system is optimized through applications of Artificial Intelligence and advanced control systems. Energy usage in a commercial building, performance of a CHP system, and desiccant storage are mathematically modeled by using a neuro-fuzzy inference engine. Two commercial buildings are being used as testbeds to identify and analyze the technical issues associated with the deployment and operation of the CHP. Results from the energy control in these buildings are presented in this paper.
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Khalil, Essam E. "Design of Energy Efficient Commercial Buildings in Developing Countries." In ASME 2012 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2012-70284.

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Energy Performance of Buildings should include a general framework for the calculation of energy performance and building categories together with thermal characteristics of building, air conditioning, ventilation, lighting and appliances aspects considered. These include Active solar systems contribution to domestic water heating based on renewable energy sources, CPH production and District cooling systems. This paper reviews the energy sources available in Egypt, their distribution and utilization in commercial sectors. The paper demonstrates the importance of incorporating an energy performance directive as a Standard in our region such a goal will aid energy savings in large buildings and set regulations to energy efficient designs that are based on Standard calculation methods. The proposed Standard would be largely based on International Standards and appropriately modified to suit local practices. The target is to develop standardized tools for the calculation of the energy performance of buildings, with defined system boundaries for the different building categories and different cooling/heating systems. The present work is to provide transparent information regarding output data (reference values, benchmarks, etc.) and to define comparable energy related key values (kWh/m2, kWh per person, kWh per apartment, kWh per produced unit etc.). Proposals to develop a common procedure for an “energy performance certificate” and CO2 emissions are given.
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El-Shafie, Mervat, and Lubaba Fakeih. "The smart environment of commercial buildings." In 2018 15th Learning and Technology Conference (L&T). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lt.2018.8368501.

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Reports on the topic "Commercial buildings"

1

Jones, D. W. Energy Efficiency, Building Productivity and the Commercial Buildings Market. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/814265.

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Baechler, M. C., L. O. Foley, and R. E. Jarnagin. Polychlorinated biphenyls in commercial buildings. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6488954.

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Fowler, Kimberly M., Na Wang, Rachel L. Romero, and Michael P. Deru. Performance Metrics for Commercial Buildings. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1033465.

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Bender, Sadie R., and Trevor D. Hardy. Considerations for Commercial Building Participation in a Transactive Energy - Additional Information on Commercial Buildings. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1592777.

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Busch, John, Steve Greenberg, Francis Rubinstein, Andrea Denver, Esther Rawner, Ellen Franconi, Joe Huang, and Danielle Neils. Energy Efficiency Building Code for Commercial Buildings in Sri Lanka. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/799543.

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Wang, Hongning. The Building Adapter: Automatic Mapping of Commercial Buildings for Scalable Building Analytics. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1822357.

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Hart, Reid, Chitra Chandrasekharan Nambiar, Jian Zhang, and YuLong Xie. Envelope Air Tightness for Commercial Buildings. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1489004.

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Bailey, Trevor, Zheng O'Neill, Madhusudana Shashanka, Philip Haves, Xiufeng Pang, and Prajesh Bhattacharya. Automated Continuous Commissioning of Commercial Buildings. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada555951.

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Goetsch, Heather, and Michael Deru. Operational Emissions Accounting for Commercial Buildings. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1876014.

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Antonopoulos, Chrissi. Diffusion of Energy Efficient Technology in Commercial Buildings: An Analysis of the Commercial Building Partnerships Program. Portland State University Library, January 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/etd.1532.

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