Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Commerce – Afrique'
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Badinga, Arcadius. "Capital humain et commerce international en Afrique subsaharienne." Montpellier 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000MON10065.
Full textBennafla, Karine. "Le commerce frontalier en Afrique centrale : acteurs, espaces, pratiques /." Paris : Karthala, 2002. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb388672172.
Full textDjiofack-Zebaze, Calvin. "Effet de la libéralisation du commerce des services en Afrique." Phd thesis, Université d'Auvergne - Clermont-Ferrand I, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00306828.
Full textAmbomo, Marcel. "Commerce, environnement et développement en Afrique francophone : réalités et perspectives." Nantes, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009NANT4007.
Full textBase development only on economic growth, was a trend in Africa. Henceforth, this approach is questioned, since the consecration of sustainable development at Rio Summit. Consequently, development issue of African countries is studied, by redefining actual balance between trade, environment and development. Indeed, we can take up a bet on trade as development tool in Africa. However, his success depends on withdraw of trade barriers and the protection of environment. We seize here, the opportunity to re-examine the sustainable concept, which appears, for good, as a civilization vision. At what scale? Universality seems on this context attractive. But it's risky, because it could ignore local situation. In this field, we can think globally, but act locally. This concept allows sui generis sustainable development models, with the purpose to avoid a unique environmental view
Dao, Seydou. "Trois essais sur le commerce Chine - Afrique : impacts sur la croissance et le secteur manufacturier en Afrique subsaharienne." Thesis, Clermont-Ferrand 1, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016CLF10486.
Full textThe intensification of trade relations between China and Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) in recent decades lead to a complex and diverse implications on the economy of the African continent. This thesis examined three major issues relating to the impact of China-Africa trade relations on SSA economies: growth, production and manufacturing employment, and finally intra-African exports. After analyzing the different dimensions of the Chinese presence in Africa (Chapter 1), the thesis highlights a set of results. First, trade and FDI between China and Africa have a positive impact on African growth through increased technical efficiency of production factors (Chapter 2). Second, competition from Chinese manufactured goods has had a limited impact on production and manufacturing employment in SSA (Chapter 3). Third, the crowding-out effect of Chinese exports on intra-African trade remains limited to a few countries and few manufacturing sectors (Chapter 4)
Hibou, Béatrice. "Économie politique de la protection en Afrique." Paris, EHESS, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995EHES0025.
Full textThe thesis gives a meaning of commercial policy in sub-saharan africa with a political economy approach inspired from max weber' metholdological works. The extent of the shift between theoretical perceptions and complex realities has been reveald by the simultaneity of studies and fields works on the one hand and by the analysis of the discursze of the international organisations on the other hand. This shift urge for a new meaning of the commercial protection by using the concept iof its "formation" (opposed at its "building") by all the actors : the commercial policies can nowadagys be caracterised by the subtle, changing and ambigous game between protection and lack of protection where relations of power take an important role. The coherencs of these policies lie in non economic fields and particularly in the political one. Because the reforms and their implementations don't reach the political and historical bases of these practices, the adjustement programs failed in inducing a rupture
Yapi, Koffi. "L' intégration institutionnelle des états africains dans le système commercial multilatéral : l'organisation mondial du commerce (OMC)." Reims, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007REIMD009.
Full textThe author deels with institutional integration of African states in the WTO. He wounded how can African countries have an acting role in the process of the WTO in order to make profits and contribute to their development. They rules of the WTO are irriguated by a main principe: no discrimination. But, because of the inequalities in the level development of the WTO members, this principle can’t be applied erga omnes. This result on an institution based on mechanism of integration including solidarity. In practice, competition is distorted, and poor states don’t have advantages compared to big countries. Moreover, the paralysis of the negotiations with WTO is due mainly to the inflexibility of the developed countries on the agricultural subsidies in particular. It is not thus a question for the African countries to make figuration as it was the case with GATT, but to use their multilateral frameworks in order to make account their specificities and benefit from the globalisation. The trade, while being an instrument of development is not the only factor. That why, the necessity for the African countries to proceed moreover, with structural interne reforms, like with the reinforcement of the interafrican regional cooperation
Tapsoba, Sampawende Jules-Armand. "Intégration monétaire africaine et changements structurels : commerce, partage des risques et coordination budgétaire." Clermont-Ferrand 1, 2009. http://195.221.120.247/simclient/consultation/binaries/stream.asp?INSTANCE=UCFRSIM&eidmpa=DOCUMENTS_THESES_129.
Full textA single currency and a single central bank are official and political objectives of African states. During the last decade, several African regional economic communities have declared their intention to work towards regional monetary unions and regional currencies. In line with this new political interest, an important literature on the suitability of African monetary integration has also emerged. Most of analyses cast a doubt on the optimality of African monetary unions: in spite of potential benefits, the costs would be sizeable because of the magnitude of asymmetric shocks and the lack of stabilization mechanisms. Therefore, the real challenge is the analysis of policies that guarantee nets benefits of monetary integration to African countries. This is the problematic of the present thesis. The dissertation analyzes in which extent, African states involved in actual or prospective monetary integration could address the issues of asymmetric shocks and stabilization mechanism. In order to do so, we choose to focus on three structural changes in policies related to the adoption of monetary unions: trade, risk-sharing and fiscal policies. The thesis is organized as follows. The first chapter provides an overview on issues developed in the dissertation. It presents a panorama of past, actual and prospective African monetary integration. It also describes the situation of African states vis-à-vis the theory of optimal currency areas. The second chapter studies the impact of African trade intensification on the correlation of business cycles. The third chapter examines the African consumption smoothing channels that could work as stabilization mechanism in monetary unions. The fourth and last chapter investigates the consequences of multilateral fiscal rules in monetary unions on the stabilization properties of African fiscal policies. The results of various chapters suggest that the structural change considered in this thesis, do not overturn the negative assessment of African monetary integration established by the existing literature. The main policy implication of the dissertation suggests in Africa, that monetary integration and economic integration should be complementary. On the one hand the monetary integration stimulates process towards the economic integration (trade, finance and sectoral policies integration) and on the other, economic integration improves conditions for the adoption of monetary unions. African states must put efforts in all dimensions of integration
Lamy-Giner, Marie-Annick. "Les sept ports de commerce sud-africains, de Richards Bay à Saldanha Bay." La Réunion, 2003. http://elgebar.univ-reunion.fr/login?url=http://thesesenligne.univ.run/03_05_Lamy.pdf.
Full textWith its two moorage buoys nestled in an open bay and reserved for fuel and anhydrous alcohol loading, the port of Mossel Bay is the smallest South African port setup. Compared to it, Cape Town and Durban hinge on a multitude of terminals now specialized in coal, fruits or even containers. Here, the linears formed by the quays spread away endlessly into the distance. Hence, South African ports feature sceneries as well as varied functions. South Africa accomodates seven commercial ports along her atlantic and Indian Ocean shores. Extending from east to west, they are Richards Bays Durban in the province of KwaZulu-Natal, Port Elizabeth as well as East London establish themselves at Eastern Cape, finally Mossel Bay, Cape Town and Saldanha Bay are set up at Western Cape. They altogether achieve an annual trade impulse of more than 190 million tons. This shoreline, which combines bulk ports with multi-purpose ones, is experiencing a real meteoric rise since the country's return into the entente between nations. But today this seaside seems to be losing its momentum by urgent and chronic problems of under-productivity. To be able to fix her role as an emerging maritime power, South Africa must correct her port system radically, a factor on which her success is answerable
Yayi, Lipem Joseph Emmanuel. "Essai sur la recherche d'un régime juridique du commerce électronique dans les pays francophones d'Afrique subsaharienne." Nantes, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015NANT4006.
Full textElectronic commerce refers to all economical transactions through electronic networks by any person, even if those to whom they are intended receive no financial consideration. Electronic commerce is beyond the law. This does not mean that online exchanges are devoid of any particularity. Electronic commerce does not create a new right. It leads to the emergence of new concepts, new practices, new relationships that appear in a cyberspace environment devoid of any corporeality. The e-commerce system is split depending on whether access to exercise. Access to e-commerce is subject to traditional law. The situation is different when reflection is toward the realization of trade. The difficulties posed by the conclusion and implementation of e-commerce contract require new solutions. The offer and the acceptance of electronic undergo mutations that distinguish them from conventional conditions of contract. Technical intermediation whose exercise engages a distinct lean responsibility of the responsibility of other internet service providers. Dematerialization and internationality internet disrupt the geographic location of operations and the objective connecting litigation. These obstacles the normative and jurisdictional connection directed faces invigorate the prestige of autonomy in determining the law and the competent judge for e-Commerce disputes
Rondelet, Yves. "Le miel en Afrique de l'Ouest." Dijon, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006DIJOL001.
Full textJellali, Zohra, and Zohra Jellali. "Commerce agricole et agroalimentaire des pays Nord-Africain : déterminants et potentiel." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/37221.
Full textL’objectif cette étude est d’analyser les déterminants du commerce des biens agricoles et agroalimentaires ainsi que le niveau d’efficacité et le potentiel des pays Nord Africains avec leurs partenaires de l’Europe du Moyen Orient ainsi qu’entre eux. Pour ce faire un modèle de gravité à frontière stochastique à effet fixes inspiré de l’économie de production a été employé. Nos résultats montrent que l’effet des variables explicatives sur les flux commerciaux suit celui trouvé dans la littérature tant pour les variables économiques que pour variables qui caractérisent les relations bilatérales. L’hypothèse d’existence d’inefficacité commerciale était confirmée. Une estimation des scores d’efficacité par pays variant dans le temps était effectuée. Les résultats montrent que la Mauritanie est le pays plus inefficace suivi par l’Algérie, ceci pour l’ensemble des pays pris en considération. Le Maroc et la Tunisie sont les plus intégrés dans le marché Nord-Africain avec les scores d’efficacité les plus élevés. Tenant compte de l’ensemble des pays de destination, la Tunisie, le Maroc et l’Egypte sont les plus intégrés mais avec des variabilités importantes des scores selon les pays de destination. Ces pays possèdent encore des potentiels importants avec l’ensemble pays. Les estimations soulignent l’importance de l’amélioration des politiques commerciales pour une meilleure intégration dans le marché.
This study aims to analyze the determinants of trade in agricultural and agri-food goods as well as the level of efficiency and potential of North African countries with their partners in Middle Eastern Europe as well as between them. This is based on the fixed-effect stochastic border gravity model inspired by the economy of production. Our estimations have shown that the effect of the explanatory variables on trade flows follows the one found in the literature for both the economic variables and the variables that characterize the bilateral relations between the partners. The hypothesis of commercial inefficiency was confirmed. An estimate of efficiency scores by country varying over time was carried out. The results show that Mauritania is the most inefficient country followed by Algeria, for all the countries taken into consideration. Morocco and Tunisia are the most integrated in the North African market with the highest efficiency scores. Taking into account all countries of destination, Tunisia, Morocco and Egypt are the most integrated but with significant variability of the scores according to the countries of destination. These countries have significant potential remains to exploit. These estimates highlight the importance of improving trade policies for better integration into the market.
This study aims to analyze the determinants of trade in agricultural and agri-food goods as well as the level of efficiency and potential of North African countries with their partners in Middle Eastern Europe as well as between them. This is based on the fixed-effect stochastic border gravity model inspired by the economy of production. Our estimations have shown that the effect of the explanatory variables on trade flows follows the one found in the literature for both the economic variables and the variables that characterize the bilateral relations between the partners. The hypothesis of commercial inefficiency was confirmed. An estimate of efficiency scores by country varying over time was carried out. The results show that Mauritania is the most inefficient country followed by Algeria, for all the countries taken into consideration. Morocco and Tunisia are the most integrated in the North African market with the highest efficiency scores. Taking into account all countries of destination, Tunisia, Morocco and Egypt are the most integrated but with significant variability of the scores according to the countries of destination. These countries have significant potential remains to exploit. These estimates highlight the importance of improving trade policies for better integration into the market.
Guillard, Pierre. "Vie et mort des sociétés commerciales coloniales bordelaises de la côte occidentale d'Afrique : Peyrissac,1847-1963." Paris 7, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA070101.
Full textAfter the fall of the french empire, the merchants in the city of bordeaux are encouraged to establish themselves in the occidental coast of africa, mainly in goree island and in the city of saint louis in senegal. These merchants will constitue some societies, often with money collected in their own families and will form an important and influent colonial group: the "groupe from bordeaux" will have as leaders "Maurel & Prom", "Deves & Chaumet", "Buhan & Teisseire". . . Around the year 1870 a second flood of merchants : Philip Delmas, "darling" Peyrissac, Elie Chavanel, Louis Vezia, came to Senegal and partly will contribute at the economical developpement of the french occidental coast of Africa. "Darling" Peyrissac son of a gendarme, born in a country called "Limousin" came, when he was only very young boy, very short of money, to Saint Louis for his own establishment in 1870. In 1908, "Darling" Peyrissac was able to find financial contributions in order to establish an corporation. He died in 1916. Afterwards, it happened success or misfortune to the society, after the first world war, the society began to enterprise different affairs and due to them was in a bad condition during the crisis following 1929. .
Dello, Jean-Jacques. "Crises cotonnières et évolution durable de la production cotonnière dans les pays de l'Union économique et monétaire ouest-africaine (UEMOA)." Montpellier 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997MON10017.
Full textDuring 60s, the cotton production bursts out in the countries of UEMOA, under the impetus of the French company for textile fibres development (CFDT, in French). In 70s, national companies of development take over. Backbone of a "functionnally integrated" commodity chain, cotton companies handle most of the functions : supplying the farmers with inputs on credit, marketing, ginning, etc. The cotton company is under an obligation to buy almost all the seed cotton produced by farmers as a price theoretically fixed in advance before planting. The production increases from 50 000 tons in 1960 to 630 000 tons just before the great cotton crisis in the mid-80s. The cotton commodity chain was reorganized then in order to reduce the production costs (thus to restore competitivity) with the purpose to reduce the financial deficits. The objective of this work is to study the West African cotton sectors, and to analyse the reasons of their relative success in terms of rentability and competitivity as well as the impact of the liberalization process
Cisse, Mahamane. "Le droit du tabac en Afrique francophone." Montpellier 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005MON10064.
Full textMarit, Yayehyerad. "La marginalisation de l'Afrique sub-saharienne dans le commerce international : les causes et son impact sur la croissance économique." Nice, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000NICE0015.
Full textEvidence shows the marginalisation of Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) in international trade concerning global market shares as well as in the product market. The external and internal causes of this trend have been examined thoroughly in order to evaluate their impact on economic growth. After having evalueted the extent of the marginalization, the importance of export competitiveness has been demonstrated taking into account the fact that SSA is globally specialized in the export of products for which world demand is decreasing. In order to point out the role of trade liberalization, the impact of the Uruguay Round agreements on ASS has been examined concerning gains in market shares and welfare. A study on the consequences of globalization follows, especially in regards to the increase of entry barriers for developing countries'firms. Internal factors such as specific characteristics of SSA and economic policies that have been implemented have been studied in order to point out their contribution to the low integration of SSA countries in international trade. Empirical studies showing the correlation between trade openness and growth have been also been conducted
Barry, Mamadou Aliou. "Le commerce moderne des armes et les guerres post-coloniales en Afrique : approche géo-stratégique et conséquences médico-sanitaires." Paris 8, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA083756.
Full textWeapon business in Africa is related to the chaotic political situation of its states. Licit or illicit, it plays a fundamental role in their insecurity and blocks their socioeconomic development. Conflicts favor weapon proliferation, which enables little or non organized armed groups to maintain permanent instability. The weapon transfer to African countries is at the same time the cause and the consequence of those conflicts : many regions have thus become favorite places for a true civil war economy. The increasing militarization of already weakened economies makes a considerable number of civil victims and blocks peace negotiations. However, some substantial progresses have been made (bilateral negotiations or negotiations under the aegis of international organizations such as the ECOWAS, the African Union or the UN). The future is not completely desperate and may even be radiant, contrary to what some people pessimistically say (while taking advantage of the bad situation)
Ametowoglo, Klusse. "Les filières du cacao : des planteurs africains aux consommateurs européens." Bordeaux 3, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996BOR30024.
Full textFarm product growing in the south tropical under-developed countries, cocoa is essentially transformed and consumed in the north developed countries. To secure the international circulation of cocoa beans, several channels have been constituted. Originally small organisations (family business, trading posts) little structurated in the colonial period, these channels have been gradually developed and are nowadays very important financial societies which control the international market of cocoa beans and its derivatives. In the producing countries, agreed intermediary agents and libanan business men control the national buying channels beside the planters; national commercialisation offices as cocoa boards assure the cocoa exportation. On the international level big trading companies (wich really insure the fluidity of cocoa trade) provide the industries with cocoa. The problems of quality concerning the cocoa beans exported, worldwide overproduction and low prices are the principal aspects of the cocoa crisis
Seichepine, Annick. "Les exportations de l'Afrique subsaharienne face aux nouvelles règles du commerce international." Grenoble 2, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003GRE21004.
Full textBakouma, Jean. "Tendances et perspectives du commerce des sciages africains : contribution à l'élaboration d'un modèle d'échanges intra-africains." Nancy 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997NAN20010.
Full textTHE INTERNATIONAL TRADE IN TROPICAL TIMBER IS LIMITED BY TRANSPORTATION COST AND INCREASINGLY, BY ENVIRONMENTAL CONCERNS. AS MANY DEVELOP COUNTRIES BEGIN TO REDUCE THEIR IMPORTS OF TROPICAL TIMBER, PRODUCERS WONDER WHETHER IT IS POSSIBLE TO FIND ALTERNATIVE MARKETS IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES. THIS QUESTION IS PARTICULARLY RELEVANT FOR AFRICAN SAWNWOOD, WICH GENERALLY APPEARS LESS COMPETITIVE THAN SIMILAR PRODUCTS FROM ASIA, EVEN IN EUROPEAN COUNTRIES WHICH ARE ITS TRADITIONAL MARKET. SO, THIS research TRIES TO ANSWER THE QUESTION OF A POSSIBLE REDEPLOYMENT OF EXPORT FLOWS OF AFRICAN SAWNWOOD IN THE MARKET OF SOME AFRICAN IMPORTING COUNTRIES. USING AN ECONOMETRIC MODELISATION, BASED ON THE AVAILABLE INTERNATIONAL STATISTICS, TWO ECONOMETRIC MODELS WERE MADE : ONE ON SUPPLY, AND ONE ON DEMAND. THEY WERE ESTIMATED BY ORDINARY LEAST SQUARE METHOD WITH TIME SERIES DATA, AND BY THE METHOD OF COVARIANCE ANALYSIS WITH CROSS-SECTION DATA. THE SIMULATIONS WICH HAVE BEEN CARRIED ON WITH THESE MODELS HAVE SHOWN THAT AN INCREASE OF INTRA-AFRICAN TRADE OF SAWNWOOD IS NOT UNREALISTIC. FINALLY, THESE TWO MODELS ALLOWED TO CONSTRUCT A MODEL OF A SINGLE-PRODUCT SPATIAL EQUILIBRIUM MARKET BY THE ADEQUACY OF DEMAND AND SUPPLY. SUCH TRADE MODEL IMPLIES ON THE ONE HAND THE REQUIREMENT TO PROMOTE AFRICAN SAWNWOOD EXPORTS, AND ON THE OTHER HAND, AN INCREASING CO-OPERATION BETWEEN AFRICAN COUNTRIES IMPORTING AND EXPORTING SAWNWOOD
Ado, Abdoulkadre. "Learning and knowledge transfer in Africa-China joint ventures : an exploratory study." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/26507.
Full textAmidst various controversies concerning China’s influence in Africa, studies on the nature and extent of the relationship between these two regions are increasing. China, an emerging economic power, continues internationalization into Africa. China is now the largest trading partner of Africa, a continent emerging with one of the highest economic growth rates in the world. These dynamics have resulted in increasing rapprochement between companies from the two regions. The current research focuses on the emerging debate on African and Chinese motivation for this rapprochement. The first paper in this dissertation discusses Chinese presence in Africa and contrasts the Western and Southern perspectives through a comprehensive and critical review of the literature. The results indicate that greater scientific rigor is required in existing studies that are considered controversial. The second paper examines learning and knowledge transfer in 29 Africa-China joint ventures in 12 African countries and proposes a dynamic model for knowledge control. Chinese partners employ five strategies to control their knowledge assets according to the available power and the type of knowledge. The third paper discusses learning and knowledge transfer from the perspective of social capital and organizational informalities. The results indicate that entrepreneurial Africans use informal or sometimes unconventional social mechanisms to acquire knowledge. The fourth paper analyzes Africans’ institutional and organizational weaknesses with respect to knowledge transfer. This paper combines strategic and institutional perspectives toward better transfer of knowledge. The results indicate major weaknesses and suggest an approach toward an integrative framework for strategy and public policy formulation for knowledge development. The conclusion presents the theoretical and practical contributions of this study, highlights its significance, underlines the limitations, and finally offers research avenues. Keywords: Organizational learning; knowledge transfer; knowledge acquisition; knowledge sharing; learning; Africa; China; Sino; joint venture; alliance; strategies; knowledge management; policy.
Matip, Nicole Florence. "L'organisation africaine de la propriété intellectuelle et l'accord relatif aux aspects de droits de propriété intellectuelle qui touchent au commerce." Lyon 3, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006LYO33044.
Full textThe trade of Bangui us the national law of sixteen OAPI members : Bénin, Burkina Faso, Cameroun, Congo, Côte d'Ivoire, Gabon, Guinée, Guinée Bissau, Guinée équatoriale, Mali, Mauritanie, Niger, République centrafricaine, Sénégal, Tchad, Togo. In 1977, the trade of Bangui was not conform that's trip. Reset the trade of Bangui was revisited in 1999. Now the importation is assimiled at local exploitation
Gakusi, Albert-Enéas. "Population et relations économiques internationales : déterminants et effets structurels de l'ouverture économique des pays de l'Afrique subsaharienne." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995IEPP0030.
Full textMost of the demo-economic studies are made on the national level. This study introduces the international economic relations in the debate. Beyond the partisanship for free trade or economic nationalism, an attempt is made to quantify the determinants and effects of the economic openess of the Sub-Saharan countries
Sanni, Yaya Mouhamadou. "Le droit de l'OHADA face au commerce électronique." Thèse, Paris 11, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/5876.
Full textLe droit de l’OHADA face au commerce électronique (OHADA law pertaining to e-commerce) is an epistemological reflection on the legal issues raised by e-trade conducted among members of the Organisation for the Harmonisation of Business Law in Africa (OHADA). This forward looking analysis of the organization’s legal framework governing e commerce draws upon relevant experiments carried out notably in North America (Canada-Québec) and Europe. In Africa, as elsewhere, the new information technologies pose certain legal challenges. During the past several years, various regional and national initiatives have addressed these challenges. However, the heterogeneous nature of the different laws implemented impairs the regional-level legal security sought by OHADA. Building on legal transplant, this dissertation proposes, within the context of OHADA, a true harmonization that will ensure that “African specificities” are taken into account while making the Common Court of Justice and Arbitration (CCJA) in Abidjan the highest community jurisdiction in matters of e-commerce.
Fandio, Pierre. "L'institution littéraire en Afrique noire contemporaine : le cas du Cameroun." Grenoble 3, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002GRE39009.
Full textCompaore, Mahama. "Incidences sur les économies des pays de l'Afrique subsaharienne des conventions de Lomé 1 et 2 : le cas des échanges commerciaux." Caen, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988CAEN0524.
Full textMatondo, Jean-Claude. "Dynamique des fondements du commerce international et débouchés des industries agro-alimentaires exportatrices d'Afrique subsaharienne." Montpellier 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997MON10053.
Full textGuèye, Moustapha. "Le commerce régional du Sénégal (1900-1997)." Paris 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA010572.
Full textBoucksom, Audrey Geneviève Marguerite. "Arts "touristiques" en Afrique et consommateurs occidentaux : la cas de l'artisanat d'art au Niger." Paris 1, 2009. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00410551.
Full textDelpeuch, Claire. "Market organisation & performance in sub-Saharan African agriculture : three essays on the cotton sector." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011IEPP0034.
Full textThis dissertation examines the links between market organisation and performance in sub-Saharan African (SSA) cotton sectors. Its purpose is to understand how market organisation influences both price signals and non-price variables that impact performance. This dissertation therefore aims to shed light on long-standing debates about the impact of market organisation in the cotton sectors of SSA, and in its agricultural sector more generally, (i) by looking at this issue in a formal theoretical framework to derive hypothesis on the expected effects of liberalisation; (ii) by analyzing the nature of reform processes in the long-run and in the largest possible array of countries; and (iii) by econometrically estimating the causal relationship between market organisation and performance. The first Chapter contributes to the general understanding of the link between market organisation and equity and efficiency in sub-Saharan cotton sectors from a formal theoretical perspective using a stylised contracting model adapted from Swinnen et al. (2010). The second Chapter delves into the specifics of cotton market reforms. It aims at giving a full panorama of how market organisation has evolved in SSA cotton producing countries from the early 1960s, that is, before the independence of many countries in the region, to the present time. The third Chapter explores the link between market structure and performance quantitatively. It adopts a novel quantitative, sector-specific and long-term econometric approach, which incorporates some of the market organisation indices complied in Chapter I
Pinta, François. "Développement méthodologique pour la valorisation bois d'oeuvre d'une ressource forestière donnée : développement d'un outil d'aide à la décision et étude de cas au Cameroun." Nancy 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001NAN10175.
Full textDIALLO, ABDRAMANE. "Les relations commerciales et diplomatiques entre l'occident chretien et le maghreb a la fin du moyen age (13e - 16e siecles)." Paris 1, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA010684.
Full textKi, Jean. "La franchise : stratégie et transfert de technologie dans les pays d'Afrique noire francophone (A.N.F.)." Bordeaux 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987BOR1D317.
Full textThe object of this thesis is to analyse strategies for international establishement of franchising especially in black african french speaking countries. This analysis permetted to show: - the interests and the limits for the franchisor, the franchisee and his country. -the conditions to respect for the good diffusion of franchising in the national country and in the black african french speaking countries. -a relative adaptation of franchising to the specificities of black african french speaking countries
Didier, Laurent. "Commerce Sud-Sud et "nouvelle" géographie du commerce international : le rôle des économies émergentes." Thesis, La Réunion, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LARE0020/document.
Full textThis thesis emphasises five aspects of relations between South-South trade and « new » geography of international trade. We particularly pay attention to the links between BRICs (Brazil, Russia, India, China) and sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) but also between China and SSA. The first part attempts to demonstrate some characteristics concerning the mutation of South-South trade relations. In the Chapter 1, the heterogeneity of BRICs is confirmed from some factors of bilateral trade flows with SSA. In the Chapter 2, the South-South trade flows play a significant role in the geographic diversification of intra-African trade in terms of new trading partners. In the Chapter 3, the assumption of a trade reorientation of ex-colonies since independence with China at the expense of former colonial powers has been empirically validated. The second part studies the linkages between the foreign economic policy and South-South trade. The findings of the Chapter 4 highlight the significant impact of the « One China policy » on Chinese and Taiwanese trade flows through the economic diplomacy. The estimates of the Chapter 5 confirm the heterogeneous average effects but also over time of the African trade agreements on trade according to the nature of trading partners, the kinds of trade agreements and their overlapping
Ménard, Sylviane. "Le plan d’action pour l’application des réglementations forestières, la gouvernance et le commerce (FLEGT) dix ans après son adoption : déterminants de réussite." Paris 8, 2014. http://octaviana.fr/document/185094627#?c=0&m=0&s=0&cv=0.
Full textThe PHD Research aims to specify the drivers for success of the Action Plan for Forest Law Enforcement, Governance and Trade (FLEGT), with a special focus on central African countries neighbouring the Congo Basin. Despite the broad agreement on the multiplicity and wealth of forest assets, no international Convention has been adopted to protect forests. Consensus as to the concept of sustainable forest management, had failed to materialize due to the promotion of two antagonistic visions in direct conflict with each other, a specialization of spaces and uses, versus exploitation as the only way to sustain forests. A political consensus was finally reached on a political prescription aimed at the fight against illegal timber trade, thus pointing on the economic aspects of lack of sustainable forest management. It focussed on the enforcement of legal frameworks in producing countries and was developed in regional initiatives for governance enforcement, or reforms at the national levels, of public procurement laws. However, the most comprehensive initiatives to tackle the issue of illegal trade were adopted by the US Amendment to the Lacey Act, voted in 2008 and by the EU Action Plan for Forest Law and Governance and Trade (FLEGT) adopted in 2003, both of which prohibit wood originating from illegal sources in their respective markets. The EU approach is to promote good and strong governance in producing countries in order to have facilitated access its market. We review the different steps of this process and discuss its value added to certification schemes already in place. We discuss further its strengths and limits with reference to the Lacey Act. However the first expected FLEGT licences could not be issued by the date EUTR came into force: this delay created a crisis of confidence and tarnished the first positive results in the FLEGT process. We conclude in suggesting ways for strengthening the efficiency of FLEGT
Bennafla, Karine. "La restructuration des espaces frontaliers en afrique centrale." Strasbourg 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000STR1GE01.
Full textTomo, Gisèle. "Ressources naturelles et développement durable dans les économies subsahariennes : le rôle de l'Union Européenne." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LORR0062/document.
Full textNatural resources are taken in the nature for, in the most of cases to improve the conditions of existence of the population. In Sub-Saharan Africa, economics are often dominated by the exploitation of these natural resources which contribute to the formation of the national wealth. This exploitation of natural resources should thus allow the improvement of the welfare of the present generations without compromising the possibility for the future generations to improve theirs. So natural resources should be exploited so that the heritage represented by the environment is not altered and so that the populations living thanks to these naturalresources see theirs conditions of existence improving today and in the future.The sustainable development is thus the way which must to guide the strategies ofdevelopment in Sub-Saharan economics which are generously endowed in natural resources. This one dresses a triple dimension, namely economic, social and ecological. It is thus important to examine the relation between natural resources and sustainable development because, indeed natural resources have to allow the populations to know a sustainable development. If certain countries indeed, although provided in natural resources did not bring, on examination of the indicators of development which are at the lowest, elements of sustainable development in the past and today, it is important to reverse the trend. It is as such that the strategies must be mobilized in Sub-Saharan Africa. The examination of the case of certain countries generously endowed in natural resources shows that these should be a source of endogenous growth to envisage a sustainabledevelopment. From then on the good governance, the best distribution of receipts stemming from natural resources and the contribution of the foreign partners are important. The European Union as partner and financer has a role so that the economics of Africa in the south of Sahara put themselves on the path of the sustainable development from their asset which lies in possession of natural resources. As such the financial cooperation among other has to give better results so that we can establish a relation between financing and sustainable development in Sub-Sahara Africa
Ghafele, Roya. "Globalisierung, frankophones Afrika und die WTO : eine historische Diskursanalyse /." Wien : WUV-Universitätsverlag, 2002. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb38987831v.
Full textSow, Fanta. "Les stratégies de développement de la filière du miel en milieu rural du Sénégal, Guinée, Mali." Paris 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA010667.
Full textGhelam, Abdelghani. "La problématique de la convergence : application aux économies du Maghreb." Lyon 3, 2007. https://scd-resnum.univ-lyon3.fr/in/theses/2007_in_ghelam_a.pdf.
Full textJust like the many recent works on the literature trying to define the set of factors that may influence the economic growth and the convergence of incomes between country and areas, our study addresses the impact of the international trade on the convergence of per capita income, within a sample gathering Maghreb Countries and their major trade partners. Our research focused more particularly, using various approaches with the examination of the assumption of Ben David (1993, 1996) on the bilateral trade influence the convergence of the incomes per capita (Approach of Ben David et transverse Section); the influence of the geographical characteristics on the evolution of the trade (Frankel and Romer 1999); the direction of causality between trade and convergence (Cyrus Teresa 2004) and impacts of the nature of the productive system on the formation of the clubs of Convergence (Chatterji 1992). The results of our study are in contradiction with Ben David's assumption for the Maghreb countries with their major trade partners. Moreover, our research reveals the importance of the geographical characteristics to justify the international trade, and the existence of a bidirectional causality relationship between the international trade and convergence. However, the application of the methodology of Chatterji (1992) enabled us to demonstrate the absence from a «Club of convergence» for countries having a similar productive system
Smaali, Nasr-Eddîne. "La réussite des Ibadhites : le commerce comme exemple." Paris 8, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA081735.
Full textBerton-Ofouemé, Yolande. "L'approvisionnement des villes en Afrique noire : produire, vendre et consommer les légumes à Brazzaville." Bordeaux 3, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996BOR30014.
Full textDurand, Marie-Françoise. "Bières et boissons gazeuses en Afrique de l'Ouest francophone : aspects économiques, sociaux et culturels." Paris 4, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA040298.
Full textIntroduced in Africa at the turn of the century, industrially manufactured beer established itself as the continent's leading drink. Its manufacture, which is associated with that of carbonated drinks, and its distribution, which is carried out through novel networks, provide many jobs, which make this an important industry. Effected by the influence of Islam in the northern countries, its consumption is particularly important in the south where it acts as a stimulant to social life, while is not the case of carbonated drinks whose role is purely to quench thirst and to cure
Yang, Zi. "The impact of the emergence of China's economy on South Africa." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/25265.
Full textThe purpose of this research is to analyze the impact of China’s economic development on the economy of South Africa. In order to address this question, five main channels of impact are identified: (1) Increased competition from Chinese imports on local market; (2) Increased Chinese demand for South African exports; (3) Reduced intermediate input costs for local producers through reduced import prices; (4) Enhanced consumer welfare from reduced consumer prices; (5) Increased competition from Chinese imports in South Africa’s other export markets. A single-country (South Africa) CGE model is adopted to distinguish two external markets for imports and exports: China and the rest of the world. The resulting two-tiered trade sector is captured through the use of nested Armington (import) and CET (export) functions to model substitution between the two external markets.
Sanfo, Mamadou. "Organisations paysannes et sécurité alimentaire en Afrique sahélienne : rôles et enjeux des banques de céréales au Burkina Faso." Paris 10, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA100045.
Full textCarter, Raymond H. A. "Evolution et lutte contre la production, la consommation et le trafic des drogues en Afrique subsaharienne." Nice, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997NICE0058.
Full textLike other continents, Africa is hit by the scourge of narcotic drugs. Over the past two decades illicit trade in narcotics and psychotropic substances has kept increasing in the hands of international criminal organisations bent on promoting narcotic drugs as a "cultural element" throughout the world. For lack of domestic structures and inter-state cooperation, the subsaharan countries combine today all the "conditions" conducive to the development of such dreadful destabilisation factor. Hence a noticiable rise in drug addiction generating what might be termed a "pharmacodelinquancy" resulting from an illicit trafic covering local production of psychotropic substances and cannabis, transiting drugs (cocaine, heroine) and perversion of lawful trade (medicines), supplemented by recent attemps at growing opium poppies and even coca shrubs locally. Various means (international conventions and other judicial instruments) make it possible to start developing effective strategies against that baneful trend of which political spheres are not always conscious confronted as they are with day to day social and economic problems. Some institutions, however, are endeavouring to improve as best they can cooperation through better coordination. Unfortunately, such a policy seems to be suffering from conflicting laws and regulations that vary from one african state to the other, indeed a severe handicap when fighting has become a world-wide curse. What looks like a last chance battle is being engaged in against the three-pronged strategy of international criminal organisations (namely : 1) promoting drug-addiction from locally produced and transit narcotics, 2) developing papaver somniferum production, 3) creating on a global scale new narcotics sources (heroine) all of which otherwise may lead sooner or later to the isolation of africa
Ahmed, Saied. "Commerce et commerçants dans le sahara central : les échanges entre le vilayet de Tripoli et les pays de l'Afrique centrale de 1835 à 1911." Aix-Marseille 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1997AIX10008.
Full textWith the reoccupation of the wilaya of tripoli "present libya" by the turkish in 1835, the economie, political and social situation was disastrous. The turkish were back to rule for the second time after having drived out the qaramanli. The strategical situation of the wilaya as a turntable plate between europe in the north and central africa in the south, has drived the turkish to help in the commercial development from the axe of tombouctou, sokoto, kano, ouadai and bornou, in side, and tripoli and benghazi in the other side. With a help from vessel of a particular type, the caravan, the varing and committed merchants and diverse capitals, african and european goods had arrived to tripolitan ports to be commercialized or exported. Slaves, ostrish feathers, ivory, hides and golden powder were sent from central africa to europe, the orient and sometimes to the united states. Invesely, the caravan took relay of maritime campaigns to transfort to africa coton, tea, sugar and leter on armes. In its simplicity this caravans trade had implicated avery good organisation without aflaw. Autochtones or strengers the merchants had established a structure of which the caravan was the stone and based on an exchange systeme (weith, measures, mony, commercial tribunals), a practice of roads a connivance with auttorities and nomade tribes installed in the caravan's roads
Miroudot, Sébastien. "Trade and growth in Sub-Saharian Africa : the dynamic Ricardian theory and non-homothetic preferences." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008IEPP0014.
Full textThis dissertation is a contribution to the trade and growth literature focusing on the role of non-homothetic preferences in explaining why very poor countries – such as those in Sub-Saharan Africa – do not seem to fully benefit from trade liberalisation and why they can be caught in a slow growth trap. Part I of the dissertation is a selective literature review looking at growth theories that include trade as a determinant of the increase in output and trade models that incorporate a “growth engine”. Part II focuses on the role of non-homothetic preferences in trade theory. It points out that in a dynamic ricardian model with a continuum of goods and “hierarchic” preferences South can lose as it specializes in goods where comparative advantage is lower. It is however a very specific case that can happen only when there is a very high difference in income between North and South. In Part III, an empirical investigation is conducted with first a stochastic frontier analysis of the relationship between trade and growth. The results give some support to the ambivalent impact of trade on growth described in the model of Part II. Moreover, an estimation of the gravity model with non-homothetic preferences supports some of the theoretical assumptions made in Part II, in particular the prevalence of non-homothetic preferences and the role of income differences in explaining trade
Mbangare, Mobe Milaiti. "La richesse pétrolière : une malédiction pour les pays d'Afrique de l'Ouest ? Une étude comparative." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/18551.
Full textBoucksom, Audrey. "Arts "touristiques" en Afrique et consommateurs Occidentaux: le cas de l'artisanat d'art au Niger." Phd thesis, Université Panthéon-Sorbonne - Paris I, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00410551.
Full textCe qu'on appelle les arts « touristiques » africains diffèrent des arts touristiques occidentaux en trois points. Tout d'abord il s'agit essentiellement d'une production locale, souvent réalisée par des petites structures de production comme l'atelier. De ce fait le producteur d'objets « touristiques » africain a souvent la possibilité de rencontrer directement l'acheteur étranger et, il peut alors l'interroger pour tenter d'identifier ses goûts et ses envies. Par cet échange symbolique esthétique, l'acheteur étranger participe à l'introduction de nouveaux matériaux, formes et techniques dans la création d'objets. Deuxièmement, les objets issus de cet échange sont hybrides car influencés par les goûts des étrangers qui sont, et c'est là la dernière particularité, dans leur grande majorité des Occidentaux.
Mais, ces consommateurs occidentaux que les spécialistes du sujet ont trop facilement jugés comme étant des « touristes » ne sont pourtant pas uniquement des voyageurs de passage mais aussi des expatriés et des consommateurs en Occident. De ce fait les arts « touristiques » africains ne peuvent être exclusivement abordés comme un révélateur des goûts des touristes pouvant intéresser certaines problématiques révélées par la sociologie du tourisme mais doivent plutôt être appréhendés comme un révélateur des rapports entre l'Occident et le reste du monde.