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Academic literature on the topic 'Commande automatique – Facteur humain'
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Journal articles on the topic "Commande automatique – Facteur humain"
Piguet, P. "L’axe intestin–cerveau : les pistes actuelles." Douleur et Analgésie 34, no. 2 (June 2021): 70–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.3166/dea-2021-0167.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Commande automatique – Facteur humain"
Nativel-Fontaine, Gabriel. "Identification des critères déterminant l’acceptabilité des comportements d’un véhicule autonome dans des situations potentiellement conflictuelles en milieu urbain pour adapter les algorithmes de conduite autonome." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Bordeaux, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024BORD0304.
Full textThis thesis will identify the criteria that will make the use of autonomous vehicles in urban environments, particularly in potentially conflictual situations, acceptable.Our focus is on level 5 autonomous vehicles, which involve full automation of driving functions. We analyze the acceptability of vehicle behavior from the passengers' perspective. The literature describes the acceptability of technologies in three phases: a priori acceptability (before exposure), in situ acceptability (during exposure), and appropriation (after exposure). A technology is accepted when it is used in a non-professional context.As there is no level 5 vehicle currently available, the study of its acceptability is theoretical and a priori. It relies notably on models such as the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT). We identified the behavioral elements influencing passengers' perceived acceptability in conflictual situations using a simulated exposure to the technology. These studies allowed us to definitively propose acceptable operating ranges for vehicle behavior.However, there are still some cases where the technology is not acceptable, such as not stopping at a red light to allow an emergency vehicle to pass. Passenger perception is a crucial factor in determining acceptability in these situations. We therefore explored the effectiveness of vehicle-passenger communication as a countermeasure to the loss of acceptability in specific contexts.Our first experiment examined the influence of driving mode and context on the acceptability of vehicle behavior. We tested the driving modes, which varied in their attitude toward traffic laws, at typical urban intersections. Driving mode proved to be the most influential factor, and neither the type of intersection nor sociodemographic characteristics showed significant effects.A second experiment definitively demonstrated the impact of specific behavioral components on passengers' acceptability. This was achieved through a virtual reality simulation in which participants experienced a journey in a Level 5 autonomous vehicle. During the trip, participants encountered a variety of situations in which we deliberately varied the vehicle's behavior, particularly in terms of waiting time before engaging in the situation. The results clearly showed that prior communication with passengers is essential for safety. When passengers were introduced in a way that focused on safety, they were more accepting of all situations. We defined optimal waiting time ranges for each situation.The first part of this thesis analyses the variation in situ acceptability of autonomous vehicle behaviour. These findings provide clear recommendations for manufacturers to improve passenger acceptability. These recommendations can be implemented directly through vehicle behavior or through vehicle-passenger communication.The decisions made by autonomous vehicles, governed by algorithms, directly impact acceptability. These algorithms can and should be adjusted through various parameters to positively influence acceptability. We present a methodology for transferring technology from academic research to industrialization, using mathematical models based on experimental data. These models will allow manufacturers to determine optimal parameter values to maximize acceptability.Finally, the study of transparency and behavior explanation demonstrated that combining multiple communication modalities (visual, auditory) significantly improves explicability and acceptability. By using multiple sensory channels to explain the vehicle's behavior, we observed a substantial increase in acceptability, particularly in conflictual situations where the vehicle's behavior seemed ambiguous. This proves that perceived explicability, reinforced by diverse sensory modalities, is the key to in situ acceptability. Furthermore, this explicability enhances passenger acceptability in situations of uncertainty
Campeau-Lecours, Alexandre. "Développement d'algorithmes de commande et d'interfaces mécatroniques pour l'interaction physique humain-robot." Thesis, Université Laval, 2012. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2012/29608/29608.pdf.
Full textFor a long time, simple and advanced systems such as robots have been helping humans to accomplish several tasks. In some cases, the system simply replaces the operator while in other cases, the system cooperates with him/her. In the latter case, the system is more a tool used to increase performance or to avoid unpleasant tasks. The principal advantage of this human augmentation is to leave a certain latitude to the operator in the task decision process. Specific strengths of humans and robots are then combined to obtain a synergy, that is obtaining a more complete system than the sum of its parts. However, achieving complex tasks in a way that is intuitive to the human represents a huge challenge. While robots were previously segregated from humans and then designed and programmed accordingly, the new generation of robots must be able to perceive their environment and the human intentions and to respond to them safely, adequately, intuitively and ergonomically. This leads to several opportunities in a wide range of fields such as materials handling, assembly, physical rehabilitation, surgery, learning through haptic simulations, help to disabled people and others. This thesis comprises three parts. The first one deals with the control of physical interaction robots. The approach to an intuitive control, good practices, an interaction algorithm adapting to human intentions and the adaptation of a computed-torque control scheme for human-robot interaction are presented. The second part presents hands on payload systems which are more intuitive to use for the operator. These system developments include mechanical and advanced control innovations. The third part introduces safety features. First, the development of a vibration observer/controller algorithm is presented and then the development of a sensor detecting human proximity is reported. This thesis attempts to provide contributions, in a scientific spirit as much as for industrial applications requiring immediate solutions.
Rajaonah, Bako. "Rôle de la confiance de l'opérateur dans son interaction avec une machine autonome sur la coopération humain-machine." Paris 8, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA082588.
Full textGrumbach, Alain. "Contribution à l'étude de modèles d'apprentissage en interaction avec un environnement inspirés du comportement humain." Paris 11, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA112244.
Full textThe aim of this research is to design and write programs which provide machines with learning by doing capabilities, in a problem solving situation. The approach is inspired by human behavior study : subject observations, model building, drawing out of fundamental notions, design of corresponding software (language programs). The fundamental notions set out in this work concern : knowledge types and relationship, which gave rise to the knowledge Lattice structure that relates general and specific knowledge fields to one another ; learning behavior trigerring : on event ; acquired informations : links between them,. . . The language built up from these notions is twofold : Multilog, implementation of the Knowledge Lattice within Logic Programing through clause "worlds" ; Evenlog, implementation of the event notion. Different human learning simulation programs have been developed, ranging from a specific model to a very general one whose unreached objective was to be able to learn non specific knowledge fields. Lastly, this work, as part of Cognitive Science Research, proposes a short Cogitation on Knowledge : the above mentionned Knowledge Lattice ; different points of view : behaviorist, cognitive,. . . , links between them ; (phylo) genesis
Weymann, Jacques. "Commande du trafic par guidage des véhicules avec prise en compte du comportement humain et de la saturation." Toulouse, ENSAE, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994ESAE0010.
Full textM'Boungui, Gaston. "Actionneur piézoélectrique commandable en frottement variable pour application haptique." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Lille 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009LIL10002.
Full textAs a solution to the lack of compactness and simplicity often encountered in haptic interfaces, we propose a device based on friction coefficient control principle. This device includes polarised piezoceramics well adjusted and glued to a 64x38x3 mm copper-beryllium plate supported by four legs. Then, properly energised around a resonant frequency, with legs at antinodes, a stationary wave is created in the plate. Variable friction forces between the legs and the plane substrate are created by the control of the wave amplitude, according to electro-active lubrication. So the user obtains force feedback by holding the plate, and moving it on a plane substrate, as he couId do with a mouse interface. Preliminary psychophysical evaluation trends to assess the validity of the device as a force feedback interface able to sense limits or shape changes of objects from virtual environment in the future
Gaye, Oumar. "CONTRÔLE DU PROFIL DE FACTEUR DE SECURITE DANS LES PLASMAS DE TOKAMAK EN DIMENSION INFINIE." Phd thesis, Université d'Angers, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00774718.
Full textLauzier, Nicolas. "Mécanismes de sécurité pour l'interaction physique humain-robot : réduction des forces de contact par l'utilisation de limiteurs de couple dans la conception de robots manipulateurs." Thesis, Université Laval, 2011. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2011/28505/28505.pdf.
Full textThis thesis presents the analysis, synthesis, optimization, design and experimental validation of safety mechanisms in the context of physical human-robot interaction. In order to improve safety, which is essential to allow the coexistence of humans and robots, an approach based on the design of intrinsically safe manipulators is preferred to collision avoidance and detection systems for reliability reasons. The maximum contact force occuring during a collision is used as a safety criterion due to its simplicity and validity in the context of robotics. For serial robots, it is proposed to place a torque limiter in series with each actuator whereas for suspended robots, it is preferable to separate the base and the effector with a parallel mechanism in which some joints are replaced with torque limiters --- thereby forming a \emph{Cartesian force limiting device}. The use of such mechanisms allows the reduction of the effective manipulator inertia during a collision without affecting the performances under normal conditions. A model is first created in order to compare --- using simulations --- the safety gains obtained with torque limiters with the ones obtained with other articular safety mechanisms when they are implemented alone or in combination with other safety devices. Methods to optimally control the thresholds of adjustable torque limiters placed in series with each actuator of a serial robot are developed. A kinematic performance index is proposed in order to optimize the pose and architecture of such a robot. The approach and the developed methods are experimentally validated using prototypes of adjustable torque limiters based on friction which are placed in series with each actuator of a four-degree-of-freedom robot. Finally, architectures of Cartesian force limiting devices are proposed and optimized and their effectiveness in the context of suspended robots is experimentally validated.
Métillon, Marceau. "Modelling, Control and Performance Analysis of Cable-Driven Parallel Cobots." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Ecole centrale de Nantes, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023ECDN0015.
Full textThis PhD thesis addresses the modelling,control and performance analysis of collaborative Cable-Driven Parallel Robots (CDPRs). An elasto-geometric modelling of the actuation elements is proposed to improve their positioning accuracy. Different inverse elastogeometricmodels are simulated and experimentally assessed then analysed in a sensitivity analysis.Then, control strategies allowing the physical interactions of operators with CDPRs are proposed. These strategies are based on the impedance control and allow the robots comanipulation. A hybrid controller for trajectory tracking and co-manipulation is presented and experimented. A safety device for the proximity detection based on the capacitive coupling principle is fitted to CDPRs and tested. Finally, user experiments are led to determine the performance of the proposed strategies.Three experiments led with volunte erenable the performance variation evaluationand the user behaviour study during physical human-CDPR interactions
Dai, Zheng. "Actionneurs piézo-électriques dans des interfaces homme-machine à retour d'effort." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Lille 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009LIL10007.
Full textThis research work is interested in the use of travelling wave ultrasonic motor within the framework of a context of force feedback as an alternative choice with regard to the electromagnetic motor which is often used in the haptic domain. So, from a study on the dynamic and mechanical characteristics of the motor USR30, we proposed a global model in GIC who takes into account the intrinsic not linear phenomena in the motor. By inverting this model of GIC, we manage to validate two types of control in force feedback; finally, by presenting the experimental results based of the platform of 1ddl of digitracker, the realization of a virtual environment which includes a virtual spring and a virtual wall becomes possible
Books on the topic "Commande automatique – Facteur humain"
Billings, Charles E. Aviation Automation: The Search for A Human-centered Approach (Human Factors in Transportation). CRC, 1996.
Find full textAviation Automation: The Search for A Human-centered Approach (Human Factors in Transportation). CRC, 1996.
Find full textBillings, Charles E. Aviation Automation: The Search for a Human-Centered Approach. Taylor & Francis Group, 2018.
Find full textBillings, Charles E. Aviation Automation: The Search for a Human-Centered Approach. Taylor & Francis Group, 2018.
Find full textBillings, Charles E. Aviation Automation: The Search for a Human-Centered Approach. Taylor & Francis Group, 2018.
Find full text