Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Comfort'
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Burris, Andrea. "Creature comforts : an exploration of comfort in the home." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2014. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/16314.
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In response to climate change, there is a growing need for the UK to reduce carbon emissions in the domestic sector. As a majority of energy consumed within the domestic sector is as a result of space and water heating, research in the field focuses on thermal comfort. The literature on thermal comfort is dominated by an examination of the physiological aspects, and although the influences of psychological and socio-cultural aspects are often recognised, their relationship to the physiological aspects is not fully understood. Additionally, the literature typically studies various elements of comfort (e.g. thermal, acoustic, lighting, etc.) in isolation to each other rather than taking a holistic approach which would mirror how they are experienced in the real world and identify potential associations. As a result, this thesis explores the multi-dimensions of comfort in the domestic environment. This research begins by taking a user-centred approach to exploring UK householders perspectives of comfort in the home. Through interviewing householders, the findings revealed householders attributed a wide scope of factors to their own experience of comfort, from aesthetics to feeling secure in their home; the findings highlighted the significance of psychological factors to householders comfort. The following stage involved a focused and in-depth exploration of the psychological dimensions of domestic comfort through photo elicitation interviews. The findings supported the presence of four intertwined psychological dimensions and further established the multidimensional nature of comfort. The final study was conducted to establish when comfort and unwinding takes place in householders everyday lives. Through the use of two self-reporting ethnographic tools, namely SenseCams and diaries, householders were observed in their homes. The findings captured householders engaging in various comfort making activities and also demonstrated the value of using self-reporting tools in the home context. In the final stage, a classification of domestic comfort was generated which presents an accumulation of the findings from this research to produce a holistic and multi-dimensional notion of domestic comfort.
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Barbero, Enrica <1993>. "Fuori comfort." Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/18671.
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La tesi riguarda lo sviluppo e la diffusione del Parkour in Italia, in particolare nella zona del Veneto dove ho svolto la ricerca presso una associazione di Mestre (Apta Parkour). Mi sono focalizzata in particolare sulle pratiche e le modalità di insegnamento della disciplina nelle scuole pubbliche e presso i corsi dell'associazione stessa, con particolare attenzione alle ramificazioni dipartitesi dal nucleo associativo originario.
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Linge, Jonas. "Objective comfort evaluation." Thesis, University West, Department of Technology, Mathematics and Computer Science, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hv:diva-805.
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Huynh, Kien Khanh. "Human Thermal Comfort." MSSTATE, 2001. http://sun.library.msstate.edu/ETD-db/theses/available/etd-04092001-135104/.
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The purpose of this research is to investigate human comfort criteria under steady-state conditions as a function of ambient air temperature, mean radiant temperature, relative humidity, air velocity, level of activity, and clothing insulation. Since the current ASHRAE Standard 55-1994 is for sedentary activity, this study will consider relative humidity (20% to 65%), dry bulb temperature (73 oF to 82 oF), air velocity (30 fpm and 50 fpm), and sedentary-to-moderate activity. The mean radiant temperature will be taken to be the same as the ambient air temperature. The experimental results collected at the Kansas State University Environmental Test Chamber are compared with the Fanger (1982) thermal comfort model and with ASHRAE Standard 55-1994. The experimental study results agreed well with ASHARE Standard 55-1994 for 1-met activity level (sedentary), and the thermal comfort for 1-met activity level was predicted with reasonable accuracy by Fanger?s (1982) Model. For 2.3 met activity level, the experimental results did not agree with ASHRAE Standard 55-1994 or the Fanger Model predictions.
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D'Amico, Samantha. "HMHS Royal Comfort." Digital Commons at Loyola Marymount University and Loyola Law School, 2021. https://digitalcommons.lmu.edu/etd/979.
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HMHS Royal Comfort is a one-hour drama about a young Army nurse named Eleanor Allen who gets assigned to the newly commissioned hospital ship, HMHS Royal Comfort, during the beginning of World War 1. Eleanor, along with the other Army nurses, volunteers, and Royal Army Medical Corp officers must treat, care for, and save the wounded soldiers who board their ship as they push aside their own personal secrets amidst the growing conflict.
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Riffelli, Stefano. "Sustainable comfort in indoor environments: global comfort indices and virtual sensors." Doctoral thesis, Urbino, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/11576/2700929.
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Cakir, Cagri. "Assessing Thermal Comfort Conditions." Master's thesis, METU, 2006. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12607936/index.pdf.
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The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of environmental design parameters on thermal comfort conditions in the METU Faculty of Architecture Building located
in Ankara.
The building had some problems in terms of indoor climatic conditions, both in winter and in summer. It was evident that some design parameters caused this undesirable situation. The study therefore focused on understanding and evaluating
the effects of design-dependent elements such as thermal mass, the size and orientation of windows, shading and vegetation on thermal comfort conditions in the case study building. While conducting this study, data loggers were used to record temperature and humidity data in predetermined rooms. Data was collected during certain periods in July, August, and September 2006.
The data collected was analyzed statistically and hypotheses were tested using ANOVA. This study showed that the effect of thermal mass was almost the same for the rooms investigated owing to the fact that the entire building had been constructed with concrete curtain walls. In terms of thermal performance the number and orientation of the exterior walls, orientation and size of windows, room heights and also sun shading with surrounding vegetation were most effective design parameters for the rooms investigated
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Qiao, Zhou. "Thermal comfort in vehicles." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Avdelningen för bygg- energi- och miljöteknik, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-17422.
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Feldmeier, Mark Christopher 1974. "Personalized building comfort control." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/55185.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, School of Architecture and Planning, Program in Media Arts and Sciences, 2009.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 273-278).
Creating an appropriate indoor climate is essential to worker productivity and personal happiness. It is also an area of large expenditure for building owners. And, with rising fuel costs, finding ways of reducing energy consumption is more important than ever. This idea is promoted further by the notion that most buildings are currently being run inefficiently, due to the non-adaptable nature of their control systems. Not just the occupants, but also the buildings themselves have ever changing needs, for which a single setpoint is inadequate. This dissertation presents a novel air-conditioning control system, focused around the individual, which remedies these inefficiencies through the creation of personalized environments. To date, the measurement of thermal preference has been limited to either a complex set of sensors attempting to determine a Predicted Mean Vote (PMV) value, or to direct polling of the user. The former is far too cumbersome and expensive for practical application, and the latter places an undue burden on the user. To overcome these limitations, an extremely low power, light weight, wireless sensor is developed which can measure temperature, humidity, activity and light level directly on the user's body. These data are used to immediately infer user comfort level, and to control an HVAC system in an attempt to minimize both cost and thermal discomfort. Experimental results are presented from a building under continual usage, modified with a wireless network with multiple sensing and actuating modalities.
(cont.) For four weeks, ten building occupants, in four offices and one common space, are thermally regulated via wristworn sensors controlling the local air-conditioning dampers and window operator motors. Comparisons are made to the previous four week period of standard air-conditioning control, showing an increase in comfort, while decreasing energy usage at the same time. The difficult problems of control adaptation, comfort determination, and user conflict resolution are addressed. Finally, the limitations of this format of control are discussed, along with the possible benefits and requirements of this proactive architecture.
by Mark Christopher Feldmeier.
Ph.D.
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Hallgrímsdóttir, Una. "Comfort Food - Comfortable for Who? : An Exploration of Genuine Comfort Food Through Design." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för design (DE), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-96975.
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“Comfort Food – Comfortable for Who?” – Questions the true comfort of our eating habits, critically addressing our prevalent unsustainable animal-based food cultures by exploring genuine comfort food through design. In my process I have researched why our eating habits are so hard to change, from our psychological attachment to meat to the patriarchal foundation of our food cultures. By exploring the medium of food and cooking as design practice, I have encountered how essential the element of comfort is to human’s eating experience. Resulting in an approach to plant-based eating where the essential comfort factors of our food cultures meet the beyond-human comfort needs.
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Kranz, Jürgen. "Intelligent automotive thermal comfort control." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/1435.
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Mobility has become a substantial part in our society. Since we spend a lot of our available time on the road, we expect the automotive environment to provide similar comfort levels than residential buildings. Within this context, this research thesis especially focuses on automotive thermal comfort control. The automotive cabin is a very special environment, which is characterized by extreme inhomogeneity and overall transient behavior. Thermal comfort is a very vague and a very subjective term, which depends on physiological and psychological variables. Theories for thermal comfort in transient environments have not been fully established yet and researchers are still busy with its investigation. At present, automotive industry relies on extensive thermal comfort models, manikins and powerful simulation tools to assess and control thermal comfort. This thesis studies the application of artificial intelligence and proposes a blackbox approach which aims for extracting thermal comfort knowledge directly from human's interaction with the HVAC controls. This methodology avoids the use of human physiological and psychological thermal comfort models and does not require any a-priori knowledge. A novel comfort acquisition tool has been developed and has been integrated into a research vehicle in order to gather the required data for system learning. Data has been collected during spring, autumn and summer conditions in Southern Africa. Methods of data mining have been applied and an intelligent implementation using artificial neural networks has been proposed. The achieved results are promising and allow for about 87 perecent correct classification. It is concluded that methods of artificial intelligence perform well and are far superior compared to conventional approaches. These methods can be used as a powerful tool for the development process of vehicle air-conditioning controls and have great potential for time and cost reduction.
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Kelly, Lisa K. "Thermal comfort on train journeys." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2011. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/8445.
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This thesis presents a body of work conducted to determine thermal comfort on train journeys. Relatively little research has been conducted on trains in comparison with the vast body of work conducted within building environments. This thesis aimed to expand our knowledge of rail passenger thermal comfort throughout the journey; platform to destination. The train journey was separated into its component parts and analysed by conducting both laboratory and field experiments that either simulated or measured aspects of a train journey. Laboratory experiment 1 examined appropriate methods of data collection during train journeys. Participants (9 males and 9 females) were exposed to a simulated train environment three times and used a different data collection method on each occasion; a paper-based method, a voice recorder or a Personal Digital Assistant (PDA). Results concluded that the three methods can be used interchangeably when recording thermal comfort data. Participants preferred the PDA over the other two methods because they felt it afforded them a level of privacy in addition to blending in with other rail passengers using similar technologies. The second laboratory experiment measured thermal comfort following a change of environment. Participants (12 males and 12 females) were exposed to three environmental conditions (warm, neutral and slightly cool) in a thermal chamber on three separate occasions. The exposure lasted 30 minutes, after which, participants entered a new environment that was the same on each occasion (slightly cool). Results showed that overshoots in sensation (beyond those predicted by the Predicted Mean Vote thermal comfort index PMV) are observed following downward steps (warmer to cooler) in environmental conditions. No overshoots were observed following the upward step (cooler to warmer) in environment, with sensations immediately reflecting the predicted steady-state values. Laboratory experiment 3 (22 males and 26 females) expanded the research conducted in laboratory experiment 2 by exposing participants to greater magnitudes of environmental change. In addition, sensation was measured after this change until steady-state was reached. Participants were exposed to four environmental conditions (cool to warm to neutral to cool or cool to cold to warm to cool) consecutively over a 2 hour period with 30 minutes spent in each location. Results demonstrated similar effects to those observed during laboratory experiment 2 with overshoots observed following downward steps in environmental conditions and none observed in the opposite direction. Sensations demonstrating overshoots gradually increased until steady-state was achieved after approximately 25 minutes. Field experiment 1 (12 males and 32 females) measured thermal comfort while boarding trains. Participants were taken on a short train journey and recorded sensations whilst on the platform and during boarding. Results showed that overshoots may also be observed following step up and step down in environments. It is hypothesised that change in air velocity is influential in this effect. Thermal comfort throughout a train journey was measured in field experiment 2. Participants (16 males and 16 females) reported on thermal comfort on the platform, during boarding and throughout a return train journey from Loughborough to London St Pancras. Results also demonstrated overshoots following upward transients indicating that there are factors in the field that do not occur in laboratory conditions. Subjective parameters reach steady-state after approximately 20 minutes and PMV accurately predicted sensations during the journey. Again, air velocities may have interacted with other variables resulting in the overshoots following upward steps in environmental conditions. Laboratory experiments 2 and 3 resulted in the creation of a model predicting sensation following a change of environment, PMVTRANS. When the model was compared with the field data, it could not accurately predict sensations observed during transients. It also could not predict the sensation overshoots observed following upward transients. A new model is now proposed, NEW PMVTRANS. This model shows greater correlation with actual sensation than PMV; however it does require further validation from field data. Research has shown that PMV is an accurate estimator of sensation within a train carriage and should be used by train designers to optimise the environmental conditions for passengers.
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Wansch, Aaron. "Junia : Comfort in milk expression." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Designhögskolan vid Umeå universitet, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-125894.
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This report describes the project background, design process plus the final result of my MFA degree thesis in Advanced Product Design at Umeå Institute of Design. A breast pump is generally a mechanical or electrical suction device for withdrawing milk from the breast of a lactating woman. Even though the first pumps were patented in the mid-19th century as medical devices for in-hospital use, breast pumps as widely available consumer products have only been around for a little more than 20 years. Existing breast pumps do not address functional as well as emotional needs of many mothers and there is great potential for improvements and innovative solutions to transform pumping into a more enjoyable and positively associated experience. The main purpose of this project is to rethink the way breast pumps are currently used in order to push the boundaries, and come up with a forward-looking, conceptual design solution as a final result. This human-centered design project was carried out in close collaboration with various experts in the areas of pediatrics, breastfeeding and lactation counselling. Moreover this project was done in cooperation with leading design and innovation consulting firm IDEO. San Francisco basted design director Thomas Overthun provided mentoring throughout the design process. Regular check-in calls and feedback sessions were set up throughout the project to discuss project milestones. Anders Smith, an experienced industrial designer from Denmark, closely followed throughout the project as an external design tutor at Umeå Institute of Design. Several tutoring sessions were held on a regular basis. Continuous involvement of experts and external project advisors helped to make sure that the project remains valid and provided a great source for relevant insights, expert knowledge and professional feedback. "Being able to develop an impactful and forward-looking design solution that can encourage positive change both on an individual and societal level has been my main motivation to tackle this design challenge".
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Culley, Sheena. "Comfort : bodies and their boundaries." Thesis, Kingston University, 2015. http://eprints.kingston.ac.uk/29964/.
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The original contribution of this work is its engagement with the conceptualisation of modern bodies and the impact of the bounded body on our understanding of the idea of comfort. The way in which modern bodies are constituted as bounded, immune entities, differentiated from their surroundings, is of paramount importance in defining comfort as protective, compensatory and passive - a zero grade feeling or avoidance of stimuli. Taking a definition of comfort from John Crowley's influential work on the topic as 'a self-conscious satisfaction between one's body and its immediate physical environment' as its point of departure, this thesis interrogates this in-between space to argue for comfort as an affective and intensive experience. Approaching the theme from an interdisciplinary perspective, a genealogical method combined with inspiration from new materialisms challenges dualisms such as nature/culture, body/mind, inside/outside, body/environment and comfort/discomfort. Following the trajectory of work from Nietzsche to Foucault to Deleuze, phenomenological and psychoanalytical ideas of boundedness and identity are displaced with a theory of bodies as fortuitous and dynamic compositions of forces, where affirmative difference replaces negative difference. As a result, the comfort zone, comfortable numbness and sitting comfortably are transformed from states of indifference to intensive events of difference whereby boundaries and borders are reconstituted as thresholds and spaces of transformation.
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Бараболіков, В. М., and П. Кучківський. ""Comfort testing" - адаптивна контролююча програма." Thesis, Видавництво СумДУ, 2010. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/21302.
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Araji, Mohamad Tarek. "Visual Comfort in Transitional Spaces." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/190396.
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The study emphasizes changing light conditions in architectural spaces as a major factor on human eye adaptation, which represents a potential case for a visual shock. This visual shock is experienced when occupants encounter a sudden field of light whose intensity is above or below the limit of human eye adaptable range. To examine this condition, a new methodology is developed and outlined. It identifies the visual shock within transitional spaces and allows architects to investigate strategies that influence visual comfort. The physiological field of vision analysis is used to first critique, then to adjust, and finally to interpret scenes within transitional spaces. The methodology begins by using a 180° angle fish-eye lens camera to capture 3-D photographs along a selected pedestrian pathway. The photographs are overlaid by a “field of view” diagram to deduct areas obstructed by human facial features (eyebrows, cheeks, and nose). Area weighted percentages of the net view profile is then calculated using an overlay hemispherical radial grid. These percentages represent the cut-off vision (0%), the one-eye vision (12.5%), the peripheral vision (25%), and the central vision (50%). Image metamorphosis is done by the aid of the Adobe Photoshop software to restrict the image to four monochromatic contrasts of shade. Parallel to photographs, actual light intensity readings are collected and calibrated to each assigned contrast on the images. To illustrate the methodology, a case of a person experiencing an extreme discomfort by walking in the direction of a blinding sunlight source has been chosen and investigated. 3-D Computer modeling is then adopted to investigate the different architectural daylight solutions as suggested by the modified design and predicts a visual comfort. This method provides a successful tool for investigating light in transitional spaces as well as contributes to enhancing pedestrian awareness of their surrounding environment and clarity of visual information.
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Wolff, Metternich Maria Antonia. "Comfort Zones : The delicate relationship between knitted surfaces and filling materials experienced through human comfort/discomfort." Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Akademin för textil, teknik och ekonomi, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-22044.
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This paper describes a practice- based research project in which physical and emotional comfort and discomfort is experienced by the human body. A variety of different Comfort Zones are presented. All of them deal with the relationship between filling material and cover, in which knitted structures and materials play a central role in order to create comfort. The elasticity of the knit is challenged when creating volume and emphasizes the idea that comfort is elastic in material/physical way, as well as well in emotions. The use of filling materials gives a new dimension, sensitivity and offers new opportunities. This form exploration discusses the potential of knit to serve as a cover and decorative element, but most importantly the possibility of a textile to create its own filling. By rolling up a knitted tube, volume is built up layer by layer; a torus appears and captures a void in the center of the form, required by the tube, the fundament. Hints of discomfort are given and emphasized by either surface/structure, volume or garments on the body.
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Mansky, Nicole Rae. "Enhancing Comfort Care Techniques in the Pediatric Inpatient Setting." ScholarWorks, 2019. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/6612.
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The benefits of pharmacological and nonpharmacological interventions for children undergoing painful medical procedures are well documented in extant nursing literature; however, such techniques continue to be underused in practice. Improving comfort during medical procedures is necessary to enhance the patient and family experience. The purpose of this project was to provide education to nursing staff about pediatric pain theories and evidence-based practice recommendations that support the use comfort interventions for pediatric patients of all ages. The practice-focused question addressed the development of an educational program designed to enhance staff knowledge of comfort intervention options and the benefits provided to patients. The Kirkpatrick model of evaluation was used to guide the educational design and evaluation process. Data analysis demonstrated statistically significant improvement in test scores following the educational intervention. A total of 32 staff members of a unit at the project site participated in the project. Participant pretest scores averaged 61.6% and posttest scores averaged 97.8%, with all but 6 participants having scored 100% on the posttest. The nonparametric test Wilcoxon signed-ranks test was used, and statistical significance was seen (z = -4.969, p = .000). Implications of this project to promote social change include opportunities to expand the use of the educational module to other departments within the organization to promote a culture of comfort through a fact-based understanding of the theories and evidence that support the consistent implementation of comfort techniques.
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Siu, Wai-chung Andy. "Determining the value of travel comfort /." View the Table of Contents & Abstract, 2006. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B36762088.
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Park, Erica. "The Trials of a Comfort Woman." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2011. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/113.
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The trials of a comfort woman was never revealed after the conclusion of WWII. More than half a century has passed before the name was uttered on the international stage. Why the sudden break of silence? What is the response of the Japanese government. In this paper, we discuss the issue of the comfort women and the the political implications it holds on Japan. Japan's failure to accept wartime reparation, largely due to Allied intervention, has resulted in the widening gap between Japan and Asia. This paper focuses on the combination of increased US influence as a result of the San Francisco Treaty of 1951 and Japan’s fervent nationalistic identity served to widen the gap between Japan and other East and Southeast Asian nations, making reconciliation over the issue of comfort women a problem that remains unresolved to this day.
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Siu, Wai-chung Andy, and 蕭慧聰. "Determining the value of travel comfort." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2006. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B45007421.
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Broomé, My, and David Trosell. "Revisorsassistenters upplevelse av handlingsutrymme och comfort." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Företagsekonomi, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-120785.
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Bakgrund: Det finns ett begränsat utbud av vetenskaplig forskning omrevisorsassistenter, men av tillgänglig forskning framgår att revisorsassistentergenomför en stor del av revisionens granskning. Okunskap om hur revisorsassistenternasjälva upplever sin arbetssituation - handlingsutrymme och comfort - motiverar vårstudie. Syfte: Syftet med vår uppsats är att utforska relationen mellan revisorsassistentersupplevda handlingsutrymme och comfort. Metod: För att uppnå vårt syfte utfördes tio semistrukturerade intervjuer. Åtta av dessaintervjuer utfördes med revisorsassistenter och två stycken med före dettarevisorsassistenter som lämnat yrket inom det senaste året. Slutsats: Vi kommer fram till att det framförallt är erfarenhet, personlighet ochstructure/kontroller som påverkar relationen mellan revisorsassistenters upplevdahandlingsutrymme och comfortBackground: The research regarding audit associates is limited, but available researchshows that audit associates perform a great deal of the audit. Our study is motivated bythe lack of research concerning the audit associates own experience of their worksituation, discretion and comfort. Purpose: To explore the relationship between audit associates perceived discretion andcomfort. Method: We performed ten semistructured interviews. Eight of these with auditassociates and two with former audit associates who left the occupation the latest year. Conclusion: We conclude that the main factors that affect the relationship betweenaudit associates perceived discretion and comfort is experience, personality andstructure/controls.
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Grzeszczak, Jan, and Michał Płygawko. "Frequency Analysis of Rottne Comfort Line." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för maskinteknik (MT), 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-35924.
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The European Parliment stipulated regulations concerning the forestry vehicles operators' health and working conditions. The allowed whole body vibrations were limited, which influenced the design of the vehicles' cabin. Surveys show a strong correlation between operator's comport and their productivity. The object of the research was Rottne AB Comfort Line Cabin, which was designed to increase the comfort for the forwarder operators. The main objective was to determine the cab's inertia properties, position of the centre of gravity and the resonance frequencies of the cab as well as a system consisting of the cab and its suspension. The methods used were an impact test with Mass-Line Analysis for the cab's properties and Operational Modal Analysis for the system. For both tests a Leuven Measurement System was used, but a part of the calculations were made in parallel by use of a MATLAB code written for this thesis. In addition a suspension test was made to estimate the centre of gravity and it was here treated as the reference value. The authors used reference values and the quality of the obtained results to compare the methods used. Further proposals for future research were made together with hints how to use vibration tests more effectively.
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Khodakarami, Jamal. "Achieving thermal comfort in Iranian hospitals." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.445191.
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Abdulshukor, Abdulmalik Bin. "Human thermal comfort in tropical climates." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.294561.
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Nikolopoulou, Maria-Heleni. "Thermal comfort in outdoor urban spaces." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.397141.
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Heidari, Shahin. "Thermal comfort in Iranian courtyard housing." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2000. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/10239/.
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This thesis investigated thermal comfort for naturally ventilated housing in Iran with special reference to Ilam. An important aim was to establish the neutral temperature and the acceptable range of environmental conditions for Dam people in their houses. The methodology used for this aIm was field studies. These studies were divided into two parts- one in the hot season and the other in the cool season. The results showed a good relationship between neutral temperature and mean indoor temperature and also between outdoor temperature and neutral temperature. The indoor comfort temperature (Tn), which is dependent on outdoor temperature (Tom), could be found from the following equation: Tn = 17.3 + 0.36 Tom The findings of the study revealed that the Ilam people could achieve comfort at higher indoor air temperatures compared with the recommendations by international standards like ISO 7730. The results also showed that passive systems as a main comfort strategy could be applied to housing design in Ilam. By using the results of this study, strategies to minimise housing energy consumption, not only for Ilam but also for other regions, which have similar climates and cultures to Ilam, can be proposed.
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Basri, B. "Predicting ride comfort with reclined seats." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2012. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/348886/.
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Reclined seats in transport suggest luxury and comfort, but a review of the literature revealed little study of how backrest inclination influences the discomfort caused by vibration of a seat or a backrest. This thesis seeks to advance understanding of the influence of backrest inclination on vibration discomfort and provides a model for evaluating vibration discomfort and metrics for optimising seats with different backrest inclinations. Vibration discomfort depends on the direction and location of vibration input to the body. Subjects used magnitude estimation to judge vibration magnitudes from thresholds of perception up to 2 ms-2 r.m.s. at the 11 preferred 1/3-octave centre frequencies from 2.5 to 25 Hz. The first two experiments determined absolute thresholds and discomfort with x-axis backrest vibration (Experiment 1) and z-axis backrest vibration (Experiment 2) with four backrest inclinations (0°, 30°, 60°, and 90° from vertical). The third experiment investigated discomfort with vertical seat pan vibration and five backrest conditions (no backrest and backrest inclined to 0°, 30°, 60°, and 90°). With x-axis vibration of the back, inclining the backrest had similar effects on thresholds and equivalent comfort contours. Thresholds increased at frequencies from 4 to 8 Hz with increasing inclination of the backrest. With inclined backrests, 40% greater magnitudes of vibration were required from 4 to 8 Hz, to cause discomfort equivalent to that with the upright backrest. Frequency weighting Wc in current standards predicted discomfort and perception of x-axis vibration of the upright backrest (0°) but weighting Wb was more appropriate for inclined backrests. Frequency weighting Wd was appropriate for both discomfort and perception of z-axis vibration of the back at all backrest inclinations. With vertical seat acceleration, the frequency of greatest sensitivity decreased with increasing vibration magnitude. Compared to an upright backrest, around the main resonance of the body the vibration magnitudes required to cause similar discomfort were 100% greater with 60° and 90° backrest inclinations and 50% greater with a 30° backrest inclination. The fourth experiment investigated whole-body vertical vibration on a rigid seat with no backrest and with four backrest inclinations. With an inclined backrest, discomfort caused by high frequency vibration increased at the head or neck but discomfort at the head or neck caused by low frequencies (5 and 6.3 Hz) reduced. With inclined backrests, the procedures in current standards overestimate overall discomfort at frequencies around 5 and 6.3 Hz but underestimate discomfort caused by frequencies greater than about 8 Hz. The final experiment investigated a model for predicting vibration discomfort with three compliant reclined seats. At each frequency, the measured seat dynamic discomfort, MSDD (the ratio of the vibration acceleration required to cause similar discomfort with a compliant seat and a rigid reference seat), was compared with seat effective amplitude transmissibility, SEAT value (the ratio of overall ride values with a compliant seat and a rigid reference seat using the weightings in current standards). The compliant seats increased vibration discomfort at frequencies around the 4-Hz resonance but reduced vibration discomfort at frequencies greater than about 6.3 Hz. The SEAT values provided appropriate indications of how the foam increased vibration discomfort at some frequencies but decreased vibration discomfort at other frequencies. Differences between the SEAT values and the measured seat dynamic discomfort are consistent with the need for different frequency weightings when the body is supported by an inclined backrest. An empirical model was evolved from the experiments for predicting vibration discomfort with reclined seats. It is concluded that reclining a backrest will tend to be detrimental at frequencies greater than about 10 Hz with greater discomfort in the head or neck induced by vibration of the backrest. At frequencies around 5 and 6.3 Hz, reclining a backrest can reduce discomfort.
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Alhajj, Assaf Salim. "Innovative nanostructured textiles for thermal comfort." Thesis, Lille 1, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LIL1I012.
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Au cours des dix dernières années, les nanostructures photoniques ont représenté un paradigme pour le contrôle des radiations thermiques, offrant un panel de propriétés passionnantes pour les applications énergétiques. En raison de leurs capacités à contrôler et à gérer les ondes électromagnétiques à l'échelle de la longueur d'onde dans l’infrarouge moyen (Mid-IR), les nanostructures photoniques ont démontré leur capacité à gérer les propriétés des radiations thermiques d'une manière radicalement différente des émetteurs thermiques conventionnels. Les progrès fondamentaux du contrôle du rayonnement thermique ont conduit à différentes applications dans le domaine de l'énergie, comme les dispositifs thermophotovoltaïques ou à travers le concept de refroidissement radiatif diurne pour diminuer passivement la température des installations terrestres. Récemment, un autre domaine d'application est apparu dans le contrôle du rayonnement thermique, avec l'introduction de nanostructures photoniques dans les textiles. Le but de la thèse est d’étudier différentes membranes photoniques passives qui modulent le rayonnement optique du corps humain dans l’IR moyen pour assurer la thermorégulation individuelle. Pour cela, nous avons étudié les propriétés optiques de membranes polymères, en fonction de leur structuration. Nous avons montré que la membrane photonique est capable de moduler l'amplitude de transmission de 28% au profit ou au dépend de l'absorption et de la réflexion. Nous avons déterminé le bilan thermique entre le corps humain et le milieu environnant à travers la membrane photonique, en tenant compte des mécanismes de rayonnement, de convection et de conduction. Nous avons trouvé que la température de la peau est supérieure de presque 2 °C lorsque le corps humain est revêtu d'une membrane photonique structurée. Cette étude a été réalisée à partir de calculs analytiques et de codes de simulation numérique par la méthode des éléments finis (FEM). L’étude numérique a été accompagnée par des expériences de fabrication en salle blanche à l’IEMN et de caractérisation par spectroscopie infra rouge (FTIR) à l’école d’ingénieur HEIFor the past ten years, photonic nanostructures have represented a paradigm for the control of thermal radiations, offering a panel of exciting properties for energy applications. Because of their abilities to control and manage electromagnetic waves at the Mid-Infrared (Mid-IR) wavelength scale, photonic nanostructures demonstrate their ability to manage thermal radiations properties in a way drastically different from conventional thermal emitters. The fundamental advances in controlling thermal radiation led to different applications in the energy domain, as thermo photovoltaic devices or through the concept of daytime radiative cooling to passively decrease the temperature of terrestrial structures. Recently, another field of application has appeared in the thermal radiation control, with the introduction of photonic nanostructures in textiles for personal thermoregulation. The goal of the thesis is to study different passive photonic membranes that modulate the human body optical radiations in the Mid-IR for personal thermoregulation. We have investigated the optical properties of different polymer membranes, considering the effect of their structuration. We showed that a photonic crystal membrane is able to modulate the transmission coefficient by 28% in benefit or deficit of both the absorption and reflection. We analyzed the thermal balance between the human body and the indoor environment through the photonic membrane, considering the radiation, convection and conduction mechanisms. We found that the temperature of the skin is almost 2°C higher when the human body is clothed with a structured membrane. The study was carried out on analytical calculations and numerical simulation with the help of the finite element method (FEM). The numerical study was supported by experiments in fabrication in the IEMN cleaning room and in characterization by infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) at the HEI engineering school
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Ali, Maryam Byrne Mark E. "Therapeutic contact lenses for comfort molecules." Auburn, Ala., 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10415/1334.
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Lopez, Mary J. "COMFORT FACTORS IN GIRLS' VOLLEYBALL SHIRTS." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/275387.
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Boberg, Sofia, and Tove Fredrikson. "Child Comfort in Rear Seats of Cars : A seating comfort study of how to improve and evaluate older children’s perceived comfort when riding on a belt-positioning booster." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Maskinkonstruktion, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-139226.
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During the last couple of years several studies have been conducted to investigate how children move and position during car rides. This in order to map when, and for how long children sit in positions that are not safe as well as to identify the reason for these movements. One of the conclusions is that children do not always sit comfortable in today’s belt-positioning boosters and thereby they chose positions that are unwanted for safety reasons. The aim for the master thesis has thereby been to improve seating comfort for children while traveling safely in the rear seat of a car. The target group has been children in ages 5-11 years old with body height 110-145 cm, a Swedish population 50 percentile has been used for the extreme dimensions. The master thesis process is divided in three phases; Discovery, Development and Testing and Evaluation. In the Discovery phase information in the areas child safety, child methodology and comfort was gathered through literature study, interviews with experts, benchmarking and a focus group with parents. As a final step customer needs were formulated. In the Development phase a workshop with children was initially performed to complement the customer needs with inputs from the users. The customer needs were afterwards reformulated into a specification of requirements and five comfort hypotheses. Finally a prototype was developed, designed from the requirements with the purpose to validate the comfort hypotheses, using an anthropometric design method (Osvalder, et al., 2010). In the final phase, Testing and Evaluation, the prototype and reference belt-positioning boosters were evaluated by children in two user studies; one static study and one on road study, to evaluate comfort features and try out different seating comfort evaluation methods. The result is divided into child seating comfort characteristics and child seating comfort methodology guidelines. To assist future development of belt-positioning boosters, seven comfort features are defined to help children ride comfortable in a safe position in the car. Furthermore, 13 child methodology guidelines are formulated to help further seating comfort evaluation with children. Conclusively to make children sit comfortable and safe positioned in the car they should be seated in a belt-positioning booster with headrest, backrest, seat cushion and foot support, the supporting parts need to be perceived as soft around head, back and under the buttock and all parts need to be dimensioned for all children in the target group. The size of the belt-positioning booster and the combination of foam thickness, foam hardness and shape are the main factors for affecting the perceived seating comfort. Furthermore, children shall be included as both design partners and testers during the development of belt-positioning boosters. During the prototype development static comfort evaluation with children should be done repeatedly to verify measurements, shape and foam hardness. To evaluate comfort both static evaluation and on road evaluation should be performed since comfort varies over time. Data should be collected subjectively from children through quantitative methods, such as rating scales, and qualitative methods, such as general questions regarding comfort/discomfort experience. Video observations can identify children’s position during car rides. Different positions can be timed and together with subjective data reasons for repositioning can be identified.
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Roetzel, Astrid [Verfasser]. "Balancing comfort expectations and greenhouse gas emissions : thermal comfort in office buildings in a changing climate / Astrid Roetzel." Hamburg : Informations- und Medienzentrum der HafenCity Universität Hamburg, 2009. http://d-nb.info/1005070083/34.
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Failla, Serena. "Comfort e sicurezza stradale dei monopattini elettrici." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2021. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/22392/.
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Questo lavoro si pone come obiettivo il comfort e la sicurezza stradale del monopattino elettrico. In particolare si propone di esaminare le prestazioni meccaniche del monopattino elettrico e verificare la congruenza delle caratteristiche dichiarate dal produttore, di verificare il livello di comfort nell’utilizzo su varie tipologie di superficie e per ultimo verificare la problematica della stabilità di guida a velocità stabilizzata, poiché esiste una pulsazione critica che porta al distacco della ruota dal suolo, perdita di aderenza e di conseguenza la caduta dell’utente. L’attenzione è caduta principalmente su questi punti perché attraverso una ricerca e un’analisi sui sinistri stradali si è potuto verificare che solo una piccola percentuale coinvolge veicoli in movimento, mentre la maggior parte dei sinistri stradali si sono verificati per il carattere disomogeneo delle superfici (buche, irregolarità della pavimentazione, presenza di infrastrutture come marciapiedi, pali, recensioni), tutti incidenti autonomi, senza coinvolgimento di terze persone. Per questo ho deciso di approfondire un particolare aspetto che è quello della sinistrosità indotta dalle irregolarità stradali.
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Brunes, Sebastian. "Apartment Barges : Aa Comfort and Safety Analysis." Thesis, KTH, Aeronautical and Vehicle Engineering, 2003. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-11035.
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This report presents the results of a study of the comfort and safety concerning apartment barges. The most common discomforts are due to vertical and lateral accelerations and high roll angles which are thorough described. A rough risk analysis for apartment barges is performed. If a certain risk is high and it is impossible to eliminate or reduce the probabilities of occurrence, precautions to minimise the consequences are described. The iterative planning process described briefly below is used on the two example projects: Bällstaviken and Pampas Marina.
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Erol, Tugra. "The Visual Perception Of Automobile Seat Comfort." Master's thesis, METU, 2006. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/2/12607768/index.pdf.
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The visual domain design constitutes the general designers communication basis for communicating messages of product attributes. In the design of an automobile seat where mainly the accommodating functions remain constant, an automobile seat&rsquos &ldquo
style&rdquo
affords the ability to provide certain meanings with affective connotations. Treating style aesthetics as a source of information, the communication of &ldquo
comfort&rdquo
can be provided via forms and other attributes. The literature provides strong evidence that comfort is related with aesthetics of any object in use, especially creating expectations towards the product. The &ldquo
Aesthetics of comfort&rdquo
can be explained as a variable intensity &ldquo
feeling&rdquo
or &ldquo
attitude&rdquo
regarding an entity of factors or characteristics of a multidimensional construct. Implemented by different layouts and cues, the consumer should be assisted in understanding the qualities of an automobile seat, such as comfort. As a result of the field study conducted, significant difference was found to exist in between the perception of visual comfort three production seat designs. A positive attitude about comfort towards an automobile seat was found to be influential in positively effecting the perception of seated comfort.
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Thiele, Kris. "Political correctness and comfort with language use." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape10/PQDD_0006/MQ42696.pdf.
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Strandemar, Katrin. "On Objective Measures for Ride Comfort Evaluation." Licentiate thesis, Stockholm, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-490.
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Cascioli, Vincenzo. "Objective assessment of sitting comfort and discomfort." Thesis, University of South Wales, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.575496.
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How do you know if the chair you are sitting on is comfortable or not?", is a question I asked my young son ol)e day, to which he replied, "just sit on it and see if it's comfortable!" Counting on his fingers, he ended with "Seriously, Dad, I could have done your PhD in 9 words!" Although measuring sitting comfort using subjective measures (comfort rating questionnaires) appears to be an intuitive, practical and cost effective method, it does have some limitations. For example, with purely subjective feedback it is difficult to reliably distinguish and rank well designed chairs with subtle design differences in terms of their comfort rating. From a chair designer or user perspective, if an objective, valid, sensitive and reliable method was available to assist in the design of the most comfortable seat, it would allow for better informed decisions to-be made about chair design factors that may in turn impact on innovation and ultimately user health. In terms of possible objective measures that warranted further investigation, in-chair movement (or lack thereof), temperature and humidity appeared to show most potential due to their roles within the current models of comfort and discomfort. For example, in-chair movements are understood to be a subconscious action performed to prevent or minimize the perception of discomfort. A lack of in- chair movements in a healthy unrestrained person may therefore be consistent with the existence of comfort. The studies presented in Chapters 2, 3, 4 focuses on the effects of specific chair design factors (legroom, cushion firmness, cushion contour) on in-chair movement and the subjective appreciation of comfort and discomfort. A high temperature or humidity at the user seat interface may result in the softening of the tissues in contact with the seat with the potential for macerative damage, skin or deeper tissue nociceptor stimulation and discomfort. In order to study the possible relationships between such physical modalities and the subjective domains of comfort and discomfort, it is therefore important to determine the number of sensors needed and the location for their placement in order to accurately measure these variables at the user-seat interface. The studies presented in Chapters 5 and 6 focus on the minimum number of sensors required and their placement, in orderto accurately assess temperature and humidity at the user-seat interface.
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Matthews, Jane. "Thermal comfort in the havelis of Jaisalmer." Thesis, University of East London, 2000. http://roar.uel.ac.uk/1252/.
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This thesis provides a detailed case study of the havelis of Jaisalmer, Rajasthan. Jaisalmer was selected as the study area not only because of the abundance and richness of the havelis in this region, but also because of the extreme nature of the climate in and around the area. In addition, the haveli has the added advantage of being a high-density urban form; economically and ecologically significant in the context of India's rapidly expanding urban population and associated energy and environmental crisis. Environmental data was collected in and around two havelis within the fort, over a period of twelve months, focusing on the larger of the two monitored buildings, Hotel Suraj. In addition a short transverse comfort survey was conducted on the streets of Jaislamer, and subsequently evaluated in the wider context of accepted adaptive model comfort prediction equations. The results of the survey are applied to the assessment of the collected environmental data, in terms of predicted occupant thermal comfort. The relationship between indoor and outdoor temperature is examined in detail and an attempt made to develop indoor temperature prediction equations for each of four long term monitored zones in Hotel Suraj. With all results revealing mass as the governing factor for the modification of climate in the havelis, a substantial portion of this thesis is subsequently focused on developing methodologies for determining the decrement factor and time lag of indoor zones in relation to outdoors. A new finding is the impossibility of a shift in daily temperature cycle of more than 6 hours (or 0.25 of the cycle frequency). Considerable effort has been expended on the visual presentation of data for this study. This has involved the development of two stand-alone computer programs for the presentation of thermal data, included on the CD at the end of this thesis.
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Smith, J. E. "The evaluation and optimization of sensorial comfort." Thesis, University of Salford, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.381736.
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Mallick, Fuad Hassan. "Thermal comfort for urban housing in Bangladesh." Thesis, Open University, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.239724.
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Garcia-Souto, M. d. Pilar. "Temperature and comfort monitoring systems for humans." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 2012. http://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/2682.
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Thermoregulation system and human body responses, both physiological (i.e. skin and core temperature) and psychological (thermal sensation and thermal comfort), have been of considerable interest to researchers. However, while reactions to extreme conditions are well understood and explained, there is a considerable knowledge gap for mild temperature range adaptation. Previous research focused on the whole body response, while local analysis is more appropriate for a new generation of intelligent thermal control systems such as needed in planes. Furthermore majority of previous studies were carried out predominantly on mannequins or with subjects placed in highly controlled lab chambers, hence adaptations in normal shared spaces is not investigated in sufficient depth. In addition, no study investigated infants’ temperature adaptation. This thesis describes the comprehensive study of the human temperature distribution in selected areas, both for adults and infants under the age of 2. Furthermore, variation of core and local skin temperature, thermal sensation and level of comfort due to long periods of inactivity were also investigated in adults. These studies have set the basis for the development of temperature monitoring systems. The first monitoring system specific to children under 2 provides fever detection based on skin temperature measurement. It was developed for a Spanish textile company (AITEX), and it is a patent under consideration. The second system monitors level of comfort and thermal sensation of adults in indoor environments. The system is based on pre-existing statistical studies and Fanger’s steady-state model. It adapts to the individual while analysing real time skin temperature distribution, and identifies.
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GALLAGHER, IRIS MASSENA. "THE KANGAROO GENERATION: BETWEEN COMFORT AND HELPLESSNESS." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2013. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=28996@1.
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PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIROCOORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DO PESSOAL DE ENSINO SUPERIOR
PROGRAMA DE SUPORTE À PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO DE INSTS. DE ENSINO
O fenômeno do prolongamento da convivência familiar pode ser compreendido como uma forma de organização familiar que responde à instabilidade do contexto atual. O jovem contemporâneo convive com a ausência de segurança no campo profissional e afetivo, encontrando suporte na vida em família. Assim, ele se depara com o contraste entre o desamparo do mundo lá fora e o conforto na casa da família, uma vez que esta tem oferecido cada vez mais diálogo entre os membros. Esta dissertação tem como objetivo investigar as motivações, os obstáculos, a vida profissional, a vida afetiva e os planos para o futuro dos jovens adultos que moram com os pais. Para isto, recorremos ao campo da psicologia, da psicanálise, da sociologia e da história. Utilizamos metodologia qualitativa e entrevista semi-estruturada, que contemplou temas relevantes, relativos ao prolongamento da convivência familiar. Entrevistamos 8 sujeitos das camadas médias da população carioca, com idades entre 26 e 35 anos e que moram com os pais. Verificamos que os sujeitos destacam como vantagens de viver com os pais a questão econômica, a organização, a praticidade, o diálogo e o alento. Como desvantagens, eles apontam para a falta de privacidade e o sentimento de não pertença à casa da família. A vida profissional dos sujeitos é marcada por experiências de curto prazo e pelo medo em relação ao futuro. Porém, alguns sujeitos buscam no emprego público a garantia de uma vida mais estável. Já a vida amorosa dos entrevistados, é caracterizada principalmente pela flexibilidade dos laços amorosos. O quadro instável da atualidade, enfim, produz medo e insegurança nos sujeitos. Constatamos que diante dessa realidade, é comum que o jovem evite fazer planos para o futuro a fim de proteger-se contra possíveis frustrações.
The phenomenon of delayed home-leaving can be understood as a new family structure that responds to the instability of the current context. The contemporary youth cope with the lack of security in their professional and emotional lives, and find support in family life. Thus, they face the contrast between the helplessness of the outside world and the comfort of the family home, since contemporary families tend to have an open dialogue. This study aims to investigate the motivations, obstacles, professional life, emotional life, and plans for the future of young adults living with their parents. To this end, we turned to the fields of psychology, psychoanalysis, sociology and history. Qualitative method and semi-structured interview were used, which included relevant issues concerning the phenomenon of delayed home-leaving. The subjects of our study were 8 middle class adults living with their parents in Rio de Janeiro, between the ages of 26 and 35. We found that the subjects highlight the economic issues, organization, practicality, dialogue, and support as advantages of living with their parents. As disadvantages, they point out the lack of privacy, and feeling that they do not belong to the family home. Their professional lives are characterized by short-term employment and fear of the future. However, some subjects seek public employment to ensure a more stable life. Yet, the love life of interviewees is characterized primarily by the frailty of bonds. The instability of our time produces insecurity and fear in the subjects. We verified that given this reality, it is common for young adults to avoid making plans for the future in order to protect themselves from potential frustrations.
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Latortue, Cynthia (Cynthia Pascale). "Cushion comfort constraint : choreographing infrastructures of mobility." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/72966.
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Thesis (S.B.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Architecture, 2012.This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.
Page 70 blank. Cataloged from student-submitted PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 69).
Surface in the city is scarce. As a typical day in the city progresses, the inhabitants' surface demands transform. A children's playground goes unused at night, the valuable surface should be re-adapted for an alternative use, say a parking space for the neighborhoods drivers. This project seeks to transform the urban surface of the city, by deploying variable mobile autonomous infrastructures. The furnitures are programmed to be responsive to the temporal demands of the current city. They change position and rearrange themselves for the three major episodes of daily life, Morning and Afternoon, Commute, and Evening. Physically the furnitures transform the city surface. Mobility in neighborhoods is dictated by their placement and type. Consequently the furniture's placement is dependent on a neighborhood's profile. The mobile infrastructures are capable of providing a safety buffer from traffic, creating new major transportation routes, and creating a new temporary program to a space. For example, a schoolyard in the Morning and Afternoon, would be protected from traffic by a buffer of infrastructures on the exterior perimeter. Meanwhile mobile sandboxes, sports fields, etc. occupy the interior pocket of space created. The urban surface is also marked by a social transformation. This model reinforces building boundaries as private space, and any exterior surface (backyard, driveway, alley, street, sidewalk, parking lot, etc.) as inhabiting the public realm. Thusly the city is left available as social space, which is constantly adapting to inhabitants needs.
by Cynthia Latortue.
S.B.
46
Corbridge, Colin. "Vibration in vehicles : its effect on comfort." Thesis, University of Southampton, 1987. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/52265/.
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Fasahat, F., R. Dastjerdi, and M. R. M. Mojtahedi. "Thermophysiological Comfort by PA6/TiO2 Nanocomposite Yarns." Thesis, Sumy State University, 2013. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/35603.
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Thermophysiological comfort is one of the most important factors for people to choose desirable gar-ments, which can be evaluated via measuring permeability of body heat and sweat. In this paper the water vapor permeability of nanocomposite nylon 6 fabrics produced from melt spun nanocomposite yarns with different TiO2 nanoparticle concentrations have been investigated. Results from measuring water vapor permeability at different environment temperatures for 4 h. indicated that sample with 0.4 wt% of TiO2 nanoparticle can provide fabric with maximum comfort properties. At low temperature 27.5% decline of permeability as compared to pure fabric causes this sample to protect body from cool weather through pre-venting loss of body heat. By increasing temperature from 12 to 35 oC water vapor permeability enhance-ment of nanocomposite improved about 99% as compared to pure one. Consequently nanocomposite with suitable nanoparticle content can provide more comfortable fabrics in different temperatures and applica-tions.
When you are citing the document, use the following link http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/35603
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Egan, Ann. "Stress relief by 'comfort food' in females." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin150998365465551.
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Kubaha, Kuskana. "Asymmetric radiant fields and human thermal comfort." Thesis, De Montfort University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/2086/13269.
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The main purpose of this thesis was to develop a first principles model for predicting human local thermal comfort responses to asymmetric radiation environments. The research deployed state-of-the-art computer simulation techniques to model in detail inhomogeneous short-wave and long-wave radiative heat exchanges of standing and sedentary humans. Detailed 3D human geometry models, simulation software incorporating advanced, voxelbased ray techniques and statistical regression analysis were used to accurately model human local geometry-related characteristics, i.e. projected area factors with respect to both direct and diffuse solar radiation, and view factors for individual parts of the human body. The local projected area factors with respect to direct short-wave radiation (fp,dir) were presented as functions of the solar azimuth angle (α) between 0° < α < 360° and the solar altitude (β) angles between -90° < β < +90°. In case of diffuse solar radiation from the isotropic sky the local human projected area factors (fp,dif) were modelled as a function of the ground albedo (Pg) ranging between 0 < Pg < 1. The functions were validated against available experimental data and showed good general agreement with projected area factors measured for both the human body as a whole and for local quantities. The view factors of individual body parts were modelled as functions of local projected area factors. This technique makes it possible to predict view factors between individual body parts and surrounding surfaces for almost any arbitrary geometrical configurations. Validation showed good agreement with available experimental data for both standing and sedentary humans. The detailed projected area factors and view factors developed were used in conjunction with the IESD-Fiala multi-node model of human heat transfer and thermal comfort to predict thermal responses of subjects exposed to various asymmetric radiation conditions. The extended model showed good agreement with available measured data obtained for frontal, lateral, horizontal and vertical thermal radiation asymmetries as well as for direct solar radiation. A new comfort model was developed using physiological parameters which predicts human local responses to asymmetric radiation in terms of percentage of dissatisfied due to local discomfort. Both local cold discomfort (LCD) and local warm discomfort (LWD) which are based on different physiological principles - were modelled as two separate responses. LCD was found to be a function of the sensitivity-weighted local skin temperature as related to the actual general thermal state of the human body described by the mean skin temperature. LWD was modelled as an exclusive function of local influences, i.e. the (sensitivity-weighted) local skin temperatures and the corresponding local setpoint values (referring to skin temperatures in a thermo-neutral environment of 30°C). The new model was verified and validated using various experiments in which the subjects were exposed to different types of asymmetric radiation conditions. The test showed good/acceptable level of agreement with measured data regarding the percentage of dissatisfied due to local discomfort, the location on the body where discomfort was perceived, as well as the dynamics of the local response (i.e. time dependence). The new comfort model was linked with a building simulation program to predict thermal comfort conditions in buildings. A computational procedure was developed to enable this in conjunction with ESP-r which is one of the most well known building simulation programs. The new link enables researchers to perform detailed thermal comfort analysis and occupant implications of the dynamic climate conditions in buildings with daily, monthly, seasonal and annual statistics, and facilitates to quantify the thermal comfort implications of different building designs and individual constructions.
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Kazkaz, Mohammad. "Compact Sensors for Evaluation the Thermal Comfort." Doctoral thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-364619.
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Teplota vzduchu je nejčastěji používaná k posouzení tepelného stavu vnitřního prostředí. Avšak teplota vzduchu sama o sobě, je v mnoha případech pro toto posouzení nedostatečná. Hlavním cílem disertační práce je vyhodnotit tepelný stav vnitřního prostředí a specifikovat parametry, které na něj mají vliv. Teplota vzduchu, střední radiantní teplota, rychlost vzduchu a vlhkost vzduchu jsou čtyři základní parametry, které určují tepelný stav vnitřního prostředí. Vzhledem k tomu, že tepelný stav prostředí závisí na mnoha aspektech, byly odvozeny veličiny, které zahrnují kombinovaný účinek několika nebo všech těchto parametrů k určení tepelného stavu prostředí. Jedná se např. o efektivní teplotu, teplotu kulového teploměru, operativní teplotu, ekvivalentní teplotu, PMV a PPD indexy... aj. V dnešní době existuje spousta vysoce přesných senzorů, které mohou zhodnotit tepelný stav vnitřního prostředí. Z důvodu jejich vysoké ceny jsou používané převážně pro účely výzkumu. Předkládaná práce se převážně soustředí na vývoj kompaktního deskového senzoru pro vyhodnocení tepelného stavu vnitřního prostředí. Zaměřuje se hlavně na nízkou cenu senzoru společně s dostatečnou přesností. K dosažení cíle této práce jsou provedeny následující postupy: • Analýza environmentálních faktorů ovlivňujících tepelný stav prostředí. • Studium dopadu teploty vzduchu, střední radiantní teploty a rychlosti proudění vzduchu na tepelné indexy: teplotu kulového teploměru a operativní teplotu. • Teoretické porovnání teploty kulového teploměru a operativní teploty. • Navržení, rozvoj a konstrukce nového deskového senzoru pro posouzení tepelného stavu vnitřního prostředí. • Navržení a konstrukce testovací komory pro porovnávání senzorů tepelného stavu prostředí. • Kalibrace zkonstruovaného senzoru měřením fyzikálních veličin charakterizujících tepelný stav prostředí. • Testy směrové závislosti vyvinutého deskového senzoru a porovnání s kulovým teploměrem v testovací komoře. • Srovnání teoretických řešení s provedenými měřeními v testovací komoře. Výsledkem této práce je vlastní teoretické srovnání teploty kulového teploměru a operativní teploty ve vybraném rozsahu teploty vzduchu, střední radiantní teploty a rychlosti vzduchu pro možnost hodnocení tepelného stavu vnitřního prostředí pomocí kulového teploměru. Hlavním výstupem je však navržení a zhotovení jednoduchého deskového senzoru, který by byl dostatečně přesný pro měření tepelného stavu prostředí. V rámci disertace byla postavena také testovací komora a bylo provedeno testování vyvinutého senzoru pomocí měřicího systému INNOVA.