Relevant bibliographies by topics / Combinational speech

Academic literature on the topic 'Combinational speech'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 28 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Combinational speech"

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JAFARI, AYYOOB, and FARSHAD ALMASGANJ. "USING NONLINEAR MODELING OF RECONSTRUCTED PHASE SPACE AND FREQUENCY DOMAIN ANALYSIS TO IMPROVE AUTOMATIC SPEECH RECOGNITION PERFORMANCE." International Journal of Bifurcation and Chaos 22, no. 03 (March 2012): 1250053. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218127412500538.

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This paper introduces a combinational feature extraction approach to improve speech recognition systems. The main idea is to simultaneously benefit from some features obtained from nonlinear modeling applied to speech reconstructed phase space (RPS) and typical Mel frequency Cepstral coefficients (MFCCs) which have a proved role in speech recognition field. With an appropriate dimension, the reconstructed phase space of speech signal is assured to be topologically equivalent to the dynamics of the speech production system, and could therefore include information that may be absent in linear analysis approaches. In the first part of this paper the application of Lyapunov Exponents (LE) and Fractal Dimension as two usual chaotic features in speech recognition are tested and then a short discussion is made on the weakness of these features in speech recognition. In the following, a statistical modeling approach based on Gaussian mixture models (GMMs) is applied to speech RPS. A final pruned feature set is obtained by applying an efficient feature selection approach to the combination of the parameters of the GMM model and MFCC-based features. A hidden Markov model-based (HMM) speech recognition system and TIMIT speech database are used to evaluate the performance of the proposed feature set by conducting isolated and continuous speech recognition experiments. In final Continuous Speech Recognition (CSR) Experiments, using tri-phone models, 3.7% absolute phoneme recognition accuracy improvement against using MFCC features alone were obtained.
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Bhowmik, Tanmay, Nan Niu, Juha Savolainen, and Anas Mahmoud. "Leveraging topic modeling and part-of-speech tagging to support combinational creativity in requirements engineering." Requirements Engineering 20, no. 3 (April 28, 2015): 253–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00766-015-0226-2.

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Lin, Yumeng, and Songqi Li. "Children’s Early Acquisition of Syntactic Category: A Corpus-Based Analysis of English Determiner-Noun Combinational Flexibility." International Journal of English Linguistics 12, no. 5 (October 24, 2022): 78. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ijel.v12n5p78.

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While the generativist account posits that an abstract specification of syntactic categories is innate and children show adult-like performance from an early stage, the constructivist account postulates that children’s early acquisition of grammatical categories is item-based and reflects limited rules later. The present study tests these assumptions in a specific category, the English determiners. More specifically, we took the controlled measures of overlap (e.g., the use of definite article the and indefinite articles a/an before the same noun type) in 16 children and their mothers’ spontaneous speech as an indicator of determiner-noun combinational flexibility. A series of three studies were conducted, in which we strictly controlled the impact of differences between children and adults in lexical knowledge. In Study 1 and Study 2, we find that children’s use of determiners shows a significant difference from adults but this difference disappeared later. Furthermore, Study 3 investigates the influence of external environment with birth order and family’s social class as factors and emphasizes that the input factor is worthy of further investigation in future studies. These findings are consistent with one of the constructivist claims, namely that children’s early acquisition of determiners is not category-based and their flexibility in using determiners gradually approximates that of adults with development.
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Lin, Yumeng, and Songqi Li. "Children’s Early Acquisition of Syntactic Category: A Corpus-Based Analysis of English Determiner-Noun Combinational Flexibility." International Journal of English Linguistics 12, no. 6 (October 24, 2022): 78. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ijel.v12n6p78.

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While the generativist account posits that an abstract specification of syntactic categories is innate and children show adult-like performance from an early stage, the constructivist account postulates that children’s early acquisition of grammatical categories is item-based and reflects limited rules later. The present study tests these assumptions in a specific category, the English determiners. More specifically, we took the controlled measures of overlap (e.g., the use of definite article the and indefinite articles a/an before the same noun type) in 16 children and their mothers’ spontaneous speech as an indicator of determiner-noun combinational flexibility. A series of three studies were conducted, in which we strictly controlled the impact of differences between children and adults in lexical knowledge. In Study 1 and Study 2, we find that children’s use of determiners shows a significant difference from adults but this difference disappeared later. Furthermore, Study 3 investigates the influence of external environment with birth order and family’s social class as factors and emphasizes that the input factor is worthy of further investigation in future studies. These findings are consistent with one of the constructivist claims, namely that children’s early acquisition of determiners is not category-based and their flexibility in using determiners gradually approximates that of adults with development.
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Lu, Junfeng, Zehao Zhao, Jie Zhang, Bin Wu, Yanming Zhu, Edward F. Chang, Jinsong Wu, Hugues Duffau, and Mitchel S. Berger. "Functional maps of direct electrical stimulation-induced speech arrest and anomia: a multicentre retrospective study." Brain 144, no. 8 (April 1, 2021): 2541–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/brain/awab125.

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Abstract Direct electrical stimulation, the transient ‘lesional’ method probing brain function, has been utilized in identifying the language cortex and preserving language function during epilepsy and neuro-oncological surgeries for about a century. However, comparison of functional maps of the language cortex across languages/continents based on cortical stimulation remains unclear. We conducted a retrospective multicentre study including four cohorts of direct electrical stimulation mapping from four centres across three continents, where three indigenous languages (English, French and Mandarin) are spoken. All subjects performed the two most common language tasks: number counting and picture naming during stimulation. All language sites were recorded and normalized to the same brain template. Next, Spearman’s correlation analysis was performed to explore the consistency of the distributions of the language cortex across centres, a kernel density estimation to localize the peak coordinates, and a hierarchical cluster analysis was performed to detect the crucial epicenters. A total of 598 subjects with 917 speech arrest sites (complete interruption of ongoing counting) and 423 anomia sites (inability to name or misnaming) were included. Different centres presented highly consistent distribution patterns for speech arrest (Spearman’s coefficient r ranged from 0.60 to 0.85, all pair-wise correlations P < 0.05), and similar patterns for anomia (Spearman’s coefficient r ranged from 0.37 to 0.80). The combinational speech arrest map was divided into four clusters: cluster 1 mainly located in the ventral precentral gyrus and pars opercularis, which contained the peak of speech arrest in the ventral precentral gyrus; cluster 2 in the ventral and dorsal precentral gyrus; cluster 3 in the supplementary motor area; cluster 4 in the posterior superior temporal gyrus and supramarginal gyrus. The anomia map revealed two clusters: one was in the posterior part of the superior and middle temporal gyri, which peaked at the posterior superior temporal gyrus; and the other within the inferior frontal gyrus, peaked at the pars triangularis. This study constitutes the largest series to date of language maps generated from direct electrical stimulation mapping. The consistency of data provides evidence for common language networks across languages, in the context of both speech and naming circuit. Our results not only clinically offer an atlas for language mapping and protection, but also scientifically provide better insight into the functional organization of language networks.
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Xu, Li, Teresa A. Zwolan, Catherine S. Thompson, and Bryan E. Pfingst. "Efficacy of a Cochlear Implant Simultaneous Analog Stimulation Strategy Coupled with a Monopolar Electrode Configuration." Annals of Otology, Rhinology & Laryngology 114, no. 11 (November 2005): 886–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000348940511401113.

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Objectives: The present study was performed to evaluate the efficacy and clinical feasibility of using monopolar stimulation with the Clarion Simultaneous Analog Stimulation (SAS) strategy in patients with cochlear implants. Methods: Speech recognition by 10 Clarion cochlear implant users was evaluated by means of 4 different speech processing strategy/electrode configuration combinations; ie, SAS and Continuous Interleaved Sampling (CIS) strategies were each used with monopolar (MP) and bipolar (BP) electrode configurations. The test measures included consonants, vowels, consonant-nucleus-consonant words, and Hearing in Noise Test sentences with a +10 dB signal-to-noise ratio. Additionally, subjective judgments of sound quality were obtained for each strategy/configuration combination. Results: All subjects but 1 demonstrated open-set speech recognition with the SAS/MP combination. The group mean Hearing in Noise Test sentence score for the SAS/MP combination was 31.6% (range, 0% to 92%) correct, as compared to 25.0%, 46.7%, and 37.8% correct for the CIS/BP, CIS/MP, and SAS/BP combinations, respectively. Intersubject variability was high, and there were no significant differences in mean speech recognition scores or mean preference ratings among the 4 strategy/configuration combinations tested. Individually, the best speech recognition performance was with the subject's everyday strategy/configuration combination in 72% of the applicable cases. If the everyday strategy was excluded from the analysis, the subjects performed best with the SAS/MP combination in 37.5% of the remaining cases. Conclusions: The SAS processing strategy with an MP electrode configuration gave reasonable speech recognition in most subjects, even though subjects had minimal previous experience with this strategy/configuration combination. The SAS/MP combination might be particularly appropriate for patients for whom a full dynamic range of electrical hearing could not be achieved with a BP configuration.
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Zhao, Ye. "A Pragmatic Analysis of Politeness and Impoliteness Theory in TikTok." Journal of Higher Education Research 3, no. 1 (February 26, 2022): 83. http://dx.doi.org/10.32629/jher.v3i1.661.

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Natural language is a combination of polite speech and impolite speech, while politeness is to behave in a decent and thoughtful manner towards other individuals, impoliteness shows people's contempt and dissatisfaction. As the Internet advances, impolite speech occurs increasingly. Thus, this research aims at furthering politeness and impoliteness analysis, then let people have a deeper understanding of polite and impolite speeches in an international short video platform — TikTok.
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Capobianco, Micaela, Elena Antinoro Pizzuto, and Antonella Devescovi. "Gesture–speech combinations and early verbal abilities." Interaction Studies 18, no. 1 (July 31, 2017): 55–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/is.18.1.03cap.

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This study provides new longitudinal evidence on two major types of gesture–speech combination that play different roles in children’s early language. We analysed the spontaneous production of 10 Italian children observed monthly from 10–12 to 23–25 months of age. We evaluated the extent to which the developmental trends observed in children’s early gesture–word and word–word productions can predict subsequent verbal abilities. The results indicate that “complementary” and “supplementary” gesture–speech combinations predict subsequent language development in a different manner: While the onset of “supplementary” combinations predicts the onset of two-word combinations, the use of “complementary” combinations at 12 and 18 months predicts the vocabulary and the ability to produce more words utterances at 2 years of age. Moreover, the results suggest that both “complementary” and “supplementary” crossmodal combinations are good predictive indexes of early verbal skills during the second year of age.
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Paglialonga, A., S. Fiocchi, M. Parazzini, P. Ravazzani, and G. Tognola. "Influence of tinnitus sound therapy signals on the intelligibility of speech." Journal of Laryngology & Otology 125, no. 8 (June 10, 2011): 795–801. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022215111000867.

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AbstractObjective:To assess the influence on speech intelligibility of various signals used in tinnitus sound therapy.Materials and methods:We measured, in normal hearing subjects, the intelligibility of speech in the presence of three different sound therapy signals: wide-band noise, a recording of moving water, and a combination of tones.Results:For a given level of stimulation, speech intelligibility was worst in the presence of wide-band noise, compared with the other sound therapy signals. When the stimulation level of the three different signals was increased, speech intelligibility deteriorated more rapidly with wide-band noise, compared with the other two signals. The combination of tones had the least influence on speech intelligibility.Conclusion:The use of different tinnitus sound therapy signals can lead to significantly different effects on the intelligibility of speech. The use of natural sound recordings or combinations of tones may provide the patient with more flexibility to change the stimulation level during treatment.
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Redkva, Andriy. "THE PHONOSEMANTIC FEATURES OF PUBLICISTIC TEXTS (ON THE BASIS OF SPEECHES OF GERMAN-SPEAKING POLITICIANS)." Germanic Philology Journal of Yuriy Fedkovych Chernivtsi National University, no. 831-832 (2021): 273–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.31861/gph2021.831-832.273-280.

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The research is based on the analysis of phonemic combinations – the study of initial consonant combinations in German with a single method taking into account all the basic parameters of phonosemantics. The language sounds are connected to the non-sound imagery. The consciousness of speakers reflects the objectively existing patterns in a sound system of the language. Not only the reflections but also the facts of the speakers’ consciousness are significant for the research. The paper is dedicated to the research of the German phonemic word combinations (e.g. phonesthemes [bl-], [br-], [dr-], [fl-], [fr-], [gl-], [gn-]…, the total number is 29 units), and the material of the research is speeches of German politicians (Angela Merkel and Joachim Gauck) and Austrian politicians (Alexander Van der Bellen and Heinz Fischer). For the research, a sample of 30 speeches of each politician, which embraced different topics, was conducted. The total number of the word usage was determined in every speech. The speeches bring up such subjects, which make an average citizen anxious, as “war”, “economics”, “culture” and “politics”. The detected phonemic vocabulary was initially processed in separate speeches, and then this same phonemic vocabulary was processed in accordance with the topic to which a certain speech belongs. Then, speeches according to their subject, idea, and influence on a listener were grouped in relation to their emotional and connotative perception on the scale of "evaluation". They were divided into positive, negative and neutral. In the study, it was discovered which exactly the phonetic vocabulary is considered to be either positive or negative, and how it affects the perception of speech in general. It was also determined which phonesthemes are more commonly used in publicistic texts.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Combinational speech"

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TAKEDA, Kazuya, Seiichi NAKAGAWA, Yuya HATTORI, Norihide KITAOKA, and Makoto SAKAI. "Evaluation of Combinational Use of Discriminant Analysis-Based Acoustic Feature Transformation and Discriminative Training." Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/14968.

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Zolnay, András. "Acoustic feature combination for speech recognition." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2006. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=982202156.

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Cook, G. D. "Data selection and model combination in connectionist speech recognition." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.597919.

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The hybrid connectionist-hidden Markov model (HMM) approach to large vocabulary continuous speech recognition has been shown to be competitive with HMM based systems. However, the recent availability of extremely large amounts of acoustic training data has highlighted a problem with the connectionist acoustic modelling paradigm. The effective use of such large amounts of data is difficult due to the computational requirements of training large connectionist models. This dissertation details research aimed at increasing the performance of connectionist acoustic models through the effective use of available training data. The methods investigated are based on ensembles of models. An ensemble is a collection of models which are combined in a manner such that the performance of the ensemble is greater than that of any of the models which form the ensemble. Most ensemble methods use a simple linear combination of the model estimates to form the ensemble estimate. A data dependent ensemble technique has been developed in which the combination of the ensemble models is dependent on the current input. The use of ensembles for speaker adaptation has been investigated, and a method based on clustering of training data has been developed and implemented. This speaker adaptation scheme does not require additional adaptation data, and can reduce the error rate of a hybrid connectionist-HMM speaker independent recognition system by up to 14.5%. In addition, clustering data allows effective use of large amounts of training data. Boosting is a method which makes selective use of training data, and produces an ensemble with each model trained on data drawn from a different distribution. Results on the optical character recognition task suggest that boosting can provide considerable gains in classification performance. The application of boosting to acoustic modelling has been investigated, and a modified boosting procedure developed. The boosting algorithms have been applied to multilayer perceptron acoustic models, and performance of the models assessed on a number of ARPA benchmark tasks. The results show that boosting consistently provides a 14-19% reduction in word error rate. The standard boosting techniques are not suitable for use with recurrent network acoustic models, and three new boosting algorithms have been developed for use with connectionist models with internal memory. These new boosting algorithms have also been evaluated on a number of ARPA benchmark tests, and have been shown to lead to a reduction in word error rate of 10-18%.
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Jancovic, Peter. "Combination of multiple feature streams for robust speech recognition." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.268386.

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Apperley, David Charles. "Connectionist combination of evidence sources in automatic speech recognition." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.387539.

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Breslin, Catherine. "Generation and combination of complementary systems for automatic speech recognition." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.612351.

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Lucey, Simon. "Audio-visual speech processing." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2002. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/36172/7/SimonLuceyPhDThesis.pdf.

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Speech is inherently bimodal, relying on cues from the acoustic and visual speech modalities for perception. The McGurk effect demonstrates that when humans are presented with conflicting acoustic and visual stimuli, the perceived sound may not exist in either modality. This effect has formed the basis for modelling the complementary nature of acoustic and visual speech by encapsulating them into the relatively new research field of audio-visual speech processing (AVSP). Traditional acoustic based speech processing systems have attained a high level of performance in recent years, but the performance of these systems is heavily dependent on a match between training and testing conditions. In the presence of mismatched conditions (eg. acoustic noise) the performance of acoustic speech processing applications can degrade markedly. AVSP aims to increase the robustness and performance of conventional speech processing applications through the integration of the acoustic and visual modalities of speech, in particular the tasks of isolated word speech and text-dependent speaker recognition. Two major problems in AVSP are addressed in this thesis, the first of which concerns the extraction of pertinent visual features for effective speech reading and visual speaker recognition. Appropriate representations of the mouth are explored for improved classification performance for speech and speaker recognition. Secondly, there is the question of how to effectively integrate the acoustic and visual speech modalities for robust and improved performance. This question is explored in-depth using hidden Markov model(HMM)classifiers. The development and investigation of integration strategies for AVSP required research into a new branch of pattern recognition known as classifier combination theory. A novel framework is presented for optimally combining classifiers so their combined performance is greater than any of those classifiers individually. The benefits of this framework are not restricted to AVSP, as they can be applied to any task where there is a need for combining independent classifiers.
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McDevitt, Jason. "The representation of frequent word combinations in lexical memory /." Thesis, McGill University, 2006. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=101728.

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Many current psycholinguistic theories view the mental lexicon as a listing of (only) unpredictable sound-meaning correspondences (primarily words and morphemes). Under this view, regular complex word forms and syntactic structures are built with rules during language production, obviating the need for storage of complex but regular linguistic material. This type of model conflicts with recent experimental evidence that suggests that lexical memory may in fact consist of a more heterogeneous set of linguistic units, including complex word forms and multi-word expressions that in theory could be constructed via rules. Storage of such material seems to be driven largely by frequency. The present research consisted of two experiments designed to investigate whether semantically transparent noun and adjective phrases are stored as single lexical units when they are very frequent. Results from the two tasks (grammaticality judgment and speech production) supported the notion that frequent word combinations can come to be stored holistically in lexical memory. It was argued that usage-based models of lexical memory (vs. dominant generative theories) best account for such data. Data from language acquisition, aphasia, and corpus studies were offered as complementary evidence in support of the more general claim that a large component of linguistic competence is knowledge of lexical co-occurrence patterns. Finally, it was hypothesized that an exemplar-based model of lexical memory best captures the range of available data.
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Antoniou, Christos Andrea. "Improving the acoustic modelling of speech using modular/ensemble combinations of heterogeneous neural networks." Thesis, University of Essex, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.340582.

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Good, Chelsea. "Persuasive effect of narrative and statistical evidence combinations." Thesis, Manhattan, Kan. : Kansas State University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/4156.

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Books on the topic "Combinational speech"

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Novikov, Anatoliy, and Natal'ya Novikova. Mathematical methods in psychology (speech therapy). ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1018182.

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The tutorial discusses the necessary mathematical methods and approaches used for investigation and practical applications in psychology (speech therapy). In examples and assignments (with answers) are given found in the practical work of psychologists in various techniques that allow you to master the computational procedures of statistical processing of data. In parallel with manual processing are the processing of data using MS Excel and SPSS. Shows a combination of Excel and SPSS packages. Meets the requirements of Federal state educational standards of higher education of the last generation. Designed for students enrolled in the 37.03.01 direction of training "Psychology". Can also be useful to graduate students and professionals, focused on applied problems in psychology.
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Ernő, Rubik, ed. Rubik's Cubic Compendium. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1987.

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Seeck, Margitta, L. Spinelli, Jean Gotman, and Fernando H. Lopes da Silva. Combination of Brain Functional Imaging Techniques. Edited by Donald L. Schomer and Fernando H. Lopes da Silva. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190228484.003.0046.

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Several tools are available to map brain electrical activity. Clinical applications focus on epileptic activity, although electric source imaging (ESI) and electroencephalography-coupled functional magnetic resonance imaging (EEG–fMRI) are also used to investigate non-epileptic processes in healthy subjects. While positron-emission tomography (PET) reflects glucose metabolism, strongly linked with synaptic activity, and single-photon-emission computed tomography (SPECT) reflects blood flow, fMRI (BOLD) signals have a hemodynamic component that is a surrogate signal of neuronal (synaptic) activity. The exact interpretation of BOLD signals is not completely understood; even in unifocal epilepsy, more than one region of positive or negative BOLD is often observed. Co-registration of medical images is essential to answer clinical questions, particularly for presurgical epilepsy evaluations. Multimodal imaging can yield information about epileptic foci and underlying networks. Co-registering MRI, PET, SPECT, fMRI, and ESI (or magnetic source imaging) provides information to estimate the epileptogenic zone and can help optimize surgical results.
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Lewin, Jan S., Michelle Cororve Fingeret, and Kate A. Hutcheson. Speech and Swallowing Impairment. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190655617.003.0011.

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Abstract: Patients with head and neck cancer face multiple, often severe psychological and functional problems associated with the diagnosis and treatment of their disease including alterations in or loss of human voice, disruptions in speech production, and deterioration of swallowing ability. These functional changes significantly compromise a patient’s body image and can occur as a result of the disease as well as its primary treatment, whether surgery, radiation therapy (RT), or both. Adjuvant treatments that include RT generally increase functional deficits and associated body image disturbance. Therefore, a thorough understanding of the functional effects associated with the given treatment modality or combination of modalities must be conveyed adequately to the patient. A multidisciplinary team approach and ongoing communication among clinicians is critical to successful outcomes. This approach includes the delivery of psychosocial interventions to facilitate coping with functional changes during active treatment and into cancer survivorship.
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Attanasio, John. Philosophical Ruminations. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190847029.003.0007.

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Ideas matter. Constitutional jurisprudence decisions reflect overarching intellectual trends in society. The Buckley Constitution reflects the influence of modern individualistic libertarianism in contemporary American society. Some prominent authors have glimpsed more inclusive approaches to free speech. For example, renowned First Amendment theorist Alexander Meiklejohn sought to illustrate an inclusive approach to freedom of speech in his timeless metaphor of a town meeting. This chapter begins by outlining several wrong turns that the campaign finance cases have taken which render an inclusive approach impossible. One involves equating spending money with speaking. Spending money to speak is at most a combination of speech and action. Moreover, monetary limitations on political campaigning are similar to content neutral time, place, and manner restrictions. Some authors concerned with the distribution of speech rights have overtly offered a more egalitarian free speech approach. They include Jürgen Habermas, Bruce Ackerman, and Ronald Dworkin.
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YANAGAWA, Mitsumochi. Enjoy Your Categorized Collections of English Expressions and Text-To-speech: Good Combination Between C-Pen, Kindle, Ivona and Naturalreaders. Independently Published, 2017.

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Buechel, Ronny R., and Aju P. Pazhenkottil. Basic principles and technological state of the art: hybrid imaging. Edited by Philipp Kaufmann. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198784906.003.0121.

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The core principle of hybrid imaging is based on the fact that it provides information beyond that achievable with either data set alone. This is attained through the combination and fusion of two datasets by which both modalities synergistically contribute to image information. Hybrid imaging is, thus, more powerful than the sum of its parts, yielding improved sensitivity and specificity. While datasets for integration may be obtained by a variety of imaging modalities, its merits are intuitively best exploited when combining anatomical and functional imaging, particularly in the setting of evaluation of coronary artery disease (CAD) as this combination allows a comprehensive assessment with regard to presence or absence of coronary atherosclerosis, the extent and severity of coronary plaques, and the haemodynamic relevance of stenosis. In clinical practice, the combination of CT coronary angiography (CCTA) with myocardial perfusion studies obtained by single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and by positron emission tomography (PET) has been well established. Recent literature also reports on the feasibility of combining CCTA with cardiac magnetic resonance imaging. Finally, recent advances in CCTA and SPECT imaging have led to a substantial reduction of radiation exposure, now allowing for comprehensive morphological and functional diagnostic work-up by cardiac hybrid SPECT/CCTA imaging at low radiation dose exposures ranging below 5 mSv.
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McCready, Elin. The Semantics and Pragmatics of Honorification. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198821366.001.0001.

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This book provides an approach to the semantics and pragmatics of honorifics and expressions with honorific import, treating them as carrying expressive content which contributes either directly or indirectly to a register corresponding to the current formality of the speech situation. This system is given empirical application to a wide range of honorific expressions including utterance and argument honorifics in Japanese, Thai and several other languages, and it is proposed that languages use distinct strategies for honorification which has implications for the grammaticality of certain combinations of honorifics; on the theoretical side, philosophical connections are drawn to a wider range of issues in theory of the construction of social reality, social meaning, and the expression of gender.
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Marcsisin, Michael J., and Jessica M. Gannon. History and Phenomenology of Schizophrenia and Related Psychoses. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199331505.003.0001.

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Psychosis has probably affected humans since the start of humanity itself, although the construct of schizophrenia is a relatively new phenomenon, dating back to the nineteenth century. Work by Emil Kraepelin and Eugen Bleuler helped consolidate ideas about psychotic disorders, setting the stage for both clinical care and neuroscience research in subsequent centuries. Phenomenologically, psychotic symptoms range from “positive” symptoms (delusions, hallucinations), to “negative” symptoms (avolition, affective blunting), to “disorganization” symptoms (disorganized speech and behavior), which all combine to produce functional deficits. Different psychotic disorders have different combinations of symptoms, which can combine with mood and anxiety symptoms to affect functioning problems in unique ways. These symptoms can be recognized fairly reliably in individuals. Understanding the inner experience of psychosis can help improve patient-centered care.
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Woolums, Marianne Elaine. The effects of viewing a graduate school recruitment videotape versus reading literature versus a combination of both on students' perceptions of a speech pathology and audiology graduate program. 1990.

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Book chapters on the topic "Combinational speech"

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Grézl, František. "Combinations of TRAP Based Systems." In Text, Speech and Dialogue, 323–30. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-30120-2_41.

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Stemmer, Georg, Stefan Steidl, Elmar Nöth, Heinrich Niemann, and Anton Batliner. "Comparison and Combination of Confidence Measures." In Text, Speech and Dialogue, 181–88. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-46154-x_25.

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Kanis, Jakub, Zdeněk Krňoul, and Marek Hrúz. "Combination of Positions and Angles for Hand Pose Estimation." In Speech and Computer, 209–18. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-26061-3_22.

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Orosz, György, László János Laki, Attila Novák, Borbála Siklósi, and Nóra Wenszky. "Improved Hungarian Morphological Disambiguation with Tagger Combination." In Text, Speech, and Dialogue, 280–87. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-40585-3_36.

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Bureš, Lukáš, and Luděk Müller. "Selecting Keypoint Detector and Descriptor Combination for Augmented Reality Application." In Speech and Computer, 604–12. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-43958-7_73.

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Abberley, Dave, and Phil Green. "Evidence Combination in Speech Recognition Using Neural Networks." In Speech Recognition and Coding, 497–500. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-57745-1_73.

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Hócza, András, László Felföldi, and András Kocsor. "Learning Syntactic Patterns Using Boosting and Other Classifier Combination Schemas." In Text, Speech and Dialogue, 69–76. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/11551874_9.

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Lloret, Elena, and Manuel Palomar. "A Gradual Combination of Features for Building Automatic Summarisation Systems." In Text, Speech and Dialogue, 16–23. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-04208-9_6.

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Rousseau, Anthony, Gilles Boulianne, Paul Deléglise, Yannick Estève, Vishwa Gupta, and Sylvain Meignier. "LIUM and CRIM ASR System Combination for the REPERE Evaluation Campaign." In Text, Speech and Dialogue, 441–48. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-10816-2_53.

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Loni, Babak, Gijs van Tulder, Pascal Wiggers, David M. J. Tax, and Marco Loog. "Question Classification by Weighted Combination of Lexical, Syntactic and Semantic Features." In Text, Speech and Dialogue, 243–50. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-23538-2_31.

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Conference papers on the topic "Combinational speech"

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Abdollahy, A., and M. Geravanchizadeh. "Speech enhancement using combinational adaptive filtering." In 2008 International Symposium on Telecommunications (IST). IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/istel.2008.4651404.

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Li, Baoxiang, Fengxiang Chang, Jun Guo, and Gang Liu. "Speech Recognition error correction by using combinational measures." In 2012 3rd IEEE International Conference on Network Infrastructure and Digital Content (IC-NIDC 2012). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icnidc.2012.6418778.

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Caiyun, Wu. "Study of Speech Enhancement System Using Combinational Adaptive Filtering." In 2012 International Conference on Computer Distributed Control and Intelligent Environmental Monitoring (CDCIEM). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cdciem.2012.159.

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Abdolazimi, A., M. Mohammadi, B. Nasersharif, A. Akbari, and M. Mazoochi. "Combinational methods for improvement of packet-loss recovery in distributed speech recognition." In 2008 3rd International Symposium on Communications, Control, and Signal Processing (ISCCSP 2008). IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/isccsp.2008.4537337.

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Gamage, Buddhi, Randil Pushpananda, Ruvan Weerasinghe, and Thilini Nadungodage. "Usage of Combinational Acoustic Models (DNN-HMM and SGMM) and Identifying the Impact of Language Models in Sinhala Speech Recognition." In 2020 20th International Conference on Advances in ICT for Emerging Regions (ICTer). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icter51097.2020.9325439.

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Long, Hailiang, Zhenghao Guo, Xia Wu, Bin Hu, Zhenyu Liu, and Hanshu Cai. "Detecting depression in speech: Comparison and combination between different speech types." In 2017 IEEE International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedicine (BIBM). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/bibm.2017.8217802.

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Lojka, Martin, and Jozef Juhar. "Hypothesis combination for Slovak dictation speech recognition." In 2014 56th International Symposium ELMAR. IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/elmar.2014.6923311.

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Gales, M. J. F., X. Liu, R. Sinha, P. C. Woodland, K. Yu, S. Matsoukas, T. Ng, et al. "Speech Recognition System Combination for Machine Translation." In 2007 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing. IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icassp.2007.367310.

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Zhang, Chenlei, and Junjun Guo. "Speech Steganalysis Based on Multi-classifier Combination." In 2021 3rd International Conference on Computer Communication and the Internet (ICCCI). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iccci51764.2021.9486795.

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Zhang, Qingli, Ning An, Kunxia Wang, Fuji Ren, and Lian Li. "Speech emotion recognition using combination of features." In 2013 Fourth International Conference on Intelligent Control and Information Processing (ICICIP). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icicip.2013.6568131.

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Reports on the topic "Combinational speech"

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Downing, W. Logan, Howell Li, William T. Morgan, Cassandra McKee, and Darcy M. Bullock. Using Probe Data Analytics for Assessing Freeway Speed Reductions during Rain Events. Purdue University, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5703/1288284317350.

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Rain impacts roadways such as wet pavement, standing water, decreased visibility, and wind gusts and can lead to hazardous driving conditions. This study investigates the use of high fidelity Doppler data at 1 km spatial and 2-minute temporal resolution in combination with commercial probe speed data on freeways. Segment-based space-mean speeds were used and drops in speeds during rainfall events of 5.5 mm/hour or greater over a one-month period on a section of four to six-lane interstate were assessed. Speed reductions were evaluated as a time series over a 1-hour window with the rain data. Three interpolation methods for estimating rainfall rates were tested and seven metrics were developed for the analysis. The study found sharp drops in speed of more than 40 mph occurred at estimated rainfall rates of 30 mm/hour or greater, but the drops did not become more severe beyond this threshold. The average time of first detected rainfall to impacting speeds was 17 minutes. The bilinear method detected the greatest number of events during the 1-month period, with the most conservative rate of predicted rainfall. The range of rainfall intensities were estimated between 7.5 to 106 mm/hour for the 39 events. This range was much greater than the heavy rainfall categorization at 16 mm/hour in previous studies reported in the literature. The bilinear interpolation method for Doppler data is recommended because it detected the greatest number of events and had the longest rain duration and lowest estimated maximum rainfall out of three methods tested, suggesting the method balanced awareness of the weather conditions around the roadway with isolated, localized rain intensities.
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OSETROVA, O., A. STOKOLYAS, and D. KHUSAINOVA. CHARACTERISTIC ASPECTS OF TRANSLATING ROMANCE NOVELS. Science and Innovation Center Publishing House, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.12731/2077-1770-2021-13-4-2-94-103.

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Peculiarities of translating romance novels are considered in the article. Examples from the novel by Kristan Higgins “Too good to be true” are given in order corresponding to their manifestation in the book. Special attention is given to the translation of realities. The main translation techniques used are transliteration and transcription, calquing, and combinations (concerning onomastic realities), descriptive translation and approximation (concerning everyday realities and associations). Besides, it is mentioned, that gender dimension is extremely pragmatically valid in the context of other stylistic and grammatical aspects of the text. The authors make a conclusion of dynamic changes in speech stereotypes towards blurring gender lines between masculine and feminine speech behavior. It is important to consider this fact when translating romance novels.
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Бережна, Маргарита Василівна. Psycholinguistic Image of Joy (in the Computer-Animated Film Inside Out). Psycholinguistics in a Modern World, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31812/123456789/5827.

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The paper is focused on the correlation between the psychological archetype of a film character and the linguistic elements composing their speech. The Nurturer archetype is represented in the film Inside Out by the personalized emotion Joy. Joy is depicted as an antropomorphous female character, whose purpose is to keep her host, a young girl Riley, happy. As the Nurturer, Joy is completely focused on Riley’s happiness, which is expressed by lexico-semantic group ‘happy’, positive evaluative tokens, exclamatory sentences, promissive speech acts, and repetitions. She needs the feeling of connectedness with other members of her family, which is revealed by lexico-semantic groups ‘support’ and ‘help’. She is ready to sacrifice everything to save the girl in her care, which is demonstrated by modal verbs, frequent word-combination ‘for Riley’, and directives.
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Chornodon, Myroslava. FEAUTURES OF GENDER IN MODERN MASS MEDIA. Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, February 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/vjo.2021.49.11064.

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The article clarifies of gender identity stereotypes in modern media. The main gender stereotypes covered in modern mass media are analyzed and refuted. The model of gender relations in the media is reflected mainly in the stereotypical images of men and woman. The features of the use of gender concepts in modern periodicals for women and men were determined. The most frequently used derivatives of these macroconcepts were identified and analyzed in detail. It has been found that publications for women and men are full of various gender concepts that are used in different contexts. Ingeneral, theanalysisofthe concept-maximums and concept-minimum gender and their characteristics is carried out in the context of gender stereotypes that have been forme dand function in the society, system atizing the a ctual presentations. The study of the gender concept is relevant because it reveals new trends and features of modern gender images. Taking into account the special features of gender-labeled periodicals in general and the practical absence of comprehensive scientific studies of the gender concept in particular, there is a need to supplement Ukrainian science with this topic. Gender psychology, which is served by methods of various sciences, primarily sociological, pedagogical, linguistic, psychological, socio-psychological. Let us pay attention to linguistic and psycholinguistic methods in gender studies. Linguistic methods complement intelligence research tasks, associated with speech, word and text. Psycholinguistic methods used in gender psychology (semantic differential, semantic integral, semantic analysis of words and texts), aimed at studying speech messages, specific mechanisms of origin and perception, functions of speech activity in society, studying the relationship between speech messages and gender properties participants in the communication, to analyze the linguistic development in connection with the general development of the individual. Nowhere in gender practice there is the whole arsenal of psychological methods that allow you to explore psychological peculiarities of a person like observation, experiments, questionnaires, interviews, testing, modeling, etc. The methods of psychological self-diagnostics include: the gender aspect of the own socio-psychological portrait, a gender biography as a variant of the biographical method, aimed at the reconstruction of individual social experience. In the process of writing a gender autobiography, a person can understand the characteristics of his gender identity, as well as ways and means of their formation. Socio-psychological methods of studying gender include the study of socially constructed women’s and men’s roles, relationships and identities, sexual characteristics, psychological characteristics, etc. The use of gender indicators and gender approaches as a means of socio-psychological and sociological analysis broadens the subject boundaries of these disciplines and makes them the subject of study within these disciplines. And also, in the article a combination of concrete-historical, structural-typological, system-functional methods is implemented. Descriptive and comparative methods, method of typology, modeling are used. Also used is a method of content analysis for the study of gender content of modern gender-stamped journals. It was he who allowed quantitatively to identify and explore the features of the gender concept in the pages of periodicals for women and men. A combination of historical, structural-typological, system-functional methods is also implemented in the article. Descriptive and comparative methods, method of typology, modeling are used. A method of content analysis for the study of gender content of modern gender-labeled journals is also used. It allowed to identify and explore the features of the gender concept quantitatively in the periodicals for women and men. The conceptual perception and interpretation of the gender concept «woman», which is highlighted in the modern gender-labeled press in Ukraine, requires the elaboration of the polyfunctionality of gender interpretations, the comprehension of the metaphorical perception of this image and its role and purpose in society. A gendered approach to researching the gender content of contemporary periodicals for women and men. Conceptual analysis of contemporary gender-stamped publications within the gender conceptual sphere allows to identify and correlate the meta-gender and gender concepts that appear in society.
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NARYKOVA, N. A., S. V. KHATAGOVA, and Yu R. PEREPELITSYNA. PEJORATIVE WORDS IN GERMAN MASS-MEDIA IN NOMINATIONS OF POLITICIANS. Science and Innovation Center Publishing House, April 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.12731/2077-1770-2021-14-1-3-57-68.

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One of the main functions of mass media is influence on public opinion. So emotionally-painted lexical means are widely used in mass media in relation to leading politicians who are the centre of political arena. They are exposed to the frequent criticism, a negative estimation. The present article is devoted to the consideration of pejorative lexicon which is applied in nominations for heads of states. An empirical material of research were electronic newspapers and editions: Der Spiegel, Die Zeit, Sueddeutsche Zeitung, Der Tagesspiegel, taz, Die Welt, Gegenblende. As the basic methods of research are the following: the componental analysis, the lexico-semantic analysis, the stylistic analysis. The result of research revealed, that in German mass media there is a significant amount of persons names pejorative colouring. They express censure, disrespect, sneer, hatred, antipathy, condemnation, mistrust and so on. There main word-formations for persons nominations are composition, a derivation with using of suffixes and subsuffixes, attributive word-combinations, metaphorically-metonymical way. The materials of the research work can be used in the course of learning German language, at the practical training in oral speech, and also in the course of lexicology, general and aspect lexicography.
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Shaver, Greg, and Miles Droege. Develop and Deploy a Safe Truck Platoon Testing Protocol for the Purdue ARPA-E Project in Indiana. Purdue University, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5703/1288284317314.

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Hilly terrain poses challenges to truck platoons using fixed set speed cruise control. Driving the front truck efficiently on hilly terrain improves both trucks fuel economies and improves gap maintenance between the trucks. An experimentally-validated simulation model was used to show fuel savings for the platoon of 12.3% when the front truck uses long horizon predictive cruise control (LH-PCC), 8.7% when the front truck uses flexible set speed cruise control, and only 1.2% when the front truck uses fixed set speed cruise control. Purdue, Peloton, and Cummins have jointly configured two Peterbilt 579 trucks for relevant combinations of: (1) coordinated shifting, (2) constant or variable platoon gap controls, (3) flexible or constant speed setpoint cruise control of the front trucks, and (4) long-horizon predictive cruise control (LHPCC) of the front truck. Confirmation of this functionality during platooning was demonstrated at the Continental Test track in Uvalde, Texas. In Indiana, on-road experiments were limited to single truck operation with long-horizon predictive cruise control, flexible set speed cruise control, and constant setpoint cruise control. Data from all of the above was used to improve the fidelity of simulations used to arrive at the fuel savings and gap control findings for hilly terrain per what is summarized in the findings section. Additionally, in early summer 2020, Purdue submitted to, and received improvement from, INDOT for a safe truck platoon testing protocol (located in this report’s appendix), which could not be implemented in Indiana before the end of the project because of COVID-19. Presentations of the subject matter at COMVEC, MAASTO, Purdue Road School, and the Work Truck Show are listed in the appendix.
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Bohorquez-Penuela, Camilo, and Mariana Urbina-Ramirez. Rising Staple Prices and Food Insecurity: The Case of the Mexican Tortilla. Banco de la República de Colombia, November 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.32468/be.1144.

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We study the relationship between rising prices of tortillas---the Mexican staple par excellence---and household food insecurity between 2008 and 2014, a period in which global food prices experienced dramatic increases. The use of a unique combination of household-level data and official state-level information on prices allows us exploit signi cant variation in prices across the Mexican states. Since households cannot be tracked across time, we follow Deaton (1985) by constructing a series of pseudo-panels to control for time- invariant unobserved heterogeneity and measurement error. The regression estimates suggest that increasing tortilla prices affected food insecurity rates in Mexico. More speci cally, households with children or those in the second or third income quintile are more likely to be affected.
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Pettit, Chris, and D. Wilson. A physics-informed neural network for sound propagation in the atmospheric boundary layer. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), June 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/41034.

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We describe what we believe is the first effort to develop a physics-informed neural network (PINN) to predict sound propagation through the atmospheric boundary layer. PINN is a recent innovation in the application of deep learning to simulate physics. The motivation is to combine the strengths of data-driven models and physics models, thereby producing a regularized surrogate model using less data than a purely data-driven model. In a PINN, the data-driven loss function is augmented with penalty terms for deviations from the underlying physics, e.g., a governing equation or a boundary condition. Training data are obtained from Crank-Nicholson solutions of the parabolic equation with homogeneous ground impedance and Monin-Obukhov similarity theory for the effective sound speed in the moving atmosphere. Training data are random samples from an ensemble of solutions for combinations of parameters governing the impedance and the effective sound speed. PINN output is processed to produce realizations of transmission loss that look much like the Crank-Nicholson solutions. We describe the framework for implementing PINN for outdoor sound, and we outline practical matters related to network architecture, the size of the training set, the physics-informed loss function, and challenge of managing the spatial complexity of the complex pressure.
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Desai, Jairaj, Jijo K. Mathew, Woosung Kim, Mingmin Liu, Howell Li, Jeffrey D. Brooks, and Darcy M. Bullock. Dashboards for Real-time Monitoring of Winter Operations Activities and After-action Assessment. Purdue University, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5703/1288284317252.

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The Indiana Department of Transportation (INDOT) operates a fleet of nearly 1100 snowplows and spends up to $60M annually on snow removal and de-icing as part of their winter operation maintenance activities. Systematically allocating resources and optimizing material application rates can potentially save revenue that can be reallocated for other roadway maintenance operations. Modern snowplows are beginning to be equipped with a variety of Mobile Road Weather Information Sensors (MARWIS) which can provide a host of analytical data characterizing on-the-ground conditions during periods of wintry precipitation. Traffic speeds fused with road conditions and precipitation data from weather stations provide a uniquely detailed look at the progression of a winter event and the performance of the fleet. This research uses a combination of traffic speeds, MARWIS and North American Land Data Assimilation System (NLDAS) data to develop real-time dashboards characterizing the impact of precipitation and pavement surface temperature on mobility. Twenty heavy snow events were identified for the state of Indiana from November 2018 through April 2019. Two particular instances, that impacted 182 miles and 231 miles of interstate at their peaks occurred in January and March, respectively, and were used as a case study for this paper. The dashboards proposed in this paper may prove to be particularly useful for agencies in tracking fleet activity through a winter storm, helping in resource allocation and scheduling and forecasting resource needs.
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Hassanzadeh, Sara, Sina Neshat, Afshin Heidari, and Masoud Moslehi. Myocardial Perfusion Imaging in the Era of COVID-19. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, April 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.4.0063.

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Review question / Objective: This review studies all aspects of myocardial perfusion imaging with single-photon emission computed tomography (MPI SPECT) after the COVID-19 pandemic. Condition being studied: Many imaging modalities have been reduced after the COVID-19 pandemic. Our focus in this review is to see if the number of MPIs is lowered or not and, if so, why. Furthermore, it is possible that a combination of CT attenuation correction and MPI could yield findings. In this study, we'll also look for these probable findings. Third, we know from previous studies that COVID might cause cardiac injuries in some people. Since MPI is a cardiovascular imaging technique, it might shows those injuries. So we'll review articles to find out in patients with active COVID infection, long COVID, or previous COVID cases what findings in MPI those cardiac injuries can cause.
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