Academic literature on the topic 'Colt Hoare'
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Journal articles on the topic "Colt Hoare"
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Everill, Paul. "The Parkers of Heytesbury: Archaeological Pioneers." Antiquaries Journal 90 (September 2010): 441–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s000358151000003x.
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AbstractThis paper uses original documentary evidence held in the archives of the Wiltshire Archaeological and Natural History Society in Devizes to reassess the work of William Cunnington, FSA, carried out on behalf of Sir Richard Colt Hoare, and the contribution of his two principal excavators, Stephen and John Parker, of Heytesbury, in Wiltshire. Previously the Parkers have been regarded as little more than regular labourers on Cunnington’s pioneering excavations; the evidence now suggests that they (and in particular John) were, in fact, key to the success of Cunnington’s work. By the time of Cunnington’s death in 1810, John Parker was identifying new sites on the Wiltshire Downs and, on occasion, taking sole responsibility for excavating and interpreting them. After 1810 Hoare sponsored few further excavations and, though John was employed on at least one occasion, in 1814, the Parkers dropped back into obscurity and poverty without the regular employment, and perhaps protection, provided by Cunnington. Although John’s obituary in 1867 described him as Cunnington’s ‘principal pioneer’, no research has previously been undertaken that specifically considers the contribution of the Parkers in those early British excavations. This paper seeks to redress that oversight.
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Catalani, Anna, and Susan Pearce. "‘Particular Thanks and Obligations’: The Communications Made by Women to the Society of Antiquaries between 1776 and 1837, and their Significance." Antiquaries Journal 86 (September 2006): 254–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003581500000135.
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This paper brings together the evidence bearing on the relationship between the Society of Antiquaries and the women who contributed to it during a significant period when archaeology, through the work of such men as Samuel Lysons and Richard Colt Hoare, was beginning to emerge as a distinct field with its own conceptual and technical systems. It takes its departure from the first substantial appearance by a woman in the Society's publications in 1776, and continues until the accession of a female monarch, Victoria, in 1837, a period of just over sixty years. It explores what women did and what reception they received and assesses the significance of this within the wider processes of the development of an understanding of the past and the shaping of gender relationships through the medium of material culture, in a period that saw fundamental changes in many areas of intellectual and social life, including levels of material consumption and the sentiments surrounding consumerism.
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Clocksin, Kate M., Deborah O. Jung, and Michael T. Madigan. "Cold-Active Chemoorganotrophic Bacteria from Permanently Ice-Covered Lake Hoare, McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 73, no. 9 (March 16, 2007): 3077–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.00085-07.
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ABSTRACT Eight strains of chemoorganotrophic bacteria were isolated from the water column of Lake Hoare, McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica, using cold enrichment temperatures. The isolates were Alpha-, Beta-, and Gammaproteobacteria and Actinobacteria spp. All isolates grew at 0°C, and all but one grew at subzero temperatures characteristic of the water column of Lake Hoare. Growth temperature optima varied among isolates, but the majority showed optima near 15°C, indicative of cold-active phenotypes. One isolate was truly psychrophilic, growing optimally around 10°C and not above 20°C. Half of the isolates grew at 2% salt while the other half did not, and all but one isolate grew at 2 atm of O2. Our isolates are the first prokaryotes from the water column of Lake Hoare to be characterized phylogenetically and physiologically and show that cold-active species of at least two major phyla of Bacteria inhabit Lake Hoare.
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Horton, S., M. Schirmer, and B. Jamieson. "Meteorological, elevation, and slope effects on surface hoar formation." Cryosphere Discussions 9, no. 2 (March 23, 2015): 1857–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/tcd-9-1857-2015.
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Abstract. Failure in layers of buried surface hoar crystals (frost) can cause hazardous snow slab avalanches. Surface hoar crystals form on the snow surface and are sensitive to micro-meteorological conditions. In this study, the role of meteorological and terrain factors were investigated for three surface hoar layers in the Columbia Mountains of Canada. The distribution of crystals was observed over different elevations and aspects during 20 days of field observations. The same layers were modelled on a 2.5 km horizontal grid by forcing the snow cover model SNOWPACK with forecast weather data from a numerical weather prediction model. The moisture content of the air (i.e. absolute humidity) had the largest impact on modelled surface hoar growth, with warm and moist air being favourable. Surface hoar was most developed at certain elevation bands, usually corresponding to elevations with warm humid air, light winds, and cold surface temperatures. SNOWPACK simulations on virtual slopes systematically predicted smaller surface hoar on south-facing slopes. In the field, a complex combination of surface hoar and sun crusts were observed, suggesting the model did not adequately resolve the surface energy balance on slopes. Overall, a coupled weather–snow cover model could benefit avalanche forecasters by predicting surface hoar layers on a regional scale over different elevation bands.
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Horton, S., M. Schirmer, and B. Jamieson. "Meteorological, elevation, and slope effects on surface hoar formation." Cryosphere 9, no. 4 (August 7, 2015): 1523–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/tc-9-1523-2015.
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Abstract. Failure in layers of buried surface hoar crystals (frost) can cause hazardous snow slab avalanches. Surface hoar crystals form on the snow surface and are sensitive to micro-meteorological conditions. In this study, the role of meteorological and terrain factors was investigated for three layers of surface hoar in the Columbia Mountains of Canada. The distribution of crystals over different elevations and aspects was observed on 20 days of field observations during a period of high pressure. The same layers were modelled over simplified terrain on a 2.5 km horizontal grid by forcing the snow cover model SNOWPACK with forecast weather data from a numerical weather prediction model. Modelled surface hoar growth was associated with warm air temperatures, high humidity, cold surface temperatures, and low wind speeds. Surface hoar was most developed in regions and elevation bands where these conditions existed, although strong winds at high elevations caused some model discrepancies. SNOWPACK simulations on virtual slopes systematically predicted smaller surface hoar on south-facing slopes. In the field, a complex combination of surface hoar and sun crusts were observed, suggesting the simplified model did not adequately resolve the surface energy balance on slopes. Overall, a coupled weather–snow cover model could benefit avalanche forecasters by predicting surface hoar layers on a regional scale over different elevation bands.
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Shea, C., and B. Jamieson. "Spatial distribution of surface hoar crystals in sparse forests." Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 10, no. 6 (June 25, 2010): 1317–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhess-10-1317-2010.
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Abstract. Surface hoar size and location relate directly to avalanche initiation trigger points, and they do so in small-scale spatial distributions. Physically, surface hoar will grow where the snow surface is cold relative to the air and water vapour is plentiful. Vapour aside, snow cools at night primarily by longwave radiation emittance. Emittance can be restricted by clouds, trees, and terrain features. With 96 independent spatial point samples of surface hoar size, we show the extreme small-scale size variation that trees can create, ranging from 0 to 14 mm in an area of 402 m2. We relate this size variation to the effects of trees by using satellite photography to estimate the amount that trees impinge on sky view for each point. Though physically related to longwave escape, radiation balance can be as difficult to estimate as surface hoar size itself. Thus, we estimate point surface hoar size by expected maximum areal crystal size and dry terrain greyscale value only. We confirm this relation by using it at a different area and in a different formation cycle. There, its overall average error was 1.5 mm for an area with surface hoar sizes ranging from 0 to 7 mm.
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Wenshou, Wei, Qin Dahe, and Liu Mingzhe. "Properties and structure of the seasonal snow cover in the continental regions of China." Annals of Glaciology 32 (2001): 93–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.3189/172756401781819328.
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AbstractThe continental regions of China are extensively covered by snow during winter. In this paper, the seasonal snow cover in the Tien Shan and Altay mountains is observed and analyzed, based on the characteristics of the dry-cold snow cover accumulating under the continental climatic conditions in northwest China. Compared with the humid-warm snow cover, the dry-cold snow cover is characterized mainly by small density, low water content, large temperature gradient, thick depth hoar, etc., and its metamorphism is dominated by the thermal exchange and the pressure of the overlying snow layers. According to the observed data, the solar radiation flux on the snow surface is dominated by a negative balance in the arid areas in China during the snow season; the albedo on the new-fallen-snow surface is up to 96%, and the transmission depth of shortwave radiation in dry-cold snow cover is 28 cm. During the snowmelt season in spring, the thickness of the depth hoar can occupy 80% of the whole snow cover.
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CHANDORE, ARUN NIVRUTTI, DEVIDAS BHAUSAHEB BORUDE, PARESH PANDHARINATH BHALEKAR, NILESH APPASO MADHAV, and KUMAR VINOD CHHOTUPURI GOSAVI. "Eriocaulon shrirangii (Eriocaulaceae), a new species from the lateritic plateaus of Konkan region of Maharashtra, India." Phytotaxa 574, no. 2 (November 29, 2022): 165–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.574.2.5.
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A new species Eriocaulon shrirangii is described and illustrated here from Konkan region of Maharashtra, India. The new species is allied to E. belgaumensis with rosulate and linear leaves, length of peduncles, c. 2 mm across heads and cells of seed coat transversely elongated, aligned in vertical rows, but differs in its oblanceolate floral bracts; pedicellate male flowers; linear-lanceolate sepals of female flower, hairy at apex; hoary petals of female flower and appendages present on seeds.
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Föhn, Paul M. B., Christian Camponovo, and Georges Krüsi. "Mechanical and structural properties of weak snow layers measured in situ." Annals of Glaciology 26 (1998): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.3189/1998aog26-1-1-6.
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Weak layers such as buried surface hoar or depth hoar frequently form the failure plane of slab avalanches. Therefore, the mechanical properties of such layers in relation to their snow structure have been investigated. Since it is difficult to transport samples containing a weak layer into cold rooms, the mechanical measurements have to be made in situ.We investigate strain-rate dependency of shear strength by measuring concurrently strength, deformation and acceleration, using a digital force gauge attached to a 0.05 m2 shear frame to which an accelerometer and a displacement sensor are fixed. In doing so, a dynamic force comparable to a driving skier is applied. The measurements cover a strain-rate range 10-2 to 1 s-1. The samples fail in a brittle manner. The shear-strength values cover the range 0.2–2.8 kPa. The dataset is also used to approximate the coefficient G, the shear modulus, for different weak layers.The snow structure has been analysed macroscopically in the field and for some layers representative snow samples have been extracted in order to prepare, in the cold laboratory, single-sided serial planes with cuts every 0.1 mm recorded by video. The analysis of these snow samples should have given the relation between some mechanical properties (strength, strain) and the structural properties. Due to basic problems in defining the connection between complex snow grains (e.g. surface hoar), we were unable to complete this part in due time. Only preliminary results on this aspect are presented here. Based on our long-term database, containing macroscopic structural and strength data of weak layers, a relationship between snow type and shear strength has been established.
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Föhn, Paul M. B., Christian Camponovo, and Georges Krüsi. "Mechanical and structural properties of weak snow layers measured in situ." Annals of Glaciology 26 (1998): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0260305500014440.
Full textAbstract:
Weak layers such as buried surface hoar or depth hoar frequently form the failure plane of slab avalanches. Therefore, the mechanical properties of such layers in relation to their snow structure have been investigated. Since it is difficult to transport samples containing a weak layer into cold rooms, the mechanical measurements have to be made in situ. We investigate strain-rate dependency of shear strength by measuring concurrently strength, deformation and acceleration, using a digital force gauge attached to a 0.05 m2 shear frame to which an accelerometer and a displacement sensor are fixed. In doing so, a dynamic force comparable to a driving skier is applied. The measurements cover a strain-rate range 10-2 to 1 s-1. The samples fail in a brittle manner. The shear-strength values cover the range 0.2–2.8 kPa. The dataset is also used to approximate the coefficient G, the shear modulus, for different weak layers. The snow structure has been analysed macroscopically in the field and for some layers representative snow samples have been extracted in order to prepare, in the cold laboratory, single-sided serial planes with cuts every 0.1 mm recorded by video. The analysis of these snow samples should have given the relation between some mechanical properties (strength, strain) and the structural properties. Due to basic problems in defining the connection between complex snow grains (e.g. surface hoar), we were unable to complete this part in due time. Only preliminary results on this aspect are presented here. Based on our long-term database, containing macroscopic structural and strength data of weak layers, a relationship between snow type and shear strength has been established.
Books on the topic "Colt Hoare"
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A Classical Tour Through Italy and Sicily; Tending to Illustrate Some Districts, Which Have Not Been Described by Mr. Eustace, in His Classical Tour. By Sir Richard Colt Hoare, Bart. Legare Street Press, 2021.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Colt Hoare"
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Gaboardi, Marco, Shin-ya Katsumata, Dominic Orchard, and Tetsuya Sato. "Graded Hoare Logic and its Categorical Semantics." In Programming Languages and Systems, 234–63. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-72019-3_9.
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AbstractDeductive verification techniques based on program logics (i.e., the family of Floyd-Hoare logics) are a powerful approach for program reasoning. Recently, there has been a trend of increasing the expressive power of such logics by augmenting their rules with additional information to reason about program side-effects. For example, general program logics have been augmented with cost analyses, logics for probabilistic computations have been augmented with estimate measures, and logics for differential privacy with indistinguishability bounds. In this work, we unify these various approaches via the paradigm of grading, adapted from the world of functional calculi and semantics. We propose Graded Hoare Logic (GHL), a parameterisable framework for augmenting program logics with a preordered monoidal analysis. We develop a semantic framework for modelling GHL such that grading, logical assertions (pre- and post-conditions) and the underlying effectful semantics of an imperative language can be integrated together. Central to our framework is the notion of a graded category which we extend here, introducing graded Freyd categories which provide a semantics that can interpret many examples of augmented program logics from the literature. We leverage coherent fibrations to model the base assertion language, and thus the overall setting is also fibrational.
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"Colt Hoare, Sir Richard (1758–1838)." In Encyclopedic Dictionary of Archaeology, 306. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-58292-0_30779.
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"British Bronze Age burial mounds discussed by Richard Colt Hoare, William Borlase and Edward Cunnington." In The Collector's Voice, 23–28. Routledge, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315264462-10.
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Harding, Dennis. "Communities of the dead." In Death and Burial in Iron Age Britain. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199687565.003.0008.
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Burial monuments of the Neolithic and Bronze Age, individual or in cemeteries, were often located in topographically prominent positions, or in zones of concentration that might qualify as ‘sacred landscapes’. In the Iron Age by contrast it is not obvious what governed the choice of location for cemeteries and smaller burial grounds, whether they were sited in relationship to settlement or whether there were traditional locations dedicated to burial. For some of the eastern Yorkshire square-ditched barrow cemeteries Bevan (1999: 137–8) considered proximity to water may have been a factor. Dent (1982: 450) stressed the siting of Arras type barrows and cemeteries adjacent to linear boundaries and trackways, a factor that is very apparent in the linear spread at Wetwang Slack. Though we may distinguish burials that are integrated into settlements from those that are segregated into cemeteries, therefore, there is no implication that cemeteries were remote from settlements. In fact, the contrary is often demonstrably the case. There is some evidence that small cemeteries or burial grounds were located immediately beyond the enclosure earthworks of hillforts. At Maiden Castle, Dorset (Fig. 3.1; Wheeler, 1943), the picture is prejudiced by the dominance of the ‘war cemetery’ in the eastern entrance, but the reality is that there had been a burial ground just outside the ramparts well before the conquest. A possible parallel is Battlesbury, where Mrs Cunnington (1924: 373) recorded the discovery of human skeletons from time to time in a chalk quarry just outside the north-west entrance to the camp. Some of these were contracted inhumations, and apparently included one instance of an adult and child buried together. The attribution of a ‘war cemetery’ (Pugh and Crittall, 1957: 118 evidently refers to this external burial site, which should be distinguished from the burials excavated more than a century earlier by William Cunnington within the hillfort at its north-west end (Colt Hoare, 1812: 69). Iron Age inhumations were also found, just within the rampart circuit, at Grimthorpe in Yorkshire (Mortimer, 1905: 150–2; Stead, 1968: 166–73). One of these was the well-known warrior burial, found in 1868.
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Renfrew, Colin. "Sculpture as Landscape: Archaeology and the Englishness of Henry Moore." In Communities and Connections. Oxford University Press, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199230341.003.0027.
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The interplay in English thought between archaeology and landscape has been a long-standing one. Even before the notion of ‘landscape’ was well defined as an artistic genre, antiquaries like John Leland became topographers, and topographers such as William Camden became antiquaries. Stuart Piggott was one of the twentieth century archaeologists acutely aware of these links, well analysed in his Ruins in a Landscape (1976), and Barry Cunliffe has certainly been another. Like Piggott, he is a graphic artist of distinction himself, often preferring to draw his own plans and sections for his final excavation reports. As an able illustrator he has taken special pleasure in the work of another notable Wessex countryman, topographer and archaeologist, Heywood Sumner. Born in Hampshire, Sumner (1853–1940) became first an artist and then, on his retirement, a Weld archaeologist. The publication by Cunliffe (1985) of Heywood Sumner’s Wessex reflects again this enduring sympathy between the Weld archaeologist and the artist sensitive to the earthworks and the rolling contours of the English countryside. Sumner was not a great artist, nor did his work add significantly to the development of British archaeology, yet he captured a quality in his archaeological illustrations and in his vision of the earthworks of Wessex which looks back to those earlier antiquaries, Stukeley and Colt Hoare, and forward to such consummate artists of the English landscape as Paul Nash and Henry Moore. He was also a close friend of another significant Weld archaeologist, noted lover of the landscape and pioneer of landscape archaeology, O. G. S. Crawford. Barry Cunliffe, an internationally celebrated figure who has initiated several significant Weld projects overseas, has likewise undertaken some of his most distinguished work in Wessex, from Fishbourne to Hengistbury Head, and in the landscape of Wessex, most notably at Danebury. His treatment of Sumner’s work, for instance in his chapter ‘Landscape with people’, shows great sympathy with the human scale of the English landscape, a quality which is also an important feature in the work of Henry Moore. To regard a sculptor as a landscape artist as I have done in this paper, would, until recently, have seemed rather paradoxical. For it is true that the ostensible subject of most of Moore’s sculptures was the human figure.
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Wallace, Daniel J., and Janice Brock Wallace. "Are You Sure It’s Really Fibromyalgia?" In All About Fibromyalgia. Oxford University Press, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195147537.003.0025.
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A week doesn’t go by without a patient wanting my reassurance that he or she is not seriously ill or making it all up. “Are you just telling me it’s fibromyalgia because you don’t want me to be upset?” “A friend of mine told me that fibromyalgia is a ‘garbage can’ diagnosis that doctors give when they don’t know what you have.” These are frequent remarks or queries. How is your doctor really sure that something is not being missed? This chapter reviews some diseases with features that can overlap with or be mistaken for fibromyalgia. Fibromyalgia can seem to be working in concert with other diseases. For example, untreated inflammation associated with an autoimmune disease (such as rheumatoid arthritis or systemic lupus erythematosus), other forms of inflammatory arthritis (such as ankylosing spondylitis), or a chest disease known as sarcoidosis are associated with coexisting fibromyalgia. Withdrawal from or tapering of medications such as corticosteroids typically precipitates or aggravates fibromyalgia. Many disorders interact with or can be mistaken for fibromyalgia. They are reviewed here, as well as in other parts of this book, and listed in Table 11. Linda was not herself. Over a period of several months, she found it increasingly difficult to make it through the day. Her muscles started to ache, she gained 15 pounds while on the same diet, found it difficult to tolerate cold weather, and her voice became husky. Dr. Bridges did a complete blood count and a blood panel that was normal. He was impressed with her muscle aches and diagnosed her as having fibromyalgia. When Dr. White saw Linda in a rheumatology consultation, certain things did not fit. Weight gain, a hoarse voice, and cold intolerance of recent onset are not typical features of fibromyalgia, so she obtained additional tests that included a complete thyroid pel (triiodothyronine [T3], thyroxine [T4], thyroid-stimulating hormone [TSH]). Although the T3 and T4 levels were normal (as they had been with Dr. Bridges), the TSH (which was not part of Dr. Bridges’s panel) was quite high, indicating hypothyroidism. Linda was started on thyroid replacement therapy and was back to herself within a few weeks.